id category name description provided_by IAO:0000594 biolink:NamedThing software application DOVES_relaxed.owl owl:Thing biolink:NamedThing DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/e849bada-9fc3-4799-b3d4-625dc79093f4 biolink:NamedThing digital medicine application outcome A Digital Medicine Application Outcome is an outcome that associated with developent, use, or of application of, a digital medicine application. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/78ceb509-e44b-4d8c-bd47-b457f9d835cb biolink:NamedThing refining value A value that can be used to refine the description of a digital medicine application DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000001 biolink:NamedThing disease A disease is a disposition to undergo pathological processes that exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021125 biolink:NamedThing disease characteristic An attribute of a disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042489 biolink:NamedThing disease susceptibility A constitution or condition of the body which makes the tissues react in special ways to certain extrinsic stimuli and thus tends to make the individual more than usually susceptible to certain diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/e63990da-3423-41df-ab19-98af4cec86c7 biolink:NamedThing OBO:GSSO_002199 Race is a Refining Value defined as a social construct meant to group people according to common, visible physical traits. Categories of race follow guidance from the United States Census Bureau as of Aug 4, 2021. https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2021/08/measuring-racial-ethnic-diversity-2020-census.html DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/efe61c04_f9aa_484c_846c_d7ee7cb02f58 biolink:NamedThing gender Gender is a Refining Value that refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed. This includes norms, behaviours and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time. Gender is hierarchical and produces inequalities that intersect with other social and economic inequalities. Gender interacts with but is different from sex, which refers to the different biological and physiological characteristics of females, males and intersex persons, such as chromosomes, hormones and reproductive organs. Gender and sex are related to but different from gender identity. Gender identity refers to a person’s deeply felt, internal and individual experience of gender, which may or may not correspond to the person’s physiology or designated sex at birth. Source: https://www.who.int/health-topics/gender#tab=tab_1 DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/doves-ontology#Electronic_Health_Record_Integration_Outcome biolink:NamedThing EHR integration EHR Integration is a Refining Value that describes the types of electronic health record (EHR) platforms with which the digital health application integrates, including "not applicable" or "none." DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/doves-ontology#Ethnicity biolink:NamedThing ethnicity Ethnicity is a Refining Value defined according to the United States Census Bureai Aug 4, 2021 https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2021/08/measuring-racial-ethnic-diversity-2020-census.html DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/doves-ontology#HIE_Integration biolink:NamedThing health information exchange integration HIE Integration is a Refining Value that describes a digital medicine application's integration with Health Information Exchanges (HIEs). DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/doves-ontology#Regulatory_Approval biolink:NamedThing regulatory approval status Regulatory Approval is a Refining Value that refers to government regulated approval for safety and efficacy of a digital medicine application or software as a medical device. DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/doves-ontology#Regulatory_Category biolink:NamedThing regulatory category Regulatory Category is a Refining Value that describes in rough terms, the appropriate category label for a digital application that pertains to health, according to definitions proposed in the white paper put out November 7, 2019 by the Digital Medicine (DiME) Society, the Digital Therapeutics Alliance, HealthXL, and NODE.Health. Source: https://www.healthxl.com/blog/digital-health-digital-medicine-digital-therapeutics-dtx-whats-the-difference DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/doves-ontology#Setting biolink:NamedThing setting Setting is a Refining Value that describes the clinical setting for which a digital medicine or digital therapeutic application is intended. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/ccf65a8d-246e-43d7-b378-c840c50a5f36 biolink:NamedThing peri-procedural stage Peri-procedural Stage is a Refining Value that describes a stage of preparation or recovery around a surgical procedure. A periprocedural action occurs soon before, during, or soon after the performance of a procedure. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/d7fdedbd-6d0d-4d67-bd98-03f4c80c944b biolink:NamedThing age group Age Group is a Refining Value that describes the age category(ies) of a digital medicine application's users. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/e8a3913a-2e3c-42c6-b662-a35736ffcada biolink:NamedThing increased accuracy Increased Accuracy is a Refining Value that describes the level and type of accuracy measurement for a digital health product that is intended to improve accuracy. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/01d40506-2d2f-4237-a87b-229e268c2f14 biolink:NamedThing person A Person is a Refining Value defined as an individual human being. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/1ce5511a-c36f-4fb4-97a6-8e1b0642a27d biolink:NamedThing technical capability Technical Capability Area is a Refining Value describing major technical categories of digital medicine or therapeutic products. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/1d62d176-3b08-4743-819c-ba79585f3a38 biolink:NamedThing medical specialty Medical Specialty is a Refining Value a defined as a branch of medical practice that is focused on a defined group of patients, diseases, skills, or philosophy. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_specialty DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/38552094-2ddf-4e81-b33d-080f5b904cd7 biolink:NamedThing role Role is a Refining Value that describes the user type of a digital medicine application. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/42032214-7b35-46e0-98f9-cd903d8fd464 biolink:NamedThing evidence Evidence is a Refining Value that describes the level or class of evidence of a digital medicine application. Classes of evidence may be categorized on a I-IV basis and iformed by different study designs such as randomized controlled trial, or cohort studies, or case series for example. Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3838756/ DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/8a734e84-af0d-4ad3-9379-51414e0e06d7 biolink:NamedThing duration Duration is a Refining Value that describes how long something lasts or how long it is in place. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/81955a73-7b46-4cb4-bbae-5c34311aa8a0 biolink:NamedThing sex assigned at birth Sex Assigned at Birth is a Refining Value defined according to the categories specified by the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology as specified in the UCSDI standards to describe the sex of an individual as assigned to them on birth. Source: https://www.healthit.gov/isa/uscdi-data/sex-assigned-birth DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/8773470f-b184-4f06-84ed-fcb2a1108574 biolink:NamedThing clinical process DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/894b0e16-237d-40f2-87f0-adaa02cab8c8 biolink:NamedThing technology Technology is a Refining Value that describes the tecnology or technologies used by a digital medicine or therapeutic application. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000004 biolink:NamedThing adrenocortical insufficiency An endocrine or hormonal disorder that occurs when the adrenal cortex does not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex (Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency) or to inadequate secretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland (secondary adrenal insufficiency). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002816 biolink:NamedThing adrenal cortex disorder A disease involving the adrenal cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006640 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland hyperfunction Excess production of adrenal cortex hormones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036591 biolink:NamedThing adrenal cortex neoplasm A benign or malignant (primary or metastatic) neoplasm affecting the adrenal cortex. (NCI05) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000005 biolink:NamedThing alopecia, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021034 biolink:NamedThing genetic alopecia An instance of alopecia that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007085 biolink:NamedThing alopecia-epilepsy-pyorrhea-intellectual disability syndrome Alopecia-epilepsy-pyorrhea-intellectual disability syndrome is characterized by congenital permanent alopecia universalis, intellectual disability, psychomotor epilepsy and periodontitis (pyorrhea). Total permanent alopecia and pyorrhea are invariably concomitant while intellectual disability and psychomotor epilepsy are observed in most patients. No other abnormality of nails or skin (apart from absence of hair) has been reported. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007805 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 2 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDSN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008756 biolink:NamedThing alopecia - intellectual disability syndrome An extremely rare syndrome described in less than 20 families to date and characterized by total or partial alopecia associated with intellectual deficit. The syndrome can be associated with other anomalies such as seizures, sensorineural hearing loss, delayed psychomotor development, and/or hypertonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010206 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 8 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LPAR6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010922 biolink:NamedThing Satoyoshi syndrome Satoyoshi syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by progressive, painful, intermittent muscle spasms. These muscle spasms usually start between 6-15 years old. Other symptoms of the syndrome may include diarrhea and an inability of the digestive tract to absorb certain foods, especially carbohydrates (malabsorption). People affected by Satoyoshi syndrome may also have loss of hair on the head and body (alopecia universalis), short stature, and skeletal abnormalities. Women with Satoyoshi syndrome may not have a menstrual cycle (amenorrhea). In all published cases, only one person in a family has Satoyoshi syndrome. This is even true when the person with Satoyoshi syndrome comes from a large family. Satoyoshi syndrome seems to be more common in Japan. The exact cause of the syndrome is unknown, but some researchers think it may be an autoimmune disease. Satoyoshi syndrome can be diagnosed when a doctor sees symptoms that are consistent with the syndrome. The diagnosis can be confirmed by a variety of laboratory tests. Treatment for Satoyoshi syndrome includes medication to suppress the immune system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011218 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011452 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 7 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LIPH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011549 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 1 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the APCDD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011899 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome-like disorder with loose anagen hair Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair (NS/LAH) is a Noonan-related syndrome, characterized by facial anomalies suggestive of Noonan syndrome ; a distinctive hair anomaly described as loose anagen hair syndrome ; frequent congenital heart defects; distinctive skin features with darkly pigmented skin, keratosis pilaris, eczema or occasional neonatal ichtyosis ; and short stature, often associated with a GH deficiency and psychomotor delays. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011932 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 6 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSG4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012794 biolink:NamedThing ANE syndrome ANE syndrome is a rare, genetic, neuro-endocrino-cutaneous disorder characterized by highly variable degrees of alopecia, moderate to severe intellectual disability, progressive, late-onset motor deterioration and combined anterior pituitary hormone deficiency, manifesting with central hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, delayed or absent puberty, growth hormone deficiency (resulting in short stature), progressive central adrenal insufficiency and a hypoplastic anterior pituitary gland. Additional features include hypodontia, flexural reticulate hyperpigmentation, gynecomastia, microcephaly and kyphoscoliosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013268 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal dysplasia with alopecia and genital anomaly Frontonasal dysplasia with alopecia and genital anomaly is a new phenotype of frontonasal dysplasia associated with total alopecia and hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013514 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 3 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT74 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013649 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 9 A hypotrichosis that has material basis in an autosomal recessive mutation on chromosome 10q11.23-q22.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013650 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 10 A hypotrichosis that has material basis in an autosomal recessive mutation on chromosome 7p22.3-p21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014027 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 11 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SNRPE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014384 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 12 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPL21 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014608 biolink:NamedThing mandibulofacial dysostosis with alopecia A syndrome characterized by malar and mandibular hypoplasia, typically associated with abnormalities of the ears and eyelids, and with alopecia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018657 biolink:NamedThing pigmentation defects-palmoplantar keratoderma-skin carcinoma syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022113 biolink:NamedThing central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023043 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia alopecia preaxial polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800198 biolink:NamedThing alopecia universalis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000009 biolink:NamedThing inherited bleeding disorder, platelet-type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002243 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhagic disease Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a defect in clotting mechanisms (blood coagulation disorders) or another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood vessels (hemostatic disorders). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002244 biolink:NamedThing factor VII deficiency A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor VII activity in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002247 biolink:NamedThing factor X deficiency A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor X activity in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002610 biolink:NamedThing purpura A small blood vessel hemorrhage into the skin and/or mucous membranes. Newer lesions appear reddish in color. Older lesions are usually a darker purple color and eventually become a brownish-yellow color. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003159 biolink:NamedThing vascular hemostatic disease Pathological processes involving the integrity of blood circulation. Hemostasis depends on the integrity of blood vessels, blood fluidity, and blood coagulation. Majority of the hemostatic disorders are caused by disruption of the normal interaction between the vascular endothelium, the plasma proteins (including blood coagulation factors), and platelets. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009210 biolink:NamedThing congenital factor V deficiency Congenital factor V deficiency is an inherited bleeding disorder due to reduced plasma levels of factor V (FV) and characterized by mild to severe bleeding symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009234 biolink:NamedThing congenital high-molecular-weight kininogen deficiency A rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by prolonged partial thromboplastin time and absence of bleeding diathesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009315 biolink:NamedThing congenital factor XII deficiency Congenital factor XII deficiency is an autosomal recessive systemic dysfunction of the hemostatic pathway, that is due to a defect in the coagulation factor XII (FXII or Hageman factor), and is either asymptomatic or characterized by a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and an increased risk for thromboembolism. FXII deficiency is strongly associated with primary recurrent abortions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009883 biolink:NamedThing alpha-2-plasmin inhibitor deficiency Congenital alpha2 antiplasmin deficiency is a rare hemorrhagic disorder caused by congenital deficiency of alpha2 antiplasmin, leading to dysregulated fibrinolysis and is characterized by a hemorrhagic tendency presenting from childhood with prolonged bleeding and ecchymoses following minor trauma and spontaneous bleeding episodes (often in unusual locations like diaphysis of long bones). Congenital alpha2 antiplasmin deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010602 biolink:NamedThing hemophilia A The most common form of hemophilia characterized by spontaneous or prolonged hemorrhages due to factor VIII deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010604 biolink:NamedThing hemophilia B Hemophilia B is a form of hemophilia characterized by spontaneous or prolonged hemorrhages due to factor IX deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011615 biolink:NamedThing East Texas bleeding disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012897 biolink:NamedThing congenital factor XI deficiency Congenital factor XI deficiency is an inherited bleeding disorder characterized by reduced levels and activity of factor XI (FXI) resulting in moderate bleeding symptoms, usually occurring after trauma or surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012901 biolink:NamedThing inherited prekallikrein deficiency An instance of prekallikrein deficiency that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013227 biolink:NamedThing congenital plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 deficiency Congenital plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) deficiency is a rare genetic bleeding disorder characterized by premature lysis of hemostatic clots and a moderate bleeding tendency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013775 biolink:NamedThing thrombomodulin-related bleeding disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015722 biolink:NamedThing congenital vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors deficiency Congenital vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors deficiency involving multiple coagulation factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015801 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhagic disease due to alpha-1-antitrypsin Pittsburgh mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017837 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis-ichthyosis-factor VIII deficiency syndrome Multiple sclerosis-ichthyosis-factor VIII deficiency syndrome is characterized by the association of multiple sclerosis with lamellar ichthyosis and hematological anomalies (beta thalassemia minor and a quantitative deficit of factor VIII-von Willebrand complex). Other clinical manifestations may include eye involvement (optic atrophy, diplopia), neuromuscular involvement (ataxia, pyramidal syndrome, gait disturbance) and sensory disorder. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018029 biolink:NamedThing congenital factor XIII deficiency Congenital factor XIII deficiency is an inherited bleeding disorder due to reduced levels and activity of factor XIII (FXIII) and characterized by hemorrhagic diathesis frequently associated with spontaneous abortions and defective wound healing. Factor XIII deficiency is one of the most rare coagulation factor deficiencies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018060 biolink:NamedThing congenital fibrinogen deficiency Congenital deficiencies of fibrinogen are coagulation disorders characterized by bleeding symptoms ranging from mild to severe resulting from reduced quantity and/or quality of circulating fibrinogen. Afibrinogenemia (complete absence of fibrinogen) and hypofibrinogenemia (reduced plasma fibrinogen concentration) correspond to quantitative anomalies of fibrinogen while dysfibrinogenemia corresponds to a functional anomaly of fibrinogen. Hypo- and dysfibrinogenemia may be frequently combined (hypodysfibrinogenemia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018175 biolink:NamedThing combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII Combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII is an inherited bleeding disorder due to the reduction in activity and antigen levels of both factor V (FV) and factor VIII (FVIII) and characterized by mild-to-moderate bleeding symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019139 biolink:NamedThing acquired hemophilia Acquired hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that interferes with the body's blood clotting process. Signs and symptoms include prolonged bleeding, frequent nosebleeds, bruising throughout the body, solid swellings of congealed blood (hematomas), hematuria, and gastrointestinal or urologic bleeding. Acquired hemophilia occurs when the body's immune system attacks and disables a certain protein that helps the blood clot. About half of the cases are associated with other conditions, such as pregnancy, autoimmune disease, cancer, skin diseases, or allergic reactions to medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019415 biolink:NamedThing fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is a blood disorder that affects pregnant women and their babies. NAIT was first reported in the literature in 1953 and is estimated to occur in as many as 1 in 1200 live births. NAIT results in the destruction of platelets in the fetus or infant due to a mismatch between the mother's platelets and those of the baby. Certain molecules (antigens) on the surface of the baby's platelets are recognized as foreign by the mother's immune system. The mother's immune system then creates antibodies that attack and destroy the baby's platelets. Though NAIT can occur whenever the mother's blood mixes with that of the baby, it is usually triggered when the mother is exposed to the baby's blood during delivery. Many cases of NAIT are mild. Signs and symptoms may include a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) and signs of bleeding into the skin such as petechiae and purpura. In the most severe cases, NAIT can cause bleeding episodes that may result in death or long-term disability. Bleeding episodes can occur either during pregnancy or after birth. Management of the infant with neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia may include platelet transfusions, ultrasounds, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Treatment for pregnant mothers at risk for NAIT may include IVIG and steroids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019565 biolink:NamedThing hereditary von Willebrand disease Hereditary von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a genetic anomaly leading to quantitative, structural or functional abnormalities of the Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF). Two major groups of VWF deficiency have been defined: quantitative and partial (type 1) or total (type 3), and qualitative (type 2) with several subtypes (2A, 2B, 2M, 2N). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020460 biolink:NamedThing acquired von willebrand syndrome Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) is a bleeding disorder marked by the same biological anomalies as those seen in hereditary von Willebrand disease (VWD) but which occurs in association with another underlying pathology, generally in elderly patients without any personal or family history of bleeding anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024307 biolink:NamedThing prothrombin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850054 biolink:NamedThing hemophilia B leyden DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002245 biolink:NamedThing blood platelet disease Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001197 biolink:NamedThing qualitative platelet defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002049 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia A laboratory test result indicating that there is an abnormally small number of platelets in the circulating blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002249 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytosis disease A disease characterized by higher than normal platelet counts in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100487 biolink:NamedThing TPM4-related platelet disorder A platelet disorder in which the cause of the disease is a variant in the TPM4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003847 biolink:NamedThing hereditary disease A disease that is caused by genetic modifications where those modifications are inherited from a parent's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000032 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000044 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets Hypophosphatemic rickets is a group of genetic diseases characterized by hypophosphatemia, rickets, and normal serum levels of calcium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000045 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000062 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia A microphthalmia that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000104 biolink:NamedThing anemia, hypochromic microcytic with iron overload DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000111 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000114 biolink:NamedThing cerebelloparenchymal disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000115 biolink:NamedThing Chiari malformation A rare genetic brain malformation characterized by displacement of the brain stem and cerebellum through the foramen magnum. It may result in hydrocephalus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000137 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, megalencephalic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000148 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, telomere-related DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000158 biolink:NamedThing developmental dysplasia of the hip A spectrum of hip abnormalities commonly presenting in infancy involving the relationship between the femoral head and the acetabulum and that includes subluxation or dislocation at rest or upon provocation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000159 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow failure syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000166 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000172 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000173 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000192 biolink:NamedThing polyglucosan body myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000200 biolink:NamedThing Zimmermann-Laband syndrome Zimmermann-Laband syndrome (ZLS) is a rare disorder characterized by gingival fibromatosis, coarse facial appearance, and absence or hypoplasia of nails or terminal phalanges of hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000213 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, multisystem, infantile-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000334 biolink:NamedThing multinodular goiter Nodular goiter characterized by more than one discrete tissue mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000355 biolink:NamedThing Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) is characterized by early-onset, generalized and slowly progressive muscle weakness, multiple proximal joint contractures, marked hypermobility of the distal joints and normal intelligence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000358 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000389 biolink:NamedThing atelosteogenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000425 biolink:NamedThing X-linked disease X-linked form of disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000428 biolink:NamedThing Y-linked disease Y-linked form of disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000429 biolink:NamedThing autosomal genetic disease A monogenic disease that is has material basis in a mutation in a single gene on one of the non-sex chromosomes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000453 biolink:NamedThing short QT syndrome A genetic disease of the electrical system of the heart that consists of a constellation of signs and symptoms, consisting of a short QT interval on an EKG (< 300 ms) that does not significantly change with heart rate, tall and peaked T waves, and a structurally normal heart. Short QT syndrome appears to be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, and a few affected families have been identified DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000700 biolink:NamedThing familial hemiplegic migraine A migraine disorder characterized by individual and family history of aura that includes motor weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000723 biolink:NamedThing stutter disorder A speech disorder characterized by frequent sound or syllable repetitions, sound prolongations, or other dysfluencies that are inappropriate for the individual's age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000724 biolink:NamedThing specific language impairment A language disorder characterized by difficulty in language acquisition despite otherwise normal development and in the absence of any obvious explanatory factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000733 biolink:NamedThing cornea plana DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000819 biolink:NamedThing anencephaly A rare neural tube defect during pregnancy, resulting in the absence of a large portion of the brain and skull in the fetus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000824 biolink:NamedThing congenital diarrhea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000904 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001029 biolink:NamedThing Klippel-Feil syndrome A congenital, musculoskeletal condition characterized by the fusion of at least two vertebrae of the neck. Common symptoms include a short neck, low hairline at the back of the head, and restricted mobility of the upper spine. This syndrome can cause chronic headaches as well as pain in both the neck and the back.Other features may involve various other body parts or systems. Sometimes, KFS occurs as a feature of another disorder or syndrome, such as Wildervanck syndrome or hemifacial microsomia. In these cases, people have the features of both KFS and the additional disorder. KFS may be caused by mutations in the GDF6 or GDF3 gene and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner; or, it may be caused by mutations in the MEOX1 gene and inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is symptomatic and may include medications, surgery, and/or physical therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001115 biolink:NamedThing familial polycythemia Polycythemia that occurs in groups of related individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001347 biolink:NamedThing facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy An autosomal dominant disorder affecting the skeletal muscles of the face, scapula, and upper arm. Patients present with muscle weakness in these anatomic areas. The muscle weakness eventually spreads to other skeletal muscles as well. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001384 biolink:NamedThing myopia The condition in which the individual does not see far distances clearly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001490 biolink:NamedThing corneal granular dystrophy A stromal corneal dystrophy that is caused by mutation(s) in the TGFBI gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001713 biolink:NamedThing inherited aplastic anemia An inborn condition characterized by deficiencies of red cell precursors that sometimes also includes leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002010 biolink:NamedThing FG syndrome FG syndrome (FGS) is a genetic condition that affects many parts of the body and occurs almost exclusively in males. 'FG' represents the surname initials of the firstindividuals diagnosed with the disorder.People withFG syndrome frequently have intellectual disability ranging from mild to severe, hypotonia, constipation and/or anal anomalies, a distinctive facial appearance, broad thumbs and great toes,alarge head compared to body size (relative macrocephaly), and abnormalities of the corpus callosum. Medical problems including heart defects, seizures, undescended testicle, and an inguinal hernia have also been reported in some affected individuals. Researchers have identified five regions of the X chromosome that are linked to FG syndrome in affected families. Mutations in the MED12 gene appears to be the most common cause of this disorder, leading to FG syndrome 1. Other genes involved with FG syndrome include FLNA (FGS2), CASK (FGS4), UPF3B (FGS6), and BRWD3 (FGS7).FGS is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern.Individualized early intervention and educational services are important so that each child can reach their fullest potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002070 biolink:NamedThing ventricular septal defect The presence of a defect (opening) in the septum that separates the two ventricles of the heart. It can be congenital or acquired. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003037 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis A congenital condition, usually due to genetic aberrations, that is characterized by a lack of hair growth on the head and/or body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003233 biolink:NamedThing essential tremor A relatively common disorder characterized by a fairly specific pattern of tremors which are most prominent in the upper extremities and neck, inducing titubations of the head. The tremor is usually mild, but when severe may be disabling. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance may occur in some families (i.e., familial tremor). (Mov Disord 1988;13(1):5-10) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003689 biolink:NamedThing familial hemolytic anemia A congenital hemolytic anemia caused by defects of the erythrocyte membrane, enzyme deficiencies, or hemoglobinopathies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004166 biolink:NamedThing hereditary fallopian tube carcinoma Fallopian tube carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients that have a history of fallopian tube carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004587 biolink:NamedThing hereditary night blindness An instance of night blindness that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004822 biolink:NamedThing bronchiectasis Segmental, irreversible dilation of the bronchial tree resulting in the accumulation of secretions which leads to obstruction. The most common cause is bacterial infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004914 biolink:NamedThing celiac artery stenosis from compression by median arcuate ligament of diaphragm A syndromic disease that involves the median arcuate ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004933 biolink:NamedThing hypoplastic left heart syndrome Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) refers to the abnormal development of the left-sided cardiac structures, resulting in obstruction to blood flow from the left ventricular outflow tract. In addition, the syndrome includes underdevelopment of the left ventricle, aorta, and aortic arch, as well as mitral atresia or stenosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004983 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure A male infertility characterized by dirsuption of the process of sperm development from diploid cells into mature haploid spermatozoa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005129 biolink:NamedThing cataract Partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes that decreases visual acuity and eventually results in blindness. Some cataracts appear in infancy or in childhood, but most develop in older individuals. (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005130 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease An autoimmune genetic disorder with an unknown pattern of inheritance that primarily affects the digestive tract. It is caused by intolerance to dietary gluten. Consumption of gluten protein triggers an immune response which damages small intestinal villi and prevents adequate absorption of nutrients. Clinical signs include abdominal cramping, diarrhea or constipation and weight loss. If untreated, the clinical course may progress to malnutrition, anemia, osteoporosis and an increased risk of intestinal malignancies. However, the prognosis is favorable with successful avoidance of gluten in the diet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005180 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease A progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by loss of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus. Signs and symptoms include tremor which is most pronounced during rest, muscle rigidity, slowing of the voluntary movements, a tendency to fall back, and a mask-like facial expression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005217 biolink:NamedThing familial cardiomyopathy An instance of cardiomyopathy that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005265 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease A spectrum of small and large bowel inflammatory diseases of unknown etiology. It includes Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and colitis of indeterminate type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005281 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder disorder A disease involving the gall bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005308 biolink:NamedThing ciliopathy A genetic disorder of the cellular cilia or the cilia anchoring structures, the basal bodies, or of ciliary function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005321 biolink:NamedThing Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the most frequent form of posterior corneal dystrophy and is characterized by excrescences on a thickened Descemet membrane (corneal guttae), generalized corneal edema, with gradually decreased visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005345 biolink:NamedThing hypospadias Hypospadias is the displacement of the urethral meatus on the ventrum of the penis. This abnormality is associated with a varyingly bent, twisted penis and opened dorsal prepuce. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005382 biolink:NamedThing bone Paget disease A disease of bone that initially results in the excessive resorption of bone (by osteoclasts) followed by the replacement of normal bone marrow with vascular and fibrous tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005445 biolink:NamedThing visceral leishmaniasis A severe form of leishmaniasis characterized by irregular bouts of fever, substantial weight loss, swelling of the spleen and liver, and anaemia (which may be serious). If left untreated it may lead to death. Two species of Leishmania are known to give rise to the visceral form of the disease. The species commonly found in East Africa and the Indian subcontinent is L. donovani and the species found in Europe, North Africa, and Latin America is L. infantum, also known as L. chagasi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005486 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis A rare developmental dental anomaly in humans characterized by the absence of six or more teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005711 biolink:NamedThing congenital diaphragmatic hernia A posterolateral defect of the diaphragm that allows passage of abdominal viscera into the thorax, leading to respiratory insufficiency and persistent pulmonary hypertension with high mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005712 biolink:NamedThing congenital nystagmus Nystagmus present at birth or caused by lesions sustained in utero or at the time of birth. It is usually pendular, and is associated with albinism and conditions characterized by early loss of central vision. Inheritance patterns may be X-linked, autosomal dominant, or recessive. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p275) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006248 biolink:NamedThing hydatidiform mole A gestational trophoblastic disorder characterized by marked enlargement of the chorionic villi, hyperplasia of the villous trophoblastic cells and hydropic changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006664 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect Interauricular communication is a congenital malformation characterized by a communication between the atrial chambers of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006761 biolink:NamedThing fibromuscular dysplasia A disorder characterized by fibrous thickening of the arterial wall resulting in narrowing of the arterial lumen. It most often affects the renal artery and less often the carotid artery and abdominal arteries. It can cause hypertension and aneurysm formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007031 biolink:NamedThing familial abdominal aortic aneurysm An instance of abdominal aortic aneurysm that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007036 biolink:NamedThing Achard syndrome A rare genetic syndrome featuring connective tissue abnormalities. Clinical signs include brachycephaly, arachnodactyly, receding mandible and joint laxity at the hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007038 biolink:NamedThing Achoo syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007049 biolink:NamedThing acroleukopathy, symmetric DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007050 biolink:NamedThing acromegaloid changes, cutis verticis gyrata, and corneal leukoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007054 biolink:NamedThing acromial dimples DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007066 biolink:NamedThing adenosine triphosphatase deficiency, anemia due to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007090 biolink:NamedThing amastia, bilateral, with ureteral triplication and dysmorphism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007091 biolink:NamedThing amelia and terminal transverse hemimelia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007096 biolink:NamedThing amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007102 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic dystonic paraplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007106 biolink:NamedThing anal sphincter dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007107 biolink:NamedThing anal sphincter myopathy, internal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007119 biolink:NamedThing isolated aniridia Isolated aniridia is a congenital bilateral ocular malformation characterized by the complete or partial absence of the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007121 biolink:NamedThing aniridia, microcornea, and spontaneously Reabsorbed cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007122 biolink:NamedThing anisocoria Unequal pupil size, which may represent a benign physiologic variant or a manifestation of disease. Pathologic anisocoria reflects an abnormality in the musculature of the iris (iris diseases) or in the parasympathetic or sympathetic pathways that innervate the pupil. Physiologic anisocoria refers to an asymmetry of pupil diameter, usually less than 2mm, that is not associated with disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007125 biolink:NamedThing ankyloglossia A developmental abnormality in which the bottom of the tongue is attached to the floor of the mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007128 biolink:NamedThing annular erythema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007132 biolink:NamedThing anonychia-ectrodactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007133 biolink:NamedThing anonychia-onychodystrophy with brachydactyly type b and ectrodactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007144 biolink:NamedThing aortic arch interruption, facial palsy, and retinal coloboma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007150 biolink:NamedThing arcus senilis A corneal disease in which there is a deposition of phospholipid and cholesterol in the corneal stroma and anterior sclera. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007151 biolink:NamedThing arms, malformation of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007153 biolink:NamedThing arteries, anomalies of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007155 biolink:NamedThing arteritis, familial granulomatous, with juvenile polyarthritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007156 biolink:NamedThing arthritis, sacroiliac DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007162 biolink:NamedThing asymmetric short stature syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007175 biolink:NamedThing PR interval, variation in DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007178 biolink:NamedThing aurocephalosyndactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007180 biolink:NamedThing Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly with partially absent eye muscles, distinctive face, hydrocephaly, and skeletal abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007183 biolink:NamedThing azotemia, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007186 biolink:NamedThing gastroesophageal reflux disease A chronic disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter. Symptoms include heartburn and acid indigestion. It may cause injury to the esophageal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007192 biolink:NamedThing beta-amino acids, renal transport of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007197 biolink:NamedThing bladder diverticulum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007199 biolink:NamedThing blepharochalasis, superior DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007206 biolink:NamedThing bone pain, periodic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007210 biolink:NamedThing Brachmann-de Lange-like facial changes with microcephaly, metatarsus adductus, and developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007228 biolink:NamedThing brachymesomelia-renal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007229 biolink:NamedThing Brachymetatarsus 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007234 biolink:NamedThing branchial myoclonus with spastic paraparesis and cerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007237 biolink:NamedThing familial juvenile hypertrophy of the breast Familial juvenile hypertrophy of the breast is a rare breast malformation disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral, symmetrical or asymmetrical, uncontrolled, rapid and massive enlargement of the breast(s) in peripubertal females, occurring in various members of a family. Additional associated manifestations may include skin hyperemia, dilated subcutaneous veins, skin necrosis, kyphosis, lordosis and anonychia. Growth and development are otherwise normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007241 biolink:NamedThing bundle branch block, familial isolated complete right DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007242 biolink:NamedThing butyrylesterase 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007246 biolink:NamedThing calcific aortic disease with immunologic abnormalities, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007253 biolink:NamedThing cancer, familial, with in vitro Radioresistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007258 biolink:NamedThing canine teeth, absence of upper permanent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007260 biolink:NamedThing Car factor deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007261 biolink:NamedThing Carabelli anomaly of maxillary molar teeth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007274 biolink:NamedThing carpal displacement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007302 biolink:NamedThing cervical hypertrichosis with underlying kyphoscoliosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007303 biolink:NamedThing cervical rib disease A rib that is attached to a cervical vertebra or enlarged transverse processes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007304 biolink:NamedThing cervical vertebral Bridge DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007305 biolink:NamedThing cervical vertebral dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007314 biolink:NamedThing chemodectoma, intraabdominal, with cutaneous angiolipomas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007323 biolink:NamedThing Chondronectin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007325 biolink:NamedThing choreoathetosis, familial inverted DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007328 biolink:NamedThing choroidal osteoma, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007329 biolink:NamedThing cirrhosis, familial Cirrhosis in which no causative agent can be identified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007344 biolink:NamedThing cluster headache, familial An instance of cluster headache syndrome that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007354 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of optic nerve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007357 biolink:NamedThing colonic varices without portal hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007358 biolink:NamedThing comedones, familial Dyskeratotic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007359 biolink:NamedThing commissural lip pits DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007370 biolink:NamedThing coracoclavicular joint, anomalous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007371 biolink:NamedThing cornea guttata with anterior polar cataracts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007373 biolink:NamedThing corneal degeneration, ribbonlike, with deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007379 biolink:NamedThing Meesmann corneal dystrophy Meesmann corneal dystrophy (MECD) is a rare form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by distinct tiny bubble-like, round-to-oval punctate bilateral opacities in the central corneal epithelium, and to a lesser extent in the peripheral cornea, with little impact on vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007390 biolink:NamedThing coumarin resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007391 biolink:NamedThing coxa vara Hip deformity in which the femoral neck leans forward resulting in a decrease in the angle between femoral neck and its shaft. It may be congenital often syndromic, acquired, or developmental. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007393 biolink:NamedThing cranioacrofacial syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007402 biolink:NamedThing creatine phosphokinase, elevated serum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007406 biolink:NamedThing cryofibrinogenemia, familial primary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007408 biolink:NamedThing cryptotia, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007418 biolink:NamedThing Darwinian tubercle of pinna DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007421 biolink:NamedThing deafness-ear malformation-facial palsy syndrome Deafness-ear malformation-facial palsy syndrome is characterized by profound conductive deafness due to stapedial abnormalities associated with variable malformations of the external ears and facial paralysis. It has been described in three sibs and their mother. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007423 biolink:NamedThing deafness, mid-tone neural DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007425 biolink:NamedThing deafness, sensorineural, with peripheral neuropathy and arterial disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007426 biolink:NamedThing deafness, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007427 biolink:NamedThing deafness with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007430 biolink:NamedThing dens evaginatus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007431 biolink:NamedThing dens in dente and palatal invaginations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007433 biolink:NamedThing dementia/parkinsonism with non-Alzheimer amyloid plaques DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007434 biolink:NamedThing primary failure of tooth eruption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007436 biolink:NamedThing dentin dysplasia type I Dentin dysplasia type I (DD-I) is a rare form of dentin dysplasia (DD) characterized by sharp conical short roots or rootless teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007437 biolink:NamedThing dentin dysplasia type II Dentin dysplasia type II (DD-II) is a rare mild form of dentin dysplasia (DD) characterized by normal tooth roots but abnormal primary dentition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007438 biolink:NamedThing dentin dysplasia-sclerotic bones syndrome Dentin dysplasia-sclerotic bones syndrome is a rare, genetic odontologic disease characterized by the clinical, radiographic, and histologic features of dentine dysplasia and osteosclerosis of all long bones, with heavy cortical bone and narrowed or occluded marrow spaces. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1977. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007439 biolink:NamedThing deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007440 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007441 biolink:NamedThing dentinogenesis imperfecta type 2 Dentinogenesis imperfecta type 2 (DGI-2) is a rare, severe form of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and is characterized by weakness and discoloration of all teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007442 biolink:NamedThing dentinogenesis imperfecta type 3 Dentinogenesis imperfecta type 3 (DGI-3) is a rare, severe form of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) characterized by opalescent primary and permanent teeth, marked attrition, large pulp chambers, multiple pulp exposure and shell teeth radiographically (i.e. teeth which appear hollow due to dentin hypotrophy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007444 biolink:NamedThing dermal Ridges, patternless DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007456 biolink:NamedThing diarrhea, glucose-stimulated secretory, with common variable immunodeficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007457 biolink:NamedThing diastema, dental medial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007459 biolink:NamedThing dilution, pigmentary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007460 biolink:NamedThing discrimination, Two-point, reduction 1N DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007463 biolink:NamedThing distal osteosclerosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007465 biolink:NamedThing distichiasis with congenital anomalies of the heart and peripheral vasculature DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007466 biolink:NamedThing DNA, satellite, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007467 biolink:NamedThing DNA, low-repetitive sequences of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007469 biolink:NamedThing double nail for fifth toe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007473 biolink:NamedThing Duane retraction syndrome Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) is a congenital form of strabismus characterized by horizontal eye movement limitation, globe retraction and palpebral fissure narrowing in attempted adduction. It is caused by a failure of development of the abducens nerve and can lead to amblyopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007474 biolink:NamedThing duodenal ulcer due to antral G-cell hyperfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007475 biolink:NamedThing duodenal ulcer, hyperpepsinogenemic 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007479 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism, Levi type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007480 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism with stiff joints and ocular abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007491 biolink:NamedThing dystelephalangy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007497 biolink:NamedThing ear antitragus, tag at base of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007498 biolink:NamedThing ear exostoses DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007499 biolink:NamedThing ear folding DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007500 biolink:NamedThing ear malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007501 biolink:NamedThing preauricular fistulae, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007502 biolink:NamedThing ear pits, posterior helical DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007504 biolink:NamedThing thickened earlobes-conductive deafness syndrome Thickened earlobes-conductive deafness syndrome is characterized by microtia with thickened ear lobes, micrognathia and conductive hearing loss due to congenital ossicular anomalies. It has been described in two families. The mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007505 biolink:NamedThing earring holes, natural DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007512 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia syndrome with distinctive facial appearance and preaxial polydactyly of feet DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007513 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia with adrenal cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007515 biolink:NamedThing ectopia pupillae DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007516 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly and ectodermal dysplasia without cleft lip/palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007517 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly-cleft palate syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007518 biolink:NamedThing edema, familial idiopathic, prepubertal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007530 biolink:NamedThing electroencephalographic peculiarity: 14 and 6 per sec. positive spike phenomenon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007531 biolink:NamedThing electroencephalographic peculiarity: fronto-precentral beta wave groups DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007535 biolink:NamedThing emphysema, hereditary pulmonary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007543 biolink:NamedThing enolase, sperm specific DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007544 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilia, familial Familial occurrence, with more than one generation being affected, of persistent eosinophilia, an increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood, in the absence of known causal factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007545 biolink:NamedThing Eosinophilopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007547 biolink:NamedThing epidermoid cysts The most common type of cutaneous cyst. It results from the proliferation of epidermal cells in a circumscribed space within the dermis. It is usually asymptomatic and presents as a firm, round nodule. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007553 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa with deficiency of galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007557 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa with congenital localized absence of skin and deformity of nails DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007569 biolink:NamedThing erythema nodosum, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007577 biolink:NamedThing esophageal ring, lower DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007581 biolink:NamedThing exchondrosis of pinna, posterior DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007584 biolink:NamedThing exostoses-anetodermia-brachydactyly type E syndrome Exostoses-anetodermia-brachydactyly type E syndrome is an association reported in a single kindred characterized by the variable presence of the following features: anetodermia (macular atrophy of the skin), multiple exostoses, and brachydactyly type E. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007593 biolink:NamedThing facial spasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007597 biolink:NamedThing factor VIII and Factor IX, combined deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007598 biolink:NamedThing factors VIII, IX and XI, combined deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007599 biolink:NamedThing factor 9 and Factor XI, combined deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007605 biolink:NamedThing fibrinolytic defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007614 biolink:NamedThing congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007616 biolink:NamedThing fibula, recurrent dislocation of head of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007623 biolink:NamedThing flushing of ears and somnolence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007625 biolink:NamedThing focal epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007626 biolink:NamedThing familial congenital palsy of trochlear nerve An instance of fourth cranial nerve palsy that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007629 biolink:NamedThing fragile site 10Q23 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007633 biolink:NamedThing Friedreich ataxia, so-called, with optic atrophy and sensorineural deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007634 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, FRA12A type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007638 biolink:NamedThing fucosidase regulator DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007643 biolink:NamedThing gamma-A-globulin, defect in assembly of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007647 biolink:NamedThing gastric volvulus, intrathoracic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007649 biolink:NamedThing gastric juice peptides DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007652 biolink:NamedThing gastric mucosal hypertrophy MC)nC)trier disease (MD) is a rare premalignant hyperproliferative gastropathy characterized by massive overgrowth of foveolar cells in the gastric lining, resulting in large gastric folds, and manifesting with epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, peripheral edema and, less commonly, anorexia and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007654 biolink:NamedThing genu valgum, st. Helena familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007657 biolink:NamedThing giant neutrophil leukocytes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007661 biolink:NamedThing Tourette syndrome A neurologic disorder caused by defective metabolism of the neurotransmitters in the brain. It is characterized by repeated involuntary movements (motor tics) and uncontrollable vocal sounds (vocal tics). The symptoms are usually manifested before the age of eighteen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007668 biolink:NamedThing globulin anomaly involving beta (2A)-globulin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007673 biolink:NamedThing Glucoglycinuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007674 biolink:NamedThing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-like DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007675 biolink:NamedThing glutamic acid decarboxylase, brain, membrane form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007676 biolink:NamedThing glutathione transferase activity toward trans-stilbene oxide DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007677 biolink:NamedThing hyperglycinuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007682 biolink:NamedThing granddad syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007683 biolink:NamedThing Grant syndrome Grant syndrome is a rare osteogenesis imperfecta-like disorder, described in two patients to date, characterized clinically by persistent wormian bones, blue sclera, mandibular hypoplasia, shallow glenoid fossa, and campomelia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007685 biolink:NamedThing granulosis rubra nasi DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007687 biolink:NamedThing graying of hair, precocious DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007689 biolink:NamedThing guanylate kinase 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007694 biolink:NamedThing hairy nose tip DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007695 biolink:NamedThing hairy palms and soles DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007697 biolink:NamedThing hand clasping pattern DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007706 biolink:NamedThing cavernous hemangiomas of face-supraumbilical midline raphe syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007708 biolink:NamedThing Kasabach-Merritt syndrome Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS), also known as hemangioma-thrombocytopenia syndrome, is a rare disorder characterized by profound thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and subsequent consumptive coagulopathy in association with vascular tumors, particularly kaposiform hemangioendothelioma or tufted angioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007709 biolink:NamedThing hematuria, benign familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007715 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic poikilocytic anemia due to reduced ankyrin binding sites DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007717 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin--variants for which the chain carrying the mutation 1S unknown or uncertain DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007720 biolink:NamedThing hernia, double inguinal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007722 biolink:NamedThing heterochromia iridis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007730 biolink:NamedThing histiocytic dermatoarthritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007736 biolink:NamedThing HPA 1 Recognition polymorphism, beta-globin-related DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007742 biolink:NamedThing 5-hydroxytryptamine oxygenase regulator DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007746 biolink:NamedThing orthostatic hypotensive disorder, Streeten type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007752 biolink:NamedThing hyperheparinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007753 biolink:NamedThing Frey syndrome An autonomic disorder characterized by excessive sweating of the forehead, upper lip, perioral region, or sternum subsequent to gustatory stimuli. The auriculotemporal syndrome features facial flushing or sweating limited to the distribution of the auriculotemporal nerve and may develop after trauma to the parotid gland, in association with parotid neoplasms, or following their surgical removal. (From Ann Neurol 1997 Dec;42(6):973-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007754 biolink:NamedThing hyperhidrosis palmaris ET plantaris DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007755 biolink:NamedThing hyperimmunoglobulin G1(A1) syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007760 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipoproteinemia, type II, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007765 biolink:NamedThing hyperostosis cranialis interna DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007769 biolink:NamedThing hyperpigmentation of eyelid Over-production of pigment in the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007770 biolink:NamedThing hyperpigmentation of Fuldauer and Kuijpers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007773 biolink:NamedThing hyperproglucagonemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007774 biolink:NamedThing hyperreflexia An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007775 biolink:NamedThing hypersecretion of adrenal androgens, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007776 biolink:NamedThing hypersensitivity pneumonitis, familial An instance of hypersensitivity pneumonitis that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007777 biolink:NamedThing hypertaurinuric cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007782 biolink:NamedThing hyperthermia, cutaneous, with headaches and nausea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007785 biolink:NamedThing hyperthyroxinemia, dystransthyretinemic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007789 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophia musculorum vera DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007799 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic bone disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007807 biolink:NamedThing hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase suppressor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007820 biolink:NamedThing fused mandibular incisors Fused manidbular incisors is an extremely rare dental anomaly that is characterized by the union of two, normally separated, incisor tooth germs of the primary dentition. It is frequently associated with hypodontia and an increased risk of pulp exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007824 biolink:NamedThing incisors, lower central, absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007825 biolink:NamedThing incisors, rotation of upper central DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007826 biolink:NamedThing incisors, shovel-shaped DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007828 biolink:NamedThing indifference to pain, congenital, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007830 biolink:NamedThing insensitivity to pain with hyperplastic Myelinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007831 biolink:NamedThing insect Stings, hypersensitivity to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007832 biolink:NamedThing interferon antiviral depressor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007833 biolink:NamedThing iris pigment layer, cleavage of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007834 biolink:NamedThing islet cell adenomatosis A sporadic or inherited disorder characterized by the focal or diffuse proliferation of the cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It results in hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007835 biolink:NamedThing intussusception Telescoping or invagination of a part of the intestine into an adjacent segment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007840 biolink:NamedThing internal carotid artery, spontaneous dissection of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007847 biolink:NamedThing keloid formation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007849 biolink:NamedThing keratitis fugax hereditaria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007855 biolink:NamedThing keratosis, familial actinic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007865 biolink:NamedThing knuckle pads DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007869 biolink:NamedThing Kyrle disease Kyrle disease is rare condition that affects the skin. People with this condition generally develop large papules with central keratin (a protein found in the skin, hair and nails) plugs throughout their body. These lesions are typically not painful but may cause severe itching. Although it can affect both men and women throughout life, the average age of onset is 30 years. The cause of the disease is currently unknown; however, it is often associated with certain conditions such as diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, liver abnormalities, and congestive heart failure. In some families, the condition appears to be inherited but an underlying genetic cause has not been identified. Treatment aims to address the associated signs and symptoms and any additional disease that may be present. Lesions often heal spontaneously but new ones continue to develop. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007870 biolink:NamedThing labia minora, incomplete adhesion of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007873 biolink:NamedThing lactic acidosis, chronic adult form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007877 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal adductor paralysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007882 biolink:NamedThing lattice degeneration of retina leading to retinal detachment DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007883 biolink:NamedThing periodic fever, immunodeficiency, and thrombocytopenia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007884 biolink:NamedThing leg ulcers, familial, of juvenile onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007890 biolink:NamedThing lentiginosis, centrofacial neurodysraphic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007898 biolink:NamedThing leukocyte nuclear appendages, hereditary prevalence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007901 biolink:NamedThing levator-medial rectus synkinesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007905 biolink:NamedThing lip, hamartomatous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007910 biolink:NamedThing lipoprotein types--Lt system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007911 biolink:NamedThing lipoprotein, variant of beta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007912 biolink:NamedThing lithium transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007913 biolink:NamedThing low density lipoprotein, variation in molecular weight of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007914 biolink:NamedThing lumbar stenosis, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007923 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly, benign familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007941 biolink:NamedThing malocclusion due to protuberant upper front teeth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007942 biolink:NamedThing Mammastatin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007945 biolink:NamedThing mannose 6-phosphate receptor recognition defect, Lebanese type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007948 biolink:NamedThing marfanoid hypermobility syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007951 biolink:NamedThing masticatory muscles, hypertrophy of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007952 biolink:NamedThing maxillofacial dysostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007955 biolink:NamedThing Meckel diverticulum A congenital pouch in the distal ileum. It may cause painless rectal bleeding and bowel obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007957 biolink:NamedThing mediosternal depigmentation line DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007962 biolink:NamedThing megalodactyly A condition in which a finger or toe is larger than normal size secondary to excessive growth of the anatomical structures or abnormal accumulation of substances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007968 biolink:NamedThing melanoma tumor antigen Gp90 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007973 biolink:NamedThing mental and growth retardation with amblyopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007976 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dwarfism of hypoplastic tibia and radius type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007980 biolink:NamedThing metachromasia of fibroblasts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007985 biolink:NamedThing metatarsus varus, type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007996 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, isolated, with corectopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007997 biolink:NamedThing microspherophakia with hernia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007998 biolink:NamedThing microspherophakia-metaphyseal dysplasia syndrome Microspherophakia - metaphyseal dysplasia is a very rare syndrome associating bone dysplasia with micromelic dwarfism and eye defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008001 biolink:NamedThing milia, multiple eruptive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008007 biolink:NamedThing tooth ankylosis Dental ankylosis is a rare disorder characterized by the fusion of the tooth to the bone, preventing both eruption and orthodontic movement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008010 biolink:NamedThing antigen defined by monoclonal antibody Aj9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008011 biolink:NamedThing antigen defined by monoclonal antibody T87 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008012 biolink:NamedThing Monophalangy of great toe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008014 biolink:NamedThing nondisjunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008020 biolink:NamedThing multiple exostoses with spastic tetraparesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008022 biolink:NamedThing muscle cramps, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008027 biolink:NamedThing muscular atrophy, malignant neurogenic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008029 biolink:NamedThing Bethlem myopathy A usually autosomal dominant inherited movement disorder caused by mutations in the COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 genes. It is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and joint stiffness in the fingers, wrists, elbows, and ankles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008035 biolink:NamedThing muscular hypoplasia, congenital universal, of Krabbe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008037 biolink:NamedThing myelinated optic nerve fibers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008051 biolink:NamedThing tubular aggregate myopathy Tubular aggregate myopathy is a disorder that affects the skeletal muscles. Signs and symptoms typically begin in childhood and worsen over time. The leg muscles are most often affected, but the arm muscles may also be involved. Symptoms include muscle pain, cramping, weakness or stiffness; and exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Affected individuals may have an unusual walking style (gait) or difficulty running, climbing stairs, or getting up from a squatting position. Some individuals develop contractures. This condition may be caused by mutations in the STIM1 or ORAI1 genes. It is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, but autosomal recessive inheritance has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008052 biolink:NamedThing myopathy with storage of glycoproteins and Glycosaminoglycans DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008063 biolink:NamedThing nasal alar collapse, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008064 biolink:NamedThing nasal bones, absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008065 biolink:NamedThing nasal groove, familial transverse DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008066 biolink:NamedThing nasal hyperpigmentation, familial transverse DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008079 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis-pheochromocytoma-duodenal carcinoid syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008084 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, congenital, with arthrogryposis multiplex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008088 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, with paraprotein in serum, cerebrospinal fluid and urine DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008089 biolink:NamedThing neutropenia, chronic familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008095 biolink:NamedThing nevus anemicus A capillary vascular anomaly that is characterized by hypopigmented macules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008096 biolink:NamedThing nevus flammeus of nape of neck DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008100 biolink:NamedThing nipples inverted DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008101 biolink:NamedThing familial supernumerary nipples Familial supernumerary nipples is a rare breast malformation characterized by the presence, in various members of a single family, of one or more nipple(s) and/or their related tissue, in addition to the normal bilateral chest nipples. The anomaly is usually situated along the embryonic milk line, from axillae to inguinal regions, but other locations are also possible. Association with dental abnormalities, Becker nevus, renal or underlying breast tissue malignancy and genitourinary malformations has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008103 biolink:NamedThing noduli Cutanei, multiple, with urinary tract abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008105 biolink:NamedThing nose, anomalous shape of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008108 biolink:NamedThing oculocerebrocutaneous syndrome Oculocerebrocutaneous syndrome (OCCS) is a rare congenital disorder associated with an intellectual disability and is typically characterized by the triad of eye, central nervous system and skin malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008114 biolink:NamedThing obsessive-compulsive disorder A disorder characterized by the presence of persistent and recurrent irrational thoughts (obsessions), resulting in marked anxiety and repetitive excessive behaviors (compulsions) as a way to try to decrease that anxiety. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008121 biolink:NamedThing onychogryposis, pedal, with keratosis plantaris and coarse hair DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008124 biolink:NamedThing omphalocele, autosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008127 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmomandibulomelic dysplasia Ophthalmomandibulomelic dysplasia is characterized by complete blindness due to corneal opacities, difficult mastication due to temporomandibular fusion and anomalies of the arms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008128 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegia, familial static DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008129 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegia, familial total, with iris transillumination DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008140 biolink:NamedThing ossified ear cartilages DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008141 biolink:NamedThing ossicular malformations, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008160 biolink:NamedThing osteosclerosis with ichthyosis and fractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008163 biolink:NamedThing otofaciocervical syndrome Otofaciocervical syndrome is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by distinct facial features (long triangular face, broad forehead, narrow nose and mandible, high arched palate), prominent, dysmorphic ears (low-set and cup-shaped with large conchae and hypoplastic tragus, antitragus and lobe), long neck, preauricular and/or branchial fistulas and/or cysts, hypoplastic cervical muscles with sloping shoulders and clavicles, winged, low, and laterally-set scapulae, hearing impairment and mild intellectual deficit. Vertebral defects and short stature may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008166 biolink:NamedThing ovalocytosis, hereditary hemolytic, with defective erythropoiesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008169 biolink:NamedThing osteochondrodysplasia, rhizomelic, with callosal agenesis, thrombocytopenia, hydrocephalus, and hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008181 biolink:NamedThing palmaris longus muscle, absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008185 biolink:NamedThing hereditary chronic pancreatitis Hereditary chronic pancreatitis (HCP), a rare inherited form of pancreatitis is defined as recurrent acute pancreatitis and/or chronic pancreatitis in two first-degree relatives or 3 or more second-degree relatives in 2 or more generations, for which no predisposing factors are identified. HCP is characterized by irreversible damage to both exocrine and endocrine components of the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008186 biolink:NamedThing pancytopenia and occlusive vascular disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008188 biolink:NamedThing papillomatosis, confluent and reticulated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008189 biolink:NamedThing papillomatosis, florid, of nipple A rare benign neoplasm that arises in the area of the nipple. Clinically, it usually presents as a tender erythematous crusting lesion with hardening of the nipple. Morphologically, there is proliferation of ducts lined with epithelial and myoepithelial cells and focal erosion of the epidermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008194 biolink:NamedThing Paramolar tubercle of bolk DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008202 biolink:NamedThing Parotidomegaly, hereditary bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008203 biolink:NamedThing Passovoy factor defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008208 biolink:NamedThing patella, familial recurrent dislocation of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008212 biolink:NamedThing Pechet factor deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008213 biolink:NamedThing pectus excavatum A developmental anomaly in which the lower sternum is posteriorly dislocated and concavely deformed, resulting in a funnel-shaped thorax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008216 biolink:NamedThing pelvic lipomatosis with crossed renal ectopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008226 biolink:NamedThing periodontitis, aggressive 1 A localized aggressive periodontitis, formerly called localized juvenile periodontitis. It is a destructive form of periodontitis characterized by ALVEOLAR BONE LOSS of the MOLARS and INCISORS. Inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that is characterized by rapid attachment loss and bone destruction in the presence of little local factors such as DENTAL PLAQUE and DENTAL CALCULUS. This highly destructive form of periodontitis often occurs in young people and was called early-onset periodontitis, but this disease also appears in old people. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008228 biolink:NamedThing pernicious anemia Megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B-12 deficiency due to impaired absorption. The impaired absorption of vitamin B-12 is secondary to atrophic gastritis and loss of gastric parietal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008229 biolink:NamedThing peroneal nerve, accessory deep DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008230 biolink:NamedThing peroxidase, salivary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008231 biolink:NamedThing Peyronie disease A condition characterized by hardening of the penis due to the formation of fibrous plaques on the dorsolateral aspect of the penis, usually involving the membrane (tunica albuginea) surrounding the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum penis). This may eventually cause a painful deformity of the shaft or constriction of the urethra, or both. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008232 biolink:NamedThing phagocytosis, plasma-related defect 1N DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008235 biolink:NamedThing pheochromocytoma-islet cell tumor syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008236 biolink:NamedThing phlebectasia of lips DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008238 biolink:NamedThing phosphatase, acid, of tissues DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008239 biolink:NamedThing phosphoglucomutase 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008240 biolink:NamedThing 6-phosphogluconolactonase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008241 biolink:NamedThing phosphoglycoprotein 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008242 biolink:NamedThing photomyoclonus, diabetes mellitus, deafness, nephropathy, and cerebral dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008248 biolink:NamedThing pigmented purpuric eruption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008249 biolink:NamedThing pilonidal sinus A hair-containing cyst or sinus, occurring chiefly in the coccygeal region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008252 biolink:NamedThing platelet adenylate cyclase activity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008253 biolink:NamedThing platelet aggregation, spontaneous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008254 biolink:NamedThing platelet disorder, undefined DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008255 biolink:NamedThing platelet factor 3 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008256 biolink:NamedThing platelet membrane fluidity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008257 biolink:NamedThing platelet responsiveness to adrenaline, depressed DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008258 biolink:NamedThing platelet signal processing defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008281 biolink:NamedThing polyposis, intestinal, scattered and discrete DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008282 biolink:NamedThing polyposis, intestinal, with multiple exostoses DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008284 biolink:NamedThing polyposis of gastric fundus without polyposis coli DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008285 biolink:NamedThing polyps, multiple and recurrent inflammatory fibroid, gastrointestinal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008288 biolink:NamedThing popliteal cyst A synovial cyst located in the back of the knee, in the popliteal space arising from the semimembranous bursa or the knee joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008299 biolink:NamedThing posterior column ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008304 biolink:NamedThing premature chromatid separation trait DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008307 biolink:NamedThing presenile dementia, Kraepelin type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008308 biolink:NamedThing priapism, familial idiopathic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008314 biolink:NamedThing pronation-supination of the forearm, impairment of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008317 biolink:NamedThing proteolytic capacity of plasma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008320 biolink:NamedThing Protrusio acetabuli DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008321 biolink:NamedThing pruritus, hereditary localized DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008324 biolink:NamedThing pseudoarthrogryposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008325 biolink:NamedThing Pseudoatrophoderma colli DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008330 biolink:NamedThing pseudomonilethrix DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008336 biolink:NamedThing pterygium colli, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008337 biolink:NamedThing familial pterygium of the conjunctiva Familial pterygium of the conjunctiva is a rare form of pterygium, which develops in early adulthood, characterized by a wing-like bulbar thickening of the conjunctiva in the interpalpebral fissure area that can be cured by surgical excision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008342 biolink:NamedThing pubic bone dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008343 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA-VSD) is a rare cyanotic congenital heart malformation characterized by underdevelopment of the right ventricular outflow tract and atresia of the pulmonary valve, ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary collateral vessels. Clinical features depend on the anatomic variability of the lesion and patients may be minimally symptomatic, severely cyanotic or may develop congestive heart failure. PA-VSD may represent a severe form of Tetralogy of Fallot. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008349 biolink:NamedThing pulmonic stenosis, atrial septal defect, and unique electrocardiographic abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008350 biolink:NamedThing pulmonic stenosis and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008352 biolink:NamedThing pupillary membrane, persistence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008354 biolink:NamedThing purpura simplex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008356 biolink:NamedThing radial heads, posterior dislocation of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008361 biolink:NamedThing radius, aplasia of, with cleft lip/palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008362 biolink:NamedThing ragweed sensitivity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008363 biolink:NamedThing raindrop hypopigmentation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008364 biolink:NamedThing Raynaud disease An episodic vasoconstriction resulting in discoloration of the skin and pain in the affected areas, often involving fingers or toes. Classically associated with triphasic color changes (white, blue, red) but may be biphasic. Often occurs in response to cold temperatures or emotional stress. May be primary or secondary to an underlying autoimmune disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008365 biolink:NamedThing recombinant 8 syndrome Recombinant 8 (rec(8)) syndrome, also known as San Luis Valley syndrome, is a complex chromosomal disorder that is due to a parental pericentric inversion of chromosome 8 and is characterized by major congenital heart anomalies, urogenital malformations, moderate to severe intellectual deficiency and mild craniofacial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008366 biolink:NamedThing red cell permeability defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008367 biolink:NamedThing red cell phospholipid defect with hemolysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008375 biolink:NamedThing retinal detachment An eye emergency condition which may lead to blindness if left untreated. It is characterized by the separation of the inner retina layers from the underlying pigment epithelium. Causes include trauma, advanced diabetes mellitus, high myopia, and choroid tumors. Symptoms include sudden appearance of floaters, sudden light flushes, and blurred vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008376 biolink:NamedThing retinal venous beading DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008385 biolink:NamedThing rhiny DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008391 biolink:NamedThing Robinow-Sorauf syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008394 biolink:NamedThing Silver-Russell syndrome Silver-Russell syndrome is characterized by growth retardation with antenatal onset, characteristic facies and limb asymmetry. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008398 biolink:NamedThing salivary substance, Clostridium botulinum type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008400 biolink:NamedThing salivary duct calculi Presence of small calculi in the terminal salivary ducts (salivary sand), or stones (larger calculi) found in the larger ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008424 biolink:NamedThing sella turcica, bridged DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008427 biolink:NamedThing sister chromatid exchange, frequency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008430 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia with delayed epiphyseal and carpal bone ossification DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008431 biolink:NamedThing slipped femoral capital epiphyses A developmental deformity in which the metaphysis of the femur moves proximally and anteriorly away from femur head (epiphysis) at the upper growth plate. It is most common in male adolescents and is associated with a greater risk of early osteoarthritis of the hip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008435 biolink:NamedThing Somatomedin, embryonic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008441 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia with associated extrapyramidal signs DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008444 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia, optic atrophy, and dementia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008446 biolink:NamedThing sperm protamine P4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008456 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia with rigidity and peripheral neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008459 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar atrophy with pupillary paralysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008461 biolink:NamedThing splenomegaly syndrome with splenic Germinal center hypoplasia and reduced circulating T helper cells DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008462 biolink:NamedThing split lower lip DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008463 biolink:NamedThing split-hand and split-foot with hypodontia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008475 biolink:NamedThing spondylolisthesis A condition in which there is forward displacement of a vertebral bone over the on below it. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008481 biolink:NamedThing spondylosis, cervical DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008484 biolink:NamedThing stapes ankylosis with broad thumbs and toes Stapes ankylosis with broad thumbs and toes is a very rare genetic bone disorder characterized by ankylosis of stapes, broad thumbs and halluces, conductive hearing loss and hyperopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008487 biolink:NamedThing polycystic ovary syndrome A disorder that manifests as multiple cysts on the ovaries. It results in hormonal imbalances and leads to irregular and abnormal menstrual periods, excess growth of hair, acne eruptions and obesity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008489 biolink:NamedThing sternum, premature obliteration of sutures of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008496 biolink:NamedThing storm syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008500 biolink:NamedThing striae distensae, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008505 biolink:NamedThing surface antigen, glycoprotein 75 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008506 biolink:NamedThing symphalangism of toes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008507 biolink:NamedThing surface polypeptides, anonymous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008508 biolink:NamedThing symphalangism, C. S. Lewis type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008522 biolink:NamedThing synovial chondromatosis, familial, with dwarfism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008524 biolink:NamedThing syringomas, multiple DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008526 biolink:NamedThing talonavicular coalition DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008527 biolink:NamedThing tarsal coalition DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008528 biolink:NamedThing tear protein, anodal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008529 biolink:NamedThing T-cell Subgroups, non-HLA-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008530 biolink:NamedThing teeth, odd shapes of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008532 biolink:NamedThing teeth present at birth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008533 biolink:NamedThing teeth, supernumerary An extra tooth, erupted or unerupted, resembling or unlike the other teeth in the group to which it belongs. Its presence may cause malposition of adjacent teeth or prevent their eruption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008536 biolink:NamedThing temperature-sensitive lethal mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008541 biolink:NamedThing spermatic cord torsion An emergency condition caused by the twisting of the spermatic cord which contains the vessels that provide the blood supply to the testis and surrounding structures. It manifests with acute testicular pain. If immediate medical assistance is not provided, it will lead to necrosis and loss of the testicular tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008542 biolink:NamedThing tetralogy of fallot Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital cardiac malformation that consists of an interventricular communication, also known as a ventricular septal defect, obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract, override of the ventricular septum by the aortic root, and right ventricular hypertrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008543 biolink:NamedThing tetralogy of fallot and glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008549 biolink:NamedThing thoracic dysostosis, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008561 biolink:NamedThing thumb deformity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008568 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hormone plasma membrane transport defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008573 biolink:NamedThing tibial torsion, bilateral medial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008576 biolink:NamedThing toe, fifth, number of phalanges 1N DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008577 biolink:NamedThing toe, misshapen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008578 biolink:NamedThing toe, rotated fifth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008579 biolink:NamedThing toes, relative length of first and second DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008580 biolink:NamedThing toes, space between first and second DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008581 biolink:NamedThing malposition of teeth with or without hypodontia/oligodontia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008584 biolink:NamedThing torus palatinus and torus mandibularis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008589 biolink:NamedThing tremor of intention, ataxia, and lipofuscinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008593 biolink:NamedThing trichomegaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008595 biolink:NamedThing trichoepitheliomas, multiple desmoplastic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008600 biolink:NamedThing trigger thumb A painful disability in the hand affecting the finger or thumb. It is caused by mechanical impingement of the digital flexor tendons as they pass through a narrowed retinacular pulley at the level of the metacarpal head. Thickening of the sheath and fibrocartilaginous metaplasia can occur, and nodules can form. (From Green's Operative Hand Surgery, 5th ed, p2137-58). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008604 biolink:NamedThing triphalangeal thumb with double phalanges DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008605 biolink:NamedThing triphalangeal thumb, Nonopposable DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008609 biolink:NamedThing Tristichiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008613 biolink:NamedThing Tuftsin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008614 biolink:NamedThing suppressor of tumorigenicity 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008615 biolink:NamedThing tune deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008623 biolink:NamedThing Undritz anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008624 biolink:NamedThing Upington disease Upington disease is characterised by Perthes-like pelvic anomalies (premature closure of the capital femoral epiphyses and widened femoral necks with flattened femoral heads), enchondromata and ecchondromata. It has been described in siblings from three generations of one family. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008626 biolink:NamedThing ureter, bifid or double DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008628 biolink:NamedThing ureterocele A cystic and dysplastic dilation of the distal ureter within the bladder that may extend into the bladder neck and urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008629 biolink:NamedThing urolithiasis, uric acid, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008630 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder, atony of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008635 biolink:NamedThing uterine anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008639 biolink:NamedThing vascular helix of umbilical cord DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008643 biolink:NamedThing veins, pattern of, on anterior thorax DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008648 biolink:NamedThing ventricular tachycardia, familial An instance of ventricular tachycardia that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008649 biolink:NamedThing venular insufficiency, systemic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008651 biolink:NamedThing vertebral hypoplasia with lumbar kyphosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008655 biolink:NamedThing vestibulocochlear dysfunction, progressive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008658 biolink:NamedThing virus Rd114 RNA Complementarity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008666 biolink:NamedThing volvulus of midgut A congenital abnormality in which the intestine is abnormally rotated (twisted). It may result in intestinal obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008685 biolink:NamedThing Wolff-Parkinson-white syndrome A cardiac conduction disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of ventricular pre-excitation, which is a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. Most individuals are asymptomatic; however they can experience periods of palpitations, shortness of breath or syncope during tachycardic episodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008687 biolink:NamedThing Woronets trait DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008691 biolink:NamedThing zinc, elevated plasma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008733 biolink:NamedThing familial glucocorticoid deficiency Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) is a group of primary adrenal insufficiencies characterized clinically by neonatal hyperpigmentation, hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, and recurrent infections, and biochemically by glucocorticoid deficiency without mineralocorticoid deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008738 biolink:NamedThing aganglionosis, total intestinal A complete lack of ganglia in the intestine. This is an extremely severe form of aganglionosis distinct from Hirschsprung Disease. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008739 biolink:NamedThing agenesis of cerebral white matter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008773 biolink:NamedThing amino aciduria with mental deficiency, dwarfism, muscular dystrophy, osteoporosis, and acidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008775 biolink:NamedThing Amobarbital, deficient N-hydroxylation of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008776 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis of gingiva and conjunctiva, with intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008778 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis, cutaneous bullous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008779 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis A rare, non-progressive congenital disorder characterized by multiple joint contractures which are present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008793 biolink:NamedThing angiomatosis, diffuse Corticomeningeal, of Divry and van Bogaert DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008797 biolink:NamedThing anodontia Anodontia is an extreme developmental dental anomaly characterized by the complete absence of all teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008801 biolink:NamedThing anosmia for isobutyric acid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008802 biolink:NamedThing antithrombin, familial hemorrhagic diathesis due to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008819 biolink:NamedThing arteriosclerosis, severe juvenile DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008821 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, with intellectual disability and characteristic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008834 biolink:NamedThing asthma, nasal polyps, and aspirin intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008835 biolink:NamedThing asthma, short stature, and elevated IgA DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008836 biolink:NamedThing ataxia with myoclonic epilepsy and presenile dementia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008837 biolink:NamedThing ataxia, deafness, and cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008839 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-microcephaly-cataract syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008844 biolink:NamedThing Athrombia, essential DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008845 biolink:NamedThing atonic-astatic syndrome of Foerster DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008848 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular dissociation Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the sinoatrial node and the right atrium (sa block) or between atria and ventricles (av block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008859 biolink:NamedThing berry aneurysm, cirrhosis, pulmonary emphysema, and cerebral calcification DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008860 biolink:NamedThing beta-aminoisobutyric acid, urinary excretion of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008868 biolink:NamedThing biliary malformation with renal tubular insufficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008880 biolink:NamedThing Bowen syndrome of multiple malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008883 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly, type A2, with microcephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008885 biolink:NamedThing Elsahy-Waters syndrome An extremely rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome, described in three boys from one family, and characterized by intellectual disability, hypertelorism, broad and flat nasal bridge, maxillary hypoplasia, mandibular prognathism, bifid uvula or partial cleft palate, multiple dental cysts, Schmorl nodes, fused cervical spinous processes, pectus excavatum, and penoscrotal hypospadias. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1971. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008886 biolink:NamedThing Sabinas brittle hair syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008902 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly-ichthyosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008909 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type i/IIx DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008910 biolink:NamedThing carboxypeptidase N deficiency An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CPN1 gene, encoding carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain. It may be characterized by episodic angioedema, chronic urticaria, asthma and/or allergic hypersensitivity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008912 biolink:NamedThing cardiac septal defects with coarctation of the aorta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008914 biolink:NamedThing cardioauditory syndrome of Sanchez Cascos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008916 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy associated with myopathy and sudden death DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008920 biolink:NamedThing carnitine deficiency, myopathic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008932 biolink:NamedThing premature centromere division DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008933 biolink:NamedThing cephalin lipidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008936 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia and neurosensory deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008937 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia, benign, with thermoanalgesia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008946 biolink:NamedThing cerebral angiopathy, dysphoric DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008949 biolink:NamedThing cerebral malformation, seizures, hypertrichosis, and overlapping fingers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008951 biolink:NamedThing cerebrocortical degeneration of infancy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008957 biolink:NamedThing cervical vertebrae, agenesis of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008959 biolink:NamedThing CHAND syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008968 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis with gallstone, ataxia, and visual disturbance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008969 biolink:NamedThing cholesterol pneumonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008976 biolink:NamedThing chondroitin-6-sulfaturia, defective cellular immunity, nephrotic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008982 biolink:NamedThing central areolar choroidal dystrophy A hereditary macular disorder, usually presenting between the ages of 30-60, characterized by a large area of atrophy in the centre of the macula and the loss or absence of photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris in this area, resulting in a progressive decrease in visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008983 biolink:NamedThing chromosomal instability with tissue-specific radiosensitivity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008986 biolink:NamedThing circumvallate placenta syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008989 biolink:NamedThing citrulline transport defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009013 biolink:NamedThing convulsive disorder, familial, with prenatal or early onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009017 biolink:NamedThing corneal degeneration, band-shaped spheroid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009022 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum, agenesis of A congenital abnormality characterized by the complete absence of the corpus callosum. It may be an isolated abnormality or associated with other central nervous system abnormalities or syndromes. Clinical manifestations vary. In cases of isolated corpus callosum agenesis, symptoms may be absent or minimal. In cases that are associated with other central nervous system abnormalities or syndromes, symptoms include developmental delays, motor coordination difficulties, and vision impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009027 biolink:NamedThing cramps, familial adolescent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009029 biolink:NamedThing cranial nerves, congenital paresis of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009030 biolink:NamedThing cranial nerves, recurrent paresis of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009037 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis with anomalies of the cranial base and digits DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009040 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-intellectual disability syndrome of 51N and Gettig DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009041 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-intellectual disability-clefting syndrome A recessive syndrome characterized by craniosynostosis, intellectual disability, seizures, choroidal coloboma, dysplastic kidneys, bat ears, cleft lip and palate, and beaked nose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009047 biolink:NamedThing cryptorchidism The failure of one or both testes of a male fetus to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum during the late part of pregnancy. If not surgically corrected in early childhood, males may be at increased risk for testicular cancer later in life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009048 biolink:NamedThing curved nail of fourth toe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009056 biolink:NamedThing cutis verticis gyrata and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009057 biolink:NamedThing cyanosis and hepatic disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009059 biolink:NamedThing cysteine Peptiduria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009060 biolink:NamedThing cystic disease of lung DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009062 biolink:NamedThing cystic fibrosis-gastritis-megaloblastic anemia syndrome A rare genetic disease reported in two siblings of consanguineous Arab parents and is characterized by cystic fibrosis, gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori, folate deficiency megaloblastic anemia, and intellectual disability. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009063 biolink:NamedThing ventriculomegaly-cystic kidney disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009077 biolink:NamedThing deafness, congenital, and familial myoclonic epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009083 biolink:NamedThing conductive deafness-malformed external ear syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009085 biolink:NamedThing deafness-vitiligo-achalasia syndrome Deafness-vitiligo-achalasia syndrome is characterized by the association of deafness, short stature, vitiligo, muscle wasting, and achalasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009086 biolink:NamedThing deafness-small bowel diverticulosis-neuropathy syndrome Deafness-small bowel diverticulosis-neuropathy syndrome is characterised by progressive sensorineural deafness, progressive sensory neuropathy and gastrointestinal abnormalities (progressive loss of gastric motility, small bowel diverticulosis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009087 biolink:NamedThing deafness, neural, congenital moderate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009088 biolink:NamedThing deafness, neural, with atypical atopic dermatitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009098 biolink:NamedThing dextrocardia with unusual facies and microphthalmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009102 biolink:NamedThing diaminopentanuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009118 biolink:NamedThing disseminated sclerosis with narcolepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009122 biolink:NamedThing Dohle bodies and leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009127 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism, low-birth-weight type, with unresponsiveness to growth hormone DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009128 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism, intellectual disability, and eye abnormality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009129 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism, proportionate, with hip dislocation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009132 biolink:NamedThing dysautonomia-like disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009137 biolink:NamedThing dysmyelination with jaundice DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009142 biolink:NamedThing dystonia with Ringbinden DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009163 biolink:NamedThing encephalomalacia, multilocular DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009170 biolink:NamedThing endocardial fibroelastosis and coarctation of abdominal aorta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009171 biolink:NamedThing endothelial dystrophy, congenital hereditary, with nail hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009172 biolink:NamedThing enterocolitis An inflammatory process affecting the small intestine and colon. Causes include viruses, bacteria, radiation, and antibiotics use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009174 biolink:NamedThing protein-losing enteropathy Pathological conditions in the intestines that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins, including serum albumin; immunoglobulins; and at times lymphocytes. Severe condition can result in hypogammaglobulinemia or lymphopenia. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with a number of diseases including intestinal lymphangiectasis; whipple'S disease; and neoplasms of the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009184 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa with diaphragmatic hernia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009186 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, photogenic, with spastic diplegia and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009190 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia of femoral head, myopia, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009193 biolink:NamedThing epithelial squamous dysplasia, keratinizing desquamative, of urinary tract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009194 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 32B A rare progressive disease that begins as a primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. In this type of infection, the body makes too many lymphocytes (lymphoproliferative disease) for a period of more than 6 months duration. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell. They are an importantpart ofthe immune system because they help fight off diseases and protect the body from infection byproducing antibodies against viruses or bacteria and regulating immune responses. In CAEBV there are many antibodies againstEBV in the blood.Most people (about 95% of adults) get infected with EBV at some point in their lives, and never have any health problems.However, EBV can cause infectiousmononucleosis and other illnesses, and has a role in various autoimmune diseases and some types of cancer. While most infections occurring during childhood do not cause any symptoms,EBV infection in adolescents or young adults can often result in mononucleosis.After an EBV infection, the virus becomes latent (inactive) in the body, and, in some cases, the virus may reactivate. This does not always cause symptoms, but people with weakened immune systems are more likely to develop symptoms if EBV reactivates.In rare cases, people infected with EBV develop chronic active EBV virus infection(CAEBV) without apparent immunodeficiency. Most cases of CAEBV have been reported from Japan. These patientshave some of the complications found in otherwise-healthy patients with acute EBV infection, but unlike healthy patients, these complications persist and progress. Symptoms of CAEBV most often include fever, liverdysfunction, an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), swollen lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), and low numbers of platelets (thrombocytopenia) as well as high EBV-DNA load in the blood. Other features that appear in more than 10% of patients include enlarged liver (hepatomegaly), anemia, hypersensitivity to mosquito bites, rash, oral ulcers, hemophagocytic syndrome, coronary artery aneurysms, liver failure, lymphoma, and interstitial pneumonia. While the cause is yet unknown, researchers have identified defects in T cells or natural killer (NK) cells activity which results in a decreased defense against the EBV in people with CAEBV.It is important to note that the fatigue and malaise from acute infectious mononucleosis (IM)varies from mild symptoms lasting only a few weeks, to more severe symptoms of fatigue that can persist for several months, or even up to a year or more in up to 10% of patients (which may be considered a less severe form of chronicEBV infection). The persistence of fatigue that is seen in some patients after acute IM would lead some people to believe that EBV may also cause cases of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). However, no convincing link has been found between EBV and CFS.Hematopoietic stemcell transplantation has shown promise in the treatment of CAEBV. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009195 biolink:NamedThing erythema of acral regions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009199 biolink:NamedThing ethanolaminosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009201 biolink:NamedThing facial abnormalities, kyphoscoliosis, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009208 biolink:NamedThing faciothoracogenital syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009217 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi-like syndrome A syndrome characterized by pancytopenia, immune deficiency and cutaneous malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009225 biolink:NamedThing fever, familial lifelong persistent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009230 biolink:NamedThing fibrosclerosis, multifocal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009237 biolink:NamedThing focal epithelial hyperplasia Hyperplasia characterized by the presence of a focal proliferation of epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009243 biolink:NamedThing Fraser-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009244 biolink:NamedThing Freesia Flowers, inability to smell DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009246 biolink:NamedThing Friedreich ataxia and congenital glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009248 biolink:NamedThing fructose and galactose intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009256 biolink:NamedThing galactorrhea Excessive or inappropriate lactation in females or males, and not necessarily related to pregnancy. Galactorrhea can occur either unilaterally or bilaterally, and be profuse or sparse. Its most common cause is hyperprolactinemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009280 biolink:NamedThing monosodium glutamate sensitivity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009286 biolink:NamedThing gluteal muscles, absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009298 biolink:NamedThing GOMBO syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009305 biolink:NamedThing granulocytopenia with immunoglobulin abnormality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009311 biolink:NamedThing grouped pigmentation of the retina DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009323 biolink:NamedThing Halothane hepatitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009327 biolink:NamedThing heart, malformation of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009328 biolink:NamedThing hemangiomatosis, cutaneous, with associated features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009343 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease with ulnar polydactyly, polysyndactyly of big toes, and ventricular septal defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009347 biolink:NamedThing familial lipochrome histiocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009355 biolink:NamedThing Hooft disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009358 biolink:NamedThing Hutterite cerebroosteonephrodysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009374 biolink:NamedThing hydroxyprolinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009375 biolink:NamedThing hymen, imperforate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009385 biolink:NamedThing hyperleucine-Isoleucinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009386 biolink:NamedThing hyperlexia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009390 biolink:NamedThing hyperlysinuria with hyperammonemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009391 biolink:NamedThing hypermetabolism due to defect in mitochondria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009392 biolink:NamedThing hyperopia, high DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009396 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism, neonatal self-limited primary, with hypercalciuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009399 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatemia, polyuria, and seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009403 biolink:NamedThing hypertelorism and tetralogy of fallot DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009407 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic neuropathy and cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009408 biolink:NamedThing hyperuricemia, infantile, with abnormal behavior and normal hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009415 biolink:NamedThing hypoglycemia, leucine-induced DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009418 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadism with low-grade mental deficiency and microcephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009421 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadism, male DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009422 biolink:NamedThing hypohidrosis with abnormal palmar dermal Ridges DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009423 biolink:NamedThing hypokalemic alkalosis, familial, with specific renal tubulopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009429 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemia, renal, with intracerebral calcifications DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009432 biolink:NamedThing hypopituitarism, congenital, with central diabetes insipidus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009442 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis congenita with biliary atresia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009447 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis, split hairs, and amino aciduria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009453 biolink:NamedThing immune deficiency disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009455 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, partial combined, with absence of HLA Determinants and beta-2-microglobulin from lymphocytes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009457 biolink:NamedThing immunoglobulin d level in plasma, low DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009460 biolink:NamedThing indolylacroyl glycinuria with intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009462 biolink:NamedThing inosine phosphorylase deficiency, immune defect due to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009463 biolink:NamedThing internal carotid arteries, hypoplasia of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009472 biolink:NamedThing acetylation, slow DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009474 biolink:NamedThing isovaleric acid, inability to smell DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009481 biolink:NamedThing Jumping Frenchmen of Maine DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009487 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus and congenital hip dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009488 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus posticus circumscriptus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009496 biolink:NamedThing Kniest-like dysplasia with pursed lips and ectopia lentis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009497 biolink:NamedThing Kifafa seizure disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009508 biolink:NamedThing Lambotte syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009521 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, acute myelocytic, with polyposis coli and colon cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009538 biolink:NamedThing lymphoid system deterioration, progressive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009541 biolink:NamedThing lymphopenic hypergammaglobulinemia, antibody deficiency, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and glomerulonephritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009542 biolink:NamedThing lysine malabsorption syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009545 biolink:NamedThing macroepiphyseal dysplasia with osteoporosis, wrinkled skin, and aged appearance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009546 biolink:NamedThing macrosomia adiposa congenita DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009551 biolink:NamedThing magnesium, elevated red cell DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009555 biolink:NamedThing malocclusion and short stature DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009559 biolink:NamedThing mandibulofacial dysostosis with mental deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009573 biolink:NamedThing megaepiphyseal dwarfism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009574 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly with dysmyelination DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009576 biolink:NamedThing megalocornea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009586 biolink:NamedThing mesangial sclerosis, diffuse renal, with ocular abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009587 biolink:NamedThing mesoaxial hexadactyly and cardiac malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009596 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Pena type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009600 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal dysplasia, anetoderma, and optic atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009602 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal modeling abnormality, skin lesions, and spastic paraplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009608 biolink:NamedThing methionine malabsorption syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009619 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-micromelia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009632 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia with hyperopia, retinal degeneration, macrophakia, and dental anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009633 biolink:NamedThing microspherophakia and/or megalocornea, with ectopia lentis and with or without secondary glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009634 biolink:NamedThing microtia with meatal atresia and conductive deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009663 biolink:NamedThing mucus inspissation of respiratory tract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009674 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, adult-onset, with leukoencephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009684 biolink:NamedThing muscular hypertonia, lethal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009686 biolink:NamedThing musk, inability to smell DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009701 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, granulovacuolar lobular, with electrical myotonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009702 biolink:NamedThing myopathy due to malate-aspartate shuttle defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009707 biolink:NamedThing myopathy with giant abnormal mitochondria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009729 biolink:NamedThing nephropathy - deafness - hyperparathyroidism syndrome Nephropathy-deafness-hyperparathyroidism syndrome is characterised by renal failure without haematuria, parathyroid hyperplasia and sensorineural deafness. It has been described in five children born to consanguineous patents. The mode of inheritance appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009743 biolink:NamedThing neurologic disease, infantile multisystem, with osseous fragility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009750 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, with excessive myelin folding complex, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009752 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, painful DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009763 biolink:NamedThing obesity-hypoventilation syndrome Hypoventilation syndrome in very obese persons with excessive adipose tissue around the abdomen and diaphragm is characterized by diminished to absent ventilatory chemoresponsiveness; chronic hypoxia; hypercapnia; polycythemia; and long periods of sleep during day and night (hypersomnolence). It is a condition often related to obstructive sleep apnea but can occur separately. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009765 biolink:NamedThing ocular myopathy with curare sensitivity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009766 biolink:NamedThing oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome of Preus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009772 biolink:NamedThing oculorenocerebellar syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009778 biolink:NamedThing olivopontocerebellar atrophy II, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009781 biolink:NamedThing Onychotrichodysplasia and neutropenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009782 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegia totalis with ptosis and miosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009784 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegic neuromuscular disorder with abnormal mitochondria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009788 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy, hearing loss, and peripheral neuropathy, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009790 biolink:NamedThing Opticocochleodentate degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009791 biolink:NamedThing oral sensibility, disturbance of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009802 biolink:NamedThing osteodysplasty, precocious, of Danks, Mayne, and Kozlowski DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009803 biolink:NamedThing congenital osteogenesis imperfecta-microcephaly-cataracts syndrome Congenital osteogenesis imperfecta-microcephaly-cataracts syndrome is characterised by multiple fractures in the prenatal period, microcephaly and bilateral cataracts. It has been described in three infants all of whom died in utero or a few hours after birth. The mode of inheritance appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009811 biolink:NamedThing osteoma of middle ear DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009826 biolink:NamedThing PA polymorphism of alpha-2-globulin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009828 biolink:NamedThing palant cleft palate syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009832 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic agenesis Partial agenesis of the pancreas is characterized by the congenital absence of a critical mass of pancreatic tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009836 biolink:NamedThing pancreatitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and sicca complex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009840 biolink:NamedThing Partington-Anderson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009844 biolink:NamedThing pellagra-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009847 biolink:NamedThing pericardial effusion, chronic Chronic form of pericardial effusion (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009850 biolink:NamedThing periodontitis, chronic, adult DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009851 biolink:NamedThing peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, focal necrotizing encephalopathy, and spongy degeneration of brain DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009854 biolink:NamedThing peroneus tertius muscle, absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009860 biolink:NamedThing phenformin 4-hydroxylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009881 biolink:NamedThing pituitary dwarfism with large sella turcica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009882 biolink:NamedThing plasma clot retraction factor, deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009884 biolink:NamedThing platelet prostacyclin receptor defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009886 biolink:NamedThing pleoconial myopathy with salt craving DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009888 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney, cataract, and congenital blindness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009896 biolink:NamedThing polymyoclonus, infantile DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009898 biolink:NamedThing polysaccharide, storage of unusual DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009899 biolink:NamedThing polyhydramnios, chronic idiopathic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009907 biolink:NamedThing Prepapillary vascular loops DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009909 biolink:NamedThing progesterone resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009911 biolink:NamedThing prolactin deficiency, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009912 biolink:NamedThing prolactin deficiency with obesity and enlarged testes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009913 biolink:NamedThing prune belly syndrome with pulmonic stenosis, intellectual disability, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009922 biolink:NamedThing Pseudouridinuria and mental defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009932 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary bullae causing pneumothorax DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009937 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary venoocclusive disease A disorder characterized by pulmonary venous constriction or occlusion, resulting in pulmonary hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009939 biolink:NamedThing pulmonic stenosis and congenital nephrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009941 biolink:NamedThing Pygmy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009944 biolink:NamedThing pyloric atresia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009948 biolink:NamedThing pyropoikilocytosis, hereditary An autosomal recessive inherited severe hemolytic anemia. It is a subtype of hereditary elliptocytosis and is characterized by partial spectrin deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009951 biolink:NamedThing radiculoneuropathy, fatal neonatal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009956 biolink:NamedThing red skin pigment anomaly of new guinea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009957 biolink:NamedThing Reese retinal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009961 biolink:NamedThing renal and mullerian duct hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009972 biolink:NamedThing respiratory underresponsiveness to hypoxia and hypercapnia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009976 biolink:NamedThing retinal degeneration and epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009980 biolink:NamedThing retinal telangiectasia and hypogammaglobulinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009982 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa inversa with deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009986 biolink:NamedThing retinopathy, pigmentary, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010000 biolink:NamedThing rod-cone dystrophy, sensorineural deafness, and Fanconi-type renal dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010003 biolink:NamedThing Rowley-Rosenberg syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010018 biolink:NamedThing second metatarsal-metacarpal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010022 biolink:NamedThing senile plaque formation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010025 biolink:NamedThing short stature-obesity syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010032 biolink:NamedThing Sjogren-Larsson-like ichthyosis without CNS or eye involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010037 biolink:NamedThing sodium-potassium-ATPase activity of red cell DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010040 biolink:NamedThing ataxia, spastic, childhood-onset, autosomal recessive, with optic atrophy and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010042 biolink:NamedThing spastic diplegia and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010048 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia with myoclonic epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010054 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy with intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010055 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy with microcephaly and mental subnormality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010067 biolink:NamedThing splenoportal vascular anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010084 biolink:NamedThing sucrosuria, hiatus hernia and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010093 biolink:NamedThing syndesmodysplasic dwarfism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010096 biolink:NamedThing tardive dyskinesia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010098 biolink:NamedThing taurodontism Taurodontism is a dental anomaly characterized by an elongated pulp chamber, displaced toward the apical floor of the tooth with no constriction at the level of the cemento-enamel junction, and short roots. It most frequently affects permanent molar teeth. Taurodontism increases the risk of pulp exposure. It can be isolated or associated with certain syndromes such as Down syndrome, amelogenesis imperfecta, and Klinefelter syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010103 biolink:NamedThing teeth, fused DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010106 biolink:NamedThing testes, rudimentary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010109 biolink:NamedThing tetraamelia with ectodermal dysplasia and lacrimal duct abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010112 biolink:NamedThing thalamic degeneration, symmetric infantile DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010124 biolink:NamedThing thumb, distal hyperextensibility of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010126 biolink:NamedThing thymic aplasia with fetal death DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010127 biolink:NamedThing thymoma, familial An instance of thymoma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010141 biolink:NamedThing tiglic acidemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010145 biolink:NamedThing tibia, absence of, with congenital deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010147 biolink:NamedThing tongue, pigmented fungiform papillae of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010157 biolink:NamedThing Tryptophanuria with dwarfism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010158 biolink:NamedThing T-substance anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010163 biolink:NamedThing Tyrosinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010166 biolink:NamedThing ulnar agenesis and endocardial fibroelastosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010174 biolink:NamedThing Valinemia Valinemia is a very rare metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high levels of the amino acid valine in the blood and urine.Infants with valinemia reportedly experience lack of appetite, vomiting, and failure to thrive. In some cases, the condition may be life-threatening. Low muscle tone (hypotonia), excessive drowsiness, hyperactivity, and developmental delay have also been reported. Valinemia is caused by a deficiency of the enzymevaline transaminase, which is needed for the breakdown (metabolism) of valine in the body. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, although the gene responsible for the condition is not yet known. Treatment includes adiet low in valine (introduced during early infancy) which usually improves symptoms and brings valine levels to normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010175 biolink:NamedThing van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010177 biolink:NamedThing vascular hyalinosis A syndrome characterized by progressive hyalinosis involving capillaries and often arterioles and small veins of the digestive tract, kidneys, and idiopathic cerebral calcifications. It has been described in three sisters born to non-consanguineous parents. All three patients also had poikilodermia and greying hair, as well as severe diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, malabsorption and subarachnoid hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010179 biolink:NamedThing isolated right ventricular hypoplasia Isolated right ventricular hypoplasia (IRVH) is a rare congenital heart malformation characterized by underdevelopment of the right ventricle associated with patent foramen ovale or interauricular communication and normally developed tricuspid and pulmonary valves. IRVH manifests with severe cyanosis, congestive heart failure, and in severe cases, death in early infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010189 biolink:NamedThing vitiligo, progressive, with intellectual disability and urethral duplication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010217 biolink:NamedThing de Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome A rare autosomal recessive inherited syndrome. It is characterized by xeroderma pigmentosum, mental retardation, dwarfism, hypogonadism, and neurologic abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010219 biolink:NamedThing xylosidase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010244 biolink:NamedThing CGF1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010260 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, congenital, lower limb, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010262 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, congenital nystagmus, ataxia, and abnormal auditory brainstem responses DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010267 biolink:NamedThing episodic muscle weakness, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010276 biolink:NamedThing radioulnar synostosis, radial ray abnormalities, and severe malformations in the male DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010292 biolink:NamedThing Uruguay Faciocardiomusculoskeletal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010312 biolink:NamedThing radial ray deficiency, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010380 biolink:NamedThing cataract, ataxia, short stature, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010381 biolink:NamedThing Tn polyagglutination syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010416 biolink:NamedThing deafness, cataract, retinitis pigmentosa, and sperm abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010439 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, fatal fetal, due to myocardial calcification DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010536 biolink:NamedThing tubulin, beta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010540 biolink:NamedThing bullous dystrophy, macular type A genetic disorder characterised by formation of bullae without traumatic origin, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, acrocyanosis, short stature, microcephaly, intellectual deficit, tapering fingers and nail abnormalities. Two families (one of whom was Dutch and the other Italian) have been described up to now, in which only males were affected. Transmission is X-linked recessive. The bullous dystrophy locus has been mapped to Xq26.3 in the Italian family and to Xq27.3 in the Dutch family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010546 biolink:NamedThing central incisors, absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010552 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth peroneal muscular atrophy, X-linked, with aplasia cutis congenita DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010553 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth peroneal muscular atrophy and Friedreich ataxia, combined DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010573 biolink:NamedThing cutis verticis gyrata, thyroid aplasia, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010597 biolink:NamedThing glutamyl ribose-5-phosphate storage disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010599 biolink:NamedThing granulomas, congenital cerebral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010605 biolink:NamedThing hemopoietic proliferation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010608 biolink:NamedThing Hhhh syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010623 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis and male hypogonadism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010628 biolink:NamedThing immunoglobulin M, level of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010629 biolink:NamedThing impacted teeth, multiple DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010630 biolink:NamedThing imprinting gene related to retinoblastoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010634 biolink:NamedThing jaundice, familial obstructive, of infancy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010636 biolink:NamedThing Kallmann syndrome with spastic paraplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010648 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010673 biolink:NamedThing modifier, X-linked, for Neurofunctional defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010681 biolink:NamedThing myelolymphatic insufficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010692 biolink:NamedThing nuclear ribonucleic acid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010695 biolink:NamedThing occipital hair, white lock of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010696 biolink:NamedThing omphalocele, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010697 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegia, external, and myopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010700 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy--spastic paraplegia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010707 biolink:NamedThing Paine syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010719 biolink:NamedThing radiation sensitivity of natural killer activity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010721 biolink:NamedThing reticuloendotheliosis, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010732 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraparesis-deafness syndrome Spastic paraparesis-deafness syndrome is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterised by spastic paraparesis (beginning at about 10 years of age) and hearing deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010734 biolink:NamedThing spatial visualization, aptitude for DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010739 biolink:NamedThing Taqi polymorphism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010740 biolink:NamedThing taurodontism, microdontia, and dens invaginatus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010744 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia with elevated serum IgA and renal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010746 biolink:NamedThing thumbs, congenital Clasped DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010751 biolink:NamedThing unique green phenomenon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010757 biolink:NamedThing widow's peak syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010760 biolink:NamedThing XH antigen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010769 biolink:NamedThing hairy ears, Y-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010770 biolink:NamedThing ubiquitin-activating enzyme, Y-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010776 biolink:NamedThing hypomagnesemia, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, mitochondrial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010777 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, infantile hypertrophic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010784 biolink:NamedThing chloramphenicol toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010793 biolink:NamedThing nephropathy, chronic tubulointerstitial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010812 biolink:NamedThing macrocytosis, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010813 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic beta cell agenesis with neonatal diabetes mellitus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010838 biolink:NamedThing gonadal agenesis A congenital disorder characterized by the complete absence of gonadal tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010871 biolink:NamedThing succinic acidemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010872 biolink:NamedThing parotid salivary glands, polycystic dysgenetic disease of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010874 biolink:NamedThing enteropathy, familial, with villous edema and immunoglobulin G2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010875 biolink:NamedThing pachydermodactyly, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010885 biolink:NamedThing angiokeratoma corporis diffusum with arteriovenous fistulas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010896 biolink:NamedThing pigment dispersion syndrome Pigment-dispersion syndrome is an eye disorder that occurs when pigment granules that normally adhere to the back of the iris (the colored part of the eye) flake off into the clear fluid produced by the eye (aqueous humor). These pigment granules may flow towards the drainage canals of the eye, slowly clogging them and raising the pressure within the eye (intraocular pressure or IOP). This rise in eye pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve (the nerve in the back of the eye that carries visual images to the brain). If the optic nerve becomes damaged, pigment-dispersion syndrome becomes pigmentary glaucoma. This happens in about 30% of cases. Pigment-dispersion syndrome commonly presents between the second and fourth decades, which is earlier than other types of glaucoma. While men and women are affected in equal numbers, men develop pigmentary glaucoma up to 3 times more often than women. Myopia (nearsightedness) appears to be an important risk factor in the development of pigment-dispersion syndrome and is present in up to 80% of affected individuals. The condition may be sporadic or follow an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with reduced penetrance. At least one gene locus on chromosome 7 has been identified. Pigment-dispersion syndrome can be treated with eye drops or other medications. In some cases, laser surgery may be performed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010904 biolink:NamedThing setting-Sun phenomenon, familial benign DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010910 biolink:NamedThing enuresis, nocturnal, 1 Nocturnal enuresis with at least 3 nightly episodes in children older than 7 years, where the child has always had the disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010919 biolink:NamedThing varicella, severe recurrent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010923 biolink:NamedThing proximal myopathy with focal depletion of mitochondria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010928 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism, familial, with muscle spasms DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010937 biolink:NamedThing isoproterenol-mediated vasodilatation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010940 biolink:NamedThing inherited susceptibility to asthma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010941 biolink:NamedThing nocturnal enuresis, 2 Nocturnal enuresis where the child has been dry for at least 6 months but enuresis has recurred. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010944 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial import-stimulating factor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010955 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia with intellectual disability and syndactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010956 biolink:NamedThing enamel hypoplasia, cataracts, and aqueductal stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010957 biolink:NamedThing agonadism, 46,XY, with intellectual disability, short stature, retarded bone age, and multiple extragenital malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010960 biolink:NamedThing protocadherin 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010970 biolink:NamedThing cardiac malformation, cleft lip/palate, microcephaly, and digital anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010978 biolink:NamedThing portal vein, cavernous transformation of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010980 biolink:NamedThing midline malformations, multiple, with limb abnormalities and hypopituitarism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010982 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis-intellectual disability syndrome with large keratohyalin granules in the skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011000 biolink:NamedThing guanylate cyclase 2E DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011005 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 18-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011009 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, congenital, with severe central nervous system atrophy and absence of large myelinated fibers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011020 biolink:NamedThing osteoporosis-oculocutaneous hypopigmentation syndrome Osteoporosis-oculocutaneous hypopigmentation syndrome is characterised by osteoporosis and congenital oculocutaneous hypopigmentation. Three cases have been described in the literature. The mode of inheritance appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011029 biolink:NamedThing myeloid tumor suppressor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011030 biolink:NamedThing epithelial basolateral chloride conductance regulator, rabbit, homolog of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011039 biolink:NamedThing atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011040 biolink:NamedThing spinal dysplasia, Anhalt type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011042 biolink:NamedThing Martinez-Frias syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011043 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplasia, immunodeficiency, facial dysmorphism, short stature, and psychomotor delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011044 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly of lower limbs, congenital heart defect, and micrognathia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011046 biolink:NamedThing short stature, Brussels type This syndrome is characterised by short stature presenting in the neonatal period associated with osteochondrodysplastic lesions and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011047 biolink:NamedThing deafness-epiphyseal dysplasia-short stature syndrome This syndrome is characterised by sensorineural deafness, short stature, femoral epiphyseal dysplasia, umbilical and inguinal hernias and developmental delay (growth retardation and mild intellectual deficit). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011052 biolink:NamedThing amelia cleft lip palate hydrocephalus iris coloboma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011055 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 10p Distal monosomy 10p is a rare chromosomal disorder in which the tip of the short arm (p arm) of chromosome 10 is deleted resulting in a variable phenotype depending on the size of the deletion. The deletion may involve only the terminal 10p15 band, or extend towards the centromere to bands 10p14 or 10p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011061 biolink:NamedThing chorea, remitting, with nystagmus and cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011069 biolink:NamedThing cervical ribs, Sprengel anomaly, anal atresia, and urethral obstruction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011077 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, corpus callosum dysgenesis, and cleft lip/palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011078 biolink:NamedThing anterior chamber cleavage disorder, cerebellar hypoplasia, hypothyroidism, and tracheal stenosis A rare, congenital malformation syndrome characterized by the association of anterior ocular chamber cleavage disorder with developmental delay, short stature and congenital hypothyroidism. Additional manifestations include cerebellar hypoplasia, tracheal stenosis, narrow external auditory meatus, and hip dislocation. There have been no further description in the literature since 1995. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011080 biolink:NamedThing progressive deafness with stapes fixation Stapes fixation (stapedovestibular ankylosis) is a hearing loss condition that appears as a consequence of annular ligament destruction followed by excessive connective tissue production during the healing process. This condition is mainly observed in otosclerosis, but is also found in chronic otitis media with tympanosclerosis, and other rare bone diseases such as Paget's disease and osteogenesis imperfecta (Lobstein disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011089 biolink:NamedThing patent ductus venosus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011090 biolink:NamedThing isolated hereditary congenital facial paralysis Isolated hereditary congenital facial paralysis (IHCFP) is an extremely rare neurological disorder presumed to result from maldevelopment of the facial nucleus and/or cranial nerve and has been reported in fewer than 10 families to date. It manifests as non-progressive, isolated, unilateral or bilateral, symmetrical or asymmetrical facial palsy. Involvement of the branches of the facial nerve can be unequal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011092 biolink:NamedThing ribbing disease Ribbing disease is a rare bone disease that causes bony growths on the long bones, such as the thigh bone and shine bone.Ribbing diseaseaffects women more frequently than men. The most common symptom is pain. A single studyof 14 patients found an association between Ribbing disease and impaired exercise tolerance and changes in heart function (i.e., increased prevalence of arrhythmia and changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function).The cause of the condition iscurrently unknown, although some cases appear to be genetic and inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion.Optimal treatment for the disease is largely unknown. There have been case reports describingtreatment of Ribbing diseasewith bisphosphonate pamidronate. Results have been mixed. The conditionoften resolves on its own; howevercases of progressive disease have been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011100 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, retinitis pigmentosa, and sutural cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011115 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia and Evans syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011117 biolink:NamedThing iris pigment epithelium anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011126 biolink:NamedThing acute insulin response DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011130 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous gland hyperplasia, familial presenile DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011135 biolink:NamedThing superior transverse scapular ligament, calcification of, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011141 biolink:NamedThing megaloblastic anemia, folate-responsive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011148 biolink:NamedThing Spondylospinal thoracic dysostosis Spondylospinal thoracic dysostosis is an extremely rare skeletal disorder characterized bya short, curved spine and fusion of the spinous processes, short thorax with 'crab-like' configuration of the ribs, underdevelopment of the lungs (pulmonary hypoplasia), severe arthrogryposis and multiple pterygia (webbing of the skin across joints), and underdevelopment of the bones of the mouth.This condition is believed to be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.It does notappear to be compatible with life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011155 biolink:NamedThing vacuolar Neuromyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011161 biolink:NamedThing sperm-specific antigen 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011172 biolink:NamedThing otofacioosseous-gonadal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011174 biolink:NamedThing hyperzincemia with functional zinc depletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011180 biolink:NamedThing broad terminal phalanges, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011205 biolink:NamedThing medium chain 3-ketoacyl-Coa thiolase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011206 biolink:NamedThing ventriculomegaly with defects of the radius and kidney DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011209 biolink:NamedThing progeroid facial appearance with hand anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011210 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial intermembrane space protein Tim12, yeast, homolog of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011212 biolink:NamedThing sensorineural hearing loss, retinal pigment epithelium lesions, discolored teeth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011213 biolink:NamedThing Pierpont syndrome Pierpont syndrome is a rare subcutaneous tissue disorder characterized by axial hypotonia after birth, prolonged feeding difficulties, moderate to severe global developmental delay, seizures (in particular absence seizures), fetal digital pads, distinctive plantar fat pads anteromedial to the heels, deep palmar and plantar grooves. Additionally, distinct craniofacial dysmorphic features, notably a broad face with high forehead, high anterior hairline, narrow palpebral fissures that take on a crescent moon shape when smiling, broad nasal bridge and tip with anteverted nostrils, mild midfacial hypoplasia, long, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip vermillion, small, widely spaced teeth and flat occiput/microcephaly/brachycephaly, are also chararteristic. Over time, fat pads may become less prominent and disappear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011221 biolink:NamedThing Weyers ulnar ray/oligodactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011228 biolink:NamedThing creases, infra-auricular cutaneous, with tall stature and advanced bone age DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011241 biolink:NamedThing pseudoacromegaly with severe insulin resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011247 biolink:NamedThing jejunal atresia with renal adysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011250 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, macrotia, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011251 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism, cleft palate, hearing loss, and camptodactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011254 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly, intraventricular septal defect, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011256 biolink:NamedThing emphysema, congenital, with deafness, penoscrotal web, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011260 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic lymphoma, familial An instance of pancreas lymphoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011263 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia and progressive central nervous system degeneration, lethal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011267 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, severe, with spasticity and pigmentary tapetoretinal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011282 biolink:NamedThing tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011288 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia, optic atrophy, microcephaly, and 10Y sex reversal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011289 biolink:NamedThing apraxia of eyelid opening DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011290 biolink:NamedThing dislocated elbows, bowed tibias, scoliosis, deafness, cataract, microcephaly, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011306 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, congenital, with cerebellar atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011310 biolink:NamedThing long chain fatty acids, defect in transport of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011315 biolink:NamedThing Osebold skeletal dysplasia/osteolysis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011316 biolink:NamedThing osteosclerotic chondrodysplasia, lethal, with intracellular inclusions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011317 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, severe, with skeletal anomalies including posterior rib-Gap defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011318 biolink:NamedThing Tonoki syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011321 biolink:NamedThing expansile bone lesions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011322 biolink:NamedThing Oroacral syndrome, Verloes-Koulischer type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011323 biolink:NamedThing arhinia, choanal atresia, and microphthalmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011332 biolink:NamedThing Dyserythropoiesis, congenital, with ultrastructurally normal erythroblast heterochromatin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011333 biolink:NamedThing light fixation seizure syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011341 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, facial abnormalities, micromelia, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011343 biolink:NamedThing follicular atrophoderma, perioral pigmented, with milia and epidermoid cysts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011344 biolink:NamedThing parotitis, juvenile recurrent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011345 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism, selective tooth agenesis, and choroid calcification DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011349 biolink:NamedThing osteoma of cranial vault, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011352 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine carcinoma of salivary glands, sensorineural hearing loss, and enamel hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011353 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect, secundum, with various cardiac and Noncardiac defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011356 biolink:NamedThing exostosis, Dupuytren subungual DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011357 biolink:NamedThing eccrine syringofibroadenomatosis with eyelid abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011358 biolink:NamedThing blue nevi, familial multiple DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011367 biolink:NamedThing Acrodysplasia with ossification abnormalities, short stature, and fibular hypoplasia A hereditary disorder characterized by disproportionate short stature, a relatively large head, and a long triangular face early in life. This phenotype later evolves to one with in which the head is relatively small, the mandible is large and pointy. The affected individuals have normal cognitive abilities and lack any neurological deficits. Other typical features include a prominent nose, a voice with an unusual high-pitched sound, relatively small ears, curved digits (clinodactyly), short bones in fingers and toes (brachydactyly), small hands, underdeveloped (hypoplastic) fingernails, a waddling gait, and sparse hair post-pubertally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011385 biolink:NamedThing intervertebral disc degenerative disorder Any disease of a degenerative nature that affects the intervertebral disc. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011404 biolink:NamedThing Caronte DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011406 biolink:NamedThing cholesteatoma, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011410 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease with heart defects, laryngeal anomalies, and preaxial polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011419 biolink:NamedThing camera-Marugo-Cohen syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011433 biolink:NamedThing anemia, congenital hypoplastic, with multiple congenital anomalies/intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011446 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy, congenital deafness, macular dystrophy, and psychiatric disorders DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011453 biolink:NamedThing ulnar ray dysgenesis with postaxial polydactyly and renal cystic dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011455 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly, familial, with cleft palate and cerebellar hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011463 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy, lethal neonatal, axonal sensorimotor, autosomal recessive A rare, genetic, autosomal recessive axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy disease characterized by prenatal onset of a severe sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy (reflected by reduced fetal movement and polyhydramnios), manifesting, at birth, with respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, profound muscular hypotonia, rapidly progressing distal muscle weakness, and absent deep tendon reflexes, in the absence of contractures, leading to death before 8 months of age. Neuropathological findings show severe loss of large- and medium-sized myelinated fibers without signs of demyelination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011478 biolink:NamedThing growth and developintellectual disability, ocular ptosis, cardiac defect, and anal atresia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011483 biolink:NamedThing polycystic bone disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011492 biolink:NamedThing mandibulofacial dysostosis syndrome, Bauru type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011494 biolink:NamedThing hyaluronan metabolism, defect 1N DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011501 biolink:NamedThing wormian bone-multiple fractures-dentinogenesis imperfecta-skeletal dysplasia Skeletal dysplasia with wormian bone-multiple fractures-dentinogenesis imperfecta is a skeletal disorder, reported in three patients to date, characterized clinically by multiple fractures, wormian bones of the skull, dentinogenesis imperfecta and facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, periorbital fullness). Although the signs are very similar to osteogenesis imperfecta, characteristic cortical defects in the absence of osteopenia and collagen abnormalities are considered to be distinctive. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1999. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011507 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, congenital autoimmune DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011509 biolink:NamedThing low density lipoprotein cholesterol, mild elevation of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011511 biolink:NamedThing clavicular hypoplasia, zygomatic arch hypoplasia, and micrognathia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011514 biolink:NamedThing tricuspid atresia Tricuspid atresia is (TA) a rare congenital heart malformation characterized by the congenital agenesis of tricuspid valve leading to severe hypoplasia of right ventricle (functionally univentricular). TA is associated with normally related or transposed great vessels (TGV), an obligatory interatrial connection that is crucial for survival (patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect, osteum secondum type), ventricular septal defect (in 90% cases), pulmonary outflow obstruction - pulmonary atresia, stenosis or hypoplasia (usually in TA with normally related vessels but also in TGV), aortic coarctation and/or aortic arch interruption (usually in TA with TGV). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011516 biolink:NamedThing early response to neural induction gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011538 biolink:NamedThing frontoocular syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011550 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis, gingival, with hypertrichosis and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011574 biolink:NamedThing tetralogy of fallot syndrome, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011590 biolink:NamedThing anisomastia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011594 biolink:NamedThing ovarian dysgenesis, hypergonadotropic, with short stature and recurrent metabolic acidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011611 biolink:NamedThing short stature, intellectual disability, callosal agenesis, Heminasal hypoplasia, microphthalmia, and atypical clefting DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011617 biolink:NamedThing arthropathy, erosive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011618 biolink:NamedThing liver fibrocystic disease and polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011619 biolink:NamedThing crumpled helices and small mouth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011626 biolink:NamedThing acromegaloid features, overgrowth, cleft palate, and hernia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011637 biolink:NamedThing Sener syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011641 biolink:NamedThing baculum, congenital absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011642 biolink:NamedThing carnitine acetyltransferase deficiency A disease arising from a defect of carnitine acetyltransferase causing disruption of whole-body glucose homeostasis and muscle-specific loss of function results in reduced metabolic control, which resembles the insulin resistant state. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011646 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal abductor paralysis with cerebellar ataxia and motor neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011651 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, short stature, facial anomalies, and joint dislocations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011654 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, microcephaly, growth retardation, joint contractures, and facial dysmorphism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011662 biolink:NamedThing pathological gambling A disorder characterized by a preoccupation with gambling and the excitement that gambling with increasing risk provides. Pathological gamblers are unable to cut back on their gambling, despite the fact that it may lead them to lie, steal, or lose a significant relationship, job, or educational opportunity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011677 biolink:NamedThing Megarbane syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011714 biolink:NamedThing partial lipodystrophy, congenital cataracts, and neurodegeneration syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011726 biolink:NamedThing peripheral arterial occlusive disease 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011733 biolink:NamedThing parasomnia, sleep bruxism type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011734 biolink:NamedThing Cardioneuromyopathy with hyaline masses and nemaline rods DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011736 biolink:NamedThing Cree intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011745 biolink:NamedThing duodenojejunal atresia with volvulus, absent dorsal mesentery, and absent superior mesenteric artery DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011746 biolink:NamedThing symphalangism, distal, with microdontia, dental pulp stones, and narrowed zygomatic arch DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011751 biolink:NamedThing COPD, severe early onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011779 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal atresia, encephalocele, and limb deformities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011782 biolink:NamedThing angioid streaks Small breaks in the elastin-filled tissue of the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011789 biolink:NamedThing familial meningioma A meningioma that is transmitted from the parents to an offspring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011796 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, partial, with pericentral spikes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011798 biolink:NamedThing hypoprebetalipoproteinemia, acanthocytosis, retinitis pigmentosa, and pallidal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011810 biolink:NamedThing horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) is a rare congenital autosomal recessive disease, presenting in children and adolescents, and characterized by progressive scoliosis along with the absence of conjugate horizontal eye movements and associated with failure of the somatosensory and corticospinal neuronal tracts to decussate in the medulla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011825 biolink:NamedThing streptococcus, group A, severity of infection by DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011848 biolink:NamedThing headache associated with sexual activity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011853 biolink:NamedThing Camptosynpolydactyly, complex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011854 biolink:NamedThing secretory diarrhea, myopathy, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011858 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia, ataxia, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011861 biolink:NamedThing breath-holding Spells DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011863 biolink:NamedThing prostate cancer aggressiveness quantitative trait locus on chromosome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011867 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia with cyst, bilateral facial clefts, and limb anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011887 biolink:NamedThing cataract, congenital, with mental impairment and dentate gyrus atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011918 biolink:NamedThing anxiety DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011922 biolink:NamedThing nonimmune chronic idiopathic neutropenia of adults DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011949 biolink:NamedThing Thai symphalangism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011958 biolink:NamedThing bile and pancreatic ducts, complete absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011973 biolink:NamedThing zinc deficiency, transient neonatal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011993 biolink:NamedThing aspirin resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012000 biolink:NamedThing specific phobia An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation. Exposure to the phobic stimulus immediately provokes an anxiety response. In adults, the specific phobia is recognized as excessive or unreasonable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012001 biolink:NamedThing mandibulofacial dysostosis with ptosis, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012005 biolink:NamedThing growth failure, microcephaly, intellectual disability, cataracts, large joint contractures, osteoporosis, cortical dysplasia, and cerebellar atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012007 biolink:NamedThing scimitar anomaly, multiple cardiac malformations, and craniofacial and central nervous system abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012011 biolink:NamedThing coronary artery disease, autosomal dominant, 1 Any coronary artery disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MEF2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012038 biolink:NamedThing speech-sound disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012047 biolink:NamedThing alopecia universalis congenita, 10Y gonadal dysgenesis, and laryngomalacia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012048 biolink:NamedThing endogenous depression Depression which is considered strictly biological. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012061 biolink:NamedThing familial sick sinus syndrome Sick sinus syndrome is a rare cardiac rhythm disease, usually of the elderly, characterized by electrocardiographic findings of sinus bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia sinus arrest, or sino-atrial block, and that manifest with symptoms like syncope, dizziness, palpitations, fatigue, or even heart failure. It results from malfunction of the cardiac conduction system, probably secondary to degenerative fibrosis of nodal tissue in the elderly or secondary to cardiac disorders in younger patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012068 biolink:NamedThing brachial palsy, familial congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012075 biolink:NamedThing oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012076 biolink:NamedThing midface hypoplasia, obesity, developmental delay, and neonatal hypotonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012107 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, adult-onset, with anosmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012129 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, arthritis, colitis, and hypogammaglobulinema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012133 biolink:NamedThing lateral semicircular canal malformation, familial, with external and middle ear abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012171 biolink:NamedThing marfanoid habitus with situs inversus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012174 biolink:NamedThing peripheral cone dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012176 biolink:NamedThing Emanuel syndrome Emanuel syndrome is a constitutional genomic disorder due to the presence of a supernumerary derivative 22 chromosome and characterized by severe intellectual disability, characteristic facial dysmorphism (micrognathia, hooded eyelids, upslanting downslanting parebral fissures, deep set eyes, low hanging columnella and long philtrum), congenital heart defects and kidney abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012178 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability with optic atrophy, facial dysmorphism, microcephaly, and short stature DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012182 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia, rhizomelic, with retinitis pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012207 biolink:NamedThing umbilicus, familial flat DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012218 biolink:NamedThing dandy-walker malformation with occipital cephalocele, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012223 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis, progressive patterned scalp, with wiry hair, onycholysis, and cleft lip/palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012242 biolink:NamedThing syncope, familial vasovagal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012243 biolink:NamedThing B-cell immunodeficiency, distal limb anomalies, and urogenital malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012255 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 18 pericentric inversion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012259 biolink:NamedThing colloid cysts of third ventricle Colloid cysts of the third ventricle are non-cancerous brain lesions. The third ventricle is a cavity in the brain that is filled with cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). Colloid cysts can cause blockages resulting in a build up of CSF in the brain (hydrocephalus) and increased pressure. Some colloid cysts are asymptomatic while others cause neurological symptoms, such as headaches, swelling of the optic nerve (papilledema), and drop attacks. When symptoms are present onset tends to be in the third to sixth decade of life. While uncommon, symptoms of colloid cyst can become life threatening. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012272 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, keratoconus, febrile seizures, and sinoatrial block DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012283 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate, midfacial hypoplasia, triangular facies, and sensorineural hearing loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012284 biolink:NamedThing nephropathy, progressive, with deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012288 biolink:NamedThing iridogoniodysgenesis and skeletal anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012298 biolink:NamedThing omphalocele, diaphragmatic hernia, and radial ray defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012311 biolink:NamedThing spondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia with upper limb mesomelia, punctate calcifications, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012319 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012325 biolink:NamedThing Nguyen syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012328 biolink:NamedThing trichilemmal cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012329 biolink:NamedThing short stature and Facioauriculothoracic malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012342 biolink:NamedThing 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 7 characterized by a highly variable phenotype that typically manifests with mild-moderate intellectual delay (patients could be in the normal range), speech disorders (particularly of expressive language), and distinctive craniofacial features (brachycephaly, broad forehead, straight eyebows, broad nasal tip, short piltrum, thin upper lip and facial asymmetry). hypotonia, developmental coordination disordes, behavioural problems (such as anxiety, ADHD and oppositional disorders) and various congenital anomalies, such as heart defects, diaphragmatic hernia, renal malformations and cryptorchidism, are frequently presented. Neurological abnormalities (visible on MRI) have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012347 biolink:NamedThing hamartoma, Precalcaneal congenital fibrolipomatous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012352 biolink:NamedThing vasculitis, lymphocytic, cutaneous small vessel DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012373 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia, sensorineural hearing loss, and distinctive facial features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012374 biolink:NamedThing brachyphalangy, polydactyly, and tibial aplasia/hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012385 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondrodysplasia with cone-shaped epiphyses, normal hair, and normal hands DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012386 biolink:NamedThing trichoscyphodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012390 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex with deafness, inguinal hernias, and early death DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012397 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly, coloboma, and anterior segment dysgenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012416 biolink:NamedThing Devriendt syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012428 biolink:NamedThing kyphoscoliosis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012451 biolink:NamedThing esophagitis, eosinophilic, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012454 biolink:NamedThing alcohol sensitivity, acute Alcohol intolerance is characterized by immediate unpleasant reactions after drinking alcohol. The most common signs and symptoms of alcohol intolerance are stuffy nose and skin flushing. Alcohol intolerance is caused by a genetic condition in which the body is unable to break down alcohol efficiently, usually found in Asians. These individuals accumulate acetaldehyde, the primary metabolite of ethanol, because of a genetic polymorphism of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) that metabolizes acetaldehyde to nontoxic acetate. The only way to prevent alcohol intolerance reactions is to avoid alcohol. Alcohol intolerance isn't an allergy. However, in some cases, what seems to be alcohol intolerance may be a reaction to something in an alcoholic beverage, such as chemicals, grains or preservatives. Combining alcohol with certain medications also can cause reactions. In rare instances, an unpleasant reaction to alcohol can be a sign of a serious underlying health problem that requires diagnosis and treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012455 biolink:NamedThing Kleefstra syndrome A genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, childhood hypotonia, severe expressive speech delay and a distinctive facial appearance with a spectrum of additional clinical features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012468 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic dysplasia, scoliosis, and retinitis pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012473 biolink:NamedThing right pulmonary artery, anomalous origin of, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012484 biolink:NamedThing prosopagnosia, hereditary An instance of prosopagnosia (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012486 biolink:NamedThing preauricular tag, isolated, autosomal dominant, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012494 biolink:NamedThing testicular microlithiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012511 biolink:NamedThing preterm premature rupture of the membranes A female reproductive system disease characterized by rupture of chorioamniotic membranes before 37 weeks of gestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012535 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly, recurrent infections, and monocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012541 biolink:NamedThing deafness with labyrinthine aplasia, microtia, and microdontia Deafness with labyrinthine aplasia, microtia, and microdontia (LAMM) is a genetic transmission deafness syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012550 biolink:NamedThing iris pattern DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012558 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia, Baumann type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012564 biolink:NamedThing Polyosteolysis-hyperostosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012572 biolink:NamedThing Sakoda complex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012586 biolink:NamedThing coronary artery disease, autosomal dominant 2 Any coronary artery disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRP6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012590 biolink:NamedThing XFE progeroid syndrome A syndrome characterized by aged bird-like facies, lack of subcutaneous fat, dwarfism, cachexia and microcephaly. Additional features include sun-sensitivity from birth, learning disabilities, hearing loss, and visual impairment. It has material basis in homozygous mutation in the ERCC4 gene on chromosome 16p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012642 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012657 biolink:NamedThing Mungan syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012668 biolink:NamedThing Tented eyebrows DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012685 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012686 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012692 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular acidosis, distal, with nephrocalcinosis, short stature, intellectual disability, and distinctive facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012711 biolink:NamedThing peripapillary atrophy, beta type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012712 biolink:NamedThing dystonia with cerebellar atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012722 biolink:NamedThing Dauwerse-Peters syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012732 biolink:NamedThing tremor, hereditary essential, and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012749 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dysplasia, camera type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012772 biolink:NamedThing Stevenson-Carey syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012773 biolink:NamedThing Hunter-Macdonald syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012795 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic rickets and hyperparathyroidism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012798 biolink:NamedThing deafness, unilateral, with delayed endolymphatic hydrops DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012809 biolink:NamedThing histiocytoma, Angiomatoid fibrous A low malignant potential soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation. It typically affects young patients, presenting as a slowly growing nodular or cystic tumor mass, most often in the subcutaneous tissues of the extremities. Occasionally, patients have systemic symptoms (anemia, fever, and weight loss). This tumor has a relatively good prognosis. A minority of patients develop local recurrences. Metastases are rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012814 biolink:NamedThing diastasis recti and weakness of the linea alba DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012865 biolink:NamedThing Pseudofolliculitis barbae DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012877 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012881 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012882 biolink:NamedThing major affective disorder 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012909 biolink:NamedThing skeletal defects, genital hypoplasia, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012998 biolink:NamedThing faciocardiomelic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013004 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, seizures, and precocious puberty DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013009 biolink:NamedThing Megarbane-Jalkh syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013037 biolink:NamedThing Giacheti syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013054 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, growth retardation, cataract, hearing loss, and unusual appearance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013055 biolink:NamedThing Stargardt macular degeneration, absent or hypoplastic corpus callosum, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013077 biolink:NamedThing Santos syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013149 biolink:NamedThing hydrops fetalis, nonimmune, with gracile bones and dysmorphic features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013189 biolink:NamedThing trichotillomania A disorder characterized by repetitive pulling out of one's hair resulting in noticeable hair loss; the individual experiences a rising subjective sense of tension before pulling out the hair and a sense of gratification or relief when pulling out the hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013194 biolink:NamedThing Pseudopili annulati DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013213 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, cisplatin-induced, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013214 biolink:NamedThing bile acid malabsorption, primary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013251 biolink:NamedThing Birbeck granule deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013260 biolink:NamedThing esophagitis, eosinophilic, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013318 biolink:NamedThing early repolarization associated with ventricular fibrillation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013319 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 4Q32.1-q32.2 triplication syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013321 biolink:NamedThing forsythe-wakeling syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013330 biolink:NamedThing agenesis of the corpus callosum and congenital lymphedema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013332 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly, type A1, with short stature, scoliosis, microcephaly, ptosis, hearing loss, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013333 biolink:NamedThing odontoid hypoplasia An often asymptomatic developmental abnormality of the cervical spine. It is characterized by the hypoplasia of the odontoid which appears as a stubby peg of an odontoid process. Symptoms may develop after minor trauma and include localized neck pain, atlantoaxial instability, and transient or permanent neurologic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013335 biolink:NamedThing tuberculin skin test reactivity, absence of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013353 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, anterior maxillary protrusion, and strabismus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013374 biolink:NamedThing supernumerary der(22)t(8;22) syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013461 biolink:NamedThing inosine triphosphatase deficiency An inherited condition caused by mutation(s) in the ITPA gene, encoding inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase. It is characterized by elevated concentrations of inosine triphosphate in erythrocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013462 biolink:NamedThing fucosyltransferase 6 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013473 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, cardiac defects, and autonomic dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013483 biolink:NamedThing obesity, hyperphagia, and developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013488 biolink:NamedThing lipodystrophy, partial, acquired, with low complement component c3, with or without glomerulonephritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013493 biolink:NamedThing acetyl-coa carboxylase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013497 biolink:NamedThing Okt4 epitope deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013511 biolink:NamedThing cyanosis, transient neonatal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013532 biolink:NamedThing protein Z deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013535 biolink:NamedThing hydroxyacyl glutathione hydrolase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013543 biolink:NamedThing trypsinogen deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013548 biolink:NamedThing acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase-2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013549 biolink:NamedThing N-acetylaspartate deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013564 biolink:NamedThing anhaptoglobinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013575 biolink:NamedThing plasma fibronectin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013598 biolink:NamedThing myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy Myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy is a rare condition characterized by reduced body fat and increased muscle size. Affected individuals have up to twice the usual amount of muscle mass in their bodies. They also tend to have increased muscle strength. This condition is not known to cause any medical problems, and affected individuals are intellectually normal. Myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy is caused by mutations in the MSTN gene. It follows an incomplete autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013614 biolink:NamedThing hypertelorism-preauricular sinus-punctual pits-deafness syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013618 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial anomalies and anterior segment dysgenesis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013660 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, Perthes disease, and upward gaze palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013663 biolink:NamedThing platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013668 biolink:NamedThing tetrasomy 18p Tetrasomy 18p is a very rare structural chromosomal anomaly affecting multiple body systems and characterized clinically by craniofacial abnormalities, delayed development, cognitive impairment, changes in muscle tone, distinctive facial features, and rarely renal malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013680 biolink:NamedThing cognitive impairment with or without cerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013732 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid therapy, response to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013772 biolink:NamedThing congenital cataract-hearing loss-severe developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013787 biolink:NamedThing psychomotor retardation, epilepsy, and craniofacial dysmorphism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013793 biolink:NamedThing encephalomyopathy, mitochondrial, due to voltage-dependent anion channel deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013856 biolink:NamedThing hypertelorism and other facial dysmorphism, brachydactyly, genital abnormalities, intellectual disability, and recurrent inflammatory episodes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013857 biolink:NamedThing alar cleft, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013909 biolink:NamedThing human herpesvirus 8, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013981 biolink:NamedThing myoclonus, familial A rare, genetic movement disorder characterized by autosomal dominant, adult-onset, slowly progressive, multifocal, cortical myoclonus. Patients present somatosensory-evoked, brief, jerky, involuntary movements in the face, arms and legs, associated in most of cases with sustained, multiple, sudden falls without loss of consciousness. Seizures or other neurological deficits, aside from mild cerebellar ataxia late in the course of the illness, are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013988 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014008 biolink:NamedThing phosphohydroxylysinuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014058 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism-immunodeficiency-livedo-short stature syndrome A rare genetic disease characterized by facial dysmorphism with malar hypoplasia and high forehead, immunodeficiency resulting in recurrent infections, impaired growth (with normal growth hormone production and response) resulting in short stature, and livedo affecting face and extremities. Immunological analyses show low memory B-cell and naïve T cell counts, decreased T cell proliferation, and reduced IgM, IgG2 and IgG4 titers. Patients do not exhibit increased susceptibility to cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014241 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, acute lymphoblastic, susceptibility to, 3 Any precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014250 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperprolactinemia Familial hyperprolactinemia is a rare, genetic endocrine disorder characterized by persistently high prolactin serum levels (not associated with gestation, puerperium, drug intake or pituitary tumor) in multiple affected family members. Clinically it manifests with signs usually observed in hyperprolactinemia, which are: secondary medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-negative amenorrhea and galactorrhea in female patients, and hypogonadism and decreased testosterone level-driven sexual disfunction in male patients. Oligomenorrhea and primary infertility have also been reported in some female patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014255 biolink:NamedThing complement factor b deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014263 biolink:NamedThing 8q24.3 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014362 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16 inversion, 0.45-Mb DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014404 biolink:NamedThing Webb-Dattani syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014415 biolink:NamedThing kallikrein, decreased urinary activity of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014448 biolink:NamedThing hyperthyroxinemia, familial dysalbuminemic An inherited autosomal dominant trait characterized by abnormally elevated levels of total serum thyroxine; (T4) in euthyroid patients with abnormal serum albumin that binds T4 with enhanced affinity. The serum levels of free T4, free T3, and tsh are normal. It is one of several T4 abnormalities produced by non-thyroid disorder. This condition is due to mutations of the alb gene on chromosome 4. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014535 biolink:NamedThing hyperproinsulinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014551 biolink:NamedThing short stature with nonspecific skeletal abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014553 biolink:NamedThing Tenorio syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014556 biolink:NamedThing congenital contractures of the limbs and face, hypotonia, and developmental delay A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by severe congenital contractures of the limbs and face, hypotonia, neonatal respiratory distress, and global developmental delay. Dysmorphic facial features include downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, large nares, long philtrum, and deep nasolabial folds, among others. Limb deformities (camptodactyly, clubfoot), short neck, scoliosis, as well as seizures have also been reported. Brain MRI may show cerebral and cerebellar atrophy in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014707 biolink:NamedThing 14q32 duplication syndrome 14q32 duplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 14 that results in a predisposition to a number of adult-onset myeloproliferative neoplasms, including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and myeloproliferative neoplasms, especially essential thrombocythemia. Progression to myelofibrosis and secondary acute myeloid leukemia can be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014766 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy and acquired microcephaly with or without dystonia; DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014769 biolink:NamedThing inherited oocyte maturation defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014778 biolink:NamedThing Lamb-Shaffer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014795 biolink:NamedThing exercise intolerance, riboflavin-responsive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014833 biolink:NamedThing heart and brain malformation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014834 biolink:NamedThing dyskinesia, limb and orofacial, infantile-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014839 biolink:NamedThing chorea, childhood-onset, with psychomotor retardation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014850 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa and erythrocytic microcytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014863 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014888 biolink:NamedThing MIRAGE syndrome An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the SAMD9 gene, encoding sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 9A. It is a syndromic condition comprising myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of growth, adrenal hypoplasia, genital abnormalities, and enteropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014918 biolink:NamedThing tall stature-intellectual disability-renal anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014931 biolink:NamedThing Alazami-Yuan syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014936 biolink:NamedThing ZTTK syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014940 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with ataxia, dystonia, and gaze palsy, childhood-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014946 biolink:NamedThing Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014948 biolink:NamedThing short stature, rhizomelic, with microcephaly, micrognathia, and developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014956 biolink:NamedThing Chitayat syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014957 biolink:NamedThing language delay and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder/cognitive impairment with or without cardiac arrhythmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014963 biolink:NamedThing Shashi-Pena syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014973 biolink:NamedThing sudden cardiac failure, infantile DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014974 biolink:NamedThing sudden cardiac failure, alcohol-induced DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014979 biolink:NamedThing myoclonus, intractable, neonatal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014980 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014984 biolink:NamedThing lung disease, immunodeficiency, and chromosome breakage syndrome; DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014994 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay, absent or hypoplastic corpus callosum, and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015014 biolink:NamedThing coloboma, osteopetrosis, microphthalmia, macrocephaly, albinism, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015019 biolink:NamedThing Yao syndrome An an autoinflammatory disease characterized by periodic fever, dermatitis, arthritis, and swelling of the distal extremities, as well as gastrointestinal and sicca-like symptoms. The disorder is associated with specific NOD2 variants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015021 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, ataxia, and delayed development syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015022 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and ptosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015084 biolink:NamedThing FRAXF syndrome FRAXF syndrome was originally identified in a family with developmental delay and an expanded CCG repeat at the folate-sensitive FRAXF fragile site. Since this initial description, FRAXF has been associated with a range of manifestations but no clear phenotype has been established. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015168 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a group of disorders characterized by congenital limb contractures. It manifests as limitation of movement of multiple limb joints at birth that is usually non-progressive and may include muscle weakness and fibrosis. AMC is always associated with decreased intrauterine fetal movement which leads secondarily to the contractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015263 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome A genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by complete or incomplete right bundle branch block accompanied by ST elevation in leads V1-V3. There is a high incidence of ventricular arrhythmia that may result in sudden death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015278 biolink:NamedThing familial pancreatic carcinoma Familial pancreatic carcinoma is defined by the presence of pancreatic cancer (PC) in two or more first-degree relatives. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015350 biolink:NamedThing 17q11.2 microduplication syndrome 17q11.2 microduplication syndrome is characterized by dysmorphic features and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015356 biolink:NamedThing hereditary neoplastic syndrome The inherited predisposition toward getting a tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015375 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome, Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015426 biolink:NamedThing Desbuquois dysplasia Desbuquois syndrome (DBQD) is an osteochondrodysplasia characterized by severe micromelic dwarfism, facial dysmorphism, joint laxity with multiple dislocations, vertebral and metaphyseal abnormalities and advanced carpotarsal ossification. Two forms have been distinguished on the basis of the presence (type 1) or the absence (type 2) of characteristic hand anomalies. A variant form of DBQD, Kim variant, has also been described and is characterized by short stature and articular, minor facial and significant hand anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015486 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus A degenerative, structural disorder of the eye, characterized by a cone-shaped protrusion of the cornea. It may lead to visual disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015508 biolink:NamedThing genetic parenchymatous liver disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015509 biolink:NamedThing genetic biliary tract disease Genetic biliary tract disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015547 biolink:NamedThing genetic dementia Genetic dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015609 biolink:NamedThing advanced sleep phase syndrome A very rare circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterized by very early sleep onset and offset possibly resulting in emotional and physical disruptions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015653 biolink:NamedThing monogenic epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015855 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital breast hypoplasia/aplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015999 biolink:NamedThing primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease A form of bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia that is often associated with adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH) independent Cushing syndrome and is characterized by small to normal sized adrenal glands containing multiple small cortical pigmented nodules (less than 1 cm in diameter). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016070 biolink:NamedThing hereditary gingival fibromatosis Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare benign, slowly progressive, non-inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia of the maxillary and mandibular gingivae that generally occurs with the eruption of the permanent (or more rarely the primary) dentition or even at birth. It presents as a localized or generalized, smooth or nodular overgrowth of the gingival tissues of varying severity. It can be isolated, with autosomal dominant inheritance, or as part of a syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016072 biolink:NamedThing anomaly of puberty or/and menstrual cycle of genetic origin An instance of anomaly of puberty or/and menstrual cycle that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016073 biolink:NamedThing syndromic microphthalmia A microphthalmia that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016107 biolink:NamedThing myotonic dystrophy An inherited progressive disorder affecting the muscles. It is characterized by muscle wasting and hypotonia, cataracts, heart conduction defects and endocrinopathies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016165 biolink:NamedThing genetic hypoparathyroidism Genetic hypoparathyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016166 biolink:NamedThing genetic hyperparathyroidism Genetic hyperparathyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016215 biolink:NamedThing spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy A type of spastic cerebral palsy characterized by increased muscle tone of all four extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016229 biolink:NamedThing genetic vascular anomaly An instance of vascular anomaly that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016248 biolink:NamedThing familial ovarian cancer An instance of ovarian cancer that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016296 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a complex brain malformation resulting from incomplete cleavage of the prosencephalon, occurring between the 18th and 28th day of gestation, and affecting both the forebrain and face, which results in neurological manifestations and facial anomalies of variable severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016349 biolink:NamedThing congenital hydrocephalus Hydrocephalus that is present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016419 biolink:NamedThing hereditary breast carcinoma Breast carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients with history of breast carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016483 biolink:NamedThing intracranial berry aneurysm An intracranial aneurysm with a characteristic rounded shape; the most common form of cerebral aneurysm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016512 biolink:NamedThing Kabuki syndrome Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by typical facial features, skeletal anomalies, mild to moderate intellectual disability and postnatal growth deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016525 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperaldosteronism Familial hyperaldosteronism (FH) is the heritable form of primary aldosteronism (PA) which comprises three identified subtypes to date: FH type I (FH-I) characterized by early-onset hypertension, glucocorticoid remediable adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent hyperaldosteronism, variable hypokalemia, and overproduction of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol; FH type II (FH-II) characterized by hypertension of varying severity and hyperaldosteronism not suppressible by dexamethasone; and FH type III (FH-III) characterized by profound hypokalemia, early-onset severe hypertension, non glucocorticoid-remediable hyperaldosteronism, and overproduction of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016558 biolink:NamedThing familial congenital mirror movements Congenital mirror movement disorder is a condition in which intentional movements of one side of the body are mirrored by involuntary movements of the other side. For example, when an affected individual makes a fist with the right hand, the left hand makes a similar movement. The mirror movements in this disorder primarily involve the upper limbs, especially the hands and fingers. This pattern of movements is present from infancy or early childhood and usually persists throughout life, without other associated signs and symptoms. Intelligence and lifespan are not affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016620 biolink:NamedThing primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy A genetically and clinically heterogeneous inherited disorder characterized by digital clubbing and osteoarthropathy, with variable features of pachydermia, delayed closure of the fontanels, and congenital heart disease. There are two types of PHO: pachydermoperiostosis and cranio-osteoarthropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016624 biolink:NamedThing inherited deficiency anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016820 biolink:NamedThing Moyamoya disease Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare intracranial arteriopathy involving progressive stenosis of the cerebral vasculature located at the base of the brain causing transient ischemic attacks or strokes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017127 biolink:NamedThing inherited soft tissue tumor An instance of mesenchymal cell neoplasm that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017128 biolink:NamedThing inherited digestive tract tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017129 biolink:NamedThing inherited cardiac tumor An instance of heart cancer that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017138 biolink:NamedThing Opitz G/BBB syndrome Opitz G/BBB syndrome (OS) is a multiple congenital anomalies disorder characterized by malformations of the midline including hypertelorism, laryngo-tracheo-esophalgeal defects and hypospadias. There are two clinically indistinguishable genetic subtypes of Opitz G/BBB: X-linked Opitz G/BBB syndrome (XLOS), and autosomal dominant Opitz G/BBB syndrome (ADOS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017329 biolink:NamedThing familial vesicoureteral reflux Familial vesicoureteral reflux is a rare, non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation characterized by the familial occurrence of retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter and sometimes the kidneys. Patients may be asymptomatic or may present with recurrent, sometimes febrile, urinary tract infections that, in case of acute pyelonephritis, may lead to serious complications (renal scarring, hypertension, renal failure). Spontaneous resolution of the disorder is possible. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017398 biolink:NamedThing 3MC syndrome 3MC syndrome describes a rare developmental disorder, that unifies the overlapping autosomal recessive disorders previously known as Carnevale, Mingarelli, Malpuech and Michels syndromes, characterized by a spectrum of developmental anomalies that include distinctive facial dysmorphism (i.e. hypertelorism, blepharophimosis, blepharoptosis, highly arched eyebrows), cleft lip and/or palate, craniosynostosis, learning disability, radioulnar synostosis and genital and vesicorenal anomalies. Less common features reported include anterior chamber defects, cardiac anomalies (e.g. ventricular septal defect), caudal appendage, umbilical hernia/omphalocele and diastasis recti. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017417 biolink:NamedThing renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia A rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by the triad of pancreatic fibrosis (and cysts, with a reduction of parenchymal tissue), renal dysplasia (with peripheral cortical cysts, primitive collecting ducts, glomerular cysts and metaplastic cartilage) and hepatic dysgenesis (enlarged portal areas containing numerous elongated binary profiles with a tendancy to perilobular fibrosis). Situs abnormalities, skeletal anomalies and anencephaly have also been associated. Patients that survive the neonatal period present renal insufficiency, chronic jaundice and insulin-dependant diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017436 biolink:NamedThing lethal congenital contracture syndrome A syndrome characterized by congenital nonprogressive joint contractures. The contractures can involve the upper or lower limbs and/or the vertebral column, leading to various degrees of flexion or extension limitations evident at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017813 biolink:NamedThing van Maldergem syndrome Cerebrofacioarticular syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability, a distinctive facial gestalt (blepharophimosis, maxillary hypoplasia, telecanthus, microtia and atresia of the external auditory meatus) as well as skeletal and articular abnormalities (e.g. camptodactyly of the fingers, cutaneous syndactyly, talipes equinovarus, flexion contractures of the proximal interphalangeal joints, hip or elbow subluxation, joint laxity). Affected individuals also present neonatal hypotonia, variable respiratory manifestations, chronic feeding difficulties and gray matter heterotopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017838 biolink:NamedThing sclerosteosis Sclerosteosis is a very rare serious sclerosing hyperostosis syndrome characterized clinically by variable syndactyly and progressive skeletal overgrowth (particularly of the skull), resulting in distinctive facial features (mandibular overgrowth, frontal bossing, midfacial hypoplasia), cranial nerve entrapment causing facial palsy and deafness, and potentially lethal elevation of intracranial pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017896 biolink:NamedThing familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma (fNMTC) is a rare non-syndromic form of thyroid cancer characterized by occurrence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) as the primary feature in a familial setting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018054 biolink:NamedThing familial atrial fibrillation An autosomal dominant heart condition that causes disruptions in the heart's normal rhythm. This condition is characterized by uncoordinated electrical activity in the heart's upper chambers (the atria), which causes the heartbeat to become fast and irregular. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018174 biolink:NamedThing hereditary glaucoma Hereditary glaucoma is a clinically diverse group of rare eye disorders with genetic predisposition characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucomatous changes of the optic nerve head, leading to field defects, visual loss and blindness. Hereditary glaucoma can be sub-classified as primary (congenital glaucoma, juvenile glaucoma) or secondary according to the presence or absence of systemic or other ocular anomalies (iridogoniodysgenesis, Stickler syndrome, Coats syndrome). The clinical presentation is variable and is based on age, severity of glaucoma, presence of ocular abnormalities and development of secondary IOP related abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018188 biolink:NamedThing genetic intestinal polyposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018203 biolink:NamedThing LMNA-related cardiocutaneous progeria syndrome A rare, genetic, premature aging syndrome characterized by adulthood-onset cutaneous manifestations that result in a prematurely aged appearance (i.e. premature thinning and graying of scalp hair, loss of subcutaneous fat, tightening of skin) associated with prominent cardiovascular manifestations, such as accelerated atherosclerosis, calcific valve disease, and cardiomyopathy. Patients present loss of eyebrows and eyelashes in childhood and have a predisposition to develop malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018212 biolink:NamedThing familial cervical artery dissection An instance of cervical artery dissection that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018230 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia Any Mendelian diseases that affects growth and development of the skeleton. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018257 biolink:NamedThing familial syringomyelia An instance of syringomyelia that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018309 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital intestinal motility disorder that is characterized by signs of intestinal obstruction due to the presence of an aganglionic segment of variable extent in the terminal part of the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018383 biolink:NamedThing osteonecrosis of genetic origin An instance of osteonecrosis that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018454 biolink:NamedThing dysostosis of genetic origin An instance of dysostosis that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018493 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia A pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle that presents as a hypermetabolic response to potent volatile anesthetic gases such as halothane, sevoflurane, desflurane and the depolarizing muscle relaxant succinylcholine, and rarely, to stresses such as vigorous exercise and heat. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018555 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism Abnormal ovarian or testicular function due to insufficient hormonal stimulation from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018677 biolink:NamedThing visceral heterotaxy A rare, genetic disorder in which symptoms are generally secondary to the abnormal location of the organs within the thoracic, abdominal, or peritoneal cavities. Anatomic and functional problems can include cardiac defects, intestinal malrotation leading to volvulus, biliary atresia, and various defects of the central nervous system, urinary tract, and skeleton. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018751 biolink:NamedThing genetic otorhinolaryngologic disease An instance of otorhinolaryngologic disease that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018801 biolink:NamedThing congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) is a condition leading to male infertility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018829 biolink:NamedThing familial schizencephaly An instance of schizencephaly that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018838 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly spectrum disorders The term lissencephaly covers a group of rare malformations sharing the common feature of anomalies in the appearance of brain convolutions (characterised by simplification or absence of folding) associated with abnormal organisation of the cortical layers as a result of neuronal migration defects during embryogenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018870 biolink:NamedThing arterial calcification of infancy Idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy is a rare condition characterized by extensive calcification and stenosis of the large and medium sized arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018940 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome Congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) is a group of genetic disorders of impaired neuromuscular transmission at the motor endplate characterized by fatigable muscle weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018943 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy Myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) describes a group of skeletal and cardiac muscle disorders, defined by the disintegration of myofibrils and aggregation of degradation products into intracellular inclusions, and is typically clinically characterized by slowly-progressive muscle weakness, which initially involves the distal muscles, but is highly variable and that can affect the proximal muscles as well as the cardiac and respiratory muscles in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018947 biolink:NamedThing centronuclear myopathy Centronuclear myopathy (CNM) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder characterized by clinical features of a congenital myopathy and centrally placed nuclei on muscle biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018949 biolink:NamedThing distal myopathy Distal myopathy refers to a group of muscle diseases which share the clinical pattern of predominant weakness and atrophy beginning in the feet and/or hands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018958 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy Nemaline myopathy (NM) encompasses a large spectrum of myopathies characterized by hypotonia, weakness and depressed or absent deep tendon reflexes, with pathologic evidence of nemaline bodies (rods) on muscle biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019019 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) comprises a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by increased bone fragility, low bone mass, and susceptibility to bone fractures with variable severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019050 biolink:NamedThing inherited hemoglobinopathy An inherited disorder characterized by structural alterations of a globin chain within the hemoglobin molecule. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019052 biolink:NamedThing inborn errors of metabolism An inherited disorder resulting from an enzyme defect in biochemical and metabolic pathways affecting proteins, fats, carbohydrates metabolism or organelle function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019078 biolink:NamedThing Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome Cranio-cerebello-cardiac (3C) syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by craniofacial (prominent occiput and forehead, hypertelorism, ocular coloboma, cleft palate), cerebellar (Dandy-Walker malformation, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia) and cardiac (tetralogy of Fallot, atrial and ventricular septal defects) anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019165 biolink:NamedThing central precocious puberty Central precocious puberty (CPP), also referred to as gonadotropin dependent precocious puberty, is an endocrine-related developmental disease characterized by the onset of pubertal changes, with development of secondary sexual characteristics and accelerated growth and bone maturation, before the normal age of puberty (8 years in girls and 9 years in boys). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019171 biolink:NamedThing familial long QT syndrome A hereditary cardiac disease characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval at basal ECG and by a high risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019182 biolink:NamedThing inherited obesity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019284 biolink:NamedThing inherited isolated nail anomaly A nail anomaly that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019443 biolink:NamedThing dextro-looped transposition of the great arteries Congenitally uncorrected transposition of the great arteries (congenitally uncorrected TGA), also referred to as complete transposition, is a congenital cardiac malformation characterized by atrioventricular concordance and ventriculoarterial (VA) discordance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019490 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial heart block A hereditary cardiac conduction disorder that may progress to complete atrioventricular (AV) block. The disease is either asymptomatic or manifests as dyspnea, dizziness, syncope, abdominal pain, heart failure or sudden death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019503 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment dysgenesis A spectrum of developmental anomalies that affect the development of the anterior segment of the eyeball resulting from abnormalities of neural crest migration and differentiation during embryologic development (Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, Peters anomaly, posterior keratoconus, and iridoschisis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019507 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) represents a group of developmental conditions affecting the structure and clinical appearance of the enamel of all or nearly all the teeth in a more or less equal manner, and which may be associated with morphologic or biochemical changes elsewhere in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019625 biolink:NamedThing familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection A rare genetic vascular disease characterized by the familial occurrence of thoracic aortic aneurysm, dissection or dilatation affecting one or more aortic segments (aortic root, ascending aorta, arch or descending aorta) in the absence of any other associated disease. Depending on the size, location and progression rate of dilatation/dissection, patients may be asymptomatic or may present dyspnea, cough, jaw, neck, chest or back pain, head, neck or upper limb edema, difficulty swallowing, voice hoarseness, pale skin, faint pulse and/or numbness/tingling in limbs. Patients have increased risk of presenting life threatening aortic rupture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019942 biolink:NamedThing distal arthrogryposis A muscle tissue disease characterized by congenital joint contractures of hand and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020066 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome The Ehlers–Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of heritable connective tissue disorders (HCTDs) characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020099 biolink:NamedThing inherited sideroblastic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020127 biolink:NamedThing genetic peripheral neuropathy Genetic peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020135 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia Pontocerebellar hypoplasias (PCH) are a rare heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by hypoplasia and atrophy and/or early neurodegeneration of the cerebellum and pons. Eight subtypes named type 1-8 have been described, generally inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020238 biolink:NamedThing inherited vitreous-retinal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020290 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular septal defect A spectrum of septal defects involving the atrial septum; ventricular septum; and the atrioventricular valves (tricuspid valve; bicuspid valve). These defects are due to incomplete growth and fusion of the endocardial cushions which are important in the formation of two atrioventricular canals, site of future atrioventricular valves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020341 biolink:NamedThing periventricular nodular heterotopia Periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) is a brain malformation, due to abnormal neuronal migration, in which a subset of neurons fails to migrate into the developing cerebral cortex and remains as nodules that line the ventricular surface. Classical PNH is a rare X-linked dominant disorder far more frequent in females who present normal intelligence to borderline intellectual deficit, epilepsy of variable severity and extra-central nervous system signs, especially cardiovascular defects or coagulopathy. The disorder is generally associated with prenatal lethality in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020364 biolink:NamedThing posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) is a rare mild subtype of posterior corneal dystrophy characterized by small aggregates of apparent vesicles bordered by a gray haze at the level of Descemet membrane, generally with no effect on vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020496 biolink:NamedThing familial porencephaly An instance of porencephaly that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020523 biolink:NamedThing familial parathyroid adenoma An instance of parathyroid gland adenoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020606 biolink:NamedThing sex-linked disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020647 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, renal agenesis, and ambiguous genitalia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020704 biolink:NamedThing inherited rippling muscle disease A rare, genetic, neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle hyperirritability triggered by stretch, percussion or movement. Patients present wave-like, electrically-silent muscle contractions (rippling), muscle mounding, painful muscle stiffness and muscle hypertrophy, usually with elevated serum creatine kinase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020732 biolink:NamedThing progeria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020774 biolink:NamedThing Menke-Hennekam syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020792 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism with tall vertebrae DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020840 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with hypogammaglobulinemia A primarily a lung disorder characterized by onset of respiratory insufficiency due to pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) in the first months of life. Affected individuals may have normal respiratory function at birth. Development of the disorder appears to be influenced or triggered by viral infection, manifest as progressive respiratory insufficiency, confluent consolidations on lung imaging, and diffuse collection of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive material in pulmonary alveoli associated with small and nonfoamy alveolar macrophages. Patients also have hypogammaglobulinemia, leukocytosis, and splenomegaly. Many patients die of respiratory failure in infancy or early childhood; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is curative. The pathogenesis may be related to abnormal function of alveolar macrophages, resulting in decreased catabolism of surfactant. The disorder results from a gain-of-function effect that particularly affects B cells and monocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020937 biolink:NamedThing contractures, pterygia, and variable skeletal fusions syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021060 biolink:NamedThing RASopathy Developmental syndromes caused by germline mutations (or in rare cases by somatic mosaicism) in genes that alter the Ras subfamily and mitogen-activated protein kinases that control signal transduction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021094 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency disease Disease in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021106 biolink:NamedThing laminopathy A rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins of the nuclear lamina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021107 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy A sleep disorder characterized by a tendency for excessive sleepiness during the day which occurs even after adequate sleep in the nighttime. The persons who suffer from this condition experience fatigue and may fall asleep at inappropriate times during the day. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021181 biolink:NamedThing inherited blood coagulation disorder Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of inherited abnormalities in blood coagulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021272 biolink:NamedThing inherited orthostatic hypotension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023003 biolink:NamedThing double fingernail of fifth finger DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023121 biolink:NamedThing familial partial paralysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023122 biolink:NamedThing familial prostate carcinoma Prostate carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients with a history of prostate carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023603 biolink:NamedThing hereditary disorder of connective tissue An inherited genetic disorder that affects the connective tissues. Representative examples include Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023880 biolink:NamedThing WHIM syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023910 biolink:NamedThing Martsolf syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023961 biolink:NamedThing visceral neuropathy, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024189 biolink:NamedThing neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease, multisystem, infantile-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024193 biolink:NamedThing portal hypertension, noncirrhotic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024237 biolink:NamedThing inherited neurodegenerative disorder An inherited disorder characterized by progressive degeneration and atrophy of the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025351 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies-neurodevelopmental syndrome, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025356 biolink:NamedThing azoospermia, obstructive, with nephrolithiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025511 biolink:NamedThing inherited neuroendocrine tumor An instance of neuroendocrine neoplasm that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025986 biolink:NamedThing megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026722 biolink:NamedThing Mullegama-Klein-Martinez syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026727 biolink:NamedThing Shukla-Vernon syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027749 biolink:NamedThing serpinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029131 biolink:NamedThing peripheral neuropathy, autosomal recessive, with or without impaired intellectual development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029143 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with hypertelorism and distinctive facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029144 biolink:NamedThing extraoral halitosis due to methanethiol oxidase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030005 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, early-onset, with or without developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030012 biolink:NamedThing Diets-Jongmans syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030018 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammation with episodic fever and lymphadenopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030026 biolink:NamedThing retinal dystrophy with leukodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030028 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration, childhood-onset, with ataxia, tremor, optic atrophy, and cognitive decline DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030029 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia, mild, with joint laxity and advanced bone age DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030030 biolink:NamedThing Nizon-Isidor syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030033 biolink:NamedThing seizures, early-onset, with neurodegeneration and brain calcifications DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030035 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, developmental delay, and episodic neurologic regression syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030036 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, motor delay, spasticity, and dysarthria syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030038 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma, primary closed-angle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030042 biolink:NamedThing proteinuria, chronic benign DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030045 biolink:NamedThing Liberfarb syndrome A progressive disorder involving connective tissue, bone, retina, ear, and brain, characterized by early-onset retinal degeneration, sensorineural hearing loss, microcephaly, intellectual disability, and skeletal dysplasia with scoliosis and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030047 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, developmental delay, and brittle hair syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030049 biolink:NamedThing 46,xx sex reversal 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030051 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with autistic features and language delay, with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030055 biolink:NamedThing sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency with peripheral neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030057 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental, jaw, eye, and digital syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030065 biolink:NamedThing agenesis of corpus callosum, cardiac, ocular, and genital syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030071 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 89 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030074 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with corneal dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030639 biolink:NamedThing Teebi hypertelorism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030796 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, hereditary diffuse, with spheroids DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030831 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal defect and immunodeficiency syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030835 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay, impaired growth, dysmorphic facies, and axonal neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030849 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with speech delay and axonal peripheral neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030871 biolink:NamedThing vertebral hypersegmentation and orofacial anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030873 biolink:NamedThing cardiofacioneurodevelopmental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030878 biolink:NamedThing Kaya-Barakat-Masson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030880 biolink:NamedThing mandibuloacral dysplasia progeroid syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030893 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, progressive, infantile-onset, with or without deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030897 biolink:NamedThing Lessel-Kreienkamp syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030900 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with paroxysmal dyskinesia or seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030947 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration, childhood-onset, with hypotonia, respiratory insufficiency, and brain imaging abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030963 biolink:NamedThing Li-Campeau syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030966 biolink:NamedThing neurofacioskeletal syndrome with or without renal agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030967 biolink:NamedThing deafness, congenital, and adult-onset progressive leukoencephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030976 biolink:NamedThing oculomotor-abducens synkinesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030977 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary motor, with myopathic features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030986 biolink:NamedThing blistering, acantholytic, of oral and laryngeal mucosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030987 biolink:NamedThing vertebral, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal, and limb defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030988 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay with dysmorphic facies and dental anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030990 biolink:NamedThing Kohlschutter-Tonz syndrome-like DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030991 biolink:NamedThing bile acid conjugation defect 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030992 biolink:NamedThing short stature, oligodontia, dysmorphic facies, and motor delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030995 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay with speech and behavioral abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031001 biolink:NamedThing vitreoretinopathy with phalangeal epiphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031002 biolink:NamedThing Baralle-Macken syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031006 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with ataxia and late-onset optic atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031115 biolink:NamedThing dyskinesia with orofacial involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031178 biolink:NamedThing monosomy 7 myelodysplasia and leukemia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031199 biolink:NamedThing inherited interstitial lung disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031200 biolink:NamedThing Bryant-Li-Bhoj neurodevelopmental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031213 biolink:NamedThing restrictive dermopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031240 biolink:NamedThing familial panic disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031280 biolink:NamedThing Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031323 biolink:NamedThing cardiac valvular defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031329 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial dysmorphism, skeletal anomalies, and impaired intellectual development syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031386 biolink:NamedThing cardioacrofacial dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031400 biolink:NamedThing Tessadori-Van-Haaften neurodevelopmental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031415 biolink:NamedThing Carey-Fineman-Ziter syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031432 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hormone metabolism, abnormal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031439 biolink:NamedThing short stature, facial dysmorphism, and skeletal anomalies with or without cardiac anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031632 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay with short stature, dysmorphic facial features, and sparse hair DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031646 biolink:NamedThing Braddock-Carey syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032565 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegia, external, with rib and vertebral anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032568 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with macrocephaly, seizures, and speech delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032572 biolink:NamedThing cardiac, facial, and digital anomalies with developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032574 biolink:NamedThing osteochondrodysplasia, brachydactyly, and overlapping malformed digits DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032579 biolink:NamedThing warburg-cinotti syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032592 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, 2c DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032594 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder and retinitis pigmentosa; IDDRP DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032600 biolink:NamedThing Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032601 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, and encephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032607 biolink:NamedThing vertebral anomalies and variable endocrine and T-cell dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032614 biolink:NamedThing epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032642 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, cleft palate, craniosynostosis, and impaired intellectual development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032644 biolink:NamedThing epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032645 biolink:NamedThing trichohepatoneurodevelopmental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032648 biolink:NamedThing mega-corpus-callosum syndrome with cerebellar hypoplasia and cortical malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032650 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration, childhood-onset, with cerebellar atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032651 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis, neurodegeneration, and cerebral angiomatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032653 biolink:NamedThing cardiac-urogenital syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032655 biolink:NamedThing visual impairment and progressive phthisis bulbi DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032656 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, cataracts, impaired intellectual development, and dystonia with abnormal striatum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032658 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly, acquired, with impaired intellectual development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032659 biolink:NamedThing mucocutaneous ulceration, chronic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032666 biolink:NamedThing epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032667 biolink:NamedThing epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032672 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with cardiac defects and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032680 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay with or without impaired intellectual development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032685 biolink:NamedThing infantile cataract, skin abnormalities, glutamate excess, and impaired intellectual development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032687 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with abnormal behavior, microcephaly, and short stature DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032688 biolink:NamedThing polymicrogyria with or without vascular-type ehlers-danlos syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032690 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, growth deficiency, seizures, and brain malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032699 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032707 biolink:NamedThing turnpenny-fry syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032714 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism, hypertrichosis, epilepsy, intellectual/developmental delay, and gingival overgrowth syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032716 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, acute reversible, with increased urinary alpha-ketoglutarate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032733 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay, progressive ataxia, and elevated glutamine DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032736 biolink:NamedThing metabolic crises, recurrent, with variable encephalomyopathic features and neurologic regression DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032738 biolink:NamedThing gonadal dysgenesis, dysmorphic facies, retinal dystrophy, and myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032745 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay with variable intellectual impairment and behavioral abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032758 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration, early-onset, with choreoathetoid movements and microcytic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032759 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with short stature and variable skeletal anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032760 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay with or without dysmorphic facies and autism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032764 biolink:NamedThing Khan-Khan-Katsanis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032772 biolink:NamedThing brain abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and dysosteosclerosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032774 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar, ocular, craniofacial, and genital syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032780 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, hypoventilation, impaired intellectual development, dysautonomia, epilepsy, and eye abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032781 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypotonia, epilepsy, developmental delay, and digital anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032788 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar atrophy with seizures and variable developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032793 biolink:NamedThing O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032797 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, congenital, with tremor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032798 biolink:NamedThing ichthyotic keratoderma, spasticity, hypomyelination, and dysmorphic facial features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032805 biolink:NamedThing hypopigmentation, organomegaly, and delayed myelination and development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032809 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis, fulminant viral, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032814 biolink:NamedThing microangiopathy and leukoencephalopathy, pontine, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032821 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, congenital, progressive, with scoliosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032824 biolink:NamedThing glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032827 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032828 biolink:NamedThing spastic tetraplegia and axial hypotonia, progressive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032830 biolink:NamedThing snijders blok-fisher syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032832 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with nasal speech, dysmorphic facies, and variable skeletal anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032833 biolink:NamedThing lower urinary tract obstruction, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032836 biolink:NamedThing weiss-kruszka syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032841 biolink:NamedThing Usher syndrome, type 1M DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032842 biolink:NamedThing Siddiqi syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032843 biolink:NamedThing oculopharyngeal myopathy with leukoencephalopathy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032850 biolink:NamedThing neurooculocardiogenitourinary syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032851 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with impaired language and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032852 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, congenital, with structured cores and z-line abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032853 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, distal, 6, adult-onset, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032862 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus, congenital communicating, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032864 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with speech delay, autism, and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032867 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032868 biolink:NamedThing lessel-kubisch syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032870 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with short stature and behavioral abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032875 biolink:NamedThing short stature and microcephaly with genital anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032879 biolink:NamedThing megabladder, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032882 biolink:NamedThing Heyn-Sproul-Jackson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032883 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with behavioral abnormalities and craniofacial dysmorphism with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032884 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia with facial dysmorphism and acral, ocular, and brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032885 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Isidor-Toutain type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032886 biolink:NamedThing Liang-Wang syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032890 biolink:NamedThing neuromuscular disease and ocular or auditory anomalies with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032892 biolink:NamedThing structural brain anomalies with impaired intellectual development and craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032893 biolink:NamedThing pachygyria, microcephaly, developmental delay, and dysmorphic facies, with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032897 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with hypotonia and behavioral abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032901 biolink:NamedThing Catifa syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032908 biolink:NamedThing CEBALID syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032913 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032916 biolink:NamedThing Imagawa-Matsumoto syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032920 biolink:NamedThing juvenile arthritis due to defect in LACC1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032922 biolink:NamedThing Beck-Fahrner syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032925 biolink:NamedThing respiratory papillomatosis, juvenile recurrent, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032926 biolink:NamedThing sandestig-stefanova syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032927 biolink:NamedThing triokinase and FMN cyclase deficiency syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032928 biolink:NamedThing T-cell lymphopenia, infantile, with or without nail dystrophy, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032930 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with poor growth and with or without seizures or ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032931 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, hypotonia, and respiratory insufficiency syndrome, neonatal lethal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032933 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1p36.33 duplication syndrome, atad3 gene cluster, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032934 biolink:NamedThing genitourinary and/or brain malformation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032935 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic limb shortening with dysmorphic features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032936 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, congenital, with respiratory insufficiency and bone fractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032937 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, congenital proximal, with minicore lesions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033211 biolink:NamedThing diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033532 biolink:NamedThing Suleiman-El-Hattab syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033543 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod synaptic disorder syndrome, congenital nonprogressive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033544 biolink:NamedThing Tolchin-Le Caignec syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033546 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration, infantile-onset, biotin-responsive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033547 biolink:NamedThing Li-Ghorbani-Weisz-Hubshman syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033548 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, congenital, with diaphragmatic defects, respiratory insufficiency, and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033558 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammation, immune dysregulation, and eosinophilia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033559 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with seizures and language delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033560 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 35 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033561 biolink:NamedThing deeah syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033569 biolink:NamedThing combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 49 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033570 biolink:NamedThing combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 50 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033572 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with epilepsy, behavioral abnormalities, and coarse facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033618 biolink:NamedThing Vissers-Bodmer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033619 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, epilepsy, and progressive cerebral atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033621 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy, infantile, James type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033640 biolink:NamedThing vitamin D-dependent rickets, type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033641 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate, proliferative retinopathy, and developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033644 biolink:NamedThing microcornea, rod-cone dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033664 biolink:NamedThing Kilquist syndrome An autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by neurologic, gastrointestinal, and secretory dysfunction. Affected individuals present at birth with hypotonia, feeding difficulties, mild dysmorphic features, and sensorineural hearing loss. They show poor overall growth associated with gastrointestinal anomalies such as gastroesophageal reflux or midgut malrotation, as well as profound global developmental delay with inability to sit or speak. Tear, sweat, and saliva production is also impaired, causing dry mouth and recurrent bronchial mucus plugging. Some of the clinical features are reminiscent of cystic fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033667 biolink:NamedThing Delpire-McNeill syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035534 biolink:NamedThing DONSON-related microcephaly-short stature-limb abnormalities spectrum A rare autosomal recessive microcephalic primordial dwarfism characterized by congenital microcephaly and craniofacial features associated with a spectrum of limb abnormalities ranging from mild to severe. Short stature is frequently observed and often is severe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035660 biolink:NamedThing GNAO1-related developmental delay-seizures-movement disorder spectrum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036189 biolink:NamedThing oculogastrointestinal-neurodevelopmental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036192 biolink:NamedThing EN1-related dorsoventral syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036193 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonism with polyneuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036212 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraparesis-cataracts-speech delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037940 biolink:NamedThing inherited auditory system disease An instance of auditory system disease that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042966 biolink:NamedThing inherited mitral valve disease An instance of mitral valve disease that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042973 biolink:NamedThing familial osteosclerosis An instance of osteosclerosis that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044203 biolink:NamedThing foveal hypoplasia Underdevelopment of the fovea centralis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044302 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, dysmorphic facial features, and intellectual developmental disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044303 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects and ectodermal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044311 biolink:NamedThing brachycephaly, trichomegaly, and developmental delay BTDD is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by brachycephaly, trichomegaly, and developmental delay. Although it is caused by dysfunction of the ribosome, patients do not have anemia (summary by {2:Paolini et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044316 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia, anemia, and myelofibrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044321 biolink:NamedThing structural heart defects and renal anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044807 biolink:NamedThing inherited dystonia An instance of dystonic disorder that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056822 biolink:NamedThing amyotonia congenita DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060456 biolink:NamedThing cerebral sclerosis, diffuse, scholz type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060457 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammation with arthritis and dyskeratosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060507 biolink:NamedThing retinal dystrophy with or without macular staphyloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060510 biolink:NamedThing Cohen-Gibson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060527 biolink:NamedThing maleylacetoacetate isomerase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060532 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects and skeletal malformations syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060533 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, short stature, and limb abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060549 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract syndrome with or without hearing loss, abnormal ears, or developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060551 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar atrophy, developmental delay, and seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060583 biolink:NamedThing platelet abnormalities with eosinophilia and immune-mediated inflammatory disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060589 biolink:NamedThing facial palsy, congenital, with ptosis and velopharyngeal dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060591 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, developmental delay, and hypohomocysteinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060592 biolink:NamedThing Sweeney-Cox syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060611 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency and megaloblastic anemia with or without hyperhomocysteinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060631 biolink:NamedThing Alkuraya-Kucinskas syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060662 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia-like DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060663 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060666 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, ataxia, developmental delay, and tooth enamel defect syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060677 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1p35 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060688 biolink:NamedThing hyperthyroxinemia, euthyroid, caused by generalized 5-prime-deiodinase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060707 biolink:NamedThing Ververi-Brady syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060711 biolink:NamedThing Jaberi-Elahi syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060713 biolink:NamedThing deafness, congenital heart defects, and posterior embryotoxon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060733 biolink:NamedThing humerofemoral hypoplasia with radiotibial ray deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060745 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with or without epilepsy or cerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060760 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and behavioral abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100039 biolink:NamedThing CDKL5 disorder A monogenic disease that has material basis in mutation in the CDKL5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100045 biolink:NamedThing epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100111 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and neurodevelopmental syndrome A Mendelian diseases characterized by global developmental delay and renal dysfunction manifest as proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome apparent from infancy or early childhood. Some patients present with renal disease, whereas others present with developmental delay and develop renal disease later in childhood. Renal biopsy shows focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), but the course of the disease is variable: some patients have transient proteinuria and others require renal transplant. Neurodevelopmental features are also variable, with some patients having only mildly impaired intellectual development, and others having a severe developmental disorder associated with early-onset refractory seizures or epileptic encephalopathy. Additional features, including feeding difficulties, poor overall growth, and nonspecific dysmorphic facial features, are commonly observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100118 biolink:NamedThing genetic skin disorder An instance of skin disease that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100176 biolink:NamedThing AP-4 deficiency syndrome A genetic disorder associated with variation(s) in the AP4 genes: AP4B1, AP4E1, AP4M1, and AP4S1. The phenotypes observed in individuals with genetic variants in these genes are often complex and include intellectual disability, spastic paraplegia, microcephaly, brain abnormalities, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100191 biolink:NamedThing inherited kidney disorder A type of genetic disorder manifestations of primary clinical importance in the and that primarily results from alterations in one gene or from an alternation of the genome affecting one or more gene or functional element. Said genetic or genomic alteration may be inherited from one or both parents or may occur de novo. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100198 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian encephalopathy An instance of encephalopathy that is caused by an inherited genomic modification in an individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100209 biolink:NamedThing X inactivation, familial skewed DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100210 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone insensitivity syndrome with immune dysregulation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100214 biolink:NamedThing Rajab interstitial lung disease with brain calcifications DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100239 biolink:NamedThing inherited hypertrophic pyloric stenosis An instance of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis that is inherited. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100241 biolink:NamedThing inherited thrombocytopenia An instance of thrombocytopenia that is inherited. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100247 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100309 biolink:NamedThing hereditary ataxia An instance of an atactic disorder that is caused by an inherited genomic modification in an individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100328 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, epilepsy, and diabetes syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100337 biolink:NamedThing SEC61A1 deficiency Any Mendelian disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEC61A1 gene. It is characterized by variable presentation of phenotypes in patients, including autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease, primary antibody deficiency, and severe congenital neutropenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100457 biolink:NamedThing achalasia, familial esophageal An instance of achalsia that is caused by an inherited genomic modification in an individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100458 biolink:NamedThing MECOM-associated syndrome Any syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MECOM gene. MECOM-associated syndrome has a variable phenotypic pattern, ranging from isolated radioulnar synostosis with no or mild hematological involvement to severe bone marrow failure without obvious skeletal abnormalities. The clinical picture can also include clinodactyly, cardiac and renal malformations, B-cell deficiency, amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, and presenile hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100500 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian neurodevelopmental disorder A neurodevelopmental disorder that is caused by genetic modifications where those modifications are inherited from a parent's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700120 biolink:NamedThing BAFopathy Disorder caused by mutations in the various subunits composing the BAF complex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800031 biolink:NamedThing central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800132 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory-pancytopenia syndrome due to DNASE2 deficiency An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe anemia and thrombocytopenia apparent from early infancy, hepatosplenomegaly, and recurrent fevers associated with a hyperinflammatory state. Additional systemic features may include chronic diarrhea, proteinuria with renal disease, liver fibrosis with elevated liver enzymes, deforming arthropathy, and vasculitic skin lesions. Some patients may have motor delay or learning difficulties associated with subcortical white matter lesions on brain imaging. Laboratory studies show increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and increased expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), consistent with a type I interferonopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800296 biolink:NamedThing microcornea, rod-cone dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800299 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, congenital, with excess of muscle spindles DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800408 biolink:NamedThing urogenital adysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800412 biolink:NamedThing yakut short stature syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000014 biolink:NamedThing colorblindness, partial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001703 biolink:NamedThing color vision disorder The absence of or defect in the perception of colors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001828 biolink:NamedThing acquired color blindness Non-heritable difficulty in distinguishing colors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008610 biolink:NamedThing blue color blindness Tritanopia is an extremely rare form of colour blindness characterised by a selective deficiency of blue vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010565 biolink:NamedThing red color blindness Protanopia is a severe type of color vision deficiency caused by the complete absence of red retinal photoreceptors. Protans have difficulties distinguishing between blue and green colors and also between red and green colors. It is a form of dichromatism in which the subject can only perceive light wavelengths from 400 to 650 nm, instead of the usual 700 nm. Pure reds cannot be seen, instead appearing black; purple colors cannot be distinguished from blues; more orange-tinted reds may appear as very dim yellows, and all orange-yellow-green shades of too long a wavelength to stimulate the blue receptors appear as a similar yellow hue. It is hereditary, sex-linked, and present in 1% of males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018852 biolink:NamedThing achromatopsia Achromatopsia (ACHM) is a rare autosomal recessive retinal disorder characterized by color blindness, nystagmus, photophobia, and severely reduced visual acuity due to the absence or impairment of cone function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800197 biolink:NamedThing achromatopsia 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000015 biolink:NamedThing classic complement early component deficiency A genetic deficiency of any early component of the classical pathway (C1q, C1r/s, C2, C4, and C3) that is associated with autoimmune diseases due to the failure of clearance of immune complexes (IC) and apoptotic materials, and the impairment of normal humoral response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003832 biolink:NamedThing complement deficiency A genetic deficiency of any of the component of the complement system (including the classical, alternative, and terminal pathway components), that can either be acquired or inherited. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012594 biolink:NamedThing complement factor I deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013487 biolink:NamedThing recurrent Neisseria infections due to factor D deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015699 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency due to a classical component pathway complement deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015700 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency due to a late component of complement deficiency A genetic deficiency of any membrane attack complex (MAC, also known as terminal component complex (TCC)) component of the complement system (C5, C6, C7, C8, C9). Deficiencies of the terminal complement pathway results in a predisposition to infections, such as invasive meningococcal disease or disseminated gonococcal infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016244 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by mechanical hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022812 biolink:NamedThing complement receptor deficiency A disorder with basis in disruption of a complement receptor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044209 biolink:NamedThing disorder of lectin complement activation pathway A disease that has its basis in the disruption of complement activation, lectin pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000022 biolink:NamedThing nocturnal enuresis Urination during sleep. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024290 biolink:NamedThing enuresis An elimination disorder characterized by urinary incontinence, whether involuntary or intentional, which is not due to a medical condition and which occurs at or beyond an age at which continence is expected (usually 5 years). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000023 biolink:NamedThing infantile liver failure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009105 biolink:NamedThing trichohepatoenteric syndrome A severe congenital enteropathy manifesting as intractable diarrhea in the first month of life with failure to thrive and associated with facial dysmorphism, hair abnormalities, and, in some cases, immune disorders and intrauterine growth restriction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013771 biolink:NamedThing transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia and hepatosteatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014744 biolink:NamedThing acute infantile liver failure-cerebellar ataxia-peripheral sensory motor neuropathy syndrome An autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the SCYL1 gene on chromosome 11q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014911 biolink:NamedThing growth retardation, intellectual developmental disorder, hypotonia, and hepatopathy A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disease characterized by severe intrauterine and post-natal growth delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, and neonatal-onset hepatopathy with fibrosis, steatosis, and/or cholestasis, occasionally leading to liver failure. Additional variable manifestations include muscular hypotonia, zinc deficiency, recurrent infections, diabetes mellitus, joint contractures, skin and joint laxity, hypervitaminosis D, and sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018317 biolink:NamedThing growth retardation-mild developmental delay-chronic hepatitis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018346 biolink:NamedThing ferro-cerebro-cutaneous syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000030 biolink:NamedThing sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002612 biolink:NamedThing frontal lobe epilepsy A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by seizures which arise in the frontal lobe. A variety of clinical syndromes exist depending on the exact location of the seizure focus. Frontal lobe seizures may be idiopathic (cryptogenic) or caused by an identifiable disease process such as traumatic injuries, neoplasms, or other macroscopic or microscopic lesions of the frontal lobes (symptomatic frontal lobe seizures). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp318-9) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020300 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) is a seizure disorder characterized by intermittent dystonia and/or choreoathetoid movements that occur during sleep. The clusters of nocturnal motor seizures are often stereotyped and brief. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041284 biolink:NamedThing primary motor cortex epilepsy A epilepsy that involves the primary motor cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017704 biolink:NamedThing familial partial epilepsy An instance of partial epilepsy that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005115 biolink:NamedThing temporal lobe epilepsy A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the temporal lobe, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see epilepsy, complex partial) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (i.e., related to an identified disease process or lesion). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007295 biolink:NamedThing childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes A childhood-onset epilepsy syndrom that is characterized by onset of seizures between 3 and 14 years (peak 8-9 years) that usually resolve by age 13 years, but can occasionally occur up to age 18 years of age. Both sexes are affected. Antecedent, birth and neonatal history is normal. A history of febrile seizure (in 5-15%) may be seen. A history of Panayiotopoulos syndrome may be present in a very small number of cases. Neurological exam and head size is normal. Development and cognition prior to onset of seizures is normal. During the course of the active epilepsy, behavioral and neuropsychological deficits may be found, particularly in language and executive functioning. These deficits improve when seizures remit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009696 biolink:NamedThing juvenile myoclonic epilepsy Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is the most common hereditary idiopathic generalized epilepsy syndrome and is characterized by myoclonic jerks of the upper limbs on awakening, generalized tonic-clonic seizures manifesting during adolescence and triggered by sleep deprivation, alcohol intake, and cognitive activities, and typical absence seizures (30% of cases). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012276 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy-paroxysmal dyskinesia syndrome Generalized epilepsy-paroxysmal dyskinesia syndrome is characterised by the association of paroxysmal dyskinesia and generalised epilepsy (usually absence or generalised tonic-clonic seizures) in the same individual or family. The prevalence is unknown. Analysis in one of the reported families led to the identification of a causative mutation in the KCNMA1 gene (chromosome 10q22), encoding the alpha subunit of the BK channel. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013742 biolink:NamedThing familial mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with febrile seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015586 biolink:NamedThing benign familial mesial temporal lobe epilepsy Benign familial mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is a rare epilepsy characterized by seizures with viscerosensory or experential auras, onset in adolescence or early adulthood and good prognosis. It is defined as at least 24 months of seizure freedom with or without antiepileptic medication. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020310 biolink:NamedThing familial focal epilepsy with variable foci Familial focal epilepsy with variable foci is a rare genetic epilepsy disorder characterized by autosomal dominant lesional and nonlesional focal epilepsy with variable penetrance. Focal seizures emanate from different cortical locations (temporal, frontal, centroparietal, parietal, parietaloccipital, occipital) in different family members, but for each individual a single focus remains constant throughout lifetime. Seizure type (tonic, tonic-clonic or hyperkinetic) and severity varies among family members and tends to decrease (but do not disappear) during adulthood. Many patients have an aura and show automatisms during diurnal seizures whereas others have nocturnal seizures. Most individuals are of normal intelligence but patients with intellectual disability, autistic spectrum disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder have been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020476 biolink:NamedThing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis is a rare epilepsy syndrome defined by seizures originating in limbic areas of the mesial temporal lobe, particularly in the hippocampus, amygdala, and in the parahippocampal gyrus and its connections, and hippocampal sclerosis, usually unilateral or assymetric. It is frequently associated with an initial precipitating event, such as febrile seizures, hypoxia, intracranial infection or head trauma, most often occurring in the first five years of life, followed by a latent period without seizures. Typical seizures consist of a characteristic aura that is frequently a rising epigastric sensation associated with emotional disturbances, illusions, and autonomic symptoms (widened pupils, palpitations), progressive impairment of consciousness, oro-alimentary automatisms (lip smacking, chewing, licking, tooth grinding), behavioral arrest, head deviation, dystonic postures, hand and verbal automatisms. Seizures are followed by postictal dysfunction. Initially, seizures are easily controlled with antiepileptic drugs, later they frequently become refractory and associated with progressive behavioral changes and memory deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024300 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic rickets Rickets due to low serum phosphate concentrations, the cause of which can be nutritional or genetic. This condition is characterized by normal parathyroid hormone concentrations, usually caused by renal phosphate wasting occurring in isolation or as part of a renal tubular disorder, and characterized by resistance to treatment with ultraviolet radiation or vitamin D. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018612 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypothyroidism A thyroid hormone deficiency present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015792 biolink:NamedThing transient congenital hypothyroidism A common, self-limiting thyroid disorder seen in preterm infants that is characterized by abnormally low serum levels of thyroxine and free thyroxine with normal serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016408 biolink:NamedThing permanent congenital hypothyroidism Permanent congenital hypothyroidism is a type of congenital hypothyroidism (CH), a thyroid hormone deficiency present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019858 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic congenital hypothyroidism Idiopathic congenital hypothyroidism is a type of primary congenital hypothyroidism whose cause and prevalence are unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043103 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism due to iodide transport defect A condition associated with reduced active import of iodide across the basolateral membrane of the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Inactivating mutations in the SLC5A5 gene encoding the sodium-iodide symporter are responsible for the condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000050 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital growth hormone deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013099 biolink:NamedThing combined pituitary hormone deficiencies, genetic form Congenital hypopituitarism is characterized by multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, including somatotroph, thyrotroph, lactotroph, corticotroph or gonadotroph deficiencies, due to mutations of pituitary transcription factors involved in pituitary ontogenesis. Congenital hypopituitarism is rare compared with the high incidence of hypopituitarism induced by pituitary adenomas, transsphenoidal surgery or radiotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008428 biolink:NamedThing septooptic dysplasia Septooptic dysplasia (SOD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder characterized by the classical triad of optic nerve hypoplasia, pituitary hormone abnormalities and midline brain defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009091 biolink:NamedThing non-acquired combined pituitary hormone deficiency with spine abnormalities Non-acquired combined pituitary hormone deficiency-sensorineural hearing loss-spine abnormalities syndrome is a rare, genetic, non-acquired, combined pituitary hormone deficiency disorder characterized by panhypopituitarism (with or without ACTH deficiency) associated with spine abnormalities, including frequent rigid cervical spine and short neck with limited rotation, and variable degrees of sensorineural hearing loss. The anterior pituitary gland is usually abnormal (typically hypoplastic) and rarely a mild developmental delay or intellectual disability may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009880 biolink:NamedThing short stature-pituitary and cerebellar defects-small sella turcica syndrome Short stature-pituitary and cerebellar defects-small sella turcica syndrome is characterised by short stature, anterior pituitary hormone deficiency, small sella turcica, and a hypoplastic anterior hypophysis associated with pointed cerebellar tonsils. It has been described in three generations of a large French kindred. Ectopia of the posterior hypophysis was observed in some patients. The syndrome is transmitted as a dominantly inherited trait and is caused by a germline mutation within the LIM-homeobox transcription factor LHX4 gene (1q25). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013518 biolink:NamedThing pituitary hormone deficiency, combined, 6 Any combined pituitary hormone deficiencies, genetic form in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OTX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019591 biolink:NamedThing panhypopituitarism Insufficient production of all the anterior pituitary hormones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024464 biolink:NamedThing pituitary hormone deficiency, combined, 1 Any combined pituitary hormone deficiencies, genetic form in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POU1F1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000060 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001149 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly A congenital or acquired developmental disorder in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal for the person's age and sex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000181 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly and chorioretinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000208 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, short stature, and impaired glucose metabolism 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013254 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014785 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, short stature, and impaired glucose metabolism 2 Any microcephaly, short stature, and impaired glucose metabolism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PPP1R15B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016056 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital microcephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043137 biolink:NamedThing isolated microcephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100200 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly with intellectual disability Microcephaly characterized by both microcephaly and atypical neurodevelopment, without other commonly reported non-brain related phenotypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700116 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly with lissencephaly and/or hydranencephaly A brain disorder caused by biallelic variants in NDE1 that is characterized by extreme microcephaly (typically head circumference of more than 10 standard deviations (SD) below the mean), profound motor and intellectual disability, spasticity, and incomplete cerebral formation. Radiologic studies demonstrate overt microcephaly with cortical dysgenesis ranging from simplification to pachygyria/lissencephaly to hydranencephaly. Agenesis of the corpus callosum as well as hypoplasia of the brainstem and cerebellum are typically present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021129 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia Congenital or developmental anomaly in which the eyeballs are abnormally small. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023538 biolink:NamedThing Kaplowitz-Bodurtha syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043135 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly microphthalmos blindness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000065 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020573 biolink:NamedThing inherited disease susceptibility A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000070 biolink:NamedThing mycobacterium tuberculosis, susceptibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000093 biolink:NamedThing Schistosoma mansoni infection, susceptibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000108 biolink:NamedThing bacteremia, susceptibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000144 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000162 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune thyroid disease, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003582 biolink:NamedThing hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome An autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. Patients are at high risk of developing breast cancer, particularly before the age of fifty, high risk of developing a second primary breast cancer, and high risk of developing both breast and ovarian cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007148 biolink:NamedThing appendicitis, proneness to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007169 biolink:NamedThing atherosclerosis susceptibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007190 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, chronic lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007462 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007487 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007541 biolink:NamedThing endometriosis, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007573 biolink:NamedThing erythroleukemia, familial, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing acute erythroleukemia in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the ERBB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007704 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis susceptibility 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007781 biolink:NamedThing essential hypertension, genetic An instance of essential hypertension that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007845 biolink:NamedThing Kaposi sarcoma, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007966 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to uveal melanoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008067 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal carcinoma, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008072 biolink:NamedThing IgA nephropathy, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008143 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis susceptibility 1 Any osteoarthritis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FRZB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008162 biolink:NamedThing otitis media, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008313 biolink:NamedThing pelvic organ prolapse, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008344 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary edema of mountaineers, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008399 biolink:NamedThing sarcoidosis, susceptibility to, 1 Any sarcoidosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HLA-DRB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008419 biolink:NamedThing scoliosis, isolated, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008498 biolink:NamedThing strabismus, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008570 biolink:NamedThing thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, susceptibility to, 1 Any thyrotoxic periodic paralysis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNA1S gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008930 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009335 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009409 biolink:NamedThing hypervitaminosis a, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009741 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009789 biolink:NamedThing nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010255 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, X-linked, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010331 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010348 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010433 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010640 biolink:NamedThing Leber optic atrophy, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010843 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010918 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011037 biolink:NamedThing renal dysplasia, cystic, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011138 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 1 Any systemic lupus erythematosus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TLR5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011179 biolink:NamedThing leishmaniasis, tegumentary, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011207 biolink:NamedThing xanthomatosis, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011237 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipidemia, combined, 1 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing familial combined hyperlipidemia, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the USF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011361 biolink:NamedThing prostate cancer/brain cancer susceptibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011384 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011418 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011440 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011491 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011520 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011560 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011622 biolink:NamedThing nephrolithiasis, uric acid, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011649 biolink:NamedThing AVSD 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011650 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular septal defect, susceptibility to, 2 Any atrioventricular septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRELD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011684 biolink:NamedThing vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease susceptibility 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011685 biolink:NamedThing polysubstance abuse, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011689 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011693 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma, normal tension, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011727 biolink:NamedThing anorexia nervosa, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011729 biolink:NamedThing stroke, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011739 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 1 Any familial pancreatic carcinoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PALLD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011747 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011753 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011775 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal carcinoma, susceptibility to, 1 Any nasopharyngeal carcinoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TP53 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011793 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011807 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus with hemolytic anemia, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011815 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011817 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 1 Any coronary artery disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CX3CR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011820 biolink:NamedThing scoliosis, isolated, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011846 biolink:NamedThing bulimia nervosa, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011860 biolink:NamedThing leprosy, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011875 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 11 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLCN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011876 biolink:NamedThing juvenile absence epilepsy Juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) is a genetic epilepsy with onset occurring around puberty. JAE is characterized by sporadic occurrence of absence seizures, frequently associated with a long-life prevalence of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and sporadic myoclonic jerks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011892 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 9 Any generalised epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNB4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011896 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease 11, autosomal dominant, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing late onset Parkinson disease, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GIGYF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011917 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3, susceptibility to Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD2AP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011919 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 1 Any autoimmune disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FOXD3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011923 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis susceptibility 3 Any osteoarthritis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ASPN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011931 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cancer, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011942 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011943 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011944 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012009 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012010 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012027 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012028 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012036 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012039 biolink:NamedThing myocardial infarction, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012050 biolink:NamedThing major depressive disorder 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012057 biolink:NamedThing legionnaire disease, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012058 biolink:NamedThing myocardial infarction, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012100 biolink:NamedThing major depressive disorder 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012109 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012113 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012115 biolink:NamedThing scoliosis, isolated, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012132 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 1 Any colorectal cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GALNT12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012134 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012141 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 6, susceptibility to Any orofacial cleft in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IRF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012147 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 5 Any coronary artery disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KALRN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012149 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012150 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012151 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012152 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012153 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012159 biolink:NamedThing lung cancer susceptibility 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012168 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012263 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012318 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, chronic lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012338 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012339 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 4 Any celiac disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO9B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012340 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012341 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 3 Any celiac disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTLA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012361 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012369 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012402 biolink:NamedThing opioid dependence, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012403 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012404 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012458 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012459 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012466 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease 13, autosomal dominant, susceptibility to Any young-onset Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HTRA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012488 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis B virus, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012568 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis susceptibility 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012584 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 9 Any systemic lupus erythematosus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012585 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 7 Any coronary artery disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD36 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012587 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012599 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012627 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 13 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing juvenile myclonic epilepsy, idiopathic generalized epilepsy, or childhood absence epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GABRA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012628 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012655 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012673 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012702 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012760 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012763 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, childhood absence, susceptibility to, 6 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing child absence epilepsy or idiopathic generalized epilepsy, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNA1H gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012776 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012777 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012778 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012779 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012780 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012781 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012782 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease, susceptibility to, 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012788 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012820 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 3 Any colorectal cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMAD7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012821 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012822 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012823 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012826 biolink:NamedThing scoliosis, isolated, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012827 biolink:NamedThing scoliosis, isolated, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012834 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 10 Any systemic lupus erythematosus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IRF5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012835 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 11 Any systemic lupus erythematosus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STAT4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012836 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012843 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, childhood absence, susceptibility to, 5 Any childhood absence epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GABRB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012862 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012863 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012884 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012888 biolink:NamedThing sarcoidosis, susceptibility to, 2 Any sarcoidosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BTNL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012889 biolink:NamedThing sarcoidosis, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012893 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis susceptibility 5 Any osteoarthritis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012894 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis susceptibility 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012931 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 4, susceptibility to Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the APOL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012934 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, chronic lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012935 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, chronic lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012936 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, chronic lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012942 biolink:NamedThing lung cancer susceptibility 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012951 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012952 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012953 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 Any colorectal cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012954 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012955 biolink:NamedThing lung cancer susceptibility 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013032 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 8 Any generalised epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CASR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013076 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013083 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 3 Any neuroblastoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013084 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013085 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013086 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013088 biolink:NamedThing follicular lymphoma, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013103 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 10 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GABRD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013108 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, acute lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013109 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, acute lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013124 biolink:NamedThing pelvic organ prolapse, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013152 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013193 biolink:NamedThing thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, susceptibility to, 2 Any thyrotoxic periodic paralysis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ18 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013235 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 2 Any familial pancreatic carcinoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRCA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013236 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3 Any familial pancreatic carcinoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PALB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013237 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to mononeuropathy of the median nerve, mild DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013246 biolink:NamedThing fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013303 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 6 Any autoimmune disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SIAE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013340 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease 5, autosomal dominant, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing young-onset Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UCHL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013496 biolink:NamedThing IgA nephropathy, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013524 biolink:NamedThing bleeding diathesis due to thromboxane synthesis deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013562 biolink:NamedThing aspergillosis, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013568 biolink:NamedThing sick sinus syndrome 3, susceptibility to Any familial sick sinus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013631 biolink:NamedThing lung cancer susceptibility 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013653 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease 18, autosomal dominant, susceptibility to Any hereditary late onset Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EIF4G1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013665 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013685 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 4 Any familial pancreatic carcinoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRCA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013713 biolink:NamedThing dengue virus, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013765 biolink:NamedThing coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 6 Any coronary artery disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MMP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013814 biolink:NamedThing podoconiosis, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013846 biolink:NamedThing peripartum cardiomyopathy, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013908 biolink:NamedThing thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013919 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014038 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 12 Any colorectal cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014151 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension, neonatal, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014232 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis 5, susceptibility to Any craniosynostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALX4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014251 biolink:NamedThing melioidosis, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014281 biolink:NamedThing cholangiocarcinoma, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014519 biolink:NamedThing chronic mountain sickness, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014734 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014774 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014786 biolink:NamedThing IgA nephropathy, susceptibility to, 3 Any IgA glomerulonephritis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPRY2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014902 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal carcinoma, susceptibility to, 3 Any nasopharyngeal carcinoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MST1R gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015979 biolink:NamedThing hereditary predisposition to infections DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020705 biolink:NamedThing neural tube defects, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020715 biolink:NamedThing multiple system atrophy 1, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020722 biolink:NamedThing nephrolithiasis susceptibility caused by SLC26A1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020752 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020759 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, childhood absence, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020772 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, juvenile absence, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020836 biolink:NamedThing autism, susceptiblity to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021024 biolink:NamedThing malaria, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024462 biolink:NamedThing familial cutaneous melanoma An instance of cutaneous melanoma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024512 biolink:NamedThing spondyloarthropathy, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030434 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035547 biolink:NamedThing predisposition to severe viral infection due to IRF7 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035548 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial jak1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044301 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 11, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044315 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis 7 Craniosynostosis is a primary abnormality of skull growth involving premature fusion of the cranial sutures such that the growth velocity of the skull often cannot match that of the developing brain. This produces skull deformity and, in some cases, raises intracranial pressure, which must be treated promptly to avoid permanent neurodevelopmental disability (summary by {1:Fitzpatrick, 2013}).nnFor a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of craniosynostosis, see CRS1 (OMIM:123100). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054750 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 24 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060670 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 25 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060671 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic, susceptibility to, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100003 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to angioedema induced by ACE inhibitors An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-blocker-induced angioedema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100043 biolink:NamedThing epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100046 biolink:NamedThing exfoliation syndrome, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing exfoliation syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100047 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing basal cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100048 biolink:NamedThing graft-versus-host disease, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing graft vs. host disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100049 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing narcolepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100167 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing COPD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100170 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing restless legs syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100171 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing psoriasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100173 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, acute myeloid, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing leukemia, acute myeloid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100174 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing age related macular degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100177 biolink:NamedThing allergic rhinitis, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing allergic rhinitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100178 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100179 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing Hirschsprung disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100180 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, ketosis-prone An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing diabetes mellitus, ketosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100182 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing schizophrenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100183 biolink:NamedThing radioulnar synostosis, nonsyndromic, susceptibility to A susceptibility or predisposition to radioulnar synostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMAD6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100199 biolink:NamedThing diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer syndrome with or without cleft lip and/or palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100202 biolink:NamedThing lumbar disc herniation, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100206 biolink:NamedThing lumbar disc degeneration, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100216 biolink:NamedThing DICER1-related tumor predisposition Pathogenic germline variation in DICER1 confers an autosomal dominant predisposition to tumor formation at multiple primary sites, including pleuropulmonary blastoma, pulmonary cysts, thyroid gland neoplasia, ovarian tumors, and cystic nephroma. Other syndromic features such as macrocephaly have been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100232 biolink:NamedThing psoriatic arthritis, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing psoriatic arthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100242 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing glioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100246 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing migraines with or without aura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100295 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease, susceptibility to, mitochondrial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100440 biolink:NamedThing Asperger syndrome, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing Asperger sydrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100460 biolink:NamedThing tobacco addiction, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing nicotine dependence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100476 biolink:NamedThing lipodystrophy, partial, acquired, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing aquired partial lipodystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100488 biolink:NamedThing CDH1-related diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer Germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the CDH1 gene predispose to hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, a cancer susceptibility syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, initially characterized by the increased risk for diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) but subsequently well documented to be associated with lobular breast cancer (LBC) in women. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100502 biolink:NamedThing NTHL1-deficiency tumor predisposition syndrome Biallelic constitutional/germline loss-of-function NTHL1 variants confer predisposition to tumor formation demonstrating ‘COSMIC Signature 30’ mutation profile. Tumors have been reported at multiple primary sites; in particular adenomatous polyposis of colon (~10-50 polyps), colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700041 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700077 biolink:NamedThing vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease susceptibility 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800001 biolink:NamedThing delayed sleep phase syndrome, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing delayed sleep phase syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800174 biolink:NamedThing encephalitis, acute, infection-induced, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing encephalitis, acute, infection-induced. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800188 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing malignant hyperthermia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800215 biolink:NamedThing multicentric Castleman disease, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800222 biolink:NamedThing pelvic organ prolapse, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800224 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800250 biolink:NamedThing Graves disease, susceptibility to, X-linked 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800261 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune thyroid disease, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800268 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular septal defect, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800271 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800274 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800279 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800340 biolink:NamedThing seasonal affective disorder, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800409 biolink:NamedThing ventricular fibrillation during myocardial infarction, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800410 biolink:NamedThing UV-induced skin damage, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800413 biolink:NamedThing antisocial behavior, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800414 biolink:NamedThing aplastic anemia, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800418 biolink:NamedThing breast cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800419 biolink:NamedThing breast cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800420 biolink:NamedThing breast cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800421 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 4, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800422 biolink:NamedThing cirrhosis, noncryptogenic, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800423 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800424 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, on chromosome 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800425 biolink:NamedThing coronary artery disease, severe, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800426 biolink:NamedThing dengue fever, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800427 biolink:NamedThing dengue hemorrhagic fever, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800428 biolink:NamedThing dengue shock syndrome, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800429 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800430 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800431 biolink:NamedThing efavirenz central nervous system toxicity, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800432 biolink:NamedThing obesity, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800433 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800434 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800435 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000066 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004069 biolink:NamedThing inborn mitochondrial metabolism disorder Diseases caused by abnormal function of the mitochondria. They may be caused by mutations, acquired or inherited, in mitochondrial dna or in nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial components. They may also be the result of acquired mitochondria dysfunction due to adverse effects of drugs, infections, or other environmental causes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008759 biolink:NamedThing oxoglutaricaciduria Oxoglutaric aciduria is a very rare tricarboxylic acid cycle disorder, resulting from a deficiency in alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (one of the three subunits of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex), that most often presents in the neonatal period with hypotonia, severe encephalopathy, extrapyramidal signs, pyramidal tract dysfunction and seizures and that frequently results in death in early childhood. Metabolic acidosis, elevated lactate and glutamate levels and variable degrees of glutaric aciduria are noted. Sudden death, myocardiopathy, and hepatic disorders have also been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009637 biolink:NamedThing inborn mitochondrial myopathy Myopathy caused by mitochondrial abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010771 biolink:NamedThing histiocytoid cardiomyopathy Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy is an arrhythmogenic disorder characterised by cardiomegaly, severe cardiac arrhythmias or sudden death, and the presence of histiocyte-like cells within the myocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011669 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome A rare syndrome including neonatal and infantile hypotonia and failure to thrive, cystinuria type 1 and nephrolithiasis, growth retardation due to growth hormone deficiency, and minor facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011730 biolink:NamedThing fumaric aciduria Fumaric aciduria (FA), an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, is most often characterized by early onset but non-specific clinical signs: hypotonia, severe psychomotor impairment, convulsions, respiratory distress, feeding difficulties and frequent cerebral malformations, along with a distinctive facies. Some patients present with only moderate intellectual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013875 biolink:NamedThing 3-methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy, and Leigh-like syndrome Any 3-methylglutaconic aciduria in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SERAC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013877 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial pyruvate carrier deficiency An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development and lactic acidosis with a normal lactate/pyruvate ratio resulting from impaired mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016387 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016800 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial membrane transport disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016803 biolink:NamedThing unspecified inborn mitochondrial disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018424 biolink:NamedThing inherited lipoic acid biosynthesis defect An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of lipoate biosynthetic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019169 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDHD) is a rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by a wide range of clinical signs with metabolic and neurological components of varying severity. Manifestations range from often fatal, severe, neonatal lactic acidosis to later-onset neurological disorders. Six subtypes related to the affected subunit of the PDH complex have been recognized with significant clinical overlap: PDHD due to E1-alpha, E1-beta, E2 and E3 deficiency, PDHD due to E3-binding protein deficiency, and PDH phosphatase deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800181 biolink:NamedThing OPA1-related optic atrophy with or without extraocular features Any primary mitochondrial disease in which the cause of the disease is monoallelic or biallelic variants in the OPA1 gene. While optic atrophy is present in most affected cases, OPA1 is a mitochondrial protein and thus features of this disease include abnormal mitochondrial morphology and multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions, and can affect other organ systems and. Extraocular features can include progressive sensorineural hearing impairment, cognitive impairment, peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, ragged-red muscle fibers, and exercise-induced lactic acidemia, while additional ocular features can include progressive visual loss, central scotoma, and color vision abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004951 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to HIV infection The type species of lentivirus and the etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008905 biolink:NamedThing predisposition to invasive fungal disease due to CARD9 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009500 biolink:NamedThing kuru, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009518 biolink:NamedThing leprosy, susceptibility to, 3 Any leprosy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TLR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010853 biolink:NamedThing Helicobacter pylori infection, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011373 biolink:NamedThing urinary tract infections, recurrent, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011427 biolink:NamedThing Ascaris lumbricoides infection, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011888 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 67 An immunodeficiency associated with increased susceptibility to invasive infections caused by pyogenic bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012292 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis C virus, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012358 biolink:NamedThing leprosy, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012482 biolink:NamedThing West Nile virus, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012499 biolink:NamedThing Buruli ulcer, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012595 biolink:NamedThing leprosy, susceptibility to, 4 Any leprosy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LTA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012682 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 35 Any hereditary predisposition to infections in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TYK2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012839 biolink:NamedThing pyogenic bacterial infections due to MyD88 deficiency Pyogenic bacterial infection due to MyD88 deficiency is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by increased susceptibility to pyogenic bacterial infections, including invasive pneumococcal, invasive staphylococcal and pseudomonas disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013075 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex encephalitis, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013185 biolink:NamedThing leprosy, susceptibility to, 5 Any leprosy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TLR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013257 biolink:NamedThing leprosy, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013427 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 31B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013855 biolink:NamedThing influenza, severe, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013920 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex encephalitis, susceptibility to, 3 A Mendelian susceptibility or predisposition to herpes simplex infection induced encephalitis in which the cause of the diseas is a mutation in the TRAF3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013921 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex encephalitis, susceptibility to, 4 A Mendelian susceptibility or predisposition to herpes simplex infection induced encephalitis in which the cause of the diseas is a mutation in the TICAM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014680 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex encephalitis, susceptibility to, 7 A Mendelian susceptibility or predisposition to herpes simplex infection induced encephalitis in which the cause of the diseas is a mutation in the IRF3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017901 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IFNgammaR1 deficiency A genetic variant of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases characterized by a partial deficiency in IFN-gammaR1, leading to a residual response to IFN-gamma and, consequently, to recurrent, moderately severe infections with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017902 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IFNgammaR2 deficiency A genetic variant of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases characterized by a partial deficiency in IFN-gammaR2, leading to a residual response to IFN-gamma and consequently to recurrent, moderately severe infections with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019146 biolink:NamedThing inherited susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) is a rare immunodeficiency syndrome, characterized by a narrow vulnerability to poorly virulent mycobacteria, such as bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccines and environmental mycobacteria (EM), and defined by severe, recurrent infections, either disseminated or localized. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021012 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024563 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex encephalitis, susceptibility to, 1 A Mendelian susceptibility or predisposition to herpes simplex infection induced encephalitis in which the cause of the diseas is a mutation in the UNC93B1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000075 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020128 biolink:NamedThing motor neuron disorder A disease involving the motor neuron. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001516 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) refers to a group of inherited conditions that affect the muscles. The severity of the condition; the associated signs and symptoms; and the age at which symptoms develop varies by subtype. In general, people with SMA experience progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles involved in mobility, the ability to sit unassisted, and head control. Breathing and swallowing may also be affected in severe cases. SMA is generally caused by changes (mutations) in the SMN1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Extra copies of the SMN2 gene modify the severity of SMA. Rare autosomal dominant (caused by mutations in DYNC1H1, BICD2, or VAPB genes) and X-linked (caused by mutations in UBA1) forms of SMA exist. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004976 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive muscular paralysis reflecting degeneration of motor neurons in the primary motor cortex, corticospinal tracts, brainstem and spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008407 biolink:NamedThing neurogenic scapuloperoneal syndrome, Kaeser type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015307 biolink:NamedThing Madras motor neuron disease Madras motor neuron disease (MMND) is characterized by weakness and atrophy of limbs, multiple lower cranial nerve palsies and sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020129 biolink:NamedThing acquired motor neuron disease An instance of motor neuron disease that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024257 biolink:NamedThing hereditary motor neuron disease An instance of motor neuron disease that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000078 biolink:NamedThing acrocephalopolysyndactyly A common presentation of craniosynostosis and polysyndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019796 biolink:NamedThing acrocephalosyndactyly Acrocephalosyndactyly (ACS) syndromes represent a group of inherited congenital malformation disorders characterized by craniosynostosis and fusion or webbing of the fingers or toes, often with other associated manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007041 biolink:NamedThing apert syndrome Apert syndrome (AS) is a frequent form of acrocephalosyndactyly, a group of inherited congenital malformation disorders, characterized by craniosynostosis, midface hypoplasia, and finger and toe anomalies and/or syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007042 biolink:NamedThing Saethre-Chotzen syndrome Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS) is an inherited craniosynostosis syndrome characterized by unilateral or bilateral coronal synostosis, facial asymmetry, ptosis, strabismus and small ears with prominent crus, among other less common manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007400 biolink:NamedThing Jackson-Weiss syndrome Jackson-Weiss syndrome (JWS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by foot malformations (tarsal and metatarsal fusions; short, broad, medially deviated great toes) and in some patients craniosynostosis with facial anomalies. Hands are normal in affected patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000079 biolink:NamedThing nephrolithiasis/osteoporosis, hypophosphatemic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005298 biolink:NamedThing osteoporosis A condition of reduced bone mass, with decreased cortical thickness and a decrease in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence. Osteoporosis is classified as primary (Type 1, postmenopausal osteoporosis; Type 2, age-associated osteoporosis; and idiopathic, which can affect juveniles, premenopausal women, and middle-aged men) and secondary osteoporosis (which results from an identifiable cause of bone mass loss). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008159 biolink:NamedThing postmenopausal osteoporosis Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018315 biolink:NamedThing X-linked osteoporosis with fractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019409 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis (IJO) is a primary condition of bone demineralization childhood or adolescence that presents with pain in the back and extremities, walking difficulties, multiple fractures, and radiological evidence of osteoporosis. Onset usually occurs in the prepubertal period, between 8 and 12 years of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024650 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced osteoporosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100194 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy associated osteoporosis A severe early presentation of osteoporosis in which young women experience low trauma or spontaneous fractures, most commonly vertebral fractures, during late pregnancy or lactation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700047 biolink:NamedThing premenopausal osteoporosis Osteoporosis occuring in premenopausal women with existing fragility fractures, diseases or treatments known to cause bone loss or fractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000082 biolink:NamedThing pelvic organ prolapse Abnormal descent of a pelvic organ resulting in the protrusion of the organ beyond its normal anatomical confines. Symptoms often include vaginal discomfort, dyspareunia; urinary stress incontinence; and fecal incontinence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005039 biolink:NamedThing reproductive system disorder A disease involving the reproductive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002134 biolink:NamedThing physiological sexual disorder Physiological disturbances in normal sexual performance in either the male or the female. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002259 biolink:NamedThing gonadal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the testis or the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002263 biolink:NamedThing female reproductive system disorder A disease involving the female reproductive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003150 biolink:NamedThing male reproductive system disorder A disease involving the male reproductive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005047 biolink:NamedThing infertility disorder Inability to conceive for at least one year after trying and having unprotected sex. Causes of female infertility include endometriosis, fallopian tubes obstruction, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Causes of male infertility include abnormal sperm production or function, blockage of the epididymis, blockage of the ejaculatory ducts, hypospadias, exposure to pesticides, and health related issues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006054 biolink:NamedThing reproductive system neoplasm A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm affecting the male and female reproductive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006736 biolink:NamedThing dysplasia of cervix Abnormal development of immature squamous epithelial cells of the uterine cervix, a term used to describe premalignant cytological changes in the cervical epithelium. These atypical cells do not penetrate the epithelial basement membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006758 biolink:NamedThing female genital tuberculosis Mycobacterium infections of the female reproductive tract (genitalia, female). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006774 biolink:NamedThing habitual spontaneous abortion Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007690 biolink:NamedThing aromatase excess syndrome Aromatase excess syndrome is a rare, genetic endocrine disease characterized by increased levels of estrogen due to elevated extraglandular aromatase activity. Males present with heterosexual precocious puberty which manifests with pre- or peripubertal onset of gynecomastia, premature growth spurt, accelerated bone maturation resulting in decreased adult stature, and may present mild hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Female patients may have isosexual precocious puberty or not have any manifestations at all. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021681 biolink:NamedThing sexually transmitted disease A Disease due to or propagated by sexual contact. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000087 biolink:NamedThing polymicrogyria A developmental brain abnormality characterized by an excessive amount of small convolutions on the surface of the brain and cognitive dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002320 biolink:NamedThing congenital nervous system disorder An abnormality of the nervous system that is present at birth or detected in the neonatal period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000182 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome with tubular aggregates A congenital myasthenic syndrome with a finding of tubular aggregates in myofibers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000209 biolink:NamedThing prenatal-onset spinal muscular atrophy with congenital bone fractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000820 biolink:NamedThing cerebral cavernous malformation A disorder characterized by malformations in the structure of the capillaries in the brain. It is caused by mutations in the CCM2, KRIT1 and PDCD10 genes. The capillaries fill with blood and stretch, thereby creating cavernous spaces. Some patients experience headaches, seizures, or visual and hearing disturbances. Cerebral hemorrhage may also occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001147 biolink:NamedThing meningocele A congenital abnormality in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column or the cranium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004527 biolink:NamedThing congenital granular cell tumor An instance of granular cell tumor that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005715 biolink:NamedThing congenital toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma infection that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007363 biolink:NamedThing congenital contractural arachnodactyly Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA, Beals syndrome) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by multiple flexion contractures, arachnodactyly, severe kyphoscoliosis, abnormal pinnae and muscular hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007384 biolink:NamedThing congenital trigeminal anesthesia Congenital trigeminal anesthesia is a rare neuro-ophtalmological disorder characterized by a congenital sensory deficit involving all or some of the sensory components of the trigeminal nerve. Due to corneal anesthesia, it usually presents with recurrent, painless eye infections, painless corneal opacities and/or poorly healing, ulcerated wounds on the facial skin and mucosa (typically the buccal mucosa and/or nasal septum). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007688 biolink:NamedThing Myhre syndrome Myhre syndrome is characterised by striking muscular build, short stature, reduced joint mobility, brachydactyly, mixed hearing loss and mental retardation of variable severity. Facial dysmorphism with short palpebral fissures, short philtrum, thin lips, maxillary hypoplasia and prognathism is present. Thick skin has been observed in six patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007839 biolink:NamedThing Aase-Smith syndrome Aase-Smith syndrome type I is a very rare genetic disorder characterised by the following congenital malformations: hydrocephalus (due to Dandy-Walker anomaly), cleft palate, and severe joint contractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007846 biolink:NamedThing KBG syndrome KBG syndrome is a rare condition characterised by a typical facial dysmorphism, macrodontia of the upper central incisors, skeletal (mainly costovertebral) anomalies and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007988 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant primary microcephaly Autosomal dominant form of microcephaly (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008006 biolink:NamedThing Mobius syndrome Moebius syndrome is a very rare congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder characterized by complete or incomplete facial paralysis in association with bilateral palsy of the abducens nerve causing impairment of ocular abduction. The syndrome also includes various other congenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008050 biolink:NamedThing MYH7-related skeletal myopathy Laing distal myopathy, also called myopathy distal, type 1 (MPD1), is characterized by early-onset selective weakness of the great toe and ankle dorsiflexors, and a very slowly progressive course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008099 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 2 Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE6B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008300 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi syndrome Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hypothalamic-pituitary abnormalities with severe hypotonia during the neonatal period and first two years of life and the onset of hyperphagia with a risk of morbid obesity during infancy and adulthood, learning difficulties and behavioral problems or severe psychiatric problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008434 biolink:NamedThing Smith-Magenis syndrome Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a complex genetic disorder characterized by variable intellectual deficit, sleep disturbance, craniofacial and skeletal anomalies, psychiatric disorders, and speech and motor delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008449 biolink:NamedThing spina bifida A congenital neural tube defect in which vertebrae are not fully formed. It results in the protrusion of the spinal cord through the opening of the vertebrae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008675 biolink:NamedThing Freeman-Sheldon syndrome Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a very rare, multiple congenital contractures syndrome characterized by a microstomia with a whistling appearance of the mouth, distinctive facies, club foot and joint contractures. FSS is the most severe form of distal arthrogryposis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008678 biolink:NamedThing Williams syndrome Williams syndrome is a rare genetic multisystemic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a distinct facial appearance, cardiac anomalies (most frequently supravalvular aortic stenosis), cognitive and developmental abnormalities, and connective tissue abnormalities (such as joint laxity) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008684 biolink:NamedThing Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a developmental disorder characterized by typical craniofacial features, prenatal and postnatal growth impairment, intellectual disability, severe delayed psychomotor development, seizures, and hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008871 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type I A microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the RNU4ATAC gene, encoding a small nuclear RNA (snRNA) component of the U12-dependent (minor) spliceosome, on chromosome 2q14.2. It is characterized by dwarfism, microcephaly, and neurologic abnormalities, including mental retardation, brain malformations, and ocular, auditory sensory deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008872 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II A form of microcephalic primordial dwarfism (MPD) characterized by severe pre- and postnatal growth retardation, with marked microcephaly in proportion to body size, skeletal dysplasia, abnormal dentition, insulin resistance, and increased risk for cerebrovascular disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008873 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008939 biolink:NamedThing isolated cerebellar hypoplasia/agenesis Hypoplasia of the cerebellum that is associated with inherited metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative disorders. Signs and symptoms include mental and developmental delays, walking and balance difficulties, floppy muscle tone, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008963 biolink:NamedThing Chediak-Higashi syndrome ChC)diak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a rare severe genetic disorder generally characterized by partial oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), severe immunodeficiency, mild bleeding, neurological dysfunction and lymphoproliferative disorder. A classic, early-onset form and an attenuated, later-onset form (Atypical CHS) have been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008967 biolink:NamedThing congenital bile acid synthesis defect 4 An anomaly of bile acid synthesis characterized by mild cholestatic liver disease, fat malabsorption and/or neurological disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008999 biolink:NamedThing Cohen syndrome Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic developmental disorder characterized by microcephaly, characteristic facial features, hypotonia, non-progressive intellectual deficit, myopia and retinal dystrophy, neutropenia and truncal obesity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009012 biolink:NamedThing multiple pterygium-malignant hyperthermia syndrome Malignant hyperthermia-arthrogryposis-torticollisis an extremely rare arthrogryposis syndrome, described in only two pairs of siblings from two unrelated families to date, and characterized by the association of arthrogryposis, congenital torticollis, dysmorphic facial features (i.e. asymmetry of the face, myopathic facial movements, ptosis, posteriorly rotated ears, cleft palate), progressive scoliosis and episodes of malignant hyperthermia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009069 biolink:NamedThing congenital lactic acidosis, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean type Saguenay-Lac-St. Jean (SLSJ) type congenital lactic acidosis, a French Canadian form of Leigh syndrome, is a mitochondrial disease characterized by chronic metabolic acidosis, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism and delayed development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009074 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism-macrocephaly-myopia-Dandy-Walker malformation syndrome Facial dysmorphism-macrocephaly-myopia-Dandy-Walker malformation syndrome is characterised by Dandy-Walker malformation, severe intellectual deficit, macrocephaly, brachytelephalangy, facial dysmorphism and severe myopia. Three cases have been described. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009106 biolink:NamedThing diastematomyelia A rare congenital abnormality in which the spinal cord is split in half by fibrous or bony tissue. It may present as an isolated phenomenon or in association with spina bifida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009155 biolink:NamedThing EEM syndrome EEM syndrome is characterised by the association of ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, and macular dystrophy. So far, it has been described in individuals from seven families. Hypotrichosis, dental anomalies and absent eyebrows have also been reported. EMM syndrome appears to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and may be caused by mutations in the cadherin-3 gene (CH3, 16q22.1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009188 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy-telangiectasia syndrome Epilepsy telangiectasia syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, epilepsy, palpebral conjunctival telangiectasias and diminished serum IgA, particular facies and a shortened fifth finger. It has been reported in six siblings from a Mexican family. It is probably transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009279 biolink:NamedThing triple-A syndrome Triple A syndrome is a very rare multisystem disease characterized by adrenal insufficiency with isolated glucocorticoid deficiency, achalasia, alacrima, autonomic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009341 biolink:NamedThing Mowat-Wilson syndrome Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by a distinct facial phenotype, intellectual disability, epilepsy, Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and variable congenital malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009459 biolink:NamedThing channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain, autosomal recessive A syndrome characterized by indifference to pain despite the ability to distinguish noxious from non-noxious stimuli. Absent corneal reflexes and intellectual disability may be associated. Familial forms with autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant patterns of inheritance have been described. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009479 biolink:NamedThing Johanson-Blizzard syndrome A multiple congenital anomaly characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, hypoplasia/aplasia of the nasal alae, hypodontia, sensorineural hearing loss, growth retardation, anal and urogenital malformations, and variable intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009514 biolink:NamedThing Laurence-Moon syndrome A very rare genetic multisystemic disorder characterized by pituitary dysfunction, ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, spastic paraplegia, and chorioretinal dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009584 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, Buenos-Aires type Intellectual disability, Buenos-Aires type is a rare intellectual disability syndrome characterized by growth retardation, microcephaly, characteristic facial features (including narrow forehead, bushy eyebrows, hypertelorism, small, downward-slanting palpebral fissures with blepharoptosis, malformed and low-set ears, broad straight nose, thin upper lip, and a wide, tented mouth), developmental delay, intellectual disability, speech disorder, and multiple organ malformations (e.g. ventricular septal defect, megaloureter, dilated renal pelvis). Additional manifestations reported include neurocutaneous lesions (including palmoplantar hyperkeratosis), internal hydrocephalus, and bilateral partial soft-tissue syndactyly of second and third toe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009687 biolink:NamedThing myasthenia, congenital, refractory to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009689 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome 6 Congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the CHAT gene, encoding choline O-acetyltransferase. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009710 biolink:NamedThing Thomsen and Becker disease A rare, genetic, skeletal muscle channelopathy characterized by slow muscle relaxation after contraction (myotonia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009717 biolink:NamedThing Schwartz-Jampel syndrome A rare, genetic neuromuscular disease characterized by permanent myotonia, mask-like facies (with blepharospasm, narrow palpebral fissures, small mouth with pursed lips and puckered chin) , and chondrodysplasia (variably manifesting with short stature, pectus carinatum, kyphoscoliosis, bowing of long bones, epiphyseal, metaphyseal, and hip dysplasia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009722 biolink:NamedThing Bailey-Bloch congenital myopathy Bailey-Bloch congenital myopathy is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness, arthrogryposis, kyphoscoliosis, short stature, cleft palate, ptosis and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia during anesthesia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009758 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness 1B Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRM6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009952 biolink:NamedThing radioulnar synostosis-developmental delay-hypotonia syndrome Radioulnar synostosis-developmental delay-hypotonia syndrome, also known as Der Kaloustian-McIntosh-Silver syndrome, is an extremely rare syndrome with synostosis described in about 4 patients to date with clinical manifestations including congenital unilateral radioulnar synostosis, generalized hypotonia, developmental delay, and dysmorphic facial features (long face, prominent nose and ears). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010010 biolink:NamedThing Schinzel-Giedion syndrome Schinzel-Giedion syndrome (SGS) is an ectodermal dysplasia syndrome chiefly characterized by a distinctive facial dysmorphism, hydronephrosis, severe developmental delay, typical skeletal malformations, and genital and cardiac anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010011 biolink:NamedThing schizencephaly Schizencephaly is a rare congenital cerebral malformation characterized by the presence of linear clefts in one or both hemispheres of the brain, extending from the lateral ventricles to the pial surface of the cortex, and that lead to a variety of neurological symptoms such as epilepsy, motor deficits, and psychomotor retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010203 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, Wolff type Intellectual disability, Wolff type is a rare intellectual disability syndrome characterized by severe intellectual disability, characteristic facial features (low anterior hairline, upward slanting palpebral fissures, ocular hypertelorism, broad, bulbous nose, large ears with helix incompletely developed, thick lips, and micrognathia) and additional anomalies including peripheral joint contractures, delayed skeletal maturation, bilateral cleft lip and palate, strabismus, terminal hypoplasia of fingers, hypospadias, and bilateral inguinal hernias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010237 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-plagiocephaly syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-plagiocephaly syndrome is characterised by severe intellectual deficit, brachycephaly, plagiocephaly, prominent forehead and coarse facial features. It has been described in two males from one family. Two females belonging to the same family displayed moderate intellectual deficit but no craniofacial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010264 biolink:NamedThing X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita A X-linked condition characterized by underdevelopment of the adrenal gland and adrenal insufficiency caused by mutation(s) in the NR0B1 gene, resulting in decreased activity of the nuclear receptor protein DAX1, which may be associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010270 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 7 Syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 7, also called MRXS7, is characterized by X-linked intellectual deficit, obesity, hypogonadism, and tapering fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010277 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Shashi type X-linked intellectual disability, Shashi type is characterised by moderate intellectual deficit, obesity, macroorchidism and a characteristic facies (large ears, a prominent lower lip and puffy eyelids). It has been described in nine boys from two families. Transmission is X-linked and the causative gene has been localised to the q21.3-q27 region of the X chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010283 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Lubs type Distal Xq duplications refer to chromosomal disorders resulting from involvement of the long arm of the X chromosome (Xq). Clinical manifestations vary widely depending on the gender of the patient and on the gene content of the duplicated segment. The prevalence of Xq duplications remains unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010285 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Abidi type X-linked intellectual disability, Abidi type is characterized by X-linked intellectual deficit and mild variable manifestations, including short stature, small head circumference, sloping forehead, hearing loss, abnormally shaped ears, and small testes. It has been described in eight affected males from three generations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010286 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Siderius type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010305 biolink:NamedThing creatine transporter deficiency X-linked creatine transporter deficiency (CRTR-D) is a creatine deficiency syndrome characterized clinically by global developmental delay/ intellectual disability (DD/ID) with prominent speech/language delay, autistic behavior and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010306 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability, Cabezas type X-linked intellectual disability, Cabezas type is characterised by intellectual deficit, muscle wasting, short stature, a prominent lower lip, small testes, kyphosis and joint hyperextensibility. An abnormal gait, tremor, decreased fine motor coordination and impaired speech are also present. The syndrome has been described in six boys from three generations of the same family. Transmission is X-linked and the causative gene has been localised to the q24-q25 region of the X chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010332 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-cubitus valgus-dysmorphism syndrome An X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterised by moderate intellectual deficit, marked cubitus valgus, mild microcephaly, a short philtrum, deep-set eyes, downslanting palpebral fissures and multiple nevi. Less than ten individuals have been described so far. Transmission is thought to be X-linked recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010355 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Claes-Jensen type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010428 biolink:NamedThing chromosome Xp11.23-p11.22 duplication syndrome A form of methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria (see this term), an inborn error of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism characterized by megaloblastic anemia, lethargy, failure to thrive, developmental delay, intellectual deficit and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010448 biolink:NamedThing moyamoya angiopathy-short stature-facial dysmorphism-hypergonadotropic hypogonadism syndrome Moyamoya angiopathy - short stature - facial dysmorphism - hypergonadotropic hypogonadism is a very rare, hereditary, neurological, dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moyamoya disease, short stature of postnatal onset, and stereotyped facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010460 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 17 Intellectual disability-alacrima-achalasia syndrome is a rare, genetic intellectual disability syndrome characterized by delayed motor and cognitive development, absence or severe delay in speech development, intellectual disability, and alacrima. Achalasia/dysphagia and mild autonomic dysfunction (i.e. anisocoria) have also been reported in some patients. The phenotype is similar to the one observed in autosomal recessive Triple A syndrome, but differs by the presence of intellectual disability in all affected individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010477 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis - intellectual disability syndrome, MKB type The Maat-Kievit-Brunner type of Ohdo syndrome is a rare condition characterized by intellectual disability and distinctive facial features. It has only been reported in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010496 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-short stature-overweight syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-short stature-overweight syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by borderline to severe intellectual disability, speech delay, short stature, elevated body mass index, a pattern of truncal obesity (reported in older males), and variable neurologic features (e.g. hypotonia, tremors, gait disturbances, behavioral problems, and seizure disorders). Less common manifestations include microcephaly, microorchidism and/or microphallus. Dysmorphic features have been reported in some patients but no consitent pattern has been noted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010501 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 34 Macrocephaly-intellectual disability-left ventricular non compaction syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by motor and cognitive developmental delay with language impairment, macrocephaly, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features (including long face, slanting palpebral fissures and prominent, flattened nose) and left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy. Patients also present skeletal abnormalities (e.g. scoliosis, finger clinodactyly, pes planus), slender build and shy behavior. Strabismus and various neurological signs (including ataxia, tremor and hyperreflexia) may be associated, as well as epilepsy, autism and MRI findings showing a small cerebellum and abnormalities of the corpus callosum. A phenotypic variant with no cardiac involvement has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010532 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset X-linked spinal muscular atrophy A rare form of spinal muscular atrophy characterized by the neonatal onset of severe hypotonia, areflexia, profound weakness, multiple congenital contractures, facial dysmorphic features (myopathic face with open, tent-shaped mouth), cryptorchidism, and mild skeletal abnormalities (i.e. kyphosis, scoliosis), that is often preceded by polyhydramnios and reduced fetal movements in utero and followed by bone fractures shortly after birth. SMAX2 patients often have a limited life span, often succumbing to the disease within 2 years, as muscle weakness is progressive and chest muscle involvement eventually leads to ventilatory insufficiency and respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010574 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 5 X-linked Dandy-Walker malformation with intellectual disability, basal ganglia disease and seizures (XDIBS), or Pettigrew syndrome is a central nervous system malformation characterized by severe intellectual deficit, early hypotonia with progression to spasticity and contractures, choreoathetosis, seizures, dysmorphic face (long face with prominent forehead), and brain imaging abnormalities such as Dandy-Walker malformation, and iron deposition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010610 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome An extremely rare and fatal central nervous system malformation occurring during embryogenesis, presenting prenatally with holoprosencephaly and fetal hypokinesia as major features. Other manifestations include microcephaly, multiple contractures and intrauterine growth restriction. An X-linked recessive inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010655 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability with marfanoid habitus The Lujan-Fryns syndrome or X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) with marfanoid habitus syndrome is a syndromic X-linked form of intellectual disability, associated with tall, marfanoid stature, distinct facial dysmorphism and behavioral problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010758 biolink:NamedThing Wieacker-Wolff syndrome A severe X-linked recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe contractures (arthrogryposis) and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010787 biolink:NamedThing Kearns-Sayre syndrome Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a mitochondrial disease characterized by progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), pigmentary retinitis and an onset before the age of 20 years. Common additional features include deafness, cerebellar ataxia and heart block. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010790 biolink:NamedThing MERRF syndrome A condition that can be caused by mutation(s) in more than one mitochondrial gene. It is characterized by myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fibers present on muscle biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010858 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly-spastic paraplegia-dysmorphism syndrome Macrocephaly-spastic paraplegia-dysmorphism syndrome is a rare syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies characterized by macrocephaly (of post-natal onset) with large anterior fontanelle, progressive complex spastic paraplegia, dysmorphic facial features (broad and high forehead, deeply set eyes, short philtrum with thin upper lip, large mouth and prominent incisors), seizures, and intellectual deficit of varying severity. Inheritance appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011053 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-sparse hair-brachydactyly syndrome Intellectual disability-sparse hair-brachydactyly syndrome is a very rare condition of unknown etiology consisting of short stature, hypotrichosis, brachydactyly with cone-shaped epiphyses, epilepsy and severe mental delay. After the initial delineation of this syndrome by Nicolaides and Baraitser in 1993, only five more patients were published in the literature up to now. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011076 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 1 A rare genetic skeletal muscle disease characterized by abnormal chimeric aggregates of desmin and other cytoskeletal proteins and granulofilamentous material at the ultrastructural level in muscle biopsies and variable clinical/ myopathological features, age of disease onset and rate of disease progression. Patients present with bilateral skeletal muscle weakness that starts in distal leg muscles and spreads proximally, sometimes involving trunk, neck flexors and facial muscles and often cardiomyopathy manifested by conduction blocks, arrhythmias, chronic heart failure, and sometimes tachyarrhythmia. Weakness eventually leads to wheelchair dependence. Respiratory insufficiency can be a major cause of disability and death, beginning with nocturnal hyperventilation with oxygen desaturation and progressing to daytime respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011181 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 2 Any congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PHOX2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011402 biolink:NamedThing congenital cataracts-facial dysmorphism-neuropathy syndrome Congenital Cataracts Facial Dysmorphism Neuropathy (CCFDN) syndrome is a complex developmental disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011407 biolink:NamedThing facial paresis, hereditary congenital, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011510 biolink:NamedThing Bohring-Opitz syndrome Bohring-Opitz syndrome is characterised by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), failure to thrive, facial dysmorphism (prominent metopic suture and forehead nevus flammeus, a low frontal and temporal hairline with hirsutism, puffy cheeks, upslanting palpebral fissures, exophthalmos, hypertelorism, cleft lip and palate, retrognathia and low set ears), flexion deformities of the elbows and wrists, camptodactyly, ulnar deviation of the fingers, foot anomalies and severe developmental delay. Less than 20 patients have been described so far. Although the large majority of reported cases occurred sporadically, autosomal recessive inheritance has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011539 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 5 Amish nemaline myopathy is a type of nemaline myopathy (NM) only observed in several families of the Amish community. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011603 biolink:NamedThing GNE myopathy Nonaka distal myopathy (described in Japan) and the quadriceps-sparing autosomal recessive inclusion body myopathy type 2 (IBM2; independently described in Iranian Jews and later in other Jewish and non-Jewish populations) constitute the same pathological entity, distinguished by the sparing of quadriceps. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011676 biolink:NamedThing PHACE syndrome PHACE is an acronym used to describe a syndrome characterised by the association of posterior fossa brain malformations, large facial haemangiomas, anatomical anomalies of the cerebral arteries, aortic coarctation and other cardiac anomalies, and eye abnormalities. Sternal anomalies are also sometimes present, and in these cases the syndrome is referred to as PHACES. Two additional manifestations have recently been added to the clinical spectrum of PHACE syndrome: stenosis of the vessels at the base of the skull and segmental longitudinal dilations of the internal carotid artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011772 biolink:NamedThing B4GALT1-congenital disorder of glycosylation B4GALT1-CDG is a congenital disorder of glycosylation characterised by macrocephaly due to Dandy-Walker malformation, hydrocephaly, hypotonia, myopathy and coagulation anomalies. To date, only one case has been reported. The syndrome is associated with mutations in the GALT1 gene (localised to region q13 of chromosome 9) leading to a deficiency in the Golgi apparatus enzyme beta-1,4-galactosyl transferase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011823 biolink:NamedThing developmental malformations-deafness-dystonia syndrome Developmental malformations-deafness-dystonia syndrome is characterised by the association of midline malformations, sensory hearing loss, and a delayed-onset generalised dystonia syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011835 biolink:NamedThing sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis A syndrome is characterised by adult-onset severe sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012099 biolink:NamedThing AICA-ribosiduria AICA-ribosiduria is an extremely severe inborn error of purine biosynthesis characterized clinically in the single reported case to date by profound intellectual deficit, epilepsy, dysmorphic features of the knees, elbows, and shoulders and congenital blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012215 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 3 A rare, late adult-onset myofibrillar myopathy characterized by progressive distal muscle weakness associated with peripheral neuropathy and hyporeflexia. Ambulation may be lost within a few years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012262 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 3c DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012277 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 4 Late-onset distal myopathy, Markesbery-Griggs type is a rare, genetic, non-dystrophic myofibrillar myopathy disorder characterized by late-adult onset of distal and/or proximal limb muscle weakness with initial involvement of posterior lower leg muscles, medial gastrocnemius and soleus. Patients present with ankle weakness followed by weakness of finger and wrist extensors and later on of proximal muscles. Ambulation is usually preserved. Late-onset associated cardiomyopathy and/or neuropathy has been reported in a minority of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012289 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 5 Muscle filaminopathy is a rare myofibrillar myopathy characterized by slowly progressive, proximal skeletal muscle weakness, which is initially more prominent in lower extremities and involves upper extremities with disease progression. Patients present with difficulty climbing stairs, a waddling gait, marked winging of scapula, lower back pain, paresis of limb girdle musculature, hypo-/areflexia and/or mild facial muscle weakness in rare cases. Respiratory muscle weakness is common and cardiac anomalies (conduction blocks, tachycardia, diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy) have been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012490 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod synaptic disorder, congenital nonprogressive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012497 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 3 A congenital stationary night blindness characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the GNAT1 gene on chromosome 3p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012498 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 1 Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RHO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012589 biolink:NamedThing Pitt-Hopkins syndrome Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PHS) is characterized by the association of intellectual deficit, characteristic facial dysmorphism and problems of abnormal and irregular breathing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012593 biolink:NamedThing brain-lung-thyroid syndrome Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by congenital hypothyroidism (CH), infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) and benign hereditary chorea (BHC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012721 biolink:NamedThing progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 3 Any progressive myoclonic epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCTD7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012774 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome 15q13.3 microdeletion (microdel15q13.3) syndrome is characterized by a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders with no or subtle dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013270 biolink:NamedThing Rett syndrome, congenital variant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013358 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 4 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CENPJ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013450 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness 1D Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC24A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013578 biolink:NamedThing DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome An autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of DYRK1A on chromosome 21q22.13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013880 biolink:NamedThing facial paresis, hereditary congenital, 3 Any congenital hereditary facial paralysis-variable hearing loss syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HOXB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014006 biolink:NamedThing Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome Intellectual disability-craniofacial dysmorphism-cryptorchidism syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability syndrome characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability, developmental delay (with speech and language development more severely affected) and facial dysmorphism which typically includes full, arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, long eyelashes, ptosis, low-set, simple ears, bulbous nasal tip, flat philtrum, wide mouth with downturned corners and thin upper lip and diastema of the teeth. Association with infantile hypotonia, seizures, cryptorchidism in males and congenital abnormalities, including cardiac, cerebral or occular defects, may be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014034 biolink:NamedThing severe intellectual disability-poor language-strabismus-grimacing face-long fingers syndrome An autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of GATAD2B on chromosome 1q21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014035 biolink:NamedThing severe intellectual disability-progressive spastic diplegia syndrome Severe intellectual disability-progressive spastic diplegia syndrome is a rare condition that has been described in a few people with severe intellectual disability. Other signs and symptoms include progressive microcephaly (very small head); ataxia (lack of coordination); spasticity ; and/or skin, hair and mild facial anomalies. It is caused by changes (mutations) in the CTNNB1 gene and it is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014043 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic primordial dwarfism due to ZNF335 deficiency Microcephalic primordial dwarfism due to ZNF335 deficiency is characterized by severe antenatal microencephaly, simplified gyration, agenesis of the corpus callosum, absence of basal ganglia (very rare), pontocerebellar atrophy and involvement of the white matter with secondary cerebral atrophy. Congenital cataract, choanal atresia, multiple arthrogryposis and spastic tetraparesis can occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014176 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies A rare, genetic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by severe, persistent hypotonia (presenting at birth or in early infancy), severe global developmental delay (with poor or absent speech, difficulty or inability to roll, sit or walk), profound intellectual disability, and failure to thrive. Additional manifestations include microcephaly, progressive peripheral spasticity, bilateral strabismus and nystagmus, constipation, and variable dysmorphic facial features (including plagiocephaly, broad forehead, small nose, low-set ears, micrognathia and open mouth with tented upper lip). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014213 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-feeding difficulties-developmental delay-microcephaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014361 biolink:NamedThing autism spectrum disorder due to AUTS2 deficiency Autism spectrum disorder due to AUTS2 deficiency is a rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay and borderline to severe intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder with obsessive behavior, stereotypies, hyperactivity but frequently friendly and affable personality, feeding difficulties, short stature, muscular hypotonia, microcephaly, characteristic dysmorphic features (hypertelorism, high arched eyebrows, ptosis, deep and/or broad nasal bridge, broad/prominent nasal tip, short and/or upturned philtrum, narrow mouth, and micrognathia), and skeletal anomalies (kyphosis and/or scoliosis, arthrogryposis, slender habitus and extremities). Other clinical features may include hernias, congenital heart defects, cryptorchidism and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014379 biolink:NamedThing ADNP-related multiple congenital anomalies - intellectual disability - autism spectrum disorder An autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of ADNP on chromosome 20q13.13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014439 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 11 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRIM32 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014473 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly 13, primary, autosomal recessive Any autosomal recessive primary microcephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CENPE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014497 biolink:NamedThing polyendocrine-polyneuropathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014529 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar-facial-dental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014538 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 5 Any congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL25A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014552 biolink:NamedThing lethal fetal cerebrorenogenitourinary agenesis/hypoplasia syndrome Lethal fetal cerebrorenogenitourinary agenesis/hypoplasia syndrome is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome characterized by intrauterine growth restriction, flexion arthrogryposis of all joints, severe microcephaly, renal cystic dysplasia/agenesis/hypoplasia and complex malformations of the brain (cerebral and cerebellar hypoplasia, vermis, corpus callosum and/or occipital lobe agenesis, with or without arhinencephaly), as well as of the genitourinary tract (ureteral agenesis/hypoplasia, uterine hypoplasia and/or vaginal atresia), leading to fetal demise. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014558 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant intellectual disability-craniofacial anomalies-cardiac defects syndrome A rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay (DD) and variable degrees of intellectual disability (ID) with delayed or limited/absent speech development associated with neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, cardiac anomalies and dysmorphic facial features, predominantly broad nasal tip and thin, tented upper lip. Microcephaly, frequent infections, gastrointestinal and/or ocular anomalies have also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014590 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome 18 Any congenital myasthenic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SNAP25 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014601 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 20 Any autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SNX14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014602 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-macrocephaly-hypotonia-behavioral abnormalities syndrome An autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of PPP2R5D on chromosome 6p21.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014606 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-microcephaly-strabismus-behavioral abnormalities syndrome Intellectual disability-microcephaly-strabismus-behavioral abnormalities syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellecutal disability disorder characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, hypotonic facies, strabismus, long and flat malar region, posteriorly rotated ears, flat nasal bridge with broad nasal tip, short philtrum, thin vermillion border, open mouth with down-turned corners, high arched palate, pointed chin), global developmental delay, intellectual disability and variable neurobehavioral abnormalities (autism spectrum disorder, aggressivness, self injury). Additional features include vision abnormalities and variable sensorineural hearing loss, as well as short stature, hypotonia and gastrointestinal manifestations (e.g. poor feeding, gastroesophageal reflux, constipation). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014614 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness 1G A congenital stationary night blindness characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the GNAT1 gene on chromosome 3p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014662 biolink:NamedThing congenital insensitivity to pain-hypohidrosis syndrome A hereditary sensory neuropathy characterized by congenital insensitivity to pain and decreased sweating and tear production that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the PRDM12 gene on chromosome 9q34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014716 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly-intellectual disability-neurodevelopmental disorder-small thorax syndrome A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability, characterized by macrocephaly, intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphic facial features (including tall forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, and macrostomia), megalencephaly, and small thorax. Other reported features are umbilical hernia, muscular hypotonia, global developmental delay, autistic behavior, and café-au-lait spots, among others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014746 biolink:NamedThing SLC39A8-CDG DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014747 biolink:NamedThing familial progressive retinal dystrophy-iris coloboma-congenital cataract syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014764 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-severe developmental delay-epilepsy syndrome Spastic paraplegia-severe developmental delay-epilepsy syndrome is a rare, genetic, complex spastic paraplegia disorder characterized by an infantile-onset of psychomotor developmental delay with severe intellectual disability and poor speech acquisition, associated with seizures (mostly myoclonic), muscular hypotonia which may be noted at birth, and slowly progressive spasticity in the lower limbs leading to severe gait disturbances. Ocular abnormalities and incontinence are commonly associated. Other symptoms may include verbal dyspraxia, hypogenitalism, macrocephaly and sensorineural hearing loss, as well as dystonic movements and ataxia with upper limb involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014773 biolink:NamedThing cardiac anomalies - developmental delay - facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014787 biolink:NamedThing severe intellectual disability-corpus callosum agenesis-facial dysmorphism-cerebellar ataxia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014832 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal recessive 53 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014848 biolink:NamedThing TELO2-related intellectual disability-neurodevelopmental disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014892 biolink:NamedThing micrognathia-recurrent infections-behavioral abnormalities-mild intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014944 biolink:NamedThing short stature-brachydactyly-obesity-global developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014977 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2R1 An autosomal recessive condition caused by pathogenic variant(s) of the POGLUT1 gene, encoding protein O-glucosyltransferase 1. It is characterized by progressive muscular dystrophy, primarily affecting the proximal muscles, resulting in difficulty walking. A characteristic finding of “inside-to-outside” fatty degeneration on muscle imaging has been noted in patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015248 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-photosensitivity-short stature syndrome Ataxia-photosensitivity-short stature syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by cerebellar-like ataxia, photosensitivity (mainly of the face and trunk), short stature and intellectual disability. Additonal features include clinodactyly, single palmar transverse crease, high-arched palate, pseudohypertrophy of the calves and aortic valve lesions. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015252 biolink:NamedThing severe microbrachycephaly-intellectual disability-athetoid cerebral palsy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015316 biolink:NamedThing congenital laryngeal palsy Congenital laryngeal palsy is a rare larynx anomaly characterized by unilateral or bilateral paralysis of the vocal cords as a result of dysfunction of the motor nerve supply to the larynx. Patients typically present at birth (or shortly thereafter) with stridor, weak or breathy cry, dysphonia or aphonia, feeding or aspiration difficulties and, occasionally, respiratory compromise. Neurological disease, masses that cause compression and aberrant vessels are often associated. Most cases resolve spontaneously over 6-12 months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015519 biolink:NamedThing congenital or early infantile CACH syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015735 biolink:NamedThing severe congenital nemaline myopathy Severe congenital nemaline myopathy is a severe form of nemaline myopathy (NM) characterized by severe hypotonia with little spontaneous movement in neonates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015736 biolink:NamedThing intermediate nemaline myopathy Intermediate nemaline myopathy is a type of nemaline myopathy (NM) that shows features of typical NM in neonates with a more severe progression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015737 biolink:NamedThing typical nemaline myopathy Typical nemaline myopathy is a moderate neonatal form of nemaline myopathy (NM) characterized by facial and skeletal muscle weakness and mild respiratory involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015738 biolink:NamedThing childhood-onset nemaline myopathy Childhood onset nemaline myopathy, or mild nemaline myopathy is a type of nemaline myopathy (NM) characterized by distal muscle weakness, and sometimes slowness of muscle contraction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015739 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset nemaline myopathy Adult-onset nemaline myopathy is a rapidly progressive type of nemaline myopathy (NM) characterized by a very late onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016051 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip-retinopathy syndrome Cleft lip - retinopathy is an exceedingly rare association characterized by cleft lip and progressive retinopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016155 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of protein involved in O-glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016319 biolink:NamedThing congenital insensitivity to pain with hyperhidrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016377 biolink:NamedThing Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, lack of speech with normal, or mildly delayed, motor development, episodic breathing abnormalities, early-onset seizures and facial dysmorphism which only includes a wide mouth. Abnormal sleep-wake cycles, autistic behavior and stereotypic movements are commonly associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016456 biolink:NamedThing 5q14.3 microdeletion syndrome The newly described 5q14.3 microdeletion syndrome includes severe intellectual deficit with no speech, stereotypic movements and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016571 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly-short stature-paraplegia syndrome Macrocephaly-short stature-paraplegia syndrome is characterized by macrocephaly and midface hypoplasia, intellectual deficit, short stature, spastic paraplegia and severe central nervous system anomalies (hydrocephalus and Dandy-Walker malformation). It has been described in two unrelated adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017078 biolink:NamedThing cephalocele A congenital neural tube closure defect resulting in the protrusion of the brain through a skull opening. When the protrusion includes the meninges, the term encephalomeningocele is used. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017575 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy A syndrome characterized by the association of gastrointestinal dysmotility, peripheral neuropathy, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and leukoencephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017614 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-hypogonadism-ichthyosis-obesity-short stature syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-hypogonadism-ichthyosis-obesity-short stature syndrome is a rare X-linked intellectual disability syndrome characterized by intellectual disability associated with short stature, obesity, primary hypogonadism and an ichthyosiform skin condition. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017792 biolink:NamedThing 7p22.1 microduplication syndrome 7p22.1 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial interstitial microduplication of the short arm of chromosome 7, characterized by intellectual disability, psychomotor and speech delays, craniofacial dysmorphism (including macrocephaly, frontal bossing, hypertelorism, abnormally slanted palpebral fissures, anteverted nares, low-set ears, microretrognathia) and cryptorchidia. Cardiac (e.g., patent foramen ovale and atrial septal defect), as well as renal, skeletal and ocular abnormalities may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017929 biolink:NamedThing congenital achiasma Congenital achiasma is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic cranial nerve and nuclear aplasia malformation characterized by the congenital absence of the optic chiasm, resulting from the failure of the optic nerve fibers to cross over and decussate to the contralateral hemisphere, leading to decreased vision, strabismus and congenital nystagmus in infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018144 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndromes with glycosylation defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018145 biolink:NamedThing congenital retinal arteriovenous communication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018222 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability due to GRIA3 anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018341 biolink:NamedThing 3q27.3 microdeletion syndrome A rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 3, characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability, neuropsychiatric disorders of the psychotic and dysthymic spectrum, mild distinctive facial dysmorphism (incl. slender face, deep-set eyes, high nasal bridge with a hooked nose, small, low- set ears, short philtrum, small mouth with thin upper lip, prognathism) and a marfanoid habitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018343 biolink:NamedThing periodic paralysis with later-onset distal motor neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018354 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi-like syndrome Prader-Willi-like syndrome is a rare, genetic, endocrine disease characterized by manifestations of a Prader-Willi syndrome phenotype (including obesity, hyperphagia, hypotonia, psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, small hands/feet, hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency and characteristic facial features) ocurring in the absence of 15q11-q13 genomic abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018428 biolink:NamedThing 9q31.1q31.3 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018580 biolink:NamedThing PURA-related severe neonatal hypotonia-seizures-encephalopathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018599 biolink:NamedThing congenital oculomotor nerve palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018600 biolink:NamedThing congenital abducens nerve palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018681 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder-craniofacial dysmorphism-cardiac defect-hip dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018682 biolink:NamedThing congenital insensitivity to pain with severe intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018724 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-cerebellar hypoplasia-spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018773 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant distal axonal motor neuropathy-myofibrillar myopathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018822 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay-visual anomalies-progressive cerebellar atrophy-truncal hypotonia syndrome Global developmental delay-visual anomalies-progressive cerebellar atrophy-truncal hypotonia syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurological disorder characterized by mild to severe developmental delay and speech impairment, truncal hypotonia, abnormalities of vision (including cortical visual impairment and abnormal visual-evoked potentials), progressive brain atrophy mainly affecting the cerebellum, and shortened or atrophic corpus callosum. Other clinical findings may include increased muscle tone in the extremities, dystonic posturing, hyporeflexia, scoliosis, postnatal microcephaly and variable facial dysmorphism (e.g. deep-set eyes, gingival hyperplasia, short philtrum and retrognathia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018823 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-global development delay-facial dysmorphism-sacral caudal remnant syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018889 biolink:NamedThing hyaline body myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018923 biolink:NamedThing 22q11.2 deletion syndrome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal anomaly which causes a congenital malformation disorder whose common features include cardiac defects, palatal anomalies, facial dysmorphism, developmental delay and immune deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018948 biolink:NamedThing multiminicore myopathy A hereditary neuromuscular disorder characterized by multiple cores on muscle biopsy and clinical features of a congenital myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018969 biolink:NamedThing craniorachischisis Craniorachischisis is the most severe form of neural tube defect in which both the brain and spinal cord remain open to varying degrees. It is a very rare congenital malformation of the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018998 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a retinal dystrophy defined by blindness and responses to electrophysiological stimulation (Ganzfeld electroretinogram (ERG)) below threshold, associated with severe visual impairment within the first year of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019188 biolink:NamedThing Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome A rare malformation syndrome characterized by congenital anomalies (microcephaly, specific facial characteristics, broad thumbs and halluces and postnatal growth retardation), short stature, intellectual disability and behavioural characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019349 biolink:NamedThing Sotos syndrome Sotos syndrome is a rare multisystemic genetic disorder characterized by a typical facial appearance, overgrowth of the body in early life with macrocephaly, and mild to severe intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019416 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-hypogammaglobulinemia-progressive neurological deterioration syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-hypogammaglobulinemia-progressive neurological deterioration syndrome is characterized by moderate intellectual deficit, bilateral single palmar creases, seizures, variable hypogammaglobulinemia and characteristic features (synophrys, prognathism, and hirsutism). It has been reported in three males from two generations of one family. All underwent progressive neurological deterioration. This syndrome is transmitted as an X-linked trait, and the causative gene is located between Xq21.33 and Xq23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019418 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-epilepsy-progressive joint contractures-dysmorphism syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-epilepsy-progressive joint contractures-dysmorphism syndrome is characterised by intellectual deficit, epilepsy, facial dysmorphism and progressive joint contractures. It has been described in two boys. Hypotonia and feeding problems at birth were also reported. The mode of transmission is X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019420 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability, Pai type X-linked intellectual disability, Pai type is characterised by the association of dysmorphism with intellectual deficit. It has been described in four generations of one family. Premature death was reported in the affected males. Transmission is X-linked recessive and the causative gene has been localised to the q28 region of the X chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019422 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability, Stevenson type An X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterised by intellectual deficit, hypotonia, absent deep tendon reflexes, tapered fingers and excessive fingerprint arches, genu valgum, a characteristic face and small teeth. It has been described in four males from two generations of one family. The causative gene appears to be located in the q13 region of the X chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019423 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability, Stoll type X-linked intellectual disability, Stoll type is characterised by intellectual deficit, short stature and characteristic facies (hypertelorism, prominent forehead, frontal bossing, a broad nasal tip and anteverted nares). It has been described in four males from three generations of the same family. Two females from this family also displayed intellectual deficit and the characteristic facies. Transmission is X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019896 biolink:NamedThing Kleefstra syndrome due to 9q34 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019950 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy A muscular dystrophy that is characterized by diminished muscle tone (hypotonia), progressive muscle weakness and degeneration (atrophy), abnormally fixed joints, spinal rigidity, and delays in reaching motor milestones such as sitting or standing unassisted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020247 biolink:NamedThing congenital vitreoretinal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020343 biolink:NamedThing alpha-crystallinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020344 biolink:NamedThing postsynaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020485 biolink:NamedThing King-Denborough syndrome A rare genetic non-dystrophic myopathy characterized by the triad of congenital myopathy, dysmorphic features and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia. Patients present with a wide phenotypic range, including delayed motor development, muscle weakness and fatigability, ptosis and facies myopathica (with or without creatine kinase elevations), skeletal abnormalities (e.g. short stature, scoliosis, kyphosis, lumbar lordosis and pectus carinatum/excavatum), mild dysmorphic facial features (e.g. hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, epicanthic folds, low set ears, micrognathia), webbing of the neck, cryptorchidism, and a susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia and/or rhabdomyolysis due to intensive physical strain, viral infection or statin use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020491 biolink:NamedThing subcortical band heterotopia A developmental brain abnormality characterized by atypical migration of neurons during cortical development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021083 biolink:NamedThing congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles type 1 Any congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIF21A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021838 biolink:NamedThing Al Gazali Khidr Prem Chandran syndrome A disease characterized by cherubism (disorder characterized by abnormal bone tissue in the lower part of the face. Beginning in early childhood, both the lower jaw (the mandible) and the upper jaw (the maxilla) become enlarged as bone is replaced with painless, cyst-like growths.), visual impairment due to optic atrophy and short stature. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022998 biolink:NamedThing distal arthrogryposis Moore weaver type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023595 biolink:NamedThing congenital myotonic dystrophy Myotonic dystrophy that is present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030037 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and cerebellar atrophy, with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030341 biolink:NamedThing myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 7B, presynaptic, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030912 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 47 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030913 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 48 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031007 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, sensorineural hearing loss, impaired intellectual development, and leber congenital amaurosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032596 biolink:NamedThing myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 23, presynaptic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032597 biolink:NamedThing myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 24, presynaptic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032675 biolink:NamedThing myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 25, presynaptic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032811 biolink:NamedThing night blindness, congenital stationary, type1i DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033352 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, congenital hypomelinating DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034041 biolink:NamedThing congenital axonal neuropathy with encephalopathy A rare, congenital, autosomal recessive axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy disease characterized by axonal neuropathy, manifesting at birth or shortly thereafter with generalized muscular hypotonia, prominently distal muscular weakness, respiratory/swallowing difficulties and diffuse areflexia, associated with central nervous system involvement, which includes progressive microcephaly, seizures, and global developmental delay. Additional variable manifestations include hearing impairment, ocular lesions, skeletal anomalies (e.g. talipes equinovarus, overriding toes, scoliosis, joint contractures), cryptorchidism, and dysmorphic features (such as coarse facies, hypertelorism, high-arched palate). Outcome is typically poor due to respiratory insufficiency and/or aspiration pneumonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035133 biolink:NamedThing PHIP-related behavioral problems-intellectual disability-obesity-dysmorphic features syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035402 biolink:NamedThing isolated exencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040500 biolink:NamedThing glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044299 biolink:NamedThing myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044319 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies, seizures, and distal limb anomalies IDDFSDA is an autosomal recessive severe multisystem disorder characterized by poor overall growth, developmental delay, early-onset seizures, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic features. There is phenotypic variability. The most severely affected patients have a neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, absent speech, and inability to walk, and they require feeding tubes. Some patients have congenital heart defects or nonspecific abnormalities on brain imaging. Less severely affected individuals have mild to moderate intellectual disability with normal speech and motor development (summary by {1:Santiago-Sim et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044634 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa-hearing loss-premature aging-short stature-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044641 biolink:NamedThing 9q33.3q34.11 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044643 biolink:NamedThing congenital labioscrotal agenesis-cerebellar malformation-corneal dystrophy-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044646 biolink:NamedThing early-onset progressive diffuse brain atrophy-microcephaly-muscle weakness-optic atrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044699 biolink:NamedThing SIN3A-related intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044701 biolink:NamedThing childhood-onset motor and cognitive regression syndrome with extrapyramidal movement disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044714 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial myopathy-cerebellar ataxia-pigmentary retinopathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044749 biolink:NamedThing X-linked congenital stationary night blindness X-linked congenital stationary night blindness (XLCSNB) is a disorder of the retina. People with this condition typically experience night blindness and other vision problems, including loss of sharpness (reduced visual acuity), severe nearsightedness (myopia), nystagmus,and strabismus. Color vision is typically not affected. These vision problems are usually evident at birth, but tend to be stable (stationary) over time. There aretwo major types of XLCSNB: the complete form and the incomplete form. Bothtypes have very similar signs and symptoms. However, everyone with the complete form has night blindness, while not all people with the incomplete form have night blindness. The types are distinguished by their genetic cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060502 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with progressive microcephaly, spasticity, and brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060627 biolink:NamedThing glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100062 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy A complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a range of developmental delays and epileptic encephalopathy phenotypes. Seizure onset is variable and intellectual disability is variable in presence and severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100084 biolink:NamedThing alpha-actinopathy A musculoskeletal system disorder that covers a wide spectrum of phenotypes and is caused by pathogenic variants in the skeletal muscle α-actin gene (ACTA1). These variants lead to a variety of overlapping adult onset and congenital myopathies characterized by muscle weakness, hypotonia, myopathic face, respiratory dysfunction, and rarely cardiac involvement. Specific skeletal muscle structural lesions visible on muscle biopsy include actin accumulations, nemaline and intranuclear bodies, fiber-type disproportion, cores, caps, dystrophic features and zebra bodies. Disorders associated with ACTA1 pathogenic variants can have autosomal dominant (90%) or recessive (10%) inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100108 biolink:NamedThing TPM3-related myopathy TPM3-related myopathy is a disorder of the musculoskeletal system that covers a wide spectrum of phenotypes and is caused by pathogenic variants in the skeletal muscle γ-Tropomyosin gene. These variants lead to a variety of overlapping adult onset and congenital myopathies characterized by muscle weakness, hypotonia, motor delay, myopathic facies, scoliosis, and sometimes respiratory involvement. Histologic findings on skeletal muscle biopsy are variable with nemaline and intranuclear bodies, cap-like lesions, fiber-type disproportion, and dystrophic features even in patients with the same mutation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100138 biolink:NamedThing X-linked recessive mitochondrial myopathy A mitochondrial myopathy caused by defects in the MICOS subunit gene APOO (MIC26). Modelling in yeast and flies demonstrate an inability to insert MICOS complex into the inner mitohondrial membrane. Associated symptoms include, lactic acidosis, cognitive impairment and autistic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100175 biolink:NamedThing TTN-related myopathy A disorder of the musculoskeletal system caused by pathogenic variants in the TTN gene encoding the titin protein expressed in striated muscle. These variants are associated with a variety of overlapping congenital and adult-onset myopathies characterized by non-progressive or progressive neck, axial, and limb weakness, joint contractures, early-onset respiratory insufficiency, facial weakness, congenital cardiac anomalies and/or early-onset dilated cardiomyopathy. Histologic findings on skeletal muscle biopsy reveal a wide range of structural abnormalities and can include increased internalized and central nuclei, minicores, and dystrophic changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100196 biolink:NamedThing TPM2-related myopathy A congenital myopathy of the musculoskeletal system that covers a wide spectrum of phenotypes and is caused by pathogenic variants in the skeletal muscle beta-Tropomyosin gene. These variants lead to a variety of overlapping adult onset and congenital myopathies characterized by muscle weakness, amyotrophy, hypotonia, myopathic facies, scoliosis, and sometimes contractures among other phenotypes. Histologic findings on skeletal muscle biopsy are variable with nemaline and intranuclear bodies, cap-like lesions, core-like lesions, fiber-type disproportion, and dystrophic features all observed to some degree. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800026 biolink:NamedThing central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, 1, with or without Hirschsprung disease A rare disease due to a severely impaired central autonomic control of breathing and dysfunction of the autonomous nervous system. The incidence is estimated to be at 1 of 200 000 livebirths. A heterozygous mutation of PHOX-2B gene is found in 90% of the patients. Association with a Hirschsprung's disease is observed in 16% of the cases. Despite a high mortality rate and a lifelong dependence to mechanical ventilation, the long-term outcome of CCHS should be ultimately improved by multidisciplinary and coordinated follow-up of the patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000088 biolink:NamedThing precocious puberty Unusually early sexual maturity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002145 biolink:NamedThing disorder of sexual differentiation A congenital disorder characterized by abnormalities in the development of the sexual characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002146 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadism A disorder characterized by decreased function of the gonads. Clinical manifestations in both males and females include poor libido, infertility, and osteoporosis. Additional signs in males include erectile dysfunction, muscle atrophy, gynecomastia and increased abdominal fat. In females, additional signs include shrinking of the breasts and loss of, or failure to develop menstruation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002329 biolink:NamedThing testicular disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the testis. Representative examples include torsion, infarction, germ cell tumor, sex cord-stromal tumor, lymphoma, and leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005558 biolink:NamedThing ovarian disorder A disease involving the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010768 biolink:NamedThing gonadoblastoma A mixed germ cell/sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells which resemble seminoma cells and small cells which resemble Sertoli or granulosa cells. It occurs in the testis and the ovary and is identified in children and adults. It is often associated with gonadal dysgenesis and abnormal karyotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021147 biolink:NamedThing disorder of development or morphogenesis Any disease or disorder that disrupts the process development of an anatomical structure. Can be due to genetic or environmental causes. Typically happens during embryogenesis, but also includes post-embryonic development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000902 biolink:NamedThing agenesis of the corpus callosum with peripheral neuropathy Corpus callosum agenesis-neuropathy is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by severe progressive sensorimotor neuropathy beginning in infancy with resulting hypotonia, areflexia, amyotrophy and variable degrees of dysgenesis of the corpus callosum. Additional features include mild-to-severe intellectual and developmental delays, and psychiatric manifestations that include paranoid delusions, depression, hallucinations, and "autistic-like" features. Affected individuals are usually wheelchair restricted in the second decade of life and die in the third decade of life. The disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002562 biolink:NamedThing demyelinating disease A broad group of disorders that affect the myelin sheaths that cover the neurons. Myelin sheathes cover neuronal axons in the central and peripheral nervous system and function to increase travelling impulse speeds. Disruption of this sheath impairs neuronal transmission and can result in disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome, among others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005497 biolink:NamedThing bone development disease A disease involving the bone development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007612 biolink:NamedThing gingival fibromatosis-progressive deafness syndrome Gingival fibromatosis-progressive deafness syndrome is characterized by gingival fibromatosis associated with progressive sensorineural hearing loss. It has been described in two families (with at least 16 affected members spanning five generations in one of the families, and five affected members spanning three generations in the other family). It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007618 biolink:NamedThing Eng-Strom syndrome Eng-Strom syndrome is characterised by intrauterine growth retardation and intermittent locking of the finger joints. It has been described in two individuals: a mother and her daughter. The mode of transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008118 biolink:NamedThing odontomatosis-aortae esophagus stenosis syndrome Odontoma-dysphagia syndrome is a malformation syndrome, characterized by odontomas (undifferentiated mass of the esophagus) and severe dysphagia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008161 biolink:NamedThing otodental syndrome Otodental syndrome is a very rare inherited condition characterized by grossly enlarged canine and molar teeth (globodontia) associated with sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008396 biolink:NamedThing oculodental syndrome, Rutherfurd type Oculodental syndrome, Rutherfurd type is a rare genetic disorder that is primarily characterized by the classical triad of gingival fibromatosis, non-eruption of tooth and corneal dystrophy (bilateral corneal vascularization and opacity). Abnormally shaped teeth have also been reported. The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008486 biolink:NamedThing steatocystoma multiplex-natal teeth syndrome The syndrome steatocystoma multiplex and natal teeth is characterized by generalized multiple steatocystomas and natal teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008771 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1G An extremely rare syndrome which is characterized by hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta (hypoplastic dental enamel) and nephrocalcinosis (precipitation of calcium salts in renal tissue). Oral manifestations include yellow and misshaped teeth, delayed tooth eruption, and intrapulpal calcifications. Nephrocalcinosis is often asymptomatic but can progress during late childhood or early adulthood to impaired renal function (e.g. recurrent urinary infections and renal tubular acidosis), and rarely to end-stage renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008876 biolink:NamedThing Bloom syndrome Bloom syndrome (BSyn) is a rare chromosomal breakage syndrome characterized by a marked genetic instability associated with pre- and postnatal growth retardation, facial sun-sensitive telangiectatic erythema, increased susceptibility to infections, and predisposition to cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008993 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate-stapes fixation-oligodontia syndrome Cleft palate - stapes fixation - oligodontia is characterized by cleft soft palate, severe oligodontia of the deciduous teeth, absence of the permanent dentition, bilateral conductive deafness due to fixation of the footplate of the stapes, short halluces with a wide space between the first and second toes, and fusion of carpal and tarsal bones. It has been described in two sisters of Swedish extraction. An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance is likely. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1971. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009007 biolink:NamedThing Jalili syndrome Jalili syndrome is characterized by the association of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and cone-rod retinal dystrophy (CORD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009089 biolink:NamedThing deafness-oligodontia syndrome Deafness-oligodontia syndrome is characterised by sensorineural hearing loss and oligodontia/hypodontia. It has been described in two pairs of siblings and in one isolated case. Dizziness was reported in one of the pairs of siblings. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009168 biolink:NamedThing Fowler syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009467 biolink:NamedThing natal teeth-intestinal pseudoobstruction-patent ductus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009664 biolink:NamedThing mulibrey nanism A prenatal onset growth disorder with multiorgan manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009767 biolink:NamedThing oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome, Cross type Oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome, Cross type is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by cutaneous and ocular hypopigmentation, various ocular anomalies (e.g. corneal and lens opacity, spastic ectropium, and/or nystagmus), growth deficiency, intellectual deficit and other progressive neurologic anomalies such as spastic tetraplegia, hyperreflexia, and/or athetoid movements. The clinical picture varies among patients and may also include other anomalies such as urinary tract abnormalities, Dandy-Walker malformations, and/or bilateral inguinal hernia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009895 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly-dental and vertebral anomalies syndrome Postaxial polydactyly-dental and vertebral anomalies syndrome is a rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by postaxial polydactyly and other abnormalities of the hands and feet (e.g. brachydactyly, broad toes), hypoplasia and fusion of the vertebral bodies, as well as dental abnormalities (fused teeth, macrodontia, hypodontia, short roots). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1977. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010104 biolink:NamedThing non-eruption of teeth-maxillary hypoplasia-genu valgum syndrome Noneruption of teeth - maxillary hypoplasia - genu valgum is an extremely rare syndrome that is characterized by multiple unerupted permanent teeth, hypoplasia of the alveolar process and of the maxillo-zygomatic region, severe genu valgum and deformed ears. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010333 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum agenesis-intellectual disability-coloboma-micrognathia syndrome A developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by coloboma of the iris and optic nerve, facial dysmorphism (high forehead, microretrognathia, low-set ears), intellectual deficit, agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), sensorineural hearing loss, skeletal anomalies and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010441 biolink:NamedThing CK syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010545 biolink:NamedThing Nance-Horan syndrome A syndrome characterized by the association in male patients of congenital cataracts with microcornea, dental anomalies and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010568 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi syndrome Aicardi syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder defined by the triad of agenesis of the corpus callosum (total or partial), typical chorioretinal lacunae and infantile spasms that affect almost exclusively females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010908 biolink:NamedThing loose anagen syndrome Loose anagen syndrome is a rare benign hair disorder affecting predominantly blond females in childhood and characterized by the presence of hair that can be easily and painlessly pulled out. Most of the hair is in the anagen phase and lacks an external epithelial sheath. Hair grows back quickly and the condition improves spontaneously with aging. Loose anagen hair can be associated with other anomalies, such as coloboma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011411 biolink:NamedThing Chudley-McCullough syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011537 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly-autism syndrome An autosomal dominant disease characterized by macrocephaly, facial phenotypes including square outline with frontal bossing, 'dished-out' midface, biparietal narrowing, and long philtrum, developmental delay and autism that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the PTEN gene on chromosome 10q23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011686 biolink:NamedThing DNA ligase IV deficiency LIG4 syndrome is a hereditary disorder associated with impaired DNA double-strand break repair mechanisms and characterized by microcephaly, unusual facial features, growth and developmental delay, skin anomalies, and pancytopenia, which is associated with combined immunodeficiency (CID). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011790 biolink:NamedThing Amish lethal microcephaly Amish lethal microcephaly is a very rare syndrome characterized by extreme microcephaly and early death, within the first year. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011995 biolink:NamedThing cataract - congenital heart disease - neural tube defect syndrome Cataract-congenital heart disease-neural tube defect syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by sacral neural tube defects resulting in tethered cord, atrial and/or ventricular septal heart defects (that are detected in infancy), bilateral, symmetrical hyperopia, rapidly progressive early childhood cataracts, bilateral aphakic glaucoma, and abnormal facial features (low frontal hairline, small ears, short philtrum, prominent, widely spaced central incisors, and micrognathia). hypotonia, growth and developmental delay, seizures, and joint limitation are also reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013394 biolink:NamedThing porencephaly-microcephaly-bilateral congenital cataract syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014714 biolink:NamedThing progressive microcephaly-seizures-cortical blindness-developmental delay syndrome Progressive microcephaly-seizures-cortical blindness-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic, neuro-ophthalmological syndrome characterized by post-natal, progressive microcephaly and early-onset seizures, associated with delayed global development, bilateral cortical visual impairment and moderate to severe intellectual disability. Additional manifestations include short stature, generalized hypotonia and pulmonary complications, such as recurrent respiratory infections and bronchiectasis. Auditory and metabolic screenings are normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015182 biolink:NamedThing congenital enteropathy involving intestinal mucosa development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015256 biolink:NamedThing blepharoptosis-cleft palate-ectrodactyly-dental anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015323 biolink:NamedThing teratogenic Pierre Robin syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015335 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian syndromes with cleft lip/palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015409 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital syngnathia Isolated congenital syngnathia is a very rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by varying degrees of congenital fusion (ranging from simple mucosal adhesions to extensive bony fusion) of mandible to maxilla that is not associated with any other malformations. Patients present with mouth opening limitation (which could range from severe to minimal restriction) that typically results in feeding, swallowing and/or respiratory difficulties which may lead to failure to thive, malnutrition and/or temporomandibular joint ankylosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015701 biolink:NamedThing T-B+ severe combined immunodeficiency due to IL-7Ralpha deficiency A severe combined immunodeficiency that results from defective IL7R expression causes T-B+NK+ SCID. Loss of IL-7R function leads to the loss of an antiapoptotic signal, resulting in a loss of T-cell selection in thymus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015745 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-polymicrogyria-corpus callosum agenesis syndrome Microcephaly-polymicrogyria-corpus callosum agenesis syndrome is a rare, genetic, central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by marked prenatal-onset microcephaly, severe motor delay with hypotonia, bilateral polymicrogyria, corpus callosum agenesis, ventricular dilation, small cerebellum and early lethality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015961 biolink:NamedThing genetic head and neck malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016535 biolink:NamedThing hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia A genetic disorder of ectoderm development characterized by malformation of ectodermal structures such as skin, hair, teeth and sweat glands. It comprises three clinically almost indistinguishable subtypes with impaired sweating as the key symptom: Christ-Siemens-Touraine (CST) syndrome (X-linked), autosomal recessive (AR), and autosomal dominant (AD) HED, as well as a fourth rare subtype with immunodeficiency as the key symptom (HED with immunodeficiency). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016589 biolink:NamedThing progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017131 biolink:NamedThing genetic cardiac anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017140 biolink:NamedThing L1 syndrome L1 syndrome is a mild to severe congenital X-linked developmental disorder characterized by hydrocephalus of varying degrees of severity, intellectual deficit, spasticity of the legs, and adducted thumbs. The syndrome represents a spectrum of disorders including: X-linked hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius (HSAS), MASA syndrome, X-linked complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia type 1, and X-linked complicated corpus callosum agenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017406 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-severe microcephaly-sensorineural hearing loss-dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017904 biolink:NamedThing steroid dehydrogenase deficiency-dental anomalies syndrome Steroid dehydrogenase deficiency-dental anomalies syndrome is an autosomal recessive liver disease which was associated with numerical dental aberrations in a consanguineous Arabi Saudi family. This association suggests that the same gene is involved in both defects. General hypomineralisation and enamel hypoplasia found in this family is thought to be secondary to malabsorption due to liver disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018187 biolink:NamedThing genetic syndromic Pierre Robin syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018655 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelination-cerebellar atrophy-hypoplasia of the corpus callosum syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018780 biolink:NamedThing congenital generalized hypercontractile muscle stiffness syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018883 biolink:NamedThing Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy A lipodystrophy characterized by the association of lipoatrophy, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly and acromegaloid features. BSCL belongs to the group of extreme insulin resistance syndromes, which also includes leprechaunism, Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, acquired generalized lipodystrophy, and types A and B insulin resistance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019102 biolink:NamedThing dentinogenesis imperfecta-short stature-hearing loss-intellectual disability syndrome Dentinogenesis imperfecta-short stature-hearing loss-intellectual disability syndrome is characterised by the association of dentinogenesis imperfecta, delayed tooth eruption, facial dysmorphology, small stature, sensorineural hearing loss and mild intellectual deficit. It has been described in two brothers born to consanguineous parents. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019303 biolink:NamedThing premature aging syndrome Changes in the organism associated with senescence, occurring at an accelerated rate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019426 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-corpus callosum agenesis-spastic quadriparesis syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-corpus callosum agenesis-spastic quadriparesis syndrome is characterised by intellectual and motor deficit, spastic quadriparesis and agenesis of the corpus callosum, without craniofacial abnormalities or seizures. It has been described in four male members of a family. The mode of inheritance is most likely X-linked recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019755 biolink:NamedThing developmental defect during embryogenesis A disease that has its basis in the disruption of embryonic morphogenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020297 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome and Noonan-related syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020779 biolink:NamedThing cartilage development disorder Any dysfunction in the growth of cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021635 biolink:NamedThing neurocristopathy That disease that arises from defects in the development of tissues containing cells commonly derived from the embryonic neural crest cell lineage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022349 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of septum pellucidum The absence of the septum pellucidum is a rare condition that affects the structure of the brain. Specifically, a thin membrane called the septum pellucidum is missing from its normal position in the middle of the brain. When it is missing, symptoms may include learning difficulties, behavioral changes, seizures, and changes in vision. Absence of the septum pellucidum is not typically seen as an isolated finding. Instead, absence of the septum pellucidum is associated with other conditions such as septo-optic dysplasia. Treatment options for the condition vary depending on the underlying disorder. Diagnosis of absence of the septum pellucidum can be made through imaging such as an MRI. Symptoms of absence of the septum pellucidum typically present during childhood, but a diagnosis can also be made before an individual is born (prenatally). If an individual is found to be missing the septum pellucidum, a search for an underlying disorder should be made. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022606 biolink:NamedThing branchial arch disease A disease that involves the pharyngeal system development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024239 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of cardiovascular system A disease that has its basis in the disruption of cardiovascular system development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043009 biolink:NamedThing genetic lethal multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome An instance of lethal multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045011 biolink:NamedThing keratinization disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045019 biolink:NamedThing lactation disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100349 biolink:NamedThing COACH syndrome A Mendelian disease characterized by infantile ataxia with hypo/aplastic vermis, hepatic fibrocirrhosis, slender-shaped skeleton, peculiar face, and moderate intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700207 biolink:NamedThing constitutional delay of growth and puberty Transient state of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with prolongation of childhood phase of growth, delayed skeletal maturation, delayed and attenuated pubertal growth spurt, and relatively low insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000090 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005181 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur. Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life, and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1422) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016810 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia Autosomal recessive form of progressive external ophthalmoplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000387 biolink:NamedThing hypochromic microcytic anemia Anemia in which the circulating RBCs are smaller than the usual size of RBCs (microcytic) and have decreased red color (hypochromic). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001356 biolink:NamedThing iron deficiency anemia Anemia caused by low iron intake, inefficient iron absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, or chronic blood loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000105 biolink:NamedThing anemia, nonspherocytic hemolytic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006506 biolink:NamedThing congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia Any one of a group of congenital hemolytic anemias in which there is no abnormal hemoglobin or spherocytosis and in which there is a defect of glycolysis in the erythrocyte. Common causes include deficiencies in glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; pyruvate kinase; and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009950 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells Hemolytic anemia due to red cell pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is a metabolic disorder characterized by a variable degree of chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013275 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia due to glucophosphate isomerase deficiency Glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) deficiency is an erythroenzymopathy characterized by chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000107 biolink:NamedThing auriculocondylar syndrome Auriculo-condylar syndrome (ACS) presents with bilateral external ear malformations ('question mark' ears), mandibular condyle hypoplasia, microstomia, micrognathia, microglossia and facial asymmetry. Additional manifestations include hypotonia, ptosis, cleft palate, puffy cheeks, developmental delay, impaired hearing and respiratory distress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015397 biolink:NamedThing oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015398 biolink:NamedThing hemifacial microsomia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000110 biolink:NamedThing bifid nose Bifid nose is a rare congenital malformation of presumed autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance characterized by clefting of the nose ranging from a minimally noticeable groove in the columella to complete clefting of the underlying bones and cartilage (resulting in two half noses) with a usually adequate airway. Bifid nose may be seen in frontonasal dysplasia while other malformations such as hypertelorbitism and midline clefts of the lip may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015412 biolink:NamedThing median facial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007636 biolink:NamedThing frontorhiny Frontorhiny is a distinct syndromic type of frontonasal malformation characterized by hypertelorism, wide nasal bridge, broad columella, widened philtrum, widely separated narrow nares, poor development of nasal tip, midline notch of the upper alveolus, columella base swellings and a low hairline. Additional features reported in some include upper eyelid ptosis and midline dermoid cysts of craniofacial structures and philtral pits or rugose folding behind the ears. An autosomal recessive inheritance has been proposed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009247 biolink:NamedThing frontofacionasal dysplasia Fronto-facio-nasal dysostosis is characterized by multiple craniofacial anomalies (brachycephaly, blepharophimosis, ptosis, S-shaped palpebral fissures, coloboma, cleft lip and palate, deformed nostrils, encephalocele, hypertelorism, midface hypoplasia, malformed eyes, and absent inner eyelashes). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014388 biolink:NamedThing familial median cleft of the upper and lower lips Familial median cleft of the upper and lower lips is a rare and isolated orofacial defect characterized by incomplete median clefts of both the lower lip (limited to the vermilion, with no muscle involvement) and upper lip (with muscle involvement), double labial frenulum and fusion of the upper gingival and upper labial mucosa (resulting in a shallow upper vestibular fold), in addition to poor dental alignment, and increased interdental distance between the lower and upper median incisors. Variable expressivity has been reported in an affected family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015413 biolink:NamedThing median cleft of the upper lip and maxilla Median cleft of the upper lip and maxilla is a rare, congenital, developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by a midline vertical cleft through the upper lip and premaillary bone (can also involve the nasal septum and central nervous system). The phenotypic spectrum is highly variable (ranging from a simple vermillion notch to a wide complete cleft) and hypo/hypertelorism, telecanthus, monophthalmia, flat or cleft nose, wide columella, median alveolar cleft and cranial malformations may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015419 biolink:NamedThing midline cervical cleft Midline cervical cleft (MCC) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the presence at birth of a vertical, atrophic and usually erythematous skin defect, lacking adnexal elements in the midline of the neck that may be attached to a subcutaneous fibrous cord of variable length; a superior skin tag; and an inferior, short (usually about 1 cm in length) sinus (possibly with presence of discharge). If untreated (by surgical removal) complications include restriction of neck extension due to contracture and scarring. It is sometimes associated with other developmental defects such as bifid mandible, thyroglossal duct and branchial cysts, and microgenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016062 biolink:NamedThing median cleft lip/mandibule Midline cleft of lower lip is a rare anomaly defined as Cleft No. 30 in Tessier's classification. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015503 biolink:NamedThing nose and cavum anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007200 biolink:NamedThing blepharonasofacial malformation syndrome Blepharonasofacial syndrome is a rare otorhinolaryngological malformation syndrome characterized by a distinctive mask-like facial dysmorphism, lacrimal duct obstruction, extrapyramidal features, digital malformations and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007398 biolink:NamedThing craniorhiny DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007871 biolink:NamedThing familial congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007872 biolink:NamedThing LADD syndrome Lacrimoauriculodentodigital (LADD) syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by hypoplasia, aplasia or atresia of the lacrimal system; anomalies of the ears and hearing loss; hypoplasias, apalsias or atresias of the salivary glands; dental anomalies and digital malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008358 biolink:NamedThing radial ray hypoplasia-choanal atresia syndrome Radial ray hypoplasia - choanal atresia is an extremely rare syndrome characterized by radial ray hypoplasia, choanal atresia and convergent strabismus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012064 biolink:NamedThing choanal atresia-hearing loss-cardiac defects-craniofacial dysmorphism syndrome Choanal atresia - deafness - cardiac defects - dysmorphism syndrome, also known as Burn-McKeown syndrome, is an extremely rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by bilateral choanal atresia associated with a characteristic cranio-facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism with narrow palpebral fissures, coloboma of inferior eyelid with presence of eyelashes medial to the defect, prominent nasal bridge, thin lips, prominent ears), that can be accompanied by hearing loss, unilateral cleft lip, preauricular tags, cardiac septal defects and anomalies of the kidneys. The features of this syndrome overlaps considerably with those of the CHARGE syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012155 biolink:NamedThing choanal atresia Choanal atresia (CA) is a congenital anomaly of the posterior nasal airway characterized by the obstruction of one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) choanal aperture(s), with clinical manifestations ranging from acute respiratory distress to chronic nasal obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013324 biolink:NamedThing lymphedema-posterior choanal atresia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015237 biolink:NamedThing arrhinia Arrhinia is an extremely rare, major congenital malformation consisting of an absence of the nose ranging from hyporrhinia (absence of external nasal structures) to total arrhinia (absence of external nose, nasal airways, olfactory bulbs, or olfactory nerve) often causing respiratory distress and requiring surgical correction. Arrhinia can be bilateral or unilateral (hemiarrhinia). Associated anomalies include ocular features (hypertelorism, microphthalmia, eyelid coloboma), facial clefts, midline defects and microtia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015238 biolink:NamedThing arrhinia-choanal atresia-microphthalmia syndrome Arhinia-choanal atresia-microphthalmia is a malformation disorder characterized by complete or incomplete absence of nose (arrhinia), choanal atresia, microphthalmia, anophthalmia and cleft or high palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015295 biolink:NamedThing intractable diarrhea-choanal atresia-eye anomalies syndrome Intractable diarrhea-choanal atresia-eye anomalies syndrome is characterised by the association of intractable diarrhoea of infancy with choanal atresia. Short stature, a prominent and broad nasal bridge, micrognathia, single palmar creases, chronic corneal inflammation, cytopenia, and abnormal hair texture were also reported. So far, the syndrome has been described in three children from the same family. The absence of intellectual deficit and immune deficiency allow this syndrome to be distinguished from other forms of intractable diarrhoea of infancy described previously. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015387 biolink:NamedThing nasolacrimal duct cyst Nasolacrimal duct cyst describes a unilateral or bilateral congenital cyst of the nasolacrimal duct, which is almost always associated with dacryocystocele, presenting most commonly at birth or a few weeks of age (but rarely presenting in adulthood) as a benign, grayish blue mass in the inferomedial canthus or in the nasal cavity, that can cause epiphora, dacryocystitis (inflammation of the lacrimal sac) and nasal obstruction. It is more commonly reported in females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015388 biolink:NamedThing polyrrhinia Polyrrhinia is an extremely rare, major congenital malformation characterized by complete duplication of the nose resulting in twofully developed noses often associated with choanal atresia, causing respiratory distress and necessitating surgical repair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015389 biolink:NamedThing supernumerary nostril Supernumerary nostril is an extremely rare congenital malformation characterized by the presence of one or more accessory nostrils, with or without accessory cartilage, located medially, above, below or laterally to the other nostrils. Unlike in polyrhinia there is no duplication of the nasal septum/cavity. Supernumerary nostril is often associated with other congenital malformations usually of face. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015390 biolink:NamedThing proboscis lateralis Proboscis lateralis (PL) is a rare congenital facial abnormality characterized by failed development of the external nose on one side that is replaced by a tubular structure composed of skin and soft tissue usually attached at the inner canthus of the eye and therefore often associated with maldevelopment of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses of the affected side. PL is also associated with other craniofacial abnormalities such as orbital anomalies, cleft lip/palate, frontal encephalocele and holoprosencephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015392 biolink:NamedThing nasal glial heterotopia Nasal glial heterotopia is a rare developmental abnormality presenting usually at birth or in early childhood (rarely in adulthood) as a benign, non-pulsatile mass that can lead to nasal obstruction, deformation of the septum and nasal bone, and respiratory distress if untreated. Nasal glial heterotopias have no communication with the central nervous system; however an associated defect in the cribriform plate is sometimes reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015394 biolink:NamedThing nasal encephalocele Nasal encephalocele is an extracranial herniation of intracranial contents (that maintain a connection to the subarachnoid space) into the fonticulus frontalis, presenting with nasal broadening and/or as a compressible, blue, pulsatile mass near the nasal bridge (that enlarges on crying or with jugular vein compression) or as an intranasal mass originating in the cribiform plate and that can cause nasal obstruction or respiratory distress. Hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure are also reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015568 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015569 biolink:NamedThing congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis with holoprosencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018757 biolink:NamedThing supratip dysplasia Supratip dysplasia is a rare, congenital, non-syndromic, nose and cavum malformation characterized by the presence of a bulbous, soft tissue hypertrophy located in the middle-to-distal third of the nasal dorsum, in association with deformed, slightly laterally- and caudally-placed nasal alae and a scar-like atrophic skin lesion located at the nasal tip. Respiratory function is not affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018562 biolink:NamedThing genetic otorhinolaryngological malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007587 biolink:NamedThing external auditory canal atresia-vertical talus-hypertelorism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007876 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal abductor paralysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007878 biolink:NamedThing congenital laryngomalacia Increased collapsibility of the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007879 biolink:NamedThing larynx atresia A congenital malformation of the larynx in which there is failure of recanalization of the laryngotracheal tube during gestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007880 biolink:NamedThing congenital laryngeal web Congenital laryngeal web is a rare malformation consisting of a membrane-like structure that extends across the laryngeal lumen close to the level of the vocal cords. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008180 biolink:NamedThing congenital velopharyngeal incompetence Failure of the soft palate to reach the posterior pharyngeal wall to close the opening between the oral and nasal cavities. Incomplete velopharyngeal closure is primarily related to surgeries (adenoidectomy; cleft palate) or an incompetent palatopharyngeal sphincter. It is characterized by hypernasal speech. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010920 biolink:NamedThing microtia A congenital malformation of the external ear, seen more frequently in males, that occurs sporadically or is inherited, that is characterized by unilateral (79-93% of cases, 60% of which involve the right ear) or bilateral small and abnormally shaped auricles and that is often associated with atresia or stenosis of the ear canal, attention deficit disorders and delayed language development. The variation in auricle size ranges from grade I, where the auricle is simply smaller than normal, to grade IV, also known as anotia, where there is a complete absence of the external ear and of the auditory canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011227 biolink:NamedThing short stature-auditory canal atresia-mandibular hypoplasia-skeletal anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011340 biolink:NamedThing congenital tracheal stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015385 biolink:NamedThing external auditory canal aplasia/hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019780 biolink:NamedThing anotia A congenital malformation of the external ear and the most extreme form of microtia characterized by the complete absence of the external ear and auditory canal, conductive hearing loss, attention deficit disorders and delayed language development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019804 biolink:NamedThing tracheomalacia Congenital tracheomalacia is a rare condition where the trachea is soft and flexible causing the tracheal wall to collapse when exhaling, coughing or crying, that usually presents in infancy, and that is characterized by stridor and noisy breathing or upper respiratory infections. Tracheomalacia improves by the age of 18-24 months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044702 biolink:NamedThing X-linked external auditory canal atresia-dilated internal auditory canal-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000118 biolink:NamedThing reticulate pigment disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019288 biolink:NamedThing skin pigmentation disorder A pigmentation disease that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016574 biolink:NamedThing hypo- and hypermelanotic cutaneous macules-retarded growth-intellectual disability syndrome Hypo- and hypermelanotic cutaneous macules-retarded growth-intellectual disability syndrome is a neurocutaneous syndrome characterised by congenital hypomelanotic and hypermelanotic cutaneous macules. It has been described in individuals spanning three generations of an Indian family. Some of the patients also had retarded growth and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019289 biolink:NamedThing hyperpigmentation of the skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019290 biolink:NamedThing hypopigmentation of the skin A condition caused by a deficiency or a loss of melanin pigmentation in the epidermis, also known as hypomelanosis. Hypopigmentation can be localized or generalized, and may result from genetic defects, trauma, inflammation, or infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000136 biolink:NamedThing keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans is a rare genodermatosis occurring during infancy or childhood, predominantly affecting males, and characterized by diffuse follicular hyperkeratosis associated with progressive cicatricial alopecia of the scalp, eyebrows and eyelashes. Additional findings can include photophobia, corneal dystrophy, facial erythema, and/or palmoplantar keratoderma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000736 biolink:NamedThing dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria A pigmentation disease characterized by reticulate hyper- and hypo-pigmentated macules in a generalized distribution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004980 biolink:NamedThing atopic eczema A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005083 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis An autoimmune condition characterized by red, well-delineated plaques with silvery scales that are usually on the extensor surfaces and scalp. They can occasionally present with these manifestations: pustules; erythema and scaling in intertriginous areas, and erythroderma, that are often distributed on extensor surfaces and scalp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006602 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis A clonal proliferation of abnormal keratinocytes characterized by the development of localized or multiple atrophic skin patches surrounded by an annular keratotic ring called cornoid lamella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007046 biolink:NamedThing hereditary papulotranslucent acrokeratoderma A keratosis of the hands and feet characterized by persistent, asymptomatic, yellowish to white papules and plaques associated with fine-textured scalp hair and an atopic diathesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007101 biolink:NamedThing familial primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007203 biolink:NamedThing blue rubber bleb nevus Blue rubber bleb nevus (BRBNS) is a rare vascular malformation disorder with cutaneous and visceral lesions frequently associated with serious, potentially fatal bleeding and anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007446 biolink:NamedThing dermatosis papulosa nigra A benign skin condition commonly seen in dark-skinned individuals that is characterized by multiple small hyperpigmented papular lesions resembling seborrheic keratosis on the face and upper body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007447 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant vibratory urticaria An autosomal dominant disease characterized by localized hives and systemic manifestations in response to dermal vibration, with coincident degranulation of mast cells and increased histamine levels in serum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007574 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 34 A subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I (ADCA type I), characterized by papulosquamous, ichthyosiform plaques on the limbs appearing shortly after birth and later manifestations including progressive ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus and decreased reflexes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007619 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital adermatoglyphia Isolated congenital adermatoglyphia is a rare, genetic develomental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by the lack of epidermal ridges on the palms and soles, resulting in the absence of fingerprints, with no other associated manifestations. It is associated with a reduced number of sweat gland openings and reduced transpiration of palms and soles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007757 biolink:NamedThing hyperkeratosis-hyperpigmentation syndrome Hyperkeratosis-hyperpigmentation syndrome describes a very rare hyperpigmentation of the skin characterized by tiny hyperpigmented spots mainly on skin exposed to sunlight, together with mild punctate palmoplantar papular hyperkeratosis as a major feature. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007899 biolink:NamedThing lichen sclerosus et atrophicus A chronic inflammatory process affecting the skin. It is characterized by the presence of white, indurated plaques, epidermal atrophy, and fibrosis of the upper dermis. It usually appears in the vulva and penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007902 biolink:NamedThing lichen planus, familial An instance of lichen planus that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008244 biolink:NamedThing piebaldism Piebaldism is a rare congenital pigmentation skin disorder characterized by the presence of hypopigmented and depigmented skin areas (leukoderma) on various parts of the body, preferentially on the forehead, chest, abdomen, upper arms, and lower extremities, that are associated with a white forelock (poliosis), and in some cases with hypopigmented and depigmented eyebrows and eyelashes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008403 biolink:NamedThing scalp defects-postaxial polydactyly syndrome Scalp defects-postaxial polydactyly syndrome is characterised by congenital scalp defects and postaxial polydactyly type A. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008420 biolink:NamedThing seborrheic keratosis A common benign skin neoplasm usually affecting older individuals. The lesions usually are multiple and arise in the face, chest, and shoulders. They appear as black or brown, slightly elevated skin lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008632 biolink:NamedThing urticaria, aquagenic Aquagenic urticaria is a rare condition in which urticaria (hives) develop rapidly after the skin comes in contact with water, regardless of its temperature. It most commonly affects women and symptoms often start around the onset of puberty. Some patients report itching too. It is a form of physical urticaria . The exact underlying cause of aquagenic urticaria is currently unknown. Due to the rarity of the condition, there is very limited data regarding the effectiveness of individual treatments; however, various medications and therapies have been used with variable success. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008634 biolink:NamedThing urticaria, familial localized heat DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008640 biolink:NamedThing vasculitis, lymphocytic, nodular Lymphocytic vasculitis is one of several skin conditions which are collectively referred to as cutaneous vasculitis. In lymphocytic vasculitis, white blood cells (lymphocytes) cause damage to blood vessels in the skin. This condition is thought to be caused by a number of factors, but the exact cause of most cases is not known. This disease can present with a variety of symptoms, depending on the size, location, and severity of the affected area. In a minority of patients, cutaneous vasculitis can be part of a more severe vasculitis affecting other organs in the body - this is known as systemic vasculitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008695 biolink:NamedThing chorea-acanthocytosis Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a form of neuroacanthocytosis and is characterized clinically by a Huntington disease-like phenotype with progressive neurological symptoms including movement disorders, psychiatric manifestations and cognitive disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008716 biolink:NamedThing acrogeria A congenital skin condition characterized by premature aging, more especially in the form of unusually fragile, thin skin on the hands and feet. Its onset is in early childhood; it progresses over the next few years and then remains stable. A bruising tendency has been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008794 biolink:NamedThing anhidrosis, familial generalized, with abnormal or absent sweat glands DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009081 biolink:NamedThing deafness, congenital, with total albinism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009093 biolink:NamedThing dermatoleukodystrophy Dermatoleukodystrophy is characterised by the association of a progressive leukodystrophy marked by generalised mental and motor impairment with the presence of thickened and wrinkled skin. It has been described in a Japanese brother and sister born to healthy parents. Both patients died in early childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009176 biolink:NamedThing epidermodysplasia verruciformis A rare inherited genodermatosis characterized by chronic infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) leading to polymorphous cutaneous lesions and high risk of developing non melanoma skin cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009306 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency with skin granulomas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009530 biolink:NamedThing lipoid proteinosis Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare genodermatosis characterized clinically by mucocutaneous lesions, hoarseness developing in early childhood and, at times, neurological complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009925 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum An autosomal recessive form of PXE. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010403 biolink:NamedThing albinism-hearing loss syndrome A syndromic genetic hearing loss is characterised by congenital nerve deafness and piebaldness with no ocular albinism. It has been described in one large pedigree. Transmission is X-linked with affected males presenting with profound sensorineural deafness and severe pigmentary abnormalities of the skin, and carrier females presenting with variable hearing impairment without any pigmentary changes. The causative gene has been mapped to Xq26.3-q27.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010672 biolink:NamedThing linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies A genetic condition that affects the eyes and skin. It is mainly found in females and is characterized by small or poorly developed eyes (microphthalmia) and characteristic linear skin markings on the head and neck. The signs and symptoms of this condition may include abnormalities of the brain, heart, and genitourinary system. Other symptoms may include short stature, developmental delay, and finger and toenails that do not grow normally (nail dystrophy). MLS syndrome is typically caused by either a deletion of certain genetic material on the p (short) arm of the X chromosome or by a mutation in the HCCS gene. In some cases, it may be caused by mutations in the COX7B and NDUFB11 genes, (also located on the X chromosome). According to the mutated gene, the disease may be classified in three subtypes. This condition is inherited in an X-linked manner and is thought to result in serious early developmental concerns in males, leading to almost no males with this condition surviving to delivery.Although there is no specific treatment or cure for MLS syndrome, there may be ways to manage the symptoms. A team of doctors is often needed to figure out the treatment options based on each person's symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011024 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis herpetiformis, familial Dermatitis herpetiformis is a rare, chronic, skin disorder characterized by groups of severely itchy blisters and raised skin lesions. These are more common on the knees, elbows, buttocks and shoulder blades. The slow onset of symptoms usually begins during adulthood, but children can also be affected. Other symptoms mayinclude fluid-filled sores; red lesions that resemble hives; and itchiness, rednessand burning. The exact cause of this disease is not known,but it is frequently associated with the inability to digest gluten. People with this disease are typically treated with the drug dapsone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011371 biolink:NamedThing hydroa vacciniforme, familial An instance of hydroa vacciniforme that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011405 biolink:NamedThing poikiloderma with neutropenia A skin disease characterized by poikiloderma, hyperkeratotic nails, generalized hyperkeratosis on palms and soles, neutropenia, short stature, and recurrent pulmonary infections. It has material basis in mutation in the C16ORF57 gene on chromosome 16q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011438 biolink:NamedThing acne An inflammatory process of the sebaceous glands which is characterized by comedones, nodules, papules and/or pustules on the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012669 biolink:NamedThing Legius syndrome Legius syndrome, also known as NF1-like syndrome, is a rare, genetic skin pigmentation disorder characterized by multiple cafC)-au-lait macules with or without axillary or inguinal freckling. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013806 biolink:NamedThing familial cutaneous telangiectasia and oropharyngeal predisposition cancer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015279 biolink:NamedThing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015947 biolink:NamedThing inherited ichthyosis Mendelian disorders of cornification affecting all or most of integument characterized by hyperkeratosis and/or scaling, caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015950 biolink:NamedThing inherited skin tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015951 biolink:NamedThing hereditary photodermatosis Hereditary photodermatoses are a spectrum of rare photosensitive disorders that are often caused by genetic deficiency or malfunction of various components of the DNA repair pathway. This results clinically in extreme photosensitivity, with many syndromes exhibiting an increased risk of cutaneous malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017197 biolink:NamedThing osteopathia striata-pigmentary dermopathy-white forelock syndrome Osteopathia striata-pigmentary dermopathy-white forelock syndrome is characterised by the association of osteopathia striata (longitudinal striations through most of the long bones) with a macular, hyperpigmented dermopathy and a white forelock. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017305 biolink:NamedThing syndromic oculocutaneous albinism A oculocutaneous albinism that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017411 biolink:NamedThing neonatal inflammatory skin and bowel disease Neonatal inflammatory skin and bowel disease is a rare, life-threatening, autoinflammatory syndrome with immune deficiency disorder characterized by early-onset, life-long inflammation, affecting the skin and bowel, associated with recurrent infections. Patients present perioral and perianal psoriasiform erythema and papular eruption with pustules, failure to thrive associated with chronic malabsorptive diarrhea, intercurrent gastrointestinal infections and feeding troubles, as well as absent, short or broken hair and trichomegaly. Recurrent cutaneous and pulmonary infections lead to recurrent blepharitis, otitis externa and bronchiolitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018577 biolink:NamedThing pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like skin manifestations with retinitis pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018827 biolink:NamedThing familial chilblain lupus An instance of Chilblain lupus that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018910 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) describes a group of inherited disorders of melanin biosynthesis characterized by a generalized reduction in pigmentation of hair, skin and eyes and variable ocular findings including nystagmus, reduced visual acuity and photophobia. Variants include OCA1A (the most severe form), OCA1B, OCA1-minimal pigment (OCA1-MP), OCA1-temperature sensitive (OCA1-TS), OCA2, OCA3, OCA4, OCA5, OCA6 and OCA7. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019272 biolink:NamedThing hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma An instance of palmoplantar keratosis that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019276 biolink:NamedThing inherited epidermolysis bullosa Inherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB) encompasses a number of disorders characterized by recurrent blister formation as the result of structural fragility within the skin and selected other tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019623 biolink:NamedThing hereditary angioedema Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a genetic disease characterized by the occurrence of transitory and recurrent subcutaneous and/or submucosal edemas resulting in swelling and/or abdominal pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020087 biolink:NamedThing genetic lipodystrophy Genetic lipodystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021026 biolink:NamedThing genetic epidermal appendage anomaly An instance of epidermal appendage anomaly that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021582 biolink:NamedThing lentigo A flat, benign, pigmented spot on the skin caused by excessive deposition of melanin from an increased number of melanocytes in the cell layer directly above the basement membrane of the epidermis. Formation is usually related to sun exposure during youth, and the lesions do not typically progress to malignancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024516 biolink:NamedThing familial acne inversa An instance of hidradenitis suppurativa that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043003 biolink:NamedThing familial acanthosis nigricans An instance of acanthosis nigricans (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100237 biolink:NamedThing inherited cutis laxa An instance of cutis laxa that is inherited. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000119 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005453 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart disease A heart disease that is present at birth. Representative examples include atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, and patent foramen ovale. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001389 biolink:NamedThing congenital coronary artery anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002078 biolink:NamedThing heart septal defect A congenital disorder characterized by the presence of an abnormal communication between the atria or the ventricles of the heart due to defects in the cardiac septum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002442 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (syncope) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are Romano-Ward syndrome (also known as long QT syndrome 1) and Jervell-Lange Nielsen syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008917 biolink:NamedThing heart defects-limb shortening syndrome Heart defects limb shortening is an association disorder combining congenital heart malformation and skeletal dysplasia (including coronal clefting of the vertebral bodies and short limbs). It has been described only once in the literature, in two male sibs from Kuwaiti first-cousins. The clinical and radiological features of these patients were reported as a distinct cardioskeletal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011827 biolink:NamedThing patent ductus arteriosus A congenital defect characterized by the failure of the ductus arteriosus to close soon after birth. As a consequence, blood from the aorta mixes with blood from the pulmonary artery. If untreated, it may lead to congestive heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015249 biolink:NamedThing mitral atresia disorder A congenital heart defect characterized by the complete atresia of the mitral valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015661 biolink:NamedThing dextrocardia A rare congenital abnormality in which the heart is located in the right side of the chest. It is associated with other congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018072 biolink:NamedThing persistent truncus arteriosus A rare congenital cardiovascular disorder characterized by the failure of the embryologic structure truncus arteriosus to divide into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. It results in the presence of a single vessel instead of two vessels leading out of the heart. Clinical signs and symptoms include cyanosis that is present at birth, poor growth, dyspnea, tachypnea, arrhythmia, cardiomegaly, and heart failure. If it is not surgically repaired, it leads to death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018901 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy characterized anatomically by prominent left ventricular trabeculae and deep intratrabecular recesses causing progressive systolic and diastolic dysfunction, conduction abnormalities, and occasionally thromboembolic events. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019808 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve atresia A rare congenital heart defect characterized by the complete failure of the aortic valve to open. It is manifested during infancy with cyanosis, dyspnea, and rapidly progressing heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020295 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary veins anomaly Aberrant drainage of one or more of the pulmonary veins which causes the return of oxygen-rich blood to the right atrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043127 biolink:NamedThing mehta lewis patton syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100009 biolink:NamedThing structural congenital heart disease, multiple types - GATA4 Any congenital heart disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GATA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000127 biolink:NamedThing geleophysic dysplasia Geleophysic dysplasia is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by short stature, prominent abnormalities in hands and feet, and a characteristic facial appearance (described as "happy''). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019695 biolink:NamedThing acromelic dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007055 biolink:NamedThing acromicric dysplasia Acromicric dysplasia is a rare bone dysplasia characterized by short stature, short hands and feet, mild facial dysmorphism, and characteristic X-ray abnormalities of the hands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007078 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A A type of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) characterized by renal resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH), resulting in hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and elevated PTH; resistance to other hormones including thydroid stimulating hormone (TSH), gonadotropins and growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH); and a constellation of clinical features known as Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007114 biolink:NamedThing angel-shaped phalango-epiphyseal dysplasia Angel-shaped phalango-epiphyseal dysplasia (ASPED) is a form of acromelic dysplasia characterized by the distinctive radiological sign of angel-shaped middle phalanges, a typical metacarpophalangeal pattern profile (mainly affecting first metacarpals and middle phalanges of second, third and fifth digits, which all appear short), epiphyseal changes in the hips and, in some, abnormal dentition and delayed bone age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007894 biolink:NamedThing Leri pleonosteosis Leri pleonosteosis is characterized by broadening and deformity of the thumbs and great toes in a valgus position (a 'spade-shaped' appearance), flexion contracture of the interphalangeal joints, generalized limitation of joint mobility, short stature, and often mongoloid facies. Additional malformations include genu recurvatum, enlargement of the posterior neural arches of the cervical vertebrae, and thickening of the palmar and forearm fasciae. A few multigenerational families have been reported so far. The disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008227 biolink:NamedThing peripheral dysostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009964 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the IFT140 gene on chromosome 16p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010279 biolink:NamedThing terminal osseous dysplasia-pigmentary defects syndrome A syndrome characterised by malformation of the hands and feet, pigmentary skin lesions on the face and scalp and digital fibromatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010505 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-balding-patella luxation-acromicria syndrome Intellectual disability-balding-patella luxation-acromicria syndrome is characterised by severe intellectual deficit, patella luxations, acromicria, hypogonadism, facial dysmorphism (including midface hypoplasia and premature frontotemporal balding). It has been described in three unrelated males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011907 biolink:NamedThing acrocapitofemoral dysplasia Acrocapitofemoral dysplasia is a recently delineated skeletal dysplasia, characterized clinically by short stature of variable degrees with short limbs, brachydactyly and narrow thorax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012911 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1C A rare type of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) characterized by resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) and other hormones, which manifests with hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH levels, a constellation of clinical features collectively termed Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), but normal activity of the stimulatory protein G (Gs alpha). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012912 biolink:NamedThing pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism A disease characterized by a constellation of clinical features collectively termed Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO) but no evidence of resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is seen in other forms of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017951 biolink:NamedThing trichorhinophalangeal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018096 biolink:NamedThing Weill-Marchesani syndrome Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a rare condition characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, and characteristic eye abnormalities including microspherophakia, ectopia of the lens, severe myopia, and glaucoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019406 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial conodysplasia Craniofacial conodysplasia is characterised by craniofacial dysplasia, cone-shaped physes of the hands and feet, and neurological manifestations resembling cerebral palsy. It has been described in one family. The syndrome appeared to be transmitted as a dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019797 biolink:NamedThing acrodysostosis Acrodysostosis (ACRDYS) is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by severe brachydactyly, peripheral dysostosis with facial dysostosis, nasal hypoplasia, and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000128 biolink:NamedThing giant axonal neuropathy A rare inherited disorder affecting the neurofilaments. It is caused by mutations in the GAN gene. It is characterized by the presence of abnormally large nerve cell axons. Signs and symptoms include difficulty walking, sensory disturbances, lack of motor coordination and abnormal reflexes in the limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004183 biolink:NamedThing axonal neuropathy Any nerve disorder affecting the axon of a nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017047 biolink:NamedThing infantile axonal neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007097 biolink:NamedThing Finnish type amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007100 biolink:NamedThing familial amyloid neuropathy Familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) or transthyretin (TTR) amyloid polyneuropathy is a progressive sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy of adulthood onset. Weight loss and cardiac involvement are frequent; ocular or renal complications may also occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007275 biolink:NamedThing carpal tunnel syndrome Entrapment of the median nerve in the wrist that is characterized by numbness, tingling and painful movement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007592 biolink:NamedThing familial recurrent peripheral facial palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007975 biolink:NamedThing meralgia paraesthetica, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008047 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 1 Episodic ataxia type 1 (EA1) is a frequent form of Hereditary episodic ataxia (EA) characterized by brief episodes of ataxia, neuromyotonia, and continuous interictal myokymia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008692 biolink:NamedThing abetalipoproteinemia Abetalipoproteinemia/ homozygous familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (ABL/HoFHBL) is a severe form of familial hypobetalipoproteinemia characterized by permanently low levels (below the 5th percentile) of apolipoprotein B and LDL cholesterol, and by growth delay, malabsorption, hepatomegaly, and neurological and neuromuscular manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008758 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a Alpers Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS) is a cerebrohepatopathy and a rare and severe form of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndrome characterized by the triad of progressive developmental regression, intractable seizures, and hepatic failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008783 biolink:NamedThing Tangier disease Tangier disease (TD) is a rare lipoprotein metabolism disorder characterized biochemically by an almost complete absence of plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and clinically by liver, spleen, lymph node and tonsil enlargement along with peripheral neuropathy in children and adolescents, and, occasionally, cardiovascular disease in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008948 biolink:NamedThing cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is an anomaly of bile acid synthesis characterized by neonatal cholestasis, childhood-onset cataract, adolescent to young adult-onset tendon xanthomata, and brain xanthomata with adult-onset neurologic dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009353 biolink:NamedThing homocystinuria due to methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency Homocystinuria due to methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency is a metabolic disorder characterised by neurological manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009499 biolink:NamedThing Krabbe disease A lysosomal disorder that affects the white matter of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It includes infantile, late-infantile/juvenile and adult forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009562 biolink:NamedThing beta-mannosidosis Beta-mannosidosis is a very rare lysosomal storage disease characterized by developmental delay of varying severity and hearing loss, but that can manifest a wide phenotypic heterogeneity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009665 biolink:NamedThing biotinidase deficiency Biotinidase deficiency is a late-onset form of multiple carboxylase deficiency, an inborn error of biotin metabolism that, if untreated, is characterized by seizures, breathing difficulties, hypotonia, skin rash, alopecia, hearing loss and delayed development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009723 biolink:NamedThing Leigh syndrome A progressive neurological disease defined by specific neuropathological features associating brainstem and basal ganglia lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009796 biolink:NamedThing ornithine aminotransferase deficiency A very rare inherited retinal dystrophy characterized by progressive chorioretinal atrophy, myopia and early cataract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009897 biolink:NamedThing adult polyglucosan body disease Adult polyglucosan body disease (APBD) is a glycogen storage disease of adults characterized by progressive upper and lower motor neuron dysfunction, progressive neurogenic bladder and cognitive difficulties that can lead to dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009958 biolink:NamedThing adult Refsum disease A very rare, clinically variable, multisystemic metabolic disease, characterized by anosmia, early-onset retinitis pigmentosa and possible neurological manifestations, including neuropathy, and cerebellar ataxia, deafness, ichthyosis, skeletal abnormalities, and cardiac arrhythmia. It is characterized biochemically by accumulation of phytanic acid in plasma and tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010006 biolink:NamedThing Sandhoff disease Sandhoff disease is a lysosomal storage disorder from the GM2 gangliosidosis family and is characterised by central nervous system degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010100 biolink:NamedThing Tay-Sachs disease GM2 gangliosidosis, variant B or Tay-Sachs disease is marked by accumulation of G2 gangliosides due to hexosaminidase A deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010161 biolink:NamedThing tyrosinemia type I Tyrosinemia type 1 (HTI) is an inborn error of tyrosine catabolism caused by defective activity of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) and is characterized by progressive liver disease, renal tubular dysfunction, porphyria-like crises and a dramatic improvement in prognosis following treatment with nitisinone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010184 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblC A form of methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria, an inborn error of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism characterized by megaloblastic anemia, lethargy, failure to thrive, developmental delay, intellectual deficit and seizures. cblC type methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria is caused by mutations in the MMACHC gene (1p36.3) and is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010188 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated deficiency of vitamin E Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED) is a neurodegenerative disease belonging to the inherited cerebellar ataxias. It is mainly characterized by progressive spino-cerebellar ataxia, loss of proprioception, areflexia, and is associated with a marked deficiency in vitamin E. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010526 biolink:NamedThing Fabry disease Fabry disease (FD) is a progressive, inherited, multisystemic lysosomal storage disease characterized by specific neurological, cutaneous, renal, cardiovascular, cochleo-vestibular and cerebrovascular manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010794 biolink:NamedThing NARP syndrome Neuropathy, Ataxia, and Retinitis Pigmentosa (NARP) syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous progressive condition characterized by a combination of proximal neurogenic muscle weakness, sensory-motor neuropathy, ataxia, and pigmentary retinopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011801 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, with axonal neuropathy 1 Spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy type 1 is a rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by a late childhood onset of slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia. Initial manifestations include weakness and atrophy of distal limb muscles, areflexia and loss of pain, vibration and touch sensations in upper and lower extremities. Gaze nystagmus, cerebellar dysarthria, peripheral neuropathy, stepagge gait and pes cavus develop as disease progresses. Cerebellar atrophy (especially of the vermis) is present in all affected individuals. Additional reported manifestations include seizures, mild brain atrophy, mild hypercholesterolemia and borderline hypoalbuminemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011871 biolink:NamedThing Niemann-Pick disease type B Niemann-Pick disease type B is a mild subtype of Niemann-Pick disease, an autosomal recessive lysosomal disease, and is characterized clinically by onset in childhood with hepatosplenomegaly, growth retardation, and lung disorders such as infections and dyspnea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012173 biolink:NamedThing long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD) is a mitochondrial disorder of long chain fatty acid oxidation characterized in most patients by onset in infancy/ early childhood with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, liver disease, hypotonia and frequently cardiac involvement with arrhythmias and/or cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012858 biolink:NamedThing primary CD59 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012984 biolink:NamedThing PHARC syndrome Fiskerstrand type peripheral neuropathy is a slowly-progressive Refsum-like disorder associating signs of peripheral neuropathy with late-onset hearing loss, cataract and pigmentary retinopathy that become evident during the third decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013382 biolink:NamedThing progressive demyelinating neuropathy with bilateral striatal necrosis Progressive polyneuropathy with bilateral striatal necrosis is a rare, genetic disorder of thiamine metabolism and transport characterized by the childhood-onset of recurrent episodes of flaccid paralysis and encephalopathy, associated with bilateral striatal necrosis and chronic progressive axonal polyneuropathy with proximal and distal muscle weakness, areflexia, contractures and foot deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014455 biolink:NamedThing cataract-growth hormone deficiency-sensory neuropathy-sensorineural hearing loss-skeletal dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014557 biolink:NamedThing ataxia - oculomotor apraxia type 4 Any oculomotor apraxia or related oculomotor disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PNKP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015339 biolink:NamedThing adrenomyeloneuropathy An adult form of the peroxisomal disease X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), characterized by spastic paraparesia and often associated with peripheral adrenal insufficiency in males. Both males and females can be affected with AMN. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015358 biolink:NamedThing hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy A group of slowly progressive inherited disorders affecting motor and sensory peripheral nerves. Subtypes include HMSNs I-VII. HMSN I and II both refer to CHARCOT-MARIE-Tooth DISEASE. HMSN III refers to hypertrophic neuropathy of infancy. HMSN IV refers to REFSUM DISEASE. HMSN V refers to a condition marked by a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated with spastic paraplegia (see SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA, HEREDITARY). HMSN VI refers to HMSN associated with an inherited optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY), and HMSN VII refers to HMSN associated with retinitis pigmentosa. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015364 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy An instance of sensory peripheral neuropathy that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015626 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease An inherited degenerative disorder involving the peripheral nerves. It is caused by mutations in the genes that are responsible for the production of proteins necessary for the function and structure of the peripheral nerves. It is characterized by muscle atrophy and weakness in the feet, legs, hands, and arms and loss of sensation in the limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017629 biolink:NamedThing sodium channelopathy-related small fiber neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018133 biolink:NamedThing attenuated Chédiak-Higashi syndrome Attenuated Chédiak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a very rare and atypical form of CHS, a genetic disorder characterized by partial oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), severe immunodeficiency, mild bleeding, neurological dysfunction and lymphoproliferative disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018151 biolink:NamedThing coenzyme Q10 deficiency A genetically heterogeneous condition, typically inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion, characterized by coenzyme Q10 deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018319 biolink:NamedThing familial episodic pain syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018576 biolink:NamedThing non-progressive predominantly posterior cavitating leukoencephalopathy with peripheral neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018868 biolink:NamedThing metachromatic leukodystrophy A rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of sulfatides in various tissues, leading to progressive deterioration of motor and neurocognitive function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018894 biolink:NamedThing distal hereditary motor neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018996 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, with axonal neuropathy 2 A rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia (ARCA), characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia associated with frequent oculomotor apraxia, severe neuropathy and an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019079 biolink:NamedThing proximal spinal muscular atrophy Proximal spinal muscular atrophies are a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness resulting from the degeneration and loss of the lower motor neurons in the spinal cord and the brain stem nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019234 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder Peroxisome biogenesis disorders, Zellweger syndrome spectrum (PBD-ZSS) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting the formation of functional peroxisomes, characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, pigmentary retinal degeneration, multiple organ dysfunction and psychomotor impairment, and is comprised of the phenotypic variants Zellweger syndrome (ZS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD) and infantile Refsum disease (IRD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024457 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034092 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy-ataxia-peripheral neuropathy-global developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044622 biolink:NamedThing EMILIN-1-related connective tissue disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800304 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IId DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000129 biolink:NamedThing glutaric aciduria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005066 biolink:NamedThing metabolic disease A congenital disorder (due to inherited enzyme abnormality) or acquired (due to failure of a metabolically important organ) disorder resulting from an abnormal metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000226 biolink:NamedThing mineral metabolism disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000721 biolink:NamedThing xanthinuria A metabolic metabolic disorder characterized by excess urinary excretion of the purine base xanthine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001314 biolink:NamedThing chondrocalcinosis An acute episode of pain, swelling, and redness, sometimes associated with fever. It is caused by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002908 biolink:NamedThing glucose metabolism disease A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal blood glucose levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005016 biolink:NamedThing diabetic kidney disease Progressive kidney disorder caused by vascular damage to the glomerular capillaries, in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is usually manifested with nephritic syndrome and glomerulosclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005236 biolink:NamedThing xanthoma A non-neoplastic disorder characterized by a localized collection of histiocytes containing lipid. Xanthomas usually occur in the skin and subcutaneous tissues, but occasionally they may involve the deep soft tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005266 biolink:NamedThing diabetic retinopathy A chronic, pathological complication associated with diabetes mellitus, where retinal damages are incurred due to microaneurysms in the vasculature of the retina, progressively leading to abnormal blood vessel growth, and swelling and leaking of fluid from blood vessels, resulting in vision loss or blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005347 biolink:NamedThing hypertriglyceridemia A laboratory test result indicating elevated triglyceride concentration in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005393 biolink:NamedThing gout A condition characterized by painful swelling of the joints, which is caused by deposition of urate crystals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006040 biolink:NamedThing lactic acidosis Metabolic acidosis characterized by the accumulation of lactate in the body. It is caused by tissue hypoxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006504 biolink:NamedThing acquired metabolic disease An instance of metabolic disease that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006573 biolink:NamedThing lipodystrophy A congenital or acquired disorder characterized by abnormal loss or redistribution of the adipose tissue in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010132 biolink:NamedThing familial thyroid dyshormonogenesis A type of primary congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid hormone deficiency that is present from birth, which results from inborn errors of thyroid hormone synthesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015327 biolink:NamedThing developmental anomaly of metabolic origin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017773 biolink:NamedThing hypoalphalipoproteinemia A metabolic disorder characterized by deficiency of high density (alpha) lipoprotein in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020696 biolink:NamedThing vitamin B12 deficiency A disease characterized by low serum levels of vitamin B12, either inherited or acquired. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021179 biolink:NamedThing proteostasis deficiencies Disorders caused by imbalances in the protein homeostasis network - synthesis, folding, and transport of proteins; post-translational modifications; and degradation or clearance of misfolded proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021187 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipidemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024322 biolink:NamedThing disorder of glycosylation A disease that has its basis in the disruption of glycosylation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024431 biolink:NamedThing bilirubin metabolism disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037748 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipoproteinemia An elevated concentration of lipoproteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037792 biolink:NamedThing carbohydrate metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of carbohydrate metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037821 biolink:NamedThing porphyrin metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037829 biolink:NamedThing purine metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of purine nucleobase metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037937 biolink:NamedThing pyrimidine metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041261 biolink:NamedThing disorder of acid-base balance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042970 biolink:NamedThing disorder of glutamate decarboxylase A disease that has its basis in the disruption of glutamate decarboxylase activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044092 biolink:NamedThing collagenous sprue A rare disorder affecting the digestive tract. Its cause is unclear but may be attributed, in part, to increased collagen synthesis without adequate fibrolysis. It is characterized histologically by atrophy of mucosal villi and crypts with extensive subepithelial collagen deposition. Clinical signs include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss. Unlike celiac sprue (celiac disease), a gluten-free diet does not predict a certain regression of the disease. The clinical course follows a progression of malabsorption leading to nutritional deficiencies, small bowel ulceration/perforation, lymphoma and infection. Prognosis is usually dismal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045012 biolink:NamedThing steroid metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of steroid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045022 biolink:NamedThing disorder of organic acid metabolism A disease that has its basis in the disruption of organic acid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0400003 biolink:NamedThing skeletal fluorosis A condition that results from excessive fluoride ingestion leading to fluoride accumulation in the bone progressively over many years. The early symptoms of skeletal fluorosis, include stiffness and pain in the joints. In severe cases, the bone structure may change and ligaments may calcify, with resulting impairment of muscles and pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000133 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome The Immunodeficiency, Centromeric region instability, Facial anomalies syndrome (ICF) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by immunodeficiency, although B cells are present, and by characteristic rearrangements in the vicinity of the centromeres (the juxtacentromeric heterochromatin) of chromosomes 1 and 16 and sometimes 9. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006025 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive disease Autosomal recessive form of disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000212 biolink:NamedThing hypercalcemia, infantile A hypercalcemia disease that occurs between 28 days to one year of life.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000463 biolink:NamedThing Ochoa syndrome Ochoa syndrome is characterized by the association of severe voiding dysfunction and a characteristic facial expression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001982 biolink:NamedThing Niemann-Pick disease A group of inherited, severe metabolic disorders in which sphingomyelin accumulates in lysosomes in cells. The lysosomes normally transport material through and out of the cell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002014 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular type The rare autosomal recessive form of the vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. vEDS is almost always inherited in an autosomal dominant manner but rare examples of biallelic inheritance have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006037 biolink:NamedThing hydrolethalus syndrome Hydrolethalus (HLS) is a severe fetal malformation syndrome characterized by craniofacial dysmorphic features, central nervous system, cardiac, respiratory tract and limb abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007477 biolink:NamedThing 3-M syndrome 3M syndrome is a primordial growth disorder characterized by low birth weight, reduced birth length, severe postnatal growth restriction, a spectrum of minor anomalies (including facial dysmorphism) and normal intelligence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007747 biolink:NamedThing isolated hyperchlorhidrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008158 biolink:NamedThing dacryocystitis-osteopoikilosis syndrome Dacryocystitis - osteopoikilosis is an exceedingly rare autosomal dominant disorder reported in only a few patients to date and is characterized by dacryocystitis due to lacrimal canal stenosis,and osteopoikilosis (demonastratedr adiologically as discrete spherical osteosclerotic lesions of 2-10mm in diameter). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008310 biolink:NamedThing Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare, fatal, autosomal dominant and premature aging disease, beginning in childhood and characterized by growth reduction, failure to thrive, a typical facial appearance (prominent forehead, protuberant eyes, thin nose with a beaked tip, thin lips, micrognathia and protruding ears) and distinct dermatologic features (generalized alopecia, aged-looking skin, sclerotic and dimpled skin over the abdomen and extremities, prominent cutaneous vasculature, dyspigmentation, nail hypoplasia and loss of subcutaneous fat). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008406 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy Autosomal recessive form of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008699 biolink:NamedThing achalasia microcephaly syndrome Achalasia-microcephaly is an extremely rare genetic syndrome, reported in a few families to date, characterized by the association of microcephaly, intellectual deficit and achalasia (with symptoms of coughing, dysphagia, vomiting, failure to thrive and aspiration appearing in infancy/early-childhood). Antenatal exposure to Mefloquine was reported in one simplex case. An autosomal recessive inheritance has been proposed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008719 biolink:NamedThing acrorenal syndrome, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of acrorenal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008760 biolink:NamedThing beta-ketothiolase deficiency Beta-ketothiolase (T2) deficiency is a rare organic aciduria affecting ketone body metabolism and the catabolism of isoleucine and characterized by intermittent ketoacidotic episodes associated with vomiting, dyspnea, tachypnoea, hypotonia, lethargy and coma, with an onset during infancy or toddlerhood and usually ceasing by adolescence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008762 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Alport syndrome Autosomal recessive Alport syndrome isa genetic condition characterized by kidney disease, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities. Most affected individuals experience progressive loss of kidney function, usually resulting in end-stage kidney disease. People with Alport syndrome frequently develop sensorineural hearing loss in late childhood or early adolescence. The eye abnormalities seen in this condition seldom lead to vision loss. Alport syndrome can have different patterns of inheritance. About15 percentof Alport syndrome cases are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and are caused bymutations in both copies of the COL4A3 or COL4A4 genes. Treatment is based on the symptoms present and may include medications to delay the progression of kidney disease. In most cases, a kidney transplant is eventually needed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008763 biolink:NamedThing Alstrom syndrome A multisystemic disorder characterized by cone-rod dystrophy, hearing loss, obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and progressive hepatic and renal dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008800 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia with limb anomalies Microphthalmia with limb anomalies, also known as ophthalmo-acromelic syndrome (OAS), is a rare developmental disorder characterized by bilateral microphthalmia or anophthalmia, synostosis, syndactyly, oligodactyly and/or polydactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008828 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome Camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa-vara-pericarditis (CACP) syndrome is a rare, genetic, rheumatologic disease characterized by congenital or early-onset camptodactyly and symmetrical, polyarticular, non-inflammatory, large joint arthropathy with synovial hyperplasia, as well as progressive coxa vara deformity and, occasionally, non-inflammatory pericarditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008858 biolink:NamedThing Behr syndrome A disorder characterized by early-onset optic atrophy along with neurological features, including ataxia, spasticity, and intellectual disability. Other signs and symptoms may be present and vary from person to person. This condition is caused by mutations in the OPA1 gene. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment depends on the specific signs and symptoms seen in the patient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008866 biolink:NamedThing bifid nose, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of bifid nose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008879 biolink:NamedThing Bowen-Conradi syndrome Bowen-Conradi syndrome (BCS) is a lethal autosomal recessive ribosomal biogenesis disorder characterized by severe prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, a distinctive facial appearance, extreme psychomotor delay, hip and knee contractures and rockerbottom feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008900 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly with fibrous tissue hyperplasia and skeletal dysplasia Camptodactyly - fibrous tissue hyperplasia - skeletal dysplasia syndrome is an extremely rare chondrodysplastic malformation syndrome that is characterized by the combination of arachnodactyly, becoming evident at around the age of 10, camptodactyly (hammertoes) and scoliosis. A mild facial dysmorphism including a broad nose and flaring nostrils, and a mild intellectual disability were also noted. Camptodactyly - fibrous tissue hyperplasia - skeletal dysplasia syndrome has been described once in 3 siblings and is suspected to follow autosomal recessive transmission. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1972. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008923 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive palmoplantar keratoderma and congenital alopecia Autosomal recessive palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and congenital alopecia (PPK-CA) is a rare genetic skin disorder characterized by congenital alopecia and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. It is usually associated with cataracts, progressive sclerodactyly and pseudo-ainhum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008926 biolink:NamedThing COFS syndrome Cerebrooculofacioskeletal (COFS) syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, belonging to a family of diseases of DNA repair, characterized by a severe sensorineural involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009035 biolink:NamedThing craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of craniometaphyseal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009046 biolink:NamedThing Fraser syndrome Fraser syndrome is a rare clinical entity including as main characteristics cryptophthalmos and syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009061 biolink:NamedThing cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder characterized by the production of sweat with a high salt content and mucus secretions with an abnormal viscosity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009092 biolink:NamedThing polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephaly A rare inherited leukodystrophy characterized by progressive presenile dementia associated with recurrent bone fractures due to polycystic osseous lesions of the lower and upper extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009097 biolink:NamedThing persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009104 biolink:NamedThing Donnai-Barrow syndrome Donnai-Barrow syndrome (DBS) is a rare, often severe, multiple congenital malformation syndrome with typical facial dysmorphism, ocular findings, hearing loss, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and variable intellectual disability. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and/or omphalocele are common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009145 biolink:NamedThing SchC6pf-Schulz-Passarge syndrome A rare autosomal recessive ectodermal dysplasia characterized by multiple eyelid apocrine hidrocystomas, palmoplantar keratoderma, hypotrichosis, hypodontia and nail dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009151 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip/palate-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome An ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by hair, skin and teeth anomalies, facial dysmophism with cleft lip and palate, cutaneous syndactyly and, in some cases, intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009162 biolink:NamedThing Ellis-van Creveld syndrome Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) is a skeletal and ectoderlam dysplasia characterized by a tetrad of short stature, postaxial polydactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009192 biolink:NamedThing Wolcott-Rallison syndrome Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS) is a very rare genetic disease, characterized by permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia and other clinical manifestations, including recurrent episodes of acute liver failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009209 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive faciodigitogenital syndrome Autosomal recessive facio-digito-genital syndrome is a very rare syndrome including short stature, facial dysmorphism, hand abnormalities and shawl scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009231 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia 2B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009242 biolink:NamedThing brittle cornea syndrome Brittle cornea syndrome is a form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by a severe ocular manifestations due to extreme corneal thinning and fragility with rupture in the absence of significant trauma, and progression to blindness. Extraocular manifestations comprise deafness, developmental hip dysplasia, and joint hypermobility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009356 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive humeroradial synostosis Autosomal recessive form of humeroradial synostosis (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009359 biolink:NamedThing multinucleated neurons-anhydramnios-renal dysplasia-cerebellar hypoplasia-hydranencephaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009360 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus, nonsyndromic, autosomal recessive 1 Any congenital hydrocephalus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC88C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009361 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive hydrocephalus due to congenital stenosis of aqueduct of Sylvius DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009404 biolink:NamedThing hypertelorism, microtia, facial clefting syndrome Hypertelorism-microtia-facial clefting syndrome, or HMC syndrome, is a very rare syndrome characterized by the combination of hypertelorism, cleft lip and palate and microtia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009426 biolink:NamedThing hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS), also known as hypoparathyroidism - intellectual disability-dysmorphism, is a rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome, mainly occurring in the Middle East and the Arabian Gulf countries, characterized by intrauterine growth restriction at birth, microcephaly, congenital hypoparathyroidism (that can cause hypocalcemic tetany or seizures in infancy), severe growth retardation, typical facial features (long narrow face, deep-set eyes, beaked nose, floppy and large ears, long philtrum, thin lips and micrognathia), and mild to moderate intellectual deficiency. Ocular findings (i.e. nanophthalmos, retinal vascular tortuosity and corneal opacification/clouding) and superior mesenteric artery syndrome have also been reported. Although SSS shares the same locus with the autosomal recessive form of Kenny-Caffey syndrome, the latter differs from SSS by its normal intelligence and skeletal features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009452 biolink:NamedThing Vici syndrome A very rare and severe congenital multisystem disorder characterized by the principal features of agenesis of the corpus callosum, cataracts, oculocutaneous hypopigmentation, cardiomyopathy and combined immunodeficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009465 biolink:NamedThing multiple intestinal atresia A rare form of intestinal atresia characterized by the presence of numerous atresic segments in the small bowel (duodenum) or large bowel and leading to symptoms of intestinal obstruction: vomiting, abdominal bloating and inability to pass meconium in newborns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009486 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Kenny-Caffey syndrome An autosomal recessive form of Kenny-Caffey syndrome due to mutation(s) in the TBCE gene, encoding tubulin-specific chaperone E. This condition is characterized by hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemia, marked growth retardation, craniofacial anomalies, absent diploic space in the skull, cortical thickening of long bones with medullary stenosis, and small hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009490 biolink:NamedThing Papillon-Lefevre disease Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) is a rare ectodermal dysplasia characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma associated with early-onset periodontitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009491 biolink:NamedThing Haim-Munk syndrome Haim-Munk syndrome (HMS) is characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, severe early-onset periodontitis, onychogryposis, pes planus, arachnodactyly and acroosteolysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009517 biolink:NamedThing Donohue syndrome Leprechaunism is a congenital form of extreme insulin resistance (a group of syndromes that also includes Rabson-Mensenhall syndrome, type A insulin-resistance syndrome, and acquired type B insulin-resistance syndrome) characterized by intrauterine and mainly postnatal severe growth retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009527 biolink:NamedThing lipase deficiency, combined A rare disorder caused by mutation in the LMF1 gene resulting in combined lipase deficiency with concomitant hypertriglyceridemia and associated disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009572 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive familial Mediterranean fever Autosomal recessive form of familial Mediterranean fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009575 biolink:NamedThing thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) is characterized by a triad of megaloblastic anemia, non-type I diabetes mellitus, and sensorineural deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009595 biolink:NamedThing cartilage-hair hypoplasia Cartilage-hair hypoplasia is a disease affecting the bone metaphyses causing small stature from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009623 biolink:NamedThing Nijmegen breakage syndrome Nijmegen breakage syndrome is a rare genetic disease presenting at birth with microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features, becoming more noticeable with age, growth delay, and later-onset complications such as malignancies and infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009626 biolink:NamedThing pseudo-TORCH syndrome A Mendelian disease characterised by the presence of microcephaly and intracranial calcifications at birth accompanied by neurological delay, seizures and a clinical course similar to that seen in patients after intrauterine infection with Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex (so-called TORCH syndrome), or other agents, despite repeated tests revealing the absence of any known infectious agent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009627 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome Galloway syndrome is characterized by the association of nephrotic syndrome and central nervous system anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009715 biolink:NamedThing myotonia congenita, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of myotonia congenita. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009726 biolink:NamedThing proteosome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009735 biolink:NamedThing Netherton syndrome Netherton syndrome (NS) is a skin disorder characterized by congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE), a distinctive hair shaft defect (trichorrhexis invaginata; TI) and atopic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009768 biolink:NamedThing oculodentodigital dysplasia, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of oculodentodigital dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009773 biolink:NamedThing odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia A form of ectodermal dysplasia characterised by hyperkeratosis and hyperhidrosis of the palms and soles, atrophic malar patches, hypodontia, conical teeth, onychodysplasia, and dry and sparse hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009779 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive omodysplasia Autosomal recessive form of omodysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009820 biolink:NamedThing osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome Osteoporosis pseudoglioma syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital or infancy-onset blindness and severe juvenile-onset osteoporosis and spontaneous fractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009833 biolink:NamedThing Shwachman-Diamond syndrome Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare multisystemic syndrome characterized by chronic and usually mild neutropenia, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency associated with steatorrhea and growth failure, skeletal dysplasia with short stature, and an increased risk of bone marrow aplasia or leukemic transformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009861 biolink:NamedThing phenylketonuria Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism and is characterized by mild to severe mental disability in untreated patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009872 biolink:NamedThing Bjornstad syndrome Bjrnstad syndrome is characterized by congenital sensorineural hearing loss and pili torti. Less than fifty cases have been reported so far. The hearing loss usually becomes evident very early in life, often in the first year. Pili torti, a condition in which the hair shaft is flattened and twisted, makes the hair very brittle and patients develop hair loss in the first two years of life. Bjrnstad syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive condition. It is caused by mutations in the BCS1L gene. Mutations in this gene also cause GRACILE syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009877 biolink:NamedThing Laron syndrome Laron syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by marked short stature associated with normal or high serum growth hormone (GH) and low serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) levels which fail to rise after exogenous GH administration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009889 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease An inherited disorder characterised by the development of cysts affecting the collecting ducts. It is frequently associated with hepatic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009926 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive multiple pterygium syndrome A rare congenital disorder, this is the non-lethal variant of multiple pterygium syndrome, characterized by orthopedic and craniofacial abnormalities, pterygium and akinethesia. The majority of cases are autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009955 biolink:NamedThing rapadilino syndrome RAPADILINO syndrome is a syndrome for which the acronym indicates the principal signs: RA for radial ray defect, PA for both patellae hypoplasia or aplasia and cleft or highly arched palate, DI for diarrhea and dislocated joints, LI for little size and limb malformations, NO for long, slender nose and normal intelligence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009999 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome Autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome (RRS) is the less common type of Robinow syndrome (RS) characterized by short-limb dwarfism, costovertebral segmentation defects and abnormalities of the head, face and external genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010031 biolink:NamedThing Sjogren-Larsson syndrome A neurocutaneous disorder caused by an inborn error of lipid metabolism and characterized by congenital ichthyosis, intellectual deficit, and spasticity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010058 biolink:NamedThing scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010072 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010118 biolink:NamedThing inherited threoninemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010134 biolink:NamedThing Pendred syndrome Pendred syndrome (PDS) is a clinically variable genetic disorder characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and euthyroid goiter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010180 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis Autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis (ARSD) is a rare condition of variable severity associated with vertebral and rib segmentation defects and characterised by a short neck with limited mobility, winged scapulae, a short trunk, and short stature with multiple vertebral anomalies at all levels of the spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010196 biolink:NamedThing Werner syndrome A rare inherited syndrome characterized by premature aging with onset in the third decade of life and with cardinal clinical features including bilateral cataracts, short stature, graying and thinning of scalp hair, characteristic skin disorders and premature onset of additional age-related disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010895 biolink:NamedThing ABCD syndrome An autosomal recessive disease that is characterized by albinism, black lock, cell migration disorder of the neurocytes of the gut and sensorineural deafness and has material basis in a mutation in the endothelin B receptor gene (EDNRB). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011017 biolink:NamedThing Naxos disease A recessively inherited condition with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) and a cutaneous phenotype, characterised by peculiar woolly hair and palmoplantar keratoderma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011054 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive amelia Autosomal recessive amelia is characterised by the absence of the upper limbs and severe underdevelopment of the lower limbs. Minor facial abnormalities (depressed nasal root, upturned nose, infra-orbital creases, prominent cheeks and micrognathia) were also reported. The syndrome has been described in three foetuses born to non consanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011099 biolink:NamedThing human HOXA1 syndromes Human HOXA1 syndromes is characterised by deafness, central hypoventilation, congenital ocular paralysis and developmental retardation. Cardiac anomalies and paralysis of the vocal chords may also be present. Six cases have been reported so far. Transmission is thought to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011382 biolink:NamedThing sickle cell anemia Sickle cell anemias are chronic hemolytic diseases that may induce three types of acute accidents: severe anemia, severe bacterial infections, and ischemic vasoocclusive accidents (VOA) caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells obstructing small blood vessels and capillaries. Many diverse complications can occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011422 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive proximal renal tubular acidosis Autosomal recessive proximal renal tubular acidosis (AR pRTA) is a rare form of proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA) characterized by an isolated defect in the proximal tubule leading to the decreased reabsorption of bicarbonate and consequentially to urinary bicarbonate wastage along with additional characteristic clinical features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011528 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgM syndrome type 2 A hyper-IgM syndrome characterized by the absence of immunoglobulin class switch recombination, the lack of immunoglobulin somatic hypermutations, and lymph node hyperplasia caused by the presence of giant germinal centers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011533 biolink:NamedThing temtamy preaxial brachydactyly syndrome An autosomal recessive disease that is characterized by brachydactyly, hyperphalangism of digits, facial dysmorphism, dental anomalies, sensorineural hearing loss, delayed motor and mental development, and growth retardation and has material basis in homozygous mutation in the CHSY1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011551 biolink:NamedThing TH-deficient dopa-responsive dystonia Autosomal recessive dopa-responsive dystonia (DYT5b) is a very rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by a spectrum of symptoms ranging from those seen in dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) to progressive infantile encephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011679 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis syndrome, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of craniosynostosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011882 biolink:NamedThing skin fragility-woolly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011978 biolink:NamedThing CoQ-responsive OXPHOS deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012041 biolink:NamedThing familial adenomatous polyposis 2 An autosomal recessive hereditary neoplastic syndrome caused by mutations in the MUTYH gene on chromosome 1p34.1. It is characterized by the presence of multiple colorectal polyps that may progress to carcinoma. Development of gastric and small intestinal polyps may also occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012184 biolink:NamedThing Pierson syndrome Pierson syndrome is characterised by the association of congenital nephrotic syndrome and ocular anomalies with microcoria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012530 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma-XX sex reversal-predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma syndrome Palmoplantar keratoderma-XX sex reversal-predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma syndrome is characterised by sex reversal in males with a 46, XX (SRY-negative) karyotype, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and a predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma. To date, five cases (four of whom were brothers) have been described. The aetiology is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012557 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy-hypotonia-lactic acidosis syndrome Cardiomyopathy-hypotonia-lactic acidosis syndrome is characterised by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, muscular hypotonia and the presence of lactic acidosis at birth. It has been described in two sisters (both of whom died within the first year of life) from a nonconsanguineous Turkish family. The syndrome is caused by a homozygous point mutation in the exon 3A of the SLC25A3 gene encoding a mitochondrial membrane transporter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012991 biolink:NamedThing Kahrizi syndrome An autosomal recessive disease that is characterized by mental retardation, cataracts, coloboma, kyphosis, and coarse facial features and has material basis in mutation in the SRD5A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013170 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa with severe pulmonary, gastrointestinal and urinary anomalies A autosomal recessive cutis laxa type I that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the LTBP4 gene on chromosome 19q13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013361 biolink:NamedThing congenital prothrombin deficiency Congenital factor II deficiency is an inherited bleeding disorder due to reduced activity of factor II (FII, prothrombin) and characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013519 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 2 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal recessive mutation of NOLA2 on chromosome 5q35.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013520 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 3 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal recessive mutation of WRAP53 on chromosome 17p13.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013523 biolink:NamedThing Nestor-Guillermo progeria syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013803 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013970 biolink:NamedThing branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase kinase deficiency A rare disorder of branched-chain amino acid metabolism characterized by childhood-onset epilepsy, autism and intellectual disability with reduced levels of plasma branched chain aminoacids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014076 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 5 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of RTEL1 on chromosome 20q13.33. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014131 biolink:NamedThing hypohidrosis-enamel hypoplasia-palmoplantar keratoderma-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014219 biolink:NamedThing alacrima, achalasia, and intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014412 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipoproteinemia, type 1D Any familial hyperlipidemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GPIHBP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014516 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly and chorioretinopathy 2 Any microcephaly and chorioretinopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLK4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014753 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive optic atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014864 biolink:NamedThing hypermanganesemia with dystonia 2 Any hypermanganesemia with dystonia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC39A14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014953 biolink:NamedThing gnb5-related intellectual disability-cardiac arrhythmia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015089 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia Autosomal recessive form of complex hereditary spastic paraplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015090 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive pure spastic paraplegia Autosomal recessive form of pure hereditary spastic paraplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015152 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy Autosomal recessive form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015229 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome A ciliopathy with multisystem involvement. It is invariantly characterized by rod-cone dystrophy, and at least three additional non-ocular features such as intellectual disability, obesity, polydactyly, hypogonadism, or renal anomalies as primary manifestations. In the absence of one of these four primary clinical features, the diagnosis of BBS is made when at least two secondary features are observed, including hepatic fibrosis, diabetes mellitus, reproductive and developmental abnormalities, growth retardation, speech delays, or cardiovascular problems DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015244 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCA) are a heterogeneous group of rare neurological disorders involving both the central and peripheral nervous system (and in some cases other systems and organs), and characterized by degeneration or abnormal development of the cerebellum and spinal cord and, in most cases, early onset occurring before the age of 20 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015361 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive hereditary demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015363 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive distal hereditary motor neuropathy Autosomal recessive form of distal hereditary motor neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015366 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy Autosomal recessive form of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015797 biolink:NamedThing UV-sensitive syndrome UV-sensitive syndrome is a condition that is characterized by sensitivity to the ultraviolet (UV) rays in sunlight. Even a small amount of sun exposure can cause a sunburn in affected individuals. In addition, these individuals can have freckles, dryness, or changes in coloring (pigmentation) on sun-exposed areas of skin after repeated exposure. Some people with UV-sensitive syndrome have small clusters of enlarged blood vessels just under the skin (telangiectasia), usually on the cheeks and nose. Although UV exposure can cause skin cancers, people with UV-sensitive syndrome do not have an increased risk of developing these forms of cancer compared with the general population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016002 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, kyphoscoliotic type 1 A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by severe hypotonia and kyphoscoliosis at birth, generalized joint hyperextensibility and ocular globe fragility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016006 biolink:NamedThing Cockayne syndrome A multisystem condition characterized by short stature, a characteristic facial appearance, premature aging, photosensitivity, progressive neurological dysfunction, and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016109 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive distal myopathy Autosomal recessive form of distal myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016543 biolink:NamedThing hyperphenylalaninemia due to tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency Hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) due to tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency, also known as malignant HPA is an amino acid disorder with neonatal onset that is clinically characterized by the classic manifestations of phenylketonuria (PKA) and that later on is clinically differentiated by neurologic symptoms such as microcephaly, intellectual disability, central hypotonia, delayed motor development, peripheral spasticity and seizures, that develop and persist despite an established metabolic control of plasma phenylalanine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016545 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome Leukoencephalopathy-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome is a rare, genetic epidermal disease characterized by early childhood-onset of punctate palmoplantar keratoderma in association with adult-onset leukoencephalopathy manifested by progressive tetrapyramidal syndrome and cognitive deterioration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016619 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia A rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by developmental abnormalities of the skin, sweat glands, hair and nails. Patients have a reduced ability to sweat. Other signs and symptoms include hypotrichosis and teeth malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016647 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Stickler syndrome A rare type of Stickler syndrome characterized by moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss, high myopia, retinal degeneration, vitreous anomalies, and epiphyseal dysplasia. Midface hypoplasia, cleft palate, as well as additional skeletal manifestations (such as platyspondyly, scoliosis, and tibial and femoral bowing at birth) have also been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016649 biolink:NamedThing Warburg micro syndrome Micro syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caracterised by ocular and neurodevelopmental defects and by microgenitalia. It presents with severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, congenital cataract, microcornea, microphthalmia, agenesis/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, and hypogenitalism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016660 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive primary microcephaly Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare genetically heterogeneous disorder of neurogenic brain development characterized by reduced head circumference at birth with no gross anomalies of brain architecture and variable degrees of intellectual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016817 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome Ear-patella-short stature syndrome is an association of malformations including bilateral microtia (severe hypoplasia of ear pinnae), absent patellae, short stature, poor weight gain, and characteristic facial features such as high forehead, micrognathism with full lips and small mouth, and accentuated nasolabial folds (smile wrinkles linking the nostrils to the labial commissure). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016828 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive sideroblastic anemia Congenital autosomal recessive sideroblastic anemia (ARSA) is a non-syndromic, microcytic/hypochromic sideroblastic anemia, present from early infancy and characterized by severe microcytic anemia, which is not pyridoxine responsive, and increased serum ferritin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017058 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Autosomal recessive form of intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017265 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis Autosomal recessive form of inherited ichthyosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017312 biolink:NamedThing Perrault syndrome Perrault syndrome (PS) is characterized by the association of ovarian dysgenesis in females with sensorineural hearing impairment. In more recent PS reports, some authors have described neurologic abnormalities, notably progressive cerebellar ataxia and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017324 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets Autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets (ARHR) is a hereditary renal phosphate-wasting disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia, rickets and/or osteomalacia and slow growth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017569 biolink:NamedThing de Barsy syndrome A rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by facial dysmorphism (down-slanting palpebral fissures, a broad flat nasal bridge and a small mouth) with a progeroid appearance, large and late-closing fontanel, cutis laxa (CL), joint hyperlaxity, athetoid movements and hyperreflexia, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, intellectual deficit and developmental delay, and corneal clouding and cataract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017570 biolink:NamedThing leukocyte adhesion deficiency Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by defects in the leukocyte adhesion process, marked leukocytosis and recurrent infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017842 biolink:NamedThing Senior-Loken syndrome Senior-Loken syndrome (SLSN) is a very rare autosomal recessive oculo-renal disease characterized by the association of nephronophthisis (NPHP), a chronic kidney disease, with retinal dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017847 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spastic ataxia Autosomal recessive form of spastic ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018218 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cerebral atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018274 biolink:NamedThing GM3 synthase deficiency GM3 synthase deficiency is characterized by recurrent seizures (epilepsy) and problems with brain development. Within the first few weeks after birth, affected infants become irritable and develop feeding difficulties and vomiting that prevent them from growing and gaining weight at the usual rate. Seizures begin within the first year of life and worsen over time. Multiple types of seizures are possible, including generalized tonic-clonic seizures (also known as grand mal seizures), which cause muscle rigidity, convulsions, and loss of consciousness. Some affected children also experience prolonged episodes of seizure activity called nonconvulsive status epilepticus. The seizures associated with GM3 synthase deficiency tend to be resistant (refractory) to treatment with antiseizure medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018440 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis Autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis (AR dRTA) is an inherited form of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) characterized by hypokalemic hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Deafness often occurs either early or later on in life but may be absent or never be diagnosed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018662 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive brachyolmia Brachyolmia, recessive type is a form of brachyolmia, a group of rare genetic skeletal disorders, characterized by short-trunked short stature with platyspondyly and scoliosis. Corneal opacities and precocious calcification of the costal cartilage are rare syndromic components. Premature pubarche may occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018866 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS) is an inherited, subacute encephalopathy characterised by the association of basal ganglia calcification, leukodystrophy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018964 biolink:NamedThing homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria Homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria is an inborn error of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism characterized by megaloblastic anemia, encephalopathy and, sometimes, developmental delay, and associated with homocystinuria and hyperhomocysteinemia. There are three types of homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria; cblE, cblG and cblD-variant 1 (cblDv1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019005 biolink:NamedThing nephronophthisis Progressive tubulointerstitial injury, inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, caused by mutations in genes involved in ciliary function, which may result in an end stage renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019026 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive osteopetrosis An autosomal recessive form of osteopetrosis caused by mutation(s) in at least 8 genes related to osteoclast function. This condition is characterized by the failure of osteoclasts to resorb bone, resulting in impaired bone modeling/remodeling, and skeletal fragility despite increased bone mass; it is also associated with hematopoietic insufficiency, hypocalcemia, disturbed tooth eruption, nerve entrapment syndromes, and growth impairment. Some cases are also associated with progressive neurological deterioration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019342 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome A rare autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the ATR gene, RBBP8 gene, CENPJ gene, CEP152 gene, CEP63 gene, NIN gene, DNA2 gene, or TRAIP gene. It is characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, dwarfism, microcephaly, mental retardation, and a "bird-headed" facial appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019501 biolink:NamedThing Usher syndrome A syndromic diseae characterized by the association of sensorineural deafness (usually congenital) with retinitis pigmentosa and progressive vision loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019502 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability Autosomal recessive form of non-syndromic intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019572 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 1 Autosomal recessive cutis laxa, type 1 (ARCL1) is a generalized connective tissue disorder characterized by the association of wrinkled, redundant and sagging inelastic skin with severe systemic manifestations (lung atelectesias and emphysema, vascular anomalies, and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract diverticuli). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019573 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2 A spectrum of connective tissue disorders characterized by the association of wrinkled, redundant and sagging inelastic skin with growth and developmental delay, and skeletal anomalies. The spectrum ranges from patients with classic ARCL2 (ARCL, Debre) type) to patients with a milder form of the disease, wrinkled skin syndrome (WSS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019588 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive form of nonsyndromic deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020096 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma Autosomal recessive form of isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020628 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, growth restriction, and increased sister chromatid exchange 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020781 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, progressive, early-onset, with brain edema and/or leukoencephalopathy, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020831 biolink:NamedThing congenital vertebral-cardiac-renal anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022316 biolink:NamedThing hair defect with photosensitivity and intellectual disability syndrome Syndrome with the association of stubby, coarse, sparse and fragile hair, eyebrows and eyelashes with photosensitivity and nonprogressive intellectual deficit, without a demonstrable metabolic aberration. It has been described in three sisters born to consanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0028226 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029134 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to CARMIL2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030837 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, impaired language, epilepsy, and gait abnormalities An autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay apparent in infancy. Affected individuals have delayed walking with variable gait abnormalities, including ataxia and spasticity, impaired intellectual development with poor or absent speech and language, and progressive microcephaly. Dysmorphic facial features may also be observed. Most patients have early-onset seizures; some may develop a demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. The clinical features suggest involvement of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032724 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity, type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033187 biolink:NamedThing combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 29 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033672 biolink:NamedThing Duane anomaly-myopathy-scoliosis syndrome Duane anomaly-myopathy-scoliosis syndrome is characterised by the association of bilateral Duane anomaly type 3, severe scoliosis of early onset, congenital myopathy with hypotonia without muscular weakness, delayed motor development, and short stature. It has been described in one pair of sibs. The Duane type 3 anomaly consists of eye abduction and adduction palsy, globe retraction and narrowing of the palpebral fissure. Muscular biopsy shows aspecific myopathy. Intellectual development is normal. The syndrome is most likely inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It differs from the Crisfield-Dretakis-Sharpe syndrome, in which short stature and muscular features are absent. Surgery of the scoliosis is necessary. Functional prognosis depends on the severity of the visual handicap. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033850 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive axonal charcot-marie-tooth disease due to copper metabolism defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033968 biolink:NamedThing immune dysregulation-inflammatory bowel disease-arthritis-recurrent infections-lymphopenia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034109 biolink:NamedThing congenital myopathy with reduced type 2 muscle fibers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034121 biolink:NamedThing NAD(P)HX dehydratase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034186 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive extra-oral halitosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040653 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive ocular albinism Autosomal recessive form of ocular albinism (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043106 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis linearis circumflexa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043364 biolink:NamedThing eosinophil peroxidase deficiency A rare abnormality of eosinophil granulocytes characterized by decreased or absent peroxidase activity and decreased volume of the granule matrix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044304 biolink:NamedThing hyperphenylalaninemia due to DNAJC12 deficiency Mild non-BH4-deficient hyperphenylalaninemia (HPANBH4) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased serum phenylalanine usually detected by newborn screening and associated with highly variable neurologic defects, including movement abnormalities and intellectual disability. Laboratory analysis shows dopamine and serotonin deficiencies in the cerebrospinal fluid, and normal BH4 metabolism. Evidence suggests that treatment with neurotransmitter precursors can lead to clinical improvement or even prevent the neurologic defects if started in infancy (summary by {1:Anikster et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054813 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classic-like, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060556 biolink:NamedThing joint laxity, short stature, and myopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060564 biolink:NamedThing HELIX syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060582 biolink:NamedThing auditory neuropathy-optic atrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100095 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration, childhood-onset, stress-induced, with variable ataxia and seizures Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset in the first years of life following normal early development, with cyclic episodic deterioration in response to stress, such as infection or febrile illness. The severity is highly variable. The cause is mutations in the ADPRHL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100121 biolink:NamedThing SCN4A-related myopathy, autosomal recessive Any congenital myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN4A gene. It include is a spectrum of autosomal recessive disorders including congenital myasthenic syndrome, fetal hypokinesia, and congenital myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100144 biolink:NamedThing Uner Tan Syndrome A tubulinopathy with material basis in TUBB2B that is characterized by variations in R390Q, quadrupedal locomotion, cerebellar hypoplasia and does not have basal ganglia malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100151 biolink:NamedThing nephropathic cystinosis An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CTNS gene, encoding cystinosin. It is a sub-type of cystinosis, in which accumulation of cystine in the kidney results in renal dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100156 biolink:NamedThing Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome type 1 An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by onset of megaloblastic anemia associated with decreased serum vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) in infancy or early childhood. Low molecular weight (LMW) proteinuria is frequently present, but sometimes occurs later and is usually mild or subclinical. Patients often present with vague symptoms, including failure to thrive, loss of appetite, fatigue, lethargy, and/or recurrent infections. Some patients may present later in childhood with neurologic abnormalities related to B12 deficiency, such as sensorimotor neuropathy and/or cognitive disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100157 biolink:NamedThing Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome type 2 An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by onset of megaloblastic anemia associated with decreased serum vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) in infancy or early childhood. Low molecular weight (LMW) proteinuria is frequently present, but usually occurs later and is usually mild or subclinical. Patients often present with vague symptoms, including failure to thrive, loss of appetite, fatigue, lethargy, and/or recurrent infections. Treatment with vitamin B12 results in sustained clinical improvement of the anemia. The proteinuria is nonprogressive, and affected individuals do not have deterioration of kidney function; correct diagnosis is important to prevent unnecessary treatment. The disorder results from a combination of vitamin B12 deficiency due to selective malabsorption of the vitamin, and impaired reabsorption of LMW proteins in the proximal renal tubule. These defects are caused by disruption of the AMN/CUBN complex that forms the 'cubam' receptor responsible for intestinal uptake of B12/GIF (CBLIF). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100165 biolink:NamedThing permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 1 A rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe hyperglycemia which requires insulin treatment soon after birth. The disorder results from a complete lack of glucokinase; total absence of basal insulin release was observed as well. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100211 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone insensitivity with immune dysregulation 1, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100215 biolink:NamedThing Rajab interstitial lung disease with brain calcifications 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100253 biolink:NamedThing Roberts-SC phocomelia syndrome A rare genetic syndrome with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. It is caused by a mutation in the ESCO2 gene. Clinical signs at birth include multiple limb and facial abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100348 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, impaired language, and gait abnormalities An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by global developmental delay apparent in infancy. Affected individuals have delayed walking with variable gait abnormalities, impaired intellectual development with poor or absent speech and language, and progressive microcephaly. More variable features include hypotonia, early-onset seizures, and a peripheral demyelinating or axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. The disease follows a neurodegenerative course in many patients; clinical features suggest involvement of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100368 biolink:NamedThing RPE65-related recessive retinopathy A retinopathy, which may include conditions described as retinitis pigmentosa and Leber congenital amaurosis, caused by biallelic variants in the RPE65 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100453 biolink:NamedThing GUCY2D-related recessive retinopathy A retinopathy caused by biallelic variants in the GUCY2D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100493 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive titinopathy Autosomal recessive form of TTN-related myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800399 biolink:NamedThing RP1-related recessive retinopathy An autosomal dominant retinopathy caused by variants in the RP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100137 biolink:NamedThing telomere syndrome Accelerated aging syndromes often caused by inheritable gene mutations resulting in decreased telomere lengths. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007485 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 1 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of TERC on chromosome 3q26.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010002 biolink:NamedThing Rothmund-Thomson syndrome Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) is a genodermatosis presenting with a characteristic facial rash (poikiloderma) associated with short stature due to pre- and postnatal growth delay, sparse scalp hair, sparse or absent eyelashes and/or eyebrows, juvenile cataracts, skeletal abnormalities, radial ray defects, premature aging and a predisposition to certain cancers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012815 biolink:NamedThing Coats plus syndrome Coats plus syndrome is a pleiotropic multisystem disorder characterized by retinal telangiectasia and exudates, intracranial calcification with leukoencephalopathy and brain cysts, osteopenia with predisposition to fractures, bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal bleeding and portal hypertension. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018835 biolink:NamedThing nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver is a rare parenchymatous liver disease characterized by diffuse benign transformation of the hepatic parenchyma into multiple small nodules (composed of regenerating hepatocytes) and that is usually asymptomatic but can lead to the development of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension and its complications, including esophageal variceal bleeding, hypersplenism and ascites. It is often associated with rheumatologic, autoimmune, hematologic, and myeloproliferative disorders as well as various immune deficiency states and exposure certain drugs and toxins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019391 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia Fanconi anemia (FA) is a hereditary DNA repair disorder characterized by progressive pancytopenia with bone marrow failure, variable congenital malformations and predisposition to develop hematological or solid tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800029 biolink:NamedThing interstitial lung disease 2 A nonneoplastic pulmonary disease that is characterized by the formation of scar tissue within the lungs in the absence of any known cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006552 biolink:NamedThing folliculitis Inflammation of the hair follicles. Causes include excessive perspiration, skin infections, and skin wounds. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023076 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic pustular folliculitis Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) is a skin disorder characterized by recurring itchy, red or skin-colored bumps and pustules (bumps containing pus). The condition is named after the fact that skin biopsies of this disorder find eosinophils (a type of immune cell) around hair follicles. The papules mostly appear on the face, scalp, neck and trunk and may persist for weeks or months. EPF affects males more than females.There are several variants of EPF includingclassic eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (mainly occurring in adults in Japan); HIV-associated EPF, also referred to as immunosuppression-associated EPF; and infantile EPF (with onset from birth or within the first year of life). Whether these are distinct disorders rather than variants of one disorder is controversial, partly because the underlying cause of EFP is not known.Several treatments have been described with variable results, including various oral or topical medications and phototherapy. In patients with HIV-associated disease, antiretroviral therapy tends to greatly diminish symptoms or even eliminate the condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024283 biolink:NamedThing Demodex folliculitis A demodicidosis that involves the hair follicle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043468 biolink:NamedThing acne keloid A chronic eruption of fibrous papules that develop and fuse to form a thick sclerotic, hypertrophic band at a site of deep folliculitis, usually along the posterior hairline of the scalp. It is most commonly seen in men of African descent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006566 biolink:NamedThing keratosis A skin disorder consisting of hypertrophy of the stratum corneum of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006522 biolink:NamedThing acquired keratosis Focal or diffuse thickening of the skin not inherited as a primary genetic disorder. Causes include inflammatory skin disorders, infectious disorders, lymphedema, and medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006530 biolink:NamedThing cholesteatoma A pathologic process characterized by the proliferation of keratinizing squamous epithelium resulting in the accumulation of keratin and cells in the middle ear and/or mastoid. It may be congenital or acquired. If left untreated, it may increase in size and destroy adjacent structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006590 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratosis A group of autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked inherited or acquired disorders characterized by the thickening of the palms and soles due to hyperkeratosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007048 biolink:NamedThing acrokeratosis verruciformis A rare genetic skin keratinization disorder with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. It is characterized by numerous flesh-colored warty papules on the back of the hands, medial aspect of the feet, knees, and elbows. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043206 biolink:NamedThing trichostasis spinulosa Trichostasis spinulosa (TS) is a condition where instead of one hair protruding from a hair follicle, a bundle or bush of hair come out of a single follicle. This results in elevated, dark spiny papules on the head, face (usually the nose), and trunk. In this condition, there are numerous tiny open pores filled with multiple tiny short hairs, usually only visible with a magnifying glass. TS usually does not cause problems andmay only be noticed as an incidental finding. The exact cause is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018855 biolink:NamedThing keratosis pilaris atrophicans An uncommon form of keratosis pilaris in which there are scar-like follicular depressions and loss of hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008849 biolink:NamedThing atrophoderma vermiculata DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018086 biolink:NamedThing ulerythema ophryogenesis Ulerythema ophryogenesis is characterised by inflammatory keratotic papules occurring on the face, which may be followed by scars, atrophy and alopecia. Prevalence is unknown but the disease, affecting mainly children and young adults, is rare. Erythema with mild hyperkeratosis of the hair follicles resulting in rough papules is observed on the cheeks and lateral aspects of the eyebrows. The disorder occasionally extends to the adjacent scalp, ears and forehead and rarely to the extensor surfaces of the limbs. Symptoms regress with age, although loss of the lateral aspects of the eyebrows can occur. Many cases occur sporadically; autosomal dominant inheritance has also been reported. There is no particular treatment, but patients should avoid sun exposure without UV protection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020162 biolink:NamedThing secondary ectropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007201 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome Blepharophimosis, Ptosis, and Epicanthus Inversus syndrome (BPES) is an ophthalmic disorder characterized by blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus, that can appear associated with (type I) or without premature ovarian failure (POF) (type II). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007922 biolink:NamedThing lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome Lymphedema - distichiasis is a rare syndromic lymphedema disorder characterized by lower-limb lymphedema and varying degrees of abnormal growth of eyelashes from the orifices of the Meibomian glands (distichiasis), with occasional associated manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008853 biolink:NamedThing Barber-Say syndrome Barber Say syndrome (BSS) is a rare ectodermal dysplasia with neonatal onset characterized by congenital generalized hypertrichosis, atrophic skin, ectropion and microstomia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009903 biolink:NamedThing postaxial acrofacial dysostosis Postaxial acrofacial dysostosis (POADS) is a type of acrofacial dysostosis characterised by mandibular and malar hypoplasia, small and cup-shaped ears, lower lid ectropion, and symmetrical postaxial limb deficiencies with absence of the fifth digital ray and ulnar hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009910 biolink:NamedThing Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome is a very rare disorder with features of premature aging recognizable at birth, decreased subcutaneous fat, hypotrichosis, relative macrocephaly and dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017778 biolink:NamedThing lamellar ichthyosis A keratinization disorder characterized by the presence of large scales all over the body without significant erythroderma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800159 biolink:NamedThing disorder of polyamine metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that has its basis in the disruption of the polyamine metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007205 biolink:NamedThing diaphyseal medullary stenosis-bone malignancy syndrome Diaphyseal medullary stenosis with malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a very rare autosomal dominant bone dysplasia/cancer syndrome characterized clinically by bone infarctions, cortical growth abnormalities, pathological fractures, and development of bone sarcoma (malignant fibrous histiocytoma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010664 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Snyder type Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS) is an X-linked intellectual disability syndrome, including also hypotonia, an unsteady gait, osteoporosis, kyphoscoliosis and facial asymmetry. Severe generalized psychomotor evolving to moderate to profound global intellectual disability is also observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033642 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with alopecia and brain abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005560 biolink:NamedThing brain disorder A disease affecting the brain or part of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000489 biolink:NamedThing diabetic encephalopathy A brain disease that is characterized by functional impairment of cognition, cerebral signal conduction, neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity, and underlying structural pathology associated with diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001150 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001291 biolink:NamedThing brain compression DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001706 biolink:NamedThing cerebral sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis of the cerebrum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001711 biolink:NamedThing hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome observed in some patients with cirrhosis. It is defined as a spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities in patients with liver dysfunction, when other known brain disease has been excluded.Signs and symptomsmay be debilitating, and they can begin mildly and gradually, or occur suddenly and severely. They may includepersonality or moodchanges, intellectual impairment, abnormal movements,a depressed level of consciousness, and other symptoms.There are several theories regarding the exact cause, butdevelopment of the condition isprobablyat least partiallydue to the effect of substances that are toxic to nerve tissue (neurotoxic), which are typically present with liver damage and/or liver disease. Treatment depends upon the severity of mental status changes and upon the certainty of the diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001834 biolink:NamedThing visual pathway disorder A disorder of the neural pathway from the optic nerve to the visual cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002317 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system origin vertigo An illusion of movement, either of the external world revolving around the individual or of the individual revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of the inner ear (ear, inner); vestibular nerve; brainstem; or cerebral cortex. Lesions in the temporal lobe and parietal lobe may be associated with focal seizures that may feature vertigo as an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002427 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar disorder Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction include dysmetria, gait ataxia, and muscle hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002727 biolink:NamedThing olfactory nerve disorder A disease involving the olfactory nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003081 biolink:NamedThing thalamic disorder A disorder of the thalamus. Causes include brain neoplasms, cerebrovascular disorders, brain trauma, brain hypoxia, infections, and brain hemorrhage. Signs and symptoms include movement and sensory abnormalities, visual abnormalities, ataxia, and coma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003381 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gland disorder A disease involving the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003568 biolink:NamedThing disorder of optic chiasm A disease that involves the optic chiasma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003996 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia disorder A disease involving the basal ganglia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005027 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy A brain disorder characterized by episodes of abnormally increased neuronal discharge resulting in transient episodes of sensory or motor neurological dysfunction, or psychic dysfunction. These episodes may or may not be associated with loss of consciousness or convulsions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005084 biolink:NamedThing mental disorder A disease that has its basis in the disruption of mental process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005099 biolink:NamedThing subarachnoid hemorrhage Intracranial hemorrhage into the subarachnoid space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005262 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system cyst A congenital or acquired cyst that is present in the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005277 biolink:NamedThing migraine disorder A common, severe type of vascular headache often associated with increased sympathetic activity, resulting in nausea, vomiting, and light sensitivity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005301 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis A progressive autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system resulting in demyelination. Patients develop physical and cognitive impairments that correspond with the affected nerve fibers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005429 biolink:NamedThing prion disease A transmissible disease that is caused by a protein that is able to induce abnormal folding of normal cellular proteins, leading to characteristic spongiform brain changes, which are associated with neuronal loss without an inflammatory response. Such disorders have typically long incubation periods, but are then generally rapidly progressive and are uniformly fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005493 biolink:NamedThing carbon monoxide-induced delayed encephalopathy Anoxic encephalopathy resulting from acute CO intoxication, developing within 2-6 weeks of the poisoning event DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005625 biolink:NamedThing cerebral malaria A sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum in the brain, which can cause coma and/or seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005640 biolink:NamedThing akinetic mutism A syndrome characterized by a silent and inert state without voluntary motor activity despite preserved sensorimotor pathways and vigilance. Bilateral frontal lobe dysfunction involving the anterior cingulate gyrus and related brain injuries are associated with this condition. This may result in impaired abilities to communicate and initiate motor activities. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p348; Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1995 Feb;63(2):59-67) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005942 biolink:NamedThing Reye syndrome An acute and potentially fatal metabolic disorder characterized by cerebral edema, fatty liver and hypoglycemia. It occurs primarily in children and has been associated with the use of aspirin for the treatment of viral infections. However, it can also occur in the absence of aspirin use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006684 biolink:NamedThing brain edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see hypoxia, brain). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of csf flow (e.g., obstructive hydrocephalus). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006741 biolink:NamedThing encephalomalacia Localized atrophy of the brain parenchyma due to aging, hemorrhage, infarct, or inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006796 biolink:NamedThing hypertensive encephalopathy Encephalopathy resulting from hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006810 biolink:NamedThing intracranial hypertension A finding characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure within the skull. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006811 biolink:NamedThing intracranial hypotension Reduction of cerebrospinal fluid pressure characterized clinically by headache which is maximal in an upright posture and occasionally by an abducens nerve palsy (see abducens nerve diseases), neck stiffness, hearing loss (see deafness); nausea; and other symptoms. This condition may be spontaneous or secondary to spinal puncture; neurosurgical procedures; dehydration; uremia; trauma (see also craniocerebral trauma); and other processes. Chronic hypotension may be associated with subdural hematomas (see hematoma, subdural) or hygromas. (From Semin Neurol 1996 Mar;16(1):5-10; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp637-8) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007020 biolink:NamedThing Wernicke encephalopathy An acute neurological disorder characterized by the triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbances of mental activity or consciousness. Eye movement abnormalities include nystagmus, external rectus palsies, and reduced conjugate gaze. thiamine deficiency and chronic alcoholism are associated conditions. Pathologic features include periventricular petechial hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to korsakoff syndrome. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1139-42; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp452-3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007539 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, recurrent, of childhood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008890 biolink:NamedThing progressive bulbar palsy Progressive bulbar palsy involves the brain stem. The brain stem is the part of the brain needed for swallowing, speaking, chewing, and other functions. Signs and symptoms of progressive bulbar palsy include difficulty swallowing, weak jaw and facial muscles, progressive loss of speech, and weakening of the tongue. Additional symptoms include less prominent weakness in the arms and legs, and outbursts of laughing or crying (called emotional lability). Progressive bulbar palsy is considered a variant form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Many people with progressive bulbar palsy later develop ALS. While there is no cure for progressive bulbar palsy or for ALS, doctors can treat symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011057 biolink:NamedThing cerebrovascular disorder A disorder resulting from inadequate blood flow in the vessels that supply the brain. Representative examples include cerebrovascular ischemia, cerebral embolism, and cerebral infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011612 biolink:NamedThing glycine encephalopathy Glycine encephalopathy (GE) is an inborn error of glycine metabolism characterized by accumulation of glycine in body fluids and tissues, including the brain, resulting in neurometabolic symptoms of variable severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013600 biolink:NamedThing insomnia A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep and/or remaining asleep. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015141 biolink:NamedThing disorder of medulla oblongata A disease that involves the medulla oblongata. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015144 biolink:NamedThing brain inflammatory disease An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016158 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome Narcolepsy with cataplexy is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive day-time sleepiness associated with uncontrollable sleep urges and cataplexy (loss of muscle tone often triggered by pleasant emotions). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017079 biolink:NamedThing meningoencephalocele A congenital abnormality in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the cranium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018477 biolink:NamedThing bilirubin encephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018489 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune encephalopathy with parasomnia and obstructive sleep apnea Autoimmune encephalopathy with parasomnia and obstructive sleep apnea is a rare neurologic disorder characterized by a unique non-REM and REM parasomnia with sleep breathing dysfunction, gait instability and repetitive episodes of respiratory insufficiency, as well as autoantibodies against IgLON5. Patients may present stridor, chorea, limb ataxia, abnormal ocular movements, and bulbar symptoms (i.e. dysphagia, dysarthria, episodic central hypoventilation) with normal brain MRI. Excessive day sleepiness and cognitive deterioration have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019213 biolink:NamedThing cerebral organic aciduria A inherited organic acidemia that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019371 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy without cataplexy Narcolepsy without cataplexy is characterized by excessive day-time sleepiness associated with uncontrollable sleep urges and sometimes paralysis at sleep, hypnagogic hallucinations and automatic behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020143 biolink:NamedThing cerebral lipidosis with dementia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021211 biolink:NamedThing brain neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022236 biolink:NamedThing colpocephaly Colpocephaly is a congenital brain abnormality in which the occipital horns - the posterior or rear portion of the lateral ventricles (cavities) of the brain - are larger than normal because white matter in the posterior cerebrum has failed to develop or thicken. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022871 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum agenesis of blepharophimosis robin type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022872 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum dysgenesis X-linked recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022873 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum dysgenesis cleft spasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022874 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum dysgenesis hypopituitarism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024238 biolink:NamedThing cerebral degeneration A neurodegenerative disease that involves the telencephalon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035344 biolink:NamedThing acute bilirubin encephalopathy A rare neurologic disease characterized by lethargy, hypotonia, poor feeding, opisthotonus, and a typical high-pitched cry due to bilirubin accumulation in the globus pallidus, sub-thalamic nuclei, and other brain regions, resulting from severe neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Onset of symptoms is typically within the first three to five days of life. Additional features include fever, apnea, seizures, and coma. Especially respiratory failure or refractory seizures may lead to a fatal outcome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035345 biolink:NamedThing chronic bilirubin encephalopathy A rare neurologic disease characterized by the chronic consequences of bilirubin toxicity in the globus pallidus, sub-thalamic nuclei, and other brain regions, after exposure to high levels of unconjugated bilirubin in the neonatal period. Symptoms begin after the acute phase of bilirubin encephalopathy in the first year of life, evolve slowly over several years, and include mild to severe extrapyramidal disturbances (especially dystonia and athetosis), auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, and oculomotor and dental abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043510 biolink:NamedThing brain injury Acute and chronic (see also brain INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and brain STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043512 biolink:NamedThing traumatic encephalopathy Encephalopathy resulting from trauma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043537 biolink:NamedThing cluster headache syndrome A headache disorder that is characterized by periodic severe, unilateral orbital, supraorbital, and/or temporal pain, and is associated with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044996 biolink:NamedThing cerebral cortex disorder A disease or disorder that involves the cerebral cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044997 biolink:NamedThing midbrain disorder A disease or disorder that involves the midbrain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100478 biolink:NamedThing brain malformations with or without urinary tract defects A brain disorder caused by pathogenic variants in NFIA that is characterized by developmental delay, corpus callosum agenesis/hypoplasia and craniofacial dysmorphism, such as macrocephaly (caused by hydrocephalus or ventriculomegaly), low-set ears, anteverted nostrils and micrognathia. Urinary tract defects (e.g. vesicoureteral reflux, urinary incontinence) are also frequently associated. Other reported variable manifestations include hypotonia, tethered spinal cord, Chiari type I malformation and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000138 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondrodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009943 biolink:NamedThing Pyle disease A bone dysplasia characterised by genu valgum, metaphyseal anomalies with broadening of the long bones extending into the diaphyses and giving the femora and tibiae an 'Erlenmeyer flask'' appearance, widening of the ribs and clavicles, platyspondyly and cortical thinning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008971 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia calcificans Metaphysealis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000141 biolink:NamedThing mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome Mosaic variegated aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly characterized by multiple mosaic aneuploidies that leads to a variety of phenotypic abnormalities and cancer predisposition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005508 biolink:NamedThing hereditary multiple osteochondromas A bone neoplasm characterised by development of two or more cartilage capped bony outgrowths (osteochondromas) of the long bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007187 biolink:NamedThing nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome A rare hereditary disorder due to autosomal dominant transmission with hamartosis characterized by multiple early-onset basal cell carcinoma (BCC), multiple jaw keratocysts and skeletal abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007315 biolink:NamedThing cherubism Cherubism is a rare, self-limiting, fibro-osseous, genetic disease of childhood and adolescence characterized by varying degrees of progressive bilateral enlargement of the mandible and/or maxilla, with clinical repercussions in severe cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007566 biolink:NamedThing multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma Multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma (also known as Ferguson-Smith disease (FSD)) is a rare inherited skin cancer syndrome characterized by the development of multiple locally invasive skin tumors resembling keratoacanthomas of the face and limbs which usually heal spontaneously after several months leaving pitted scars. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007681 biolink:NamedThing goiter, multinodular 1, with or without Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors Any multinodular goiter in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DICER1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007967 biolink:NamedThing melanoma and neural system tumor syndrome Melanoma and neural system tumor syndrome is an extremely rare tumor association characterized by dual predisposition to melanoma and neural system tumors (typically astrocytoma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008145 biolink:NamedThing Ollier disease A rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by the development of multiple mainly unilateral or asymmetrically distributed enchondromas throughout the metaphyses of the long bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010159 biolink:NamedThing mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1 A rare childhood cancer predisposition syndrome caused by biallelic inheritance of mutations in MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, or PMS2 genes. It is characterized by the development of childhood cancers, usually hematological malignancies and/or brain tumors, and colorectal cancers with multiple intestinal polyps. The majority of patients show signs of neurofibromatosis type 1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010518 biolink:NamedThing Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by microthrombocytopenia, eczema, infections and an increased risk for autoimmune manifestations and malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010686 biolink:NamedThing N syndrome N syndrome is characterised by intellectual deficit, deafness, ocular anomalies, T-cell leukaemia, cryptorchidism, hypospadias and spasticity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011071 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thrombocytopenia and hematologic cancer predisposition syndrome The disorder is characterized by thrombocytopenia of varying severity and a predisposition to hematologic malignancies. It may be caused due to germ line variations in the RUNX1, ETV6 or ANKRD26 genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011740 biolink:NamedThing Carney-Stratakis syndrome Carney-Stratakis syndrome is a recently described familial syndrome characterized by gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and paragangliomas, often at multiple sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012548 biolink:NamedThing Kostmann syndrome Kostmann syndrome is a rare, severe, congenital neutropenia disorder characterized by a lack of mature neutrophils (absolute neutrophil counts less than 500 cells/mm3) associated with frequent, recurrent bacterial infections (e.g. otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis, urinary tract infections, abscesses of skin and/or liver) and increased promyelocytes in the bone marrow. Periodontal disease, as well as neurological symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, severe neurodegeneration and epilepsy, have been reported in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013692 biolink:NamedThing BAP1-related tumor predisposition syndrome BAP1-related tumor predisposition syndrome (TPDS) is an inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome, associated with germline mutations in BAP1 tumor suppressor gene. The most commonly observed cancer types include uveal melanoma, malignant mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, breast cancer and meningioma, with variable age of onset. Common cutaneous manifestations include malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and benign melanocytic BAP1-mutated atypical intradermal tumors (MBAIT) presenting as multiple skin-coloured to reddish-brown dome-shaped to pedunculated, well-circumscribed papules with an average size of 5 mm, histologically predominantly composed of epithelioid melanocytes with abundant amphophilic cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli and large, vesicular nuclei that vary substantially in size and shape. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013759 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 8 An inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome due to a gain-of-function germline mutation in the MITF gene, associated with a higher incidence of amelanotic and nodular melanoma, multiple primary melanomas and increase in nevus number and size. It may also predispose to co-occurring melanoma and renal cell carcinoma and to pancreatic cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013808 biolink:NamedThing Maffucci syndrome Maffucci syndrome is a very rare genetic bone and skin disorder characterized by multiple enchondromas, leading to bone deformities, combined with multiple dark, irregularly shaped hemangiomas or less commonly lymphangiomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014268 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to OX40 deficiency Combined immunodeficiency due to OX40 deficiency is a rare combined T and B cell immunodeficiency characterized by susceptibility to develop an aggressive, childhood-onset, disseminated, cutaneous and systemic Kaposi sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014527 biolink:NamedThing progeroid features-hepatocellular carcinoma predisposition syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014809 biolink:NamedThing DDX41-related hematologic malignancy predisposition syndrome Any hereditary neoplastic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DDX41 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015027 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated hyperparathyroidism A rare, autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome characterized by hypercalcemia, abnormally high levels of parathyroid hormone, and isolated hyperfunctioning parathyroid tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015517 biolink:NamedThing common variable immunodeficiency Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by a significant hypogammaglobulinemia of unknown cause, failure to produce specific antibodies after immunizations and susceptibility to bacterial infections, predominantly caused by encapsulated bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015780 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare ectodermal dysplasia that often presents with the classic triad of nail dysplasia, skin pigmentary changes, and oral leukoplakia associated with a high risk of bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016473 biolink:NamedThing familial rhabdoid tumor A neoplastic syndrome most often caused by mutations in the hSNF5/INI1 tumor suppressor gene. It is characterized by the development of an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor in infancy and early childhood. This highly aggressive tumor develops in the central nervous system as an isolated lesion or in combination with extrarenal or renal rhabdoid tumor. Patients may also develop other central nervous system malignancies including medulloblastoma, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and choroid plexus carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016537 biolink:NamedThing lymphoproliferative syndrome A disorder characterized by proliferation of lymphocytes at various stages of differentiation. Lymphoproliferative disorders can be neoplastic (clonal, as in lymphomas and leukemias) or reactive (polyclonal, as in infectious mononucleosis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017169 biolink:NamedThing multiple endocrine neoplasia Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is a group of rare inherited cancer syndromes characterized by the development of two or more endocrine gland tumors, sometimes with tumor development in other tissues or organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017891 biolink:NamedThing inherited renal cancer-predisposing syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018160 biolink:NamedThing hereditary retinoblastoma An inherited malignant tumor that originates in the nuclear layer of the retina. A predisposition to retinoblastoma has been associated with 13q14 cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with the inherited form appear to be at increased risk for secondary nonocular malignancies such as osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018453 biolink:NamedThing familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018538 biolink:NamedThing inherited digestive cancer-predisposing syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018875 biolink:NamedThing Li-Fraumeni syndrome Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare cancer predisposition syndrome characterized by the early-onset of multiple primary cancers such as breast cancer, soft tissue and bone sarcomas, brain tumors and adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018893 biolink:NamedThing Cobb syndrome Cobb syndrome is defined by the association of vascular cutaneous (venous or arteriovenous), muscular (arteriovenous), osseous (arteriovenous) and medullary (arteriovenous) lesions at the same metamere or spinal segment. This segmental distribution may involve one or many of the 31 metameres present in humans. Only 16% of the medullary lesions are multiple and have a clearly metameric distribution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021061 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis A hereditary neoplastic syndrome in which tumors grow in the nervous system. There are typically 3 main types recognized, but other forms with uncertain etiology exist. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035645 biolink:NamedThing inherited gynecological cancer-predisposing syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800290 biolink:NamedThing Li-fraumeni-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850064 biolink:NamedThing inherited hematologic cancer-predisposing syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019040 biolink:NamedThing chromosomal disorder Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal chromosome constitution in which there is extra or missing chromosome material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment). (from Thompson et al., Genetics in Medicine, 5th ed, p429) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000761 biolink:NamedThing syndrome caused by partial chromosomal deletion A chromosomal disorder consisting of the absence of a part of a chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000762 biolink:NamedThing syndrome caused by partial chromosomal duplication A chromosomal disorder consisting of the presence of a part of a chromosome in more copies than in a regular genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019934 biolink:NamedThing polyploidy Chromosomal disorder in which the chromosomal constitution of a cell containing multiples of the normal number of chromosomes; includes triploidy (symbol: 3N), tetraploidy (symbol: 4N), etc. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020049 biolink:NamedThing autosomal anomaly Chromosomal disorder in which the chromosomal anomaly involves an autosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020058 biolink:NamedThing gonosome anomaly Chromosomal disorder in which the chromosomal anomaly involves an gonosome. A gonosome is a chromosome responsible for sex determination. In humans and most animals, the sex chromosomes are designated X and Y. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023099 biolink:NamedThing FRAXD syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043678 biolink:NamedThing chromosome inversion disorder Chromosomal disorder consisting of the presence a chromosome rearrangement in which a segment has been turned through 180 degrees (inverted), and inserted back into its original location on the chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700064 biolink:NamedThing aneuploidy Chromosomal disorder consisting of the presence a chromosomal abnormality in which there is an addition or loss of chromosomes within a set. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700086 biolink:NamedThing uniparental disomy A condition characterized by the inheritance of a chromosome pair from one parent and no chromosomal copies from the other parent. It results in developmental abnormalities or rare recessive disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700091 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome disorder Chromosomal disorder in which the chromosomal anomaly consists of the presence of a ring chromosome. A ring chromosome is a chromosome whose arms have fused together to form a ring, often with the loss of the ends of the chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000147 biolink:NamedThing polyposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021075 biolink:NamedThing neoplastic polyp DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002771 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis Chronic progressive interstitial lung disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure, or right heart failure. Causes include chronic inflammatory processes, exposure to environmental irritants, radiation therapy, autoimmune disorders, certain drugs, or it may be idiopathic (no identifiable cause). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001438 biolink:NamedThing postinflammatory pulmonary fibrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003563 biolink:NamedThing diffuse pulmonary fibrosis Diffuse replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003564 biolink:NamedThing localized pulmonary fibrosis Replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue in a specific area of the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021953 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous fibrosis of lung Scarring of the lung parenchyma caused by pulmonary tuberculosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023286 biolink:NamedThing graphite pneumoconiosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003225 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow disorder Any disease of the bone marrow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005246 biolink:NamedThing osteomyelitis An acute or chronic inflammation of the bone and its structures due to infection with pyogenic bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005374 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow neoplasm Neoplasms that affect the bone marrow. Such neoplasms may arise in the bone marrow (e.g. myeloid leukemias) or may involve the bone marrow as secondary, metastatic tumors (e.g. metastatic carcinomas to the bone marrow). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005571 biolink:NamedThing polycythemia Abnormally high mass or concentration of red blood cells in the blood, either due to an increase in erythropoiesis or a decrease in plasma volume. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023007 biolink:NamedThing Drachtman Weinblatt Sitarz syndrome A rare genetic disorder, characterized by under-development of bone marrow and neurological disorders such as weakness on one side of the body, agenesis of corpus callosum and hydrocephalus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044903 biolink:NamedThing myelofibrosis A partial or complete replacement of the bone marrow stroma by fibrous tissue. It can be a primary bone marrow lesion as part of the chronic myeloproliferative disorders (chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis), a manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia (acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis), or a secondary phenomenon due to bone marrow involvement by a metastatic tumor (e.g., metastatic breast carcinoma). --2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054862 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000151 biolink:NamedThing symphalangism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005172 biolink:NamedThing skeletal system disorder A disease involving the skeletal system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000812 biolink:NamedThing vertebral column disorder A disease involving the vertebral column. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001042 biolink:NamedThing patellar tendinitis A tendinitis that involves the patella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001365 biolink:NamedThing necrosis of ear ossicle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001910 biolink:NamedThing ochronosis disorder A disorder characterized by bluish-black discoloration of the cartilaginous tissues due to accumulation of homogentisic acid. It is associated with alkaptonuria. Signs and symptoms include dark urine, skin pigmentation, and arthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002360 biolink:NamedThing chondroma A benign well circumscribed neoplasm of hyaline cartilage arising from bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005293 biolink:NamedThing flatfoot An anatomic deformity in which the arch of the foot collapses, resulting in the entire sole of the foot coming into complete or near-complete contact with the ground. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005319 biolink:NamedThing humerus fracture A traumatic or pathologic injury to the humerus in which the continuity of the humerus is broken. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005320 biolink:NamedThing tibia fracture Traumatic or pathological injury to the tibia in which the continuity of the bone is broken. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005322 biolink:NamedThing ulna fracture Fractures of the larger bone of the forearm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005327 biolink:NamedThing hip fracture Traumatic or pathological injury to the hip in which the continuity of either the femoral head, femoral neck, intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric regions is broken. Symptoms include pain in the hip or groin, bruising and swelling in and around the hip area. The injured hip is turned outward and the leg appears shorter on that side. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005381 biolink:NamedThing bone disorder Diseases of bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005962 biolink:NamedThing skeletal tuberculosis Tuberculosis of the bones or joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006816 biolink:NamedThing arthropathy Any disorder of the joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006999 biolink:NamedThing tooth disorder A disease involving the calcareous tooth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011230 biolink:NamedThing ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine A disorder characterized by benign depositions of calcium in the posterior longitudinal ligament. Signs and symptoms result from the compression of nerve roots and include motor and sensory disturbances in the lower and upper extremities, and pain in the neck and arms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012544 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-syndactyly syndrome Brachydactyly-syndactyly, Zhao type is a recently described syndrome associating a brachydactyly type A4 (short middle phalanges of the 2nd and 5th fingers and absence of middle phalanges of the 2nd to 5th toes) and a syndactyly of the 2nd and 3rd toes. Metacarpals and metatarsals anomalies are common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021578 biolink:NamedThing sternal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the sternum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045004 biolink:NamedThing skeletal ligament disorder A disease or disorder that involves the skeletal ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800344 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-syndactyly-oligodactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000152 biolink:NamedThing thiamine-responsive dysfunction syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017578 biolink:NamedThing disorder of thiamine metabolism and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016981 biolink:NamedThing infantile spams-psychomotor retardation-progressive brain atrophy-basal ganglia disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000153 biolink:NamedThing transposition of the great arteries A congenital cardiac defect in which two heart vessels are reversed (transposed). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020285 biolink:NamedThing transposition of the great arteries and conotruncal cardiac anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016581 biolink:NamedThing conotruncal heart malformations Conotruncal heart malformations are a group of congenital cardiac outflow tract anomalies that include such defects as tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, double-outlet right ventricle (DORV), double-outlet left ventricle, truncus arteriosus and transposition of the great arteries (TGA), among others. This group of defects is frequently found in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. A deletion of chromosome 22q11.2 has equally been associated in a subset of patients with various types of isolated non-syndromic conotruncal heart malformations (with the exception of DORV and TGA where this is very uncommon). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020286 biolink:NamedThing aortic malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020287 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary artery or pulmonary branch anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000155 biolink:NamedThing triglyceride storage disease An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of sequestering of triglyceride. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019245 biolink:NamedThing lysosomal lipid storage disorder An inherited metabolic disorder in which harmful amounts of lipids accumulate in cells and tissues. Because of a functionally impaired hydrolase or auxiliary protein, their lipid substrates cannot be degraded, accumulate in the lysosome, and slowly spread to other intracellular membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002615 biolink:NamedThing xanthomatosis A condition marked by the development of widespread xanthomas, yellow tumor-like structures filled with lipid deposits. Xanthomas can be found in a variety of tissues including the skin; tendons; joints of knees and elbows. Xanthomatosis is associated with disturbance of lipid metabolism and formation of foam cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010204 biolink:NamedThing lysosomal acid lipase deficiency Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency is a lipid storage disease that can result in 1) an early-onset severe form, Wolman disease, or 2) a less severe form, cholesteryl ester storage disease, of cholesteryl ester accumulation in the body (liver, spleen, macrophages). Wolman disease is characterized by neonatal abdominal distension, major or even massive hepatosplenomegaly and calcified adrenal glands, cholesteryl ester storage disease presents with microvesicular steatosis leading to hepatomegaly and hypercholesterolaemia with subsequent liver failure and accelerated atherosclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015611 biolink:NamedThing neutral lipid storage disease Neutral lipid storage disease (NLSD) refers to a group of diseases characterized by a deficit in the degradation of cytoplasmic triglycerides and their accumulation in cytoplasmic lipid vacuoles in most tissues of the body. The group is heterogeneous: currently cases of NLSD with icthyosis (NLSDI/Dorfman-Chanarin disease) and NLSD with myopathy (NLSDM/neutral lipid storage myopathy) can be distinguished. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016295 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis A group of inherited progressive degenerative brain diseases characterized clinically by a decline of mental and other capacities, epilepsy, and vision loss through retinal degeneration, and histopathologically by intracellular accumulation of an autofluorescent material, ceroid lipofuscin, in the neuronal cells in the brain and in the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019255 biolink:NamedThing sphingolipidosis An inherited metabolic disorder that affects the lysosomal degradation of the spinhgolipids. Representative examples include Gaucher disease, Tay-Sachs disease, and Niemann-Pick disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000156 biolink:NamedThing trigonocephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018234 biolink:NamedThing dysostosis A group of disorders in which the skeletal involvement is predominantly manifested as abnormalities of individual bones or in a group of bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001411 biolink:NamedThing synostosis A disease characterized by abnormal union between adjacent bones or parts of a single bone formed by osseous material, such as ossified connecting cartilage or fibrous tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009524 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-spasticity-ectrodactyly syndrome Intellectual disability-spasticity-ectrodactyly syndrome is a rare intellectual disability syndrome characterized by severe intellectual disability, spastic paraplegia (with wasting of the lower limbs) and distal transverse defects of the limbs (e.g. ectrodactyly, syndactyly, clinodactyly of the hands and/or feet). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010882 biolink:NamedThing aphalangy-syndactyly-microcephaly syndrome Aphalangy-syndactyly-microcephaly is an extremely rare malformation syndrome characterized by the association of partial distal aphalangia with syndactyly, duplication of metatarsal IV, microcephaly, and mild intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010981 biolink:NamedThing absent tibia-polydactyly-arachnoid cyst syndrome Tibia absent - polydactyly - arachnoid cyst syndrome is a very rare constellation of multiple anomalies, including absence or hypoplasia of the tibia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017423 biolink:NamedThing split hand or/and split foot malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017568 biolink:NamedThing Prata-Liberal-Goncalves syndrome Acrodysplasia scoliosis is a rare, genetic dysostosis disorder characterized by brachydactyly and other finger/toe anomalies (short and/or wide metacarpals, abnormal or absent metatarsals, broad halluces), carpal synostosis, fused cervical vertebrae, scoliosis and spina bifida occulta. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018034 biolink:NamedThing thalidomide embryopathy A group of anomalies presented in infants as a result of in utero exposure (between 20-36 days after fertilization) to thalidomide, a sedative used in treatment of a range of conditions, including morning sickness, leprosy and multiple myeloma (see these terms). Thalidomine embryopathy is characterized by phocomelia, amelia, forelimb and hand plate anomalies (absence of humerus and/or forearm, femur and/or lower leg, thumb anomalies). Other anomalies include facial hemangiomas, and damages to ears (anotia, microtia), eyes (microphthalmia, anophthalmos, coloboma, strabismus), internal organs (kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract), genitalia, and heart. Infant mortality associated with thalidomide embryopathy is estimated to be as high as 40%. Thalidomide is contraindicated in pregnancy and pregnancy prevention is recommended in women under treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044649 biolink:NamedThing omphalocele-diaphragmatic hernia-cardiovascular anomalies-radial ray defect syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005516 biolink:NamedThing osteochondrodysplasia A term referring to disorders characterized by abnormalities in the development of bones and cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008520 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-elbow wrist dysplasia syndrome Brachydactyly-elbow wrist dysplasia syndrome is a rare, genetic bone development disorder characterized by dysplasia of all the bony components of the elbow joint, abnormally shaped carpal bones, wrist joint radial deviation and brachydactyly. Patients typically present with slight flexion at the elbow joints (with impossibilty to perform active extension) and usually associate a limited range of motion of the elbow, wrist and finger articulations. Camptodactyly and syndactyly have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010094 biolink:NamedThing spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome Spondylocarpotarsal synostosis (SCT) syndrome is a skeletal dysplasia clinically characterized by postnatal progressive vertebral fusions frequently manifesting as block vertebrae, contributing to an undersized trunk and a disproportionate short stature, scoliosis, lordosis, carpal and tarsal synostosis, with club feet and a mild facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019029 biolink:NamedThing segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (SOD) is a rare disorder characterized by unilateral enlargement of the right or left maxillary alveolar bone and gingiva in the region from the back of the canines to the maxillary tuberosity. In the enlarged region, dental abnormalities such as missing teeth, abnormal spacing and delayed eruption occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019407 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic osteodysplastic dysplasia, Saul-Wilson type A bone development disease characterized by early developmental delay primarily involving speech, distinct facial features, short stature, brachydactyly, clubfoot deformities, cataracts, and microcephaly that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in COG4 on chromosome 16q22.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000160 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016022 biolink:NamedThing early myoclonic encephalopathy Early myoclonic encephalopathy (EME) is characterized clinically by the onset of fragmentary myoclonus appearing in the first month of life, often associated with erratic focal seizures and a suppression-burst EEG pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008041 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy, Hartung type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010682 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy, progressive, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011506 biolink:NamedThing familial infantile myoclonic epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012245 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 3 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC25A22 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014595 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 30 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SIK1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014916 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 41 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC1A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020683 biolink:NamedThing acute disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000222 biolink:NamedThing seminal vesicle acute gonorrhea Acute form of gonococcal seminal vesiculitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000257 biolink:NamedThing acute diarrhea Acute form of diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000943 biolink:NamedThing acute hydrops keratoconus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001028 biolink:NamedThing acute pericementitis An acute inflammatory process that affects the tissues that surround and support the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001031 biolink:NamedThing purulent acute otitis media Acute form of suppurative otitis media. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001051 biolink:NamedThing acute otitis externa Acute form of otitis externa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001064 biolink:NamedThing acute eustachian salpingitis Acute form of otosalpingitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001081 biolink:NamedThing acute cervicitis Acute inflammation of the cervix. Clinical manifestations include mucopurulent vaginal discharge and burning sensation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001125 biolink:NamedThing acute gonococcal epididymo-orchitis Acute form of gonococcal epididymo-orchitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001173 biolink:NamedThing acute salpingitis Acute inflammation of the fallopian tube. It is most often caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections. The infections usually originate in the vagina and ascend to the fallopian tube. Symptoms include abdominal, pelvic, and lower back pain, pain during ovulation and sexual intercourse, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Complications include infertility and ectopic pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001208 biolink:NamedThing acute respiratory failure Life-threatening respiratory failure that develops rapidly. Causes include injury, sepsis, drug overdose, and pancreatitis. It manifests with dyspnea and cyanosis and may lead to cardiovascular shock. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001214 biolink:NamedThing acute conjunctivitis Acute inflammation of the conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001218 biolink:NamedThing acute laryngopharyngitis An upper respiratory tract disease which involves inflammation of both larynx and pharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001230 biolink:NamedThing acute orbital inflammation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001610 biolink:NamedThing acute dacryocystitis Acute form of dacryocystitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001624 biolink:NamedThing acute sphenoidal sinusitis Acute form of sphenoid sinusitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001644 biolink:NamedThing acute proliferative glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli status post infection with nephritogenic streptococci, most often group A beta hemolytic streptococcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001650 biolink:NamedThing acute cystitis An acute infection of the bladder. It is usually caused by bacteria. Signs and symptoms include increased frequency of urination, pain or burning during urination, fever, cloudy or bloody urine, and suprapubic pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001802 biolink:NamedThing acute tympanitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001817 biolink:NamedThing acute closed-angle glaucoma Acute form of angle-closure glaucoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001838 biolink:NamedThing acute gonococcal prostatitis Acute form of gonococcal prostatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001870 biolink:NamedThing acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immunologic response of the kidney to infection, characterized by the sudden appearance of edema, hematuria, proteinuria and hypertension. It is essentially a disease of childhood that accounts for approximately 90% of renal disorders in children. The disease occurs especially in children between the ages of 2 and 12 years and young adults, and more often in male than in female. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001871 biolink:NamedThing acute diffuse glomerulonephritis An acute inflammation of the glomeruli, in which all glomeruli are affected, resulting in acute renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001895 biolink:NamedThing acute retrobulbar neuritis Acute form of retrobulbar neuritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001912 biolink:NamedThing acute frontal sinusitis Acute form of frontal sinusitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001930 biolink:NamedThing acute cholangitis Cholangitis that is both sudden in onset and of a relatively short duration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001949 biolink:NamedThing acute thyroiditis Acute form of thyroiditis (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002186 biolink:NamedThing acute maxillary sinusitis Acute form of maxillary sinusitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002492 biolink:NamedThing acute kidney failure Sudden and sustained deterioration of the kidney function characterized by decreased glomerular filtration rate, increased serum creatinine or oliguria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002738 biolink:NamedThing acute transudative otitis media Acute form of non-suppurative otitis media. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002815 biolink:NamedThing acute myocarditis The sudden onset of inflammation of heart muscle with myocellular necrosis; this is generally secondary to an infectious cause, and patients often have a recent history of a flu-like illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003138 biolink:NamedThing subacute glomerulonephritis A term that refers to glomerular damage resulting in hematuria, proteinuria, and azotemia. The histopathologic changes include rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003529 biolink:NamedThing acute pyelonephritis Sudden onset pyelonephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003652 biolink:NamedThing acute urate nephropathy Urolithiasis in which the composition of the stones is predominantly urate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003763 biolink:NamedThing acute stress disorder An anxiety disorder precipitated by an experience of intense fear or horror while exposed to a traumatic (especially life-threatening) event. The disorder is characterized by dissociative symptoms; vivid recollections of the traumatic event; avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event; and a constant state of hyperarousal for no more than one month. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004055 biolink:NamedThing acute inflammation of lacrimal passage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004265 biolink:NamedThing acute endometritis An acute, usually bacterial infection affecting the endometrium. It is characterized by the presence of neutrophils or microabscesses in the endometrial glands. Symptoms include fever, lower abdominal pain, and vaginal discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004598 biolink:NamedThing acute cor pulmonale A form of acute right heart failure produced by a sudden increase in resistance to blood flow in the pulmonary circulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004613 biolink:NamedThing acute intestinal ischemia Ischemia of the intestine that is rapid in onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004629 biolink:NamedThing subacute delirium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004777 biolink:NamedThing acute laryngitis An acute inflammatory process affecting the larynx. It is caused by bacteria, viruses, or vocal strain. Signs and symptoms include sore throat, cough, swallowing difficulties, and hoarseness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004781 biolink:NamedThing acute myocardial infarction Necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area. It is characterized by a severe and rapid onset of symptoms that may include chest pain, often radiating to the left arm and left side of the neck, dyspnea, sweating, and palpitations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004810 biolink:NamedThing acute ethmoiditis Acute form of ethmoid sinusitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004812 biolink:NamedThing acute dacryoadenitis Acute form of dacryoadenitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004940 biolink:NamedThing acute female pelvic peritonitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004969 biolink:NamedThing acute quadriplegic myopathy Acute quadriplegic myopathy (AQM) is a specific acquired myopathy in ICU patients. Patients with AQM are characterized by severe muscle weakness and atrophy of spinal nerve innervated limb and trunk muscles, while cranial nerve innervated craniofacial muscles, sensory and cognitive functions are spared or less affected. The muscle weakness is associated with altered muscle membrane properties and a preferential loss of the motor protein myosin and myosin-associated thick filament proteins. Prolonged mechanical ventilation, muscle unloading, postsynaptic block of neuromuscular transmission, sepsis and systemic corticosteroid hormone treatment have been suggested as important triggering factors in AQM. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005091 biolink:NamedThing severe acute respiratory syndrome A viral respiratory infection caused by the SARS coronavirus. It is transmitted through close person-to-person contact. It is manifested with high fever, headache, dry cough and myalgias. It may progress to pneumonia and cause death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005174 biolink:NamedThing acute hypotension Acute form of hypotension (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005542 biolink:NamedThing acute coronary syndrome Signs and symptoms related to acute ischemia of the myocardium secondary to coronary artery disease. The clinical presentation covers a spectrum of heart diseases from unstable angina to myocardial infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005632 biolink:NamedThing acute chest syndrome A vaso-occlusive crisis of the pulmonary vasculature occurring in patients with sickle cell disease. It is characterized by the presence of a new radiodensity on a chest radiograph accompanied by fever, cough, sputum production, dyspnea, or hypoxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006515 biolink:NamedThing acute pancreatitis An acute inflammatory process that leads to necrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma. Signs and symptoms include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and shock. Causes include alcohol consumption, presence of gallstones, trauma, and drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006638 biolink:NamedThing acute retinal necrosis syndrome Mild to fulminant necrotizing vaso-occlusive retinitis associated with a high incidence of retinal detachment and poor vision outcome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006981 biolink:NamedThing subacute bacterial endocarditis Subacute inflammation of the endocardium. Streptococcus viridans is the usual etiologic agent of subacute bacterial endocarditis. The distinction between "acute" and "subacute" endocarditis has traditionally been made based on the pathogenic organism and clinical presentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008069 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, subacute, of Leigh, adult DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008294 biolink:NamedThing acute intermittent porphyria Acute intermittent porphyria is the most frequent and the most severe form of the acute hepatic porphyrias. It is characterized by the occurrence of neuro-visceral attacks without cutaneous manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009929 biolink:NamedThing neonatal acute respiratory distress due to SP-B deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009992 biolink:NamedThing myoglobinuria, acute recurrent, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010643 biolink:NamedThing acute leukemia A clonal (malignant) hematopoietic disorder with an acute onset, affecting the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. The malignant cells show minimal differentiation and are called blasts, either myeloid blasts (myeloblasts) or lymphoid blasts (lymphoblasts). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013111 biolink:NamedThing acute infantile liver failure due to synthesis defect of mtDNA-encoded proteins Acute infantile liver failure due to mtDNA-encoded proteins synthesis defect is a very rare mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency described in fewer than 10 infants, primarily of middle Eastern descent, and characterized clinically by transient but life-threatening liver failure with elevated liver enzymes, jaundice, vomiting, coagulopathy, hyperbilirubinemia, and lactic acidemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015342 biolink:NamedThing acute transverse myelitis Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the spinal cord that can be either idiopathic (IATM) or secondary to a known cause (SATM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015573 biolink:NamedThing subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) is a form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) that can present either as a non-scarring, annular photo-distributed dermatosis or psoriasiform plaques. SCLE is associated with anti-Ro/SSA antibodies and can be drug-induced. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015796 biolink:NamedThing acute lung injury A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (pulmonary edema) rich in neutrophils, and in the absence of clinical heart failure. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016102 biolink:NamedThing subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy A subacute progressive symmetric sensorial and/or motor disorder characterized by muscular weakness with impaired sensation, absent or diminished tendon reflexes and elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins. SIDP is an intermediate form between Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016429 biolink:NamedThing Marburg acute multiple sclerosis Marburg acute multiple sclerosis is a rare variant of multiple sclerosis characterized by a rapidly progressive, aggressive form of multiple sclerosis with numerous large multifocal demyelinating lesions in deep white matter on cerebral MRI that usually leads to severe disability or death within weeks to months without remission. A relapsing form of multiple sclerosis is observed in surviving patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016498 biolink:NamedThing acute pure sensory neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016499 biolink:NamedThing acute pandysautonomia Acute pandysautonomia is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome characterized by acute post-ganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic failure presenting several weeks after acute infection with gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, gastroparesis, ileus), orthostatic hypotension, erectile dysfunction, urinary frequency, urgency or retention, vasomotor instability with acrocyanosis and reduced salivation, lacrimation and sweating. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016500 biolink:NamedThing acute sensory ataxic neuropathy Acute sensory ataxic neuropathy is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome characterized by acute onset monophasic sensory neuropathy with diminished or absent tendon reflexes, loss of proprioception, positive Romberg sign and nerve conduction features of demyelination. It presents several weeks after acute infection with paresthesias, ataxia and neuropathic pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016573 biolink:NamedThing acute fatty liver of pregnancy Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is a rare but severe complication occurring in the third trimester of pregnancy or in early postpartum period bearing a risk for perinatal and maternal mortality and characterized by jaundice, rise of hepatic injuries and evolving to acute liver failure and encephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016600 biolink:NamedThing acute neonatal citrullinemia type I Acute neonatal citrullinemia type I is a severe form of citrullinemia type 1 characterized biologically by hyperammonemia and clinically by progressive lethargy, poor feeding and vomiting, seizures and possible loss of consciousness, within one to a few days of birth, with variable signs of increased intracranial pressure. The condition can lead to significant neurologic deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017202 biolink:NamedThing acute endophthalmitis Acute form of endophthalmitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017298 biolink:NamedThing acute zonal occult outer retinopathy Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is a rare condition that affects the eyes. People with this condition may experience a sudden onset of photopsia (the presence of perceived flashes of light) and an area of partial vision loss (a blindspot). Other symptoms may include 'whitening of vision' or blurred vision. Although anyone can be affected, the condition is most commonly diagnosed in young women (average age 36.7 years). The underlying cause of AZOOR is currently unknown; however, some researchers have proposed that infectious agents (such as viruses) or autoimmunity may play a role in the development of the condition. No treatment has been proven to improve the visual outcome of AZOOR; however, systemic corticosteroids are the most commonly used therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017299 biolink:NamedThing acute annular outer retinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017373 biolink:NamedThing poliomyelitis An acute infectious disorder that affects the nervous system. It is caused by the poliovirus. The virus spreads by direct contact, and can be prevented by prophylaxis with the polio vaccine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017384 biolink:NamedThing acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis A widespread acute rash characterized by fever and multiple small pustules on a reddish background. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018173 biolink:NamedThing acute opioid poisoning Acute opioid poisoning is a rare intoxication with opioids, a large group of alkaloid analgesics, mainly characterized by miosis (pinpoint pupil), respiratory depression (bradypnea/apnea) and central nervous system depression (sedation or coma). Other manifestations include hypotension, reduced bowel motility, hypothermia and hypoglycemia. Naloxone, a competitive inhibitor of the mu-opioid receptor, is a potent antagonist and is used as the antidote for opioid intoxication. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018198 biolink:NamedThing acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is a rare childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome associated with infection and characterized by a biphasic clinical course. The initial symptom is a prolonged febrile seizure on day 1 (the first phase). Afterwards, patients have variable levels of consciousness from normal to coma. Irrespective of the consciousness levels, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the first 2 days shows no abnormality. During the second phase (usually days 4 - 6), patients show a cluster of seizures and deterioration of consciousness. Diffusion-weighted images (DWI) on MRI reveal the brain lesions with reduced diffusion predominantly in the subcortical white matter. After the second acute phase, consciousness levels improve with the emerging focal neurological signs. Neurological outcomes of AESD vary from normal to mild or severe sequelae including cerebral atrophy, mental retardation, paralysis and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018547 biolink:NamedThing acute tricyclic antidepressant poisoning Acute tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) poisoning is a potentially lethal intoxication that is characterized by life-threatening arrhythmias (sinus tachycardias, premature ventricular contractions, ventricular arrhythmias), anticholinergic toxidrome (mydriasis, dry mucous membrane, tachycardia, hypertension), central nervous system toxicity (lethargy, coma, myoclonic jerks), refractory hypotension, and sudden death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018548 biolink:NamedThing acute poisoning by drugs with membrane-stabilizing effect Acute poisoning with a membrane-stabilizing effect is potentially life-threatening. The principle drugs involved are tricyclic antidepressants, chloroquine, some types of beta blockers, class IA antiarrhythmics, carbamazepin and cocaine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018989 biolink:NamedThing recurrent acute pancreatitis Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) is characterized by repeated attacks of acute pancreatitis (AP), which is defined as an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of other regional tissues or remote organ systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019074 biolink:NamedThing bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris Bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris (BADI) is characterized by acute onset of bilateral iris depigmentation, pigment dispersion in the anterior chamber, and heavy pigment deposition in the anterior chamber angle. Patients typically present with acute and usually severe photophobia, blurred vision, red eye, and ocular discomfort or pain with a usually self-limiting clinical course. Cases often occur after a flu-like illness, upper respiratory tract infection, and after the use of oral moxifloxacin. When associated with iris epithelial depigmentation, iris transillumination defects and atonic/mydriatic pupil, the condition is referred to as bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT) which has an increased risk of severe intractable rise in intraocular pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019122 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia Idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia (IAEP) is an eosinophilic pneumonia of undetermined etiology that is characterized by acute febrile hypoxic respiratory failure associated with diffuse radiographic infiltrates and pulmonary eosinophilia, but without concurring allergy or infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019140 biolink:NamedThing acute ackee fruit intoxication Acute ackee fruit intoxication (also referred to as Jamaican vomiting syndrome or sickness) is caused by the ingestion of unripe Blighia sapida fruits. It is a serious intoxication that is frequent in certain countries in the Caribbean and Western Africa. In contrast, it is rare in France and other Western countries. Intoxication leads to toxic hypoglycaemia and inhibition of neoglucogenesis. The hypoglycaemia is caused by the effect of hypoglycin A, which is found in the arils. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019203 biolink:NamedThing acute interstitial pneumonia Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), also referred to as Hamman-Rich syndrome, is a rapidly progressive and histologically distinct form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019542 biolink:NamedThing acute liver failure Rapid deterioration of liver function causing encephalopathy and coagulopathy. It results from damage to the liver parenchyma usually secondary to acetaminophen overdose or viral infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019801 biolink:NamedThing acute adrenal insufficiency Acute adrenal insufficiency (AAI) is a rare but severe condition caused by a sudden defective production of adrenal steroids (cortisol and aldosterone). It represents an emergency, thus the rapid recognition and prompt therapy are critical for survival even before the diagnosis is made. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019956 biolink:NamedThing encephalitis An acute inflammatory process affecting the brain parenchyma. Causes include viral infections and less frequently bacterial infections, toxins, and immune-mediated processes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020347 biolink:NamedThing acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy An inflammatory neuropathy belonging to the clinical spectrum of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020348 biolink:NamedThing acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy Acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) is a motor-sensory, axonal form of Guillain-BarrC) syndrome (GBS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020349 biolink:NamedThing acute motor axonal neuropathy Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) is a pure motor axonal form of Guillain-BarrC) syndrome (GBS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020546 biolink:NamedThing acute graft versus host disease A syndrome of immunologically mediated tissue damage that may occur following an allogeneic transplant, usually affecting the skin, liver, and GI tract. The onset is usually within one hundred days of transplantation or immunologic manipulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020600 biolink:NamedThing acute pharyngitis An acute and painful inflammatory process that affects the pharynx. It is usually caused by viruses and less often bacteria. Signs and symptoms include discomfort on swallowing, low-grade fever, headache, and earache. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020677 biolink:NamedThing sudden hearing loss disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020680 biolink:NamedThing acute bronchiolitis Acute inflammation of the bronchioles usually caused by the respiratory syncytial virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020686 biolink:NamedThing acute tonsillitis An acute inflammation of the tonsils caused by viruses or bacteria. Signs and symptoms include fever, enlargement of the tonsils, difficulty swallowing, and enlargement of the regional lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021777 biolink:NamedThing acute rheumatic heart disease Pancarditis, involving inflammation of the endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium. It results from an autoimmune reaction following an infection with Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococci). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021808 biolink:NamedThing acute cholinergic dysautonomia A primary dysautonomia characterized by hypohidrosis and selective parasympathetic peripheral autonomic nerve disturbances of acute onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021811 biolink:NamedThing acute mountain sickness Acute mountain sickness is characterized by altitude sickness that affects otherwise healthy persons, develops within hours after arriving at altitude, and results in functional impairment from symptoms that may include headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022380 biolink:NamedThing acute lymphoblastic leukemia congenital sporadic aniridia A disease characterized by acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the presence of congenital sporadic aniridia, the absence of an iris, where neither parent has aniridia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024250 biolink:NamedThing acute lichenoid pityriasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033938 biolink:NamedThing acute radiation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035444 biolink:NamedThing acute mast cell leukemia A rare systemic mastocytosis characterized by the presence of at least 20% usually immature and atypical mast cells in bone marrow aspirate smears. In classic mast cell leukemia, mast cells account for at least 10% of peripheral white blood cells, although the aleukemic variant with less than 10% mast cells is more common. C-findings (cytopenias, hepatomegaly, ascites, portal hypertension, splenomegaly, skeletal lesions, malabsorption), indicative of organ damage due to mast cell infiltration, are usually present at diagnosis, while skin lesions are absent in most cases. Prognosis is generally poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040698 biolink:NamedThing subacute bursitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041295 biolink:NamedThing acute papillary necrosis Acute form of kidney papillary necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043079 biolink:NamedThing acute articular rheumatism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043089 biolink:NamedThing acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) is an acquired, inflammatory eye condition affecting the retina, retinal pigment epithelium (pigmented layer of the retina), and choroid. It usually affects both eyes and is characterized by multiple, yellow-white lesions in the back of the eye. The condition can significantly impair visual acuity if the macula is involved. APMPPE typically resolves on its own in weeks to months. While the cause is unknown, about a third of cases appear to develop after a flu-like illness. Non-ocular symptoms are uncommon, but cerebral vasculitis can be present and may cause permanent and/or severe neurological complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044213 biolink:NamedThing acute idiopathic urticaria Acute form of idiopathic urticaria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044627 biolink:NamedThing acute macular neuroretinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100115 biolink:NamedThing acute flaccid myelitis An acute onset of focal limb weakness that is associated mainly with gray matter abnormalities or CSF pleocytosis, but which is without an apparent cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100370 biolink:NamedThing acute hepatitis B virus infection A new infection by the hepatitis B virus, which can be transmitted by direct contact of infected blood with mucous membranes or open areas of the skin. Signs and symptoms may include loss of appetite, joint and muscle pain, low-grade fever and stomach pain. Two to six percent of adults progress to a chronic infection, while 90% of infants become chronically ill. A vaccine is available for those at risk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100371 biolink:NamedThing acute hepatitis C virus infection A new infection by the hepatitis C virus, which can be detected in blood. Signs and symptoms may include right upper quadrant abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, white stools and nausea. Approximately 15%-25% individuals clear the virus from their bodies without treatment. 75%-85% individuals develop chronic hepatitis C. There are possible treatments depending on individual characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0500018 biolink:NamedThing acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia A rare pulmonary disease with histological pattern of interstitial pneumonitis characterized by the deposit of intra-alveolar fibrin and diffuse organizing pneumonia within the alveolar ducts and bronchioles, with large etiological spectra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021669 biolink:NamedThing post-infectious disorder A disorder that follows infection but is distinct from the infection itself and its usual manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001771 biolink:NamedThing infective urethral stricture DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002812 biolink:NamedThing infectious otitis interna Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the inner ear secondary to an infectious process. Symptoms include severe vertigo, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, and pain. Viral etiology is most common, and recent history of an upper respiratory infection is common. In rare cases an infection of the middle ear can spread to the inner ear, resulting in a bacterial or fungal etiology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004795 biolink:NamedThing otitis externa Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the outer ear and ear canal secondary to an infectious process. Bacterial etiology is most common, but fungal infection is also possible. Symptoms include erythema, edema, and pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005491 biolink:NamedThing Chagas cardiomyopathy A disease of the cardiac muscle developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by trypanosoma cruzi. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as myocarditis (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced chagas disease include conduction defects (heart block) and cardiomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018837 biolink:NamedThing postinfectious vasculitis Vasculitis, characterized by inflammatory lesions in the wall of vessels, may be due to different viruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020068 biolink:NamedThing postinfectious encephalitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021670 biolink:NamedThing post-infectious syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021673 biolink:NamedThing post-bacterial disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021674 biolink:NamedThing post-viral disorder A post-infectious disorder that follows viral infection but is distinct from the viral infection itself and its usual manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034103 biolink:NamedThing infection-related hemolytic uremic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000167 biolink:NamedThing Huntington disease and related disorders A grouping for Huntington disease and similar diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001383 biolink:NamedThing degenerative myopia Excessive axial myopia associated with complications (especially posterior staphyloma and choroidal neovascularization) that can lead to blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001734 biolink:NamedThing tuberous sclerosis Hereditary disease characterized by seizures, mental retardation, developmental delay, and skin and ocular lesions. First signs usually occur during infancy or childhood but in rare cases may not occur until 2nd or 3rd decade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003122 biolink:NamedThing striatonigral degeneration A progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a disruption in the connection between the striatum and the substantia nigra. It is a type of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Signs and symptoms include rigidity, instability, impaired speech, and slow movements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004882 biolink:NamedThing angioid streaks of choroid A angioid streaks that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008023 biolink:NamedThing muscular atrophy-ataxia-retinitis pigmentosa-diabetes mellitus syndrome This disorder is characterized by muscular atrophy, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetes mellitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008935 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome Cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the combination of progressive cerebellar ataxia with onset from early childhood to the fourth decade, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (delayed puberty and lack of secondary sex characteristics). Cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome belongs to a clinical continuum of neurodegenerative disorders along with clinically overlapping disorders such as ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008945 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia A condition marked by progressive cerebellar ataxia combined with myoclonus usually presenting in the third decade of life or later. Additional clinical features may include generalized and focal seizures, spasticity, and dyskinesias. Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant patterns of inheritance have been reported. Pathologically, the dentate nucleus and brachium conjunctivum of the cerebellum are atrophic, with variable involvement of the spinal cord, cerebellar cortex, and basal ganglia. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37, pp60-1) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009585 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy due to beta-mercaptolactate-cysteine disulfiduria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009841 biolink:NamedThing PEHO syndrome PEHO (Progressive encephalopathy with Edema, Hypsarrhythmia and Optic atrophy) syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of infantile progressive encephalopathies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010578 biolink:NamedThing deafness dystonia syndrome An X-linked recessive neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by clinical manifestations commencing with early childhood onset hearing loss, followed by adolescent onset progressive dystonia or ataxia, visual impairment from early adulthood onwards and dementia from the 4th decade onwards. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011327 biolink:NamedThing neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a very rare multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in neuronal and glial cells, and neuronal loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011457 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the MRE11A gene, encoding double-strand break repair protein MRE11. It is characterized by progressive cerebellar degeneration resulting in ataxia and oculomotor apraxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011557 biolink:NamedThing radiation sensitivity/chromosome instability syndrome, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012638 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia-brain atrophy syndrome Microphthalmia-brain atrophy (MOBA) syndrome is a rare genetic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by congenital microphthalmia, sunken eyes, blindness, microcephaly, severe intellectual disability, progressive spasticity, and seizures. Psychomotor development is normal in the first 6-8 months of life and thereafter declines rapidly and continuously. Brain MRI reveals progressive and extensive degenerative changes, especially cortex, cerebellum, brainstem, and corpus callosum atrophy, with complete loss of cerebral white matter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013110 biolink:NamedThing neurodegenerative syndrome due to cerebral folate transport deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013584 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory neuropathy-deafness-dementia syndrome A hereditary sensory neuropathy characterized by adult onset of progressive peripheral sensory loss, progressive hearing impairment, and early-onset dementia that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the DNMT1 gene on chromosome 19p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013802 biolink:NamedThing infantile cerebellar-retinal degeneration Infantile cerebellar retinal degeneration (ICRD) is a genetic condition present from birth (congenital) that involves the brain and eyes. Individuals with this condition usually develop symptoms around six months of age including developmental delays, low muscle tone (hypotonia), and seizures. Other symptoms may include head bobbing, abnormal muscle twitching and movement, and loss of brain cells in the main part of the brain called the cerebellum. Eye findings in individuals with this condition may include retinal degeneration (weakening of the layer of tissue in the back of the eye that senses light), strabismus (crossed eyes), and nystagmus (fast, uncontrollable movements of the eyes). ICRD is caused by mutations in the ACO2 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. While there is still no cure for this condition, treatment options will depend on the type and severity of symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014402 biolink:NamedThing severe neurodegenerative syndrome with lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014719 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 35 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014960 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, progressive, early-onset, with brain edema and/or leukoencephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015003 biolink:NamedThing dystonia, childhood-onset, with optic atrophy and basal ganglia abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015140 biolink:NamedThing early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease A progressive dementia with reduction of cognitive functions. It presents the same phenotype as sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) but has an early age of onset, usually before 60 years old. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017161 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease Frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease (FTD-MND) is a type of frontotemporal lobar degeneration characterized by the insidious onset (between the ages of 38-78 years) of dementia-associated psychiatric symptoms (e.g. personality changes, uninhibited behavior, irritability, aggressiveness), memory difficulties, global intellectual impairment, emotional disorders and transcortical motor aphasia that eventually leads to mutism, in addition to the manifestations of motor neuron disease such as neurogenic muscular wasting (similar to what is seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). The disease is progressive, with death occurring 2-5 years after onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017234 biolink:NamedThing inherited prion disease An instance of prion disease that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017276 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) comprises a group of neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by progressive changes in behavior, executive dysfunction and language impairment, as a result of degeneration of the medial prefrontal and frontoinsular cortices. Four clinical subtypes have been identified: semantic dementia, progressive non-fluent aphasia, behavioral variant FTD and right temporal lobar atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017720 biolink:NamedThing GM2 gangliosidosis A group of recessively inherited diseases characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2) ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018307 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA, formerly Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome) encompasses a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction (dystonia, rigidity, choreoathetosis), iron accumulation in the brain and the presence of axonal spheroids, usually limited to the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018316 biolink:NamedThing fatal post-viral neurodegenerative disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018475 biolink:NamedThing PRKAR1B-related neurodegenerative dementia with intermediate filaments DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018591 biolink:NamedThing ITM2B amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018656 biolink:NamedThing tremor-ataxia-central hypomyelination syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018696 biolink:NamedThing corticobasal syndrome Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by multifaceted motor system dysfunctions and cognitive defects such as asymmetric rigidity, bradykinesia, limb apraxia, and visuospatial dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018705 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset axonal motor and sensory neuropathy-optic atrophy-neurodegenerative syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018820 biolink:NamedThing recurrent metabolic encephalomyopathic crises-rhabdomyolysis-cardiac arrhythmia-intellectual disability syndrome Recurrent metabolic encephalomyopathic crises-rhabdomyolysis-cardiac arrhythmia-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurodegenerative disease characterized by episodic metabolic encephalomyopathic crises (of variable frequency and severity which are frequently precipitated by an acute illness) which manifest with profound muscle weakness, ataxia, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, elevated plasma creatine kinase, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, increased acylcarnitines and a disorientated or comatose state. Global developmental delay, intellectual disability and cortical, pyramidal and cerebellar signs develop with subsequent progressive neurodegeneration causing loss of expressive language and varying degrees of cerebral atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018899 biolink:NamedThing posterior cortical atrophy Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA) is a rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a typical onset between 50-65 years of age characterized by progressive impairment of higher visual processing skills and other posterior cortical functions without any evidence of ocular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019046 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy Leukodystrophies are a group of rare, progressive, metabolic, genetic diseases that affect the brain, spinal cord and often the peripheral nerves. Each type of leukodystrophy is caused by a specific gene abnormality that leads to abnormal development or destruction of the white matter (myelin sheath) of the brain. The myelin sheath is the protective covering of the nerve and nerves can't function normally without it. Each type of leukodystrophy affects a different part of the myelin sheath, leading to a range of neurological problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019064 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) comprise a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive spasticity and hyperreflexia of the lower limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019405 biolink:NamedThing facial onset sensory and motor neuronopathy Facial onset sensory and motor neuronopathy is characterised initially by paraesthesia and numbness in the region of the trigeminal nerve distribution, which later progresses to involve the scalp, neck, upper trunk and upper limbs. Onset of motor manifestations occurs later with cramps, fasciculations, dysphagia, dysarthria, muscle weakness and atrophy. This syndrome has been described in four males and appears to be a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019427 biolink:NamedThing X-linked neurodegenerative syndrome, Bertini type X-linked neurodegenerative syndrome, Bertini type is characterised by generalised hypotonia, psychomotor deficit, congenital ataxia and recurrent bronchopulmonary infections. It has been described in seven males from three generations of a family. Five of them died during the first years of life and the remaining patients developed myoclonic encephalopathy and macular degeneration. The locus has been mapped to Xp22.33-pter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019429 biolink:NamedThing X-linked neurodegenerative syndrome, Hamel type An X-linked neurodegenerative disorder characterised by intellectual deficit, blindness, convulsions, spasticity, mild hypomyelination and early death. It has been described in about ten male members from two generations of one family. The genetic defect responsible for the disorder is located in the pericentromeric region of the X chromosome, Xp11.3-q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020248 biolink:NamedThing vitreoretinal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020380 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by a slowly progressive ataxia of gait, stance and limbs, dysarthria and/or oculomotor disorder, due to cerebellar degeneration in the absence of coexisting diseases. The degenerative process can be limited to the cerebellum (ADCA type 3) or may additionally involve the retina (ADCA type 2), optic nerve, ponto-medullary systems, basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, spinal tracts or peripheral nerves (ADCA type 1). In ACDA type 4, a cerebellar syndrome is associated with epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022025 biolink:NamedThing boylan dew greco syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030923 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043878 biolink:NamedThing hereditary optic atrophy A family of inherited disorders characterized by progressive loss of vision secondary to death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044726 biolink:NamedThing psychomotor regression-oculomotor apraxia-movement disorder-nephropathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000169 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, isolated, with cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000170 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, isolated, with coloboma A developmental disorder of the eye characterized by unilateral or bilateral microphthalmia associated with ocular coloboma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005514 biolink:NamedThing nanophthalmia Nanophthalmia is a severe form of microphthalmia characterized by a small eye with a short axial length, severe hyperopia, an elevated lens/eye ratio, and a high incidence of angle-closure glaucoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009631 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 1 A microphthalmia that has material basis in variation in the chromosomal region 14q32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012409 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 2 Any isolated microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VSX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012604 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 3 Any isolated microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012605 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 5 Any isolated microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MFRP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013130 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 4 Any isolated microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013293 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 6 Any isolated microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRSS56 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013377 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 7 Any isolated microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014050 biolink:NamedThing isolated microphthalmia 8 Any isolated microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALDH1A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001476 biolink:NamedThing coloboma An abnormality in which a part of a structure in one or both eyes is missing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007350 biolink:NamedThing coloboma, ocular, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007351 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of macula Coloboma of macula is a rare, non-syndromic developmental defect of the eye characterized by well-circumscribed, oval or rounded, usually unilateral, atrophic lesions of varying size presenting rudimentary or absent retina, choroid and sclera located at the macula leading to decreased vision and, on occasion, other symptoms (e.g. strabismus). It is usually isolated, but may also be associated with Down syndrome, skeletal or renal disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009002 biolink:NamedThing coloboma, ocular, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020355 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of eye lens DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020357 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of eyelid A congenital abnormality in which a part of the upper or lower eyelid tissue is missing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021856 biolink:NamedThing Alsing syndrome An autosomal recessive, oculo-reno-skeletal syndrome characterized by bilateral atypical macular coloboma, familial juvenile nephronophthisis and mesomelic skeletal dysplasia of upper limbs with bilateral radiohumeral fusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022060 biolink:NamedThing calloso-genital dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016764 biolink:NamedThing isolated anophthalmia-microphthalmia syndrome Anophthalmia and microphthalmia describe, respectively, the absence of an eye and the presence of a small eye within the orbit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007995 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, isolated, with cataract 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000171 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000179 biolink:NamedThing Neu-Laxova syndrome Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) is a rare, multiple malformation syndrome characterised by severe intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), severe microcephaly with a sloping forehead, severe ichthyosis (collodion baby type), and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007906 biolink:NamedThing familial partial lipodystrophy, Dunnigan type Familial Partial lipodystrophy, Dunnigan type (FPLD2) is a rare form of genetic lipodystrophy characterized by a loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue from the trunk, buttocks and limbs; fat accumulation in the neck, face, axillary and pelvic regions; muscular hypertrophy; and usually associated with metabolic complications such as insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and liver steatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008272 biolink:NamedThing polysyndactyly 4 Polysyndactyly or PPD4 is a form of preaxial polydactyly of fingers, a limb malformation syndrome, characterized by the presence of a thumb showing the mildest degree of duplication, being broad, bifid or with radially deviated distal phalanx. Syndactyly of various degrees of third-and-fourth fingers is occasionally present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008725 biolink:NamedThing congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia due to STAR deficency Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH) is one of the most severe forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) characterized by severe adrenal insufficiency and sex reversal in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008727 biolink:NamedThing congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency is a very rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) encompassing salt-wasting and non-salt wasting forms with a wide variety of symptoms, including glucocorticoid deficiency and male undervirilization manifesting as a micropenis to severe perineoscrotal hypospadias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008728 biolink:NamedThing classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency The most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), characterized by simple virilizing or salt wasting forms that can manifest with genital ambiguity in females and with adrenal insufficiency (in both sexes), and that presents with dehydration, hypoglycemia in the neonatal period (that can be lethal if untreated), and hyperandrogenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008729 biolink:NamedThing congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11 beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) deficiency is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) characterized by glucocorticoid deficiency, hyperandrogenism, hypertension and virilization in females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008730 biolink:NamedThing congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency A very rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) characterized by glucocorticoid deficiency, hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and severe hypokalemic hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008908 biolink:NamedThing MGAT2-congenital disorder of glycosylation MGAT2-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by facial dysmorphism (large, posteriorly rotated ears with prominent antihelices, convex nasal ridge, open mouth, large and crowded teeth), stereotypic hand movements, seizures, and varying degrees of developmental delay. A bleeding tendency is also observed and this results from diminished platelet aggregation. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene MGAT2 (14q21). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009053 biolink:NamedThing ALDH18A1-related de Barsy syndrome ALDH18A1-related De Barsy syndrome combines intellectual deficit, bilateral cataracts, and skin and joint hyperlaxity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009352 biolink:NamedThing classic homocystinuria Classical homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase (CbS) deficiency is characterized by the multiple involvement of the eye, skeleton, central nervous system, and vascular system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009480 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome with oculorenal defect Joubert syndrome with oculorenal defect is a rare subtype of Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) characterized by the neurological features of JS associated with both renal and ocular disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009856 biolink:NamedThing Peters plus syndrome An autosomal recessively inherited syndromic developmental defect of the eye characterized by a variable phenotype including Peters anomaly and other anterior chamber eye anomalies, short limbs, limb abnormalities (i.e. rhizomelia and brachydactyly), characteristic facial features (upper lip with cupid bow, short palpebral fissures), cleft lip/palate, and mild to severe developmental delay/intellectual disability. Other associated abnormalities reported in some patients include congenital heart defects (i.e. hypoplastic left heart, absence of right pulmonary vein, bicuspid pulmonary valve), genitourinary anomalies (hydronephrosis, renal hypoplasia, renal and ureteral duplication, multicystic dysplastic kidneys, glomerulocystic kidneys) and congenital hypothyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009923 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of sex development due to 5-alpha-reductase 2 deficiency A rare disorder of sex development (DSD) due to a defect in metabolizing testosterone to dihydrotestosterone and characterized by incomplete intrauterine masculinization which ranges from a female genitalia with a blind vaginal pouch to a fully male phenotype with pseudovaginal posterior hypospadias and micropenis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010026 biolink:NamedThing SHORT syndrome SHORT syndrome is a rare inherited condition of multiple anomalies whose name stands for short stature, hyperextensibility of joints, ocular depression, Rieger anomaly and teething delay which, along with mild intrauterine growth restriction, partial lipodystrophy, delayed bone age, hernias and progeroid appearance, are manifestations of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010088 biolink:NamedThing mucosulfatidosis Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is a very rare and fatal lysosomal storage disease characterized by a clinical phenotype that combines the features of different sulfatase deficiencies (whether lysosomal or not) that can have neonatal (most severe), infantile (most common) and juvenile (rare) presentations with manifestations including hypotonia, coarse facial features, mild deafness, skeletal anomalies, ichthyosis, hepatomegaly, developmental delay, progressive neurologic deterioration and hydrocephalus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010221 biolink:NamedThing CHIME syndrome CHIME syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by ocular colobomas, cardiac defects, ichthyosiform dermatosis, intellectual disability, conductive hearing loss and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010466 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome 2 Any multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome-intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIGA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010478 biolink:NamedThing SLC35A2-congenital disorder of glycosylation SLC35A2-CDG is a congenital disorder of glycosylation characterized by severe or profound global developmental delay, early epileptic encephalopathy, muscular hypotonia, dysmorphic features (coarse facies, thick eyebrows, broad nasal bridge, thick lips, inverted nipples), variable ocular defects and brain morphological abnormalities on brain MRI (cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010490 biolink:NamedThing SSR4-congenital disorder of glycosylation A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by neurologic abnormalities (global developmental delay in language, social skills and fine and gross motor development, intellectual disability, hypotonia, microcephaly, seizures/epilepsy), facial dysmorphism (deep set eyes, large ears, hypoplastic vermillion of upper lip, large mouth with widely spaced teeth), feeding problems often due to chewing difficulties and aversion to food with certain textures, failure to thrive, gastrointestinal abnormalities (reflux or vomiting) and strabismus. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene SSR4(Xq28). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010572 biolink:NamedThing occipital horn syndrome Occipital horn syndrome (OHS) is a mild form of Menkes disease (MD), a syndrome characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and connective tissue disorders due to a copper transport defect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011142 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, musculocontractural type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, musculocontractural type is a congenital form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by distinct craniofacial features, multiple contractures, progressive joint and skin laxity, adduction-flexion contractures of the thumbs, talipes equinovarus, bruisability and multisystem fragility-related manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011976 biolink:NamedThing lipodystrophy-intellectual disability-deafness syndrome Lipodystrophy-intellectual disability-deafness syndrome is an extremely rare form of genetic lipodystrophy, reported in 3 patients from one family to date, characterized by generalized congenital lipodystrophy, low birth weight, progressive sensorineural deafness occurring in childhood, intellectual deficit, progressive osteopenia, delayed skeletal maturation, skeletal abnormalities described as slender, undermineralized tubular bones, and dense metaphyseal striations in the distal femur, ulna and radius of older patients. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012104 biolink:NamedThing acquired partial lipodystrophy A lipodystrophy characterised by the association of lipoatrophy of the upper part of the body and lipohypertrophy of the thighs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012118 biolink:NamedThing COG7-congenital disorder of glycosylation COG7-CDG is a congenital disorder of glycosylation characterised by dysmorphism, skeletal dysplasia, hypotonia, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, cardiac insufficiency, recurrent infections and epilepsy. To date, it has been described in two infants, both of whom died within the first three months of life. The syndrome is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding COG-7 (chromosome 16), a subunit of the oligomeric Golgi complex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012192 biolink:NamedThing permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus-pancreatic and cerebellar agenesis syndrome Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus-pancreatic and cerebellar agenesis syndrome is characterized by neonatal diabetes mellitus associated with cerebellar and/or pancreatic agenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012783 biolink:NamedThing RFT1-congenital disorder of glycosylation RFT1-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by poorly coordinated suck resulting in difficulty feeding and failure to thrive; myoclonic jerks with hypotonia and brisk reflexes progressing to a seizure disorder; roving eyes; developmental delay; poor to absent visual contact; and sensorineural hearing loss. Additional features that may be observed include coagulation factor abnormalities, inverted nipples and microcephaly. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene RFT1 (3p21.1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013118 biolink:NamedThing Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by growth retardation, short stature, developmental delay, intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism (i.e. severe microcephaly, sloping forehead, prominent eyes, broad nasal ridge, hypoplastic nasal septum, epicanthal folds), spontaneous chromosomal instability, cellular hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation and radioresistant DNA synthesis, without severe infections, immunodeficiency or cancer predisposition. Additional reported features include mild spasticity, slight and nonprogressive ataxia, hyperopia, multiple pigmented nevi, widely spaced nipples, and clinodactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013310 biolink:NamedThing congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency is a unique form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) characterized by glucocorticoid deficiency, severe sexual ambiguity in both sexes and skeletal (especially craniofacial) malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013563 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome 1 Any multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome-intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIGN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014201 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014248 biolink:NamedThing autism spectrum disorder - epilepsy - arthrogryposis syndrome SLC35A3-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by distal arthrogryposis (mild flexion contractures of the fingers, deviation of the distal phalanges, swan-neck deformity), retromicrognathia, general muscle hypotonia, delayed psychomotor development, autism spectrum disorder (speech delay, abnormal use of speech, difficulties in initiating, understanding and maintaining social interaction, limited non-verbal communication and repetitive behavior), seizures, microcephaly and mild to moderate intellectual disability that becomes apparent with age. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene SLC35A3 (1p21). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014371 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 23 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014399 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014421 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014706 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa, autosomal dominant 3 An autosomal dominant cutis laxa characterized by thin skin with visible veins and wrinkles, cataract or corneal clouding, clenched fingers, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, moderate intellectual disability, and a combination of muscle hypotonia with brisk muscle reflexes that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the ALDH18A1 gene on chromosome 10q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014881 biolink:NamedThing transketolase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015012 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis-like syndrome with congenital heart defects and hematopoietic disorders DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016354 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum-Cockayne syndrome complex Xeroderma pigmentosum/Cockayne syndrome complex (XP/CS complex) is characterized by the cutaneous features of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) together with the systemic and neurological features of Cockayne syndrome (CS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016364 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome with ocular defect Joubert syndrome with ocular defect is, along with pure JS, the most frequent subtype of Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) characterized by the neurological features of JS associated with retinal dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016366 biolink:NamedThing maternal phenylketonuria Maternal phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare disorder of phenylalanine metabolism, an inborn error of amino acid metabolism, characterized by the development of microcephaly, growth retardation, congenital heart disease, facial dysmorphism and intellectual disability in nonphenylketonuric offspring of mothers with excess phenylalanine (Phe) concentrations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016396 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1 (PCH1), also known as Norman's disease, is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders with a prenatal onset characterized by diffuse muscular atrophy secondary to pontocerebellar hypoplasia and spinal cord anterior horn cell degeneration resulting in early death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016584 biolink:NamedThing mandibuloacral dysplasia Mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD) is a rare genetic bone disorder characterized by growth delay, postnatal development of craniofacial anomalies including mandibular hypoplasia, progressive acral osteolysis, mottled or patchy pigmentation, skin atrophy, and partial or generalized lipodystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017123 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis syndrome Arthrogryposis-Renal dysfunction-Cholestasis (ARC) syndrome is a multisystem disorder, characterized by neurogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, renal tubular dysfunction and neonatal cholestasis with low serum gamma-glutamyl transferase activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018247 biolink:NamedThing CADDS DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018273 biolink:NamedThing XYLT1-congenital disorder of glycosylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018292 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation-related bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018570 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatasia Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare heritable metabolic disorder characterized by defective mineralization of bone and/or teeth in the presence of reduced activity of unfractionated serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The clinical spectrum is extremely wide, from stillbirth at one end to fractures of the lower extremities in adulthood, at the other, or even no bone manifestations (odontohypophosphatasia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018939 biolink:NamedThing muscle-eye-brain disease A rare, congenital muscular dystrophy due to dystroglycanopathy characterized by early onset muscular dystrophy, severe muscular hypotonia, severe mental retardation and typical brain and eye malformations, including pachygyria, polymicrogyria, agyria, brainstem and cerebellar structural anomalies, severe myopia, glaucoma, optic nerve and retinal hypoplasia. Patients may present with seizures, macrocephaly or microcephaly, microphthalmia, and congenital contractures. Depending on the severity, limited motor function is acquired. Less severe cases have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019010 biolink:NamedThing congenital isolated hyperinsulinism Congenital isolated hyperinsulinism (CHI), a rare endocrine disease is the most frequent cause of severe and persistent hypoglycemia in the neonatal period and early infancy and is characterized by an excessive or uncontrolled insulin secretion (inappropriate for the level of glycemia) and recurrent episodes of profound hypoglycemia requiring rapid and intensive treatment to prevent neurological sequelae. CHI comprises 2 different forms: diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism and diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulinism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019154 biolink:NamedThing androgen insensitivity syndrome Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a disorder of sex development (DSD) characterized by the presence of female external genitalia, ambiguous genitalia or variable defects in virilization in a 46,XY individual with absent or partial responsiveness to age-appropriate levels of androgens. It comprises two clinical subgroups: complete AIS (CAIS) and partial AIS (PAIS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019240 biolink:NamedThing sterol biosynthesis disorder An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of sterol biosynthetic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019248 biolink:NamedThing mucolipidosis A group of inherited lysosomal storage diseases characterized by accumulation of lipids and carbohydrates in the tissues, resulting in mental disabilities and skeletal malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019249 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis A group of autosomal recessive or X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorders affecting the metabolism of mucopolysaccharides, resulting in the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the body. Signs and symptoms include organomegaly, mental retardation, abnormal skeletal development, heart disorders, hearing loss, and central nervous system deficiencies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019251 biolink:NamedThing oligosaccharidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019358 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy due to sulfite oxidase deficiency Encephalopathy due to sulfite oxidase deficiency is a rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by seizures, progressive encephalopathy and lens dislocation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019600 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV)-induced changes in the skin and eyes, and multiple skin cancers. It is subdivided into 8 complementation groups, according to the affected gene: classical XP (XPA to XPG) and XP variant (XPV). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019609 biolink:NamedThing Zellweger spectrum disorders The most severe variant seen in the peroxisome biogenesis disorders that is characterized by neuronal migration defects in the brain, dysmorphic craniofacial features, profound hypotonia, neonatal seizures, and liver dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019992 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoparathyroidism Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a heterogeneous group of endocrine disorders characterized by normal renal function and resistance to the action of parathyroid hormone (PTH), manifesting with hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH levels and that includes the subtypes PHP type 1a (PHP-1a), PHP type 1b (PHP-1b), PHP type 1c (PHP-1c), PHP type 2 (PHP-2) and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032808 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 77 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034106 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 73 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016156 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of FKRP DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011787 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I (LGMD2I) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy that presents a highly variable age of onset and phenotypic spectrum typically characterized by slowly progressive proximal weakness of the pelvic and shoulder girdle musculature (predominantly affecting the lower limbs), frequently associated with waddling gait, scapular winging, calf and tongue hypertrophy, exercise-induced myalgia, and myoglobinuria and/or elevated creatine kinase serum levels. Abdominal muscle weakness, cardiomyopathy, respiratory muscle involvement and various brain abnormalities have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016184 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of protein O-mannosyltransferase 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012248 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2K Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2K (LGMD2K) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by the onset of slowly progressive proximal muscle weakness during childhood (with fatigue and difficulty running and climbing stairs) and developmental delay. Mild intellectual deficit and microcephaly, without any obvious structural brain abnormality, are found in all patients. Mild pseudohypertrophy and joint contractures of the ankles have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016185 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of protein O-mannosyltransferase 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013162 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2N Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2N (LGMD2N) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by proximal weakness (manifesting as slowness in running) presenting in infancy, along with calf hypertrophy, mild lordosis, scapular winging and normal intelligence or mild intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017745 biolink:NamedThing disorder of O-mannosylglycan synthesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012699 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2M A form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by an infantile onset of hypotonia, axial and proximal lower limb weakness (with severe weakness noted after febrile illnesses), cardiomyopathy and normal or reduced intelligence. Hypertrophy of calves, thighs, and triceps have also been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013161 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2O Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2O (LGMD2O) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by an onset in childhood or adolescence of rapidly progressive proximal limb muscle weakness (particularly affecting the neck, hip girdle, and shoulder abductors), hypertrophy in the calves and quadriceps, ankle contractures, and myopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014142 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2T Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2T (LGMD2T) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, that can present from birth to early childhood, characterized by hypotonia, microcephaly, mild proximal muscle weakness (leading to delayed walking and difficulty climbing stairs), mild intellectual disability and epilepsy. Additional manifestations reported in some patients include cataracts, nystagmus, cardiomyopathy, and respiratory insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014474 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2U Any autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ISPD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014489 biolink:NamedThing limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to POMK deficiency Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to POMK deficiency is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy presenting in infancy with muscle weakness and delayed motor development (eventually learning to walk at 18 months of age) followed by progressive proximal weakness, pseudohypertrophy of calf muscles, mild facial weakness, and borderline intelligence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018277 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy with cerebellar involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018278 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy with intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018279 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy without intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018276 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013049 biolink:NamedThing DPM3-congenital disorder of glycosylation DPM3-CDG is an extremely rare form of CDG syndrome characterized clinically in the single reported case by muscle weakness, waddling gait and dilated cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014023 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy with intellectual disability and severe epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018280 biolink:NamedThing muscle-eye-brain disease with bilateral multicystic leucodystrophy Muscle-eye-brain (MEB) disease with bilateral multicystic leucodystrophy is a form of congenital muscular alpha-dystroglycanopathy with brain and eye anomaly characterized by severe muscle-eye-brain disease-like phenotype associated with macrocephaly and extended bilateral multicystic white matter disease, overlapping with the cerebral findings in patients with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018869 biolink:NamedThing cobblestone lissencephaly Cobblestone lissencephaly is a rare central nervous system malformation which includes a group of diseases that are characterized by a bumpy (or pebbled) appearance of the cerebral cortex, associated with a thickened cortex, reduction in normal sulcation, ventriculomegaly and reduced, abnormal white matter, as well as brainstem and cerebellum hypoplasia and corpus callosum agenesis. Patients generally present variable degrees of developmental delay, hypotonia and ocular abnomalities, however muscular and ocular involvement may be absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014077 biolink:NamedThing cobblestone lissencephaly without muscular or ocular involvement Cobblestone lissencephaly without muscular or ocular involvement is a form of cobblestone lissencephaly characterized by a constellation of brain malformations which can either exist alone or in conjunction with minimal muscular and ocular abnormalities. The clinical features of the disease include severe developmental delay, increased head circumference, hydrocephalus and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010269 biolink:NamedThing Coats disease Coats disease (CD) is an idiopathic disorder characterized by retinal telangiectasia with deposition of intraretinal or subretinal exudates, potentially leading to retinal detachment and unilateral blindness. CD is classically an isolated and unilateral condition affecting otherwise healthy young children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010631 biolink:NamedThing incontinentia pigmenti Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X-linked dominant multi-systemic ectodermal dysplasia usually lethal in males and presenting neonatally in females with a bullous rash along Blashko's lines (BL) followed by verrucous plaques evolving over time to hyperpigmented swirling patterns. It is further characterized by teeth abnormalities, alopecia, nail dystrophy and affects occasionally the retina and the central nervous system (CNS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010691 biolink:NamedThing Norrie disease A rare X-linked genetic vitreoretinal condition characterized by abnormal retinal development with congenital blindness. Common associated manifestations include sensorineural hearing loss and developmental delay, intellectual disability and/or behavioral disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011604 biolink:NamedThing spondylo-ocular syndrome Spondylo-ocular syndrome is a very rare association of spinal and ocular manifestations that is characterized by dense cataracts, and retinal detachment along with generalized osteoporosis and platyspondyly. Mild craniofacial dysphormism has been reported including short neck, large head and prominent eyebrows. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018068 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 13 Trisomy 13 is a chromosomal anomaly caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 13 and is characterized by brain malformations (holoprosencephaly), facial dysmorphism, ocular anomalies, postaxial polydactyly, visceral malformations (cardiopathy) and severe psychomotor retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019101 biolink:NamedThing retinal capillary malformation Retinal cavernous hemangioma is a rare, benign, usually unilateral retinal vascular hamartoma that in most cases is asymptomatic but in some patients may present with blurred vision or floaters and that is characterized by the presence of grape-like vacuoles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019631 biolink:NamedThing persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous A developmental ocular anomaly in which the primary vitreous body and its surrounding hyaloid vasculature failed to regress. It is usually unilateral and characterized by cataract; microphthalmos (small eyeballs), and retrolenticular fibrovascular tissue. (from Yanoff: Ophthalmology, 2nd ed.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700066 biolink:NamedThing myopathy caused by variation in FKRP Any myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the FKRP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011688 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type B5 A congenital muscular dystrophy characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of muscular dystrophy with variable penetrance of intellectual disability and structural brain abnormalities that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the FKRP gene on chromosome 19q13.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700068 biolink:NamedThing myopathy caused by variation in POMGNT1 Any myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the POMGNT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013155 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with intellectual disability), type B3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015148 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011004 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly type 3-metacarpal bone dysplasia syndrome This syndrome is characterised by severe microcephaly, agyria, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebellar hypoplasia, facial dysmorphology and epiphyseal stippling of the metacarpal bones. It has been described in two brothers. The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and may be an allelic variant of Neu-Laxova syndrome and Lissencephaly type III with cystic dilations of the cerebellum and foetal akinesia sequence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012703 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly due to TUBA1A mutation Lissencephaly (LIS) due to TUBA1A mutation is a congenital cortical development anomaly due to abnormal neuronal migration involving neocortical and hippocampal lamination, corpus callosum, cerebellum and brainstem. A large clinical spectrum can be observed, from children with severe epilepsy and intellectual and motor deficit to cases with severe cerebral dysgenesis in the antenatal period leading to pregnancy termination due to the severity of the prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019449 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly type 3-familial fetal akinesia sequence syndrome Lissencephaly type 3-familial fetal akinesia sequence syndrome is characterised by the association of microencephaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum, brainstem hypoplasia, cystic cerebellum and foetal akinesia sequence. Less than 10 cases have been described so far. The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and may be an allelic variant of Neu-Laxova syndrome and lissencephaly type III with metacarpal bone dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015159 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome-intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007045 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis, Catania type Acrofacialdysostosis, Catania type is a very rare type of acrofacialdysostosis characterized by mild intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), postnatal short stature, microcephaly, widow's peak, mandibulofacial dysostosis without cleft palate, frequent caries, mild pre- and postaxial limb hypoplasia with brachydactyly, mild interdigital webbing, simian creases, inguinal hernia and cryptorchidism and hypospadias in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007143 biolink:NamedThing aortic arch anomaly-facial dysmorphism-intellectual disability syndrome Aortic arch anomaly-peculiar facies-intellectual disability syndrome is a developmental anomaly characterized at birth by the presence of right-sided aortic arch, craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, asymmetric, facial bones, broad forehead, borderline hypertelorism, nasal septum deviation, large nasal cavity, large, posteriorly rotated ears, and microstomia with downturned corners), and intellectual disability. These features were observed in 4 members of one family, involving 2 successive generations, suggesting an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1968. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007226 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-nystagmus-cerebellar ataxia syndrome Brachydactyly-nystagmus-cerebellar ataxia syndrome is characterized by brachydactyly, nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia. Intellectual deficit and strabismus are also reported in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007259 biolink:NamedThing craniofaciofrontodigital syndrome Craniofaciofrontodigital is a rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by mild intellectual disability, short stature, cardiac anomalies, mild dysmorphic features (macrocephaly, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, exophthalmos), cutis laxa, joint hyperlaxity, wrinkled palms and soles and skeletal anomalies (sella turcica, wide ribs and small vertebral bodies). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007355 biolink:NamedThing uveal coloboma-cleft lip and palate-intellectual disability Uveal coloboma-cleft lip and palate-intellectual disability is characterised by coloboma of the iris, bilateral cleft lip and palate, and intellectual deficiency of varying degree. A wide variability in clinical expression is observed. Some patients also present with microphthalmia, cataract, glaucoma, ptosis, sensorineural hearing loss and haematuria. To date, 12 cases have been described from three generations of a single family. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007382 biolink:NamedThing Ramos-Arroyo syndrome Ramos-Arroyo syndrome (RAS) is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by corneal anesthesia, retinal abnormalities, bilateral hearing loss, distinct facies, patent ductus arteriosus, Hirschsprung disease, short stature, and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007588 biolink:NamedThing extrasystoles-short stature-hyperpigmentation-microcephaly syndrome Extrasystoles-short stature-hyperpigmentation-microcephaly syndrome is a rare, genetic, malformation syndrome with short stature characterized by microcephaly, borderline intellectual disability, hyperpigmentation of the skin, short stature, and ventricular extrasystoles. Cardiac syncope may also be associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1975. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007621 biolink:NamedThing Floating-Harbor syndrome Floating-Harbor syndrome is a genetic developmental disorder characterized by facial dysmorphism, short stature with delayed bone age, and expressive language delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007724 biolink:NamedThing hirsutism-skeletal dysplasia-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007837 biolink:NamedThing Johnson neuroectodermal syndrome Johnson neuroectodermal syndrome is characterised by alopecia, anosmia or hyposmia, conductive deafness with malformed ears and microtia and/or atresia of the external auditory canal, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007874 biolink:NamedThing trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type II Langer-Giedon syndrome, also known as trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 2, is a very rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by bone abnormalities, distinctive facial features, multiple exostoses, and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007892 biolink:NamedThing Lenz-Majewski hyperostotic dwarfism Lenz-Majewski hyperostotic dwarfism is an extremely rare syndrome associating dwarfism, characteristic facial appearance, cutis laxa and progressive bone sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007924 biolink:NamedThing Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by hamartomatous intestinal polyposis, lipomas, macrocephaly and genital lentiginosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007991 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-deafness-intellectual disability syndrome Microcephaly-deafness-intellectual disability syndrome is characterised by microcephaly, deafness, intellectual deficit and facial dysmorphism (facial asymmetry, prominent glabella, low-set and cup-shaped ears, protruding lower lip, micrognathia). It has been described in a mother and her son. The mode of inheritance is probably autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008130 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegia-intellectual disability-lingua scrotalis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008425 biolink:NamedThing omphalocele syndrome, Shprintzen-Goldberg type Shprintzen-Goldberg omphalocele syndrome is a very rare inherited malformation syndrome characterized by omphalocele, scoliosis, mild dysmorphic features (downslanted palpebral fissures, s-shaped eyelids and thin upper lip), laryngeal and pharyngeal hypoplasia and learning disabilities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008426 biolink:NamedThing Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS) is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by craniosynostosis, craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities, marfanoid habitus, cardiac anomalies, neurological abnormalities, and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008445 biolink:NamedThing delayed speech-facial asymmetry-strabismus-ear lobe creases syndrome This syndrome is extremely rare and is characterized by delayed speech development, mild facial asymmetry, strabismus and transverse ear lobe creases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008488 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly-radial heart renal anomalies syndrome Holoprosencephaly-radial heart renal anomalies syndrome is characterised by holoprosencephaly, predominantly radial limb deficiency (absent thumbs, phocomelia), heart defects, kidney malformations and absence of gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008694 biolink:NamedThing pseudoprogeria syndrome Pseudoprogeria is characterised by intellectual deficit associated with progressive spastic quadriplegia, microcephaly, glaucoma, absence of the eyebrows and eyelashes, and a malformation of the nose. It has been described in two brothers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008708 biolink:NamedThing acrocallosal syndrome Acrocallosal syndrome (ACS) is a polymalformative syndrome characterized by agenesis of corpus callosum (CC), distal anomalies of limbs, minor craniofacial anomalies and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008714 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis Rodriguez type Acrofacial dysostosis Rodriguez type is a multiple malformative syndrome in which mandibulofacial dysostosis and severe limb reduction defects are associated with complex malformations of different organs and systems especially the CNS, urogenital tract, heart, and lungs. The mandibulofacial defect, characterized by extremely severe microretrognathism and cleft palate, causes death by respiratory distress. Limb reduction is severe and includes shoulder and pelvis hypoplasia, phocomelia with humerus hypoplasia, absent radius and ulna, complete absence of long bones of the legs, and various hand anomalies, predominantly preaxial reduction (absent thumbs). Other features include CNS malformations (agenesis of corpus callosum and acqueductal stenosis), lung anomalies (absent lung lobulation), complex cardiac malformations, and unicornis uterus. These infants also show facial dysmorphism and ear anomalies. The condition is a rare with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. The prognosis is poor and this condition leads to death in utero or shortly after birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008740 biolink:NamedThing agnathia-otocephaly complex Agnathia-holoprosencephaly-situs inversus syndrome is an extremely rare and fatal association syndrome, characterized by absence of the mandible, cerebral malformations with facial anomalies related to a defect in cleavage in the embryonic brain (e.g. synophthalmia, malformed and low-set ears fused in midline (otocephaly), agenesis of the olfactory bulbs, microstomia, hypoglossia/aglossia) and situs inversus partialis or totalis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008743 biolink:NamedThing Stimmler syndrome Stimmler syndrome is characterised by the association of microcephaly, low birth weight and severe intellectual deficit with dwarfism, small teeth and diabetes mellitus. Two cases have been described. Biochemical tests reveal the presence of high levels of alanine in the urine and elevated alanine, pyruvate and lactate levels in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008791 biolink:NamedThing anencephaly 1 Anencephaly is a neural tube defect. This malformation is characterized by the total or partial absence of the cranial vault and the covering skin, the brain being missing or reduced to a small mass. Most cases are stillborn, although some infants have been reported to survive for a few hours or even a few days. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008796 biolink:NamedThing aniridia-renal agenesis-psychomotor retardation syndrome Aniridia - renal agenesis - psychomotor retardation is an extremely rare syndrome reported in two siblings of non consanguineous parents that is characterized by the association of ocular abnormalities (partial aniridia, congenital glaucoma, telecanthus) with frontal bossing, hypertelorism, unilateral renal agenesis and mild psychomotor delay. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1974. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008864 biolink:NamedThing Biemond syndrome type 2 Biemond syndrome type 2 (BS2) is a rare genetic neurological and developmental disorder reported in a very small number of patients with a poorly defined phenotype which includes iris coloboma, short stature, obesity, hypogonadism, postaxial polydactyly, and intellectual disability. Hydrocephalus and facial dysostosis were also reported. BS2 shares features with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008893 biolink:NamedThing C syndrome C syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomaly/intellectual disability syndrome characterized by trigonocephaly and metopic suture synostosis, dysmorphic facial features, short neck, skeletal anomalies, and variable intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009024 biolink:NamedThing cortical blindness-intellectual disability-polydactyly syndrome This syndrome is characterised by cortical blindness, intellectual deficit, and polydactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009026 biolink:NamedThing Costello syndrome Costello syndrome (CS) is a rare multisystemic disorder characterized by failure to thrive, short stature, developmental delay or intellectual disability, joint laxity, soft skin, and distinctive facial features. Cardiac and neurological involvement is common and there is an increased lifetime risk of certain tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009033 biolink:NamedThing temtamy syndrome Temtamy syndrome is a very rare congenital genetic neurological disorder characterized by agenesis/hypoplasia of corpus callosum with developmental abnormalities, ocular disorders, and variable craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009036 biolink:NamedThing cardiocranial syndrome, Pfeiffer type Pfeiffer-type cardiocranial syndrome is an extremely rare disorder recognized in less than ten patients worldwide and characterized by a congenital heart defect, sagittal craniosynostosis and severe developmental delay (growth retardation and intellectual deficit). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009124 biolink:NamedThing Dubowitz syndrome A rare multiple congenital syndrome characterized primarly by growth retardation, microcephaly, distinctive facial dysmorphism, cutaneous eczema, a mild to severe intellectual deficit and genital abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009167 biolink:NamedThing Bonnemann-Meinecke-Reich syndrome Bonnemann-Meinecke-Reich syndrome is a syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies characterized by an encephalopathy which predominantly occurs in the first year of life and presenting as psychomotor delay. Additional features of the disease include moderate dysmorphia, craniosynostosis, dwarfism (due to growth hormone deficiency), intellectual disability, spasticity, ataxia, retinal degeneration, and adrenal and uterine hypoplasia. The disease has been described in only two families, with each family having two affected siblings. An autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009205 biolink:NamedThing faciocardiorenal syndrome Faciocardiorenal syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by intellectual deficit, horseshoe kidney, and congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009241 biolink:NamedThing fountain syndrome Fountain syndrome is an extremely rare multi-systemic genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, deafness, skeletal abnormalities and coarse facial features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009253 biolink:NamedThing Fryns syndrome Fryns syndrome (FS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by dysmorphic facial features, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia, and distal limb hypoplasia, in addition to variable expression of additional malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009263 biolink:NamedThing GAPO syndrome A multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) syndrome involving connective tissue characterized by growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia and ocular manifestations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009320 biolink:NamedThing Hall-Riggs syndrome Hall-Riggs syndrome is a very rare syndrome consisting of microcephaly with facial dysmorphism, spondylometaepiphyseal dysplasia and severe intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009435 biolink:NamedThing hypospadias-intellectual disability, Goldblatt type syndrome Hypospasdias B intellectual deficit, Goldblatt type is a very rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome described in three brothers of one South-African family, and characterized by hypospadias and intellectual deficit, in association with mirocephaly, craniofacial dysmorphism, joint laxity and beaked nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009477 biolink:NamedThing Stromme syndrome An autosomal recessive congenital disorder affecting multiple systems with features of a ciliopathy. Affected individuals typically have some type of intestinal atresia, variable ocular abnormalities, microcephaly, and sometimes involvement of other systems, including renal and cardiac. In some cases, the condition is lethal in early life, whereas other patients show normal survival with or without mild cognitive impairment (summary by Filges et al., 2016). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009483 biolink:NamedThing Kapur-Toriello syndrome Kapur-Toriello syndrome is an extremely rare syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism, severe intellectual deficiency, cardiac and intestinal anomalies, and growth retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009485 biolink:NamedThing oculocerebrofacial syndrome, Kaufman type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009495 biolink:NamedThing Keutel syndrome Keutel syndrome is characterised by diffuse cartilage calcification, brachytelephalangism, peripheral pulmonary artery stenoses and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009507 biolink:NamedThing Lambert syndrome Lambert syndrome is a very rare syndrome described in four sibs of one French family and characterized by branchial dysplasia (malar hypoplasia, macrostomia, preauricular tags and meatal atresia), club feet, inguinal herniae and cholestasis due to paucity of interlobular bile ducts and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009543 biolink:NamedThing prominent glabella-microcephaly-hypogenitalism syndrome Prominent glabella B microcephaly B hypogenitalism is a very rare syndrome described in two sibs and characterized by prenatal onset of growth deficiency, microcephaly, hypoplastic genitalia, and birth onset of convulsions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009564 biolink:NamedThing Marden-Walker syndrome Marden-Walker syndrome (MWS) is a malformation syndrome characterized by multiple joint contractures (arthrogryposis), a mask-like face with blepharophimosis, micrognathia, high-arched or cleft palate, low-set ears, decreased muscular bulk, kyphoscoliosis and arachnodactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009565 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-glomerulonephritis-marfanoid habitus syndrome This syndrome is characterised by intellectual deficit, marfanoid habitus, microcephaly, and glomerulonephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009566 biolink:NamedThing marfanoid habitus-autosomal recessive intellectual disability syndrome Marfanoid habitus B intellectual deficit, autosomal recessive is a very rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome described in four sibs and characterized by intellectual deficit, flat face and some skeletelal features of Marfan syndrome such as tall stature, dolichostenomelia, arm span larger than height, arachnodactyly of hands and feet, little subcutaneous fat, muscle hypotonia and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009570 biolink:NamedThing McDonough syndrome A rare, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphsim (prominent superciliary arcs, synophrys, strabismus, large, anteverted ears, large nose, malocclusion of teeth), delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability and congenital heart defects (e.g. pulmonic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect). Additional features include thorax deformation (pectus excavatum/carinatum), kyphoscoliosis, diastasis recti and cryptorchidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009581 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-dysmorphism-hypogonadism-diabetes mellitus syndrome Intellectual disability-dysmorphism-hypogonadism-diabetes mellitus syndrome is characterised by moderate intellectual deficit, craniofacial dysmorphism (including broad nose with coloboma of the alea nasi, deep-set eyes, prognathism), hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, eunuchoid habitus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and epilepsy. It has been described in four patients (three brothers and their sister). This syndrome is probably transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009618 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-cardiomyopathy syndrome A syndrome characterised by severe intellectual deficit, microcephaly and dilated cardiomyopathy. Hand and foot anomalies have also been reported. The syndrome has been described in three individuals. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009620 biolink:NamedThing Say-Barber-Miller syndrome Say-Barber-Miller syndrome is characterised by the association of unusual facial features, microcephaly, developmental delay, and severe postnatal growth retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009621 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-cervical spine fusion anomalies syndrome Microcephaly-cervical spine fusion anomalies syndrome is characterized by microcephaly, facial dysmorphism (beaked nose, low-set ears, downslanting palpebral fissures, micrognathia), mild intellectual deficit, short stature, and cervical spine fusion anomalies producing spinal cord compression. It has been described in two brothers born to consanguineous parents. Transmission is likely to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009622 biolink:NamedThing Jawad syndrome Jawad syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by congenital microcephaly wih facial dysmorphism (sloping forehead, prominent nose, mild retrognathia), moderate to severe, non-progressive intellectual disability and symmetrical digital malformations of variable degree, including brachydactyly of the fifth fingers with single flexion crease, clinodactyly, syndactyly, polydactyly and hallux valgus. Congenital anonychia and white café au lait-like spots on the skin of hands and feet are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009668 biolink:NamedThing lethal multiple pterygium syndrome Multiple pterygium syndrome lethal type is a very rare genetic condition affecting the skin, muscles and skeleton. It is characterized by minor facial abnormalities, prenatal growth deficiency, spine defects, joint contractures, and webbing (pterygia)of the neck, elbows, back of the knees, armpits, and fingers. Fetuses with this condition are usually not born. Some of the prenatal complications include cystic hygroma, hydrops, diaphragmatic hernia, polyhydramnios, underdevelopment of the heart and lungs, microcephaly, bone fusions, joint dislocations, spinal fusion, andbone fractures. Both X-linked and autosomal recessive inheritance have been proposed. Mutations in the CHRNG, CHRNA1, and CHRND genes have been found to cause this condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009740 biolink:NamedThing neurofaciodigitorenal syndrome Neurofaciodigitorenal syndrome is a rare, multiple developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by neurological abnormalities (including megalencephaly, hypotonia, intellectual disability, abnormal EEG), dysmorphic facial features (high prominent forehead, grooved nasal tip, ptosis, ear anomalies) and acrorenal defects (such as triphalangism, broad halluces, unilateral renal agenesis). Additionally, intrauterine growth restriction, short stature and congenital heart defects may be associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009769 biolink:NamedThing oculo-palato-cerebral syndrome Oculopalatocerebral syndrome is characterised by the association of four anomalies: intellectual deficit, microcephaly, palate anomalies and ocular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009777 biolink:NamedThing Oliver syndrome Oliver syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by intellectual deficit, postaxial polydactyly, and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009780 biolink:NamedThing lethal omphalocele-cleft palate syndrome Lethal omphalocele-cleft palate syndrome is characterized by the association of omphalocele and cleft palate. It has been described in three daughters of normal unrelated parents. They were all diagnosed at birth. One had omphalocele, posterior cleft palate, and uterus bicornuatus; she died at 2 months. The second had omphalocele, cleft uvula, and hydrocephalus and died at 4 months; the third had omphalocele and cleft palate and died at 1 year. This syndrome is likely to be inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009858 biolink:NamedThing Pfeiffer-Palm-Teller syndrome Pfeiffer-Palm-Teller syndrome is a very rare dysmorphic syndrome described in two sibs and characterized by a short stature, unique facies, enamel hypoplasia, progressive joint stiffness, high-pitched voice, cup-shaped ears, and narrow palpebral fissures with epicanthal folds, and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009905 biolink:NamedThing urban-Rogers-Meyer syndrome This syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, short stature, obesity, genital abnormalities, and hand and/or toe contractures. It has been described in two brothers and in one isolated case. The patients also present with generalized osteoporosis and a history of frequent fractures. This syndrome is similar to Prader-Willi syndrome, but the hand contractures and osteoporosis, together with the lack of hypotonia, indicate this is a different entity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009921 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly-postaxial polydactyly syndrome Holoprosencephaly-postaxial polydactyly syndrome associates, in chromosomally normal neonates, holoprosencephaly, severe facial dysmorphism, postaxial polydactyly and other congenital abnormalities, suggestive of trisomy 13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009963 biolink:NamedThing Ulbright-Hodes syndrome Ulbright-Hodes syndrome is characterised by renal dysplasia, growth retardation, phocomelia or mesomelia, radiohumeral fusion, rib abnormalities, anomalies of the external genitalia and a potter-like facies. The syndrome has been described in three infants (one pair of sibs and an unrelated case), all of whom died shortly after birth from respiratory distress resulting from pulmonary hypoplasia and oligohydramnios caused by renal dysplasia. The mode of transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010007 biolink:NamedThing microbrachycephaly-ptosis-cleft lip syndrome Microbrachycephaly-ptosis-cleft lip syndrome is characterised by the association of intellectual deficit, microbrachycephaly, hypotelorism, palpebral ptosis, a thin/long face, cleft lip, and anomalies of the lumbar vertebra, sacrum and pelvis. It has been described in two Brazilian sisters. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010035 biolink:NamedThing Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is characterized by multiple congenital anomalies, intellectual deficit, and behavioral problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010039 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defect-round face-developmental delay syndrome Heart defect B round face B congenital developmental delay is very rare syndrome described in three sibs of one Japanese family and characterized by congenital heart disease, round face with depressed nasal bridge, small mouth, short stature, and relatively dark skin and typical dermatoglyphic anomalies, and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010092 biolink:NamedThing Filippi syndrome Filippi syndrome is characterised by microcephaly, cutaneous syndactyly of the fingers and toes, intellectual deficit, growth retardation and a characteristic facies (high and broad nasal bridge, thin alae nasi, micrognathia and a high frontal hairline). So far, less than 25 cases have been reported. Cryptorchidism, polydactyly, and teeth and hair anomalies may also be present. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010125 biolink:NamedThing upper limb defect-eye and ear abnormalities syndrome Upper limb defect - eye and ear abnormalities syndrome associates upper limb defects (hypoplastic thumb with hypoplasia of the metacarpal bone and phalanges and delayed bone maturation), developmental delay, central hearing loss, unilateral poorly developed antihelix, bilateral choroid coloboma and growth retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010193 biolink:NamedThing Weaver syndrome Weaver syndrome (WVS) is a rare, multisystem disorder characterized by tall stature, a typical facial appearance (hypertelorism, retrognathia) and variable intellectual disability. Additional features may include camptodactyly, soft doughy skin, umbilical hernia, and a low hoarse cry. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010485 biolink:NamedThing X-linked colobomatous microphthalmia-microcephaly-intellectual disability-short stature syndrome X-linked colobomatous microphthalmia-microcephaly-intellectual disability-short stature syndrome is a rare syndromic microphthalmia disorder characterized by microphthalmia with coloboma (which may involve the iris, cilary body, choroid, retina and/or optic nerve), microcephaly, short stature and intellectual disability. Other eye abnormalities such as pendular nystagmus, esotropia and ptosis may also be present. Additional associated abnormalities include kyphoscoliosis, anteverted pinnae with minimal convolutions, diastema of the incisors and congenital pes varus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010617 biolink:NamedThing male hypergonadotropic hypogonadism-intellectual disability-skeletal anomalies syndrome This syndrome is characterized by hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, intellectual deficit, congenital skeletal anomalies involving the cervical spine and superior ribs, and diabetes mellitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010835 biolink:NamedThing pterygium colli-intellectual disability-digital anomalies syndrome Pterygium colli-intellectual disability-digital anomalies syndrome is characterized by pterygium colli, digital anomalies (abnormal small thumbs, widened interphalangeal joints, and broad terminal phalanges), and craniofacial abnormalities (brachycephaly, epicanthic folds, angulated eyebrows, upward slanting of the palpebral fissures, ptosis, hypertelorism, and prominent low-set, posteriorly rotated ears). It has been described in a woman and her son, but the manifestations were much less severe in the mother. The son also had intellectual deficit. The inheritance is either X-linked dominant or autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010851 biolink:NamedThing Lowry-MacLean syndrome Lowry-MacLean syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by microcephaly, craniosynostosis, glaucoma, growth failure and visceral malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010865 biolink:NamedThing pseudoaminopterin syndrome Pseudoaminopterin syndrome is a developmental anomalies syndrome that resembles the aminopterin embryopathy without history of fetal exposure to aminopterin. It is characterized by skull (craniosynostosis and poorly mineralized cranial vault), dysmorphic (ocular hypertelorism, palpebral fissure anomalies, micrognathia cleft lip and/or high arched palate and small and low set/rotated ears) and limb (brachydactyly, syndactyly and clinodactyly) anomalies, associated with mild-to-moderate intellectual deficit and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010890 biolink:NamedThing acrocardiofacial syndrome Acro-cardio-facial syndrome (ACFS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by split-hand/split-foot malformation (SHFM), facial anomalies, cleft lip/palate, congenital heart defect (CHD), genital anomalies, and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010992 biolink:NamedThing Ayme-Gripp syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010993 biolink:NamedThing Harrod syndrome Harrod syndrome is characterized by the association of intellectual deficit, facial dysmorphism (a highly arched palate, pointed chin, and small mouth, hypotelorism, a long nose and large protruding ears), arachnodactyly, hypogenitalism (undescended testes and hypospadias) and failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010999 biolink:NamedThing fallot complex-intellectual disability-growth delay syndrome Fallot complex - intellectual deficit - growth delay is a rare disorder characterized by tetralogy of Fallot, minor facial anomalies, and severe intellectual deficiency and growth delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011045 biolink:NamedThing MMEP syndrome A congenital syndromic form of split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM). It is characterized by microcephaly, microphthalmia, ectrodactyly of the lower limbs and prognathism. Intellectual deficit has been reported. MMEP syndrome is considered to be a very rare condition, although the exact prevalence remains unknown. The etiology is not completely understood. Disruption of the sorting nexin 3 gene (SNX3; 6q21) has been shown to play a causative role in MMEP, although this was not confirmed in recent studies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011048 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy-microcephaly-skeletal dysplasia syndrome Epilepsy-microcephaly-skeletal dysplasia syndrome is characterized by the association of moderate to severe intellectual deficit, microcephaly, epilepsy, coarse face, hirsutism and skeletal abnormalities (scoliosis and retarded bone development). It has been described only once, in two sibs (one male and one female). This syndrome is likely to be an autosomal recessive condition and thus parents should be informed of a 25% risk of recurrence for other children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011049 biolink:NamedThing Fine-Lubinsky syndrome A syndrome characterised by psychomotor delay, brachycephaly with flat face, small nose, microstomia, cleft palate, cataract, hearing loss, hypoplastic scrotum and digital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011145 biolink:NamedThing colobomatous microphthalmia - obesity - hypogenitalism - intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011499 biolink:NamedThing Okamoto syndrome Okamoto syndrome is characterised by congenital hydronephrosis, intellectual deficit, growth retardation, cleft palate, generalised hypotonia and a characteristic face. Cardiac anomalies have also been reported. To date, 6 cases have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011518 biolink:NamedThing Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome is a rare genetic condition characterized by distinctive facial features, hairy elbows, short stature, and intellectual disability. This condition is caused by changes (mutations) in the KMT2A gene (also known as the MLL gene). It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Most cases result from new (de novo) mutations that occur only in an egg or sperm cell, or just after conception. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive and may include special education classes and speech and occupational therapies aimed at increasing motor functioning and language. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011575 biolink:NamedThing cerebrooculonasal syndrome Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome is a multisystem malformation syndrome that has been reported in about 10 patients. The clinical features include bilateral anophthalmia, abnormal nares, central nervous system anomalies, and neurodevelopmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011640 biolink:NamedThing genitopatellar syndrome Genitopatellar syndrome is a rare congenital patellar anomaly syndrome characterized by patellar aplasia or hypoplasia associated with microcephaly, characteristic coarse facial features (microcephaly, bitemporal narrowing, large, broad nose with high nasal bridge, prominent cheeks and micro/retrognathia or prognathism), arthrogryposis of the hips and knees, urogenital abnormalities and intellectual deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011722 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-obesity-prognathism-eye and skin anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012095 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-brachydactyly-Pierre Robin syndrome Intellectual disability-brachydactyly-Pierre Robin syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability and phsychomotor delay, Robin sequence (incl. severe micrognathia and soft palate cleft) and distinct dysmorphic facial features (e.g. synophris, short palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, small, low-set, and posteriorly angulated ears, bulbous nose, long/flat philtrum, and bow-shaped upper lip). Skeletal anomalies, such as brachydactyly, clinodactyly, small hands and feet, and oral manifestations (e.g. bifid, short tongue, oligodontia) are also associated. Additional features reported include microcephaly, capillary hemangiomas on face and scalp, ventricular septal defect, corneal clouding, nystagmus and profound sensorineural deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012280 biolink:NamedThing Goldberg-Shprintzen megacolon syndrome Goldberg-Shprintzen megacolon syndrome is a multiple malformation syndrome characterized by Hirschprung megacolon with microcephaly, hypertelorism, submucous cleft palate, short stature and learning disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012399 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 7 Any complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBB2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012496 biolink:NamedThing Koolen-de Vries syndrome A chromosomal anomaly characterized by developmental delay, childhood hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, and a friendly/amiable behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012508 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia-microcephaly-craniosynostosis-severe dermatitis syndrome A syndrome that combines agammaglobulinemia with marked microcephaly, significant developmental delay, craniosynostosis, a severe dermatitis, cleft palate, narrowing of the choanae, and blepharophimosis. It has been described in three siblings, two males and one female, born to nonconsanguineous parents. Transmission is probably autosomal recessive. It has been suggested that this syndrome represents a new form of agammaglobulinemia due to a defect in early B-cell maturation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012516 biolink:NamedThing mandibulofacial dysostosis-microcephaly syndrome Mandibulofacial dysostosis-microcephaly syndrome is a rare genetic multiple malformation disorder characterized by malar and mandibular hypoplasia, microcephaly, ear malformations with associated conductive hearing loss, distinctive facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012759 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 3 Camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 3 is a rare, genetic bone development disorder characterized by hand camptodactyly associated with facial dysmorphism (flat face, hypertelorism, telecanthus, symblepharon, simplified ears, retrognathia) and neck anomalies (short neck with stricking pterygia, muscle sclerosis). Additional features include spinal defects (e.g. cervical and dorso-lumbar spina bifida occulta), congenital shortness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, flexed wrists and thin hands and feet. Brain structural anomalies, multiple nevi, micropenis and mild intellectual disability are also observed. Imaging reveals increased bone traveculae, cortical thickening of long bones and delayed bone age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012948 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 6pter-p24 deletion syndrome Distal monosomy 6p is responsible for a distinct chromosome deletion syndrome with a recognizable clinical picture including intellectual deficit, ocular abnormalities, hearing loss, and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013036 biolink:NamedThing Zechi-Ceide syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013090 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 19q13.11 deletion syndrome The 19q13.11 microdeletion is characterized by several major features including pre and postnatal growth retardation, slender habitus, severe postnatal feeding difficulties, microcephaly, intellectual deficit with speech disturbance, hypospadias and ectodermal dysplasia presented by scalp aplasia, thin and sparse hair, eyebrows and eyelashes, thin and dry skin and dysplasic nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013169 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 5p13 duplication syndrome 5p13 microduplication syndrome is a rare partial autosomal trisomy/tetrasomy characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, autistic behavior, muscular hypotonia, macrocephaly and facial dysmorphism (frontal bossing, short palpebral fissures, low set, dysplastic ears, short or shallow philtrum, high arched or narrow palate, micrognathia). Other associated clinical features include sleep disturbances, seizures, aplasia/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, skeletal abnormalities (large hands and feet, long fingers and toes, talipes). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013182 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17p13.3 duplication syndrome 17p13.3 microduplication syndrome is characterized by variable psychomotor delay and dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013245 biolink:NamedThing syndromic multisystem autoimmune disease due to ITCH deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013256 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 15q24 deletion syndrome 15q24 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized cytogenetically by a 1.7-6.1 Mb deletion in chromosome 15q24 and clinically by pre- and post-natal growth retardation, intellectual disability, distinct facial features, and genital, skeletal, and digital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013298 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17q21.31 duplication syndrome The newly described 17q21.31 microduplication syndrome is associated with a broad clinical spectrum, of which behavioral disorders and poor social interaction seem to be the most consistent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013336 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 19p13.13 deletion syndrome 19p13.13 microdeletion syndrome is a rare partial autosomal monosomy characterized by global developmental delay, moderate intellectual disability, macrocephaly, overgrowth, hypotonia, and facial dysmorphism (frontal bossing, down-slanting palpebral fissures). Other associated features variably include ataxia, seizures, ventriculomegaly, ocular abnormalities (strabismus, optic nerve hypoplasia) and gastrointestinal problems (abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013362 biolink:NamedThing THOC6-related developmental delay-microcephaly-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013646 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 8q21.11 deletion syndrome 8q21.11 microdeletion syndrome encompasses heterozygous overlapping microdeletions on chromosome 8q21.11 resulting in intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism comprising a round face, ptosis, short philtrum, Cupid's bow and prominent low-set ears, nasal speech and mild finger and toe anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013735 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-cerebellar hypoplasia-cardiac conduction defect syndrome Microcephaly-cerebellar hypoplasia-cardiac conduction defect syndrome is a rare, genetic congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by growth failure, global developmental delay, profound intellectual disability, autistic behaviors, acquired second-degree heart block with bradycardia and vasomotor instability. Hands and feet present with long fusiform fingers, campto-clinodactyly and crowded toes while craniofacial dysmorphism includes microcephaly, broad forehead, thin eyebrows, upslanting palpebral fissures, large ears with prominent antihelix, prominent nose, long philtrum, thin upper lip vermillion and prominent lower lip. Neurological signs include hypotonia, brisk reflexes, dystonic-like movements and truncal ataxia and imaging shows cerebellar hypoplasia and simplified gyral pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014067 biolink:NamedThing short ulna-dysmorphism-hypotonia-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014096 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-intellectual disability-phalangeal and neurological anomalies syndrome This syndrome is characterised by microcephaly, severe intellectual deficit, phalangeal anomalies (cutaneous syndactyly of the fingers, toe brachyclinodactyly and nail hypoplasia) and neurological manifestations (epilepsy, spastic/dystonic paraplegia and brisk reflexes). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014196 biolink:NamedThing Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014205 biolink:NamedThing severe feeding difficulties-failure to thrive-microcephaly due to ASXL3 deficiency syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014238 biolink:NamedThing severe intellectual disability-short stature-behavioral abnormalities-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014273 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-thin corpus callosum-intellectual disability syndrome Microcephaly-thin corpus callosum-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disease characterized by progressive postnatal microcephaly and global developmental delay, as well as moderate to profound intellectual disability, difficulty or inability to walk, pyramidal signs (including spasticity, hyperreflexia and extensor plantar response) and thin corpus callosum revealed by brain imaging. Ophthalmologic signs (including nystagmus, strabismus and abnormal retinal pigmentation), foot deformity and genital anomalies may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014289 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, intellectual disability syndrome characterized by macrocephaly, mild dysmorphic features (frontal bossing, long face, hooded eye lids with small, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, and prominent chin), global neurodevelopmental delay, behavioral abnormalities (e.g. anxiety, stereotyped movements) and absence or generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Additional features reported in some patients include craniosynostosis, fifth finger clinodactyly, recurrent pneumonia, and hepatosplenomegally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014298 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 5q12 deletion syndrome PDE4D haploinsufficiency syndrome is a rare syndromic intellectual disability characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, low body mass index, long arms, fingers and toes, prominent nose and small chin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014336 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome due to SETD5 haploinsufficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014382 biolink:NamedThing tall stature-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by greater hight, mild to moderate intellectual disability and distinctive facial appereance like round face, heavy, horizontal eyebrows and narrow palpebral fissures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014413 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome type 14 Orofaciodigital syndrome type 14 is a rare subtype of orofaciodigital syndrome, with autosomal recessive inheritance and C2CD3 mutations, characterized by severe microcephaly, trigonocephaly, severe intellectual disability and micropenis, in addition to oral, facial and digital malformations (gingival frenulae, lingual hamartomas, cleft/lobulated tongue, cleft palate, telecanthus, up-slanting palpebral fissures, microretrognathia, postaxial polydactyly of hands and duplication of hallux). Corpus callosum agenesis and vermis hypoplasia with molar tooth sign, on brain imaging, are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014507 biolink:NamedThing Catel-Manzke syndrome Catel-Manzke syndrome is a rare bone disease characterized by bilateral hyperphalangy and clinodactyly of the index finger typically in association with Pierre Robin sequence comprising micrognathia, cleft palate and glossoptosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014605 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-corpus callosum hypoplasia-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014609 biolink:NamedThing cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014643 biolink:NamedThing congenital cataract-microcephaly-nevus flammeus simplex-severe intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014748 biolink:NamedThing progressive spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia-short stature-short fourth metatarsals-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014751 biolink:NamedThing palatal anomalies-widely spaced teeth-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome Palatal anomalies-widely spaced teeth-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, axial hypotonia, palate abnormalities (including cleft palate and/or high and narrow palate), dysmorphic facial features (including prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge, thin lips and widely spaced teeth), and short stature. Additional manifestations may include digital anomalies (such as brachydactyly, clinodactyly, and hypoplastic toenails), a single palmar crease, lower limb hypertonia, joint hypermobility, as well as ocular and urogenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014757 biolink:NamedThing macrothrombocytopenia-lymphedema-developmental delay-facial dysmorphism-camptodactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014886 biolink:NamedThing severe growth deficiency-strabismus-extensive dermal melanocytosis-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015233 biolink:NamedThing caudal appendage-deafness syndrome Caudal appendage-deafness syndrome is characterized by caudal appendage, short terminal phalanges, deafness, cryptorchidism, intellectual deficit, short stature and dysmorphism. It has been described in monozygotic twin boys. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015234 biolink:NamedThing arachnodactyly-abnormal ossification-intellectual disability syndrome Arachnodactyly - abnormal ossification - intellectual disability is a multiple congenital developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by arachnodactyly of fingers and toes associated with craniofacial dysmorphism (including abnormal cranial ossification, frontal bossing, flat calvaria, shallow deformed orbits resulting in exophtalmos, midface hypoplasia and micrognathia), feeding difficulties in infancy, infantile muscular hypotonia, and developmental delay leading to intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015259 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-mesomelia-intellectual disability-heart defects syndrome Brachydactyly-mesomelia-intellectual disability-heart defects syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, thin habitus with narrow shoulders, mesomelic shortness of the arms, craniofacial dysmorphism (e.g. long lower face, maxillary hypoplasia, beak nose, short columella, prognathia, high arched palate, obtuse mandibular angle), brachydactyly (mostly involving middle phalanges) and cardiovascular anomalies (i.e. aortic root dilatation, mitral valve prolapse). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015280 biolink:NamedThing cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome Cardiofaciocutaneous (CFC) syndrome is a RASopathy characterized by craniofacial dysmorphology, congenital heart disease, dermatological abnormalities (most commonly hyperkeratotic skin and sparse, curly hair), growth retardation and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015324 biolink:NamedThing cataract-intellectual disability-anal atresia-urinary defects syndrome Cataract-intellectual disability-anal atresia-urinary defects syndrome is characterised by congenital cataracts with squint, intellectual deficit, anomalies of the genitourinary tract (rectovesical fistula, micropenis, undescended testis, and hypospadias), imperforate anus and other anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015325 biolink:NamedThing cataract-deafness-hypogonadism syndrome Cataract-deafness-hypogonadism syndrome is an extremely rare multiple congenital abnormality syndrome, described in only three brothers to date, that is characterized by the association of congenital cataract, sensorineural deafness, hypogonadism, mild intellectual deficit, hypertrichosis, and short stature. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1995. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015452 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) is a rare congenital multi-systemic genetic disorder characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of the distal phalanx or nail of the fifth digit, developmental delay, intellectual disability, coarse facial features, and other variable clinical manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015458 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-hypoplastic corpus callosum-preauricular tag syndrome Intellectual disability-hypoplastic corpus callosum-preauricular tag syndrome is characterised by a hypoplastic corpus callosum, microcephaly, severe intellectual deficit, preauricular skin tags, camptodactyly, growth retardation, and recurrent bronchopneumonia. It has been described in four patients in two families. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015463 biolink:NamedThing craniodigital syndrome-intellectual disability syndrome Craniodigital syndrome - intellectual deficit is characterised by syndactyly of the fingers and toes, characteristic facies (`startled' facial expression with a small pointed nose, micrognathia, long dark eyelashes and prominent eyebrows) and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015473 biolink:NamedThing cryptorchidism-arachnodactyly-intellectual disability syndrome Cryptorchidism-arachnodactyly-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by psychomotor delay, severe intellectual deficit, severe muscle hypoplasia (with absence of subcutaneous fatty tissue), generalized contractures, craniofacial dysmorphic features (dolichocephaly, esotropia, ears of unequal size, high palate), chest and spinal deformities (i.e. sternum shifted to side, kyphoscoliosis), pulmonary anomalies (unilateral hypoplastic bronchial system), arachnodactyly, and genital abnormalities (cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testicular agenesis). Repeated respiratory tract infections and atelectasis are also associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1970. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015781 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism-shawl scrotum-joint laxity syndrome Facial dysmorphism-shawl scrotum-joint laxity syndrome is characterised by facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, telecanthus, downslanting palpebral fissures, ptosis, malar hypoplasia, broad nasal bridge, thin upper lip, smooth philtrum, and low-set prominent ears) and associated with joint anomalies (genu valgum or cubitus valgus, hyper-extensible joints, etc.). It has been described in two patients (a mother and her son). The boy also had hypoplastic shawl scrotum and cryptorchidism, and the mother had mild intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015941 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia-hearing loss-dysmorphism syndrome Epiphyseal dysplasia-hearing loss-dysmorphism syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, short stature, sensorineural hearing impairment, facial dysmorphism (incl. epicanthus, broad, depressed nasal bridge, broad, fleshy nasal tip, mildly anteverted nares, deep nasolabial folds, broad mouth with thin upper lip) and skeletal anomalies (incl. abnormally placed thumbs, brachydactyly, scoliosis, dysplastic carpal bones). Patients also present severe behavior disturbances (aggression, hyperactivity), as well as hypopigmented skin lesions and hypoplastic digital patterns. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016033 biolink:NamedThing Cornelia de Lange syndrome A rare syndrome characterized by low birth weight, delayed growth, intellectual disabillity, behavioral problems, and a distinctive facial appearance (thin, arched eyebrows, low set ears, small teeth, and small nose). The majority of cases are caused by mutations in the NIPBL gene. Less severe forms of the syndrome are caused by mutations in the SMC1A and SMC3 genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016065 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate-short stature-vertebral anomalies syndrome Cleft palate- short stature- vertebral anomalies is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome described in a father and son characterized by the association of cleft palate, peculiar facies (asymmetrical appearance, inner epicanthal folds, short nose, anteverted nostrils, low and back-oriented ears, thin upper lip and micrognathism), short stature, short neck, vertebral anomalies and intellectual disability. The transmission is presumed to be autosomal dominant. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016256 biolink:NamedThing Hennekam syndrome Hennekam syndrome is characterised by the association of lymphoedema, intestinal lymphangiectasia, intellectual deficit and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016290 biolink:NamedThing Hernández-Aguirre Negrete syndrome A syndrome is characterized by major seizures, dysmorphic features (round face, bulbous nose, wide mouth, prominent philtrum), pes planus, psychomotor retardation and obesity. It has been described in five children (three boys and two girls, one of whom died in infancy) from two unrelated Mexican families. This condition is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016433 biolink:NamedThing dysmorphism-short stature-deafness-disorder of sex development syndrome Dysmorphism-short stature-deafness-disorder of sex development syndrome is characterized by dysmorphism (including facial asymmetry, arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, broad and flat nasal bridge, microtia, small nose with anteverted nostrils, micrognathia), deafness, cleft palate, male pseudohermaphroditism, and growth and psychomotor retardation. It has been described in two siblings. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016560 biolink:NamedThing ptosis-syndactyly-learning difficulties syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016719 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-seizures-intellectual disability-heart disease syndrome Microcephaly-seizures-intellectual disability-heart disease syndrome is characterised by intellectual deficit, a cardiac anomaly, micropenis, hypothyroidism, epileptic seizures, and skeletal anomalies. It has been described in two males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016750 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-cleft palate syndrome Microcephaly-cleft palate-abnormal retinal pigmentation syndrome is a rare orofacial clefting syndrome characterized by microcephaly, cleft of the secondary palate and other variable abnormalities, including abnormal retinal pigmentation, facial dysmorphism with hypotelorism and maxillary hypoplasia. Goiter, camptodactyly, abnormal dermatoglyphics and mild intellectual disability may also be associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016760 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-microcornea syndrome, Seemanova type Microcephaly-microcornea syndrome, Seemanova type is characterised by microcephaly and brachycephaly, eye anomalies (microphthalmia, microcornea, congenital cataract), hypogenitalism, severe intellectual deficit, growth retardation and progressive spasticity. It has been described in two patients (a male and his sister's son). Both patients also presented with facial dysmorphism, including upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, highly arched palate, microstomia, and retrognathia. This syndrome is transmitted as an X-linked trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016779 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies due to 14q32.2 maternally expressed gene defect Kagami-Ogata syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by polyhydramnios (mostly due to placentomegaly), fetal macrosomia, abdominal wall defects, skeletal abnormalities (including bell-shaped thorax, coat-hanger appearance of the ribs and decreased mid to wide thorax diameter ratio in infancy), feeding difficulties and impaired swallowing, dysmorphic features (hairy forehead, full cheeks, protruding philtrum, micrognathia), developmental delay and intellectual disability. Additional features may include kyphoskoliosis, joint contractures, diastasis recti, muscular hypotonia. There is increased risk of hepatoblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017045 biolink:NamedThing neuroectodermal-endocrine syndrome Neuroectodermal-endocrine syndrome is characterised by a combination of endocrine and neuroectodermal abnormalities, including low growth hormone levels, delayed puberty, type II diabetes mellitus, mild intellectual deficit, sensorineural deafness, characteristic facial appearance and alopecia. It has been described in four sibs from Myanmar. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017284 biolink:NamedThing Xp22.13p22.2 duplication syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017315 biolink:NamedThing short stature-webbed neck-heart disease syndrome Short stature-webbed neck-heart disease syndrome is characterized by short stature, intellectual deficit, facial dysmorphism, short webbed neck, skin changes and congenital heart defects. It has been reported in four Arab Bedouin sibs born to consanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017335 biolink:NamedThing microtriplication 11q24.1 Microtriplication 11q24.1 is an extremely rare partial autosomal tetrasomy, resulting from a partial triplication of the long arm of chromosome 11, characterized by intellectual disability (with severe verbal impairment), short stature with small extremities, keratoconus and distinctive facial features (round, course face, upward slanting palpebral fissures, mild synophris, large nose with thick ala nasi and triangular tip, large mouth with broad lips, short and smooth philtrum, large protruded chin, ears with adherent lobules). Additionally, patients are overweight and present hypercholesterolemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017377 biolink:NamedThing preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome is characterised by growth retardation, intellectual deficit, preaxial polydactyly and colobomatous anomalies. It has been described in one pair of sibs (brother and sister). The mode of transmission is thought to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017393 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis - intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017579 biolink:NamedThing Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome Baraitser-Winter syndrome (BWS) is a malformation syndrome, characterized by facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism with ptosis, broad bulbous nose, ridged metopic suture, arched eyebrows, progressive coarsening of the face), ocular coloboma, pachygyria and/or band heterotopias with antero-posterior gradient, progressive joint stiffening, and intellectual deficit of variable severity, often with severe epilepsy. Pachygyria - epilepsy - intellectual disability - dysmorphism (Fryns-Aftimos syndrome (FA)) corresponds to the appearance of BWS in elderly patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017580 biolink:NamedThing 11p15.4 microduplication syndrome 11p15.4 microduplication syndrome is a rare partial autosomal trisomy/tetrasomy characterized by obesity, global developmental delay and intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism (synophrys, high-arched eyebrows, large posteriorly rotated ears, upturned nose, long smooth philtrum, overbite and high palate), large hands and limb hypotonia. Additional features include seizures and behavioral abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017668 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-short stature-hypertelorism syndrome Intellectual disability-short stature-hypertelorism syndrome is a rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability affecting males characterized by short stature, mild to moderate intellectual deficits, craniofacial dysmorphism (prominent broad 'square' forehead, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, broad nasal tip and anteverted nares) and early hypotonia present only until the age of 2. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since the original article in 1991 and it has been suggested that this condition represents an example of FG syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017682 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-polydactyly-uncombable hair syndrome Intellectual disability-polydactyly-uncombable hair syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, postaxial polydactyly, phalangeal hypoplasia, 2-3 toe syndactyly, uncombable hair and facial dysmorphism (including frontal bossing, hypotelorism, narrow palpebral fissures, nasal bridge and lips, prominent nasal root, large abnormal ears with prominent antihelix, poorly folded helix, underdeveloped lobule and antitragus, and micrognathia evolving into prognatism). Cryptorchidism, conductive hearing loss and progressive thoracic kyphosis were also reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017780 biolink:NamedThing 20p13 microdeletion syndrome 20p13 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by developmental delay, mild to moderate intellectual disability, epilepsy, and unspecific dysmorphic signs. High palate, delayed permanent tooth eruption, hypoplastic fingernails, clinodactyly and short fingers have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017805 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-hypotonia-brachycephaly-pyloric stenosis-cryptorchidism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017806 biolink:NamedThing 15q overgrowth syndrome 15q overgrowth syndrome is a rare partial autosomal trisomy/tetrasomy characterized by facial dysmorphism (long thin face, prominent forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose with broad nasal bridge, prominent chin), pre- and postnatal overgrowth, renal anomalies (e.g. horseshoe kidney, renal agenesis, hydronephrosis), mild to severe learning difficulties and behavioral abnormalities. Additional features may include craniosynostosis and macrocephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017867 biolink:NamedThing distal 17p13.1 microdeletion syndrome Distal 17p13.1 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome characterized by mild global developmental delay/intellectual disability with poor to absent speech, dysmorphic features (long midface, retrognathia with overbite, protruding ears), microcephaly, failure to thrive, wide-based gait and a body posture with knee and elbow flexion and hands held in a midline. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017920 biolink:NamedThing deafness-genital anomalies-metacarpal and metatarsal synostosis syndrome Deafness-genital anomalies-metacarpal and metatarsal synostosis syndrome is characterised by sensorineural deafness, bilateral synostosis of the 4th and 5th metacarpals and metatarsals, genital anomalies (hypospadias in males), psychomotor delay and abnormal dermatoglyphics. So far, it has been described in two unrelated patients. Facial dysmorphism was noted in both patients (prominent forehead, ear anomalies, facial asymmetry and an open mouth appearance). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017932 biolink:NamedThing muscular hypertrophy-hepatomegaly-polyhydramnios syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017934 biolink:NamedThing aphonia-deafness-retinal dystrophy-bifid halluces-intellectual disability syndrome Aphonia-deafness-retinal dystrophy-bifid halluces-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, congenital aphonia, hearing loss, optic atrophy, retinal dystrophy, broad thumbs and duplicated halluces. Facial dysmorphism (incl. thick eyebrows, ptosis, long, downslanting palpebral fissures, microstomia, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears) and genital abnormalities are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017950 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic primordial dwarfism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017995 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis-hypospadias-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017997 biolink:NamedThing telecanthus-hypertelorism-strabismus-pes cavus syndrome Telecanthus-hypertelorism-strabismus-pes cavus syndrome is characterized by telecanthus, hypertelorism, strabismus, pes cavus and other variable anomalies. It has been described in a father and his son. The son also had hypospadias, bilateral inguinal hernia, clinodactyly and camptodactyly of the fingers, and radiographic findings including flared metaphyses of the long bones and osteopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018091 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-brachydactyly-kyphoscoliosis syndrome Microcephaly-brachydactyly-kyphoscoliosis syndrome is characterized by profound intellectual deficit in association with microcephaly, short stature, brachydactyly type D, a flattened occiput, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set large ears, a broad prominent nose and kyphoscoliosis. It has been described in three sisters. The disorder is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018095 biolink:NamedThing Weaver-Williams syndrome Weaver-Williams syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by moderate-to-severe intellectual disability, decreased muscle mass, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism (prominent ears, midfacial hypoplasia, small mouth and cleft palate), clinodactyly of the fingers, delayed osseous maturation and generalized bone hypoplasia. The syndrome has been described in a brother and sister and an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance has been suggested. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1977. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018204 biolink:NamedThing 20q11.2 microduplication syndrome 20q11.2 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, due to partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 20, characterized by psychomotor and developmental delay, moderate intellectual disability, metopic ridging/trigonocephaly, short hands and/or feet and distinctive facial features (epicanthus, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, horizontal/downslanting palpebral fissures, small nose with depressed nasal bridge and anteverted nostrils, prominent cheeks, retrognathia and small, thick ears). Growth delay and cryptororchidism are often associated features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018207 biolink:NamedThing 2p13.2 microdeletion syndrome 2p13.2 microdeletion syndrome is a rare partial autosomal monosomy characterized by global development delay, intellectual disability, behavioral abnormalities (hyperactivity, attention deficit and autistic behaviors), brachycephaly and variable facial dysmorphism. Other associated features may include vertebral fusions, mild contractures of knees and elbows, and feeding difficulties during infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018248 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-seizures-macrocephaly-obesity syndrome Intellectual disability-seizures-macrocephaly-obesity syndrome is a rare syndromic obesity due to complex chromosomal rearrangement characterized by development delay and intellectual disability, childhood-onset obesity, seizures, poor coordination and broad-based gait, macrocephaly and mild dysmorphic features (such as narrow palpebral fissures, malar hypoplasia and thin upper lips), eczema, ocular abnormalities and a social personality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018253 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism-hand anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018429 biolink:NamedThing 14q24.1q24.3 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018443 biolink:NamedThing FBLN1-related developmental delay-central nervous system anomaly-syndactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018474 biolink:NamedThing 13q12.3 microdeletion syndrome 13q12.3 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by moderate intellectual disability, speech delay, postnatal microcephaly, eczema or atopic dermatitis, characteristic facial features (malar flattening, prominent nose, underdeveloped alae nasi, smooth philtrum, and thin vermillion of the upper lip), and reduced sensitivity to pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018490 biolink:NamedThing cono-spondylar dysplasia Cono-spondylar dysplasia is a rare genetic primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by early-onset severe lumbar kyphosis, marked brachydactyly and irregular, pronounced cone epiphyses of the metacarpals and phalanges. Additional reported features include developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, epileptic seizures and mild facial dysmorphism (incl. long and thin or square-shaped face, slight mid-face hypoplasia, hypertelorism, epicanthic folds, low-set ears, anteverted nostrils). Radiographic findings also reveal hypoplasia of iliac wings and anterior defect of vertebral bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018494 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-short stature-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome Microcephaly-short stature-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome is a rare genetic malformation syndrome with short stature characterized by postnatal microcephaly, failure to thrive and short stature, global developmental delay and intellectual disability, hypotonia, dysmorphic features (short nose, depressed nasal bridge, low set ears, short neck, clinodactyly and cutaneous syndactyly of T2-3 at birth and broad forehead, midface retrusion, epicanthal folds, laterally sparse eyebrows, short nose, long philtrum, widely spaced teeth, micrognathia and coarsening of facial features later in life). Other associated features include postnatal transient generalized edema, myopia, strabismus, hypothyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018572 biolink:NamedThing severe intellectual disability-hypotonia-strabismus-coarse face-planovalgus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018632 biolink:NamedThing 11q22.2q22.3 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018633 biolink:NamedThing 20q11.2 microdeletion syndrome 20q11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by psychomotor delay, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, anomalies of the hands and feet (clinodactyly, camptodactyly, brachydactyly, feet malposition), and craniofacial dysmorphism. Associated prenatal growth retardation, and gastrointestinal, heart and eye anomalies have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018658 biolink:NamedThing 19p13.3 microduplication syndrome 19p13.3 microduplication syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, microcephaly, hypotonia, motor and neurodevelopmental delay, speech delay, intellectual disability, and mild dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018697 biolink:NamedThing 1p35.2 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018710 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly-severe kyphoscoliosis-overgrowth syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018711 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-muscle weakness-short stature-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018725 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum agenesis-macrocephaly-hypertelorism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018760 biolink:NamedThing DeSanto-Shinawi syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018825 biolink:NamedThing PYCR2-related microcephaly-progressive leukoencephalopathy PYCR2-related microcephaly-progressive leukoencephalopathy is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by progressive postnatal microcephaly, cerebral hypomyelination and severe psychomotor developmental delayed with absent speech, as well as axial hypotonia, appendicular hypertonia with hyperextensibility of the wrists and ankles, hyperreflexia, severe muscle wasting and failure to thrive. Associated craniofacial dysmorphism includes triangular facies with bitemporal narrowing, down- or upslanting palpebral fissures, malar hypoplasia, large malformed ears with overfolded helices, upturned bulbous nose, long smooth philtrum and thin vermilion borders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019133 biolink:NamedThing visceral neuropathy-brain anomalies-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome Visceral neuropathy-brain anomalies-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome is characterised by facial dysmorphology, neuropathic visceral dysmotility, neurogenic megacystis, intracerebral calcifications and developmental delay. It has been described in two siblings (brother and sister) born to consanguineous parents. The girl also had microcephaly and multicystic kidneys. The boy had a more extensive neuropathic visceral disorder, leading clinically to chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction syndrome (CIPO). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019153 biolink:NamedThing brain malformation-congenital heart disease-postaxial polydactyly syndrome Goossens-Devriendt syndrome is characterised by intrauterine growth retardation, a congenital heart defect, postaxial polydactyly, a brain malformation, abnormal hair with temporal balding, and marked facial dysmorphism. It has been reported in two siblings from unrelated parents. One of the siblings died and the surviving patient showed postnatal growth retardation and severe developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019603 biolink:NamedThing osteopenia-myopia-hearing loss-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome Osteopenia-myopia-hearing loss-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome is characterised by severe hypertelorism, brachycephaly, abnormal ears, sloping shoulders, enamel hypoplasia, osteopaenia with frequent fractures, severe myopia, mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss and mild intellectual deficit. It has been described in two brothers born to first-cousin parents. No chromosomal anomalies were detected. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive or X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019786 biolink:NamedThing severe intellectual disability-epilepsy-anal anomalies-distal phalangeal hypoplasia Severe intellectual disability-epilepsy-anal anomalies-distal phalangeal hypoplasia is characterised by severe intellectual deficit, epilepsy, hypoplasia of the terminal phalanges, and an anteriorly displaced anus. It has been described in two sisters born to consanguineous parents. The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and appears to be caused by anomalies in to chromosome regions, one localised to chromosome 1 and the other to chromosome 14. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033682 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia-T-cell immunodeficiency-developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033683 biolink:NamedThing congenital progressive bone marrow failure-B-cell immunodeficiency-skeletal dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034142 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic agenesis-holoprosencephaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034145 biolink:NamedThing oculocerebrodental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036042 biolink:NamedThing KAT6B-related multiple congenital anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044621 biolink:NamedThing 16p12.1p12.3 triplication syndrome 16p12.1p12.3 triplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 16 characterized by global developmental delay, pre- or post-natal growth delay and distinctive craniofacial features, including short palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, bulbous nose, thin upper vermillion border, apparently low-set ears and large ear lobes. Variable clinical features that have been reported include congenital heart disease, genitourinary abnormalities, visual anomalies or, less commonly, infantile hepatic disease. Patients are also reported to have tapered fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044696 biolink:NamedThing early-onset progressive encephalopathy-hearing loss-pons hypoplasia-brain atrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044738 biolink:NamedThing Gabriele de Vries syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054636 biolink:NamedThing Skraban-Deardorff syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060568 biolink:NamedThing Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000008 biolink:NamedThing Martsolf syndrome 1 This syndrome is characterized by the association of intellectual deficit, congenital cataract, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017270 biolink:NamedThing autosomal ichthyosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007811 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis-cheek-eyebrow syndrome Ichthyosis-cheek-eyebrow syndrome is characterised by ichthyosis, prominent full cheeks and sparse lateral eyebrows. It has been described in several individuals from four generations of one family. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008924 biolink:NamedThing congenital cataract-ichthyosis syndrome Congenital cataract-ichthyosis syndrome is characterized by congenital cataract associated with ichthyosis. It has been described in less than ten patients from two unrelated families. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009444 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis-alopecia-eclabion-ectropion-intellectual disability syndrome Ichthyosis-alopecia-eclabion-ectropion-intellectual disability syndrome is an ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by severe generalized lamellar icthyosis at birth with alopecia, eclabium, ectropion and intellectual disability. Although similar to Sjogren-Larsson syndrome, this syndrome lacks the presence of neurologic or macular changes. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009445 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis-hepatosplenomegaly-cerebellar degeneration syndrome Ichthyosis-hepatosplenomegaly-cerebellar degeneration syndrome is characterised by ichthyosis, hepatosplenomegaly and late-onset cerebellar ataxia. It has been described in two brothers. Transmission is either autosomal recessive or X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009446 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis-intellectual disability-dwarfism-renal impairment syndrome Ichthyosis-intellectual disability-dwarfism-renal impairment syndrome is characterised by nonbullous congenital ichthyosis, intellectual deficit, dwarfism and renal impairment. It has been described in four members of one Iranian family. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009792 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis-oral and digital anomalies syndrome Ichthyosis-oral and digital anomalies syndrome is characterised by ichthyosis, unusual facies (small mouth with a thin upper lip and lower lip with a midline groove) and digital anomalies (tapered fingers with a lack of distal flexion creases and wide spacing between the second and third fingers). It has been described in two sibs born to first cousin parents. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010155 biolink:NamedThing Dorfman-Chanarin disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011874 biolink:NamedThing neonatal ichthyosis-sclerosing cholangitis syndrome Neonatal ichthyosis-sclerosing cholangitis (NISCH syndrome) is a very rare complex ichthyosis syndrome characterized by scalp hypotrichosis, scarring alopecia, ichthyosis and sclerosing cholangitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011945 biolink:NamedThing Gaucher disease perinatal lethal Fetal Gaucher disease is the perinatal lethal form of Gaucher disease (GD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012089 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis prematurity syndrome Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome is a rare, syndromic congenital ichthyosis characterized by premature birth (at gestational weeks 30-32, in general) in addition to thick, caseous and desquamating epidermis, neonatal respiratory asphyxia, and persistent eosinophilia. After the perinatal period, a spontaneous improvement in the health of affected patients is observed and skin features (vernix caseosa-like scale) evolve into a mild presentation of flat follicular hyperkeratosis with atopy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012251 biolink:NamedThing MEDNIK syndrome MEDNIK syndrome, previously known as Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis type 3 (EKV3), is characterized by intellectual deficit, enteropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy, lamellar and erythrodermic ichthyosis, and keratodermia (MEDNIK stands for Mental retardation, Enteropathy, Deafness, peripheral Neuropathy, Ichtyosis, Keratodermia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012290 biolink:NamedThing CEDNIK syndrome CEDNIK syndrome is a neurocutaneaous syndrome characterized by severe developmental abnormalities of the nervous system and aberrant differentiation of the epidermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012387 biolink:NamedThing osteosclerosis-ichthyosis-premature ovarian failure syndrome This syndrome is characterised by sclerosing bone dysplasia, ichthyosis vulgaris and premature ovarian failure. The bone disorder affects all metaphyseal-diaphyseal regions of the long bones, the skull, and the metacarpals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012556 biolink:NamedThing DK1-congenital disorder of glycosylation DK1-CDG is characterised by muscular hypotonia and ichthyosis. It has been described in four children from two consanguineous families. All the affected children died during early infancy, two from dilated cardiomyopathy. The syndrome is caused by a deficiency in dolichol kinase 1 (DK1), an enzyme involved in the de novo biosynthesis of dolichol phosphate. The mutations identified in the DK1 gene led to a 96 to 98% reduction in DK activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013176 biolink:NamedThing Weill-Marchesani 4 syndrome, recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013760 biolink:NamedThing congenital ichthyosis-intellectual disability-spastic quadriplegia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016417 biolink:NamedThing congenital ichthyosis-microcephalus-tetraplegia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018053 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy Trichothiodystrophy or TTD is a heterogeneous group disorders characterized by short, brittle hair with low-sulphur content (due to an abnormal synthesis of the sulphur containing keratins). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018781 biolink:NamedThing KID syndrome Keratitis (and hystrix-like) ichthyosis deafness (KID/HID) syndrome is a rare congenital ectodermal disorder characterized by vascularizing keratitis, hyperkeratotic skin lesions and hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018491 biolink:NamedThing 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011152 biolink:NamedThing PHGDH deficiency 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency (3-PGDH deficiency) is an autosomal recessive form of serine deficiency syndrome characterized clinically in the few reported cases by congenital microcephaly, psychomotor retardation and intractable seizures in the infantile form and by absence seizures, moderate developmental delay and behavioral disorders in the juvenile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004674 biolink:NamedThing chorioretinitis Inflammation of the distal posterior uveal tract (choroid) and its structural and vascular attachments to the retina. It is usually caused by infection and though rare, it is clinically significant due to its most serious sequela: loss of vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002164 biolink:NamedThing focal chorioretinitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004657 biolink:NamedThing disseminated chorioretinitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011644 biolink:NamedThing pars planitis An inflammatory disorder of the cilliary body in the uvea that affects healthy, younger individuals who are often asymptomatic. It has a long clinical course with relapses and remissions. Symptoms include mildly decreased vision and floaters. It may be associated with autoimmune disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007163 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 2 Episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) is the most frequent form of Hereditary episodic ataxia (EA) characterized by paroxysmal episodes of ataxia lasting hours, with interictal nystagmus and mildly progressive ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008457 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) is the most common subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III (ADCA type III) characterized by late-onset and slowly progressive gait ataxia and other cerebellar signs such as impaired muscle coordination and nystagmus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010702 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome I A rare neurodevelopmental disorder in the ciliopathy group that is lethal in males and characterized by variable anomalies including external malformations (craniofacial and digital), and possible involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) and of viscera (kidneys, pancreas and ovaries) in females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012735 biolink:NamedThing Temple-Baraitser syndrome A rare developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by severe intellectual disability and distal hypoplasia of digits, particularly of thumbs and halluces, with nail aplasia or hypoplasia. Facial dysmorphism with a pseudo-myopathic appearance has been reported, which may include high anterior hairline or low frontal hairline with central cowlick, flat forehead, ptosis, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, ears with thick helices, broad depressed nasal bridge with anteverted nares, short columella, long philtrum, high-arched palate, broad mouth with thick vermilion border of the upper or the lower lip and downturned corners. Marked hypotonia, seizures and global developmental delay have been reported, associated with autistic spectrum disorder manifestations in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013033 biolink:NamedThing cerebral palsy, spastic quadriplegic, 2 Any spastic quadriplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KANK1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013527 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly 4 Any lissencephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NDE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014811 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar atrophy, visual impairment, and psychomotor retardation; DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014857 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with or without anomalies of the brain, eye, or heart DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014862 biolink:NamedThing cerebral palsy, spastic quadriplegic, 3 Any spastic quadriplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADD3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014893 biolink:NamedThing Okur-Chung neurodevelopmental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014958 biolink:NamedThing Harel-Yoon syndrome A syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, truncal hypotonia, spasticity, and peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014995 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, seizures, and absent language DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016241 biolink:NamedThing alternating hemiplegia of childhood A rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of hemiplegia and paroxysmal disturbances associated with persistent developmental delay and cognitive impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020756 biolink:NamedThing migraine, familial hemiplegic, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020841 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar atrophy and with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024526 biolink:NamedThing Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 1 Any Zimmermann-Laband syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030024 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with or without autistic features and/or structural brain abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030025 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, microcephaly, and seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030046 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder and structural brain anomalies with or without seizures and spasticity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030060 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with language impairment and behavioral abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030063 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures, hypotonia, and brain imaging abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030852 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies, sleep disturbance, and brain abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030866 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with cardiomyopathy, spasticity, and brain abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030930 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with or without early-onset generalized epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030994 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with or without autism or seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030999 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebral atrophy and variable facial dysmorphism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031011 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and variable seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032661 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with impaired intellectual development, hypotonia, and ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032697 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder and language delay with or without structural brain abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032698 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with central and peripheral motor dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032705 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, epilepsy, and hypomyelination DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032741 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with impaired speech and hyperkinetic movements DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032755 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with or without variable brain abnormalities; NEDBA DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032775 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and speech and walking impairment DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032779 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly and structural brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032784 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and nonepileptic hyperkinetic movements DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032790 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with coarse facies and mild distal skeletal abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032807 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with visual defects and brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032816 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with ataxia, hypotonia, and microcephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032817 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with cataracts, poor growth, and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032818 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar hypoplasia and spasticity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032820 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with structural brain anomalies and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032829 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and variable intellectual and behavioral abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032838 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, arthrogryposis, and structural brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032849 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with spastic quadriplegia, optic atrophy, seizures, and structural brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032855 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and distal skeletal anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032876 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with absent language and variable seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032877 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with nonspecific brain abnormalities and with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032878 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with behavioral abnormalities, absent speech, and hypotonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032887 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, cortical malformations, and spasticity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032888 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with brain anomalies and with or without vertebral or cardiac anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032889 biolink:NamedThing Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032894 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with epilepsy, spasticity, and brain atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032900 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and autistic features with or without hyperkinetic movements DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032921 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, neonatal respiratory insufficiency, and thermodysregulation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032942 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032943 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with relative macrocephaly and with or without cardiac or endocrine anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033562 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies, impaired speech, and hypotonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033613 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with progressive spasticity and brain white matter abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033630 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with speech impairment and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033658 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and brain atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033662 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, seizures, and brain atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044306 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with epilepsy, cataracts, feeding difficulties, and delayed brain myelination Neurodevelopmental disorder with epilepsy, cataracts, feeding difficulties, and delayed brain myelination is a syndromic form of severe to profound intellectual disability with onset of delayed psychomotor development and seizures in infancy. Affected children have hypotonia, feeding difficulties resulting in failure to thrive, and inability to speak or walk, and they tend to show repetitive stereotypic behaviors. Brain imaging shows cerebral atrophy and delayed myelination (summary by {1:Schoch et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056797 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with midbrain and hindbrain malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060490 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, hypotonia, and variable brain anomalies A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by infantile onset of global developmental delay and profound intellectual disability in association with a heterogeneous spectrum of manifestations, such as features of lower motor neuron disease, hypotonia, spasticity, contractures, seizures, respiratory insufficiency, and optic atrophy, among others. Dysmorphic craniofacial features include microcephaly, tall forehead, bitemporal narrowing, flat nasal bridge, low-set ears, and high-arched palate. Brain imaging may show cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, delayed myelination, and thin corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060491 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with involuntary movements DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060496 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, neuropathy, and deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060562 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, neonatal severe, with lactic acidosis and brain abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060577 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, ataxia, and seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060578 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder, mitochondrial, with abnormal movements and lactic acidosis, with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060596 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and distal limb anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060621 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, seizures, and cortical atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060622 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with severe motor impairment and absent language DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060624 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with ataxic gait, absent speech, and decreased cortical white matter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060629 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with or without hyperkinetic movements and seizures, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060640 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, epilepsy, and brain atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060641 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with or without seizures and gait abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060642 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with movement abnormalities, abnormal gait, and autistic features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060659 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with poor language and loss of hand skills DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060664 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, cataracts, and renal abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060704 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with spastic quadriplegia and brain abnormalities with or without seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060752 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with spasticity and poor growth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060759 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with regression, abnormal movements, loss of speech, and seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060761 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder with epilepsy and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100040 biolink:NamedThing FOXG1 disorder A monogenic disease that has material basis in mutation in the FOXG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100148 biolink:NamedThing X-linked complex neurodevelopmental disorder A complex neurodevelopmental disorder that is transmitted via X-linked inheritance, and is characterized by intellectual disability, autism and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020345 biolink:NamedThing presynaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020346 biolink:NamedThing synaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000188 biolink:NamedThing GLUT1 deficiency syndrome An epileptic encephalopathy resulting from impaired glucose transport into the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000456 biolink:NamedThing cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome Creatine deficiency syndrome (CDS) comprises a group of inborn errors of creatine metabolism, characterized by a global developmental delay, intellectual disability and associated neurological (seizures, movement disorders, myopathy) and behavioral manifestions. CDS includes two creatine biosynthesis disorders; guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency and L- Arginine: glycine amidinotransferase deficiency, as well as X-linked creatine transporter deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005579 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, idiopathic generalized A chronic condition characterised by recurrent generalised seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009532 biolink:NamedThing Miller-Dieker lissencephaly syndrome A rare syndrome caused by deletion of genetic material in the short arm of chromosome 17. It is characterized by an abnormally smooth brain with fewer folds and grooves. It results in intellectual disability, developmental delay, seizures, spasticity, hypotonia, and feeding difficulties. Affected individuals have distinctive facial features that include a prominent forehead, midface hypoplasia, small, upturned nose, low-set ears, small jaw, and thick upper lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009666 biolink:NamedThing holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency A life-threatening early-onset form of multiple carboxylase deficiency, an inborn error of biotin metabolism, that, if untreated, is characterized by vomiting, tachypnea, irritability, lethargy, exfoliative dermatitis, and seizures that can worsen to coma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009945 biolink:NamedThing pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy A rare neurometabolic disease characterized by recurrent intractable seizures in the prenatal, neonatal and postnatal period that are resistant to anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) but that are responsive to pharmacological dosages of pyridoxine (vitamin B6). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010397 biolink:NamedThing severe neonatal-onset encephalopathy with microcephaly An X-linked recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the MECP2 gene, encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2. It is characterized by severe neonatal encephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010826 biolink:NamedThing childhood absence epilepsy Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a familial generalized pediatric epilepsy, characterized by very frequent (multiple per day) absence seizures, usually occurring in children between the ages of 4 and 10 years, with, in most cases, a good prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011178 biolink:NamedThing infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis Infantile Convulsions and paroxysmal ChoreoAthetosis (ICCA) syndrome is a neurological condition characterized by the occurrence of seizures during the first year of life (Benign familial infantile epilepsy) and choreoathetotic dyskinetic attacks during childhood or adolescence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012407 biolink:NamedThing pyridoxal phosphate-responsive seizures Pyridoxal phosphate-responsive seizures is a very rare neonatal epileptic encephalopathy disorder characterized clinically by onset of severe seizures within hours of birth that are not responsive to anticonvulsants, but are responsive to treatment with pyridoxal phosphate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012611 biolink:NamedThing polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015921 biolink:NamedThing ARX-related epileptic encephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016025 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic-astastic epilepsy Myoclonic Astatic Epilepsy (MAE) is a rare epilepsy syndrome of childhood characterized by the occurrence of multiple different seizure types including myoclonic-astatic, generalized tonic-clonic and absence seizures, usually in previously healthy children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016027 biolink:NamedThing benign neonatal seizures A rare genetic epilepsy syndrome characterized by the occurrence of afebrile seizures in otherwise healthy newborns with onset in the first few days of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016160 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-epilepsy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017615 biolink:NamedThing benign familial infantile epilepsy Benign familial infantile epilepsy (BFIE) is a genetic epileptic syndrome characterized by the occurrence of afebrile repeated seizures in healthy infants, between the third and eighth month of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018125 biolink:NamedThing focal epilepsy-intellectual disability-cerebro-cerebellar malformation Focal epilepsy-intellectual disability-cerebro-cerebellar malformation is a rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by early infantile-onset of seizures, borderline to moderate intellectual disability, cerebellar features including dysarthria and ataxia and cerebellar atrophy and cortical thickening observed on MRI imaging. Seizures are typically focal (with prominent eye blinking, facial and limb jerking), precipitated by fever and often commence with an oral sensory aura (anesthetized tongue sensation). When not properly controlled by anti-epileptic medication, weekly frequency and persistance into adult life is observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018214 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus A familial epilepsy syndrome in which family members display a seizure disorder from the generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus spectrum which ranges from simple febrile seizures (FS) to the more severe phenotype of myoclonic-astatic epilepsy (MAE) or Dravet syndrome (DS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018314 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with severe cognitive regression A rare monogenic disease with infantile-onset pharmacoresistant focal seizures of mesial temporal lobe onset manifesting with unresponsiveness, hypertonia and automatisms and cognitive regression soon after seizure onset leading to severe intellectual disability with behavioral abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018446 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia - epilepsy - intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018614 biolink:NamedThing undetermined early-onset epileptic encephalopathy A rare infantile epilepsy syndrome characterized by early onset of seizures of variable type and severity, potentially associated with a spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms including delay or lack of psychomotor development, intellectual disability, poor or absent speech development, behavioral abnormalities, hypotonia, movement disorders, spasticity, microcephaly, and dysmorphic facial features, among others. Brain imaging findings are also variable and may include cerebral atrophy or white matter abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019053 biolink:NamedThing peroxisomal disease A group of congenital disorders of lipid metabolism, caused by loss of the normal peroxisomes. Signs and symptoms include developmental delays, intellectual disability, characteristic facial dysmorphic features, hepatomegaly, and hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019197 biolink:NamedThing folinic acid-responsive seizures Folinic acid-responsive seizures is a very rare neonatal epileptic encephalopathy disorder characterized clinically by myoclonic and clonic, or clonic seizures associated with apnea occurring several hours to 5 days after birth and responding to folinic acid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019207 biolink:NamedThing DEND syndrome DEND syndrome is a very rare, generally severe form of neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) characterized by a triad of developmental delay, epilepsy, and neonatal diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020074 biolink:NamedThing progressive myoclonus epilepsy A rare group of disorders characterized by the development of myoclonic and tonic-clonic epileptic seizures associated with progressive degeneration of the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020627 biolink:NamedThing epileptic encephalopathy, infantile or early childhood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021927 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis epileptic seizures migrational brain disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023224 biolink:NamedThing inherited reflex epilepsy An instance of reflex epilepsy that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024252 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay-neuro-ophthalmological abnormalities-seizures-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035117 biolink:NamedThing PUM1-associated developmental disability-ataxia-seizure syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100034 biolink:NamedThing cerebral folate deficiency Cerebral folate deficiency is defined as a neurological syndrome associated with low CSF 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF), the active folate metabolite, in the presence of normal folate metabolism outside the nervous system. Cerebral folate deficiency can result from either disturbed folate transport or from increased folate turnover within the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019226 biolink:NamedThing glucose transport disorder An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of glucose transport. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009216 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to GLUT2 deficiency Fanconi-Bickel glycogenosis (FBG) is a rare glycogen storage disease characterized by hepatorenal glycogen accumulation, severe renal tubular dysfunction and impaired glucose and galactose metabolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009297 biolink:NamedThing familial renal glucosuria Familial Renal Glucosuria (FRG) is characterized by the presence of persistent isolated glucosuria in the absence of both generalized proximal tubular dysfunction and hyperglycemia. FRG is usually considered a benign entity as most patients are not affected by severe clinical consequences. Polyuria and enuresis and later a mild growth and pubertal maturation delay are the only manifestations that have been reported during a follow-up period of 30 years. Episodic dehydration and ketosis during pregnancy and starvation and an increased incidence of urinary tract infections have occasionally been reported in severe cases. FRG is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene SLC5A2 (16p11.2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011731 biolink:NamedThing glucose-galactose malabsorption Glucose-galactose malabsorption (GGM) is a very rare, potentially lethal, genetic metabolic disease characterized by impaired glucose-galactose absorption resulting in severe watery diarrhea and dehydration with onset inthe neonatal period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100033 biolink:NamedThing metabolic epilepsy Metabolic epilepsies are conceptualized as having a distinct metabolic abnormality that has been demonstrated to be associated with a substantially increased risk of developing epilepsy in appropriately designed studies. Metabolic disorders have genetic origin; however, the metabolic abnormalities are a separate disorder interposed between the genetic defect and the epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000190 biolink:NamedThing ventricular fibrillation A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of a rapid grossly irregular ventricular rhythm with marked variability in QRS cycle length, morphology, and amplitude. The rate is typically greater than 300 bpm. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007263 biolink:NamedThing cardiac rhythm disease Any variation from the normal rate or rhythm (which may include the origin of the impulse and/or its subsequent propagation) in the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000466 biolink:NamedThing first-degree atrioventricular block A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of prolonged PR interval for a specific population. For adults one common threshold is a PR interval greater than 0.20 seconds. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000467 biolink:NamedThing second-degree atrioventricular block Intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction to the ventricles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000468 biolink:NamedThing third-degree atrioventricular block A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of complete failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction to the ventricles. This is manifested on the ECG by disassociation of atrial and ventricular rhythms. The atrial rate must be faster than the ventricular rate. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000745 biolink:NamedThing cardiac arrest Cessation of breathing and/or cardiac function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004981 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of a supraventricular arrhythmia characterized by the replacement of consistent P waves by rapid oscillations or fibrillatory waves that vary in size, shape and timing and are accompanied by an irregular ventricular response. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005477 biolink:NamedThing ventricular tachycardia A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of three or more consecutive complexes of ventricular origin with a rate greater than a certain threshold (100 or 120 beats per minute are commonly used). The QRS complexes are wide and have an abnormal morphology. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005479 biolink:NamedThing atrial tachycardia A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of an organized, regular atrial rhythm with atrial rate between 101 and 240 beats per minute. The P wave morphology must be distinct from the sinus P wave morphology. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007240 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial heart block, type 1A An autosomal dominant inherited cardiac bundle branch disorder which can progress to complete heart block. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013317 biolink:NamedThing torsade-de-pointes syndrome with short coupling interval Torsade-de-pointes (TdP) syndrome with short coupling interval is a very rare variant of Torsade de pointes, a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, which is characterized by a short coupling interval of the first TdP beat on electrocardiogram in the absence of any structural heart disease. It manifests in early adulthood with syncope, often results in ventricular fibrillation and shows a high risk of sudden cardiac death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013960 biolink:NamedThing sinoatrial node dysfunction and deafness Sinoatrial node dysfunction and deafness is a rare genetic disease characterized by congenital severe to profound deafness with no evidence of vestibular dysfunction, associated with sinoatrial node dysfunction with pronounced bradycardia and increased variability of heart rate at rest and episodic syncopes that may be triggered by enhanced physical activity and stress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015257 biolink:NamedThing sino-auricular heart block DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016348 biolink:NamedThing non-genetic cardiac rhythm disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017989 biolink:NamedThing His bundle tachycardia His bundle tachycardia is a very rare congenital genetic tachyarrhythmia characterized by incessant tachycardia and high morbidity and mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020745 biolink:NamedThing ventricular arrhythmias due to cardiac ryanodine receptor calcium release deficiency syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054866 biolink:NamedThing sudden arrhythmia death syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100042 biolink:NamedThing cardiac conduction defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100511 biolink:NamedThing sudden cardiac arrest The sudden loss of all heart activity due to an irregular heart rhythm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005336 biolink:NamedThing myopathy A disease of the muscle in which the muscle fibers do not function properly. This results in muscular weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000866 biolink:NamedThing myoglobinuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004323 biolink:NamedThing muscular atrophy The loss of muscle tissue due to inactivity or disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004746 biolink:NamedThing myopathy of extraocular muscle A myopathy that involves the extra-ocular muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006862 biolink:NamedThing myofascial pain syndrome Muscular pain in numerous body regions that can be reproduced by pressure on trigger points, localized hardenings in skeletal muscle tissue. Pain is referred to a location distant from the trigger points. A prime example is the temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010977 biolink:NamedThing Brody myopathy Brody myopathy is a hereditary condition that affects the skeletal muscles (muscles used for movement). Symptoms typically begin in childhood and are characterized by muscle cramping and stiffening (myopathy) after exercise or other strenuous activity. These symptoms can worsen in cold temperatures and are usually painless, however, some individuals may have mild discomfort. Some cases of Brody myopathy are caused by mutations in the ATP2A1 gene. The cause of Brody myopathy for individuals not found to have an ATP2A1 gene mutation remains unknown. Brody myopathy is usually inherited in an autosomal recessive manner with a few reported cases of autosomal dominant inheritance. While there is no one treatment for Brody myopathy, certain muscle relaxants, such as dantrolene and blood pressure medications called calcium channel blockers, such as verapamil may be useful. Some researchers suggest that individuals found to have an ATP2A1 gene mutation have a slightly different disorder in which symptoms appear at an earlier age. They use the disease term 'Brody disease' for individuals with an identifiedmutation versus 'Brody syndrome' for those that do not. More research may help clarify whether these are two different disorders or a variation of the same disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011634 biolink:NamedThing rippling muscle disease A benign myopathy with symptoms and signs of muscular hyperexcitability. The typical finding is electrically silent muscle contractions provoked by mechanical stimuli and stretch DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013225 biolink:NamedThing congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4 Any congenital generalized lipodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CAVIN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014220 biolink:NamedThing myopathy due to myoadenylate deaminase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014300 biolink:NamedThing proximal myopathy with extrapyramidal signs Proximal myopathy with extrapyramidal signs is a rare, hereditary non-dystrophic myopathy characterized by proximal muscle weakness, delayed motor development, learning difficulties, and progressive extrapyramidal motor signs including chorea, dystonia and tremor. Variable additional features have been reported - ataxia, microcephaly, ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, and optic atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016112 biolink:NamedThing inclusion myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016125 biolink:NamedThing infectious, fungal or parasitic myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019735 biolink:NamedThing polymyalgia rheumatica A syndrome characterized by pain, stiffness, and tenderness of the proximal muscle groups including the shoulder, pelvic girdle and the neck. There is no muscle atrophy and muscle biopsies do not reveal pathologic changes. Additional signs and symptoms include low grade fever, fatigue and depression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019943 biolink:NamedThing hereditary continuous muscle fiber activity Hereditary continuous muscle fiber activity is a rare, non-dystrophic myopathy characterized by generalized myokymia and increased muscle tone associated with delayed motor milestones, leg stiffness, spastic gait, hyperreflexia and Babinski sign. Symptoms may be worsened by febrile illness or anesthesia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019952 biolink:NamedThing congenital myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020121 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy Muscular dystrophy (MD) refers to a group of more than 30 genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement. Some forms of MD are seen in newborns, infants or children, while others have late-onset and may not appear until middle age or later. The disorders differ in terms of the distribution and extent of muscle weakness (some forms of MD also affect cardiac muscle), age of onset, rate of progression, and pattern of inheritance. The prognosis for people with MD varies according to the type and progression of the disorder. There is no specific treatment to stop or reverse any form of MD. Treatment is supportive and may include physical therapy, respiratory therapy, speech therapy, orthopedic appliances used for support, corrective orthopedic surgery, and medicationsincluding corticosteroids, anticonvulsants (seizure medications), immunosuppressants, and antibiotics. Some individuals may need assisted ventilation to treat respiratory muscle weaknessor a pacemaker for cardiac (heart)abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020123 biolink:NamedThing metabolic myopathy A group of rare inherited disorders characterized by a deficiency of enzymes that are involved in metabolic pathways that affect muscles. The disorders are characterized by muscle dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021167 biolink:NamedThing myositis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the muscle tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100225 biolink:NamedThing collagen 6-related myopathy A qualitative or quantitative defect of collagen 6 disorder that covers a wide spectrum of musculoskeletal phenotypes caused by dominant and recessive mutations in the three major collagen VI genes: COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3. These variants lead to a variety of overlapping phenotypes, ranging from severe congenital muscle weakness, hypotonia, torticollis and contractures with loss or non-development of ambulation on one end and childhood to adult onset mild muscle weakness, stiffness, and joint hyperlaxity on the other. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700067 biolink:NamedThing myopathy caused by variation in FKTN Any myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the FKTN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700069 biolink:NamedThing myopathy caused by variation in POMGNT2 Any myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the POMGNT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700070 biolink:NamedThing myopathy caused by variation in POMT1 Any myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the POMT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700071 biolink:NamedThing myopathy caused by variation in POMT2 Any myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the POMT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700084 biolink:NamedThing myopathy caused by variation in GMPPB Any myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the GMPPB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000193 biolink:NamedThing cortisone reductase deficiency A disorder in which there is a failure to regenerate the active glucocorticoid cortisol from cortisone via 11beta-HSD1. The resulting lack of cortisol regeneration stimulates ACTH-mediated adrenal hyperandrogenism, with males manifesting in childhood with precocious pseudopuberty and females presenting in adolescence and early adulthood with hirsutism, oligoamenorrhea, and infertility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002525 biolink:NamedThing inherited lipid metabolism disorder An inherited metabolic disorder caused by an enzyme deficiency, resulting in an inability to oxidize fatty acids for energy production. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001336 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperlipidemia An instance of hyperlipidemia (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001822 biolink:NamedThing hypolipoproteinemia Conditions with abnormally low levels of lipoproteins in the blood. This may involve any of the lipoprotein subclasses, including alpha-lipoproteins (high-density lipoproteins); beta-lipoproteins (low-density lipoproteins); and prebeta-lipoproteins (very-low-density lipoproteins). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005523 biolink:NamedThing steroid inherited metabolic disorder Errors in metabolic processing of steroids resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010810 biolink:NamedThing vitamin D hydroxylation-deficient rickets, type 1B An autosomal recessive form of rickets caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the CYP2R1 gene, encoding vitamin D 25-hydroxylase, the hepatic enzyme that converts vitamin D to 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the precursor of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol). The condition is characterized by reduced serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia with secondary hyperparathyroidism and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, and by failure to thrive, seizures, muscle weakness, and rickets. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012172 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency Mitochondrial trifunctional protein (TFP) deficiency (TFPD) is a disorder of fatty acid oxidation characterized by a wide clinical spectrum ranging from severe neonatal manifestations including cardiomyopathy, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, skeletal myopathy and neuropathy, liver disease and death to a mild phenotype with peripheral polyneuropathy, episodic rhabdomyolysis and pigmentary retinopathy.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015905 biolink:NamedThing syndromic dyslipidemia A inherited lipid metabolism disorder that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017709 biolink:NamedThing disorder of lipid absorption and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017748 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of glycosphingolipid and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor glycosylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017986 biolink:NamedThing disorder of plasmalogens biosynthesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018117 biolink:NamedThing disorder of phospholipids, sphingolipids and fatty acids biosynthesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019256 biolink:NamedThing sterol metabolism disorder An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of sterol metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021130 biolink:NamedThing disorder of sphingolipid biosynthesis An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of sphingolipid biosynthetic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029140 biolink:NamedThing glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037858 biolink:NamedThing inherited fatty acid metabolism disorder A group of genetic disorders that result from the inability to produce or use an enzyme required to oxidize fatty acids, resulting in an inability to generate energy from fatty acid sources. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060724 biolink:NamedThing glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015898 biolink:NamedThing adrenogenital syndrome Abnormal sex differentiation or congenital disorders of sex development caused by abnormal levels of steroid hormones expressed by the gonads or the adrenal glands, such as in congenital adrenal hyperplasia and adrenal cortex neoplasms. Due to abnormal steroid biosynthesis, clinical features include virilism in females; feminization in males; or precocious sexual development in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018479 biolink:NamedThing congenital adrenal hyperplasia Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an inherited endocrine disorder caused by a steroidogenic enzyme deficiency that is characterized by adrenal insufficiency and variable degrees of hyper or hypo androgeny manifestations, depending of the type and the severity of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045023 biolink:NamedThing acquired adrenogenital syndrome An instance of adrenogenital syndrome that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014148 biolink:NamedThing estrogen resistance syndrome Estrogen resistance syndrome is a rare, genetic endocrine disease characterized by estrogen-receptor insensitivity to estrogens and the presence of elevated estrogen and gonadotropin serum levels. Clinical manifestations include absent breast development and primary amenorrhea in association with multicystic ovaries and/or hypoplastic uterus in female patients, normal or abnormal gonadal development in male patients and markedly delayed bone maturation, persistence of open epiphyses, reduced bone mineral density, and variable tall stature in both sexes. Glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and lipid abnormalities may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015770 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare disorder of sexual maturation characterized by gonadotropin (Gn) deficiency with low sex steroid levels associated with low levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019852 biolink:NamedThing inherited primary ovarian failure An instance of primary ovarian failure that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044660 biolink:NamedThing menstrual cycle-dependent periodic fever DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008724 biolink:NamedThing adducted thumbs-arthrogryposis syndrome, Christian type A type of arthrogryposis characterized by congenital cleft palate, microcephaly, craniostenosis and arthrogryposis (limitation of extension of elbows, flexed adducted thumbs, camptodactyly and clubfeet). Additional features include facial dysmorphism ("myopathic" stiff face, antimongoloid slanting, external ophthalmoplegia, telecanthus, low-set large malrotated ears, open mouth, mierogenia and high arched palate). Velopharyngeal insufficiency with difficulties in swallowing, increased secretion of the nose and throat, prominent occiput, generalized muscular hypotonia with mild cyanosis and no spontaneous movements, seizures, torticollis, areflexia, intellectual disability, hypertrichosis of the lower extremities, and scleredema (in the first days of life) are also observed. The disease often leads to early death. Transmission is autosomal recessive. No new cases of adducted thumbs-arthrogryposis, Christian type have been described since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008823 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 2, neurogenic type Neurogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a form of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita characterized by congenital immobility of the limbs with fixation of multiple joints and muscle wasting. This condition is secondary to neurogenic muscular atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008824 biolink:NamedThing fetal akinesia deformation sequence Fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS) is a condition characterized by decreased fetal movement (fetal akinesia) as well as intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), multiple joint contractures (arthrogryposis), facial anomalies, underdevelopment of the lungs (pulmonary hypoplasia) and other developmental abnormalities. It is generally accepted that this condition is not a true diagnosis or a specific syndrome, but rather a description of a group of abnormalities resulting from fetal akinesia. About 30% of affected individuals are stillborn; many liveborn infants survive only a short time due to complications of pulmonary hypoplasia. FADS may be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner in some cases and may sometimes be caused by mutations in the RAPSN or DOK7 genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008825 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita-whistling face syndrome Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita-whistling face syndrome is an extremely rare type of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita characterized by the combination of multiple joint contractures with movement limitation, microstomia with a whistling appearance of the mouth that may cause feeding, swallowing, and speech difficulties, a distinctive expressionless facies, severe developmental delay, central and autonomous nervous system dysfunction (excessive salivation, temperature instability, myoclonic epileptic fits, bradycardia), occasionally Pierre-Robin sequence, and lethality generally occurring during the first months of life. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita-whistling face syndrome has been suggested to be a fetal akinesia deformation sequence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008826 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis-hyperkeratosis syndrome, lethal form Arthrogryposis-hyperkeratosis syndrome, lethal form is an arthrogryposis syndrome, described in two siblings to date, characterized by the association of multiple congenital joint contractures (of the large joints, fingers and toes) and hyperkeratosis (i.e. thick, scaling and fissured skin), with death occurring in early infancy. There have been no further reports in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009679 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis due to muscular dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010959 biolink:NamedThing van den Ende-Gupta syndrome Van den Ende-Gupta syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by blepharophimosis, arachnodactyly, joint contractures, and characteristic dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012750 biolink:NamedThing lethal arthrogryposis-anterior horn cell disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015241 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis-like syndrome Arthrogryposis-like syndrome, also known as Kuskokwim disease, is a very rare congenital contracture disorder, reported exclusively in Yup'ik Eskimos of the Kuskokwim River delta region of Alaska, characterized by multiple contractures of large joints (predominantly the knees and ankles) that present at birth or during childhood but are lifelong; deformities of the spine, pelvis and feet; and sometimes proximally or distally displaced patellae and muscle atrophy in the limbs with contractures. Additional radiological features include mild vertebral wedging, elongation of the vertebral pedicle, and clubbing of the distal clavicle. An autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017049 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelination neuropathy-arthrogryposis syndrome Hypomyelination neuropathy-arthrogryposis syndrome is a rare, genetic, limb malformation syndrome characterized by multiple congenital distal joint contractures (incl. talipes equinovarus and both proximal and distal interphalangeal joint contractures of the hands) and very severe motor paralysis at birth (i.e. lack of swallowing, autonomous respiratory function and deep tendon reflexes), leading to death within first 3 months of life. Fetal hypo- or akinesia, late-onset polyhydramnios and dramatically reduced, or absent, motor nerve conduction velocities (<10 m/s) are frequently associated. Nerve ultrastructural morphology shows severe abnormalities of the nodes of Ranvier and myelinated axons. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017892 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive myogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita Autosomal recessive myogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a rare inherited neuromuscular disease characterized by prenatal presentation (usually in the second trimester) of reduced fetal movements and abnormal positioning resulting in joint abnormalities that may involve both lower and upper extremities and is usually symmetric, severe hypotonia at birth with bilateral club foot, motor development delay, mild facial weakness without opthalmoplegia, absent deep tendon reflexes, normal motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities, no cerebellar or pyramidal involvement, and progressive disease course with loss of ambulation after the first decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025445 biolink:NamedThing Wieacker-Wolff syndrome (spectrum) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030281 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032778 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 3, myogenic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032903 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 4, neurogenic, with agenesis of the corpus callosum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043143 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia microtia fetal akinesia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044682 biolink:NamedThing MYBPC1-related autosomal recessive non-lethal arthrogryposis multiplex congenita syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060486 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 1, neurogenic, with myelin defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100218 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005144 biolink:NamedThing familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis An instance of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008408 biolink:NamedThing scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008891 biolink:NamedThing riboflavin transporter deficiency A progressive motor neuron disorder characterized by respiratory insufficiency, sensorineural deafness and progressive ponto-bulbar palsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010735 biolink:NamedThing Kennedy disease Kennedy's disease, also known as bulbospinal muscular atrophy (BSMA), is a rare X-linked recessive motor neuron disease characterized by proximal and bulbar muscle wasting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010869 biolink:NamedThing motor neuron disease with dementia and ophthalmoplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016759 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2 (PCH2) is the most common subtype of pontocerebellar hypoplasia characterized by neonatal onset and a lack of voluntary motor development and later progressive microencephaly, generalized clonus, development of chorea and spasticity. The majority of patients will not reach puberty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018155 biolink:NamedThing lateral sclerosis Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is an idiopathic non-familial motor neuron disease characterized by slowly progressive upper motor neuron dysfunction leading to spasticity, mild weakness in voluntary muscle movement, hyperreflexia, and loss of motor speech production. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100227 biolink:NamedThing ALS2-related motor neuron disease Any motor neuron disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000210 biolink:NamedThing thiopurine metabolic disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000214 biolink:NamedThing hypermanganesemia with dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000816 biolink:NamedThing abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002273 biolink:NamedThing plasma protein metabolism disease An inherited metabolic disorder that involves plasma protein metabolism malfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002561 biolink:NamedThing lysosomal storage disease A metabolic disorder caused by mutations in proteins critical for lysosomal function, including lysosomal enzymes, lysosomal integral membrane proteins, and proteins involved in the post-translational modification and trafficking of lysosomal proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004689 biolink:NamedThing inborn metal metabolism disorder An inherited metabolic disorder that involves metabolic disturbances in the processing or distribution of dietary minerals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004736 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of amino acid metabolism An inherited disorder that affects the metabolism of the amino acids. Representative examples include alkaptonuria, homocystinuria, tyrosinemia, and phenylketonuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005528 biolink:NamedThing inborn vitamin metabolic disorder An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of vitamin metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007319 biolink:NamedThing chondrocalcinosis 2 A chronic inherited arthropathy characterized by chondrocalcinosis (CC; i.e. cartilage calcification), often associated with recurrent acute calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal arthritis and polyarticular osteoarthritis (OA). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008046 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant myoglobinuria Autosomal dominant myoglobinuria is a rare metabolic myopathy characterized by episodic myalgia with myoglobinuria which is induced by fever, viral or bacterial infection, prolonged exercise or alcohol abuse, and could, on occasion, lead to acute renal failure. Between episodes, patients may be asymptomatic or could present elevated creatine kinase levels and mild muscle weakness. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008369 biolink:NamedThing proximal renal tubular acidosis Proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA) is a tubular kidney disease characterized by impaired ability of the proximal tubule to reabsorb bicarbonate from the glomerular filtrate leading to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009113 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia due to diphosphoglycerate mutase deficiency A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the BPGM gene. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010142 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism due to TSH receptor mutations Hypothyroidism due to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor mutations is a type of primary congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid hormone deficiency that is present from birth due to thyroid resistance to TSH. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010720 biolink:NamedThing partial androgen insensitivity syndrome Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) is a disorder of sex development (DSD) distinct from complete AIS (CAIS) characterized by the presence of abnormal genital development in a 46,XY individual with normal testis development and partial responsiveness to age-appropriate levels of androgens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011268 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular acidosis, distal, 3, with or without sensorineural hearing loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013534 biolink:NamedThing apolipoprotein c-III deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013539 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia-failure to thrive-microcephaly syndrome Leukotriene C4 synthase deficiency is an extremely rare fatal neurometabolic developmental disorder characterized clinically by muscular hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, failure to thrive, and microcephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013601 biolink:NamedThing gluthathione peroxidase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015286 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation Congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) is a fast growing group of inborn errors of metabolism characterized by defective activity of enzymes that participate in glycosylation (modification of proteins and other macromolecules by adding and processing of oligosaccharide side chains). CDG is comprised of phenotypically diverse disorders affecting multiple systems including the central nervous system, muscle function, immunity, endocrine system, and coagulation. The numerous entities in this group are subdivided, based on the synthetic pathway affected, into disorder of protein N-glycosylation, disorder of protein O-glycosylation, disorder of multiple glycosylation, and disorder of glycosphingolipid and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor glycosylation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015967 biolink:NamedThing monogenic diabetes Diabetes mellitus that is caused by mutations in a single gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016390 biolink:NamedThing familial hypoparathyroidism A rare heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders characterized by abnormal calcium metabolism due to deficient secretion of parathormone (PTH), without other endocrine disorders or developmental defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017290 biolink:NamedThing familial intrahepatic cholestasis An instance of intrahepatic cholestasis that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017739 biolink:NamedThing disorder of lysosomal-related organelles DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017754 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of porphyrin metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017757 biolink:NamedThing disorder of metabolite absorption and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018458 biolink:NamedThing familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is a generally asymptomatic genetic disorder of phosphocalcic metabolism characterized by lifelong moderate hypercalcemia along with normo- or hypocalciuria and elevated plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018634 biolink:NamedThing hereditary amyloidosis Hereditary amyloidosis refers to a group of inherited conditions that make up one of the subtypes of amyloidosis. Hereditary amyloidosisis characterized by the deposit of an abnormal protein called amyloid in multiple organs of the body where it should not be, which causes disruption of organ tissue structure and function. In hereditary amyloidosis, amyloid deposits most often occur in tissues of the heart, kidneys, and nervous system. While symptoms of hereditary amyloidosis may appear in childhood, most individuals do not experience symptoms until adulthood. There are many types of hereditary amyloidosis associated with different gene mutations and abnormal proteins. The most common type of hereditary amyloidosis is transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR),a condition in which the amyloid deposits are most often made up of the transthyretin protein which is made in the liver. Other examplesof hereditary amyloidosis include, but are not limited to, apolipoprotein AI amyloidosis (A ApoAI), gelsolin amyloidosis (A Gel), lysozyme amyloidosis (A Lys), cystatin C amyloidosis (A Cys), fibrinogen Aα-chain amyloidosis (A Fib), and apolipoprotein AII amyloidosis (A ApoAII). Most types of hereditary amyloidosis are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Treatment is focused on addressing symptoms of organ damage and slowing down the production of amyloid when possible through methods such as liver transplants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018891 biolink:NamedThing familial tumoral calcinosis Tumoral calcinosis is a phosphocalcic metabolism anomaly, particularly among younger age groups and characterized by the presence of calcified masses in the juxta-articular regions (hip, elbow, ankle and scapula) without joint involvement. Histologically, lesions dysplay collagen necrobiosis, followed by cyst formation and a foreign-body response with calcification Two forms of tumoral calcinosis have been described: normocalcemic tumoral calcinosis and familial tumoral calcinosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019189 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of amino acid and other organic acid metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019214 biolink:NamedThing inborn carbohydrate metabolic disorder An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of carbohydrate metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019243 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of energy metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of generation of precursor metabolites and energy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019250 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of biogenic amine metabolism and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019254 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of purine or pyrimidine metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019688 biolink:NamedThing sulfation-related bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020504 biolink:NamedThing genetic recurrent myoglobinuria Genetic recurrent myoglobinuria is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by abnormal urinary excretion of myoglobin due to acute destruction of skeletal muscle fibers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021190 biolink:NamedThing DNA repair disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of DNA repair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022330 biolink:NamedThing 4-hydroxyphenylacetic aciduria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022333 biolink:NamedThing 5-nucleotidase syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022468 biolink:NamedThing antigen-peptide-transporter 2 deficiency An inborn errors of metabolism disorder caused by homozygosity for mutations in the TAP2 gene. It is characterizeed by nonhealing, chronic, ulcerative granulomatous leg lesions combined with recurrent otitis media and sinopulmonary infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022481 biolink:NamedThing APO A-i deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022655 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy hypogonadism metabolic anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022795 biolink:NamedThing deficiency of coenzyme q cytochrome c reductase DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022949 biolink:NamedThing defective apolipoprotein b-100 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022953 biolink:NamedThing delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase deficiency A disease that has its basis in the disruption of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030982 biolink:NamedThing sulfide quinone oxidoreductase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031376 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of deglycosylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032766 biolink:NamedThing hypoalphalipoproteinemia, primary, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032773 biolink:NamedThing uridine-cytidineuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043077 biolink:NamedThing weinstein kliman scully syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043875 biolink:NamedThing tumor lysis syndrome A condition of metabolic abnormalities that result from a spontaneous or therapy-related cytolysis of tumor cells. Tumor lysis syndrome typically occurs in aggressive, rapidly proliferating lymphoproliferative disorders. Burkitt lymphoma and T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia are commonly associated with this syndrome. Metabolic abnormalities include hyperuricemia, lactic acidosis, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia and may result in renal failure, multiple organ failure, and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045010 biolink:NamedThing glycoprotein metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of glycoprotein metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045046 biolink:NamedThing inherited thyroid metabolism disease An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of thyroid hormone metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100280 biolink:NamedThing Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100365 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis or mucopolysaccharidosis-like disorder Any disease that presents as a mucopolysaccharidosis or mucopolysaccharidosis-like disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100473 biolink:NamedThing disorder of peptide and amine metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that has its basis in the disruption of peptide and/or amine metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800124 biolink:NamedThing Lane Hamilton syndrome A rare concurrent association of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and celiac disease, and is typically seen in children under the age of 15. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000211 biolink:NamedThing striatal degeneration, autosomal dominant An adult-onset movement disorder characterized by bradykinesia, dysarthria and muscle rigidity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010080 biolink:NamedThing familial infantile bilateral striatal necrosis The familial form of infantile bilateral striatal necrosis (IBSN), a syndrome of bilateral symmetric spongy degeneration of the caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus characterized by developmental regression, choreoathetosis and dystonia progressing to spastic quadriparesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014889 biolink:NamedThing striatonigral degeneration, childhood-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001566 biolink:NamedThing hypercalcemia disease Abnormally high concentration of calcium in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043455 biolink:NamedThing humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy Hypercalcemia generally develops as a late complication of malignancy; its appearance has grave prognostic significance. It remains unclear, however, whether death is associated with hypercalcemic crisis (uncontrolled or recurrent progressive hypercalcemia) or with advanced disease. Symptoms include central nervous system impairment such as delirium with prominent symptoms of personality change, cognitive dysfunction, disorientation, incoherent speech, and psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, smooth muscle hypotonicity, and altered cardiovascular function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005151 biolink:NamedThing endocrine system disorder A disease involving the endocrine system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000569 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of endocrine system A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the endocrine system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001223 biolink:NamedThing parathyroid gland disorder A disease involving the parathyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002082 biolink:NamedThing endocrine gland neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells of an endocrine organ. Representative examples include pituitary gland adenoma, pituitary gland carcinoma, thyroid gland carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, and neuroendocrine carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002356 biolink:NamedThing pancreas disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the pancreas. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include pancreatitis and pancreatic insufficiency. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include cystadenomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, and neuroendocrine neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003240 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland disorder A disease involving the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003393 biolink:NamedThing thymus gland disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the thymus. Representative examples include thymic hyperplasia, thymoma, and thymic carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005154 biolink:NamedThing liver disorder A disease involving the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005495 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland disorder A disease involving the adrenal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005803 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia An inherited autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by the disorganized formation of new islets in the pancreas and congenital hyperinsulinism. It is due to focal hyperplasia of pancreatic islet cells budding off from the ductal structures and forming new islets of langerhans. Mutations in the islet cells involve the potassium channel gene kcnj11 or the atp-binding cassette transporter gene abcc8, both on chromosome 11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006322 biolink:NamedThing non-neoplastic bile duct disorder A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. Representative examples include cholangitis and biliary atresia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006743 biolink:NamedThing endocrine tuberculosis Infection of the endocrine glands with species of mycobacterium, most often mycobacterium tuberculosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008915 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy-hypergonadotropic hypogonadism syndrome A syndrome is characterized by the association of dilated cardiomyopathy and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (DCM-HH). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009416 biolink:NamedThing hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia and body hemihypertrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013673 biolink:NamedThing Wolfram-like syndrome Wolfram-like syndrome is a rare endocrine disease characterized by the triad of adult-onset diabetes mellitus, progressive hearing loss (usually presenting in the first decade of life and principally of low to moderate frequencies), and/or juvenile-onset optic atrophy. Psychiatric (i.e. anxiety, depression, hallucinations) and sleep disorders, the only neurologic abnormalities observed in this disease, have been reported in rare cases. Unlike Wolfram syndrome, patients with Wolfram-like syndrome do not report endocrine or cardiac findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015126 biolink:NamedThing polyendocrinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015127 biolink:NamedThing pituitary deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015514 biolink:NamedThing genetic endocrine growth disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015663 biolink:NamedThing diencephalic syndrome Diencephalic syndrome (DS) is a rare condition characterized by profound emaciation and failure to thrive (with normal caloric intake and normal linear growth), hyperalertness, hyperkinesias and euphoria, in the presence of hypothalamic tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016554 biolink:NamedThing neonatal iodine exposure A rare endocrine disease characterized by the appearance of transient hypothyroidism, usually in preterm newborns, following long or short-term topical iodine exposure. Parenteral exposure from iodinated contrast agents may similarly alter thyroid funtion in term neonates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017322 biolink:NamedThing disorders of vitamin D metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017581 biolink:NamedThing familial infantile gigantism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017808 biolink:NamedThing duplication of the pituitary gland DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018124 biolink:NamedThing Oncogenic osteomalacia Oncogenic osteomalacia is characterized by the development of a tumor that causes the bones to be weakened. This occurs when a tumor secretes a substance called fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). FGF23 inhibits the ability of the kidneys to absorb phosphate. Phosphate is important for keeping bones strong and healthy. Therefore, this disease is characterized by a softening and weakening of the bones (osteomalacia). The disease also results in multiple biochemical abnormalities including high levels of phosphate in the urine (hyperphosphaturia) and low levels of phosphate in the blood (hypophosphatemia). The majority of tumors that cause oncogenic osteomalacia are small and slow-growing. These tumors most commonly occur in the skin, muscles, or bones of the extremities or in the paranasal sinuses around the head. Most of these tumors are benign, meaning they are not associated with cancer. The exact reason that the tumors associated with oncogenic osteomalacia develop is not known. The disease is diagnosed when a person experiences clinical features such as bone weakening and hyperphosphaturia and a tumor is found by imaging of the body. Treatment of the disease consists of surgical removal of the tumor. The symptoms of the disease, including the weakening of the bones, typically resolve once the tumor is removed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018620 biolink:NamedThing hypothalamic adipsic hypernatraemia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019155 biolink:NamedThing Leydig cell hypoplasia A condition in males that affects sexual development. It is characterized by underdevelopment of the Leydig cells, which are cells in the testes that secrete male sex hormones (androgens) and are important for male sexual development. Individuals with LCH have a typical male genetic make-up (46, XY), but due to lowered levels of androgens, may have a range of genital (reproductive organ) differences. Individuals with LCH may have a small penis (micropenis),the opening of the urethra may be located on the underside of the penis (hypospadias), or the scrotum may be divided into two halves (bifid scrotum). Given these differences in development, the external genitalia may not appear clearly male or female (ambiguous genitalia). Some individuals with LCH can have female external genitalia and small testes that have not descended and are located in the pelvis, abdomen, or groin. This may be referred to as type 1, whereas less severe cases might be called type 2. LCH is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and is caused by mutations in the LHCGR gene.Although there is no specific treatment or cure for LCH, there may be ways to manage the symptoms. A team of doctors or specialists is often needed to figure out the treatment options for each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100070 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine disorder A disease or disorder that affects the neuroendocrine gland, any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and that release hormones in response to neural stimuli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800378 biolink:NamedThing 17,20-lyase deficiency, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800379 biolink:NamedThing 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency, combined complete DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800380 biolink:NamedThing 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency, combined partial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019743 biolink:NamedThing nephropathy secondary to a storage or other metabolic disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002413 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease I Glycogenosis due to glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) deficiency or glycogen storage disease, (GSD), type 1, is a group of inherited metabolic diseases, including types a and b, and characterized by poor tolerance to fasting, growth retardation and hepatomegaly resulting from accumulation of glycogen and fat in the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002474 biolink:NamedThing primary hyperoxaluria A hereditary disorder characterized by excessive oxalate production, leading to hyperoxaluria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009066 biolink:NamedThing juvenile nephropathic cystinosis Nephropathic juvenile cystinosis is the intermediate form, in regards to severity and age of onset, of cystinosis, a metabolic disease characterized by an accumulation of cystine inside the lysosomes that causes damage in different organs and tissues, particularly in the kidneys and eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009249 biolink:NamedThing hereditary fructose intolerance Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is an autosomal recessive disorder of fructose metabolism, resulting from a deficiency of hepatic fructose-1-phosphate aldolase activity and leading to gastrointestinal disorders and postprandial hypoglycemia following fructose ingestion. HFI is a benign condition when treated, but it is life-threatening and potentially fatal if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009853 biolink:NamedThing Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome (IGS) or selective vitamin B12 (cobalamin) malabsorption with proteinuria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by vitamin B12 deficiency commonly resulting in megaloblastic anemia, which is responsive to parenteral vitamin B12 therapy and appears in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010395 biolink:NamedThing phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase superactivity is an X-linked disorder of purine metabolism associated with hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria, comprised of two forms: an early-onset severe form characterized by gout, urolithiasis, and neurodevelopmental anomalies (severe PRPP synthetase superactivity) and a mild late-onset form with no neurologic involvement (mild PRPP synthetase superactivity). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011342 biolink:NamedThing SLC35A1-congenital disorder of glycosylation SLC35A1-CDG is an extremely rare form of CDG syndrome characterized clinically in the single reported case by repeated hemorrhagic incidents, including severe pulmonary hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011969 biolink:NamedThing ALG8-congenital disorder of glycosylation A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation that is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting, feeding problems with failure to thrive, protein-losing enteropathy), edema and ascites (including hydrops fetalis), hepatomegaly, renal tubulopathy, coagulation anomalies due to thrombocytopenia, brain involvement (psychomotor delay, seizures, ataxia), facial dysmorphism (low-set ears and retrognathia), pes equinovarus, and muscular hypotonia. Cataracts may also be observed. Prognosis is usually poor. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene ALG8 (11q14.1), resulting in a block in the initial step of protein glycosylation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012786 biolink:NamedThing juvenile cataract-microcornea-renal glucosuria syndrome Juvenile cataract - microcornea - renal glucosuria is an extremely rare autosomal dominant association reported in a single Swiss family and characterized clinically by juvenile cataract associated with bilateral microcornea, and renal glucosuria without other renal tubular defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013282 biolink:NamedThing alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency is a hereditary disease that develops in adulthood and is characterized by chronic liver disorders (cirrhosis), respiratory disorders (emphysema), and rarely panniculitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013869 biolink:NamedThing adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive (AR) disorder characterized by the formation and hyperexcretion of 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (2,8-DHA) in urine, causing urolithiasis and crystalline nephropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016088 biolink:NamedThing hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency is a hereditary disorder of purine metabolism associated with uric acid overproduction and a continuum spectrum of neurological manifestations depending on the degree of the enzyme deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017214 biolink:NamedThing vitamin B12-responsive methylmalonic acidemia Vitamin B12-responsive methylmalonic acidemia (MA) is an inborn error of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism characterized by recurrent ketoacidotic comas or transient vomiting, dehydration, hypotonia and intellectual deficit, which responds to vitamin B12. There are three types: cblA, cblB and cblD-variant 2 (cblDv2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018106 biolink:NamedThing hereditary xanthinuria Hereditary xanthinuria is a purine metabolism disorder due to inherited deficiency of the xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase enzyme and is characterized by very low (or undetectable) concentrations of uric acid in blood and urine and very high concentration of xanthine in urine, leading to urolithiasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018116 biolink:NamedThing galactosemia Galactosemia is a group of rare genetic metabolic disorders characterized by impaired galactose metabolism resulting in a range of variable manifestations encompassing a severe, life-threatening disease (classic galactosemia), a rare mild form (galactokinase deficiency) causing cataract, and a very rare form with variable severity (galactose epimerase deficiency) resembling classic galactosemia in the severe form. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018467 biolink:NamedThing nephropathic infantile cystinosis Nephropathic infantile cystinosis is the most common and severe form of cystinosis, a metabolic disease characterized by an accumulation of cystine inside the lysosomes that causes damage in different organs and tissues, particularly in the kidneys and eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018999 biolink:NamedThing LCAT deficiency LCAT (lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase) deficiency is a rare lipoprotein metabolism disorder characterized clinically by corneal opacities, and sometimes renal failure and hemolytic anemia, and biochemically by severely reduced HDL cholesterol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000608 biolink:NamedThing familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001549 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic-uremic syndrome Acute kidney injury associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002350 biolink:NamedThing familial nephrotic syndrome An instance of nephrotic syndrome that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003008 biolink:NamedThing hereditary renal cell carcinoma An instance of renal cell carcinoma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003321 biolink:NamedThing hereditary Wilms tumor Familial embryonal neoplasm derived from nephrogenic blastemal cells. Several lines of differentiation, including blastemal, stromal and epithelial, are usually expressed. Comprises approximately 1% of Wilms tumors. (AFIP fascicle version 2.0) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003824 biolink:NamedThing hereditary kidney oncocytoma An inherited condition characterized by the development of kidney oncocytomas which are often bilateral and multifocal. This condition may be connected to Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005334 biolink:NamedThing hereditary nephritis A group of inherited conditions characterized initially by hematuria and slowly progressing to renal insufficiency. The most common form is the Alport syndrome (hereditary nephritis with hearing loss) which is caused by mutations in genes for type IV collagen and defective glomerular basement membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005363 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis A renal disorder characterized by sclerotic lesions in the glomeruli. Causes include drugs, viruses, and malignancies (lymphomas), or it may be idiopathic. It presents with asymptomatic proteinuria or nephritic syndrome and it may lead to renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007099 biolink:NamedThing familial visceral amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007450 biolink:NamedThing neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus Hereditary central diabetes insipidus is a rare genetic subtype of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) characterized by polyuria and polydipsia due to a deficiency in vasopressin (AVP) synthesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007671 biolink:NamedThing fibronectin glomerulopathy A hereditary kidney disease characterized by proteinuria, type IV renal tubular acidosis, microscopic hematuria and hypertension that may lead to end-stage renal failure in the second to sixth decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008633 biolink:NamedThing Muckle-Wells syndrome Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) is an intermediate form of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) and is characterized by recurrent fever (with malaise and chills), recurrent urticaria-like skin rash, sensorineural deafness, general signs of inflammation (eye redness, headaches, arthralgia/myalgia) and potentially life-threatening secondary amyloidosis (AA type). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008641 biolink:NamedThing retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations An inherited group of small vessel diseases comprised of cerebroretinal vasculopathy (CRV), hereditary vascular retinopathy (HRV) and hereditary endotheliopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy and stroke (HERNS); all exhibiting progressive visual impairment as well as variable cerebral dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009515 biolink:NamedThing Norum disease A form of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency (LCAT) characterized clinically by corneal opacities, hemolytic anemia, and renal failure, and biochemically by severely decreased HDL cholesterol and complete deficiency of the LCAT enzyme. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009609 biolink:NamedThing methylcobalamin deficiency type cblG Methylcobalamin deficiency cbl G type is a rare condition that occurs when the body is unable to process certain amino acids (building blocks of protein) properly. In most cases, signs and symptoms develop during the first year of life; however, the age of onset can range from infancy to adulthood. Common features of the condition include feeding difficulties, lethargy, seizures, poor muscle tone (hypotonia), developmental delay, microcephaly (unusually small head size), and megaloblastic anemia. Methylcobalamin deficiency cbl G type is caused by changes (mutations) in the MTR gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment generally includes regular doses of hydroxycobalamin (vitamin B12). Some affected people may also require supplementation with folates and betaine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009970 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular dysgenesis of genetic origin An instance of renal tubular dysgenesis that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010122 biolink:NamedThing congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is the hereditary form of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) characterized by profound peripheral thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and single or multiple organ failure of variable severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011399 biolink:NamedThing alpha thalassemia Alpha-thalassemia is an inherited hemoglobinopathy characterized by impaired synthesis of alpha-globin chains leading to a variable clinical picture depending on the number of affected alleles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012190 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome - deafness - pretibial epidermolysis bullosa syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013743 biolink:NamedThing autosomal systemic lupus erythematosus type 16 An instance of systemic lupus erythematosus (disease) that is caused by mutations in DNASE1L3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013881 biolink:NamedThing congenital nephrotic syndrome - interstitial lung disease - epidermolysis bullosa syndrome Congenital nephrotic syndrome-interstitial lung disease-epidermolysis bullosa syndrome is a life-threatening multiorgan disorder which develops in the first months of life, presenting with respiratory distress and proteinuria in the nephrotic range, and leading to severe interstitial lung disease and renal failure. Some patients additionally display cutaneous alterations, ranging from blistering and skin erosions to an epidermolysis bullosa-like phenotype, with toe nail dystrophy and sparse hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015512 biolink:NamedThing genetic hypertension An instance of hypertension that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015962 biolink:NamedThing inherited renal tubular disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018088 biolink:NamedThing familial Mediterranean fever Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent short episodes of fever and serositis resulting in pain in the abdomen, chest, joints and muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018470 biolink:NamedThing renal agenesis Renal agenesis (RA) is a form of renal tract malformation characterized by the complete absence of development of one or both kidneys (unilateral RA or bilateral RA respectively), accompanied by absent ureter(s). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019719 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of kidney and urinary tract A urinary system disease characterized by structural malformations in the kidney and/or urinary tract containing vesicoureteral reflux. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019741 biolink:NamedThing familial cystic renal disease An instance of cystic kidney disease that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022409 biolink:NamedThing nephropathy-associated ciliopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024633 biolink:NamedThing hypertensive nephropathy Kidney damage that results from chronically elevated blood pressure; complications include glomerular damage resulting in proteinuria and hematuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007179 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease A disorder resulting from loss of function or tissue destruction of an organ or multiple organs, arising from humoral or cellular immune responses of the individual to their own tissue constituents. It may be systemic (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus), or organ specific, (e.g., thyroiditis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000586 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of exocrine system A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the exocrine system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000587 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease of ear, nose and throat An autoimmune form of otorhinolaryngologic disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000588 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of gastrointestinal tract A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the alimentary part of gastrointestinal system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000589 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of musculoskeletal system A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the musculoskeletal system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000602 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of blood A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000603 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of cardiovascular system A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the cardiovascular system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001553 biolink:NamedThing phacolytic glaucoma An abnormal condition characterized by an acute autoimmune reaction of the eye. It is caused by hypersensitivity of the eye to the protein of the crystalline lens and commonly follows trauma to the crystalline lens or cataract surgery. Associated symptoms include swelling and inflammation of the eye, severe pain, and blurred vision. The substance of the lens is invaded by polymorphonuclear cells and mononuclear phagocytes. Accurate diagnosis must differentiate between this condition and infectious endophthalmitis. Therapy is supportive and commonly includes the administration of corticosteroids and atropine. Refractory cases may require surgical removal of the lens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001629 biolink:NamedThing Jaccoud syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002459 biolink:NamedThing type IV hypersensitivity disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of type IV hypersensitivity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002977 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of the nervous system A disorder characterized by the degeneration of the nervous system due to autoimmunity. Representative examples include multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and myasthenia gravis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004586 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid lung disease Rheumatoid lung disease is a group of lung problems related to rheumatoid arthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004670 biolink:NamedThing lupus erythematosus An autoimmune, connective tissue chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, heart, and the peripheral blood cells. It is more commonly seen in women than men. Variants include discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005435 biolink:NamedThing anti-neutrophil antibody associated vasculitis Group of systemic vasculitis with a strong association with ANCA. The disorders are characterized by necrotizing inflammation of small and medium size vessels, with little or no immune-complex deposits in vessel walls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006704 biolink:NamedThing CNS demyelinating autoimmune disease Conditions characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin (see myelin sheath) in the brain, spinal cord, or optic nerves secondary to autoimmune mediated processes. This may take the form of a humoral or cellular immune response directed toward myelin or oligodendroglia associated autoantigens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007004 biolink:NamedThing type III hypersensitivity disease Group of diseases mediated by the deposition of large soluble complexes of antigen and antibody with resultant damage to tissue. Besides serum sickness and the arthus reaction, evidence supports a pathogenic role for immune complexes in many other immune system diseases including glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus erythematosus, systemic) and polyarteritis nodosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008523 biolink:NamedThing Blau syndrome Blau syndrome (BS) is a rare systemic inflammatory disease characterized by early onset granulomatous arthritis, uveitis and skin rash. BS now refers to both the familial and sporadic (formerly early-onset sarcoidosis) form of the same disease. The proposed term pediatric granulomatous arthritis is currently questioned since it fails to represent the systemic nature of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008661 biolink:NamedThing vitiligo Generalized well circumscribed patches of leukoderma that are generally distributed over symmetric body locations and is due to autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009303 biolink:NamedThing anti-glomerular basement membrane disease An autoimmune disease that affects the lungs and kidneys and is characterized by pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage (bleeding in the lungs) and a kidney disease known as glomerulonephritis. Some use the term 'Goodpasture syndrome' for the findings of glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage and the term 'Goodpasture disease' for those patients with glomerulonephritis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and anti-GBM antibodies. Currently, the preferred term for both conditions is “ anti-GBM antibody disease ”. Circulating antibodies are directed against the collagen of the part of the kidney known as the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), resulting in acute or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Antibodies also attack the collagen of the air sacs of the lung (alveoli) resulting in bleeding of the lung (pulmonary hemorrhage). Symptoms may include general body discomfort or pain, bleeding from the nose and/or blood in the urine, respiratory problems, anemia, chest pain, and kidney failure. Anti-GBM disease is thought to result from an environmental insult (smoking, infections, exposure to certain drugs) in a person with genetic susceptibility, such as a specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type. Diagnosis is confirmed with the presence of anti-GBM antibody in the blood or in the kidney. The treatment of choice is plasmapheresis in conjunction with prednisone and cyclophosphamide. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012579 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterized by the accumulation of a lipoproteinaceous substance in the distal air spaces which positively stains with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016663 biolink:NamedThing overlapping connective tissue disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017286 biolink:NamedThing tempi syndrome TEMPI syndrome is a rare multi-systemic disease characterized by the presence of Telangiectasias, Erythrocytosis with elevated erythropoietin levels, Monoclonal gammopathy, Perinephric-fluid collections, and Intrapulmonary shunting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017287 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related disease A recently described mass-forming lesion that occurs in the pancreas, submandibular glands, lacrimal glands, lymph nodes, and hepatobiliary tract. It is characterized by the presence of marked tissue sclerosis and infiltration by numerous plasma cells. The plasma cells show immunohistochemical staining for IgG4 and the serum IgG4 levels are often increased. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017943 biolink:NamedThing autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018356 biolink:NamedThing secondary neonatal autoimmune disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018702 biolink:NamedThing Castleman-Kojima disease A clinicopathologic variant of multicentric Castleman's disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, ascites (anasarca), microcytic anemia, myelofibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018756 biolink:NamedThing euthyroid Graves orbitopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018830 biolink:NamedThing Kimura disease Kimura disease is a benign and chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, occurring mainly in Asian countries (very rarely in Western countries) and predominantly affecting young men, that usually presents with a solitary or multiple non-tender subcutaneous masses in the head and neck region (in particular the preauricular and submandibular area) and/or generalized painless lymphadenopathy, often with salivary gland involvement. Characteristic laboratory findings include blood eosinophilia and markedly elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. It is often associated with autoinflammatory disorders (i.e. ulcerative colitis, bronchial asthma) and a co-existing renal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019098 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune thrombocytopenia An autoimmune form of thrombocytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019337 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune bullous skin disease An autoimmune disease characterized by blisters on the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019340 biolink:NamedThing scleroderma Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disorder characterized by abnormal hardening of the skin and, sometimes, other organs. It is classified into two main forms: localized scleroderma and systemic sclerosis (SSc), the latter comprising three subsets; diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc), limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) and limited SSc (lSSc). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019390 biolink:NamedThing Susac syndrome Susac syndrome (SS) is a rare disorder characterized by the triad of central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, branch retinal artery occlusions (BRAOs) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). It is presumably due to autoimmune-mediated occlusions of microvessels in the CNS, the retina, and the inner ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019527 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated connective tissue syndrome An autoimmune disorder which does not meet classification criteria used to establish the presence of other well-defined connective tissue diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021952 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune progesterone dermatitis Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis (APD) is primarily characterized by a recurrent skin rash that varies in severity depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. The rash generally appears during the second half of the cycle when levels of the hormone, progesterone, begin to rise and it subsides shortly after menstruation. Although the exact underlying cause of APD is not well understood, it is thought to involve an abnormal immune reaction (autoimmune response) triggered by a woman's own progesterone. Depending on the severity of the condition, treatment may include topical (applied to the skin) medications, systemic corticosteroids, hormone therapy to suppress the production of progesterone, and/or surgical removal of the ovaries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025512 biolink:NamedThing type II hypersensitivity reaction disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of type II hypersensitivity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025513 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune urticaria An autoimmune form of urticaria (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030700 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune glomerulonephritis An autoimmune form of glomerulonephritis (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800138 biolink:NamedThing multisystem autoimmune disease due to IKAROS gain of function An autoimmune disease caused by a loss-of-function variation in the IKZF1/IKAROSgene. Leukocytes of patients exhibited specific defects including impaired IL-2 production by T cells, T helper (TH) skewing toward TH2, low numbers of regulatory T cells (Treg), eosinophilia, and abnormal PC proliferation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800144 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune pulmonary disease due to PD-1 deficiency An autoimmune disease that is characterized by a lack of PD-1 on patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and reduced IFN production in response to mycobacterial stimuli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850102 biolink:NamedThing non-specific autoimmune supratentorial encephalitis with characteristic antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850103 biolink:NamedThing non-specific autoimmune supratentorial encephalitis without characteristic antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850105 biolink:NamedThing non-specific autoimmune brainstem encephalitis with characteristic antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850106 biolink:NamedThing non-specific autoimmune brainstem encephalitis without characteristic antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850108 biolink:NamedThing non-specific autoimmune cerebellar ataxia with characteristic antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850109 biolink:NamedThing non-specific autoimmune cerebellar ataxia without characteristic antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000010 biolink:NamedThing antiphospholipid syndrome A disorder caused by the presence of autoantibodies directed against phospholipids, causing a hypercoaguable state, which may result in blood clots, stroke, heart attack, and in women, significant pregnancy-related complications, including miscarriage and still birth. The syndrome is often associated with other autoimmune disorders, most commonly lupus erythematosus, and infections, including syphilis and Lyme disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001027 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal seminal vesiculitis A gonorrhea that involves the seminal vesicle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001025 biolink:NamedThing seminal vesicle chronic gonorrhea Chronic form of gonococcal seminal vesiculitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000224 biolink:NamedThing acquired carbohydrate metabolism disease An acquired metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of carbohydrate metabolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008295 biolink:NamedThing sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda An instance of porphyria cutanea tarda that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019438 biolink:NamedThing AL amyloidosis AL Amyloidosis is a plasma cell disorder characterized by the aggregation and deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils derived from misfolding of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains usually produced by a plasma cell tumor. It usually presents as primary systemic amyloidosis (PSA) with multiple organ involvement and less frequently as primary localized amyloidosis (PLA) restricted to a single organ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019439 biolink:NamedThing AA amyloidosis Secondary amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis, that complicates chronic inflammatory disorders (mainly rheumatoid arthritis) and is characterized by the aggregation and deposition of amyloid fibrils composed of serum amyloid A protein, an acute phase reactant. Although spleen, suprarenal gland, liver and gut are frequent sites of amyloid deposition, the clinical picture is dominated by renal involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020089 biolink:NamedThing acquired lipodystrophy An instance of lipodystrophy (disease) that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021162 biolink:NamedThing carotenemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021180 biolink:NamedThing acquired xanthinuria Acquired xanthinuria is generally iatrogenic. Allopurinol treatment, administered to block XOR and prevent uric acid overproduction, leads to the accumulation of xanthine. Rarely, in the setting of aggressive chemotherapy with rapid tumor lysis or in patients with HPRT deficiency on allopurinol therapy, complications of renal failure can develop from xanthine crystal nephropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024301 biolink:NamedThing acquired mineral metabolism disease An instance of mineral metabolism disease that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024305 biolink:NamedThing acquired hyperprolactinemia An instance of hyperprolactinemia (disease) that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024306 biolink:NamedThing acquired lactic acidosis An instance of lactic acidosis that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100244 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by corpuscular hemolytic anemia, bone marrow failure and frequent thrombotic events. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004905 biolink:NamedThing intestinal disaccharidase deficiency Inherited or acquired disorders of sugar metabolism. Deficiencies of lactase, maltase or sucrase-isomaltase usually occur irreversibly and independent of one another. Congenital deficiencies are rare whereas acquired deficiencies are more common and may be seen following intestinal mucosal brush-border injury. Clinical signs include abdominal cramping, bloating, flatulence and diarrhea following dietary intake of lactose, maltose or sucrose. The clinical course leads to malabsorption of disaccharides which has implications for normal growth and development if manifested at an early age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009412 biolink:NamedThing scurvy A condition that develops in people who do not consume an adequate amount of vitamin C in their diet. Although scurvy is relatively rare in the United States, it continues to be a problem in malnourished populations around the world (such as impoverished, underdeveloped third world countries). Early features of the condition include general weakness, fatigue and aching limbs. If left untreated, more serious problems can develop such as anemia, gum disease, and skin hemorrhages. Symptoms generally develop after at least 3 months of severe or total vitamin C deficiency. Scurvy can be cured with vitamin C supplements taken by mouth. Once recovery is complete, dietary modifications to ensure the 'recommended daily intake' of vitamin C is reached will prevent relapse. Except in the case of severe dental disease, permanent damage from scurvy does not usually occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037807 biolink:NamedThing glycerol metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of glycerol metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045015 biolink:NamedThing carbohydrate transport disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of carbohydrate transport. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000225 biolink:NamedThing human monocytic ehrlichiosis A form of ehrlichiosis associated with Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligate intracellular pathogen affecting monocytes and macrophages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004805 biolink:NamedThing leukocyte disorder A disease involving leukocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002211 biolink:NamedThing B cell deficiency A broad classification of disorders where circulating numbers of B lymphocytes are decreased or ineffective. Complement components and the production of antibodies may also be deficient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003785 biolink:NamedThing leukopenia A laboratory test result indicating a decreased number of white blood cells in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004095 biolink:NamedThing B-cell neoplasm A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004380 biolink:NamedThing dendritic cell sarcoma A sarcoma that involves the dendritic cell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005118 biolink:NamedThing human granulocytic ehrlichiosis A tick-borne, infectious disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular bacterium that is typically transmitted to humans by ticks of the Ixodes ricinus species complex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005525 biolink:NamedThing T-cell leukemia A malignant disease of the T-lymphocytes in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005910 biolink:NamedThing phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction Disorders in which phagocytic cells cannot kill ingested bacteria; characterized by frequent recurring infection with formulation of granulomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006188 biolink:NamedThing EBV-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of childhood An Epstein-Barr virus-associated mature T-cell lymphoproliferative group of disorders affecting children. It occurs with increased frequency in Asians and Native Americans. It includes the systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma of childhood and the hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006418 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma An enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma arising from the small intestine, most commonly the jejunum or ileum. Patients usually present with abdominal pain, often associated with intestinal perforation. There is often a history of celiac disease. The lymphoma cells are usually medium-sized to large and form an ulcerating mucosal lesion with invasion of the small intestinal wall. Villous atrophy is present in the adjacent small intestinal mucosa. In a minority of cases the lymphoma cells are medium-sized and form a monomorphic infiltrate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006673 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gland basophil adenoma An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006831 biolink:NamedThing leukostasis A disorder involving the aberrant infiltration and aggregation of leukocytes into the vasculature of the body. Leukostasis is typically detected in the brain and lungs of persons with leukemia. It requires substantial ablative modalities to both reduce the number of cells present and to ensure dispersion of the aggregates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007950 biolink:NamedThing mastocytosis A clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of neoplastic mast cells in one or multiple organs or organ systems. It is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, ranging from cutaneous proliferations which may regress spontaneously, to aggressive neoplasms associated with organ failure and short survival. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008092 biolink:NamedThing hereditary neutrophilia A leukocyte disease characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of lifelong, persistent elevated neutrophil counts primarily consisting of segmented neutrophils that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the CSF3R gene on chromosome 1p34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016974 biolink:NamedThing thymoma type B An epithelial neoplasm arising from the thymus. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It includes thymoma type B1 which is a thymoma of low grade malignant potential, thymoma type B2 which is a thymoma of moderate malignancy, and thymoma type B3 which is also known as well differentiated thymic carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017364 biolink:NamedThing POEMS syndrome POEMS syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by polyradiculoneuropathy (P), organomegaly (O), endocrinopathy (E), clonal plasma cell disorder (M), and skin changes (S). Other features include papilledema, extravascular volume overload, sclerotic bone lesions, thrombocytosis/erythrocytosis, and elevated VEGF levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018310 biolink:NamedThing Langerhans cell histiocytosis Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a systemic disease associated with the proliferation and accumulation (usually in granulomas) of Langerhans cells in various tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019470 biolink:NamedThing aggressive NK-cell leukemia A rare, highly aggressive, Epstein-Barr virus-associated leukemia, also known as aggressive NK-cell leukemia/lymphoma; it may represent the leukemic counterpart of nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas. It affects primarily teenagers and young adults. It is characterized by the systemic proliferation of NK cells in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, liver, and spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019475 biolink:NamedThing subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare cytotoxic cutaneous lymphoma that has been recognized as a distinct subset of peripheral T-cell lymphomas originating and presenting primarily in the subcutaneous fat tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044972 biolink:NamedThing eosinophil disorder A disease or disorder that involves the eosinophil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100004 biolink:NamedThing mast cell activation syndrome A clinically defined disease states with a largely unknown morphological background. Acute mast cell activation (MCA) is commonly seen in allergic reactions and often leads to the clinical signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis. Severe or even life‐threatening MCA may occur when the burden of mast cells is high and/or these cells are in an hyperactivated state. Mastocytosis may be associated with mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016003 biolink:NamedThing ehrlichiosis Human ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis describe a group of acute febrile tick-borne diseases characterized by an overlapping clinical picture that includes fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias, skin eruptions, gastrointestinal symptoms and neurological manifestations. Diseases in this group include human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (HME), human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis (HGA), and human ehrlichiosis ewingii (HEE). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000332 biolink:NamedThing sennetsu fever An ehlrichiosis caused by Neorickettsia sennetsu. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000227 biolink:NamedThing African tick-bite fever DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001195 biolink:NamedThing spotted fever A type of tick-borne disease which presents on the skin caused by bacteria of the genus Rickettsia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000232 biolink:NamedThing Flinders island spotted fever A spotted fever that has material basis in Rickettsia honei, which is transmitted by cayenne ticks (Amblyomma cajennense). The infection has symptom mild spotted fever, has symptom eschar and has symptom adenopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000233 biolink:NamedThing Japanese spotted fever A spotted fever that has material basis in Rickettsia japonica, which is transmitted by ticks (Dermacentor taiwanensis and Haemaphysalis flava). The infection has symptom fever, has symptom eschars, has symptom regional adenopathy, and has symptom rash on extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000234 biolink:NamedThing Rickettsia parkeri spotted fever A spotted fever that has material basis in Rickettsia parkeri, which is transmitted by Gulf Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum). The infection has symptom fever, has symptom headache, has symptom eschar, and has symptom rash. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000331 biolink:NamedThing Rickettsia helvetica spotted fever A disease caused by infection with Rickettsia helvetica. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001118 biolink:NamedThing Queensland tick typhus A spotted fever that has material basis in Rickettsia australis, which is transmitted by ticks (Ixodes holocyclus). The infection has symptom fever, has symptom headache, has symptom myalgia, has symptom maculopapular rash, and has symptom lymphadenopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001154 biolink:NamedThing Siberian tick typhus A spotted fever that has material basis in Rickettsia sibirica, which is transmitted by ticks (Dermacentor nuttalli, Dermacentor marginatus and Haemaphysalis concinna). The infection has symptom fever, has symptom eschar, has symptom regional adenopathy, and has symptom maculopapular rash. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005677 biolink:NamedThing Rickettsia conorii infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019359 biolink:NamedThing Rocky mountain spotted fever Rocky Mountain spotted fever refers to an infection caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsia. This particular bacterium is carried by certain species of ticks and spread to humans through the bites of infected ticks. Signs and symptoms of the condition generally develop approximately 2 to 14 days following the tick bite and may include fever, rash, headache, muscle pain, chills, and/or confusion. Some affected people may also experience diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity, hallucinations, and/or excessive thirst. Most cases occur in the spring and summer and are found in children. Risk factors for developing the conditioninclude recent hiking or exposure to ticks in an area where the disease is known to occur. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is typically treated with antibiotics (such as doxycycline or tetracycline). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019360 biolink:NamedThing rickettsialpox DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019364 biolink:NamedThing pseudotyphus of California Pseudotyphus of California is a rare, flea-borne Rickettsial disease caused by a Rickettsia felis infection. Patients can be asymptomatic or can present with unspecific symptoms (such as fever, headache, generalized maculopapular rash, myalgia, arthralgia and, ocasionally, eschar. lymphadenopathy, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and abdominal pain. Rarely, serious manifestations may occur and include neurological dysfunction (photophobia, hearing loss, and signs of meningitis) and pulmonary compromise. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000229 biolink:NamedThing Indian tick typhus An infectious disease caused by infection with rickettsia conorii subsp. coronorii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000230 biolink:NamedThing Israeli tick typhus An infectious disease caused by infection with rickettsia conorii subsp. israelensis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000231 biolink:NamedThing Far eastern spotted fever DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024472 biolink:NamedThing boutonneuse fever An infectious disease of the Mediterranean area, the Crimea, Africa, and India, caused by infection with rickettsia conorii subsp. coronorii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024473 biolink:NamedThing Astrakhan spotted fever An infectious disease of the Astrakhan region, Chad, Kosovo, caused by infection with rickettsia conorii subsp. caspia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000236 biolink:NamedThing oropharyngeal anthrax A anthrax infection that involves the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001701 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal anthrax An anthrax disease that results in infection located in mucosa of gastrointestinal tract, has material basis in Bacillus anthracis, which is transmitted by ingestion of anthrax-infected meat. The infection has symptom lesions, has symptom vomiting of blood, has symptom severe diarrhea, has symptom loss of appetite. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020592 biolink:NamedThing disorder of pharynx A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the pharynx. Representative examples include pharyngitis and carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001039 biolink:NamedThing tonsillitis Inflammation of the tonsillar tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004821 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the nasopharynx. Representative examples include nasopharyngitis, angiofibroma, and carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005517 biolink:NamedThing pharynx cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the pharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005753 biolink:NamedThing epiglottitis Inflammation of the epiglottis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005906 biolink:NamedThing peritonsillar abscess An abscess that develops in the space surrounding one or both palatine tonsils. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017991 biolink:NamedThing Takayasu arteritis A rare inflammatory large-vessel vasculitis primarily affecting the aorta and its major branches, but also other large vessels, causing stenosis, occlusion, or aneurysm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021250 biolink:NamedThing tonsil neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the tonsil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021358 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of hypopharynx A neoplasm (disease) that involves the hypopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021364 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of oropharynx A neoplasm (disease) that involves the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043424 biolink:NamedThing digestive system infectious disorder A viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infectious process that affects the digestive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000288 biolink:NamedThing polycystic echinococcosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000916 biolink:NamedThing intestinal infectious disease An infectious disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the intestinal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001649 biolink:NamedThing fungal esophagitis Infection of the esophagus caused by fungi, most often candida albicans and candida tropicalis. It usually affects patients with immunodeficiency disorders or diabetes mellitus. Symptoms include dysphagia and pain on swallowing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001832 biolink:NamedThing bacterial esophagitis An acute bacterial infection that affects the esophagus. Symptoms include severe pain on swallowing and retrosternal pain. Endoscopic examination reveals esophageal mucosal ulcerations and pseudomembranous formations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002270 biolink:NamedThing viral gastritis Inflammation of the stomach resulting from viral infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002842 biolink:NamedThing bacterial gastritis Gastritis resulting from bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002843 biolink:NamedThing fungal gastritis Gastritis resulting from fungi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003846 biolink:NamedThing viral esophagitis Viral infection of the esophagus. It often occurs in immunocompromised patients and it is caused by cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex virus. Symptoms include pain on swallowing, fever, and retrosternal burning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004131 biolink:NamedThing anal verrucous carcinoma A large, well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with a cauliflower-like appearance, characterized by the presence of an exophytic and endophytic growth pattern. Morphologically, there is papillomatosis and acanthosis present, however cytologically the neoplastic squamous cells have a benign appearance. Dysplastic changes are minimal. It does not respond to conservative treatment and it is regarded by many authors as an intermediate lesion between condyloma acuminatum and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005116 biolink:NamedThing Whipple disease A systemic infection caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Tropheryma whipplei. It affects the small intestine resulting in malabsorption. Other sites or systems affected by the infection are the joints, central nervous system, and the cardiovascular system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005136 biolink:NamedThing malaria Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds on humans. Infection with malaria parasites may result in a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from absent or very mild symptoms to severe disease and even death. People who get malaria are typically very sick with high fevers, shaking chills, and flu-like illness. In general, malaria is a curable disease if diagnosed and treated promptly and correctly.Treatment depends on many factors including disease severity, the species of malaria parasite causing the infection and the part of the world in which the infection was acquired. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005195 biolink:NamedThing septic peritonitis Septic peritonitis is an inflammatory condition of the peritoneum that occurs secondary to microbial contamination. This clinically important condition has a wide variety of clinical courses as well as high morbidity and mortality due to secondary multiorgan dysfunction. This article reviews the etiology and pathophysiology of this condition and its diagnosis in small animals; a companion article addresses treatment and prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005688 biolink:NamedThing campylobacteriosis Infections with bacteria of the genus campylobacter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005768 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal tuberculosis Tuberculosis that involves any region of the gastrointestinal tract, mostly in the distal ileum and the cecum. In most cases, mycobacterium tuberculosis is the pathogen. Clinical features include abdominal pain; fever; and palpable mass in the ileocecal area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005950 biolink:NamedThing Salmonella gastroenteritis Poisoning caused by ingestion of food harboring species of salmonella. Conditions of raising, shipping, slaughtering, and marketing of domestic animals contribute to the spread of this bacterium in the food supply. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006011 biolink:NamedThing viral hepatitis An acute or chronic inflammation of the liver parenchyma caused by viruses. Representative examples include hepatitis A, B, and C, cytomegalovirus hepatitis, and herpes simplex hepatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006039 biolink:NamedThing infectious colitis A viral or bacterial infectious process affecting the large intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024270 biolink:NamedThing parasitic intestinal disorder Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES, commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. Infections with roundworms (NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also known as HELMINTHIASIS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024459 biolink:NamedThing Aeromonas hydrophila intestinal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024659 biolink:NamedThing colorectal Kaposi sarcoma A Kaposi sarcoma that arises from the colon or rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0400000 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth The presence of excessive bacteria in the small intestine that can result from result from failure of the gastric acid barrier, failure of small intestinal motility, anatomic alterations, or impairment of systemic and local immunity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700051 biolink:NamedThing liver abscess (disease) An abscess that involves the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000239 biolink:NamedThing adiaspiromycosis Adiaspiromycosis is a rare fungal infection in the lung and is caused by inhalation of spores of the saprophytic soil fungus Chrysosporium parvum var crescens (previously known as Emmonsia crescens). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000308 biolink:NamedThing primary systemic mycosis A systemic mycosis that arises from infection in an immunologically normal host. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001215 biolink:NamedThing allescheriosis A primary systemic mycosis that results in systemic fungal infection, has material basis in Pseudallescheria boydii, which results in formation of abscesses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005672 biolink:NamedThing blastomycosis Blastomycosis is a rare infection that may develop when people inhale a fungus called Blastomyces dermatitidis, a fungus that is found in moist soil, particularly where there is rotting vegetation. The fungus enters the body through the lungs, infecting them. The fungus then spreads to other areas of the body.The infection may affect the skin, bones and joints, and other areas. The disease usually affects people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV or who have had an organ transplant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005706 biolink:NamedThing coccidioidomycosis A fungal infection caused by Coccidioides immitis. Affected individuals usually have mild flu-like symptoms. However, pneumonia and systemic involvement with the formation of abscesses may develop as complications of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005894 biolink:NamedThing paracoccidioidomycosis A systemic fungal infection caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis that is most often seen in immunocompromised patients. It affects the mucous membranes, lymph nodes, lungs and bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018312 biolink:NamedThing histoplasmosis A disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. It primarily affects the lungs but can also occur as a disseminated disease that affects additional organs. The acute respiratory disease has symptoms similar to those of a cold or flu and it usually resolves without treatment in healthy individuals. The disseminated form is generally fatal if untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005766 biolink:NamedThing fungal lung infectious disease Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections, usually through hematogenous spread. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000266 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary aspergilloma A aspergillosis that involves the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004549 biolink:NamedThing cork-handlers' disease An extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by inhalation of cork dust containing the antigens produced by the fungus Penicillium glabrum. The symptoms include dyspnea, wheezing cough, fever and asthenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004584 biolink:NamedThing maple bark strippers' lung DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019121 biolink:NamedThing pneumocystosis Human pneumocystosis is caused by an infectious agent, which (after recent nomenclature and taxonomy revisions) is now classed as the fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci. The prevalence is unknown. Pneumocystis jiroveci is an opportunistic infectious agent, developing in immunosuppressed patients. It is an air-borne infection, localised to the lungs. However, extrapulmonary involvement is seen in AIDS patients. The disease manifests progressively with coughing, respiratory problems (dyspnea) and fever, followed by acute respiratory insufficiency and death within a few weeks in untreated cases. The most reliable diagnostic method is bronchoalveolar lavage. The treatment of choice is cotrimoxazole. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000240 biolink:NamedThing invasive aspergillosis An aspergillosis that is a serious fungal infection of the lung with pneumonia caused by Aspergillus, which spreads to other parts of the body through bloodstream in patients with acute leukemia and recipients of tissue transplants. Clinical symptoms include pulmonary nodules and hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002266 biolink:NamedThing malt worker's lung An extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by infection with Aspergillus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000241 biolink:NamedThing Keshan disease A congestive cardiomyopathy caused by a combination of dietary deficiency of selenium and the presence of a mutated strain of Coxsackievirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004994 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy A disease of the heart muscle or myocardium proper. Cardiomyopathies may be classified as either primary or secondary, on the basis of etiology, or on the pathophysiology of the lesion: hypertrophic, dilated, or restrictive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000591 biolink:NamedThing intrinsic cardiomyopathy A cardiomyopathy that is due to abnormalities in heart muscle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002824 biolink:NamedThing extrinsic cardiomyopathy A cardiomyopathy that is not due to abnormalities in heart muscle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005110 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic cardiomyopathy A disease of the heart muscle or myocardium proper whose cause is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005418 biolink:NamedThing non-compaction cardiomyopathy Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is characterized by prominent left ventricular trabeculae and deep inter-trabecular recesses. The myocardial wall is often thickened with a thin, compacted epicardial layer and a thickened endocardial layer. In some patients, LVNC is associated with left ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction, which can be transient in neonates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018084 biolink:NamedThing Uhl anomaly Uhl anomaly is characterized by an almost complete absence of the myocardium in the right ventricle resulting in a thin walled nonfunctional right ventricle manifesting with cardiac arrhythmias and right ventricular failure. Cases of partial absence of right ventricular myocardium which remains asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic until adulthood have also been reported. Patients presenting with complete Uhl anomaly should be considered for cardiac transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019018 biolink:NamedThing Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a recently described acute cardiac syndrome that mimics acute myocardial infarction and is characterized by ischemic chest symptoms, an elevated ST segment on electrocardiogram, and elevated levels of cardiac disease markers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022653 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy due to anthracyclines DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023006 biolink:NamedThing doxorubicin induced cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030701 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune cardiomyopathy An autoimmune form of cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005721 biolink:NamedThing coxsackievirus infectious disease A heterogeneous group of infections produced by coxsackieviruses, including herpangina, aseptic meningitis (meningitis, aseptic), a common-cold-like syndrome, a non-paralytic poliomyelitis-like syndrome, epidemic pleurodynia (pleurodynia, epidemic) and a serious myocarditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005779 biolink:NamedThing hand, foot and mouth disease A clinical syndrome that is usually caused by enterovirus infection, and that is characterized by fever, anorexia, and painful sores in the mouth, distal extremities, and/or other sites, including the buttocks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006873 biolink:NamedThing nutritional deficiency disease A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001296 biolink:NamedThing acquired night blindness An instance of night blindness that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001371 biolink:NamedThing protein-energy malnutrition A nutritional deficit that is caused by inadequate protein or calorie intake. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001860 biolink:NamedThing folic acid deficiency anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004573 biolink:NamedThing ariboflavinosis A dietary deficiency of riboflavin causing a syndrome chiefly marked by cheilitis, angular stomatitis, glossitis associated with a purplish red or magenta-colored tongue that may show fissures, corneal vascularization, dyssebacia, and anemia. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004575 biolink:NamedThing choline deficiency disease A condition produced by a deficiency of choline in animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined deficiency of choline (included in the B vitamin complex) and all other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals. Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006742 biolink:NamedThing endemic goiter Thyroid gland enlargement caused by inadequate dietary iodine intake. It occurs in areas in which the soil lacks iodine compounds or there is low seafood consumption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006844 biolink:NamedThing magnesium deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet, characterized by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and weakness. Symptoms are paresthesias, muscle cramps, irritability, decreased attention span, and mental confusion, possibly requiring months to appear. Deficiency of body magnesium can exist even when serum values are normal. In addition, magnesium deficiency may be organ-selective, since certain tissues become deficient before others. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1936) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006919 biolink:NamedThing potassium deficiency A condition due to decreased dietary intake of potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer in intravenous solutions, or to gastrointestinal loss in diarrhea, chronic laxative abuse, vomiting, gastric suction, or bowel diversion. Severe potassium deficiency may produce muscular weakness and lead to paralysis and respiratory failure. Muscular malfunction may result in hypoventilation, paralytic ileus, hypotension, muscle twitches, tetany, and rhabomyolysis. Nephropathy from potassium deficit impairs the concentrating mechanism, producing polyuria and decreased maximal urinary concentrating ability with secondary polydipsia. (Merck Manual, 16th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010198 biolink:NamedThing Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a brain disorder, due to thiamine deficiency that has been associated with both Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome. The term refers to two different syndromes, each representing a different stage of the disease. Wernicke's encephalopathy represents the 'acute' phase and Korsakoff's syndrome represents the 'chronic' phase. However, they are used interchangeable in many sites. Wernicke's encephalopathy is characterized by confusion, abnormal stance and gait (ataxia), and abnormal eye movements (nystagmus). Korsakoff's syndrome is observed in a small number of patients. It is a type of dementia, characterized by memory loss and confabulation (filling in of memory gaps with data the patient can readily recall) and involvement of the heart, vascular, and nervous system. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome mainly results from chronic alcohol use, but also from dietary deficiencies, prolonged vomiting, eating disorders, systemic diseases (cancer, AIDS, infections), bariatric surgery, transplants, or the effects of chemotherapy. Studies indicate that there may be some genetic predisposition for the disease.Treatment involves supplementing the diet with thiamine. Wernicke encephalopathy is an acute syndrome and requires emergency treatment to prevent death and neurologic complications. In cases where the diagnosis is not confirmed, patients should still be treated while additional evaluations are completed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019975 biolink:NamedThing pellagra Pellagra is a nutritional disorder caused by a deficiency in niacin (vitamin B3) or its precursor (tryptophan) that is mainly observed in Asia and Africa where it is generally due to poor nutrition. It is characterized by dermatitis (symmetrical photodistributed erythema that may be accompanied by vesicles and bullae, and that develops into hyperkeratotic and hyperpigmented skin), gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea), and neuropsychiatric disorders (dementia). It can be life-threatening without a correct management. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024298 biolink:NamedThing vitamin deficiency disorder A disorder that is caused by the deficiency of a vitamin. The deficiency may result from either suboptimal vitamin intake or conditions that prevent the vitamin's use or absorption in the body. Representative examples include beriberi caused by thiamine deficiency, scurvy caused by vitamin C deficiency, and rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000242 biolink:NamedThing tinea barbae A dermatophytosis that involves the beard. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004678 biolink:NamedThing dermatophytosis A common fungal infection of the stratum corneum of the skin, hair, or nails by a dermatophyte. It is characterized by itching, inflammation, redness of the skin, small papular vesicles, central clearing, fissures, scaling, and/or hair loss in the affected area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000243 biolink:NamedThing ectothrix infectious disease A dermatophyte infection of the hair that infects the hair surface. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000244 biolink:NamedThing endothrix infectious disease A dermatophyte infection of the hair that nvade the hair shaft and internalize into the hair cell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001405 biolink:NamedThing dermatophytosis of groin and perianal area Dermatophytosis involving the stratum corneum of the skin of the groin and perianal area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001461 biolink:NamedThing tinea corporis A dermatophyte disease of the glabrous skin, excluding the scalp, beard, face, hands, feet, and groin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001628 biolink:NamedThing tinea unguium A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by dermatophytes; yeasts; or nondermatophyte molds. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001698 biolink:NamedThing tinea profunda A dermatophytosis that involves the deep dermal layers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001699 biolink:NamedThing tinea manuum A dermatophytosis that involves the hands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002967 biolink:NamedThing dermatophytosis of scalp or beard Dermatophytosis involving the stratum corneum of the skin of the scalp and beard area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005984 biolink:NamedThing tinea pedis Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020709 biolink:NamedThing Majocchi granuloma An inflammatory and granulomatous, dermatophytic infection that is classified into two forms, depending on the affected individual’s health situation and clinical picture. The first form is mainly observed in healthy individuals and is defined as a perifollicular, papular form induced by penetrating trauma that is mostly observed in the lower extremities. The second form is granulomatous, related to immunosuppression, seen in a nodular form, and usually appears on the upper extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000253 biolink:NamedThing piedra Either of two diseases resulting from fungal infection of the hair shafts. Black piedra occurs mainly in and on the hairs of the scalp and is caused by Piedraia hortae; white piedra occurs in and on the hairs of the scalp, beard, moustache and genital areas and is caused by Trichosporon species. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001827 biolink:NamedThing white piedra A superficial mycosis due to T beigelii that is characterized by a soft, friable, beige nodule of the distal ends of hair shafts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005669 biolink:NamedThing black piedra A superficial mycosis that is caused by Piedraia hortae and is manifested by a small firm black nodule involving the hair shaft. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000245 biolink:NamedThing tinea imbricata A tinea corporis that results in fungal infection located in skin, has material basis in Trichophyton concentricum, which is characterized by ring-like growth in overlapping circles that may have an autosomal dominant genetic predisposition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000248 biolink:NamedThing dengue shock syndrome A dengue disease that involves the most severe form of dengue fever, has material basis in Dengue virus [NCBITaxon:12637] with four serotypes (Dengue virus 1, 2, 3 and 4), which are transmitted by Aedes mosquito bite. The infection has symptom easy bruising, has symptom blood spots, has symptom bleeding gums, and has symptom nosebleeds. It is accompanied by circulatory collapse, involves hypotension, narrow pulse pressure (less than or equal to 20mm Hg), or frank shock. The shock occurs after two to six days of symptoms, followed by collapse, weak pulse, and blueness around the mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005358 biolink:NamedThing Dengue hemorrhagic fever A serious condition caused by Dengue virus infection. Patients present with an acute febrile illness followed by restlessness, irritability, and bleeding. It may lead to hemorrhagic shock and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000249 biolink:NamedThing secretory diarrhea Watery voluminous diarrhea resulting from an imbalance between ion and water secretion and absorption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001673 biolink:NamedThing diarrheal disease The condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000251 biolink:NamedThing diarrheal disease secondary to altered bowel motility A diarrhea that results from either increased or decreased motility in the bowel. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000252 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory diarrhea An diarrhea (disease) involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the intestinal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001517 biolink:NamedThing dysentery Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with infectious diarrhea of various etiologies, generally acquired by eating contaminated food containing toxins, biological derived from bacteria or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized initially by watery feces then by bloody mucoid stools. It is often associated with abdominal pain; fever; and dehydration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044751 biolink:NamedThing chronic diarrheal disease Chronic form of diarrheal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045030 biolink:NamedThing non-infectious diarrheal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000250 biolink:NamedThing osmotic diarrheal disease A diarrhea that results from the presence of osmotically active, poorly absorbed solutes in the bowel lumen that inhibit normal water and electrolyte absorption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000888 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal mucositis Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the gastrointestinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002269 biolink:NamedThing gastroenteritis An inflammatory disorder that affects the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Most commonly, this is attributed to viruses; however bacteria, parasites or adverse reactions can also be the culprit. Symptoms include acute diarrhea and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001678 biolink:NamedThing intestinal tuberculosis A tuberculosis that involves the intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005292 biolink:NamedThing colitis Inflammation of the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005537 biolink:NamedThing perianal Crohn disease An Crohn disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005649 biolink:NamedThing appendicitis Acute inflammation of the vermiform appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016129 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic gastroenteritis Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare benign gastrointestinal disease characterized by the presence of abnormal and nonspecific gastro-intestinal (GI) manifestations, associated with an eosinophilic infiltration of the GI tract, which can affect several segments and involve several layers within the GI wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043579 biolink:NamedThing enteritis Inflammation of the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002917 biolink:NamedThing disorder of pilosebaceous unit A disease that involves the pilosebaceous unit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003413 biolink:NamedThing hair follicle neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the hair follicle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006607 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous gland disorder A disease involving the sebaceous gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019278 biolink:NamedThing hair anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019280 biolink:NamedThing hypertrichosis Excessive hair growth anywhere on the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023543 biolink:NamedThing Katsantoni-Papadakou-Lagoyanni syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024268 biolink:NamedThing superficial mycosis A mycosis that is limited to the stratum corneum and essentially elicits no inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004677 biolink:NamedThing tinea nigra A superficial mycosis that is a superficial fungal infection of the skin characterized by brown to black macules which usually occur on the palmar aspects of hands and occasionally the plantar and other surfaces of the skin, caused by Hortaea werneckii, which is a common saprophytic fungus believed to occur in soil, compost, humus and on wood in humid tropical and sub-tropical regions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005915 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis versicolor A yeast infection usually manifested as a superficial skin infection. It may also present as a systemic infection in patients who are receiving total parenteral nutrition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024481 biolink:NamedThing skin appendage disorder A disease that involves the cutaneous appendage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002297 biolink:NamedThing epidermal appendage tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the hair follicles, sebaceous glands, or sweat glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019277 biolink:NamedThing epidermal appendage anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000254 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous mycosis A mycosis that involves the integument and its appendages, including hair and nails. Infection may involve the stratum corneum or deeper layers of the epidermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002041 biolink:NamedThing fungal infectious disease An infection caused by a fungus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000256 biolink:NamedThing systemic mycosis A mycosis that involves the lungs, abdominal viscera, bones and or central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002312 biolink:NamedThing opportunistic mycosis A mycosis that arises from infection in an immunologically compromised host. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005923 biolink:NamedThing Pneumocystis infectious disease Infections with species in the genus pneumocystis, a fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (pneumonia, pneumocystis) and other infections in humans and other mammals. Immunocompromised patients, especially those with aids, are particularly susceptible to these infections. Extrapulmonary sites are rare but seen occasionally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005968 biolink:NamedThing sporotrichosis The commonest and least serious of the deep mycoses, characterized by nodular lesions of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by inhalation of contaminated dust or by infection of a wound. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006764 biolink:NamedThing fungal meningitis Meningitis caused by fungal agents which may occur as opportunistic infections or arise in immunocompetent hosts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016130 biolink:NamedThing fungal myositis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018668 biolink:NamedThing scedosporiosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020944 biolink:NamedThing fungal infection of eye Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042433 biolink:NamedThing mycotic endocarditis An endocarditis (disease) caused by infection with Fungi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042497 biolink:NamedThing mycotoxicosis Poisoning caused by the ingestion of mycotoxins (toxins of fungal origin). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044083 biolink:NamedThing alternariosis Opportunistic fungal infection by a member of Alternaria genus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000005 biolink:NamedThing fungal discitis Discitis caused by infection with fungi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002051 biolink:NamedThing integumentary system disorder A disease involving the integumental system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000652 biolink:NamedThing integumentary system benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the integumental system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000653 biolink:NamedThing integumentary system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the integumental system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002884 biolink:NamedThing nail disorder A disease involving the nail. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004593 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin duct cyst Distension of the Bartholin gland duct caused by an accumulation of mucus in the duct, usually as a result of obstruction of the gland duct orifice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004748 biolink:NamedThing lip disorder A disease involving the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004808 biolink:NamedThing benign mammary dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005093 biolink:NamedThing skin disorder Any deviation from the normal structure or function of the skin or subcutaneous tissue that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006118 biolink:NamedThing breast fibrosis Breast fibrocystic change characterized by the prominence of fibrotic changes in the parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006591 biolink:NamedThing panniculitis Inflammation of the subcutaneous adipose tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017280 biolink:NamedThing demodicidosis Demodicidosis is a rare parasitic cutaneous disease due to Demodex mite infestation characterized by variable degrees of spinulosis, erythema, papules, and pustules, usually accompanied by a burning or pruritic sensation. Face (incl. eyelids) is most frequently affected, but ear canal, scalp, neck, back, chest, nipples, buttocks, penis, and extremity (legs and arms) involvement have also been observed. Dermoscopic examination reveals Demodex tails and follicular openings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019296 biolink:NamedThing subcutaneous tissue disorder A disease involving the superficial fascia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021114 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the Bartholin gland. Representative examples include adenoma, adenomyoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024308 biolink:NamedThing pseudoxanthoma elasticum (inherited or acquired) An inherited disorder that causes calcium and other minerals to accumulate in the elastic fibers of the skin, eyes, and blood vessels, and less frequently in other areas such as the digestive tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000255 biolink:NamedThing subcutaneous mycosis A mycosis that involves subcutaneous tissue. There are three general types of subcutaneous mycoses: chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma, and sporotrichosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002040 biolink:NamedThing dermatomycosis Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005982 biolink:NamedThing tinea infection A skin infection caused by a fungus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045038 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous basidiobolomycosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000259 biolink:NamedThing asymptomatic dengue DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005502 biolink:NamedThing dengue disease Dengue fever (DF), caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial non-specific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage (dengue hemorrhagic fever, or DHF) and shock (dengue shock syndrome, or DSS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000261 biolink:NamedThing adenoiditis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the pharyngeal tonsil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001040 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngitis An inflammatory process that affects the nasopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005709 biolink:NamedThing common cold An inflammatory process affecting the nasal mucosa, usually caused by viruses (e.g., rhinovirus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, and coronavirus). It is characterized by chills, headaches, mucopurulent nasal discharge, coughing, and facial pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000262 biolink:NamedThing otomycosis Fungus infection of the external ear, usually by aspergillus species DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001050 biolink:NamedThing malignant otitis externa An otitis externa which involves infection of the external ear that has spread to involve the skull bone containing part of the ear canal, the middle ear, and the inner ear. It is caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas. This is common in people with weakened immune systems and in older people with diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002246 biolink:NamedThing perichondritis of auricle An otitis externa involving infection of the tissue surrounding the cartilage of the earlobe (pinna), ear canal, or both. It may be caused by injury, burns, insect bites, ear piercing, or a boil on the ear. The common bacterial causative agent is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Symptoms include redness, pain, fever, swelling of the earlobe and pus accumulation between the cartilage and the layer of connective tissue around it. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000303 biolink:NamedThing conidiobolomycosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000879 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous candidiasis Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic paronychia. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005757 biolink:NamedThing eumycotic mycetoma A chronic granulomatous inflammation involving the deep dermis and the subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by fungi and actinomycetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005983 biolink:NamedThing tinea favosa A severe, chronic fungal skin infection, usually of the scalp, characterized by the development of thick, yellow cup-shaped crusts and scarring over hair follicles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021660 biolink:NamedThing deep seated dermatophytosis A deep folliculitis due to a cutaneous dermatophyte infection, usually on the legs. It is most commonly caused by trichophyton rubrum and is characterized by the formation of spongy granulomas which persist for three to four months and leaves deep scars. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100504 biolink:NamedThing fungal infection of the toenail A fungal infectious disease that involves the toenail. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000263 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheitis An inflammation of both larynx and trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002647 biolink:NamedThing laryngitis An acute or chronic, bacterial or viral inflammatory process affecting the larynx. Signs and symptoms include sore throat, cough, swallowing difficulties, and hoarseness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001369 biolink:NamedThing chronic laryngitis Persistent laryngitis usually caused by smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, voice abuse, or gastroesophageal reflux disease. It results in hoarseness and other voice changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005819 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal tuberculosis Extrapulmonary tuberculosis involving the larynx. Signs and symptoms include hoarseness, cough, and odynophagia. The condition is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005990 biolink:NamedThing tracheitis A tracheal disease which involves bacterial infection of the trachea often caused by Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci that follows a recent viral upper respiratory infection. The symptoms include barking croup cough, loud squeaking noise while breathing, scratchy feeling in the throat, high fever, and production of large amounts of pus-filled secretions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000265 biolink:NamedThing aspiration pneumonia A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper respiratory tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005275 biolink:NamedThing lung disorder A disease involving the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000744 biolink:NamedThing lung abscess A bacterial, fungal or parasitic abscess that develops in the lung parenchyma. Causes include aspiration pneumonia, necrotizing pneumonia, necrotizing malignant tumors, and Wegener's granulomatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001024 biolink:NamedThing pneumonic plague A plague in which the bacteria have infected the lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001437 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis A rare lung disorder characterized by the filling of the pulmonary alveoli with proteinaceous material which stains positive with periodic acid-Schiff stain. It may be idiopathic or secondary due to hematologic malignancies or the inhalation of mineral dusts. Signs and symptoms include dyspnea, cough and low grade fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002047 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary systemic sclerosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002267 biolink:NamedThing obstructive lung disease Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. airway obstruction may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002465 biolink:NamedThing bronchiolitis Inflammation of the bronchioles characterized by swelling of the bronchioles and mucus accumulation. It is usually caused by the respiratory syncytial virus and affects children. Signs and symptoms include coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002929 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary immaturity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004597 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary embolism and infarction Localized necrosis of lung tissue caused by obstruction of the arterial blood supply, most often due to pulmonary embolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005847 biolink:NamedThing middle lobe syndrome Atelectasis of the right middle pulmonary lobe, with chronic pneumonitis. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006931 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary coin lesion A single lung lesion that is characterized by a small round mass of tissue, usually less than 1 cm in diameter, and can be detected by chest radiography. A solitary pulmonary nodule can be associated with neoplasm, tuberculosis, cyst, or other anomalies in the lung, the chest wall, or the pleura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006933 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary plasma cell granuloma A tumor-like inflammatory lesion of the lung that is composed of plasma cells and fibrous tissue. It is also known as an inflammatory pseudotumor, often with calcification and measuring between 2 and 5 cm in diameter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006972 biolink:NamedThing silo filler disease A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis caused by hypersensitivity to high level of inhaled nitrogen oxides, decomposition products of silage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009928 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a disorder in which tiny fragments (microliths) of calcium phosphate gradually accumulate in the small air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. These deposits eventually cause widespread damage to the alveoli and surrounding lung tissue (interstitial lung disease). People with this disorder may also develop a persistent cough and difficulty breathing (dyspnea), especially during physical exertion. Chest pain that worsens when coughing, sneezing, or taking deep breaths is another common feature. People with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasismay also develop calcium phosphate deposits in other organs and tissue of the body. Though the course of the disease can be variable,many casesslowly progress to lung fibrosis, respiratory failure, or cor pulmonale. The only effective therapy is lung transplantation. In some cases, pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is caused by mutations in the SLC34A2 gene and inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015925 biolink:NamedThing interstitial lung disease A diverse group of lung diseases that affect the lung parenchyma. They are characterized by an initial inflammation of pulmonary alveoli that extends to the interstitium and beyond leading to diffuse pulmonary fibrosis. Interstitial lung diseases are classified by their etiology (known or unknown causes), and radiological-pathological features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017879 biolink:NamedThing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome An infection caused by Hantaviruses. It manifests with flu-like symptoms but it rapidly progresses to life-threatening respiratory problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018469 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021113 biolink:NamedThing respiratory failure The significant impairment of gas exchange within the lungs resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, to the extent that organ tissue perfusion is severely compromised. Causes include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, emphysema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pneumothorax, and congestive heart failure. Treatment requires intubation and mechanical ventilation until the time the lungs recover sufficient function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021117 biolink:NamedThing lung neoplasm A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm involving the lungs. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include adenoma, papilloma, chondroma, and endobronchial lipoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, sarcoma, and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022736 biolink:NamedThing occupational lung disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023011 biolink:NamedThing Wilson-Mikity syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024263 biolink:NamedThing neonatal aspiration syndrome Aspiration of meconium, blood, amniotic fluid or gastric contents around the time of delivery resulting in clinical symptoms from airway obstruction, parenchymal injury, and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. This may lead to persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043905 biolink:NamedThing pneumonitis An inflammatory process affecting the lung parenchyma. It is a milder form of lung inflammation compared to pneumonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600026 biolink:NamedThing vanishing lung syndrome A rare form of irreversible damage to the pulmonary parenchyma often due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is associated with a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including worsening dyspnea, cough, declining pulmonary function, and occasionally spontaneous pneumothorax due to ruptured bullae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600029 biolink:NamedThing restrictive pulmonary disease Decreased lung volume and inadequate ventilation due to parenchymal lung disorders (e.g., interstitial pulmonary fibrosis) or extrapulmonary disorders (e.g., scoliosis). Patients present with shortness of breath and cough. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700001 biolink:NamedThing shrinking lung syndrome A rare pulmonary complication of an underlying autoimmune disorder that is reported in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Reduced lung volumes result in restrictive ventilatory defect and a preserved carbon monoxide transfer coefficient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800126 biolink:NamedThing dystrophic pulmonary ossification A rare lung disorder characterized by ectopic bone formation within lung parenchyma. DPO can be idiopathic or associated with a variety of cardiovascular, respiratory diseases or other disorders. There are mainly two forms of DPO: nodular and dendriform. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005657 biolink:NamedThing aspergillosis Aspergillosis is an infection, growth, or allergic response caused by the Aspergillus fungus. There are several different kinds of aspergillosis. One kind is allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (also called ABPA), a condition where the fungus causes allergic respiratory symptoms similar to asthma, such as wheezing and coughing, but does not actually invade and destroy tissue. Another kind of aspergillosis is invasive aspergillosis. This infection usually affects people with weakened immune systems due to cancer, AIDS, leukemia, organ transplantation, chemotherapy, or other conditions or events that reduce the number of normal white blood cells. In this condition, the fungus invades and damages tissues in the body. Invasive aspergillosis most commonly affects the lungs, but can also cause infection in many other organs and can spread throughout the body (commonly affecting the kidneys and brain). Aspergilloma, a growth (fungus ball) that develops in an area of previous lung disease such as tuberculosis or lung abscess, is a third kind of aspergillosis. This type of aspergillosis is composed of a tangled mass of fungus fibers, blood clots, and white blood cells. The fungus ball gradually enlarges, destroying lung tissue in the process, but usually does not spread to other areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005873 biolink:NamedThing neuroaspergillosis Infections of the nervous system caused by fungi of the genus aspergillus, most commonly aspergillus fumigatus. Aspergillus infections may occur in immunocompetent hosts, but are more prevalent in individuals with immunologic deficiency syndromes. The organism may spread to the nervous system from focal infections in the lung, mastoid region, sinuses, inner ear, bones, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. Sinus infections may be locally invasive and enter the intracranial compartment, producing meningitis, fungal; cranial neuropathies; and abscesses in the frontal lobes of the brain. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch 27, pp62-3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015243 biolink:NamedThing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a rare immunologic pulmonary disorder caused by hypersensitivity to Aspergillus fumigatus, clinically manifesting with poorly controlled asthma and recurrent pulmonary infiltrates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021935 biolink:NamedThing aspergillus niger infection A infectious disease involving the Aspergillus niger. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000270 biolink:NamedThing lower respiratory tract disorder A disease involving the lower respiratory tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005087 biolink:NamedThing respiratory system disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the respiratory system. Representative examples include pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary failure, lung adenoma, lung carcinoma, and tracheal carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000376 biolink:NamedThing respiratory system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the respiratory system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000382 biolink:NamedThing respiratory system benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the respiratory system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000771 biolink:NamedThing allergic respiratory disease A respiratory system disease with a basis in a pathological type I hypersensitivity reaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001735 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus disorder A disease involving the paranasal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004867 biolink:NamedThing upper respiratory tract disorder A disease involving the upper respiratory tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005077 biolink:NamedThing pertussis A contagious bacterial respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. It is characterized by severe and uncontrollable cough, resulting in a whooping sound during breathing following the cough. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005100 biolink:NamedThing systemic sclerosis A chronic disorder, possibly autoimmune, marked by excessive production of collagen which results in hardening and thickening of body tissues. The two types of systemic scleroderma, limited cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous are classified with focus on the extent of affected skin. A relationship exists between the extent of skin area affected and degree of internal organ/system involvement. Systemic scleroderma can manifest itself in pulmonary fibrosis, Raynaud's syndrome, digestive system telangiectasias, renal hypertension and/or pulmonary hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005296 biolink:NamedThing sleep apnea syndrome A disorder characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005728 biolink:NamedThing diaphragm disorder A disease involving the diaphragm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006052 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary tuberculosis A bacterial infection that affects the lungs and is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most patients with tuberculosis do not have symptoms (latent tuberculosis) and are not contagious. When signs and symptoms occur (active tuberculosis), patients become contagious. The signs and symptoms include chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, night sweats, fever, fatigue, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006625 biolink:NamedThing altitude sickness Multiple symptoms associated with reduced oxygen at high altitude. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006663 biolink:NamedThing perinatal asphyxia A disorder caused by a lack of blood flow or gas exchange to or from the fetus in the period immediately before, during, or after the birth process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008348 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (PNHL) is a reactive lymphoid proliferation manifesting as solitary or multiple nodules in the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008587 biolink:NamedThing tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is an idiopathic and benign disease of the large airways characterized by submucosal osteocartilaginous nodules presenting in the trachea with or without the involvement of the major bronchi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010148 biolink:NamedThing Mounier-Kuhn syndrome Mounier-Kuhn syndrome, also known as idiopathic tracheobronchomegaly, is a congenital disorder characterized by marked dilatation of the trachea and proximal bronchi that leads to impaired airway secretion clearance and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010220 biolink:NamedThing Young syndrome Young syndrome is characterised by the association of obstructive azoospermia with recurrent sinobronchial infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012124 biolink:NamedThing sudden infant death-dysgenesis of the testes syndrome Sudden infant death with dysgenesis of the testes (SIDDT) syndrome is a lethal condition in infants with dysgenesis of testes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014629 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune interstitial lung disease-arthritis syndrome A respiratory disease characterized by interstitial lung disease (often with pulmonary hemorrhage) and inflammatory arthritis, associated with high-titer autoantibodies (including anti-nuclear and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, and rheumatoid factor). Patients present from infancy to adolescence with tachypnea, cough, hemoptysis, and/or joint pain. Some patients may also develop glomerular disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016575 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia A rare, genetically heterogeneous, primarily respiratory disorder characterized by chronic upper and lower respiratory tract disease. Approximately half of PCD patients have an organ laterality defect (situs inversus totalis or situs ambiguus/heterotaxy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017357 biolink:NamedThing transient hyperammonemia of the newborn DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017849 biolink:NamedThing Siegler-Brewer-Carey syndrome Siegler-Brewer-Carey syndrome is characterized by cataracts, otitis media, intestinal malabsorption, chronic respiratory infection, and failure to thrive. It has been recently described in two sibs born to consanguineous parents. The patients also developed recurrent pneumonia and progressive azotemia leading to end-stage renal disease. Both children died of overwhelming infection (sepsis, meningitis). An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was proposed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018127 biolink:NamedThing 16q24.1 microdeletion syndrome 16q24.1 microdeletion syndrome is a partial autosomal monosomy characterized clinically by lethal pulmonary disease that presents as severe respiratory distress and refractory pulmonary hypertension within a few hours after birth and typically results in death from respiratory failure within the first months of life. Characteristic histological features of lung tissue include paucity of alveolar wall capillaries, alveolar wall thickening, muscular hypertrophy of the pulmonary arteries, and malposition of the small pulmonary veins. Various additional congenital malformations may be associated, mostly gastrointestinal (intestinal malrotation and atresias, anular pancreas), genitourinary (dilatation of urinary tracts, duplicated uterus) and cardiovascular anomalies (hypoplastic left heart and other congenital heart defects). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018183 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcal necrotizing pneumonia Staphylococcal necrotizing pneumonia is a rare, bacterial, pulmonary infectious disease, caused by a Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus strain, characterized by severe respiratory failure, extensive, rapidly progressing pneumonia and hemorrhagic lung necrosis. Patients typically present with influenza-like symptoms, such as fever, cough, and chest pain, as well as hemoptysis, hypotension, leukopenia, and severe respiratory symptoms that rapidly evolve to acute respiratory distress syndrome and septic shock. High mortality is associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018554 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and/or pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis A rare subgroup of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) characterized by obliterative fibrosis of the small pulmonary veins and venules and/or capillary infiltration of the pulmonary interstitium leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018597 biolink:NamedThing plastic bronchitis A lymphatic flow disorder that causes severe respiratory issues. In children with plastic bronchitis, lymph fluid builds in the airways and forms rubbery or caulk-like plugs (known as casts). These casts block the airways, making it difficult to breathe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018955 biolink:NamedThing recurrent respiratory papillomatosis Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a rare respiratory disease characterized by the development of exophytic papillomas, affecting the mucosa of the upper aero-digestive tract (with a strong predilection for the larynx), caused by an infection with human papilloma virus. Symptoms at presentation may include hoarseness, chronic cough, dyspnea, recurrent upper respiratory infections, pneumonia, dysphagia, stridor, and/or failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018978 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related mediastinitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019092 biolink:NamedThing infantile apnea Infantile apnea is a cessation of respiratory air flow that may affect newborns or older children because of neurological impairment of the respiratory rhythm or obstruction of air flow through the air passages. The symptoms include cyanosis, pallor or bradycardia and snoring in case of obstructive apnea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019540 biolink:NamedThing diffuse alveolar hemorrhage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020001 biolink:NamedThing respiratory or thoracic malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020641 biolink:NamedThing respiratory tract neoplasm A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm involving the respiratory tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024355 biolink:NamedThing respiratory tract infectious disorder Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035529 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset pulmonary alveolar proteinosis-hypogammaglobulinemia A rare genetic respiratory disease characterized by infantile onset of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with hypogammaglobulinemia. Patients have normal respiratory function at birth, but subsequently develop recurrent, mainly viral, infections and progressive respiratory failure, often leading to death in infancy or early childhood. Additional reported features include leukocytosis and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100116 biolink:NamedThing Middle East respiratory syndrome A viral respiratory infection that is caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which most often manifests with moderate to severe respiratory symptoms, including productive cough and shortness of breath, which can progress to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100470 biolink:NamedThing reactive airway disease Coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath that is triggered by allergens, infection, or other irritants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000271 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous salpingitis An urogenital tuberculosis involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the fallopian tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003619 biolink:NamedThing salpingitis Acute or chronic inflammation of the fallopian tube. It is most often caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections. The infections usually originate in the vagina and ascend to the fallopian tube. Symptoms include abdominal, pelvic, and lower back pain, pain during ovulation and sexual intercourse, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Complications include infertility and ectopic pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001172 biolink:NamedThing salpingo-oophoritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003617 biolink:NamedThing chronic salpingitis Chronic inflammation of the fallopian tube. It usually follows an acute inflammatory attack. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003618 biolink:NamedThing pyosalpinx The presence of pus in the fallopian tube. It is usually caused by acute salpingitis. The fallopian tube is distended and filled with pus. Histologic examination reveals edema and acute and chronic inflammation. Symptoms include fever, vaginal discharge, and pelvic pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021159 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal salpingitis An salpingitis caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006002 biolink:NamedThing urogenital tuberculosis A general term for mycobacterium infections of any part of the urogenital system in either the male or the female. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002226 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous oophoritis An urogenital tuberculosis involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004272 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder tuberculosis A tuberculosis that involves the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004517 biolink:NamedThing ureter tuberculosis A tuberculosis that involves the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005938 biolink:NamedThing renal tuberculosis Infection of the kidney due to mycobacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006845 biolink:NamedThing male genital tuberculosis Mycobacterium infections of the male reproductive tract (genitalia, male). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000273 biolink:NamedThing Kunjin virus infectous disease A West Nile encephalitis that results in infection located in brain, has material basis in Kunjin virus, a subtype of West Nile Virus, which is transmitted by Culex annulirostris mosquito bite. The infection has symptom fever, has symptom rigor, has symptom headache, has symptom confusion, and has symptom lethargy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019376 biolink:NamedThing West-Nile encephalitis An acute arboviral infection caused by a virus of the Flaviviridae family transmitted by an infected mosquito, that is asymptomatic in the majority of cases but that can present in rare occasions with mild flulike symptoms such as low-grade fever, arthralgia, myalgia, and/or rash, or with neurologic manifestations including meningitis, encephalitis with mental confusion or disorientation, tremors and acute flaccid paralysis/poliomyelitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000276 biolink:NamedThing Powassan encephalitis A disease caused by infection with Powassan virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005763 biolink:NamedThing Flaviviridae infectious disease Infections with viruses of the family flaviviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001137 biolink:NamedThing Murray valley encephalitis An disease caused by infection with Murray Valley encephalitis virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002282 biolink:NamedThing West Nile fever A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the west nile virus, a flavivirus and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia, and Europe. Common clinical features include headache; fever; maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and lymphadenopathy. meningitis; encephalitis; and myelitis may also occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005231 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis C virus infection A viral infection caused by the hepatitis C virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005909 biolink:NamedThing pestivirus infectious disease Infections with viruses of the genus pestivirus, family flaviviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005969 biolink:NamedThing st. Louis encephalitis A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis encephalitis virus (encephalitis virus, st. louis), a flavivirus. It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by mosquitoes of the genus culex. The primary animal vectors are wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an influenza-like illness or present as an aseptic meningitis or encephalitis. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic presentation may include seizures, lethargy, myoclonus, focal neurologic signs, coma, and death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p750) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017881 biolink:NamedThing Kyasanur forest disease Kyasanura forest disease (KFD), caused by the KFD virus, is an arbovirus characterized by an initial fever, headache and myalgia that can progress to a hemorrhagic disease and that in some cases is followed by a second phase characterized by neurological manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017882 biolink:NamedThing Omsk hemorrhagic fever Omsk hemorrhagic fever (OHF), caused by Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV), is a zoonotic disease characterized by fever, nausea, myalgia and moderately severe hemorrhagic manifestations as well as in some cases meningitis, pneumonia and nephrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018661 biolink:NamedThing Zika virus infectious disease Mosquito-born virus disease characterized by a clinical course that may be asymptomatic or mild with fever, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, headache, exanthema, but may also be associated with severe neurological (meningitis, meningoencephalitis and myelitis) and auto-immune (Guillain-Barre syndrome) complications, as well as a potential increase of birth defects (microcephaly) if the infection occurs during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020502 biolink:NamedThing yellow fever Yellow fever (YF), caused by YF virus, is a zoonotic disease characterized by fever and constitutional symptoms, with the potential to progress to severe and fatal viral hemorrhagic fever with shock and multi-organ system failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006009 biolink:NamedThing viral encephalitis Encephalitis resulting from viral infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003336 biolink:NamedThing acute necrotizing encephalitis A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of the brain which primarily affects young adults and children. Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, seizures, and coma. It may follow a viral illness or mycoplasma pneumoniae infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event. Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003337 biolink:NamedThing acute hemorrhagic encephalitis Acute encephalitis that is characterized by bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005708 biolink:NamedThing Colorado tick fever A febrile illness characterized by chills, aches, vomiting, leukopenia, and sometimes encephalitis. It is caused by the colorado tick fever virus, a reovirus transmitted by the tick Dermacentor andersoni. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005736 biolink:NamedThing eastern equine encephalitis Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is an acute arboviral infection caused by an alphavirus of the Togaviridae family transmitted by an infected mosquito, that is characterized by the onset of flulike symptoms including fever, chills, weakness, headache, vomiting, abdominal pain with diarrhea, myalgia, leucocytosis, and hematuria, rapidly progressing to diffuse central nervous system (CNS) involvement with confusion, somnolence, or even coma. Seizures, which may progress to status epilepticus and neurologic sequelae, cranial nerve palsies, and photophobia may occur. EEE is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009835 biolink:NamedThing subacute sclerosing panencephalitis Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic progressive encephalitis that develops a few years after measles infection and presents with a demyelination of the cerebral cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012521 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex encephalitis Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE) is caused by the infection of the central nervous system by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) that could have a devastating clinical course and a potentially fatal outcome particularly with delay or lack of treatment. HSV often involves the frontal and temporal lobes, usually asymmetrically, resulting in personality changes, cognitive impairment, aphasia, seizures, and focal weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017572 biolink:NamedThing tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne encephalitis is caused by an arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family (tick-borne encephalitis virus, TBEV), transmitted principally by the bite of the Ixodes ricinus tick. The symptomology is biphasic, with the initial phase being associated with a flu-like illness and the second phase (occurring in less than 10% of patients) with symptoms of meningitis or, more rarely, meningoencephalitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017942 biolink:NamedThing Hendra virus infection Hendra virus infection is a rare viral infection disorder caused by the Hendra virus characterized by onset of flu-like symptoms (fever, myalgia, headaches, lethargy) approximately one week after having been in close contact with bodily fluids of infected horses. Neurological manifestations (e.g. vertigo, confusion, ataxia) and progressive respiratory failure, leading to death, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019384 biolink:NamedThing encephalitis lethargica A form of encephalitis, the etiology of which is uncertain, that is characterized by lethargy and headache. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020601 biolink:NamedThing mosquito-borne viral encephalitis Viral encephalitis that is transmitted by mosquitos. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027029 biolink:NamedThing HHV-6 encephalitis HHV-6 encephalitis refers to inflammation of the brain due to an infection with human herpesvirus 6. People who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation are at an increased risk for developing HHV-6 encephalitis, particularly when umbilical cord blood stem cells are used. People with immune system disorders may also be at an increased risk for developing this infection. Signs and symptoms vary, but often include confusion, anterograde amnesia (difficulty learning new information following the onset of amnesia), short-term memory loss, and seizures.Diagnosis often involves lumbar puncture, virus testing, and MRI. EEG 's may also be recommendedwhen seizures are suspected. HHV-6 encephalitis is treated with an antiviral agent with activity against HHV-6. Long term outlook (chance of full recovery) can vary considerably depending individual patient factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025294 biolink:NamedThing tick-borne infectious disease Bacterial, viral, or parasitic diseases transmitted to humans and animals by the bite of infected ticks. The families Ixodidae and Argasidae contain many bloodsucking species that are important pests of man and domestic birds and mammals and probably exceed all other arthropods in the number and variety of disease agents they transmit. Many of the tick-borne diseases are zoonotic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001621 biolink:NamedThing tick-borne relapsing fever An infection that is caused by certain species of Rickettsia or Borrelia, which are transmitted to humans from infected ticks; it is characterized by sudden fever, chills, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, and possibly a rash. Symptoms usually persist for two to nine days, then disappear, with recurrence after several weeks if the patient remains untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019632 biolink:NamedThing Lyme disease Lyme disease (named after the towns in the USA where the disease was first identified) is a bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025303 biolink:NamedThing anaplasmosis An disease or disorder caused by infection with Anaplasma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000282 biolink:NamedThing Whitewater Arroyo hemorrhagic fever A viral infectious disease that is a hemorrhagic fever, has material basis in Whitewater Arroyo virus, which is transmitted by white-throated woodrats (Neotoma albigula). The infection has symptom fever, has symptom headache, has symptom myalgia, and has symptom hemorrhagic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005650 biolink:NamedThing Arenaviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by the arenaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001449 biolink:NamedThing lymphocytic choriomeningitis A form of meningitis caused by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. mice and other rodents serve as the natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ataxia, and incontinence. Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury, including neonatal hydrocephalus, aqueductal stenosis, chorioretinitis, and microcephaly. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005651 biolink:NamedThing arenavirus hemorrhagic fever A viral infectious disease that involves fever and bleeding disorder caused by Arenavirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044750 biolink:NamedThing lassa virus infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100120 biolink:NamedThing vector-borne disease An infectious disease where a pathogen is carried and transmitted by another organism that acts as disease vector. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000283 biolink:NamedThing Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Seoul virus type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000284 biolink:NamedThing Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Puumala virus type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000310 biolink:NamedThing Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever A disease caused by infection with Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000342 biolink:NamedThing O'nyong'nyong fever An disease or disorder caused by infection with O'nyong-nyong virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000344 biolink:NamedThing Ross river fever A disease caused by infection with Ross River virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000345 biolink:NamedThing Oropouche fever A disease caused by infection with Oropouche virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000346 biolink:NamedThing Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Dobrava-Belgrade virus type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000890 biolink:NamedThing Zika virus congenital syndrome A congenital birth syndrome that arises from materal Zika infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001246 biolink:NamedThing typhus A group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus and murine typhus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001444 biolink:NamedThing Chagas disease A parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is transmitted by insect bites. It is characterized by an acute and chronic phase; in the acute phase patients may have fever, malaise, and swelling at the site of the insect bite. In the chronic phase patients develop hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005459 biolink:NamedThing human African trypanosomiasis A parasitic disorder caused by protozoa of the Trypanosoma brucei species. It is transmitted by flies and is endemic in various regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. Signs and symptoms include fever, joint pain, headache, and significant swelling of the lymph nodes. If left untreated, the parasitic infection causes anemia, heart, kidney, and endocrine failure, and neurologic damage. Subsequently patients develop confusion, disruption of the sleep cycle, and mental deterioration. The infection may lead to coma and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005761 biolink:NamedThing filarial elephantiasis Parasitic infestation of the human lymphatic system by wuchereria bancrofti or brugia malayi. It is also called lymphatic filariasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005820 biolink:NamedThing Lassa fever A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Lassa virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected rodents; it is characterized by fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, and hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005828 biolink:NamedThing listeriosis A bacterial infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes. It occurs in newborns, elderly, and immunocompromised patients. The bacteria are transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food. Clinical manifestations include fever, muscle pain, respiratory distress, nausea, diarrhea, neck stiffness, irritability, seizures, and lethargy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005866 biolink:NamedThing mycobacterium avium complex disease An infection that is caused by Mycobacterium avium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005913 biolink:NamedThing phlebotomus fever Influenza-like febrile viral disease caused by several members of the bunyaviridae family and transmitted mostly by the bloodsucking sandfly Phlebotomus papatasii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005991 biolink:NamedThing trench fever An intermittent fever characterized by intervals of chills, fever, and splenomegaly each of which may last as long as 40 hours. It is caused by bartonella quintana and transmitted by the human louse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006005 biolink:NamedThing Venezuelan equine encephalitis A condition caused by infection by the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, which is characterized by headache, fever, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006941 biolink:NamedThing rat-bite fever An infectious disease that is caused transmitted by the bite of a rat. Two species of bacteria can cause the infection: Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillum minus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011989 biolink:NamedThing leishmaniasis Infectious disease that is transmitted through the bite of hematophagous female phlebotomine sand flies. The clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to clinically overt disease which can remain localized to the skin or disseminate to the upper oral and respiratory mucous membranes or throughout the reticulo-endothelial system. Three main clinical syndromes have been described: visceral (or Kala-Azar; with fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly), cutaneous, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (cutaneous or mucocutaneous ulceration). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015254 biolink:NamedThing schistosomiasis An infectious disease caused by parasitic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma that colonize human blood vessels and release eggs that can cause granulomatous reactions leading to acute (swimmer's itch or acute schistosomiasis syndrome) or chronic disease. Depending on where the eggs lodge, manifestations of chronic schistosomiasis can include diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, anemia (intestines), hepatosplenism, periportal fibrosis with portal hypertension (liver), urogenital inflammation and scarring, hematuria and dysuria (genitourinary system). Other patients may be asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017137 biolink:NamedThing onchocerciasis Onchocerciasis is a form of filariasis, caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus, transmitted by the black fly. The infection can either be asymptomatic or manifest as an ocular disease (river blindness) with itchy eyes, erythema, photophobia, onchodermatitis or onchocercal skin disease (classified into acute papular, chronic papular, lichenified, atrophic, and depigmentated) and onchocercomas (over bony prominences). Other classic clinical manifestations are ichthyosis-like lesions (''lizard skin'') and ''hanging groin'', which may be associated with lymphadenopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017874 biolink:NamedThing Argentine hemorrhagic fever Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), caused by the Junin virus (JUNV), is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease characterized by initial fever and malaise followed by gastrointestinal symptoms and in some cases hemorrhagic and neurological manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017875 biolink:NamedThing Bolivian hemorrhagic fever Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF), caused by the Machupo virus (MACV), is a severe acute viral hemorrhagic fever characterized by fever, myalgia, and arthralgia followed by hemorrhagic and neurological manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017876 biolink:NamedThing Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever (VHF), caused by the Guanarito virus, is a viral hemorrhagic disease characterized by fever, headache, arthralgia, sore throat, convulsions, and hemorrhagic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017880 biolink:NamedThing Rift valley fever Rift Valley fever (RVF), caused by the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), is an arbovirus characterized by a usually self-limiting febrile illness but that in some cases can also manifest with thrombosis, vision loss, hemorrhages and/or neurological symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017941 biolink:NamedThing chikungunya An infection that is caused by the Chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever and severe arthralgia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018077 biolink:NamedThing tularemia Tularemia is an infection caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. It is more common in rodents and rabbits but has been found in other animals including domestic cats, sheep, birds, and hamsters. Humans can become infected in several different ways: by handling infected animals, through tick or deer fly bites, by drinking contaminated water, or by inhaling contaminated dust or aerosols. Person-to-person transmission has not been reported. The type of tularemia and the particular signs and symptoms vary depending on how the bacteria enter the body. However, fever is seen in most cases. Though tularemia can be life-threatening, most infections can be treated with antibiotics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019095 biolink:NamedThing plague Plague is a severe bacterial infection caused by the gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019186 biolink:NamedThing Q fever A bacterial infection caused by Coxiella burnetii. It is transmitted to humans by the inhalation of infected air particles or contact with fluids and feces of infected animals. Signs and symptoms include the abrupt onset of fever, headache, myalgias, and weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019498 biolink:NamedThing tungiasis An disease or disorder caused by infection with Tunga penetrans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019633 biolink:NamedThing relapsing fever Relapsing fever is an infection caused by bacteria of the genus Borrelia, excluding those responsible for Lyme disease belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi complex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020501 biolink:NamedThing Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by CCHF virus and characterized by initial fever, headache, and malaise followed by gastrointestinal symptoms and, in severe cases, bleeding, shock, and multi-organ system failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020731 biolink:NamedThing arbovirus infection A viral infection that is transmitted by an arthropod. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005784 biolink:NamedThing hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome A disorder caused by hantaviruses of the family Bunyaviridae. It is transmitted by rodents and is manifested with fever, hemorrhage, and renal failure. Other symptoms include headaches, abdominal and back pain, and blurred vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022529 biolink:NamedThing BK-virus nephropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000286 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis A viral hepatitis that results in inflammation, located in liver, has material basis in Human herpesvirus 4 and has symptom headache, has symptom fatigue, has symptom fever, has symptom abdominal pain, has symptom nausea, and has symptom jaundice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005111 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus infection An infection that is caused by Epstein-Barr virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005810 biolink:NamedThing infectious mononucleosis A condition characterized by an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and swollen lymph nodes, which is usually caused by infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005344 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis B virus infection A viral infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005788 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis E virus infection Acute inflammation of the liver in humans; caused by hepatitis E virus, a non-enveloped single-stranded rna virus. Similar to hepatitis A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005789 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis D virus infection Inflammation of the liver in humans caused by hepatitis delta virus, a defective RNA virus that can only infect hepatitis B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta virus requires the hepatitis B surface antigens produced by these patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with (coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005790 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis A virus infection Acute inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus. It is highly contagious and usually contracted through close contact with an infected individual or their feces, contaminated food or water. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024294 biolink:NamedThing skin disorder caused by infection Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000337 biolink:NamedThing exanthema subitum An infection that is due to human herpesvirus (HHV) types 6 or 7; it is characterized by 3-5 days of high fever followed by the acute onset of a rosy, pink, non-pruritic, macular rash that is predominantly on the neck and trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000338 biolink:NamedThing variola major infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001209 biolink:NamedThing common wart A wart caused by human papillomavirus. It can appear anywhere on the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001795 biolink:NamedThing plantar wart A wart in the plantar surface of the foot. It is caused by human papillomavirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004616 biolink:NamedThing herpetic whitlow A painful blister of the periungual skin that is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005609 biolink:NamedThing herpes zoster A common dermal and neurologic disorder caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that has remained dormant within dorsal root ganglia, often for decades, after the patient's initial exposure to the virus in the form of varicella (chickenpox). It is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005700 biolink:NamedThing chickenpox A contagious childhood disorder caused by the varicella zoster virus. It is transmitted via respiratory secretions and contact with chickenpox blister contents. It presents with a vesicular skin rash, usually associated with fever, headache, and myalgias. The pruritic fluid-filled vesicles occur 10-21 days after exposure and last for 3-4 days. An additional 3-4 days of malaise follows before the affected individual feels better. An individual is contagious 1-2 days prior to the appearance of the blisters until all blisters are crusted over. Generally, healthy individuals recover without complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006544 biolink:NamedThing erythema infectiosum A self-limited viral infectious disorder caused by the human parvovirus B19. It affects predominantly children and is characterized by the development of a bright red skin eruption in the cheeks. It is followed by a maculopapular skin eruption in the extremities which eventually fades into a lacey pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016455 biolink:NamedThing virus-associated trichodysplasia spinulosa Virus-associated trichodysplasia spinulosa is a rare infectious skin disease characterized by the development of follicular papules with keratin spicules in various parts of the body, predominantly in the face (e.g. nose, eyebrows, auricles), that is due to polyomavirus infection in immunocompromized patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017326 biolink:NamedThing infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1 A rare and severe chronic disease characterized by recurrent chronic eczema (with erythematous, scaly and crusted lesions) mainly affecting seborrheic areas (e.g. scalp, forehead, eyelids, paranasal and periauricular skin, neck, axillae, and groin), a generalized fine papular rash, chronic nasal discharge with crusting of the anterior nares, and non-virulent Staphylococcus aureus or beta-hemolytic Streptococcus infections, thought to be a result of HTLV-1-induced immunosuppression. Lymphadenopathy, anemia, mild to moderate pruritus and increased incidence of other infections (e.g. crusted scabies) have also been reported in some patients. Patients may subsequently develop other HTLV-1 associated conditions such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019471 biolink:NamedThing adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma A peripheral (mature) T-cell neoplasm linked to the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma is endemic in several regions of the world, in particular Japan, the Caribbean, and parts of Central Africa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021201 biolink:NamedThing skin infection An inflammatory process affecting the skin, caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. Examples of bacterial infection include carbuncles, furuncles, impetigo, erysipelas, and abscesses. Examples of viral infection include shingles, warts, molluscum contagiosum, and pityriasis rosea. Examples of parasitic infection include scabies and lice. Examples of fungal infection include athlete's foot, yeast infection, and ringworm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024295 biolink:NamedThing skin disease caused by bacterial infection Skin diseases caused by bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024610 biolink:NamedThing parasitic skin disorder Skin diseases caused by ARTHROPODS; HELMINTHS; or other parasites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000447 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease An autosomal dominant inherited condition characterized by many cysts of various sizes scattered throughout the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001382 biolink:NamedThing hepatorenal syndrome Hepatorenal syndrome is a form of impaired kidney function that occurs in individuals with advanced chronic liver disease. As many as 40% of individuals with cirrhosis and ascites will develop hepatorenal syndrome. Symptoms may include fatigue, abdominal pain, and a general feeling of ill health (malaise). There are two distinct types of hepatorenal syndrome. Type I progresses quickly (within days), leading to kidney failure. Individuals with type I typically have dramatically reduced urine output, edema, and jaundice, and often suffer from hepatic encephalopathy. Type II progresses more slowly, over weeks or months, and the symptoms are less severe. The cause of hepatorenal syndrome is unknown. A contributing factor seems to be a narrowing of the blood vessels that connect into the kidneys. This causes a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys, impairing their function. In some cases, triggers or precipitating factors (infections, blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract, low blood pressure) are involved. Treatment is aimed at helping the liver work better and maintaining kidney function. In many cases, a liver transplant is needed. In some cases, individuals also need a kidney transplant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002251 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis An active inflammatory process affecting the liver for more than six months. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune disorders, drugs, and metabolic disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002405 biolink:NamedThing hepatic vascular disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic vascular disorder that affects the liver. Representative examples include veno-occlusive disease, hemangioma, lymphangioma, and angiosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002520 biolink:NamedThing hepatic porphyria A group of metabolic diseases due to deficiency of one of a number of liver enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of heme. They are characterized by the accumulation and increased excretion of porphyrins or its precursors. Clinical features include neurological symptoms (porphyria, acute intermittent), cutaneous lesions due to photosensitivity (porphyria cutanea tarda), or both (hereditary coproporphyria). Hepatic porphyrias can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the hepatic tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004694 biolink:NamedThing hepatopulmonary syndrome Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a lung disease characterized by widening of arteries and veins (dilatation) in the lungs in people who have chronic liver disease. Because of the dilated vases, the workload of the heart increases and the blood pumped to the body does not have enough oxygen, leading to a decreased level of oxygen in the blood (hypoxemia). The normal diameter of the lung vessels ranges between 8 and 15 μm whereas when in HPS rises to between 15 and 500 μm. While many people with HPS don't have any obvious problems, the main reported symptom is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that is worse when standing or sitting up, and is relieved when lying down (platypnea). Symptoms related to chronic liver disease (generally cirrhosis) include small red spots on the skin (spider angiomas) and abnormal vascular dilatations. Some other symptoms that have been described are infections in the brain (brain abscesses), brain bleeding and an increased number of red blood cells in the blood (polycythemia). There is currently no effective medication for HPS. Oxygen therapy may improve the breathing in some cases. Liver transplant is an efficient treatment which improves the symptoms, even in severe cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004790 biolink:NamedThing fatty liver disease A reversible condition wherein large vacuoles of triglyceride fat accumulate in liver cells via the process of steatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005155 biolink:NamedThing cirrhosis of liver A disorder characterized by replacement of the liver parenchyma with fibrous tissue and regenerative nodules. It is usually caused by alcoholism, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Complications include the development of ascites, esophageal varices, bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005359 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced liver injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to acute liver failure, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, and chemicals from the environment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006595 biolink:NamedThing perinatal jaundice due to hepatocellular damage Jaundice in perinates due to cellular damange of liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008966 biolink:NamedThing Aagenaes syndrome Cholestasis-lymphedema syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis, often lessening and becoming intermittent with age, and severe chronic lymphedema which mainly affects the lower limbs. Patients often present with fat malabsorption leading to failure to thrive, fat soluble vitamin deficiency with bleeding, rickets, and neuropathy. In 25% of cases, cirrhosis occurs during childhood or later in life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009383 biolink:NamedThing transient familial neonatal hyperbilirubinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013595 biolink:NamedThing hyperbiliverdinemia Hyperbiliverdinemia is a rare, genetic hepatic disease characterized by the presence of green coloration of the skin, urine, plasma and other body fluids (ascites, breastmilk) or parts (sclerae) due to increased serum levels of biliverdin in association with biliary obstruction and/or liver failure. Association with malnutrition, medication, and congenital biliary atresia has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016204 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic copper-associated cirrhosis Idiopathic copper-associated cirrhosis is a rare copper-overload liver disease characterized by a rapidly progressive liver cirrhosis from the first few years of life leading to hepatic insufficiency and harboring a specific pathological aspect: pericellular fibrosis, inflammatory infiltration, hepatocyte necrosis, absence of steatosis, poor regeneration and histochemical copper staining. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018991 biolink:NamedThing hepatoportal sclerosis Hepatoportal sclerosis (HPS) is a rare disorder characterized by sclerosis of the intrahepatic portal veins, non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, asymptomatic splenomegaly and recurrent variceal bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019431 biolink:NamedThing primitive portal vein thrombosis Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is associated with acute (recent) or chronic (long-standing) thrombosis of the portal system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020693 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to liver phosphorylase kinase deficiency A benign form of phosphorylase kinase deficiency caused by variants in PHKA2 or PHKG2 and characterized by hepatomegaly, growth retardation, and mild delay in motor development during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024477 biolink:NamedThing liver and intrahepatic bile duct neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the liver parenchyma or intrahepatic bile ducts. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include hepatocellular adenoma, and bile duct adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043693 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic liver diseases A disorder caused by damage to the liver parenchyma due to alcohol consumption. It may present with an acute onset or follow a chronic course, leading to cirrhosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044631 biolink:NamedThing early-onset familial noncirrhotic portal hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100192 biolink:NamedThing liver failure A liver disease characterized by the liver losing or has lost all of its function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100430 biolink:NamedThing fibrotic liver disease A liver disease characterized by the presence of excessive fibrous connective tissue in the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800322 biolink:NamedThing membranous obstruction of inferior vena cava DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005738 biolink:NamedThing echinococcosis A parasitic infection caused by tapeworm larvae of Echinococcus. It affects livestock and humans. It is characterized by the formation of hydatid cysts mainly in the liver, lungs, spleen, and kidneys. Rupture of the cysts may lead to shock. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017282 biolink:NamedThing alveolar echinococcosis Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a rare parasitic disorder that occurs after ingestion of eggs of Echinococcus multilocularis. AE is characterized by an initial asymptomatic incubation period of many years followed by a chronic course where the clinical manifestations include epigastric pain and jaundice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044346 biolink:NamedThing echinococcus granulosus infectious disease An disease or disorder caused by infection with Echinococcus granulosus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000290 biolink:NamedThing primary amebic meningoencephalitis A infectious disease involving the Naegleria fowleri. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002428 biolink:NamedThing protozoa infectious disease An infection that is caused by protozoans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000291 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous amebic encephalitis Granulomatous amebic encephalitis is a life-threatening infection of the brain caused by the free-living amoebae Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandrillaris and Sappinia pedata. Acanthamoeba species, are commonly found in lakes, swimming pools, tap water, and heating and air conditioning units. The disease affects immunocompromised peple and is very serious. Symptoms include mental status changes, loss of coordination, fever, muscular weakness or partial paralysis affecting one side of the body, double vision, sensitivity to light and other neurologic problems. The diagnosis is difficult and is often made at advanced stages. Tests useful in the diagnosis include brain scans, biopsies, or spinal taps and in disseminated disease, biopsy of the involved sites and testing by the laboratory experts. Early diagnosis is important for the prognosis. No single drug is effective; hence multiple antibiotics are needed for successful treatment. A combination of surgical and medical interventions involving multiple specialty experts is required to prevent death and morbidity in survivors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000940 biolink:NamedThing trypanosomiasis Infection with protozoa of the genus trypanosoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001103 biolink:NamedThing giardiasis An infection of the small intestine caused by the flagellated protozoan giardia lamblia. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001955 biolink:NamedThing protozoal dysentery A dysentery that involves protozoan infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002154 biolink:NamedThing trichomoniasis An infection that is caused by Trichomonas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005629 biolink:NamedThing Acanthamoeba keratitis Keratitis due to infection by acanthamoeba; it is usually associated with soft contact lens wear, particularly overnight wear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005644 biolink:NamedThing amebiasis A parasitic infectious disorder caused by amoebas. The parasite may cause colitis which is manifested with bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea and fever. In rare cases it may spread to the liver, brain and lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005661 biolink:NamedThing babesiosis Babesiosis refers to a condition caused by microscopic parasites that infect the red blood cells. Many people who are infected with Babesia parasites do not experience any symptoms of the condition. When present, signs and symptoms may include flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, body aches, nausea and fatigue. In severe cases, babesiosis can be associated with hemolytic anemia. Babesia parasites are primarily spread by infected ticks. Treatment is generally only required in people who develop symptoms of the condition. When necessary, affected people are often prescribed a combination of antimicrobial medications along with supportive care to manage symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005662 biolink:NamedThing balantidiasis Infection by parasites of the genus balantidium. The presence of Balantidium in the large intestine leads to diarrhea; dysentery; and occasionally ulcer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005707 biolink:NamedThing coccidiosis A parasitic infection caused by Coccidia. It affects livestock, birds and humans. In humans the parasite infests the intestinal tract and may cause watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, nausea and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005978 biolink:NamedThing theileriasis Infection of cattle, sheep, or goats with protozoa of the genus theileria. This infection results in an acute or chronic febrile condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024608 biolink:NamedThing dientamoebiasis Gastrointestinal infection with organisms of the genus dientamoeba. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020067 biolink:NamedThing infectious encephalitis An acute infectious process that affects the brain tissue. It is usually caused by viruses and less often by bacteria, parasites, and fungi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000937 biolink:NamedThing syphilitic encephalitis An encephalitis caused by infection with Treponema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005817 biolink:NamedThing Kluver-Bucy syndrome Kluver Bucy syndrome is a rare behavioral impairment characterized byinappropriate sexual behaviors and mouthing of objects. Other signs and symptoms, includea diminished ability to visually recognize objects,loss of normal fear and anger responses, memory loss, distractibility, seizures, and dementia. It is associated with damage to the anterior temporal lobes of the brain. Cases have been reported in association with herpes encephalitis and head trauma. Treatment is symptomatic and may include the use of psychotropic medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016318 biolink:NamedThing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a neurological disorder that damages the myelin that covers and protects nerves in the white matter of the brain. It is caused by the JC virus (JCV). By age 10, most people have been infected with this virus, but itrarelycauses symptoms unless the immune system becomes severely weakened.The disease occurs, rarely, in organ transplant patients; people undergoing chronic corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy; and individuals with cancer, such as Hodgkins disease, lymphoma, and sarcoidosis. PML is most common among individuals with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016991 biolink:NamedThing acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood is a rare neurologic disease characterized by a rapid onset of seizures, an altered state of consciousness, neurologic decline, and variable degrees of hepatic dysfunction following a respiratory or gastrointesitnal infection (e.g. mycoplasma, influenza virus) in a previously healthy child. Brain MRI of patients reveals bilateral, multiple, symmetrical lesions predominantly observed in thalami and brainstem, but also in periventricular white matter and cerebellum in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019377 biolink:NamedThing Mycoplasma encephalitis Mycoplasma encephalitis is a rare infectious encephalitis characterized by an acute onset of neurological signs and symptoms (e.g. altered consciousness, seizures, headaches, meningeal signs, behavioral changes) due to bacterial infection by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Patients typically present unspecific signs and symptoms, such as fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, prior to onset of neurological manifestations and frequently have a history of a respiratory tract infection (e.g. pneumonia, bronchiolitis, pharyngitis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020069 biolink:NamedThing chronic encephalitis Chronic form of encephalitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021747 biolink:NamedThing Acanthamoeba infectious disease A infectious disease involving the Acanthamoeba. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000292 biolink:NamedThing philophthalmiasis A disease caused by infection with Philophthalmus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005739 biolink:NamedThing echinostomiasis Infection by flukes of the genus Echinostoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000293 biolink:NamedThing coenurosis A parasitic infection that develops in the intermediate hosts of some tapeworm species (Taenia multiceps, T. serialis, T. brauni, or T. glomerata) and are caused by the coenurus, the larval stage of these worms. This disease occurs mainly in sheep and other ungulates, but occasionally can occur in humans too by accidental ingestion of worms' eggs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000367 biolink:NamedThing taeniasis A parasitic infection caused by tapeworms of the genus Taenia. Humans are infected by eating undercooked or raw meat of infected animals. It is usually an asymptomatic infection and patients may become aware of the infection by noticing segments of the tapeworm in their feces. If symptoms are present, they include nausea, abdominal pain, indigestion, constipation, or diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015484 biolink:NamedThing cysticercosis Cysticercosis is a parasitic infectious disease characterized by cyst formation in the target tissue of Taenia solium (tapeworm) parasite larvae ingested via the feces of a human with a tapeworm (human-to-human fecal-oral transmission) leading to variable clinical manifestations in muscle, the brain, spinal cord, and eyes. Infection of muscle tissue is generally asymptomatic. Cyst development in the brain and spinal cord is known as neurocysticercosis (NCC) and may cause seizures and headache. NCC can follow a serious course and may be life-threatening. Severe cases of cysticercosis are treated with albendazole and anti-inflammatory drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000294 biolink:NamedThing mesocestoidiasis An disease or disorder caused by infection with Mesocestoides. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042488 biolink:NamedThing Cestode infectious disease Infections with true tapeworms of the helminth subclass Cestoda. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005963 biolink:NamedThing sparganosis A condition resulting from infection with the second stage larvae of the parasite Spirometra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015260 biolink:NamedThing diphyllobothriasis Bothriocephalosis is a mammalian cosmopolitan intestinal parasitosis. In addition to non-specific digestive problems (nausea, abdominal pain, lack of appetite), bothriocephalosis provokes an anaemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency that resembles Biermer anaemia (anaemia characterised by abnormally large red blood cells). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000295 biolink:NamedThing acanthocephaliasis An disease or disorder caused by infection with Acanthocephala. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004664 biolink:NamedThing helminthiasis A parasitic infection characterized by the infestation with worms, mainly in the intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004662 biolink:NamedThing heterophyiasis An infection that is caused by the intestinal fluke Heterophyes heterophyes, which is most commonly found in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004666 biolink:NamedThing metagonimiasis An infection that is most commonly caused by the intestinal fluke Metagonimus yokogawai, which is most commonly found in the Far East, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004668 biolink:NamedThing fascioliasis A parasitic infection that is caused by liver flukes, usually Fasciola hepatica, of sheep, goats, and cattle. Humans become infected by eating uncooked, infested aquatic vegetation (classically watercress). adult flukes inhabit the bile ducts, gallbladder, and occasionally ectopic sites. Symptoms arise secondary to inflammatory response or obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004672 biolink:NamedThing fasciolopsiasis A small bowel infection that is caused by Fasciolopsis buski, which is endemic in the Far East and Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of raw or undercooked aquatic plants. The spectrum of manifestations range from asymptomatic to intestinal symptoms from local invasion or allergic response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004755 biolink:NamedThing monieziasis Infection of ruminants with tapeworms of the genus Moniezia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005705 biolink:NamedThing clonorchiasis Infection of the biliary passages with clonorchis sinensis, also called Opisthorchis sinensis. It may lead to inflammation of the biliary tract, proliferation of biliary epithelium, progressive portal fibrosis, and sometimes bile duct carcinoma. Extension to the liver may lead to fatty changes and cirrhosis. (From Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005729 biolink:NamedThing dicrocoeliasis Infection with flukes of the genus Dicrocoelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005759 biolink:NamedThing fascioloidiasis Infection of cattle and other herbivores with the giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna. It is characterized by extensive destruction of the liver parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005776 biolink:NamedThing gnathomiasis An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Gnathostoma, which is commonly found in Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of contaminated raw/undercooked birds, eels, fish, frogs, or reptiles. The pattern of symptoms is species-dependent, and extraintestinal manifestations are due to larval migration (e.g., pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilic meningitis, or painful, pruritic subcutaneous swellings, and peripheral blood eosinophilia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005802 biolink:NamedThing hymenolepiasis A parasitic infection caused by tapeworms. Most infected individuals do not have symptoms. When symptoms appear, they include diarrhea, abdominal pain, restlessness, and irritability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005870 biolink:NamedThing necatoriasis A disorder caused by an infection with hookworms of the genus Necator, which settle in the host's small intestine, and cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005871 biolink:NamedThing Nematoda infectious disease Infections caused by nematode larvae which never develop into the adult stage and migrate through various body tissues. They commonly infect the skin, eyes, and viscera in humans. Ancylostoma brasiliensis causes cutaneous larva migrans. Toxocara causes visceral larva migrans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005884 biolink:NamedThing opisthorchiasis Infection with flukes of the genus Opisthorchis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005895 biolink:NamedThing paragonimiasis A parasitic infection caused by trematodes of the Paragonimus genus. Humans are infected from ingestion of raw or undercooked food. It results in chronic lung infection and eosinophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016075 biolink:NamedThing filariasis A parasitic disease caused by tissue-invasive, vector-borne nematodes which can be found anywhere in the human body and that are transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito or fly or by consumption of unsafe drinking water and which, depending on the subtype can manifest with lymphedema, dermatitis, subcutaneous edema and eye involvement. The disorder is a major public health problem in many tropical and subtropical countries. Six subtypes have been described in the literature: lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonelliasis, dirofilariasis and dracunculiasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and filarioidea of the genus Brugia; Onchocerca volvulus; Loa loa; Mansonella; Dirofilaria; and Dracunculus medinensis, respectively. Tropical eosinophilia is considered a frequent manifestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019143 biolink:NamedThing angiostrongyliasis A foodborne zoonotic disease, endemic to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, caused by the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis and that is acquired by the ingestion of the infective larvae on vegetables or in raw or undercooked snails, slugs, land crabs, freshwater shrimps, frogs and lizards. The main feature is eosinophilic meningitis, with clinical manifestations including fever, headache, malaise, fatigue, vomiting, rhinorrhea, blurred vision, diplopia, cough, stiff neck, enteritis, constipation and paraesthesia due to the movement of the worms from the intestines to the lungs, central nervous system and eyes. In severe cases without treatment, coma and death can occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024271 biolink:NamedThing intestinal helminthiasis A parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease that involves the intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000297 biolink:NamedThing baylisascariasis An infection that is caused by the raccoon nematode Baylisascaris procyonis, which is transmitted by the ingestion of embryonated eggs in contaminated soil; symptoms depend on larval migration sites (visceral organs, eye, or brain) provoking severe inflammatory responses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005656 biolink:NamedThing Ascaridida infectious disease Infections with nematodes of the order ascaridida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005654 biolink:NamedThing ascariasis An infection that is caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, many cases of which remain asymptomatic. During the transient larval migratory phase, shortness of breath, fever, and eosinophilia can occur. Depending on the intestinal worm burden, a spectrum of gastrointestinal tract symptoms can occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005655 biolink:NamedThing ascaridiasis Infection with nematodes of the genus ascaridia. This condition usually occurs in fowl, often manifesting diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005987 biolink:NamedThing toxascariasis Infections with nematodes of the genus toxascaris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005988 biolink:NamedThing toxocariasis A parasitic infection caused by worms found in domestic animals. In humans nematode larvae enter the portal system from the small intestine and disseminate in visceral organs causing inflammatory reactions. Signs and symptoms include eosinophilia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lung infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015200 biolink:NamedThing anisakiasis Infection with roundworms of the genus anisakis. Human infection results from the consumption of fish harboring roundworm larvae. The worms may cause acute nausea; vomiting; or penetrate into the wall of the digestive tract where they give rise to eosinophilic granuloma in the stomach; intestines; or the omentum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000298 biolink:NamedThing dioctophymiasis A disease caused by infection with Dioctophyme renale. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005745 biolink:NamedThing Enoplea infectious disease Infections with nematodes of the order enoplida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001532 biolink:NamedThing capillariasis A infectious disease involving the Capillaria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005996 biolink:NamedThing trichuriasis An infection that is caused by the nematode Trichuris trichiura, a soil-transmitted helminth, which is transmitted via food and/or water contaminated with the eggs of the worm. Symptoms are usually mild and include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and possibly anemia secondary to blood loss in diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019444 biolink:NamedThing trichinellosis A zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked meat (pork and wild game) infected by nematodes of the genus Trichinella and that is characterized by an enteral (intestinal) phase, that can be asymptomatic or that can manifests with diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, and a parenteral (muscular) phase, manifesting with fever, periorbital edema, muscle swelling and pain, weakness, and in some cases, skin rash and peripheral edema. Rarely, potentially fatal cardiac (i.e. myocarditis), pulmonary (i.e. pneumonitis, respiratory failure), and nervous system (i.e. meningoencephalitis) complications may occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000299 biolink:NamedThing thelaziasis A disease caused by infection with Thelazia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005943 biolink:NamedThing Rhabditida infectious disease Infections with nematodes of the order rhabditida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005731 biolink:NamedThing dipetalonemiasis A parasitic infection caused by genus of filarial worms called Dipetalonema. It produces microfilariae in the blood and body fluids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005746 biolink:NamedThing enterobiasis An infection that is caused by the nematode Enterobius vermicularis; it is characterized predominantly by perianal pruritus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005957 biolink:NamedThing setariasis Infection with nematodes of the genus Setaria. This condition is usually seen in cattle and equines and is of little pathogenic significance, although migration of the worm to the eye may lead to blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005974 biolink:NamedThing strongyloidiasis An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Strongyloides, most commonly Strongyloides stercoralis, which is a soil-transmitted helminth, and which is characterized by a variety of gastrointestinal, dermatologic, and, occasionally, pulmonary manifestations. The worm's autoinfective life cycle can lead to hyper-infection and life-threatening dissemination in immunocompromised hosts decades after initial infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015636 biolink:NamedThing dirofilariasis Infection with nematodes of the genus dirofilaria, usually in animals, especially dogs, but occasionally in humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016472 biolink:NamedThing dracunculiasis Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) characterized by a painful burning skin lesion from which the Dracunculus medinensis parasite emerges approximately 1 year after infection resulting from consumption of unsafe drinking water containing parasite-infected copepods (Cyclops spp., microcrustacea also called water fleas). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020959 biolink:NamedThing Mansonella ozzardi infection An infection that is caused by the organism Mansonella ozzardi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000301 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmomyiasis An myiasis caused by infection with Oestrus ovis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005805 biolink:NamedThing hypodermyiasis Infestation with larvae of the genus Hypoderma, the warble fly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000302 biolink:NamedThing basidiobolomycosis A disease caused by infection with Basidiobolus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019136 biolink:NamedThing Zygomycosis Any infection due to a fungus of the Zygomycota phylum. The disease typically involves the rhino-facial-cranial area, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, skin, or less commonly other organ systems. The infecting fungi have a predilection for invading vessels of the arterial system, causing embolization and subsequent necrosis of surrounding tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015908 biolink:NamedThing chromomycosis Chromomycosis is a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infection, found mainly in subtropical and tropical areas (in soil and plant debris and transmitted by traumatic inoculation), and characterized clinically by slow growing, verrucous nodules, squamous plaques, or chronic limited lesions which are most commonly found on the lower limbs and which are characterized histologically by the presence of muriform cells. It is caused by dematiaceous fungi, with the main etiological agents being Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa and Cladophialophora carrionii. Rarely, it can be caused by Rhinocladiella aquaspersa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000304 biolink:NamedThing penicilliosis A disease caused by infection with Talaromyces marneffei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045033 biolink:NamedThing opportunistic systemic mycosis A mycosis that arises from infection in an immunologically compromised host and is systemic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000306 biolink:NamedThing trichosporonosis Fungal infections caused by trichosporon that may become systemic especially in an immunocompromised host. Clinical manifestations range from superficial cutaneous infections to systemic lesions in multiple organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042233 biolink:NamedThing disseminated candidiasis Systemic candidiasis occurs when Candida yeast enters the bloodstream and may spread (becoming disseminated candidiasis) to other organs, including the central nervous system, kidneys, liver, bones, muscles, joints, spleen, or eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000307 biolink:NamedThing parasitic Ichthyosporea infectious disease A disease caused by infection with Ichthyosporea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005135 biolink:NamedThing parasitic infectious disease A successful invasion of a host by an organism that uses the host for food and shelter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005724 biolink:NamedThing cryptococcosis An acute or chronic, localized or disseminated infection by Cryptococcus neoformans. Sites of involvement include the lungs, central nervous system and meninges, skin, and visceral organs.--2004 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005846 biolink:NamedThing microsporidiosis A fungal infection caused by Microsporidia. It occurs in immunocompromised patients, causing diarrhea and wasting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015675 biolink:NamedThing distomatosis Distomatosis is a group of parasitoses caused by flat worms that live in contact with epitheliums. Clinical classification depends on the organ infected by the adult parasite: liver, lungs, or intestines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018500 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous larva migrans Cutaneous larva migrans is a rare parasitic disease characterized by single or multiple, linear or serpinginous, erythematous, slightly elevated cutaneous tracks caused by the larval migration of various nematode species. Tracks are variable in length, generally a few millimeters wide and are frequently located on the feet (although any area of the body is possible). Patients typically present with severe, intractable pruritus, which, in some cases, may cause impaired concentration, loss of sleep, and mood disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019028 biolink:NamedThing amoebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica A parasitic disease caused by the protozoa, Entamoeba histolytica, mainly occurring in tropical regions after the ingestion of an amoebic cyst, and resulting in clinical manifestations that may range from an asymptomatic state to amoebic colitis (violent abdominal pain, a painful contracted feeling around the anal sphincter, blood and mucus in the stools but without the presence of fever), or amoebic liver abscesses (fever, chills, abdominal pain, weight loss, hepatomegaly) that can be fatal if not immediately treated. Extraintestinal involvement elsewhere (i.e. thoracic, hepatic) is extremely rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019036 biolink:NamedThing amoebiasis due to free-living amoebae Free-living amebae belonging to the genera Acanthamoeba, Balamuthia, Naegleria and Sappinia are important causes of disease in humans and animals. Naegleria fowleri produces an acute, and usually lethal, central nervous system (CNS) disease called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Acanthamoeba spp. and Balamuthia mandrillaris are opportunistic free-living amebae capable of causing granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE) in individuals with compromised immune systems. Sappinia pedata has been implicated in a case of amebic encephalitis. Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba spp., are commonly found in lakes, swimming pools, tap water, and heating and air conditioning units. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020947 biolink:NamedThing parasitic eye infection Mild to severe infections of the eye and its adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or metazoan parasites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024314 biolink:NamedThing parasitemia The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024315 biolink:NamedThing parasitic endophthalmitis Infection of the epicondyles by a parasite. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042484 biolink:NamedThing disseminated sporotrichosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000309 biolink:NamedThing aniseikonia A condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye differs in size and shape from that seen by the other. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004892 biolink:NamedThing refractive error A defect in the focusing of light on the retina as in astigmatism, myopia, or hyperopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001330 biolink:NamedThing presbyopia The normal decreasing elasticity of the crystalline lens that leads to loss of accommodation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001390 biolink:NamedThing transient refractive change DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001478 biolink:NamedThing anisometropia A condition of an inequality of refractive power of the two eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004891 biolink:NamedThing hyperopia A refractive error in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus behind the retina, as a result of the eyeball being too short from front to back. It is also called farsightedness because the near point is more distant than it is in emmetropia with an equal amplitude of accommodation. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011284 biolink:NamedThing astigmatism Unequal curvature of the refractive surfaces of the eye. Thus a point source of light cannot be brought to a point focus on the retina but is spread over a more or less diffuse area. This results from the radius of curvature in one plane being longer or shorter than the radius at right angles to it. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000313 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemia Lower than normal levels of phosphates in the circulating blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002319 biolink:NamedThing phosphorus metabolism disease A metabolic disorder that affects the phosphate homeostasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000328 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatemia Abnormally high level of phosphate in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000314 biolink:NamedThing primary bacterial infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005113 biolink:NamedThing bacterial infectious disease An acute infectious disorder that is caused by gram positive or gram negative bacteria; representative examples include pneumococcal, streptococcal, salmonella, and meningeal infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000315 biolink:NamedThing commensal bacterial infectious disease A bacterial infectious disease that results in infection by bacteria which are part of the normal human flora when one or more of the defense mechanisms designed to restrict them from the usually sterile internal tissues are breached by accident, by intent (surgery), or by an underlying metabolic or an infectious disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000316 biolink:NamedThing opportunistic bacterial infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000409 biolink:NamedThing chorioamnionitis A morphologic finding indicating inflammation of the fetal sac membranes. It is characterized by neutrophilic infiltration of the amnion and chorion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000705 biolink:NamedThing Clostridium difficile colitis A bacterial infection of the colon secondary to infection with Clostridium difficile bacteria. This infection generally results from the loss of normal gut flora secondary to recent antibiotic use, and manifests as copious watery stools, with associated abdominal pain and myalgia. C. difficile is the most common cause of pseudomembranous colitis, and can progress to toxic megacolon if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004471 biolink:NamedThing bacterial arthritis The inflammation of one or more joints caused by a bacterial infection within the joint space. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004652 biolink:NamedThing bacterial pneumonia Acute infection of the lung parenchyma caused by bacteria (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila). Signs and symptoms include productive cough, fever, chills, shortness of breath, and chest pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005117 biolink:NamedThing Aeromonas hydrophila infectious disease Aeromonas hydrophila infection is a bacterial disease caused by infection from the Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005121 biolink:NamedThing Enterococcus faecalis infection A bacterial infection induced by Enterococcus faecalis which is the most prevalent species (along with Enterococcus faecium) cultured from humans, accounting for more than 90% of clinical isolates. Enterococci are part of the normal intestinal flora of humans and animals. They have been long recognized as important human pathogens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005122 biolink:NamedThing Pectobacterium carotovorum infection A bacterial infection induced by Pectobacterium carotovorum which is is a bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae. This bacterius is a ubiquitous plant pathogen with a wide host range (carrot, potato, tomato, leafy greens, squash and other cucurbits, onion, green peppers, African violets etc.), able to cause disease in almost any plant tissue it invades. It is a very economically important pathogen in terms of postharvest losses, and a common cause of decay in stored fruits and vegetables. Decay caused by E. carotovora is often simply referred to as "bacterial soft rot" (BSR) though this may also be caused by other bacteria. Most plants or plant parts can resist invasion by the bacteria, unless some type of wound is present. High humidity and temperatures around 30°C favor development of decay. Mutants can be produced which are less virulent. Virulence factors include: pectinases, cellulases, (which degrade plant cell walls), and also proteases, lipases, xylanases and nucleases (along with the normal virulence factors for pathogens – Fe acquisition, LPS integrity, multiple global regulatory systems). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005141 biolink:NamedThing Pseudomonas infection Infections with bacteria of the genus pseudomonas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005229 biolink:NamedThing bacterial infectious disease with sepsis An infectious disease caused by bacteria causing sepsis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005242 biolink:NamedThing empyema An accumulation of pus in a body cavity, usually the pleural space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005247 biolink:NamedThing bacterial urinary tract infection A bacterial infectious process affecting any part of the urinary tract, most commonly the bladder and the urethra. Symptoms include urinary urgency and frequency, burning sensation during urination, lower abdominal discomfort, and cloudy urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005323 biolink:NamedThing bacterial sexually transmitted disease Bacterial diseases that are potentially transmitted or propagated by sexual conduct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005373 biolink:NamedThing meningococcal infection Infections with bacteria of the species neisseria meningitidis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005901 biolink:NamedThing pasteurellosis Infections with bacteria of the genus pasteurella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005925 biolink:NamedThing pneumonic pasteurellosis Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that have been shipped or exposed to cattle recently transported. The major agent responsible for the disease is mannheimia haemolytica and less commonly, pasteurella multocida or haemophilus somnus. All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal pharyngeal mucosa but not the lung. They are considered opportunistic pathogens following stress, physiological and/or a viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous bronchopneumonia is often fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006636 biolink:NamedThing Actinobacillus infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus actinobacillus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006668 biolink:NamedThing bacterial conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by a variety of bacterial agents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006669 biolink:NamedThing bacterial endocarditis Endocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006670 biolink:NamedThing bacterial meningitis Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord due to a bacterial infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006706 biolink:NamedThing Bifidobacteriales infectious disease Infections with BACTERIA of the order Bifidobacteriales. This includes infections in the genera BIFIDOBACTERIUM and GARDNERELLA, in the family Bifidobacteriaceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006926 biolink:NamedThing haemophilus infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus haemophilus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006929 biolink:NamedThing Proteus infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus proteus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006937 biolink:NamedThing pulpitis Inflammation of the dental pulp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006956 biolink:NamedThing Rickettsiosis A group of infectious diseases that is caused by Rickettsia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007014 biolink:NamedThing vibrio infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus vibrio. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007023 biolink:NamedThing Yersinia infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus yersinia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016127 biolink:NamedThing bacterial myositis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017124 biolink:NamedThing noma Noma is a gangrenous disease that causes severe destruction of the soft and osseous tissues of the face. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018111 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic severe pneumococcemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018602 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing soft tissue infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020590 biolink:NamedThing mycobacterial infectious disease Infection due to organisms from the genus Mycobacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020920 biolink:NamedThing escherichia coli infection Infection with the organism Escherichia Coli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021678 biolink:NamedThing gram-negative bacterial infections Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021679 biolink:NamedThing gram-positive bacterial infections Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021839 biolink:NamedThing spirochaetales infections Infections with bacteria of the order SPIROCHAETALES. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024313 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcal infection An infection caused by Staphylococcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024389 biolink:NamedThing anaerobic bacteria infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030603 biolink:NamedThing Klebsiella infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043352 biolink:NamedThing fournier gangrene An acute necrotic infection of the SCROTUM; PENIS; or PERINEUM. It is characterized by scrotum pain and redness with rapid progression to gangrene and sloughing of tissue. Fournier gangrene is usually secondary to perirectal or periurethral infections associated with local trauma, operative procedures, or urinary tract disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044746 biolink:NamedThing zoonotic bacterial infection A bacterial infection that is transmitted from animals to people. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0400006 biolink:NamedThing botryomycosis A rare chronic suppurative bacterial infection involving mostly subcutaneous tissues and less frequently other organs. Botryomycosis is mostly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but the exact pathogenesis remains uncertain. Treatment often requires a combination of both surgical debridement and long-term antimicrobial therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600003 biolink:NamedThing bacterial hemorrhagic fever A hemorrhagic fever caused by bacteria. Bacterial hemorrhagic disease is rare. One example of a bacterial hemorrhagic disease is scrub typhus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000320 biolink:NamedThing glandular tularemia A tularemia that involves the lymph node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004928 biolink:NamedThing lymph node disorder Any disorder of the lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002052 biolink:NamedThing lymphadenitis Acute or chronic inflammation of one or more lymph nodes. It is usually caused by an infectious process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005831 biolink:NamedThing lymph node tuberculosis Tuberculosis of the lymph node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024339 biolink:NamedThing lymph node neoplasm A neoplasm involving a lymph node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000321 biolink:NamedThing typhoidal tularemia A tularemia that results in bacteremia and has symptom fever, has symptom chills, has symptom myalgia, has symptom malaise, and has symptom weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001413 biolink:NamedThing ulceroglandular tularemia A tularemia that results in painful regional lymphadenopathy and an ulcerated skin lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001665 biolink:NamedThing oculoglandular tularemia A tularemia that results in inflammation of eye and swelling of lymph glands in front of the ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001916 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal tularemia A tularemia that results in formation of ulcerative lesions located in gastrointestinal tract. The infection has symptom fever, has symptom chills, has symptom malaise, has symptom muscle aches, and has symptom vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002212 biolink:NamedThing pneumonic tularemia A tularemia that is located in lungs. The bacteria are transmitted by breathing dusts or aerosols containing the organisms. The infection has symptom cough, has symptom chest has symptom pain, and has symptom difficulty breathing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000327 biolink:NamedThing Buruli ulcer disease A cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. It presents with painless nodular swelling of the skin, leading to the formation of necrotizing ulcers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000827 biolink:NamedThing salmonellosis Infections with bacteria of the genus salmonella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000979 biolink:NamedThing pinta disease An endemic bacterial infection caused by Treponema carateum. It is manifested with chronic cutaneous lesions. The early lesions consist of papules and erythematous plaques. The late lesions consist of hypochromic, achromic, hyperpigmented and atrophic lesions. The late skin lesions may cause destruction of bones and cartilage and produce disfiguring changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001797 biolink:NamedThing chancroid Chancroid is a bacterial infection that is spread through sexual contact. It is caused by a type of bacteria called Haemophilus ducreyi. Chancroid is characterized by a small bump on the genital which becomes a painful ulcer. Men may have just one ulcer, but women often develop four or more.About half of the people who are infected with a chancroid will develop enlarged inguinal lymph nodes, the nodes located in the fold between the leg and the lower abdomen. In some cases, the nodes will break through the skin and cause draining abscesses. The swollen lymph nodes and abscesses are often called buboes. Chancroid infections can be treated with antibiotics, including azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin. Large lymph node swellings need to be drained, either with a needle or local surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004277 biolink:NamedThing gonorrhea A common sexually transmitted bacterial infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is transmitted through vaginal, oral, or anal intercourse. Infected individuals may be asymptomatic. Symptoms in males include burning sensation during urination, discharge from the penis, and painful swelling of the testes. Symptoms in females include painful urination, vaginal discharge, and vaginal bleeding between periods. If untreated, the infection may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005119 biolink:NamedThing anthrax infection An infection caused by Bacillus anthracis bacteria. It may affect the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, or skin. Patients with lung infection present with fever, headaches, cough, chest pain and shortness of breath. Patients with gastrointestinal infection present with nausea, vomiting and bloody diarrhea. Patients with skin infection develop blisters and ulcers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005124 biolink:NamedThing leprosy Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease affecting primarily the skin and peripheral nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005498 biolink:NamedThing botulism A serious bacterial infection caused by botulinum toxin which is produced by Clostridium botulinum. Patients are infected usually by ingestion of contaminated food or wound contamination. It leads to muscle paralysis which may result in respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005504 biolink:NamedThing diphtheria A Gram-positive bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It usually involves the oral cavity, pharynx, and nasal cavity. Patients develop pseudomembranes in the affected areas and manifest signs and symptoms of an upper respiratory infection. The diphtheria toxin may cause myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic effects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005526 biolink:NamedThing tetanus A serious infectious disorder that follows wound contamination by the Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium tetani. The bacteria produce a neurotoxin called tetanospasmin, which causes muscle spasm in the jaw and other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005664 biolink:NamedThing bartonellosis An infectious disease produced by bacteria of the genus Bartonella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005683 biolink:NamedThing brucellosis Brucellosis is a bacterial infection that spreads from animals to people via unpasteurized dairy products or by exposure to contaminated animal products or infected animals. Animals that are most commonly infected include sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, and dogs. Brucellosis can cause of range of signs and symptoms, some of which may persist or recur. Initial symptoms may include fever, sweats, malaise, anorexia, headache, fatigue, and/or pain in the muscles, joints, and/or back. Symptoms that may persist or recur include fevers, arthritis, swelling of the testicle and scrotum, swelling of the heart (endocarditis), neurologic symptoms (in up to 5% of cases), chronic fatigue, depression, and/or swelling of the liver or spleen. People who are in jobs or settings that increase exposure to the bacteria are at increased risk for infection. Antibiotics are used to treat brucellosis. Recovery may take a few weeks to several months, and relapses are common. Death from brucellosis is rare, occurring in no more than 2% of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005774 biolink:NamedThing glanders A condition resulting from infection by Burkholderia mallei, which mainly affects horses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005777 biolink:NamedThing granuloma inguinale A condition resulting from infection by Klebsiella granulomati, which is characterized by ulcerative lesions of the genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005823 biolink:NamedThing legionellosis Any disease caused by Legionella bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005825 biolink:NamedThing leptospirosis A contagious bacterial infection caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Humans are infected by contact with water and soil which have been contaminated with animal waste products. The signs and symptoms include an initial flu-like phase, followed by a second phase in which patients may develop meningitis, liver failure and renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005888 biolink:NamedThing ornithosis Disease caused by the Chlamydophila psittaci bacteria, usually transmitted from birds to humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005945 biolink:NamedThing rhinoscleroma A granulomatous disease caused by klebsiella rhinoscleromatis infection. Despite its name, this disease is not limited to the nose and nasopharynx but may affect any part of the respiratory tract, sometimes with extension to the lip and the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005971 biolink:NamedThing staphyloenterotoxemia Food poisoning that is caused by Staphylococcal infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005976 biolink:NamedThing syphilis A contagious bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is a sexually transmitted disorder, although it can also be transmitted from the mother to the fetus in utero. Typically, it is initially manifested with a single sore which heals without treatment. If the infection is left untreated, the initial stage is followed by skin rash and mucous membrane lesions. A late stage follows, which is characterized by damage of the internal organs, including the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015766 biolink:NamedThing cholera Cholera is an infectious disease, caused by intestinal infection with Vibrio cholerae, characterized by massive watery diarrhea and severe dehydration that can lead to shock and death if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017775 biolink:NamedThing melioidosis An infection that is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is found in soil and water; symptoms vary widely, but most commonly include fever, cough, pneumonia, arthralgia, myalgia, and skin ulceration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018076 biolink:NamedThing tuberculosis A chronic, recurrent infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) may affect almost any tissue or organ of the body with the lungs being the most common site of infection. The clinical stages of TB are primary or initial infection, latent or dormant infection, and recrudescent or adult-type TB. Ninety to 95% of primary TB infections may go unrecognized. Histopathologically, tissue lesions consist of granulomas which usually undergo central caseation necrosis. Local symptoms of TB vary according to the part affected; acute symptoms include hectic fever, sweats, and emaciation; serious complications include granulomatous erosion of pulmonary bronchi associated with hemoptysis. If untreated, progressive TB may be associated with a high degree of mortality. This infection is frequently observed in immunocompromised individuals with AIDS or a history of illicit IV drug use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019345 biolink:NamedThing shigellosis Shigellosis is a bacterial infection leading to dysentery and is caused by Shigella, which are small, ubiquitous Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the enterobacteria family. There are four species: S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii and S. sonnei, all of which cause bacillary dysentery and are strictly limited to human hosts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020532 biolink:NamedThing spirillary rat-bite fever Spirillary rat-bite fever (RBF), also known as Sodoku (Japanese for so: rat and doku: poison), is caused by the gram-negative bacillus Spirillum minus and is transmitted to humans through the bites and scratches of rats. The disease is mostly present in Asia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020533 biolink:NamedThing streptobacillary rat-bite fever Streptobacillary rat-bite fever (RBF) is a systemic zoonosis caused by the aerobic gram-negative bacterium Streptobacillus moniliformis and is transmitted to humans through the bites and scratches of infected rats. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017832 biolink:NamedThing mycobacterium xenopi infection A disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium xenopi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043314 biolink:NamedThing aquarium granuloma A skin condition caused by Mycobacterium marinum, characterized by a skin lesion that presents roughly three weeks after exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000330 biolink:NamedThing endemic typhus A bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia typhi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019362 biolink:NamedThing epidemic louse-borne typhus A gram-negative bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia prowazekii. It is spread by lice infected with the bacteria. Signs and symptoms include sudden headache, generalized muscle pain, malaise, and macular skin lesions. The infection may affect the central nervous system causing encephalitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019365 biolink:NamedThing scrub typhus Scrub typhus is a rare dust mite-borne infectious disease caused by the Orientia tsutsugamushi bacterium and characterized clinically by an eruptive fever which is potentially serious. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024416 biolink:NamedThing Neorickettsia infectious disease A disease caused by infection with Neorickettsia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000333 biolink:NamedThing early congenital syphilis A congenital syphilis that is manifested between 0 and 2 years old. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005714 biolink:NamedThing congenital syphilis A life-threatening bacterial infection of the newborn caused by Treponema pallidum. It is transmitted to the infant from a mother with syphilis through the placenta during pregnancy. Signs and symptoms include irritability, fever, failure to thrive, saddle nose, cutaneous rash, and pneumonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005821 biolink:NamedThing late congenital syphilis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006869 biolink:NamedThing nodular goiter Goiter characterized by discrete tissue mass(es) that may or may not produce thyroid hormones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000335 biolink:NamedThing parenchymatous neurosyphilis A tertiary neurosyphilis that results when chronic meningoencephalitis causes destruction of cortical parenchyma. The infection has symptom irritability, has symptom difficulty concentrating, has symptom deterioration of memory, has symptom defective judgment, has symptom headaches, has symptom insomnia, has symptom fatigue, and has symptom lethargy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004944 biolink:NamedThing neurosyphilis Infection of the brain or spinal cord by Treponema pallidum. It occurs many years following the original infection which remained untreated. Signs and symptoms include abnormal gait, blindness, depression, paralysis, seizures and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000336 biolink:NamedThing meningovascular neurosyphilis A tertiary neurosyphilis that results in inflammation located in arteries of the brain or located in arteries of spinal cord. The infection has symptom headache, has symptom neck stiffness, has symptom dizziness, has symptom behavioral abnormalities, has symptom poor concentration, has symptom memory loss, has symptom lassitude, has symptom insomnia, has symptom blurred vision, has symptom weakness and wasting of shoulder-girdle and arm muscles, has symptom slowly progressive leg weakness with urinary or fecal incontinence or both, and has symptom paralysis of the legs due to thrombosis of spinal arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000927 biolink:NamedThing asymptomatic neurosyphilis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005977 biolink:NamedThing tabes dorsalis A form of neurosyphilis characterized by slowly progressive degeneration of the spinal cord. Signs and symptoms include pain, ataxia, loss of coordination, personality changes, blindness, urinary incontinence, dementia, and degeneration of the joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005108 biolink:NamedThing viral infectious disease Any disease caused by a virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002595 biolink:NamedThing vaccinia The cutaneous and occasional systemic reactions associated with vaccination using smallpox (variola) vaccine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005055 biolink:NamedThing Kaposi's sarcoma A malignant neoplasm characterized by a vascular proliferation which usually contains blunt endothelial cells. Erythrocyte extravasation and hemosiderin deposition are frequently present. The most frequent site of involvement is the skin; however it may also occur internally. It generally develops in people with compromised immune systems including those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005717 biolink:NamedThing contagious pustular dermatitis An infectious dermatitis of sheep and goats, affecting primarily the muzzle and lips. It is caused by a poxvirus and may be transmitted to humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005751 biolink:NamedThing epidemic pleurodynia An acute, febrile, infectious disease generally occurring in epidemics. It is usually caused by coxsackieviruses B and sometimes by coxsackieviruses A; echoviruses; or other enteroviruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005791 biolink:NamedThing herpangina A viral infectious disease that results in infection located in mouth, has material basis in Human coxsackievirus A16, has material basis in Human enterovirus 71, has material basis in group B coxsackievirus, or has material basis in echoviruses, which are transmitted by ingestion of food contaminated with feces, transmitted by contact with pharyngeal secretions, or transmitted by droplet spread of oronasal secretions. The infection has symptom fever, has symptom sore throat, and has symptom lesions in the back area of the mouth, particularly the soft palate or tonsillar pillars. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005801 biolink:NamedThing human T-lymphotropic virus 1 infectious disease A viral infectious disease that results in increased proliferation of affected CD4 lymphocytes, has material basis in Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, which is transmitted by sexual contact, transmitted by contaminated needles used by intravenous-drug users, and transmitted by breast feeding. The person infected with HTLV-1 eventually develop an often rapidly fatal leukemia, while others will develop a debilitative myelopathy, uveitis, infectious dermatitis, or another inflammatory disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005830 biolink:NamedThing lumpy skin disease A poxvirus infection of cattle characterized by the appearance of nodules on all parts of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005850 biolink:NamedThing milker's nodule Virus diseases caused by the poxviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005855 biolink:NamedThing molluscum contagiosum A common, benign, usually self-limited viral infection of the skin and occasionally the conjunctivae by a poxvirus (molluscum contagiosum virus). (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005875 biolink:NamedThing Newcastle disease A condition caused by infection by the Newcastle disease virus, which may be characterized by conjunctivitis, respiratory illness, and diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005911 biolink:NamedThing pharyngoconjunctival fever A condition characterized by fever, conjunctivitis, and pharyngitis resulting from infection by adenovirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005932 biolink:NamedThing pseudorabies A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dogs, cats, rats, and other animals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005939 biolink:NamedThing Reoviridae infectious disease Infections produced by reoviruses, general or unspecified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016101 biolink:NamedThing neurolymphomatosis A transmissible viral disease of birds caused by avian herpesvirus 2 (herpesvirus 2, gallid) and other mardivirus. There is lymphoid cell infiltration or lymphomatous tumor formation in the peripheral nerves and gonads, but may also involve visceral organs, skin, muscle, and the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018093 biolink:NamedThing arbovirus fever Arbovirosis are polymorphic diseases caused by arboviruses and are classically characterized by encephalitis and hemorrhage, however, most commonly only aspecific fever is observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018107 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic recurrent and disabling cutaneous herpes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018110 biolink:NamedThing lethal idiopathic viral infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018583 biolink:NamedThing human infection by orthopoxvirus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019094 biolink:NamedThing congenital Epstein-Barr virus infection Congenital Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection causes no clinical manifestations in the majority of infants. Indeed, the occurrence of congenital infection with EBV has never been demonstrated conclusively and must be very rare. One case have been reported to present after birth, multiple congenital anomalies (micrognathia, cryptorchidism, central cataracts), dystrophy, generalized hypotonia, hepatosplenomegaly, diffuse petechiae and hematomas and multiple areas of metaphysitis of the long bones at birth. A low birth weight was also reported. No specific follow-up of the fetus is recommended following maternal EBV primary-infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019173 biolink:NamedThing rabies Rabies is a viral zoonosis leading to a fatal encephalopathy if not treated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020950 biolink:NamedThing viral eye infection Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc. Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents. Among these are Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Poxvirus, and Myxovirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024352 biolink:NamedThing viral respiratory tract infection A respiratory tract infection caused by a virus. Viruses represent the most common causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections and include rhinoviruses, influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100163 biolink:NamedThing COVID-19–associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children A inflammatory syndrome in children infected by the SARS-CoV-2 with similarities to Kawasaki disease. Clinical manifestations range from fever and inflammation to myocardial injury, shock, and development of coronary artery aneurysms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100329 biolink:NamedThing primary viral infectious disease The initial viral infectious disase that causes illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100330 biolink:NamedThing disease arising from reactivation of latent virus An infectious disease that arises from reactivation of a virus from a latent phase to a lytic phase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006547 biolink:NamedThing exanthem Any change in the skin which affects its appearance or texture. A rash may be localized to one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, dry, cracked or blistered, swell and may be painful. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006528 biolink:NamedThing bacterial exanthem A bacteria-induced exanthem DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006601 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis rosea A mild, self-limited skin disorder that is most commonly seen in children and young adults. It is characterized by an initial large round spot on the chest, abdomen, or back, often referred to as a herald patch, that is usually followed within a week by a distinctive pattern of similar but smaller papules on the torso, arms, and legs. There may also be itching, especially when overheated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006619 biolink:NamedThing viral exanthem A virus-induced exanthem DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021739 biolink:NamedThing prurigo A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of unknown cause. The characteristic course is the formation of a dome-shaped papule with a small transient vesicle on top, followed by crusting over or lichenification. (From Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024249 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis lichenoides A rare cutaneous disorder of unknown etiology that can present either as an acute condition, with multiple papular lesions which become vesicular and necrotic (pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta) or chronic, with small, scaling papules (pityriasis lichenoides chronica). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024343 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis simplex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024344 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis folliculorum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024345 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis streptogenes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024346 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis amiantacea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024349 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis alba DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024350 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis steatoides DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100017 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis rubra pilaris A group of skin conditions that cause constant inflammation and scaling of the skin. People with PRP have reddish, scaly patches that may occur everywhere on the body, or only on certain areas. Some people with PRP also develop thickened skin on the underside of the hands and feet (palmoplantar keratoderma), various nail abnormalities, and/or thinning of the hair. There are several types of PRP classified by age when symptoms begin, body areas involved, and whether other conditions are present. This condition occurs in adults (adult onset PRP) as well as children (juvenile onset PRP). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004651 biolink:NamedThing smallpox A condition that is caused by infection with Variola, and that is characterized by small, raised bumps. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004720 biolink:NamedThing variola minor infection A orthopoxvirus that causes a milder clinical syndrome than smallpox. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000339 biolink:NamedThing spinal polio A paralytic poliomyelitis in which the site of paralysis is the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000341 biolink:NamedThing paralytic poliomyelitis A poliomyelitis that results in destruction located in motor neurons of central nervous system, has material basis in Human poliovirus 1, has material basis in Human poliovirus 2, or has material basis in Human poliovirus 3, which are transmitted by ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces, or transmitted by direct contact with the oral secretions. The infection has symptom loss of reflexes, has symptom muscle spasms, and has symptom acute flaccid paralysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000340 biolink:NamedThing bulbospinal polio A paralytic poliomyelitis in which the site of paralysis is the bulbospinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005684 biolink:NamedThing bulbar polio A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons of the medulla oblongata of the brain stem. Clinical features include impaired respiration, hypertension, alterations of vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p765) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003231 biolink:NamedThing acute nonparalytic poliomyelitis A poliomyelitis that does not exhibit paralysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017416 biolink:NamedThing postpoliomyelitis syndrome Postpoliomyelitis syndrome (PPS) is a neurologic disorder characterized by the development of new neuromuscular symptoms such as progressive muscular weakness or abnormal muscle fatigability occurring in survivors of the acute paralytic form of poliomyelitis, 15-40 years after recovery from the disease, and that is unexplained by other medical causes. Other manifestations that can occur gradually include generalized fatigue, muscle atrophy, muscle and joint pain, intolerance to cold, and difficulties sleeping, swallowing or breathing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005643 biolink:NamedThing Alphavirus infectious disease Virus diseases caused by members of the alphavirus genus of the family togaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000343 biolink:NamedThing Barmah forest virus disease A disease caused by infection with Barmah Forest virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019380 biolink:NamedThing western equine encephalitis An acute arboviral infection caused by an alphavirus of the Togaviridae family transmitted by an infected mosquito, that more frequently affects children and that is characterized by the presence of mild flulike symptoms (fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia) but that can progress to weakness, altered mental status, photophobia, mental confusion, seizures, somnolence, coma and/or even death. The disease can leave neurological sequelae, mainly in infants and children, such as seizures, spasticity or behavioral disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021641 biolink:NamedThing Bunyaviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by the bunyaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005780 biolink:NamedThing hantavirus infectious disease Any infection caused by a virus of the genus Hantavirus, which is transmitted by aerosolized rodent excreta or rodent bites, that can result in a variety of clinical manifestations from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome to a pulmonary syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019378 biolink:NamedThing la Crosse encephalitis La Crosse encephalitis (CE) is an acute arboviral infection caused by the La Crosse bunyavirus transmitted by an infected mosquito, usually observed in infants, children or adolescents (6 months to 16 years), and characterized by the onset of flulike symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, and abdominal pain, followed by the onset of encephalitis characterized by somnolence, obtundation, and even seizures, focal neurologic signs (asymmetrical reflexes or Babinski signs), paralysis or even coma. CE can leave sequelae such as residual epilepsy and neurocognitive deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000351 biolink:NamedThing disorder of methionine catabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of methionine catabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000688 biolink:NamedThing inborn organic aciduria An inherited disorder that affects the metabolism of any acidic compound containing carbon in a covalent linkage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000698 biolink:NamedThing gamma-amino butyric acid metabolism disorder An amino acid metabolic disorder characterized by impairment of the GABA catabolic pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004737 biolink:NamedThing homocystinuria An autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the CBS, MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR genes. It is characterized by abnormalities in the methionine metabolism and is associated with deficiency of cystathionine synthase. It results in the accumulation of homocysteine in the serum. It may affect the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and the central nervous systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004739 biolink:NamedThing urea cycle disorder A genetic inborn error of metabolism characterized by the deficiency of one of the enzymes necessary for the urea cycle. It results in accumulation of ammonia in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007068 biolink:NamedThing adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency Adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency (ADSL deficiency) is a disorder of purine metabolism characterized by intellectual disability, psychomotor delay and/or regression, seizures, and autistic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009058 biolink:NamedThing cystathioninuria Cystathioninuria is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by cystathionine gamma-lyase deficiency. It is usually pyridoxine-dependent, but in very rare cases it may be non-dependent. It is generally considered to be a benign condition without pathogenic relevance. However, association of cystathioninuria with intellectual impairment has been reported in several cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009388 biolink:NamedThing hyperlysinemia Hyperlysinaemia is a lysine metabolism disorder characterised by elevated levels of lysine in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Variable degrees of saccharopinuria are also present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010379 biolink:NamedThing Brunner syndrome Monoamine oxidase-A deficiency is a very rare recessive X-linked biogenic amine metabolism disorder characterized clinically by mild intellectual deficit, impulsive aggressiveness, and sometimes violent behavior and presenting from childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019216 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of amino acid transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019228 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of histidine metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of histidine metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019235 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019242 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of branched-chain amino acid metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of branched-chain amino acid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021915 biolink:NamedThing arakawa syndrome 2 A rare autosomal dominant inherited metabolic disorder characterized by deficiency of the enzyme tetrahydrofolate-methyltransferase. It results in the abnormal metabolism of methylcobalamin. Signs and symptoms include mental retardation, megaloblastic anemia, hypotonia, epilepsy, and hepatosplenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022321 biolink:NamedThing 2-methylacetoacetyl CoA thiolase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043209 biolink:NamedThing albinism A congenital disorder characterized by partial or complete absence of melanin pigment in the eyes, hair, or skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800154 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids and hydrogen sulfide A disorder of amino acid metabolism that has its basis in the disruption of the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids and/or hydrogen sulfide. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800155 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of glycine and serine metabolism A disorder of amino acid metabolism that has its basis in the disruption of the metabolism of glycine and/or serine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800156 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of ornithine, proline and hydroxyproline metabolism A disorder of amino acid metabolism that has its basis in the disruption of the metabolism of ornithine, proline and/or hydroxyproline. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800157 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of lysine, hydroxylysine, and tryptophan metabolism A disorder of amino acid metabolism that has its basis in the disruption of the metabolism of lysine, hydroxylysine, and/or tryptophan. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800158 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of glutamate/glutamine and aspartate/asparagine metabolism A disorder of amino acid metabolism that has its basis in the disruption of the metabolism of glutamate/glutamine and aspartate/asparagine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800331 biolink:NamedThing hyperglycinemia, transient neonatal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019222 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of methionine cycle and sulfur amino acid metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of sulfur amino acid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009607 biolink:NamedThing methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency Hypermethioninemia due to methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency is a very rare metabolic disorder resulting in isolated hepatic hypermethioninemia that is usually benign due to partial inactivation of enzyme activity. Rarely patients have been found to have an odd odor or neurological disorders such as brain demyelination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037938 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of aspartate family metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of aspartate family amino acid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017351 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of lysine and hydroxylysine metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009680 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy-infantile cataract-hypogonadism syndrome Congenital muscular dystrophy-infantile cataract-hypogonadism syndrome is characterized by congenital muscular dystrophy, infantile cataract and hypogonadism. It has been described in seven individuals from an isolated Norwegian village and in one unrelated individual. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009682 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, congenital, with rapid progression DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011246 biolink:NamedThing megaconial type congenital muscular dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011486 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy 1B Congenital muscular dystrophy type 1B is a rare, genetic neuromuscular disorder characterized by proximal and symmetrical muscle weakness (particularly of neck, sternomastoid, facial and diaphragm muscles), spinal rigidity, joint contractures (Achilles tendon, elbows, hands), generalized muscle hypertrophy and early respiratory failure (usually in the first decade of life). Patients typically present delayed motor milestones and grossly elevated serum creatine kinase levels, and with disease progression, forced expiratory abdominal squeeze and nocturnal hypoventilation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011925 biolink:NamedThing congenital merosin-deficient muscular dystrophy 1A Congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (MCD1A) belongs to a group of neuromuscular disorders with onset at birth or infancy characterized by hypotonia, muscle weakness and muscle wasting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012279 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy merosin-positive The congenital muscle dystrophies are currently classified according to the genetic defects. Historically, congenital muscular dystrophies were classified in two broad groups: Classic CMD (which included the Merosin-deficient CMD and the Merosin-positive CMD) and the CMD with central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities (Fukuyama CMD, muscle-eye-brain disease and Walker-Warburg syndrome). Therefore, merosin-positive congenital muscle dystrophy (CMD) is now considered an old term which refers to a group of diseases without structural brain abnormalities that are caused by a variety of gene mutations, resulting in protein defects that do not affect the merosin protein. Itusually has a milder phenotype than the merosin-negative CMD dystrophy group and includes, among others: Classic CMD without distinguishing features Rigid spine syndrome associated with mutations in the selenoprotein N1 gene (SEPN1) CMD with hyperextensible distal joints (Ullrich type) CMD with intellectual disability or sensory abnormalities. The pattern of muscle weakness and wasting in the patients within this group of congenital muscular dystrophy conditions is worse in the proximal upper limb-girdle and trunk muscles. Lower limb muscles may be mildly involved. Muscle biopsy shows a dystrophic pattern with normal staining for dystrophin, laminin alpha-2 of merosin and the sarcoglycans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013177 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy due to integrin alpha-7 deficiency Congenital muscular dystrophy with integrin alpha-7 deficiency is a rare, genetic, congenital muscular dystrophy due to extracellular matrix protein anomaly characterized by early motor development delay and muscle weakness with mild elevation of serum creatine kinase, that may be followed by progressive disease course with predominantly proximal muscle weakness and atrophy, motor development regress, scoliosis and respiratory insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013178 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy due to LMNA mutation Congenital muscular dystrophy due to LMNA mutation is a rare congenital muscular dystrophy characterized by prominent axial hypotonia, dropped head syndrome, predominantly proximal muscle weakness in upper limbs/distal in lower limbs (with absent, poor or lost motor development), joint contractures (initially distal, later proximal), spine rigidity, and early respiratory insufficiency, in the presence of moderately elevated serum creatine kinase. Cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death have been also reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014896 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy-respiratory failure-skin abnormalities-joint hyperlaxity syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016049 biolink:NamedThing congenital myopathy, Paradas type Paradas type congenital myopathy is an early-onset form of dysferlinopathy presenting with postnatal hypotonia, weakness in the proximal lower limbs and neck flexor muscles at birth and delayed motor development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018281 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy with hyperlaxity Congenital muscular dystrophy with hyperlaxity is a rare, genetic neuromuscular disease characterized by congenital hypotonia, generalized, slowly progressive muscular weakness, and proximal joint contractures with distal joint hypermobility and hyperlaxity. Scoliosis or rigidity of the spine and delayed motor milestones are also frequently reported. Other manifestations include a long myopathic face and, in rare cases, respiratory failure, mild to moderate intellectual deficiency and short stature. Ambulation may be impaired with time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019951 biolink:NamedThing rigid spine syndrome Rigid spine syndrome (RSS) is a slowly progressive childhood-onset congenital muscular dystrophy characterized by contractures of the spinal extensor muscles associated with abnormal posture (limitation of neck and trunk flexure), progressive scoliosis of the spine, early marked cervico-axial muscle weakness with relatively preserved strength and function of the extremities and progressive respiratory insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024607 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy with cataracts and intellectual disability A congenital muscular dystrophy characterized by onset of progressive muscle weakness in early childhood with autosomal recessive inheritance that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the INPP5K gene (607875) on chromosome 17p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700075 biolink:NamedThing congenital muscular dystrophy caused by variation in POMGNT2 Any congenital muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the POMGNT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023369 biolink:NamedThing disorder of facial skeleton A disease that involves the facial skeleton. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004047 biolink:NamedThing sphenoidal sinus neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the sphenoid sinus. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004312 biolink:NamedThing suprasellar meningioma A meningioma that affects the suprasellar region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004339 biolink:NamedThing tuberculum sellae meningioma A meningioma that affects the tuberculum sellae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005756 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinusitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the mucous membrane of the ethmoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005842 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinusitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005964 biolink:NamedThing sphenoid sinusitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the mucous membrane of the sphenoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006577 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus cholesteatoma A rare, progressive, non-neoplastic pathologic process that arises from the maxillary sinus mucosal epithelium. It is characterized by the proliferation of keratinizing squamous epithelium and the formation of keratin sheets. It may lead to bone erosion and infections. Surgical removal is the appropriate treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015411 biolink:NamedThing facial cleft A congenital abnormality consisting of an opening or gap in the face, which results from incomplete fusion of one or more of the embryonic facial prominences. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015482 biolink:NamedThing otomandibular dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015496 biolink:NamedThing macroglossia The presence of an excessively large tongue, which may be congenital or may develop as a result of a tumor or edema due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels, or it may occur in association with hyperpituitarism or acromegaly. It also may be associated with malocclusion because of pressure of the tongue on the teeth. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015497 biolink:NamedThing hypoglossia/aglossia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015499 biolink:NamedThing paralytic facial malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016034 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip with or without cleft palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016221 biolink:NamedThing temporomandibular joint anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017628 biolink:NamedThing myospherulosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018166 biolink:NamedThing oral submucous fibrosis Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, progressive disease that alters the fibroelasticity of the oral submucosa, prevalent in India and Southeast Asia but rare elsewhere, and characterized by burning and pain in the oral cavity, loss of gustatory sensation, the presence of blanched fibrous bands and stiffening of the oral mucosa and oro-pharynx (leading to trismus and a progressive reduction in mouth opening) and an increased risk of developing oral squamous cell cancer (3-19%). It is usually associated with the chewing of the areca nut (an ingredient in betel quid) but the exact etiology is unknown and there is currently no effective treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018907 biolink:NamedThing craniopharyngioma A benign, partly cystic, epithelial tumor of the sellar region, presumably derived from Rathke pouch epithelium. It affects mainly children and young adults. There are two clinicopathological forms: adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and papillary craniopharyngioma. The most significant factor associated with recurrence is the extent of surgical resection, with lesions greater than 5 cm in diameter carrying a markedly worse prognosis. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021404 biolink:NamedThing polyp of sphenoidal sinus A polyp that involves the sphenoidal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021412 biolink:NamedThing polyp of maxillary sinus A polyp that involves the maxillary sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021580 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of jaw A neoplasm (disease) that involves the jaw skeleton. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024611 biolink:NamedThing orbit neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the orbit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033839 biolink:NamedThing osteoradionecrosis of the mandible DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000359 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis Spondylocostal dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by defects of the bones of the spine (vertebrae) and abnormalities of the ribs. Ribs can be fused or missing in chaotic patterns. These malformations are present at birth (congenital). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000518 biolink:NamedThing sacrum chordoma A chordoma (disease) that involves the fused sacrum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002713 biolink:NamedThing epidural spinal canal neoplasm A primary or metastatic neoplasm that involves the space between the vertebral periosteum and dura mater that surrounds the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003956 biolink:NamedThing Baastrup syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004077 biolink:NamedThing lumbosacral lipoma A benign well-circumscribed tumor, composed of lobules of mature adipocytes, that arises within the lumbosacral tissue of the spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005965 biolink:NamedThing spinal stenosis Narrowing of the spinal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022792 biolink:NamedThing coccygodynia Coccygodynia is a rare condition in that causes pain in and around the coccyx (tailbone). Although various causes have been described for the condition, the more commoncausesare direct falls and injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037747 biolink:NamedThing spinal injury A injury that involves the vertebral column. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037847 biolink:NamedThing vertebral joint disorder A disease that involves the intervertebral joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042727 biolink:NamedThing sacrococcygeal teratoma A teratoma that is found at the base of the coccyx. It is the most commonly seen tumor in newborns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043836 biolink:NamedThing tuberculosis, spinal Tuberculosis of the vertebrae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045002 biolink:NamedThing vertebral disorder A disease or disorder that involves the vertebra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100201 biolink:NamedThing lumbar disc disease A vertebral column disorder caused by degeneration of intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine. One of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, it has strong genetic determinants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002457 biolink:NamedThing Treacher-Collins syndrome Treacher-Collins syndrome is a congenital disorder of craniofacial development characterized by bilateral symmetrical oto-mandibular dysplasia without abnormalities of the extremities, and associated with several head and neck defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007034 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Oliver syndrome Adams-Oliver Syndrome (AOS) is a rare disorder characterized by the combination of congenital limb abnormalities and scalp defects, often accompanied by skull ossification defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007072 biolink:NamedThing ADULT syndrome ADULT (Acro-dermo-ungual-lacrimal-tooth) syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by ectrodactyly, syndactyly, mammary hypoplasia, and excessive freckling as well as other typical ectodermal defects such as hypodontia, lacrimal duct anomalies, hypotrichosis, and onychodysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007124 biolink:NamedThing ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate (AEC) syndrome is an ectodermal dysplasia syndrome with defining features of ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA), ectodermal abnormalities and a cleft lip and/or palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007127 biolink:NamedThing diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis This syndrome is characterized by the association of ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis with hyperkeratosis of the soles and palms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007142 biolink:NamedThing Townes-Brocks syndrome Townes-Brocks syndrome (TBS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the triad of imperforate anus, dysplastic ears often associated with sensorineural and/or conductive hearing impairment, and thumb malformations. These features are often associated with other signs mainly affecting the kidneys and heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007211 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-arterial hypertension syndrome Brachydactyly - arterial hypertension is a rare genetic brachydactyly syndrome characterized by the association of brachydactyly type E with hypertension (due to vascular or neurovascular anomalies) as well as the additional features of short stature and low birth weight (compared to non-affected family members), stocky build and a round face. The onset of hypertension is often in childhood and, if untreated, most patients will have had a stroke by the age of 50. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007225 biolink:NamedThing fibular aplasia-ectrodactyly syndrome Fibular aplasia-ectrodactyly syndrome is characterized by fibular aplasia and ectrodactyly. Less than 50 familial and sporadic cases have been reported in the literature. Shortening of the femur, a curved tibia, severe foot anomalies and pathologies of the hip, knee and ankle may also be present. The disorder is probably inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, with reduced penetrance, especially in females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007230 biolink:NamedThing Brachymorphism-onychodysplasia-dysphalangism syndrome Brachymorphism-onychodysplasia-dysphalangism (BOD) is a very rare malformation syndrome that is characterized by short stature, hypoplastic fifth digits with tiny dysplastic nails, facial dysmorphism with coarse features including a wide mouth and broad nose, and mild intellectual disability. It has been suggested that Coffin-Siris syndrome and BOD syndrome are perhaps allelic variants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007231 biolink:NamedThing brachytelephalangy-dysmorphism-Kallmann syndrome Brachytelephalangy - dysmorphism - Kallmann syndrome is a developmental anomaly characterized by brachytelephalangy, distinct craniofacial features (prominent square forehead, telecanthus, small nose, malar hypoplasia, smooth philtrum and thin upper lip), and relative to other family members, a short stature. These features may be associated with anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (considered as Kallman syndrome). Brachytelephalangy - dysmorphism - Kallmann syndrome has been described in a mother and her son and there have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007330 biolink:NamedThing congenital pseudoarthrosis of clavicle Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare benign condition, characterized by a painless mass or swelling over the clavicle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007698 biolink:NamedThing hand-foot-genital syndrome Hand-foot-genital syndrome (HFGS) is a very rare multiple congenital abnormality syndrome characterized by distal limb malformations and urogenital defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007712 biolink:NamedThing oculoauriculovertebral spectrum with radial defects Oculoauriculovertebral spectrum (OAVS) with radial defects is a rare branchial arches and limb primordia development disorder characterized by variable degrees of uni- or bilateral craniofacial malformation and radial defects that result in extremely variable phenotypic manifestations. Characteristic features include low postnatal weight, short stature, vertebral defects, hearing loss, and facial dysmorphism (incl. facial asymmetry, external, middle, and inner ear malformations, orofacial clefts, and mandibular hypoplasia). These features are invariably associated with radial defects, such as preaxial polydactyly, thumb and/or radius hypoplasia/agenesis, or triphalangeal thumb. Cardiac, pulmonary, renal, and central nervous system involvement has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007836 biolink:NamedThing IVIC syndrome IVIC syndrome is a very rare genetic malformation syndrome characterized by upper limb anomalies (radial ray defects, carpal bone fusion), extraocular motor disturbances, and congenital bilateral non-progressive mixed hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008139 biolink:NamedThing OSLAM syndrome OSLAM syndrome is characterised by the association of osteosarcoma, limb anomalies (clinodactyly with brachymesophalangy, bilateral radioulnar synostosis and absence of one digital ray of the foot) and red cell macrocytosis without anaemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008237 biolink:NamedThing phocomelia-ectrodactyly-deafness-sinus arrhythmia syndrome Phocomelia-ectrodactyly-deafness-sinus arrhythmia syndrome is characterised by phocomelia (involving arms more severely), ectrodactyly, ear anomalies (bilateral anomalies of the pinnae), conductive deafness, dysmorphism (long and prominent philtrum, mild maxillary hypoplasia) and sinus arrhythmia. It has been described in four patients (a father and his son and a mother and her daughter) from two unrelated families. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008298 biolink:NamedThing postaxial tetramelic oligodactyly Postaxial tetramelic oligodactyly is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation disorder characterized by isolated, postaxial oligodactyly in all four extremities. Patients present a consistent pattern of malformation ranging from complete absence of the 5th metacarpals, metatarsals and phalanges to complete absence of the 5th metacarpals and metatarsals, with some residual distal 5th phalanges. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008359 biolink:NamedThing radio-renal syndrome Radio-renal syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by variable upper limb reduction defects and renal anomalies. Patients typically present absence/hypoplasia of digits, radii and/or ulnae, short stature and mild external ear malformation, as well as kidney agenesis or ectopia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008460 biolink:NamedThing splenogonadal fusion-limb defects-micrognathia syndrome Splenogonadal fusion-limb defects-micrognatia syndrome is a rare dysostosis syndrome characterized by abnormal fusion of the spleen with the gonad (or more rarely with remnants of the mesonephros), limb abnormalities (consisting of amelia or severe reduction defects leading to upper and/or lower rudimentary limbs) and orofacial abnormalities such as cleft palate, bifid uvula, microglossia and mandibular hypoplasia. It could also be associated with other malformations such as cryptorchidism, anal stenosis/atresia, hypoplastic lungs and cardiac malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008466 biolink:NamedThing Karsch-Neugebauer syndrome Karsch-Neugebauer syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by split-hand and split-foot deformity and ocular abnormalities, mainly a congenital nystagmus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008510 biolink:NamedThing symphalangism with multiple anomalies of hands and feet Symphalangism with multiple anomalies of hands and feet is an exceedingly rare syndrome described in one family and characterized by proximal symphalangism and multiple hand and feet disorders (syndactyly, clinodactyly, hypoplasia of the thenar and hypothenar eminences, and a distinctive dermatoglyphic pattern). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1981. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008511 biolink:NamedThing proximal symphalangism Proximal symphalangism is a very rare, genetic bone disorder characterized by ankylosis of the proximal interphalangeal joints, carpal and tarsal bone fusion, and conductive hearing loss in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008521 biolink:NamedThing tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome is characterised by fusion of the carpals, tarsals, and phalanges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008544 biolink:NamedThing tetramelic monodactyly Tetramelic monodactyly is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation disorder characterized by the presence of a single digit on all four extremities. Malformation is typically isolated however, aplastic and hypoplastic defects in the remaining skeletal parts of hands and feet have been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008611 biolink:NamedThing humerus trochlea aplasia Humerus trochlea aplasia is an extremely rare familial bone deformity described only in Japanese patients to date. The deformity is bilateral in nearly half of patients (with bilateral involvement, the condition is symmetrical) and sometimes causes ulnar nerve palsy or cubitus varus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008806 biolink:NamedThing Aphalangy-hemivertebrae-urogenital-intestinal dysgenesis syndrome Aphalangy-hemivertebrae-urogenital-intestinal dysgenesis is an extremely rare congenital limb malformation syndrome, described in only 3 patients to date, and characterized by the association of hypoplasia or aplasia of the hand and foot phalanges, hemivertebrae and various urogenital and/or intestinal abnormalities (i.e. dysgenesis of the urogenital tract and rectum). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008899 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 2 Camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 2 is an extremely rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by distinctive intrauterine growth retardation, skeletal dysplasia with multiple malformations including camptodactyly of all fingers, bilateral hallux valgus, short second, fourth and fifth toes, hypoplastic patella, microcephaly, low-set ears, short neck, cuboid-shaped vertebral bodies, pectus excavatum, hip dislocation, and hypoplastic pubic region and genitalia. Camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 2 has been described in two sisters and is most likely transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009080 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation 1 with sensorineural hearing loss Split hand - split foot - deafness is an extremely rare genetic syndrome reported in a few families to date and characterized clinically by split hand/split foot malformation (SHFM) and mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss, sometimes associated with cleft palate and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009204 biolink:NamedThing lethal faciocardiomelic dysplasia Lethal faciocardiomelic dysplasia is an extremely rare polymalformative syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009406 biolink:NamedThing hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia Cantu type Cantu syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, osteochondrodysplasia, cardiomegaly, and dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009516 biolink:NamedThing absence deformity of leg-cataract syndrome Absence deformity of leg B cataract is a very rare syndromic limb malformation described in two distantly related boys. It is characterized by absence deformity of the left leg, progressive scoliosis, short stature, congenital cataract associated with dysplasia of the optic nerve. No intellectual deficit has been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009801 biolink:NamedThing familial osteodysplasia, Anderson type Familial osteodysplasia, Anderson type is a rare, genetic dysostosis disorder characterized by craniofacial bone abnormalities (i.e. midface hypoplasia, broad, flat nasal bridge, narrow, thin prognathic mandible with pointed chin, malocclusion, partial dental agenesis) associated with additional osseous anomalies, including scoliosis, calvarial thinning, pointed spinous processes, clinodactyly and abnormal phalanges. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hyperuricemia and hypertension have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009822 biolink:NamedThing otoonychoperoneal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010004 biolink:NamedThing EEC syndrome EEC syndrome is a genetic developmental disorder characterized by ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and orofacial clefts (cleft lip/palate). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010069 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis-anal and genitourinary malformations syndrome Spondylocostal dysostosis-anal and genitourinary malformations syndrome is characterised by the association of spondylocostal dysostosis with anal and genitourinary malformations (anal atresia and agenesis of external and internal genitalia). To date, only four cases have been described in the literature. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010101 biolink:NamedThing Teebi-Shaltout syndrome Teebi-Shaltout syndrome is a rare, genetic, development defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome characterized by association of characteristic facial features (including abnormal head shape with narrow forehead, hypertelorism, telecanthus, small earlobes, broad nasal bridge and tip, underdeveloped ala nasi, small/wide mouth and high/cleft palate), ectodermal dysplasia (including oligodontia with delayed dentition, slow growing hair and reduced sweating) and skeletal abnormalities including camptodactyly and caudal appendage. Short stature and abnormal palmar creases are additional clinical features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010110 biolink:NamedThing tetraamelia-multiple malformations syndrome Tetraamelia - multiple malformations is an extremely rare mostly lethal congenital disorder characterized by absence of all four limbs and frequent associated major malformations involving the head, face, eyes, skeleton, heart, lungs, anus, urogenital, and central nervous systems. The syndrome has been described in fewer than 20 patients mainly of middle Eastern descent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010165 biolink:NamedThing ulna hypoplasia-intellectual disability syndrome Ulna hypoplasia - intellectual deficit is a very rare syndrome characterized by mesomelic shortness of the forearms, bilateral clubfeet, aplasia or hypoplasia of all nails and severe psychomotor retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010718 biolink:NamedThing absent radius-anogenital anomalies syndrome Absent radius-anogenital anomalies syndrome is a rare, genetic limb reduction defects syndrome characterized by bilateral radial aplasia/hypoplasia manifesting with absent/short forearms in association with anogenital abnormalities (e.g. hypospadias or imperforate anus). Additional features reported include hydrocephalus and absent preaxial digits. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010750 biolink:NamedThing ulnar hypoplasia-split foot syndrome Ulnar hypoplasia-split foot syndrome is characterised by the association of severe ulnar hypoplasia, absence of fingers two to five, and split-foot. It has been described in four males belonging to two generations of the same family. X-linked recessive inheritance is suggested, but autosomal dominant transmission cannot be excluded. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010759 biolink:NamedThing Wildervanck syndrome Wildervanck syndrome is characterized by the triad of cervical vertebral fusion (Klippel-Feil anomaly), bilateral abducens palsy with retracted eyes (Duane syndrome) and congenital perceptive deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010886 biolink:NamedThing 2q37 microdeletion syndrome A chromosomal anomaly involving deletion of chromosome band 2q37 and manifests as three major clinical findings: developmental delay, skeletal malformations and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011011 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia-epilepsy-short stature syndrome Skeletal dysplasia-epilepsy-short stature syndrome is characterized by moderate to severe intellectual deficit, seizures, short stature, and skeletal dysplasia. It has been described in seven patients. Other manifestations can be associated (retinal abnormalities, brachydactyly, prognathism, dental malocclusion). It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011235 biolink:NamedThing pelvic dysplasia-arthrogryposis of lower limbs syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011255 biolink:NamedThing mandibulofacial dysostosis-macroblepharon-macrostomia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011262 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly, myopia, and fibrosis of the medial rectus muscle of eye A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by the association of camptodactyly, multiple eye defects (fibrosis of the medial rectus muscle, severe myopia, ptosis and exophthalmos), scoliosis, flexion contractures and facial anomalies (arched eyebrows, facial asymmetry with an abnormal skull shape, a prominent nose, small mouth, low-set and dysplastic ears, and a low nuchal hairline). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011334 biolink:NamedThing limb-mammary syndrome Limb-mammary syndrome (LMS) is a rare disease belonging to the group of ectodermal dysplasias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011555 biolink:NamedThing radio-ulnar synostosis-amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia syndrome Radio-ulnar synostosis-amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia syndrome is characterised by the association of proximal fusion of the radius and ulna with congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopaenia. Less than 10 cases have been reported in the literature so far. The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and is caused by mutations in the HOXA11 gene (7p15). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011732 biolink:NamedThing familial digital arthropathy-brachydactyly Familial digital arthropathy-brachydactyly is characterised by the association of arthropathy of interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints with brachydactyly of the middle and distal phalanges. It has been described in numerous members from five generations of one large family. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012282 biolink:NamedThing Al-Gazali syndrome An autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by joint contractures, skeletal abnormalities, anterior segment anomalies of the eye and early lethality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012504 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly-tall stature-scoliosis-hearing loss syndrome Camptodactyly-tall stature-scoliosis-hearing loss syndrome is characterised by camptodactyly, tall stature, scoliosis, and hearing loss (CATSHL). It has been described in around 30 individuals from seven generations of the same family. The syndrome is caused by a missense mutation in the FGFR3 gene, leading to a partial loss of function of the encoded protein, which is a negative regulator of bone growth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012637 biolink:NamedThing COG1-congenital disorder of glycosylation COG1-CDG is an extremely rare form of CDG syndrome characterized clinically in the few cases reported to date by variable signs including microcephaly, growth retardation, psychomotor retardation and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012980 biolink:NamedThing endocrine-cerebro-osteodysplasia syndrome Endocrine-cerebro-osteodysplasia (ECO) syndrome is characterized by various anomalies of the endocrine, cerebral, and skeletal systems resulting in neonatal mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013368 biolink:NamedThing mammary-digital-nail syndrome Mammary-digital-nail syndrome is a syndromic limb malformation characterized by congenital onychodystrophy/anonychia, brachydactyly of the fifth finger, digitalization of the thumbs, with absence or hypoplasia of the distal phalanges of the hands and feet in association with juvenile hypertrophy of the breast with gigantomastia in peripubertal females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014369 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly-anterior pituitary anomalies-facial dysmorphism syndrome Postaxial polydactyly-anterior pituitary anomalies-facial dysmorphism syndrome is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized primarily by congenital hypopituitarism and/or postaxial polydactyly. It can be associated with short stature, delayed bone age, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and/or midline facial defects (e.g. hypotelorism, mild midface hypoplasia, flat nasal bridge, and cleft lip and/or palate). Hypoplastic anterior pituitary and ectopic posterior pituitary lobe are frequent findings on MRI examination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014401 biolink:NamedThing tall stature-scoliosis-macrodactyly of the great toes syndrome Tall stature-scoliosis-macrodactyly of the great toes syndrome is a rare, genetic, overgrowth or tall stature syndrome with skeletal involvement characterized by early and proportional overgrowth, osteopenia, lumbar scoliosis, arachnodactyly of the hands and feet, macrodactyly of the hallux, coxa valga with epiphyseal dysplasia of the femoral capital epiphyses and susceptibility to slipped capital femoral epiphysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014816 biolink:NamedThing split-foot malformation-mesoaxial polydactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015232 biolink:NamedThing radial deficiency-tibial hypoplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015255 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-radioulnar synostosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015267 biolink:NamedThing Feingold syndrome Feingold syndrome (FS), also known as oculo-digito-esophageal-duodenal (ODED) syndrome, is a rare inherited malformation syndrome characterized by microcephaly, short stature and numerous digital anomalies and is comprised of two subtypes: FS type 1 (FS1) and FS type 2 (FS2). FS1 is by far the most common form while FS2 has only been reported in 3 patients and has the same clinical characteristics as FS1, apart from the absence of gastrointestinal atresia and short palpebral fissures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015469 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis Craniosynostosis is defined as the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures leading to secondary distortion of skull shape resulting in skull deformities with a variable presentation. Craniosynostosis may occur in an isolated setting or as part of a syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015525 biolink:NamedThing congenital pseudoarthrosis of the limbs DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015824 biolink:NamedThing oculomaxillofacial dysostosis Oculomaxillofacial dysostosis is a rare, genetic bone developmental disorder characterized by short stature, orbital region and ocular abnormalities (e.g. asymmetric orbits, anophthalmia, down-slanted and S-shaped palpebral fissures, sparse eyebrows/eyelashes, abnormal eyelids, ectropion, symblepharon, corneal leukoma), abnormal nose (e.g. broad and abnormally modeled nasal root, bridge and tip, lateral deviation), malar hypoplasia, cleft lip/palate, and oblique facial clefts. Intellectual disability, microcephaly, micrognathia and limb anomalies (e.g. hemimelia, abnormal scapular girdle, brachydactyly, syndactyly, broad halluces) have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016024 biolink:NamedThing shoulder and thorax deformity-congenital heart disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016046 biolink:NamedThing familial clubfoot with or without associated lower limb anomalies Familial clubfoot with or without associated lower limb anomalies is a rare congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by malalignment of the bones and joints of the foot and ankle, with presence of forefoot and midfoot adductus, hindfoot varus, and ankle equinus, presenting as rigid inward turning of the foot towards the midline, in various members of a single family. Hypoplasia of lower leg muscles is a frequently associated finding. Patients may present with other low-limb malformations, such as patellar hypoplasia, oblique talus, tibial hemimelia, and polydactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016087 biolink:NamedThing progressive non-infectious anterior vertebral fusion Progressive non-infectious anterior vertebral fusion (PAVF) is an early childhood spinal disorder characterized by the gradual onset of thoracic and/or lumbar spine ankylosis often in conjunction with kyphosis with distinctive radiological features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016432 biolink:NamedThing heart-hand syndrome Heart-hand syndrome refers to a group of congenital disorders characterized by malformations of the upper limbs and heart. To date, heart-hand syndrome comprises the following rare syndromes; Holt-Oram syndrome; heart-hand syndrome type 2; heart-hand syndrome type 3; heart hand syndrome, Slovenian type, brachydactyly-long thumb; and patent ductus arteriosus-bicuspid aortic valve - hand anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016576 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation Split hand-split foot malformation (SHFM) refers to a spectrum of genetically and clinically heterogenous terminal limb defect characterized by hypoplasia/ absence of central rays of the hands and feet (that can occur in one to all four digits), median clefts of the hands and/ or feet, aplasia and syndactyly, with a wide range of severity ranging from malformed central finger/ toe to a lobster claw-like appearance of the hands and feet. SHFM can be an isolated malformation or can be a feature in various syndromes (ADULT syndrome, EEC syndrome). SHFM usually follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with incomplete penetrance, but autosomal recessive and rarely X-linked inheritance have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016596 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatasia-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016622 biolink:NamedThing Melhem-Fahl syndrome Melhem-Fahl syndrome was described in two siblings born to consanguineous parents in 1985 and was characterized by the presence of 15 dorsal vertebrae and rib pairs. No other cases have been documented since the initial report. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016641 biolink:NamedThing limb transversal defect-cardiac anomaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016643 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal dysplasia A group of rare bone development disorders characterized by an array of abnormalities affecting the eyes, forehead, and nose, and linked to midfacial dysraphia. The clinical picture is highly variable, but the major findings include hypertelorism, a broad nasal root, a large and bifid nasal tip, and widow's peak. Occasionally, abnormalities can include accessory nasal tags, cleft lip, ocular abnormalities (coloboma, cataract, microphthalmia), conductive hearing loss, basal encephalocele and/or agenesis of the corpus callosum. Intellectual deficit is rare and more likely to occur in cases where hypertelorism is severe or where there is extra-cranial involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017139 biolink:NamedThing oromandibular-limb hypogenesis syndrome Oromandibular-limb hypogenesis syndromes (OLHS) are a group of dysmorphic complexes (including Charlie M syndrome, Hanhart syndrome and glossopalatine ankylosis) characterized by the association of severe asymmetric limb defects (primarily involving distal segments) and abnormalities of the oral cavity and mandible (hypoglossia, aglossia, micrognathia, glossopalatine ankylosis, cleft palate, and gingival anomalies). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017162 biolink:NamedThing imperforate oropharynx-costo vetebral anomalies syndrome Imperforate oropharynx-costovertebral anomalies syndrome is a dysostosis with predominant vertebral and costal involvement characterized by oropharyngeal atresia, mild mandibulofacial dysostosis, auricular malformations, and costovertebral anomalies (hemivertebrae, block vertebra, partial fusion of the ribs, absent ribs). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017429 biolink:NamedThing joint formation defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017923 biolink:NamedThing multiple synostoses syndrome Multiple synostoses syndrome (MSS) is a rare developmental bone disorder characterized by proximal symphalangism of the fingers and/or toes often associated with fusion of carpal and tarsal, humeroradial, and cervical spine joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017980 biolink:NamedThing syngnathia multiple anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018000 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thrombocytosis with transverse limb defect Thrombocythemia with distal limb defects is a rare, genetic syndrome with limb reduction defects characterized by thrombocytosis, unilateral transverse limb defects (ranging from absence of phalanges to absence of hand or forearm) and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018050 biolink:NamedThing tibial aplasia-ectrodactyly syndrome Tibial aplasia-ectrodactyly syndrome is a rare condition characterized by congenital ectrodactylous limb malformations associated with tibial aplasia or hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018228 biolink:NamedThing bipartite talus Bipartite talus is a rare, genetic bone disorder characterized by the presence of two non-fused talar bone fragments, with the posterior fragment located at the level of the posterior talar process. Patients may present with foot and/or ankle pain (exercise-induced or not), repetitive ankle sprains, chronic ankle ligamentous laxity, restricted ankle motion (i.e. plantar flexion, eversion, and inversion), and mild swelling. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018237 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019413 biolink:NamedThing ischio-vertebral syndrome Ischio-vertebral syndrome is a very rare, poorly-defined bone disease characterized by ischial aplasia or hypoplasia, vertebral anomalies (vertebral malsegmentation, kyphoscoliosis), and in some patients, non-distinctive facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019712 biolink:NamedThing patellar dysostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019713 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic limb reduction defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019714 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic polydactyly, syndactyly and/or hyperphalangy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021002 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly A disease characterized by the presence of syndactyly, including syndromic and non-syndromic forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021003 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly A disease characterized by the presence of polydactyly, including syndromic and non-syndromic forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021004 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly A disease characterized by the presence of brachydactyly, including syndromic and non-syndromic forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800075 biolink:NamedThing dysostosis with predominant vertebral with and without costal involvement Any dysostosis that involves the vertebrae, with or without involvement of the the ribs or the upper sides of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000363 biolink:NamedThing gummatous syphilis A tertiary syphilis that is characterized by granulomatous lesions, called gummas, which are characterized by a center of necrotic tissue with a rubbery texture. They form in the liver, bones, and testes but may affect any organ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004497 biolink:NamedThing tertiary syphilis A stage of syphilis that occurs fifteen to thirty years after the initial infection; it can include gumma formation and cardiovascular or central nervous system involvement (neurosyphilis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004911 biolink:NamedThing cardiovascular syphilis A tertiary syphilis that is manifested as aneurysm formation in the ascending aorta, caused by chronic inflammatory destruction of the vasa vasorum, insufficiency of the aortic valve, or narrowing of the coronary arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040923 biolink:NamedThing late latent syphilis Latent syphilis when infection was acquired more than twelve months previously. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000365 biolink:NamedThing primary congenital glaucoma Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), enlargement of the globe (buphthalmos), edema, and opacification of the cornea with rupture of Descemet's membrane (Haab's striae), thinning of the anterior sclera and iris atrophy, anomalously deep anterior chamber, and structurally normal posterior segment except for progressive glaucomatous optic atrophy. Symptoms include photophobia, blepharospasm, and excessive tearing. Typically, the diagnosis is made in the first year of life. Depending on when treatment is instituted, visual acuity may be reduced and/or visual fields may be restricted. In untreated individuals, blindness invariably occurs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020366 biolink:NamedThing congenital glaucoma A developmental glaucoma that results from the abnormal development of the aqueous drainage structure, characterized by an elevated intra-ocular pressure, enlargement of globe (buphthalmos), corneal edema and optic nerve cupping, and presenting clinically with the characteristic triad of epiphora, photophobia and blepharospasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009277 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 3A An autosomal recessive form of congenital glaucoma caused by mutation(s) in the CYP1B1 gene, encoding cytochrome P450 1B1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010968 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 3, primary infantile, B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011129 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma type 1C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014998 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 3, primary congenital, E DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008412 biolink:NamedThing intestinal schistosomiasis An intestinal infection that is caused by Schistosoma japonicum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000368 biolink:NamedThing extrapulmonary tuberculosis A tuberculosis that occurs at body sites other than the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021804 biolink:NamedThing silicotuberculosis Tuberculosis caused by the infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with silicosis (that is caused by inhalation of silica dust particles). The risk of a patient with silicosis developing pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is higher than in healthy population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021943 biolink:NamedThing tuberculoma A tumor-like mass resulting from the enlargement of a tuberculous lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040753 biolink:NamedThing latent tuberculosis infection Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that does not induce infectious expression of the disease in the affected person, although it can cause continuous immune response generated towards TB antigens; person having LTBI are asymptomatic and acting as a reservoir of active tuberculosis tuberculosis cases and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and run a 5-10% risk of reactivating tuberculosis throughout their lives. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041806 biolink:NamedThing drug-resistant tuberculosis Tuberculosis disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate that is resistant to one or more of the antitubercular medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100481 biolink:NamedThing active tuberculosis Tuberculosis caused by primary infection of or reactivation of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Active tuberculosis characterized by clinical manifestation and active symptoms compatible with tuberculosis, and is distinct from latent tuberculosis infection that occurs without signs or symptoms of active disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000369 biolink:NamedThing abdominal tuberculosis An extrapulmonary tuberculosis that is located in gastrointestinal tract, located in peritoneum, located in omentum, located in mesentery, located in liver, located in spleen or located in pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000813 biolink:NamedThing cardiac tuberculosis Pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system caused by infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis involvement may include the heart; the blood vessels; or the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005696 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system tuberculosis A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated with seizures, focal neurologic deficits, and intracranial hypertension. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as opportunistic infections, but also occur in immunocompetent individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005848 biolink:NamedThing miliary tuberculosis I would say the hematogenous widespread dissemination of tuberculosis in the body. The term derives from the chest X-ray image of the tiny (1-5 mm) tuberculosis lesions which are seen through out the lung parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005903 biolink:NamedThing pericardial tuberculosis Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart (pericardium) due to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Pericarditis can lead to swelling (pericardial effusion), compression of the heart (cardiac tamponade), and preventing normal beating of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005922 biolink:NamedThing pleural tuberculosis Inflammation of the pleura secondary to an infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006838 biolink:NamedThing lupus vulgaris A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen predominantly in women and typically involves the nasal mucosa; buccal mucosa; and conjunctival mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006876 biolink:NamedThing ocular tuberculosis Tuberculous infection of the eye, primarily the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021948 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous tuberculosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000371 biolink:NamedThing oral cavity carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the oral cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004647 biolink:NamedThing in situ carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm which is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000372 biolink:NamedThing pharynx carcinoma in situ Stage 0 carcinoma of the pharynx according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th, 7th, and 8th editions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000373 biolink:NamedThing gall bladder carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a gall bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003218 biolink:NamedThing adenocarcinoma in situ A lesion in which the normally situated glands are partially or completely replaced by atypical cells with malignant characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003784 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the nasal cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004641 biolink:NamedThing skin carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004658 biolink:NamedThing breast carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004659 biolink:NamedThing eye carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004660 biolink:NamedThing lung carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004693 biolink:NamedThing squamous carcinoma in situ A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the squamous epithelium, without invasion of the underlying tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004696 biolink:NamedThing larynx carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004698 biolink:NamedThing intestine carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004703 biolink:NamedThing bladder carcinoma in situ Also known as carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder or high grade intraurothelial neoplasia, this is a flat lesion of the transitional cell epithelium characterized by severe cytologic atypia. This lesion is confined to the urothelium, and is a precursor of invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor". N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004708 biolink:NamedThing esophagus carcinoma in situ Stage 0 includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: Tis (HGD), N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Any. For adenocarcinoma: Tis (HGD), N0, M0, G1, GX. Tis: High-grade dysplasia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus. (AJCC 7th ed.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004710 biolink:NamedThing uterus carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004715 biolink:NamedThing liver carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004716 biolink:NamedThing stomach carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004732 biolink:NamedThing kidney carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006234 biolink:NamedThing grade III prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of severe architectural and cytologic abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021284 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of ureter A in situ carcinoma that involves the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021285 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of urethra A in situ carcinoma that involves the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044925 biolink:NamedThing oral cavity carcinoma A carcinoma arising in the oral cavity. Most oral cavity carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue, buccal mucosa, or gums. Less frequent morphologic variants include mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000521 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the major or minor salivary glands. Representative examples include carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004958 biolink:NamedThing oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the oral cavity. It affects predominantly adults in their fifth and sixth decades of life and is associated with alcohol and tobacco use. Human papillomavirus is present in approximately half of the cases. It is characterized by a tendency to metastasize early to the lymph nodes. When the tumor is small, patients are often asymptomatic. Physical examination may reveal erythematous or white lesions or plaques. The majority of patients present with signs and symptoms of locally advanced disease including mucosal ulceration, pain, difficulty with speaking, chewing, and swallowing, bleeding, weight loss, and neck swelling. Patients may also present with swollen neck lymph nodes without any symptoms from the oropharyngeal tumor. The most significant prognostic factors are the size of the tumor and the lymph nodes status. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021329 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of soft palate A carcinoma that arises from the soft palate. The majority are squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021333 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of lip A carcinoma that involves the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021339 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of hard palate A carcinoma that involves the hard palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044964 biolink:NamedThing oral cavity mucoepidermoid carcinoma A mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from the minor salivary glands in the oral cavity. It is often asymptomatic and detected during a routine dental examination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021345 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of pharynx A carcinoma that involves the pharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000536 biolink:NamedThing pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the pharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005216 biolink:NamedThing hypopharyngeal carcinoma Carcinoma, predominantly squamous cell, arising from the epithelial cells of the hypopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006367 biolink:NamedThing pharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the pharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015459 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the nasopharyngeal epithelium. It includes the following types: keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, nonkeratinizing carcinoma (differentiated and undifferentiated), basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, and papillary adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044926 biolink:NamedThing oropharyngeal carcinoma Carcinoma, predominantly squamous cell, arising from the epithelial cells of the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003220 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the gall bladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006215 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the gall bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006219 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006220 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder squamous cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the gallbladder. It is composed entirely by malignant squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006476 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated gallbladder carcinoma A carcinoma without evidence of differentiation arising from the gallbladder. The most common variant is the spindle and giant cell type which resembles a sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000374 biolink:NamedThing bile duct carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005496 biolink:NamedThing bile duct carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the bile duct DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003090 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the extrahepatic bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003193 biolink:NamedThing bile duct adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the bile duct DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003500 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell bile duct carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000375 biolink:NamedThing bronchus carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a bronchus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002806 biolink:NamedThing bronchogenic carcinoma A lung carcinoma arising from the bronchial epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000531 biolink:NamedThing bronchus mucoepidermoid carcinoma A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the bronchus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000503 biolink:NamedThing lung adenocarcinoma in situ A localized non-invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung measuring 3 cm or less. It is characterized by a pure lepidic growth pattern and the lack of stromal, vascular, or pleural invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004992 biolink:NamedThing cancer A tumor composed of atypical neoplastic, often pleomorphic cells that invade other tissues. Malignant neoplasms often metastasize to distant anatomic sites and may recur after excision. The most common malignant neoplasms are carcinomas (adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas), Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, leukemias, melanomas, and sarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000621 biolink:NamedThing immune system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the immune system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000637 biolink:NamedThing musculoskeletal system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the musculoskeletal system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002087 biolink:NamedThing peritoneum cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the peritoneum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002100 biolink:NamedThing cardiovascular cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the cardiovascular system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002149 biolink:NamedThing reproductive system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the reproductive organ DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002402 biolink:NamedThing malignant giant cell tumor A malignant neoplasm characterized by then presence of atypical giant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002516 biolink:NamedThing digestive system cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving any part of the digestive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002813 biolink:NamedThing lipomatous cancer A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from adipocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003274 biolink:NamedThing thoracic cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the tissues of the thorax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003340 biolink:NamedThing malignant glomus tumor A very rare morphologic variant of glomus tumor with a size greater than 2 cm. The tumor arises in subfascial or visceral tissues. It is characterized by the presence of atypical mitotic figures, or marked nuclear atypia, or the combination of both. It has an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003633 biolink:NamedThing malignant mesenchymoma A term describing a malignant soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004993 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells may display abnormal mitotic figures, anaplasia, and necrosis. Carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Carcinomas invade the surrounding tissues and tend to metastasize to other anatomic sites. Lung carcinoma, skin carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma are the most frequently seen carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005089 biolink:NamedThing sarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm of the soft tissue or bone. It arises from muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood vessels. Sarcomas occur in both children and adults. The prognosis depends largely on the degree of differentiation (grade) of the neoplasm. Representative subtypes are liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005565 biolink:NamedThing blastoma A malignant neoplasm composed of undifferentiated cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005627 biolink:NamedThing head and neck cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the head and neck. Representative examples include oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005853 biolink:NamedThing malignant mixed neoplasm A malignant neoplasm composed of a carcinomatous epithelial component and a sarcomatous mesenchymal component. Representative examples include malignant mixed mesodermal (Mullerian) tumor of the female reproductive system and carcinosarcoma of the salivary gland and the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005872 biolink:NamedThing nervous system cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005941 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the retroperitoneum. The vast majority of cases are carcinomas, lymphomas, or sarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006290 biolink:NamedThing malignant germ cell tumor A gonadal or extragonadal malignant neoplasm that arises from germ cells. Representative examples include embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, and seminoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006292 biolink:NamedThing malignant mesothelioma A malignant neoplasm of the pleura or peritoneum, arising from mesothelial cells. It is associated with exposure to asbestos. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006295 biolink:NamedThing malignant urinary system neoplasm A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the urinary system. Common tumor types include carcinomas, lymphomas, and sarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006517 biolink:NamedThing childhood malignant neoplasm A malignant tumor that occurs in children. Representative examples include soft tissue and bone sarcomas (e.g. osteosarcoma) and embryonal neoplasms (e.g. hepatoblastoma and rhabdoid tumor). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020633 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020663 biolink:NamedThing malignant spindle cell neoplasm A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020665 biolink:NamedThing high grade malignant neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021069 biolink:NamedThing malignant endocrine neoplasm A malignant neoplasm affecting the endocrine glands. Representative examples include thyroid gland carcinoma, parathyroid gland carcinoma, pituitary gland carcinoma, and adrenal cortex carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024637 biolink:NamedThing malignant soft tissue neoplasm A malignant neoplasm arising exclusively from the soft tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024881 biolink:NamedThing secondary malignant neoplasm A malignant neoplasm that arises from a pre-existing lower grade lesion, or as a result of a primary lesion that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036501 biolink:NamedThing refractory malignant neoplasm A malignant neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000377 biolink:NamedThing malignant Leydig cell tumor A Leydig cell tumor characterized by large tumor size, the presence of cytologic atypia, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, and vascular invasion. Approximately 10% of the testicular Leydig cell tumors show malignant characteristics and metastasize. Leydig cell tumors of the ovary follow a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000378 biolink:NamedThing malignant Sertoli cell tumor A Sertoli cell tumor of the testis or the ovary which metastasizes to another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001416 biolink:NamedThing female reproductive organ cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the female reproductive system. Representative examples include endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma, adenosarcoma, malignant mixed mesodermal (mullerian) tumor, and gestational choriocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001653 biolink:NamedThing prepuce cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the prepuce. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005836 biolink:NamedThing male reproductive organ cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the male reproductive system. Representative examples include prostate carcinoma, penile carcinoma, testicular seminoma, and testicular embryonal carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027026 biolink:NamedThing Buschke Lowenstein tumor A verrucous carcinoma of the skin or mucosa that occurs in the anogenital region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006266 biolink:NamedThing Leydig cell tumor A sex cord-stromal tumor occurring in the testis and rarely in the ovary. It is predominantly or completely composed of Leydig cells which may contain crystals of Reinke. In males it usually presents as a painless testicular enlargement and it may be associated with gynecomastia and decreased libido. The majority of the cases have a benign clinical course. Approximately 10% of the cases have a malignant clinical course and metastasize. In females it may be associated with androgenic manifestations and it follows a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003124 biolink:NamedThing testicular Leydig cell tumor A sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of cells that resemble the successive stages of development of Leydig cells. It usually presents as a painless testicular mass. Gynecomastia is present in approximately thirty percent of the cases. Libido may be decreased. In children, precocious puberty may be present. A minority of cases exhibit malignant characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036990 biolink:NamedThing benign Leydig cell tumor A Leydig cell tumor which does not recur or metastasize. Morphologically, there is no evidence of cellular atypia, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, or vascular invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002696 biolink:NamedThing Sertoli cell tumor A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis or the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming tubules. Leydig cells are rare or absent. It may be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. In males, the presenting symptom is a slow growing testicular mass. Most cases follow a benign clinical course. In females it may present with estrogenic or androgenic manifestations. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020808 biolink:NamedThing testicular sertoli cell tumor A sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with features of Sertoli cells. It usually presents as a slow growing testicular mass. The vast majority of cases follow a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020809 biolink:NamedThing benign sertoli cell tumor A Sertoli cell tumor of the testis or the ovary which remains localized and does not metastasize to another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000379 biolink:NamedThing malignant Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor A malignant form of Sertoli-leydig cell tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002479 biolink:NamedThing Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of leydig cells; sertoli cells; and fibroblasts in varying proportions and degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce androgens in the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the testis or the ovary causing precocious masculinization in the males, and defeminization, or virilization (virilism) in the females. In some cases, the Sertoli cells produce estrogens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005447 biolink:NamedThing testicular cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the testis. Representative examples include seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, sarcoma, leukemia, and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001472 biolink:NamedThing testicular lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the testis and is not associated with lymphoma in another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001480 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of undescended testis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001482 biolink:NamedThing testicular leukemia A myeloid or more commonly lymphoid leukemia (acute or chronic) affecting the testis. Microscopically, there is interstitial infiltration of the testis by leukemic cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with testicular involvement is not uncommon in boys. Sometimes (up to 10% of the cases), testicular involvement may be the initial manifestation of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. --03 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001992 biolink:NamedThing rete testis adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the rete testis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001993 biolink:NamedThing seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the seminal vesicle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002698 biolink:NamedThing testicular gonadoblastoma A testicular mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumor. It is usually associated with mixed gonadal dysgenesis and ambiguous genitalia. It is characterized by the presence of nests of large neoplastic germ cells and immature cells that resemble Sertoli cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002861 biolink:NamedThing testis sarcoma A sarcoma that arises from the testis. The majority of cases arise from teratomas or spermatocytic seminomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003510 biolink:NamedThing malignant testicular germ cell tumor A malignant tumor predominantly affecting young men and often associated with cryptorchidism. Seminoma is the most frequently seen malignant testicular germ cell tumor, followed by embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003737 biolink:NamedThing malignant testicular Leydig cell tumor A Leydig cell tumor characterized by a large size, cellular atypia, high mitotic activity, vascular invasion and necrotic changes. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000380 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the paranasal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002415 biolink:NamedThing bone carcinoma A carcinoma that involves the bone element. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000514 biolink:NamedThing bone squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the bone tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002422 biolink:NamedThing adamantinoma A low grade malignant neoplasm arising from the long bones. The tibia is the most frequently affected bone site. Patients present with swelling which may or may not be associated with pain. Morphologically, it is characterized by a biphasic pattern consisting of an epithelial and an osteofibrous component. The vast majority of cases recur if they are not treated with radical surgery. In a minority of cases the tumor may metastasize to other anatomic sites including lymph nodes, lungs, liver, brain, and skeleton. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003828 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone-producing pituitary gland carcinoma A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces growth hormone. It may be associated with acromegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004275 biolink:NamedThing osteosarcoma arising in bone Paget disease A sarcomatous transformation of pre-existing Paget disease of the bone. Osteosarcomas arising from Paget disease of the bone are high grade lesions and usually have a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006079 biolink:NamedThing ameloblastic carcinoma A rare, cytologically malignant ameloblastoma that may metastasize. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017582 biolink:NamedThing pituitary adenocarcinoma A rare adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis, arising from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland or pre-existing adenomas. The majority are hormonally functioning neoplasms, usually producing prolactin or ACTH. The diagnosis is based on the presence of metastases. Syndromes associated with pituitary gland carcinomas include hyperprolactinemia, Cushing disease, and acromegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024884 biolink:NamedThing metastatic carcinoma in the bone A carcinoma that has spread to the bone from another, primary anatomic site. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of metastatic carcinoma. Common sites of origin include lung, breast, and prostate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020669 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the paranasal sinuses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001743 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the paranasal sinus. Representative examples include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056819 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044787 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity and paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma A rare, keratinizing or non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma arising from the mucosal epithelium of the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses. It affects most often the maxillary sinus. Less frequently, it arises from the nasal cavity, ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, and frontal sinus. Symptoms include nasal fullness, epistaxis, rhinorhea, pain, and paresthesia. Patients with nasal squamous cell carcinoma usually present earlier than patients with maxillary sinus carcinoma and have a better prognosis compared to the latter group. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000381 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating renal pelvis transitional cell carcinoma A infiltrating urothelial carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004010 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating renal pelvis/ureter urothelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020658 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating ureter transitional cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005221 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the transitional epithelium of the renal pelvis. It is associated with tobacco use and usually presents with gross or microscopic hematuria. Urothelial carcinomas of the renal pelvis are usually of higher grade and higher stage compared to bladder urothelial carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003716 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis papillary urothelial carcinoma A papillary transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004009 biolink:NamedThing kidney pelvis sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma An infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the renal pelvis and exhibits sarcomatoid features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005165 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm A neoplasm which is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (severe cytologic atypia, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic rate). Benign neoplasms remain confined to the original site of growth and do not metastasize to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000383 biolink:NamedThing benign reproductive system neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the male or female reproductive system. Representative examples include benign prostate phyllodes tumor, benign Sertoli cell tumor, uterine corpus leiomyoma, and benign ovarian serous tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000385 biolink:NamedThing benign digestive system neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from any part of the digestive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000627 biolink:NamedThing benign endocrine neoplasm A non-metastasizing, functioning or non-functioning neoplasm that arises from an endocrine organ. Representative examples include thyroid gland follicular adenoma and parathyroid gland adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000629 biolink:NamedThing cardiovascular organ benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the cardiovascular system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000630 biolink:NamedThing immune system organ benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the immune organ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000634 biolink:NamedThing thoracic benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from any of the organs of the thoracic cavity. Representative examples include pleural adenomatoid tumor, chest wall lipoma, mediastinal schwannoma, and lung hamartoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000636 biolink:NamedThing musculoskeletal system benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the musculoskeletal system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000648 biolink:NamedThing nervous system benign neoplasm Abnormal growth of cells in the nervous system without evidence of malignant characteristics. Unlike other organ systems, tumors in the central nervous system can have benign histological characteristics but still have life threatening effects due to their location within the neuraxis (e.g., brainstem gliomas). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000650 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the peritoneal cavity. Representative examples include adenomatoid tumor and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002373 biolink:NamedThing benign mesothelioma A benign proliferative neoplasm made up of epithelial and mesenchymal cells of the mesothelium which make up part of the serosal covering and lining of various organ surfaces within the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002382 biolink:NamedThing benign mesenchymoma A term describing a benign soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003342 biolink:NamedThing benign perivascular tumor A benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the perivascular cells of the connective and soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of pericytes that grow in a circumferential pattern around vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004180 biolink:NamedThing benign urinary system neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the organs that comprise the urinary system. Representative examples include renal oncocytoma, bladder inverted papilloma, and urothelial papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006121 biolink:NamedThing calcifying fibrous tumor A benign well-circumscribed paucicellular lesion arising from the soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of fibroblasts, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, collagenous stroma formation, psammoma bodies, and dystrophic calcifications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021048 biolink:NamedThing benign mastocytoma A localized mast cell neoplasm without metastatic potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021445 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of oral cavity A benign neoplasm that involves the oral cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021455 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of neck A benign neoplasm that involves the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021460 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of salivary gland A benign neoplasm that involves the saliva-secreting gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021520 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of floor of mouth A benign neoplasm that involves the mouth floor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021523 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of pharynx A benign neoplasm that involves the pharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021524 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of buccal mucosa A benign neoplasm that involves the buccal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024470 biolink:NamedThing benign chondrogenic neoplasm A non-metastasizing cartilaginous matrix-producing neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic chondrocytes. Representative examples include osteochondroma and chondroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036976 biolink:NamedThing benign epithelial neoplasm A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells. It is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (severe cytologic atypia, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic rate). Benign epithelial neoplasms remain confined to the original site of growth and only rarely metastasize to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037002 biolink:NamedThing benign phyllodes tumor A benign, circumscribed fibroepithelial neoplasm arising from the breast and rarely the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial structures which are arranged in clefts and by a hypercellular mesenchymal stroma which is organized in leaf-like structures. There is no evidence of cellular atypia or sarcomatous features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006055 biolink:NamedThing sex cord-stromal tumor A neoplasm involving a sex cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006773 biolink:NamedThing gonadal tissue neoplasm Neoplasms composed of tissues of the ovary or the testis, not neoplasms located in the ovaries or testes. Gonadal tissues include germ cells, cells from the sex cord, and gonadal stromal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021148 biolink:NamedThing female reproductive system neoplasm A benign, precancerous, or malignant neoplasm that affects the female reproductive system. Representative examples include uterine corpus leiomyoma, endocervical polyp, ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, and endometrial carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021259 biolink:NamedThing prostate neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024235 biolink:NamedThing Brenner tumor A usually benign tumor composed of solid and cystic nests of epithelial cells resembling transitional epithelium; it is surrounded by an abundant stromal component that is dense and fibroblastic in nature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024582 biolink:NamedThing male reproductive system neoplasm A benign, borderline, or malignant neoplasm that affects the male reproductive system. Representative examples include benign prostate phyllodes tumor, benign testicular Sertoli cell tumor, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, prostate carcinoma, testicular seminoma, and testicular embryonal carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000384 biolink:NamedThing bladder benign neoplasm A benign abnormal growth of the cells that comprise the bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001398 biolink:NamedThing ureter benign neoplasm Cancer or tumors of the ureter which may cause obstruction leading to hydroureter, hydronephrosis, and pyelonephritis. hematuria is a common symptom. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002451 biolink:NamedThing benign prostate phyllodes tumor A rare benign neoplasm that arises from the prostate gland and is characterized by the presence of hyperplastic glands and stroma that contains spindle-shaped cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002513 biolink:NamedThing kidney benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the kidney. Representative examples include cystic nephroma, metanephric adenoma, oncocytoma, and urothelial papilloma of the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004041 biolink:NamedThing urothelial papilloma A rare benign condition, characterized by a papillary growth in the urinary tract with a central fibrovascular core. The latter is lined by normal urothelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004177 biolink:NamedThing benign urethral neoplasm Abnormal growth of the cells of the urethra (lower urinary tract) without malignant characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004987 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder neoplasm A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm of the bladder. - 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001187 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003439 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder villous adenoma An exophytic glandular neoplasm of the bladder, morphologically similar to its intestinal counterpart. It often coexists with in situ or infiltrating bladder adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003442 biolink:NamedThing bladder papillary urothelial neoplasm A papillary epithelial neoplasm that involves the urinary bladder urothelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006111 biolink:NamedThing bladder flat intraepithelial lesion A non-papillary neoplasm of the urinary bladder, whose classification categories include low-grade intraurothelial neoplasia and urothelial carcinoma in situ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006112 biolink:NamedThing bladder inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor A multinodular intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the bladder. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004335 biolink:NamedThing digestive system disorder A disease or disorder that involves the digestive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002515 biolink:NamedThing hepatobiliary disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the liver, bile ducts, and gallbladder. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholangitis, and cholecystitis. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include hepatocellular adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003749 biolink:NamedThing esophageal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the esophagus. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include esophagitis and esophageal ulcer. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include carcinomas, lymphomas, and melanomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004247 biolink:NamedThing peptic ulcer disease A mucosal erosion that occurs in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004298 biolink:NamedThing stomach disorder A disease involving the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004522 biolink:NamedThing peritonitis Inflammation of the peritoneum due to infection by bacteria or fungi. Causes include liver disease, perforation of the gastrointestinal tract or biliary tract, and peritoneal dialysis. Patients usually present with abdominal pain and tenderness, fever, chills, and nausea and vomiting. It is an emergency medical condition that requires prompt medical attention and treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005020 biolink:NamedThing intestinal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the small or large intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008283 biolink:NamedThing Cronkhite-Canada syndrome Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare gastrointestinal (GI) polyposis syndrome characterized by the association of non-hereditary GI polyposis with the cutaneous triad of alopecia, nail changes and hyperpigmentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009119 biolink:NamedThing diverticulosis, small-intestinal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009173 biolink:NamedThing congenital enteropathy due to enteropeptidase deficiency A rare, genetic, gastroenterological disease characterized by early-onset failure to thrive, edema, hypoproteinemia, diarrhea and fat malabsorption (or steatorrhea) in the presence of very low or absent trypsin activity in duodenal fluid. Celiac disease, or other pancreatic or mucosal disorders, may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015111 biolink:NamedThing gastroesophageal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024292 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal polyp A polypoid tumor that arises from any part of the gastrointestinal tract and protrudes into the lumen. Representative examples include adenomatous polyps, hyperplastic polyps, and hamartomatous polyps. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024503 biolink:NamedThing digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation arising from the digestive system. It includes neuroendocrine tumors (well-differentiated endocrine tumors or carcinoid tumors and well differentiated endocrine carcinomas) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas, small cell carcinomas, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021223 biolink:NamedThing digestive system neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the digestive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002514 biolink:NamedThing hepatobiliary neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the liver parenchyma, bile ducts, and gallbladder. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include hepatocellular adenoma, bile duct adenoma, and gallbladder lipoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006180 biolink:NamedThing digestive system adenoma A sporadic or less frequently familial neoplasm, arising from the glandular epithelium of the stomach, small intestine, biliary tract, colon, and rectum. It is a polypoid or flat circumscribed lesion. Morphologically, it is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic glandular cells and it is associated with dysplasia. According to the growth pattern, it may be classified as tubular, villous, or tubulovillous. The dysplasia is classified as mild, moderate, or severe. The frequency of malignant transformation depends on the size of the lesion and the degree of dysplasia. Larger adenomas with severe dysplastic changes (sometimes called carcinoma in situ) carry a higher risk of progressing to invasive adenocarcinoma. Gastrointestinal adenomas may present as solitary or multifocal lesions. Familial adenomas tend to be multifocal and carry a higher risk of malignant transformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006231 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal hamartoma A non-neoplastic, hamartomatous polyp that arises from the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. This group includes the juvenile polyps and Peutz-Jeghers polyps. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017167 biolink:NamedThing malignant epithelial tumor of salivary glands DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017168 biolink:NamedThing benign epithelial tumor of salivary glands DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021040 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021085 biolink:NamedThing gastric neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021118 biolink:NamedThing intestinal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the small or large intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021192 biolink:NamedThing odontogenic neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the maxillofacial skeleton or the gingiva. Benign tumors are slow growing and are not associated with specific clinical symptoms. Pain is absent or slight. Malignant tumors are usually associated with rapid swelling and pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021240 biolink:NamedThing tongue neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the tongue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021241 biolink:NamedThing buccal mucosa neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the buccal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021245 biolink:NamedThing oral cavity neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the oral cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021246 biolink:NamedThing pharynx neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the pharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021249 biolink:NamedThing lip neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021355 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of esophagus A neoplasm (disease) that involves the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021357 biolink:NamedThing tumor of salivary gland A neoplasm (disease) that involves the saliva-secreting gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021383 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of floor of mouth A neoplasm (disease) that involves the mouth floor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036696 biolink:NamedThing spleen neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the spleen. Representative examples include hemangioma, lymphoma, splenic involvement by leukemia, and angiosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043251 biolink:NamedThing odontoma A benign, slow growing, and painless hamartomatous tumor occurring in tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. According to the presence or absence of tooth-like structures, it is classified as complex type or compound type. Odontoma of complex type is characterized by the presence of enamel and dentin and the absence of tooth-like structures. It is treated with local excision. If it is incompletely removed, it may recur. Odontoma of compound type is characterized by the presence of tooth-like structures. It is treated by local excision. Recurrences have not been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000386 biolink:NamedThing digestive system neuroendocrine tumor, grade 1/2 A well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor arising from the digestive system. It is characterized by the presence of cells with features similar to those of the normal endocrine cells of the digestive system. The neoplastic cells express immunohistochemical evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation and hormones. There is mild to moderate nuclear atypia and less than 20 mitoses per 10 HPF. It includes well-differentiated endocrine tumors or carcinoid tumors and well-differentiated endocrine carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002883 biolink:NamedThing intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the small or large intestine. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003111 biolink:NamedThing gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005815 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It includes neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006405 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland small cell carcinoma An infrequent small cell carcinoma that arises from the salivary glands and is characterized by the presence of a high number of mitotic figures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015072 biolink:NamedThing liver neuroendocrine carcinoma An extremely rare, aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024502 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gallbladder. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0028618 biolink:NamedThing gastroenteric neuroendocrine neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045070 biolink:NamedThing digestive system melanoma A melanoma that arises from any part of the digestive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001245 biolink:NamedThing microcytic anemia Anemia in which the red blood cell volume is decreased. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006760 biolink:NamedThing fetal erythroblastosis A disorder of the fetus or newborn that occurs when fetal cells that are coated with IgG alloantibodies from the mother attack antigens inherited from the father. Severity can range from absence of symptoms to death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008788 biolink:NamedThing IRIDA syndrome IRIDA (Iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive iron metabolism disorder characterized by iron deficiency anemia (hypochromic, microcytic) that is often unresponsive to oral iron intake and partially responsive to parenteral iron treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001357 biolink:NamedThing hypochromic anemia Anemia caused by the reduction of hemoglobin in relation to the red cell volume. As a result, the red cells have an area of central pallor which is increased in size. The leading cause is iron deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000446 biolink:NamedThing midface dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005610 biolink:NamedThing Kashin-Beck disease Disabling osteochondrodysplasia with osteosclerosis, cone-shaped metaphysis, and shortening of the diaphysis. It is endemic in parts of Siberia and northern China. Mineral deficiencies (e.g., selenium, iodine), fungal cereal contamination, and water contamination may be contributing factors in its etiology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007037 biolink:NamedThing achondroplasia Achondroplasia is the most common form of chondrodysplasia, characterized by rhizomelia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, brachydactyly, and macrocephaly with frontal bossing and midface hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007208 biolink:NamedThing Boomerang dysplasia Boomerang dysplasia (BD) is a rare lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by severe short-limbed dwarfism, dislocated joints, club feet, distinctive facies and diagnostic x-ray findings of underossified and dysplastic long tubular bones, with a boomerang-like bowing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007251 biolink:NamedThing campomelic dysplasia Campomelic dysplasia is a very rare disorder characterised by a variable association of skeletal abnormalities (bowed and fragile long bones, pelvis and chest abnormalities, eleven rib pairs instead of the usual twelve), and extraskeletal abnormalities (facial dysmorphology, cleft palate, sexual ambiguity or sex reversal in two thirds of the affected boys, and brain, heart and kidney malformations). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007340 biolink:NamedThing cleidocranial dysplasia Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a condition that primarily affects the development of the bones and teeth. Characteristic features include underdeveloped or absent collarbones (clavicles); dental abnormalities; and delayed closing of the spaces between the skull bones (fontanels). Other features may include decreased bone density (osteopenia), osteoporosis, hearing loss, bone abnormalities of the hands, and recurrent sinus and ear infections. CCD is caused by changes (mutations) in the RUNX2 gene and inheritance is autosomal dominant. It may be inherited from an affected parent or occur due to a new mutation in the RUNX2 gene. Management may include dental procedures, treatment of sinus and ear infections, use of helmets for high-risk activities, and/or surgery for skeletal problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007481 biolink:NamedThing Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD) is a skeletal dysplasia marked by disproportionate short stature and the characteristic Madelung wrist deformity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007793 biolink:NamedThing hypochondroplasia Hypochondroplasia is characterized by disproportionate short stature, mild lumbar lordosis and limited extension of the elbow joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008322 biolink:NamedThing pseudoachondroplasia Pseudoachondroplasia is characterized by severe growth deficiency and deformations such as bow legs and hyperlordosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008700 biolink:NamedThing acheiropody Acheiropodia is an extremely rare developmental disorder characterized by bilateral, congenital and complete amputation of the distal extremities (amputation of distal epiphysis of the humerus, distal portion of the tibial diaphysis, aplasia of the radius, ulna, fibula) and aplasia of hands and feet (aplasia of carpal, metacarpal, tarsal, metatarsal and phalangeal bones). Rarely, an ectopic bone can be found at the distal end of the humerus. No other systemic manifestations have been reported and the disorder follows an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009107 biolink:NamedThing diastrophic dysplasia Diastrophic dwarfism is a rare disorder marked by short stature with short extremities (final adult height is 120cm +/- 10cm), and joint malformations leading to multiple joint contractures (principally involving the shoulders, elbows, interphalangeal joints and hips). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009940 biolink:NamedThing pycnodysostosis Pycnodysostosis is a genetic lysosomal disease characterized by short stature, increased density of the bones (osteosclerosis/osteopetrosis), and brittle bones. Other features may include underdevelopment of the tips of the fingers with absent or small nails, an abnormal collarbone (clavicle), distinctive facial features including a large head with a small face and chin, underdeveloped facial bones, a high forehead, and dental abnormalities.Pycnodysostosis is an autosomal recessive condition caused by mutations in the gene that codes the enzyme cathepsin K (CTSK) on chromosome 1q21. The diagnosis of pycnodysostosis is based on physical features and X-ray findings. Molecular genetic testing is available. Treatment should address the symptoms found in each patient and may include orthopedic monitoring, treatment of fractures, appropriate dental care, and craniofacial surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010013 biolink:NamedThing schneckenbecken dysplasia Schneckenbecken dysplasia (or chondrodysplasia with snail-like pelvis) is a prenatally lethal spondylodysplastic dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010881 biolink:NamedThing mesomelia-synostoses syndrome A syndromal osteochondrodysplasia due to a contiguous gene deletion syndrome, characterized by progressive bowing of forearms and forelegs leading to mesomelia, progressive intracarpal or intratarsal bone fusion and fusion of metacarpal bones with proximal phalanges, ptosis, hypertelorism, abnormal soft palate, congenital heart defect, and ureteral anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015262 biolink:NamedThing brachyolmia Brachyolmia is a rare, clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of bone disorders characterized by short trunk, mild short stature, scoliosis and generalized platyspondyly without significant abnormalities in the long bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016068 biolink:NamedThing fibrochondrogenesis Fibrochondrogenesis is a rare, neonatally lethal, rhizomelic chondrodysplasia. Eleven cases have been reported. The face is distinctive and characterized by protuberant eyes, flat midface, flat small nose with anteverted nares and a small mouth with long upper lip. Cleft palate, micrognathia and bifid tongue can occur. The limbs show marked shortness of all segments with relatively normal hands and feet. No internal anomalies other than omphalocele have been reported. Transmission is probably autosomal recessive. Recurrence in a consanguineous family (affecting both sexes) and concordance of affected male twins have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016648 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia Multiple epiphyseal dysplasias (MED/EDMs) are characterized by epiphyseal anomalies causing joint pain early in life, recurrent osteochondritis and early arthrosis. The EDMs are a heterogeneous group of diseases with variable expression classed as MED/EDMs 1-6. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016761 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia An osteochondrodysplasia that results in abnormalities of bone growth located in vertebral column, located in epiphysis, located in metaphysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017042 biolink:NamedThing thanatophoric dysplasia Thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) is a severe and generally lethal skeletal dysplasia presenting in the prenatal period and characterized by micromelia, macrocephaly, narrow thorax, and distinctive facial features. It includes TD, type 1 (TD1) and TD, type 2 (TD2), that can be differentiated from each other by femur and skull shape. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017194 biolink:NamedThing Blount disease Blount disease is characterized by disturbed growth of the inner portion of the upper tibial extremity, progressively leading to bowlegged deformity with bone angulation just below the knee (tibia varus). In 60% of cases, the condition affects both legs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019648 biolink:NamedThing achondrogenesis Achondrogenesis describes a rare group of lethal skeletal dysplasias characterized by an endochondral ossification deficiency that leads to dwarfism with extreme micromelia, a small thorax, a prominent abdomen, anasarca and polyhydramnios. There are three types of achondrogenesis that exist and that differ clinically, radiologically, histologically and genetically: achondrogensis type 1a, type 1b and type 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019696 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia A group of extremely rare, inherited, progressive skeletal conditions that result in a particular form of short stature, called short-limb dwarfism. The short stature is the result of unusually short forearms and forelegs (mesomelia) and abnormal shortening of the bones in the hands and feet (acromelia). At birth, the hands and feet may appear abnormally short and broad. Over time, the apparent disproportion becomes even more obvious, especially during the first years of life. Additional features may include: limited extension of the elbows and arms; progressive abnormal curvature of the spine; an enlarged head; and a slightly flattened midface. Acromesomelic dysplasia is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. There are different types of acromesomelic dysplasia, which are distinguished by their genetic cause. To read more about the different types, click on the links below. Acromesomelic dysplasia, Maroteaux type Acromesomelic dysplasia, Hunter-Thompson type Acromesomelic dysplasia, Grebe type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019702 biolink:NamedThing neonatal osteosclerotic dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021834 biolink:NamedThing Akaba Hayasaka syndrome A syndrome characterized by frontal bossing, cloudy corneae, low nasal ridge, and micrognathia, hypoplastic thorax, and rhizomelic micromelia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023106 biolink:NamedThing Fairbank disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023599 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dysplasia A form of skeletal dysplasia characterized by shortening of the bones of the middle segments of the limbs (i.e., the radii, ulnae, tibiae and fibulae). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100510 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia An osteochondrodysplasia that results in abnormalities of bone growth in the vertebral column, epiphysis, and metaphysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000390 biolink:NamedThing vitelliform macular dystrophy A rare genetic disorder characterized by macular degeneration in the retina resulting in progressive loss of central vision with retention of the peripheral vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003004 biolink:NamedThing macular degeneration Loss of vision in the central portion of the retina (macula), secondary to retinal degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002175 biolink:NamedThing degeneration of macula and posterior pole DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003005 biolink:NamedThing macular retinal edema Accumulation of intraretinal fluid and protein in the macula, which may result in swelling and decreased central vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012733 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) is a retinal dystrophy, characterized by central visual loss in the first 2 decades of life, associated with an absent electrooculogram (EOG) light rise and a reduced electroretinogram (ERG). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013316 biolink:NamedThing occult macular dystrophy Occult macular dystrophy is a rare, genetic retinal dystrophy disease characterized by bilateral progressive decline of visual acuity, due to retinal dysfunction confined only to the macula, associated with normal fundus and fluorescein angiograms and severly attenuated focal macular and multifocal electroretinograms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014501 biolink:NamedThing macular degeneration, early-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020381 biolink:NamedThing patterned macular dystrophy A macular degeneration characterized by abnormal accumulation of lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium in a distinct pattern, patterns include; reticular ('fishnet-like'), macroreticular ('spider-shaped'), and butterfly-shaped. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020242 biolink:NamedThing genetic macular dystrophy Macular dystrophy that is related to a change in a gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000455 biolink:NamedThing cone dystrophy An inherited ocular disorder characterized by the loss of cone cells, the photoreceptors responsible for both central and color vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007353 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of macula-brachydactyly type B syndrome Coloboma of macula - brachydactyly type B or Sorsby syndrome is a malformation syndrome characterized by the combination of bilateral coloboma of macula with horizontal pendular nystagmus and severe visual loss, and brachydactyly type B. The hand and feet defects comprise shortening of the middle and terminal phalanges of the second to fifth digits, hypoplastic or absent nails (congenital anonychia), broad or bifid thumbs and halluces, syndactyly and flexion deformities of the joints of some digits. Coloboma of macula - brachydactyly type B is inherited in a dominant manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007934 biolink:NamedThing benign concentric annular macular dystrophy Benign concentric annular macular dystrophy (BCAMD) is a progressive autosomal dominant macular dystrophy characterized by parafoveal hypopigmentation followed by a retinitis pigmentosa-like phenotype (nyctalopia and peripheral vision loss) with a bullBs eye configuration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007936 biolink:NamedThing macular dystrophy, fenestrated sheen type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009001 biolink:NamedThing macular coloboma-cleft palate-hallux valgus syndrome Macular coloboma-cleft palate-hallux valgus syndrome is characterised by the association of bilateral macular coloboma, cleft palate, and hallux valgus. It has been described in a brother and sister. Pelvic, limb and digital anomalies were also reported. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009020 biolink:NamedThing macular corneal dystrophy Macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) is a rare, severe form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by bilateral ill-defined cloudy regions within a hazy stroma, and eventually severe visual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009548 biolink:NamedThing renal hypomagnesemia 5 with ocular involvement Familial primary hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis with severe ocular involvement (FHHNCOI) is a form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH), characterized by excessive magnesium and calcium renal wasting, bilateral nephrocalcinosis, progressive renal failure and severe ocular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010646 biolink:NamedThing macular dystrophy, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016420 biolink:NamedThing familial flecked retinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018973 biolink:NamedThing patterned dystrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031166 biolink:NamedThing macular dystrophy, retinal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000393 biolink:NamedThing partial fetal alcohol syndrome A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in most, but not all, of the growth deficiency and/or craniofacial features of fetal alcohol syndrome including central nervous system dysfunction due to prenatal alcohol exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000408 biolink:NamedThing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder A group of disorders caused by a prenatal exposure to maternal consumption of alcohol leading to a range of behavioral, cognitive and neurological deficits in the offspring. It is characterized by physical growth problems, distinct facies, and varying psycho-neurological issues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000395 biolink:NamedThing alcohol-related birth defect A physical or cognitive mental abnormality caused by maternal alcohol consumption and its toxic effect on the developing embryo during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016011 biolink:NamedThing fetal alcohol syndrome Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a rare malformation syndrome caused by excessive maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy. It is characterized by prenatal and/or postnatal growth deficiency (weight and/or height <10th percentile), a unique cluster of minor facial anomalies (short palpebral fissures, flat and smooth philtrum, and thin upper lip) and severe central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities including microcephaly, and cognitive and behavioral impairment (intellectual disability, deficit in general cognition, learning and language, executive function, visual-spatial processing, memory, and attention). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000396 biolink:NamedThing spastic cerebral palsy A form of cerebral palsy wherein spasticity is the exclusive impairment present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006497 biolink:NamedThing cerebral palsy A group of disorders affecting the development of movement and posture, often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, and behavior. It results from damage to the fetal or infant brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000397 biolink:NamedThing ataxic cerebral palsy A form of cerebral palsy caused by damage to cerebellar structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000400 biolink:NamedThing mixed cerebral palsy A subtype of cerebral palsy characterized by both the tight muscle tone of spastic cerebral palsy and the writhing, involuntary muscle movements of athetoid cerebral palsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020695 biolink:NamedThing hypotonic cerebral palsy A type of cerebral palsy characterized by decreased muscle tone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022697 biolink:NamedThing athetoid cerebral palsy A subtype of cerebral palsy characterized by involuntary, purposeless writhing movements which affect the hands, feet, arms, and legs; the face and tongue may be affected as well, leading to involuntary grimacing, drooling, dysarthria and difficulty eating. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000402 biolink:NamedThing small cell carcinoma A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of small malignant cells which are often said to resemble "oat cells" under the microscope. Small cell carcinoma most often affects the lungs. Clinically, this is often a rapidly growing cancer that spreads to distant sites early. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002120 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine carcinoma A malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm composed of cells containing secretory granules that stain positive for NSE and chromogranin. The neoplastic cells are often round and form clusters or trabecular sheets. Representative examples are small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002167 biolink:NamedThing rectum malignant melanoma An aggressive malignant melanocytic neoplasm that arises from the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003504 biolink:NamedThing anal canal neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the anal canal. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005057 biolink:NamedThing large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma A usually aggressive carcinoma composed of large malignant cells which display neuroendocrine characteristics. It is characterized by the presence of high mitotic activity and necrotic changes. The vast majority of cases are positive for neuron-specific enolase. Representative examples include lung, breast, cervical, and thymic neuroendocrine carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005893 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic endocrine carcinoma An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006167 biolink:NamedThing combined lung carcinoma A lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of large or small neuroendocrine carcinoma cells in combination with malignant glandular or squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006288 biolink:NamedThing malignant adrenal gland pheochromocytoma A pheochromocytoma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites. Common sites of metastasis include lymph nodes, bones, liver, and lung. Morphologic features associated with malignant pheochromocytomas include: atypical mitotic figures, capsular and vascular invasion, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015277 biolink:NamedThing medullary thyroid gland carcinoma A neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the C-cells of the thyroid gland. It is closely associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Approximately 10% to 20% of medullary thyroid carcinomas are familial. Patients usually present with a thyroid nodule that is painless and firm. In the majority of cases nodal involvement is present at diagnosis. Surgery is the preferred treatment for both primary lesions and recurrences. This carcinoma is generally not very sensitive to radiation and almost unresponsive to chemotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018017 biolink:NamedThing goblet cell carcinoma An aggressive type of endocrine tumor of the appendix presenting equally in males and females in the fifth decade of life and manifesting with a palpable mass and abdominal pain or acute appendicitis. Metastasis to the ovaries, peritoneum or right colon has usually already occurred in half of patients at the time of diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019210 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma Cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma is a primary cutaneous cancer arising from a subset of skin neuroendocrine cells (Merkel cells, giving the name Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC)). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020516 biolink:NamedThing thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma Thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma is a type of thymic epithelial neoplasm displaying evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056816 biolink:NamedThing vulvar neuroendocrine carcinoma A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vulva. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Most small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the vulva are Merkel cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000405 biolink:NamedThing anal canal cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the anal canal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005814 biolink:NamedThing intestinal cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the intestine DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000956 biolink:NamedThing small intestine cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005037 biolink:NamedThing gastric intestinal type adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma of the stomach arising on a background of intestinal metaplasia. Microscopically, it is characterized by a glandular pattern and it closely resembles a colonic adenocarcinoma. Grossly, it tends to be nodular, polypoid or ulcerated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005575 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the colon or rectum. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024634 biolink:NamedThing large intestine disorder A disease that involves the large intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001593 biolink:NamedThing rectal disorder A disease that involves the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003409 biolink:NamedThing colonic disorder Pathological processes in the colon region of the large intestine (intestine, large). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005335 biolink:NamedThing colorectal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the colon or rectum. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include lipoma and leiomyoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. Colorectal adenomas always exhibit epithelial dysplasia and are considered premalignant neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005532 biolink:NamedThing Crohn's colitis Crohn's disease affecting the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018516 biolink:NamedThing epithelial tumor of anal canal A epithelial neoplasm that involves the anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021392 biolink:NamedThing polyp of large intestine A polyp that involves the large intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021444 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of large intestine A benign neoplasm that involves the large intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056798 biolink:NamedThing disorder of appendix A disease or disorder that involves the vermiform appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000407 biolink:NamedThing malignant pleural solitary fibrous tumor A malignant form of pleural solitary fibrous tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006294 biolink:NamedThing pleural cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the pleura. A representative example of primary malignant pleural neoplasm is the malignant pleural mesothelioma. A representative example of metastatic malignant neoplasm to the pleura is metastatic carcinoma that has spread to the pleura from another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001861 biolink:NamedThing malignant parietal pleura tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001862 biolink:NamedThing malignant visceral pleura tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005112 biolink:NamedThing malignant pleural mesothelioma A malignant neoplasm that arises from mesothelial cells in the pleura and shows a diffuse growth pattern. It arises on the parietal and sometimes visceral pleura as multiple small nodules that later become confluent and invade the chest wall adipose tissue and muscle. Asbestos exposure is the main cause for the development of pleural malignant mesothelioma. It usually affects patients over sixty years of age. The latency period is long. Patients usually present with pleural effusion, dyspnea and chest wall pain. Additional signs and symptoms include chills, sweating, weight loss, and weakness. Morphologic variants include epithelioid, desmoplastic, sarcomatoid, and biphasic mesothelioma. The clinical course is usually aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021041 biolink:NamedThing pleural solitary fibrous tumor A localized neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation, that arises from the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle-shaped cells, hylanized stroma formation, thin-walled branching blood vessels, and thin bands of collagen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000592 biolink:NamedThing specific developmental disorder A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000495 biolink:NamedThing oppositional defiant disorder A behavior disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior towards authority figures, manifested by a frequent loss of temper, arguing, becoming angry or vindictive, or other negativistic behaviors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000815 biolink:NamedThing fetal nicotine spectrum disorder A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of nicotine during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002182 biolink:NamedThing communication disorder A disorder characterized by an individual's inability to comprehend or share ideas or feelings because of an impairment in language, speech, or hearing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002265 biolink:NamedThing stereotypic movement disorder Motor behavior that is repetitive, often seemingly driven, and nonfunctional. This behavior markedly interferes with normal activities or results in severe bodily self-injury. The behavior is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition. (dsm-iv, 1994) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002420 biolink:NamedThing tic disorder Disorders characterized by recurrent TICS that may interfere with speech and other activities. Tics are sudden, rapid, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations which may be exacerbated by stress and are generally attenuated during absorbing activities. Tic disorders are distinguished from conditions which feature other types of abnormal movements that may accompany another another condition. (From DSM-IV, 1994) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004681 biolink:NamedThing learning disability A group of disorders that affect a person's ability to learn or process specific types of information which is in contrast to his/her apparent level of intellect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004922 biolink:NamedThing developmental coordination disorder A disorder characterized by an impairment in the development of an individual's motor coordination skills; this impairment in motor development is not due to a medical condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005352 biolink:NamedThing conduct disorder A disorder diagnosed in childhood or adolescence age group characterized by aggressive behavior, deceitfulness, destruction of property or violation of rules that is persistent and repetitive, and within a one year period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007743 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder A disorder characterized by a marked pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is inconsistent with developmental level and clearly interferes with functioning in at least two settings (e.g. at home and at school). When present, the symptoms of hyperactivity are most often present before the age of 7 years. There are three recognized presentations or subtypes from most to least common: combined type, inattentive/distractible type, hyperactive/impulsive type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002326 biolink:NamedThing alcohol-induced mental disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002330 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic psychosis A group of mental disorders associated with organic brain damage and caused by poisoning from alcohol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006642 biolink:NamedThing alcohol withdrawal delirium An acute organic mental disorder induced by cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical characteristics include confusion; delusions; vivid hallucinations; tremor; agitation; insomnia; and signs of autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021699 biolink:NamedThing alcohol-induced disorders Disorders stemming from the misuse and abuse of alcohol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003232 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic pancreatitis Acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas due to excessive alcohol drinking. Alcoholic pancreatitis usually presents as an acute episode but it is a chronic progressive disease in alcoholics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006643 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic cardiomyopathy A dilated cardiomyopathy which is associated with consumption of large amounts of alcohol over a period of years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021166 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory disease A disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the anatomical structure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000497 biolink:NamedThing pyometritis Inflammation of uterine musculature associated with pus in the uterine cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000739 biolink:NamedThing uvulitis Inflammation of the uvula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000748 biolink:NamedThing mastoiditis Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the mastoid antrum and mastoid air cell system of the mastoid process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000922 biolink:NamedThing pelvic inflammatory disease Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an acute or chronic inflammation in the pelvic cavity. It is most commonly caused by sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia and gonorrhea that have ascended into the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries as a result of intercourse or childbirth, or of surgical procedures, including insertion of IUDs or abortion. PID may be either symptomatic or asymptomatic. It may cause infertility and it may raise the risk of ectopic pregnancy. PID is a disease associated with HIV infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001109 biolink:NamedThing petrositis Inflammation of petrous bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001166 biolink:NamedThing nephritis Inflammation of renal tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001409 biolink:NamedThing esophagitis An acute or chronic inflammatory disease affecting the esophageal wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001873 biolink:NamedThing geniculate ganglionitis Diseases of the facial nerve or nuclei. Pontine disorders may affect the facial nuclei or nerve fascicle. The nerve may be involved intracranially, along its course through the petrous portion of the temporal bone, or along its extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include facial muscle weakness, loss of taste from the anterior tongue, hyperacusis, and decreased lacrimation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001875 biolink:NamedThing epicondylitis Inflammation of the lateral epicondyle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002008 biolink:NamedThing labyrinthitis Inflammation of the inner ear. The cause is often not clear. It may be due to a virus, but it can also arise from bacterial infection, head injury, extreme stress, an allergy, or as a reaction to medication. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002102 biolink:NamedThing cheilitis An inflammatory process affecting the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002122 biolink:NamedThing neuritis A neuropathy arising from inflammation of one or more nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002234 biolink:NamedThing vaginitis A non-infectious or infectious inflammatory process affecting the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002258 biolink:NamedThing pharyngitis Inflammation of the throat most often caused by viral and bacterial infections. Other causes include allergens, chemical substances, and trauma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002260 biolink:NamedThing hidradenitis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the apocrine sweat gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002335 biolink:NamedThing chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuritis An immunologic inflammatory disorder characterized by loss of myelin in the peripheral nerves. Patients present with progressive weakness and loss of sensory function in the legs and arms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002406 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis An inflammatory process affecting the skin. Signs include red rash, itching, and blister formation. Representative examples are contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002471 biolink:NamedThing bursitis Inflammation or irritation of a synovial bursa, the fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of bones, muscles, tendons or skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003085 biolink:NamedThing keratitis A corneal disease that is characterized by inflammation of the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003632 biolink:NamedThing endocervicitis Inflammation of the endocervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003799 biolink:NamedThing conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003937 biolink:NamedThing spondylitis The inflammation of a vertebra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004126 biolink:NamedThing thyroiditis Inflammation of the thyroid gland. This category includes Hashimoto thyroiditis, Riedel thyroiditis, acute thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis, and radiation-induced thyroiditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004235 biolink:NamedThing diverticulitis An infection that develops in the diverticula of the intestinal tract. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004466 biolink:NamedThing neuronitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004492 biolink:NamedThing mediastinitis An inflammatory process affecting the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004779 biolink:NamedThing epididymitis Inflammation of the epididymis. Its clinical features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen scrotum; pain; pyuria; and fever. It is usually related to infections in the urinary tract, which likely spread to the epididymis through either the vas deferens or the lymphatics of the spermatic cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004785 biolink:NamedThing blepharitis Inflammation of the eyelids near the eyelashes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004789 biolink:NamedThing cholangitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the biliary tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004804 biolink:NamedThing dacryoadenitis Inflammation and enlargement of the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004830 biolink:NamedThing fasciitis Inflammation process in fascia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004923 biolink:NamedThing chronic inflammation of lacrimal passage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004926 biolink:NamedThing dacryocystitis Inflammation of the lacrimal sac. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004934 biolink:NamedThing periostitis Inflammation of the periosteum. The condition is generally chronic, and is marked by tenderness and swelling of the bone and an aching pain. Acute periostitis is due to infection, is characterized by diffuse suppuration, severe pain, and constitutional symptoms, and usually results in necrosis. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004966 biolink:NamedThing gastritis Inflammation of the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004982 biolink:NamedThing pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005076 biolink:NamedThing periodontitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process that affects the tissues that surround and support the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005156 biolink:NamedThing encephalomyelitis Inflammation of the brain and the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005250 biolink:NamedThing placental villitis Inflammatory process that involves the chorionic villi (villitis) of the placenta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005280 biolink:NamedThing prostatitis An infectious or non-infectious inflammatory process affecting the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005297 biolink:NamedThing urethritis Inflammation of the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005441 biolink:NamedThing otitis media Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the middle ear, which is most often caused by an infectious process. Symptoms include erythema and edema of the tympanic membrane, pain, and possibly fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005538 biolink:NamedThing proctitis An inflammatory process affecting the anus. It is usually caused by sexually transmitted infectious agents and/or inflammatory bowel disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005578 biolink:NamedThing arthritic joint disease An inflammatory process affecting a joint. Causes include infection, autoimmune processes, degenerative processes, and trauma. Signs and symptoms may include swelling around the affected joint and pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005887 biolink:NamedThing oral tuberculosis Tuberculosis of the mouth, tongue, and salivary glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005900 biolink:NamedThing parotitis Inflammation of the parotid glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005904 biolink:NamedThing pericarditis An inflammatory process affecting the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005961 biolink:NamedThing sinusitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the mucous membranes of any sinus cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006032 biolink:NamedThing cystitis Inflammation of the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006672 biolink:NamedThing balanitis An infectious or non-infectious inflammatory process that affects the glans penis. Symptoms include redness and pain of the glans penis and foreskin and discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006771 biolink:NamedThing glossitis Inflammation of the tongue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006849 biolink:NamedThing mastitis Inflammation of breast tissue during lactation or postpartum due to an obstructed duct or infection. Mastitis can also occur in non-breastfeeding women, and rarely in men. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006877 biolink:NamedThing oophoritis Inflammation of the ovary, generally caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006882 biolink:NamedThing orchitis Inflammation of one or both testes due to viral or bacterial infections. Signs and symptoms include enlargement or tenderness of the affected testis, inguinal lymphadenopathy, blood in the semen, and pain during urination, intercourse, or ejaculation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006900 biolink:NamedThing perinephritis Inflammation of the connective and adipose tissues surrounding the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006955 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic heart disease An autoinflammatory condition following an infection with Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS), in which the heart is attacked by antibodies formed in reaction to a recent GABHS infection. Chief anatomic changes of the valve include leaflet thickening, commissural fusion, and shortening and thickening of the tendinous cords, all of which can result in valvular dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007018 biolink:NamedThing vulvitis Inflammation of the vulva. It is characterized by pruritus and painful urination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016047 biolink:NamedThing endophthalmitis An infectious process affecting the internal structures of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018305 biolink:NamedThing chronic granulomatous disease Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency, mainly affecting phagocytes, which is characterized by an increased susceptibility to severe and recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, along with the development of granulomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018882 biolink:NamedThing vasculitis Vasculitis represents a clinically heterogenous group of diseases of multifactorial etiology characterized by inflammation of either large-sized vessels (large-vessel vasculitis, e.g. Giant-cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis), medium-sized vessels (medium-vessel vasculitis e.g. polyarteritis nodosa and Kawasaki disease), or small-sized vessels (small-vessel vasculitis, e.g. granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, immunoglobulin A vasculitis, and cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis). Vasculitis occurs at any age, may be acute or chronic, and manifests with general symptoms such as fever, weight loss and fatigue, as well as more specific clinical signs depending on the type of vessels and organs affected. The degree of severity is variable, ranging from life or sight threatening disease (e.g. BehC'et disease) to relatively minor skin disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019621 biolink:NamedThing chronic pneumonitis of infancy Chronic pneumonitis of infancy is a rare pediatric form of interstitial lung disease (ILD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020283 biolink:NamedThing uveitis An inflammatory process affecting a part of or the entire uvea. Causes include inflammatory agents (e.g., herpes simplex, herpes zoster, leptospirosis) and systemic diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis). Patients present with pain and redness in the eye, light sensitivity, and blurred and decreased vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020579 biolink:NamedThing mucositis Inflammation of the mucous membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020710 biolink:NamedThing amnionitis Inflammation of the amnion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020830 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021157 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal cervicitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021164 biolink:NamedThing posthitis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the prepuce of penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021562 biolink:NamedThing omphalitis Inflammation of the umbilical cord stump in newborns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021666 biolink:NamedThing ear infection A viral or bacterial infection that affects the external, middle, or inner ear. It may follow an upper respiratory infection. Signs and symptoms include pain, ear discharge, ear fullness, hearing loss, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021765 biolink:NamedThing radiculitis An inflammatory process affecting a nerve root. Patients experience pain radiating along a nerve path because of spinal pressure on the nerve root that connects to the nerve path. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021925 biolink:NamedThing tracheobronchitis Inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021960 biolink:NamedThing ureteritis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024419 biolink:NamedThing enthesitis Inflammation at the site of insertion of ligaments, tendons, and other fibrous structures into bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024636 biolink:NamedThing inflammation of heart layer An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the heart layer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043786 biolink:NamedThing serositis Inflammation of a serous membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100185 biolink:NamedThing immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome An inflammatory condition that arises after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) therapy in HIV-infected patients that results from restored immunity to specific infectious or non-infectious antigens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045013 biolink:NamedThing disorder of extraembryonic membrane A disease or disorder that involves the extraembryonic membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000410 biolink:NamedThing funisitis An acute inflammation of the umbilical cord. It is characterized by the presence of polymorphonuclear cells migrating from the fetal umbilical cord vessels through the umbilical cord towards the bacteria containing amniotic fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024575 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy disorder A disorder that is related to pregnancy. Representative examples include ectopic pregnancy, toxemia of pregnancy, and gestational trophoblastic tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001065 biolink:NamedThing supine hypotensive syndrome A vascular disease that is characterized by severe supine hypotension in late pregnancy, whose clinical presentation ranges from minimal cardiovascular alterations to severe shock, resulting from inferior vena cava compression by gravid uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001976 biolink:NamedThing chorea gravidarum A rare movement disorder developed during pregnancy, characterized by involuntary jerky motion (chorea) and inability to maintain stable position of body parts (athetosis). rheumatic fever and collagen vascular disorders are frequently associated with this disease. Chorea may vary from mild to severe and occurs in approximately 1 per 2,000 to 3,000 pregnancies. (From Md Med J 1997 Sep;46(8):436-9) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004387 biolink:NamedThing luteoma of pregnancy A non-neoplastic and self-limited condition that occurs during pregnancy. It is characterized by proliferation of luteinized stromal cells that replace the normal ovarian stromal cells. It is usually manifested with bilateral multinodular ovarian masses. Treatment is not required. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004585 biolink:NamedThing polyhydramnios An excess quantity of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac as compared to normal values. Typically associated with an amniotic fluid index (AFI) of greater than or equal to 25 cm or a single maximum vertical pocket (MVP) of greater than 8 cm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004591 biolink:NamedThing impetigo herpetiformis An impetigo that is characterized as a form of severe pustular psoriasis occurring in pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005406 biolink:NamedThing gestational diabetes Carbohydrate intolerance first diagnosed during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005917 biolink:NamedThing placenta disorder A disease involving the placenta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006558 biolink:NamedThing pemphigoid gestationis A rare pregnancy-associated autoimmune skin disease that is characterised by an itchy rash that develops into blisters. It is most common during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. It was previously known as herpes gestationis although it has no association with the herpes virus whatsoever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006737 biolink:NamedThing dystocia Slow or difficult obstetric labor or childbirth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006791 biolink:NamedThing hyperemesis gravidarum Severe, intractable vomiting during pregnancy (usually the first trimester) accompanied by dehydration, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008353 biolink:NamedThing pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013301 biolink:NamedThing aromatase deficiency Aromatase deficiency disrupts the synthesis of estradiol, resulting in hirsutism of mothers during gestation of an affected child; pseudohermaphroditism and virilization in women; and tall stature, osteoporosis and obesity in men. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017330 biolink:NamedThing malignancy diagnosed during pregnancy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018623 biolink:NamedThing postpartum psychosis Postpartum psychosis is a rare psychiatric emergency in which symptoms of high mood and racing thoughts (mania), depression, severe confusion, loss of inhibition, paranoia, hallucinations and delusions set in, beginning suddenly in the first two weeks after childbirth. The symptoms vary and can change quickly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018920 biolink:NamedThing peripartum cardiomyopathy Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an idiopathic, potentially fatal form of dilated cardiomyopathy that develops during the final month of pregnancy or within five months after delivery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018944 biolink:NamedThing gestational trophoblastic neoplasm A diverse group of pregnancy-related tumors characterized by excessive proliferation of trophoblasts. Representative examples include hydatidiform mole, gestational choriocarcinoma, and placental site trophoblastic tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024664 biolink:NamedThing hypertension, pregnancy-induced A hypertensive disorder that develops during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035882 biolink:NamedThing chronic intervillositis of unknown etiology DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041526 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy disorder with abortive outcome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043226 biolink:NamedThing postpartum amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850013 biolink:NamedThing twin anemia-polycythemia sequence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850014 biolink:NamedThing twin-reversed arterial perfusion sequence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850015 biolink:NamedThing selective intrauterine growth restriction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850046 biolink:NamedThing amniotic fluid embolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000411 biolink:NamedThing electroclinical syndrome An epilepsy syndrome that is a group of clinical entities showing a cluster of electro-clinical characteristics, classified according to age at onset, cognitive and developmental antecedents and consequences, motor and sensory examinations, EEG features, provoking or triggering factors, and patterns of seizure occurrence with respect to sleep. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002125 biolink:NamedThing status epilepticus A life-threatening situation in which the brain is in a continuous state of seizure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002338 biolink:NamedThing extratemporal epilepsy An epilepsy syndrome that is located in an area of the brain other than the temporal lobe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005384 biolink:NamedThing focal epilepsy A seizure caused by a localized disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006748 biolink:NamedThing epilepsia partialis continua A variant of epilepsy characterized by continuous focal jerking of a body part over a period of hours, days, or even years without spreading to other body regions. Contractions may be aggravated by movement and are reduced, but not abolished during sleep. electroencephalography demonstrates epileptiform (spike and wave) discharges over the hemisphere opposite to the affected limb in most instances. The repetitive movements may originate from the cerebral cortex or from subcortical structures (e.g., brain stem; basal ganglia). This condition is associated with Russian Spring and Summer encephalitis (see encephalitis, tick borne); Rasmussen syndrome (see encephalitis); multiple sclerosis; diabetes mellitus; brain neoplasms; and cerebrovascular disorders. (From Brain, 1996 April;119(pt2):393-407; Epilepsia 1993;34;Suppl 1:S29-S36; and Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p319) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006823 biolink:NamedThing Klinefelter syndrome A sex chromosome disorder caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome in the male karyotype. Affected individuals are infertile and have a small penis and testes. They tend to have tall stature and long legs and may have difficulties with speech and language development. Gynecomastia may be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007113 biolink:NamedThing Angelman syndrome A neurogenetic disorder characterized by severe intellectual deficit and distinct facial dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011146 biolink:NamedThing tetrasomy 12p Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare multiple congenital anomaly/intellectual deficit syndrome caused by mosaic tissue-limited tetrasomy for chromosome 12p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011147 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 18q deletion syndrome A condition in which some or all of the cells of the body contain extra genetic material from chromosome 18. Clinical features of this condition may include the following: spina bifida, hearing loss, cleft lip, cleft palate, undescended testes, rocker bottom feet, micrognathia, low set ears, cardiac anomalies (ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot), intellectual disability, holoprosencephaly, pituitary dysplasia, seizures, autoimmune disorders, hip dysplasia, and/or congenital cataracts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012081 biolink:NamedThing 15q11q13 microduplication syndrome The 15q11-q13 microduplication (dup15q11-q13) syndrome is characterized by neurobehavioral disorders, hypotonia, cognitive deficit, language delay and seizures. Prevalence is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014708 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 14 Ring chromosome 14 syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, retinal and skin pigmentation disorders, seizures, and dysmorphic features, including flat occiput, epicanthal folds, downward slanting eyes, flat nasal bridge, upturned nostrils, short neck, and large low set ears. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015436 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 20 Ring chromosome 20 syndrome is marked by a characteristic seizure phenotype. Depending on the amount of chromosomal loss and associated mosaicism, ring(20) can be associated with macrocephaly, mild to moderate intellectual deficit, or behavioural problems. In rare cases, brain, kidney or heart malformations may be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015650 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015723 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 12p Trisomy 12p is an extremely rare chromosomal disorder (over 30 cases reported worldwide) characterized by craniofacial malformations (round face, prominent cheeks, high bulging forehead, broad and flat nasal bridge, short nose with anteverted nostrils, long philtrum, prominent and everted lower lip, low-set ears, abnormally folded helix, protuberant antihelix), postnatal growth retardation, mental and psychomotor retardation, generalized hypotonia, abnormally short wide hands and/or other abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018027 biolink:NamedThing duplication/inversion 15q11 Isodicentric chromosome 15 syndrome is a chromosome abnormality that affects many different parts of the body. As the name suggests, people with this condition have an extra chromosome (called an isodicentric chromosome 15) which is made of two pieces of chromosome 15 that are stuck together end-to-end. Although the severity of the condition and the associated features vary from person to person, common signs and symptoms include poor muscle tone in newborns; developmental delay; mild to severe intellectual disability; delayed or absent speech; behavioral abnormalities; and seizures. Most cases of isodicentric chromosome 15 syndrome occur sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043264 biolink:NamedThing post-traumatic epilepsy Recurrent seizures causally related to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is typically delayed for several days after the injury and may not occur for up to two years. The majority of seizures have a focal onset that correlates clinically with the site of brain injury. Cerebral cortex injuries caused by a penetrating foreign object (CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, PENETRATING) are more likely than closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED) to be associated with epilepsy. Concussive convulsions are nonepileptic phenomena that occur immediately after head injury and are characterized by tonic and clonic movements. (From Rev Neurol 1998 Feb;26(150):256-261; Sports Med 1998 Feb;25(2):131-6) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100028 biolink:NamedThing immune epilepsy Epilepsies that have a distinct immune-mediated etiology with evidence of central nervous system inflammation, that has been demonstrated to be associated with a substantially increased risk of developing epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100035 biolink:NamedThing structural epilepsy Structural epilepsies are conceptualized as having a distinct structural brain abnormality that has been demonstrated to be associated with a substantially increased risk of epilepsy in appropriately designed studies. The structural brain abnormality can be acquired (such as due to stroke, trauma or infection) or may be of genetic origin; however, as we currently understand it, the structural brain abnormality is a separate disorder interposed between the acquired or genetic defect and the epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100036 biolink:NamedThing variable age onset epilepsy An epilepsy syndrome that has an onset during variable ages and stages of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100207 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset epilepsy Epilepsy starting in the first 12 months of life, including self-limiting and refractory seizures, and epilepsies with and without developmental disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000412 biolink:NamedThing neonatal period electroclinical syndrome An electroclinical syndrome with onset in the neonatal period less than 44 weeks of gestational age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000413 biolink:NamedThing infancy electroclinical syndrome An electroclinical syndrome with onset in infancy occurring between birth and one year of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000414 biolink:NamedThing childhood electroclinical syndrome A electroclinical syndrome that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000415 biolink:NamedThing adolescence-adult electroclinical syndrome An electroclinical syndrome with onset in adolescence and adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000417 biolink:NamedThing early onset absence epilepsy A childhood electroclinical syndrome characterized by the occurrence of typical absence seizures starting between the age of four and ten years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009509 biolink:NamedThing Landau-Kleffner syndrome Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) is a rare neurological syndrome characterized by the sudden or gradual development of aphasia (the inability to understand or express language) and recurrent seizures (epilepsy). Children with LKS typically develop normally until signs and symptoms of the syndrome begin to develop between age 2 and 8 years. Males are more often affected by LKS than females. In about 20% of people with LKS, mutations (changes) in the GRIN2A gene have been identified. The syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. In other cases, the syndrome may be caused by changes to other unidentified genes. LKS is diagnosed when a doctor sees clinical features that are consistent with the syndrome such as a loss of speech and an electroencephalogram (EEG) that shows specific kinds of seizure activity. Genetic testing can be used to confirm if there is a mutation in GRIN2A, but this testing is not done routinely. Treatment for LKS usually consists of medications such as anticonvulsants and corticosteroids to help prevent seizures. Speech therapy should also be started promptly in order to ensure the best long-term outlook for children with LKS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016532 biolink:NamedThing Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) belongs to the group of severe childhood epileptic encephalopathies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000421 biolink:NamedThing inborn serine deficiency An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of L-serine biosynthetic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019239 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of serine family metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of serine family amino acid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010008 biolink:NamedThing sarcosinemia Sarcosinemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increased concentration of sarcosine in plasma and urine due to sarcosine dehydrogenase deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000424 biolink:NamedThing inborn vitamin B12 deficiency Low serum levels of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) due to poor intestinal absorption, decreased dietary intake, or increased physiologic requirement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019237 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of pyridoxine metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of pyridoxine metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020698 biolink:NamedThing inborn error of biotin metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000426 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant disease Autosomal dominant form of disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000430 biolink:NamedThing mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma This type of lymphoma is not frequently seen in the western hemisphere. Clinically, with the exception of anaplastic large cell lymphoma, mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas are among the most aggressive of all hematopoietic neoplasms. Representative disease entities include mycosis fungoides, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005169 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of mature T-cells or NK-cells A group of neoplasms composed of T-lymphocytes with a mature (peripheral/post-thymic) immunophenotypic profile and/or NK-cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004234 biolink:NamedThing chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK-cells An Epstein-Barr virus negative disorder with a chronic clinical course affecting predominantly adults and characterized by the proliferation of large granular lymphocytes with natural killer cell immunophenotype. The T-cell receptor genes are not rearranged. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004964 biolink:NamedThing peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified Aggressive nodal or extranodal mature (peripheral) T-cell lymphomas that do not belong to the better defined entities of the remainder of mature T-cell lymphomas. This category includes the following variants: lymphoepithelioid cell variant (Lennert's lymphoma), follicular variant, and T-zone variant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015760 biolink:NamedThing T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma A non-Hodgkin lymphoma of T-cell lineage. It includes the T lymphoblastic lymphoma and the mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015758 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019088 biolink:NamedThing post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a polyclonal (benign) or clonal (malignant) proliferation of lymphoid cells that develops as a consequence of immunosuppression in a recipient of a solid organ or bone marrow allograft. PTLDs comprise a spectrum ranging from early, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven polyclonal lymphoid proliferations to EBV-positive or EBV- negative lymphomas of predominantly B-cell or less often T-cell type. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019467 biolink:NamedThing CD4+/CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm An aggressive immature hematologic neoplasm formerly known as blastic NK cell lymphoma, composed of cells with a lymphoblast-like morphology. Recent evidence suggests derivation from a plasmacytoid monocyte. Patients present with cutaneous tumors and bone marrow involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019473 biolink:NamedThing enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma An uncommon mature T-cell lymphoma of intraepithelial lymphocytes. It usually arises from the small intestine, most commonly the jejunum or ileum. Other less frequent primary anatomic sites include the duodenum, stomach, colon, or outside the gastrointestinal tract. It is seen with increased frequency in regions with a high prevalence of celiac disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019474 biolink:NamedThing hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma An extranodal, mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from cytotoxic T-cells, usually of gamma/delta T-cell type. It is characterized by the presence of medium-size neoplastic lymphocytes infiltrating the hepatic sinusoids. A similar infiltrating pattern is also present in the spleen and bone marrow that are usually involved at the time of the diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034872 biolink:NamedThing large granular lymphocyte leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044917 biolink:NamedThing T-lymphoblastic lymphoma The most frequent type of lymphoblastic lymphoma. It comprises approximately 85-90% of cases. It is more frequently seen in adolescent males. It frequently presents with a mass lesion in the mediastinum. Pleural effusions are common. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000432 biolink:NamedThing lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma A clonal neoplasm of small B-lymphocytes, lymphoplasmacytoid cells, and plasma cells involving the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and the spleen. The majority of patients have a serum IgM paraprotein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004949 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of mature B-cells A neoplasm of follicle centre B cells which has at least a partial follicular pattern. Follicular lymphomas comprise about 35% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the U.S. and 22% worldwide. Most patients have widespread disease at diagnosis. Morphologically, follicular lymphomas are classified as Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3, depending on the percentage of the large lymphocytes present. The vast majority of cases (70-95%) express the BCL-2 rearrangement [t(14;18)]. Histological grade correlates with prognosis. Grades 1 and 2 follicular lymphomas are indolent and grade 3 is more aggressive (adapted from WHO, 2001). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015759 biolink:NamedThing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma The most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It includes the most frequently seen morphologic variants which are: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma and marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000437 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia A neurological syndrome characterised by clumsy and uncoordinated movement of the limbs, trunk, and cranial muscles. It results from pathology in the cerebellum and its connections, or in the proprioceptive sensory pathways. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002913 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar neoplasm A benign or malignant (primary or metastatic) tumor involving the cerebellum. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005851 biolink:NamedThing Miller Fisher syndrome An autoimmune process characterized by the clinical triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009072 biolink:NamedThing Dandy-Walker syndrome Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) is the association of three signs: hydrocephalus, partial or complete absence of the cerebellar vermis, and posterior fossa cyst contiguous with the fourth ventricle, presenting early in life with hydrocephalus, bulging occiput and posterior fossa signs such as cranial nerve palsies, nystagmus and ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022557 biolink:NamedThing Behrens Baumann dust syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022687 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar degeneration Degeneration of the cerebellum. It may be an inherited condition, a paraneoplastic syndrome, or secondary to autoimmune disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005395 biolink:NamedThing movement disorder Neurological conditions resulting in abnormal voluntary or involuntary movement, which may impact the speed, fluency, quality and ease of movement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001074 biolink:NamedThing chronic tic disorder A neurological disorder presenting in childhood that is characterized by either motor or phonic tics, but not both, that occur daily or nearly daily for at least a year and are not attributed to an identifiable cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001595 biolink:NamedThing choreatic disease A neurological condition affecting the involuntary movements. It is characterized by brief, non-repetitive irregular muscle contractions. It is seen in patients with Huntington's disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001815 biolink:NamedThing extrapyramidal and movement disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002085 biolink:NamedThing benign shuddering attacks DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002419 biolink:NamedThing transient tic disorder A neurological disorder presenting in childhood that is characterized by motor and/or phonic tics that occur daily or nearly daily for one to twelve months and are not attributed to an identifiable cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003441 biolink:NamedThing dystonic disorder A movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions, resulting in abnormal movements and/or postures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004901 biolink:NamedThing lingual-facial-buccal dyskinesia Syndromes which feature dyskinesias as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006825 biolink:NamedThing kuru A prion disease found exclusively among the Fore linguistic group natives of the highlands of new guinea. The illness is primarily restricted to adult females and children of both sexes. It is marked by the subacute onset of tremor and ataxia followed by motor weakness and incontinence. Death occurs within 3-6 months of disease onset. The condition is associated with ritual cannibalism, and has become rare since this practice has been discontinued. Pathologic features include a noninflammatory loss of neurons that is most prominent in the cerebellum, glial proliferation, and amyloid plaques. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p773) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007403 biolink:NamedThing inherited Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Inherited or familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (fCJD) is a very rare form of genetic prion disease characterized by typical CJD features (rapidly progressive dementia, personality/behavioral changes, psychiatric disorders, myoclonus, and ataxia) with a genetic cause and sometimes a family history of dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007739 biolink:NamedThing Huntington disease Huntington disease (HD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by unwanted choreatic movements, behavioral and psychiatric disturbances and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007803 biolink:NamedThing multiple system atrophy Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by autonomic failure (cardiovascular and/or urinary), parkinsonism, cerebellar impairment and corticospinal signs with a median survival of 6-9 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008045 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy-progressive myoclonic epilepsy syndrome Spinal muscular atrophy-progressive myoclonic epilepsy syndrome is characterized by hereditary myoclonus and progressive distal muscular atrophy. Less than 10 cases have been reported. Treatment with clonazepam results in complete and lasting improvement of the myoclonus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008206 biolink:NamedThing benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood with ataxia Benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood with ataxia is a rare paroxysmal movement disorder characterized by episodes of sustained, conjugate, upward deviation of the eyes and down beating saccades in attempted downgaze (with preserved horizontal eye movements) which is accompanied by ataxic symptomatology (unsteady gait, lack of balance and movement coordination disturbances) in an otherwise healthy individual. Bilateral vertical nystagmus is associated. Symptoms generally disappear spontaneously within 1-2 years after onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008588 biolink:NamedThing hereditary geniospasm Hereditary geniospasm is a movement disorder characterized by episodes of involuntary tremor of the chin and lower lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008591 biolink:NamedThing tremor-nystagmus-duodenal ulcer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009697 biolink:NamedThing Lafora disease Lafora disease (LD) is a rare, inherited, severe, progressive myoclonic epilepsy characterized by myoclonus and/or generalized seizures, visual hallucinations (partial occipital seizures), and progressive neurological decline. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009698 biolink:NamedThing Unverricht-Lundborg syndrome Unverricht-Lundborg disease (ULD) is a rare progressive myoclonic epilepsy disorder characterized by action- and stimulus-sensitive myoclonus, and tonic-clonic seizures with ataxia, but with only a mild cognitive decline over time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011299 biolink:NamedThing Huntington disease-like 1 Any neurodegenerative disease with chorea in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRNP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011487 biolink:NamedThing Huntington disease-like 3 Huntington disease-like 3 is a rare Huntington disease-like syndrome characterized by childhood-onset progressive neurologic deterioration with pyramidal and extrapyramidal abnormalities, chorea, dystonia, ataxia, gait instability, spasticity, seizures, mutism, and (on brain MRI) progressive frontal cortical atrophy and bilateral caudate atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014521 biolink:NamedThing progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 7 Any progressive myoclonic epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014559 biolink:NamedThing progressive essential tremor-speech impairment-facial dysmorphism-intellectual disability-abnormal behavior syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015059 biolink:NamedThing progressive non-fluent aphasia Progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) is a form of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), characterized by agrammatism, laborious speech, alexia, and agraphia, frequently accompanied by apraxia of speech (AOS). Language comprehension is relatively preserved. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015247 biolink:NamedThing opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a rare neuroinflammatory disease of paraneoplastic, parainfectious or idiopathic origin, characterized by opsoclonus, myoclonus, ataxia, and behavioral and sleep disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016546 biolink:NamedThing primary orthostatic tremor Primary orthostatic tremor (POT), or ``shaky legs syndrome'', is a rare movement disorder characterized by fast, task-specific tremor, affecting the legs and trunk while standing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016987 biolink:NamedThing neuroacanthocytosis Neuroacanthocytosis (NA) syndromes are a group of genetic diseases characterized by the association of red blood cell acanthocytosis (deformed erythrocytes with spike-like protrusions) and progressive degeneration of the basal ganglia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017160 biolink:NamedThing behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bv-FTD) is a form of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), characterized by progressive behavioral impairment and a decline in executive function with frontal lobe-predominant atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017651 biolink:NamedThing primary myoclonus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017656 biolink:NamedThing motor stereotypies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017658 biolink:NamedThing hyperekplexia A neurologic disorder classically characterised by pronounced startle responses to tactile or acoustic stimuli and hypertonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018243 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-hyperkinetic movement-truncal ataxia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018425 biolink:NamedThing Huntington disease-like syndrome due to C9ORF72 expansions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018692 biolink:NamedThing variably protease-sensitive prionopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019022 biolink:NamedThing sensorineural hearing loss-early graying-essential tremor syndrome Sensorineural hearing loss-early graying-essential tremor syndrome is characterised by the combination of sensorineural hearing loss, early greying of scalp hair and adult onset essential tremor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019037 biolink:NamedThing progressive supranuclear palsy A rare late-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by supranuclear gaze palsy, postural instability, progressive rigidity, and mild dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019104 biolink:NamedThing Sandifer syndrome Sandifer syndrome is a paroxysmal dystonic movement disorder occurring in association with gastro-oesophageal reflux, and, in some cases, hiatal hernia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019114 biolink:NamedThing psychogenic movement disorders Psychogenic movement disorders (PMD) are movement disorders that cannot be attributed to any known structural or neurochemical diseases, but represent the manifestation of an underlying psychiatric illness or malingering. Most cases of PMD fall in the psychiatric diagnostic category of conversion disorders of the motor subtype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019487 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy with myoclonic absences DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033864 biolink:NamedThing infantile hypotonia-oculomotor anomalies-hyperkinetic movements-developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044332 biolink:NamedThing childhood-onset benign chorea with striatal involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700117 biolink:NamedThing SLC6A3-related dopamine transporter deficiency syndrome A complex movement disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, chorea, reduced facial expression, and Parkinsonism-dystonia. This disease is caused by loss of function variants in the SLC6A3 gene, which impair the dopamine transporter protein. The onset of this disease ranges from infancy to adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800028 biolink:NamedThing dyskinesia with orofacial involvement, autosomal dominant A rare paroxysmal movement disorder, with childhood or adolescent onset, characterized by paroxysmal choreiform, dystonic, and myoclonic movements involving the limbs (mostly distal upper limbs), neck and/or face, which can progressively increase in both frequency and severity until they become nearly constant. Patients may also present with delayed motor milestones, perioral and periorbital dyskinesias, dysarthria, hypotonia, and weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100308 biolink:NamedThing atactic disorder A central nervous system disease that consists of gait impairment, unclear (“scanning”) speech, visual blurring due to nystagmus, hand incoordination, and tremor with movement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016593 biolink:NamedThing acquired ataxia A type of ataxia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100311 biolink:NamedThing sensory ataxia Any ataxia in which the causes of the disease is a perturbation of the sensory system, leading to its dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000440 biolink:NamedThing metabolic acidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006022 biolink:NamedThing acidosis disorder An abnormally high acidity of the blood and other body tissues. Acidosis can be either respiratory or metabolic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001909 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular acidosis A group of genetic disorders of the kidney tubules characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Defective renal acidification of urine (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as hypokalemia, hypercalcinuria with nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis, and rickets. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100160 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic ketoacidosis An acute disease characterized by severe ketoacidosis in the absence of diabetes mellitus and occuring in individuals with a history of prolonged excessive alcohol consumption. Disease manifestations include nausea, intractable vomiting, and abdominal pain. When treated, AKA resolves rapidly and completely with no apparent sequelae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004691 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Autosomal dominant form of polycystic kidney disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005835 biolink:NamedThing Lynch syndrome An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome characterized by the development of colorectal carcinoma and a high risk of developing endometrial carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, renal pelvis carcinoma, and small intestinal carcinoma. Patients often develop colorectal carcinomas at an early age (mean, 45 years). In the majority of the cases the lesions arise from the proximal colon. At the molecular level, high-frequency microsatellite instability is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007029 biolink:NamedThing branchio-oto-renal syndrome A syndrome characterized by branchial arch anomalies (branchial clefts, fistulae, cysts), hearing impairment (malformations of the auricle with pre-auricular pits, conductive or sensorineural hearing impairment), and renal malformations (urinary tree malformation, renal hypoplasia or agenesis, renal dysplasia, renal cysts). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007030 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Aarskog syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007057 biolink:NamedThing acroosteolysis dominant type Acroosteolysis dominant type (AOD) is a rare genetic osteolysis syndrome characterized by acroosteolysis of distal phalanges and generalized osteoporosis, associated with additional ossification anomalies, craniofacial dysmorphism, dental anomalies and a wide range of other characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007086 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Alport syndrome Autosomal dominant Alport syndrome isa genetic condition characterized by kidney disease, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities. Most affected individuals experience progressive loss of kidney function, usually resulting in end-stage kidney disease. People with Alport syndrome frequently develop sensorineural hearing loss in late childhood or early adolescence. The eye abnormalities seen in this condition seldom lead to vision loss. Alport syndrome can have different patterns of inheritance.Alport syndrome has autosomal dominant inheritance in about 5 percent of cases. People with this form of Alport syndrome have one mutation in either the COL4A3 or COL4A4 gene in each cell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007092 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1B Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ENAM gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007232 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant brachyolmia Autosomal dominant brachyolmia is a relatively severe form of brachyolmia, a group of rare genetic skeletal disorders, characterized by short-trunked short stature, platyspondyly and kyphoscoliosis. Degenerative joint disease (osteoarthropathy) in the spine, large joints and interphalangeal joints becomes manifest in adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007235 biolink:NamedThing branchiooculofacial syndrome Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome (BOFS) is characterised by low birth weight and growth retardation, bilateral branchial clefts that may be hemangiomatous, sometimes with linear skin lesions behind the ears ('burn-like' lesions), congenital strabismus, obstructed nasolacrimal ducts, a broad nasal bridge with a flattened nasal tip, a protruding upper lip with an unusually broad and prominent philtrum, and full mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007277 biolink:NamedThing cataract-aberrant oral frenula-growth delay syndrome Cataract-aberrant oral frenula-growth delay syndrome is characterized by cataracts and short stature associated with variable anomalies, including aberrant oral frenula, a characteristic facial appearance (posteriorly angulated ears, upslanting palpebral fissures, small nose, ptosis and epicanthal folds) cavernous hemangiomas and hernias. It has been described in a mother and her two children. It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007321 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia punctata Autosomal dominant form of chondrodysplasia punctata. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007334 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant popliteal pterygium syndrome Autosomal dominant popliteal pterygium syndrome (AD-PPS) is a rare genetic malformative disorder characterized by cleft lip, with or without cleft palate, contractures of the lower extremities, abnormal external genitalia, syndactyly of fingers and/or toes, and a pyramidal skin fold over the hallux nail. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007339 biolink:NamedThing blepharocheilodontic syndrome An ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by the association of abnormalities of the eyelids, lips, and teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007346 biolink:NamedThing cochleosaccular degeneration-cataract syndrome Cochleosaccular degeneration-cataract syndrome is characterised by progressive sensorineural hearing loss due to severe cochleosaccular degeneration and cataract. So far, it has been reported in two families. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007352 biolink:NamedThing renal coloboma syndrome Renal coloboma syndrome (RCS) is a genetic condition characterized by optic nerve dysplasia and renal hypodysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007356 biolink:NamedThing Lynch syndrome 1 Any Lynch syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007412 biolink:NamedThing Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome A severe form of syndromic craniosynostosis, characterized by a variable degree of craniosynostosis, with cloverleaf skull reported in over 50% of cases, cutis gyrata, corduroy-like linear striations in the skin, acanthosis nigricans, skin tags, and choanal stenosis or atresia. Additional features include facial features similar to Crouzon disease, ear defects (conductive hearing loss, posteriorly angulated ears, stenotic auditory canals, preauricular furrows, and narrow ear canals), hirsutism, a prominent umbilical stump, and genitorurinary anomalies (anteriorly placed anus, hypoplasic labia, hypospadias). BSS is associated with a poor outcome as patients present an elevated risk for sudden death in their first year of life. Significant developmental delay and intellectual disability are observed in most patients who survive infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007420 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant deafness - onychodystrophy syndrome Dominant deafness-onychodystrophy (DDOD) syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by congenital hearing impairment, small or absent nails on the hands and feet, and small terminal phalanges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007478 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Kenny-Caffey syndrome An autosomal dominant form of Kenny-Caffey Syndrome due to mutation(s) in the FAM111A gene, encoding protein FAM111A. This condition is characterized by transient hypocalcemia, delayed closure of the anterior fontanel, eye anomalies, including microphthalmia, proportionate short stature, and cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of the tubular bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007508 biolink:NamedThing Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome A form of ectodermal dysplasia characterized by the association of anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with cleft lip/palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007522 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classic type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classic type (cEDS) is a form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome that affects the connective tissue and is characterized by skin hyperextensibility, widened atrophic scars and joint hypermobility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007524 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular type The autosomal dominant form of the vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. vEDS is almost always inherited in an autosomal dominant manner but rare examples of biallelic inheritance have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007540 biolink:NamedThing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 Multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) is a frequent form of MEN, a rare inherited cancer syndrome, characterized by the development of neuroendocrine tumors of the parathyroid, pancreas, and anterior pituitary gland, and less commonly the adrenal cortical gland, with other non-endocrine tumors in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007607 biolink:NamedThing Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome is characterized by skin lesions, kidney tumors, and pulmonary cysts that may be associated with pneumothorax. It is a rare clinicopathologic condition named after the three Canadian physicians who reported the syndrome in 1977. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007617 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 1 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARID1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007624 biolink:NamedThing Flynn-Aird syndrome Flynn-Aird syndrome is a neuroectodermal disorder involving the nervous, cutaneous, skeletal, and glandular systems. It has been described in 10 members from five generations of one family. Clinical manifestations include eye abnormalities (cataracts, retinitis pigmentosa, and myopia), sensorineural deafness, ataxia, peripheral neuritis, epilepsy, dementia, skin atrophy and striking dental caries. Patients also present with muscle wasting, joint stiffness and bone cysts. Flynn-Aird syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. It shows some similarities to the syndromes of Werner, Refsum and Cockayne. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007635 biolink:NamedThing Frasier syndrome Frasier syndrome is characterised by the association of male pseudohermaphrodism and glomerular nephropathy. This syndrome is associated with a high risk of developing gonadoblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007732 biolink:NamedThing Holt-Oram syndrome Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) is the most common form of heart-hand syndrome and is characterized by skeletal abnormalities of the upper limbs and mild-to-severe congenital cardiac defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007779 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Opitz G/BBB syndrome Autosomal dominant form of Opitz G/BBB syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007810 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant ichthyosis vulgaris Ichthyosis vulgaris is a common skin disorder passed down through families that leads to dry, scaly skin. It often begins in early childhood. Treatment may include heavy duty moisturizers which contain chemicals that help the skin to shed normally, including lactic acid, salicylic acid, and urea. Ichthyosis vulgaris can be a nuisance, but it rarely affects overall health. The condition usually disappears during adulthood, but may return in later years. This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007818 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 1 A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 protein. Deficiency of this protein is associated with hyper-IgE syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007848 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant keratitis Hereditary keratitis is characterised by opacification and vascularisation of the cornea, often associated with macula hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007850 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant keratitis-ichthyosis-hearing loss syndrome Autosomal dominant form of KID syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007875 biolink:NamedThing Larsen syndrome Larsen syndrome (LS) is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by congenital dislocation of large joints, foot deformities, cervical spine dysplasia, scoliosis, spatula-shaped distal phalanges and distinctive craniofacial abnormalities, including cleft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007893 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines A rare multisystem genetic disorder characterized by lentigines, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, short stature, pectus deformity, and dysmorphic facial features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007947 biolink:NamedThing Marfan syndrome A disorder of the connective tissue. Connective tissue provides strength and flexibility to structures throughout the body such as bones, ligaments, muscles, walls of blood vessels, and heart valves. Marfan syndrome affects most organs and tissues, especially the skeleton, lungs, eyes, heart, and the large blood vessel that distributes blood from the heart to the rest of the body (the aorta). It is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene, which provides instructions for making a protein called fibrillin-1. Marfan syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. At least 25% of cases are due to a new (de novo) mutation. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007964 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 2 Clinically atypical nevi (usually exceeding 5 mm in diameter and having variable pigmentation and ill defined borders) with an increased risk for development of non-familial cutaneous malignant melanoma. Biopsies show melanocytic dysplasia. Nevi are clinically and histologically identical to the precursor lesions for melanoma in the B-K mole syndrome. (Stedman, 25th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008003 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia Autosomal dominant form of progressive external ophthalmoplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008009 biolink:NamedThing monilethrix Monilethrix is a rare genodermatosis characterized by a hair shaft dysplasia resulting in hypotrichosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008018 biolink:NamedThing Muir-Torre syndrome Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is a form of hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) characterized by cutaneous sebaceous tumors, keratoacanthomas and at least one visceral malignancy, most frequently gastrointestinal carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008048 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy Autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy (AD-CNM) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder defined by numerous centrally placed nuclei on muscle biopsy and clinical features of a congenital myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008061 biolink:NamedThing nail-patella syndrome A rare hereditary patellar dysostosis characterized by nail hypoplasia or aplasia, aplastic or hypoplastic patellae, elbow dysplasia, and the presence of iliac horns as well as renal and ocular anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008082 biolink:NamedThing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B (MEN2B) syndrome is a rare aggressive form of MEN2 characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma, mucosal ganglioneuroma, and marfanoid habitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008123 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant omodysplasia Autosomal dominant form of omodysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008214 biolink:NamedThing Pelger-Huet anomaly An autosomal dominant inherited condition caused by mutations in the lamin B receptor gene. It is characterized by defects in the neutrophil lobulation, resulting in the presence of dumbbell-shaped neutrophils with bilobed nuclei in the peripheral blood smear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008234 biolink:NamedThing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A (MEN2A) syndrome is a form of MEN2 characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in combination with pheochromocytoma and primary mild hyperparathyroidism resulting from hyperplasia or adenoma of the parathyroid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008264 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant medullary cystic kidney disease with or without hyperuricemia A genetic kidney disease that causes progressive loss of kidney function caused by mutations in the genes encoding uromodulin (UMOD), hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β (HNF1B), renin (REN), or mucin-1 (MUC1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008276 biolink:NamedThing generalized juvenile polyposis/juvenile polyposis coli DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008338 biolink:NamedThing contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome 1A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008368 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant distal renal tubular acidosis Autosomal dominant distal renal tubular acidosis (AD dRTA) is an inherited form of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis often but not always associated with hypokalemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008382 biolink:NamedThing retinoschisis, autosomal dominant Autosomal dominant form of retinoschisis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008389 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome Autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome (DRS) is the more common type of Robinow syndrome (RS) characterized by mild to moderate limb shortening and abnormalities of the head, face and external genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008422 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant sideroblastic anemia Autosomal dominant form of sideroblastic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008474 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, autosomal dominant Autosomal domiant spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (autosomal dominant SEDT) is an inherited condition that affects bone growth. Signs and symptoms are generally physically apparent by puberty; however, abnormalities may be seen on X-ray at an earlier age. Affected people may have skeletal abnormalities, short stature (with a short neck and trunk, specifically), scoliosis, kyphosis, lumbar hyperlordosis (exaggerated curvature of the lower back), and early-onset progressive osteoarthritis of the hips and knees. Some cases of autosomal dominant SEDT may be caused by changes (mutations) in the COL2A1 gene. As the name suggests, the condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person and may include surgery and pain management strategies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008546 biolink:NamedThing thanatophoric dysplasia type 1 Thanatophoric dysplasia type 1 (TD1) is a form of TD characterized by short, bowed femurs, micromelia, narrow thorax, and brachydactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008660 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) is a hereditary renal phosphate-wasting disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia, rickets and/or osteomalacia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008682 biolink:NamedThing Denys-Drash syndrome Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS) is a rare urogenital disorder characterized by the association of diffuse mesangial sclerosis (DMS), male pseudohermaphroditism with a 46,XY karyotype, and nephroblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008742 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant severe congenital neutropenia Autosomal dominant form of severe congenital neutropenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010842 biolink:NamedThing multiple cutaneous and mucosal venous malformations Mucocutaneous venous malformations (VMCMs) are hereditary vascular malformations characterized by the presence of small, multifocal, bluish-purple venous lesions involving the skin and mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010979 biolink:NamedThing Timothy syndrome Timothy syndrome is a multi-system disorder characterized by cardiac, hand, facial and neurodevelopmental features that include QT prolongation, webbed fingers and toes, flattened nasal bridge, low-set ears, small upper jaw, thin upper lip, and characteristic features of autism or autistic spectrum disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011335 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations A rare disorder caused by mutation in the KIF22 gene. It is characterized by short stature, midface retrusion, progressive knee malalignment, generalized ligamentous laxity, and mild spinal deformity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011512 biolink:NamedThing Brooke-Spiegler syndrome Brooke-Spiegler syndrome (BSS) is an inherited predisposition syndrome presenting with skin appendage tumors, namely cylindromas, spiradenomas and trichoepitheliomas. A minority of patients can also get major and minor salivary glands neoplasms, usually membranous basal cell adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011812 biolink:NamedThing Duane-radial ray syndrome A syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies and is characterized by ocular manifestations (uni- or bilateral Duane anomaly (95% of cases), congenital optic nerve hypoplasia or optic disc coloboma), bilateral deafness and radial ray malformation that can include thenar hypoplasia and/or hypoplasia or aplasia of the thumbs; hypoplasia or aplasia of the radii; shortening and radial deviation of the forearms; triphalangeal thumbs; and duplication of the thumb (preaxial polydactyly).The phenotype overlaps with other SALL4>/i> related disorders including acro-renal-ocular syndrome and Holt-Oram syndrome (see these terms). Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012198 biolink:NamedThing PCWH syndrome A syndrome characterized by the association of the features of Waardenburg-Shah syndrome (WSS) (sensorineural hearing loss, pigmentary abnormalities and Hirschsprung disease) with neurological features, namely, neonatal hypotonia, intellectual deficit (of variable severity), nystagmus, progressive spasticity, ataxia and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012249 biolink:NamedThing Lynch syndrome 2 Any hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MLH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012417 biolink:NamedThing heart-hand syndrome, Slovenian type A rare autosomal dominant form of heart-hand syndrome, first described in members of a Slovenian family, that is characterized by adult onset, progressive cardiac conduction disease, tachyarrhythmias that can lead to sudden death, dilated cardiomyopathy and brachydactyly, with the hands less severely affected than the feet. Muscle weakness and/or myopathic electromyographic findings have been observed in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012552 biolink:NamedThing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 (MEN4) is a very rare form of MEN, an inherited cancer syndrome, characterized by parathyroid and anterior pituitary tumors, possibly associated with adrenal, renal, and reproductive organ tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012833 biolink:NamedThing Crouzon syndrome-acanthosis nigricans syndrome Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans (CAN) is a very rare, clinically heterogeneous form of faciocraniostenosis with Crouzon-like features and premature synostosis of cranial sutures (Crouzon disease), associated with acanthosis nigricans (AN). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012856 biolink:NamedThing Birk-Barel syndrome Birk-Barel syndrome is an inherited condition characterized by intellectual disability, hypotonia, hyperactivity, and unusual facial features. The condition is caused by mutations in the KCNK9 gene on chromosome 8. This condition demonstrates dominant inheritance with paternal imprinting, which means that a mutation in the maternal gene will result in disease, but a mutation in the paternal gene will have no effect (imprinted with paternal silencing). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012868 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia due to protein S deficiency, autosomal dominant Autosomal dominant form of hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital protein S deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013521 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 2 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of TERT on chromosome 5p15.33. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013522 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 3 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of TINF2 on chromosome 14q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013695 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 6 Any hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TGFBR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013699 biolink:NamedThing Lynch syndrome 4 Any hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PMS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013710 biolink:NamedThing Lynch syndrome 5 Any hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSH6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013725 biolink:NamedThing colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 7 Any hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MLH3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013819 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 14 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARID1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013820 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 15 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMARCB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013821 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 16 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMARCA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014227 biolink:NamedThing hypopigmentation-punctate palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014376 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 27 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014482 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 29 Any intellectual disability-expressive aphasia-facial dysmorphism syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SETBP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014486 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 30 Any intellectual disability-expressive aphasia-facial dysmorphism syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZMYND11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014658 biolink:NamedThing severe achondroplasia-developmental delay-acanthosis nigricans syndrome A syndrome characterised by the association of severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans. It has been described in four unrelated individuals. Structural central nervous system anomalies, seizures and hearing loss were also reported, together with bowing of the clavicle, femur, tibia and fibula in some cases. The syndrome is caused by a Lys650Met substitution in the kinase domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (encoded by the FGFR3 gene; 4p16.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014690 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 6 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of ACD on chromosome 16q22.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015006 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 6, generalized, with scarring and hair loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015087 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant complex spastic paraplegia Autosomal dominant form of complex hereditary spastic paraplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015088 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant pure spastic paraplegia Autosomal dominant form of pure hereditary spastic paraplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015151 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal dominant Autosomal dominant form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015285 biolink:NamedThing Carney complex Carney complex (CNC) is characterized by spotty skin pigmentation, endocrine overactivity and myxomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015359 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hereditary demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015360 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hereditary axonal motor and sensory neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015362 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant distal hereditary motor neuropathy Autosomal dominant form of distal hereditary motor neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015365 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy Autosomal dominant form of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015445 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant coarctation of aorta Autosomal dominant form of aorta coarctation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015826 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant spondylocostal dysostosis Autosomal dominant spondylocostal dysostosis is a very rare and mild form of spondylocostal dysostosis characterized by vertebral and costal segmentation defects, often with a reduction in the number of ribs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015884 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia Autosomal dominant form of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016063 biolink:NamedThing Cowden disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016108 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant distal myopathy Autosomal dominant form of distal myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016202 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Autosomal dominant form of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016224 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant proximal spinal muscular atrophy Autosomal dominant form of proximal spinal muscular atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016599 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant secondary polycythemia Autosomal dominant form of secondary polycythemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017829 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant proximal renal tubular acidosis Autosomal dominant proximal renal tubular acidosis (AD pRTA) is a form of proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA) characterized by an isolated defect in the proximal tubule leading to the decreased reabsorption of bicarbonate and consequently causing urinary bicarbonate wastage. Mild growth retardation and reduced bone density are extra-renal complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017846 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant spastic ataxia Autosomal dominant form of spastic ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018094 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome A disorder characterized by varying degrees of deafness and minor defects in structures arising from neural crest, including pigmentation anomalies of eyes, hair, and skin. WS is classified into four clinical and genetic phenotypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018543 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hypocalcemia Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (AD hypocalcemia) is a disorder of calcium homeostasis characterized by variable degrees of hypocalcemia with abnormally low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and persistant normal or elevated calciuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018954 biolink:NamedThing Loeys-Dietz syndrome Loeys-Dietz syndrome is a rare genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by a broad spectrum of craniofacial, vascular and skeletal manifestations with four genetic subtypes described forming a clinical continuum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019176 biolink:NamedThing trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I or III Trichorhinophalangeal syndromes (TRPS) type 1 and 3 are malformation syndromes characterized by short stature, sparse hair, a bulbous nasal tip and cone-shaped epiphyses, as well as severe generalized shortening of all phalanges, metacarpals and metatarsal bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019180 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia A disorder of angiogenesis leading to arteriovenous dilatations: cutaneo-mucosal hemorrhagic telangiectasias and visceral shunting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019548 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Autosomal dominant form of intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019571 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cutis laxa Autosomal dominant cutis laxa (ADCL) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by wrinkled, redundant and sagging inelastic skin associated in some cases with internal organ involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019587 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss Autosomal dominant form of nonsyndromic deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020093 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma Autosomal dominant form of isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020250 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant optic atrophy An autosomal dominant hereditary condition characterized by optic atrophy and progressive visual loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020336 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy Autosomal dominant form of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020645 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant osteopetrosis Autosomal dominant form of osteopetrosis (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020702 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant epidermolytic ichthyosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020820 biolink:NamedThing distal arthrogryposis type 2B1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022672 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cataract A syndromic cataract that has autosomal dominant inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023243 biolink:NamedThing glass-chapman-hockley syndrome The Glass-Chapman-Hockley syndrome is a very rare disease. To date, the syndrome has only been reported in one family with five members affected in three generations. The first patients were two brothers that had an abnormally-shaped head due to coronal craniosynostosis. Their mother, maternal aunt, and maternal grandmother were also found to have the syndrome. The signs and symptoms varied from person to person; however, the signs and symptoms included coronal craniosynostosis, small middle part of the face (midfacial hypoplasia), and short fingers (brachydactyly).The inheritance is thought to be autosomal dominant. No genes have been identified for this syndrome. Treatment included surgery to correct the craniosynostosis. No issues with development and normal intelligence were reported. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032750 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, type 2B2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032751 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, type 2B3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033856 biolink:NamedThing LAMA5-related multisystemic syndrome A rare genetic systemic or rheumatologic disease characterized by infantile onset of skin anomalies (such as delayed wound healing with atrophic scars and mild alopecia with dry and brittle hair), retinal rod degeneration with night blindness, degenerative myopathy with muscle weakness, myalgia, and cramps, osteoarthritis, joint laxity, prolapse of internal organs, floating kidney syndrome, malabsorption syndrome, and hypothyroidism. The phenotype has been reported to be more severe in women than in men. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040654 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant oculocutaneous albinism Autosomal dominant form of oculocutaneous albinism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054833 biolink:NamedThing charcot-marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100172 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100230 biolink:NamedThing fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 dysregulation A disorder of plasmalogens biosynthesis, that is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder that results in uncontrolled synthesis of ether lipids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100441 biolink:NamedThing GUCY2D-related dominant retinopathy A retinopathy caused by a heterozygous gain of function or dominant-negative variant or in the GUCY2D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100452 biolink:NamedThing RPE65-related dominant retinopathy A retinopathy caused by a heterozygous gain of function variant in the RPE65 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100494 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant titinopathy Autosomal dominant form of TTN-related myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800400 biolink:NamedThing RP1-related dominant retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the RP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000014 biolink:NamedThing familial antiphospholipid syndrome Autosomal dominant form of antiphospholipid syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000448 biolink:NamedThing paraganglioma A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from paraganglia located along the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves. Infrequently, it may arise outside the usual distribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic paraganglia. Tumors arising from the adrenal gland medulla are called pheochromocytomas. Morphologically, paragangliomas usually display a nesting (Zellballen) growth pattern. There are no reliable morphologic criteria to distinguish between benign and malignant paragangliomas. The only definitive indicator of malignancy is the presence of regional or distant metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002366 biolink:NamedThing autonomic nervous system neoplasm Benign and malignant neoplasms which arise from or directly involve the central or peripheral elements of the autonomic nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002554 biolink:NamedThing sympathetic neurilemmoma A benign tumor derived from schwann cells of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, including the sympathetic plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005033 biolink:NamedThing ganglioneuroma A benign neuroblastic tumor of the sympathetic nervous system that occurs in childhood. Ganglioneuroma typically arises from the sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the presence of large ganglion cells. Common presenting features include a palpable abdominal mass, hepatomegaly, and a thoracic mass detected on routine chest X-ray. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005072 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastoma Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid, extracranial childhood tumor. It is an aggressive pediatric cancer that originates from neural crest tissues of the sympathetic nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008564 biolink:NamedThing DiGeorge syndrome A congenital anomaly characterized by immunodeficiency, abnormal facies, congenital heart disease, hypocalcemia, and increased susceptibility to infections. Pathologic characteristics include conotruncal abnormalities and absence or hypoplasia of thymus and parathyroid glands. DiGeorge syndrome is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. Also known as DiGeorge anomaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008965 biolink:NamedThing CHARGE syndrome CHARGE syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by the variable combination of multiple anomalies, mainly Coloboma; Choanal atresia/stenosis; Cranial nerve dysfunction; Characteristic ear anomalies (known as the major 4 C's). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009131 biolink:NamedThing Riley-Day syndrome A congenital disorder caused by mutations in the IKBKAP gene. It is characterized by damage of the sympathetic and parasympathetic and sensory nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010570 biolink:NamedThing craniofrontonasal syndrome An X-linked malformation syndrome characterized by facial asymmetry (particularly orbital), body asymmetry, midline defects (hypertelorism, frontal bossing, broad grooved or bifid nasal tip, cleft lip and/or palate, high arched palate), skeletal anomalies (clavicle pseudoarthrosis, coronal craniosynostosis, various digital and limb anomalies including syndactyly, clinodactyly of the 5th finger, broad thumbs) and ectodermal dysplasias (dental anomalies, grooved nails, wiry hair). Contrary to most X-linked disorders, females are much more severely affected whereas males are asymptomatic or present with a mild phenotype, frequently only displaying hypertelorism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018975 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis type 1 A clinically heterogeneous, neurocutaneous genetic disorder characterized by cafe-au-lait spots, iris Lisch nodules, axillary and inguinal freckling, and multiple neurofibromas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019187 biolink:NamedThing Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a generic term used to designate overlapping genetic disorders, in which the major physical condition is anterior segment dysgenesis of the eye. Patients with ARS may also present with multiple variable congenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019518 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg-Shah syndrome Waardenburg-Shah syndrome (WSS) is a neurocristopathy characterized by the association of Waardenburg syndrome (sensorineural hearing loss and pigmentary abnormalities) and Hirschsprung disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021143 biolink:NamedThing melanocytic neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007958 biolink:NamedThing familial medullary thyroid carcinoma An instance of thyroid medullary carcinoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018698 biolink:NamedThing hereditary neuroendocrine tumor of small intestine An instance of neuroendocrine tumor of the small intestine that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018961 biolink:NamedThing familial melanoma Familial melanoma (FM) is a rare inherited form of melanoma characterized by development of histologically confirmed melanoma in two first degrees relatives or more relatives in an affected family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000450 biolink:NamedThing secondary progressive multiple sclerosis A multiple sclerosis with a clinical course characterized by a progressive accumulation of neurological disability, independent of relapses, following an initial relapsing-remitting (RR) phase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005284 biolink:NamedThing chronic progressive multiple sclerosis A form of multiple sclerosis characterized by a progressive deterioration in neurologic function which is in contrast to the more typical relapsing remitting form. If the clinical course is free of distinct remissions, it is referred to as primary progressive multiple sclerosis. When the progressive decline is punctuated by acute exacerbations, it is referred to as progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis. The term secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is used when relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis evolves into the chronic progressive form. (From Ann Neurol 1994;36 Suppl:S73-S79; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000451 biolink:NamedThing primary progressive multiple sclerosis A multiple sclerosis that is characterized by steady worsening of neurologic functioning, without any distinct relapses or periods of remission. The rate of progression may vary over time, with occasional plateaus or temporary improvements, but the progression is continuous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000452 biolink:NamedThing progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis A multiple sclerosis that is characterized by steadily worsening symptoms and attacks during periods of remission with disease progression from the onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000992 biolink:NamedThing heart conduction disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of the heart's electrical conduction system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000465 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular block A heart block that is initiated in the atrioventricular node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000469 biolink:NamedThing sinoatrial node disorder A disease involving the sinoatrial node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011479 biolink:NamedThing postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome A condition characterized by development of symptoms while standing. It is an autonomic nervous system disorder and the symptoms are relieved once the person sits back down. Symptoms include heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017990 biolink:NamedThing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a severe genetic arrhythmogenic disorder characterized by adrenergically induced ventricular tachycardia (VT) manifesting as syncope and sudden death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020806 biolink:NamedThing sinoatrial block A heart block that is initiated in the sinoatrial node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016789 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate metabolism disorder An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of pyruvate metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017306 biolink:NamedThing disorder of phenylalanine metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017307 biolink:NamedThing disorder of tyrosine metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017350 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of tryptophan metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of tryptophan metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017352 biolink:NamedThing disorder of glutamine metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017684 biolink:NamedThing disorder of beta and omega amino acid metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018134 biolink:NamedThing disorder of melanin metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018318 biolink:NamedThing disorder of asparagine metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019218 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of bile acid synthesis Anomalies of bile acid synthesis are a group of sterol metabolism disorders due to enzyme deficiencies of bile acid synthesis (BAS) in infants, children and adults, with variable manifestations that include cholestasis, neurological disease, and fat malabsorption. Nine inborn errors have been described, 7 of which lead to liver cholestasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019224 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019230 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of ornithine or proline metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019241 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of the gamma-glutamyl cycle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002412 biolink:NamedThing disorder of glycogen metabolism An inherited metabolic disorder characterized either by defects in glycogen synthesis or defects in the breaking down of glycogen. It results either in the creation of abnormal forms of glycogen or accumulation of glycogen in the tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016790 biolink:NamedThing tricarboxylic acid cycle disorder An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of tricarboxylic acid cycle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019223 biolink:NamedThing disorder of fatty acid and ketone body metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017713 biolink:NamedThing disorder of fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020699 biolink:NamedThing biotin metabolic disease A deficiency in biotin through either inherited or acquired causes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037871 biolink:NamedThing amino acid metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of cellular amino acid metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000457 biolink:NamedThing classical glioblastoma A molecular subtype of glioblastoma characterized by lack of p53 mutations, chromosome 7 amplifications or deletions, and high levels of EGFR amplification. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018177 biolink:NamedThing glioblastoma The most malignant astrocytic tumor (WHO grade IV). It is composed of poorly differentiated neoplastic astrocytes and it is characterized by the presence of cellular polymorphism, nuclear atypia, brisk mitotic activity, vascular thrombosis, microvascular proliferation and necrosis. It typically affects adults and is preferentially located in the cerebral hemispheres. It may develop from diffuse astrocytoma WHO grade II or anaplastic astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma, IDH-mutant), but more frequently, it manifests after a short clinical history de novo, without evidence of a less malignant precursor lesion (primary glioblastoma, IDH- wildtype). (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000458 biolink:NamedThing proneural glioblastoma A molecular subtype of glioblastoma that is associated with younger age at presentation and is characterized by p53 mutations and PDGFRa amplifications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000459 biolink:NamedThing mesenchymal glioblastoma A molecular subtype of glioblastoma characterized by the presence of NF1 mutations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000460 biolink:NamedThing neural glioblastoma A molecular subtype of glioblastoma characterized by the expression of the neural markers NEFL, GABRA1, SYT1, and SLC12A5. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002501 biolink:NamedThing brain glioblastoma A WHO grade IV malignant astrocytic tumor that arises from the brain, usually the cerebral hemispheres. It is characterized by the presence of poorly differentiated astrocytes, cellular polymorphism, nuclear atypia, and increased mitotic activity. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020690 biolink:NamedThing adult glioblastoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000461 biolink:NamedThing nutritional biotin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001244 biolink:NamedThing vitamin K deficiency hemorrhagic disease Deficiency of vitamin K. It may lead to bleeding, manifested with ecchymoses, petechiae, and hematomas. In infants it may cause hemorrhagic disease of newborn with intracranial and retroperitoneal bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007016 biolink:NamedThing vitamin A deficiency Deficiency of vitamin A due to malnutrition, malabsorption, or dietary lack. It is manifested with reduced night vision, night blindness, and xerophthalmia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042976 biolink:NamedThing vitamin B deficiency A condition due to deficiency in any member of the vitamin B complex. These B vitamins are water-soluble and must be obtained from the diet because they are easily lost in the urine. Unlike the lipid-soluble vitamins, they cannot be stored in the body fat. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100471 biolink:NamedThing vitamin D deficiency Abnormally low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000462 biolink:NamedThing eye adnexa disorder A disease involving the ocular adnexa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002022 biolink:NamedThing disorder of orbital region A disease that involves the orbital region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005328 biolink:NamedThing eye disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the eye. Representative examples include conjunctivitis, glaucoma, cataract, conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, uveal melanoma, and retinoblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040700 biolink:NamedThing orbital dermoid cyst A benign congenital tumor that affects the orbit. It is one of the most common orbital tumors. It is characterized by the presence of a cystic structure that is lined by keratinizing epithelium and contains adnexal structures. Complete surgical excision is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043475 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Stokes syndrome An episode of sudden and transient loss of consciousness sometimes associated with seizures. It is caused by a sudden decrease of the cardiac output that results from a sudden cardiac dysrhythmia. Typically patients develop an initial pallor, followed by facial flush during recovery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009326 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart block Heart block that occurs on or before 28 days of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005449 biolink:NamedThing conduction system disorder A disease involving the conducting system of heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005476 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular node disorder A disease involving the atrioventricular node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014500 biolink:NamedThing atrial conduction disease Atrial conduction disorder is a form of heart disease in which the conduction of the cardiac atrium is disrupted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000470 biolink:NamedThing endocardium disorder A disease involving the endocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005267 biolink:NamedThing heart disorder A disease involving the heart and/or pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000474 biolink:NamedThing pericardium disorder A disease involving the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001302 biolink:NamedThing hypertensive heart disease Abnormal enlargement of the heart resulting from long-standing hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002869 biolink:NamedThing heart valve disorder A disease involving the cardial valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005010 biolink:NamedThing coronary artery disorder Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposits inside the arterial walls. The diagnostic criteria may include documented history of any of the following: documented coronary artery stenosis greater than or equal to 50% (by cardiac catheterization or other modality of direct imaging of the coronary arteries); previous coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG); previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); previous myocardial infarction. (ACC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005252 biolink:NamedThing heart failure Inability of the heart to pump blood at an adequate rate to meet tissue metabolic requirements. Clinical symptoms of heart failure include: unusual dyspnea on light exertion, recurrent dyspnea occurring in the supine position, fluid retention or rales, jugular venous distension, pulmonary edema on physical exam, or pulmonary edema on chest x-ray presumed to be cardiac dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006779 biolink:NamedThing heart aneurysm A localized bulging or dilatation in the muscle wall of a heart (myocardium), usually in the left ventricle. Blood-filled aneurysms are dangerous because they may burst. Fibrous aneurysms interfere with the heart function through the loss of contractility. True aneurysm is bound by the vessel wall or cardiac wall. False aneurysms are hematoma caused by myocardial rupture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007318 biolink:NamedThing Alagille syndrome Alagille (AGS) syndrome is variably characterized by chronic cholestasis due to paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts, peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis, vertebrae segmentation anomalies, characteristic facies, posterior embryotoxon/anterior segment abnormalities, pigmentary retinopathy, and dysplastic kidneys. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008922 biolink:NamedThing Sengers syndrome Congenital cataract - hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - mitochrondrial myopathy (CCM) is a mitochondrial disease characterized by cataracts, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, muscle weakness and lactic acidosis after exercise. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009159 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, cardiac valvular type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, cardiac valvular type is a form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by soft skin, skin hyperextensibility, easy bruisability, atrophic scar formation, joint hypermobility and cardiac valvular defects comprising mitral and/or aortic valve insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009511 biolink:NamedThing Larsen-like syndrome, B3GAT3 type Larsen-like syndrome, B3GAT3 type is a rare, genetic, primary bone dysplasia characterized by laxity, dislocations and contractures of the joints, short stature, foot deformities (e.g. clubfeet), broad tips of fingers and toes, short neck, dysmorphic facial features (hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, upturned nose with anteverted nares, high arched palate) and various cardiac malformations. Severe disease is associated with multiple fractures, osteopenia, arachnodactyly and blue sclerae. A broad spectrum of additional features, including scoliosis, radio-ulnar synostosis, mild developmental delay, and various eye disorders (glaucoma, amblyopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, ptosis), are also reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010199 biolink:NamedThing white forelock with malformations White forelock with malformations is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by poliosis, distinct facial features (epicanthal folds, hypertelorism, posterior rotation of ears, prominent philtrum, high-arched palate) and congenital anomalies/malformations of the eye (blue sclera), cardiopulmonary (atrial septal defect, prominent thoracic and abdominal veins), and skeletal (clinodactyly, syndactyly of the fingers and 2nd and 3rd toes) systems. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1980. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010711 biolink:NamedThing TARP syndrome A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by Robin sequence (micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate), atrial septal defect, persistence of the left superior vena cava, and talipes equinovarus. The phenotype is variable, some patients present with further dysmorphic characteristics (e.g. hypertelorism, ear abnormalities) while others do not have any key findings. Additional features, such as syndactyly, polydactyly, or brain anomalies (e.g. cerebellar hypoplasia), have also been reported. The syndrome is almost invariably lethal with affected males either dying prenatally or living just a few months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010825 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular defect-blepharophimosis-radial and anal defect syndrome Atrioventricular defect-blepharophimosis-radial and anal defect syndrome is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by atrioventricular septal defects and blepharophimosis, in addition to radial (e.g. aplastic radius, shortened ulna, fifth finger clinodactyly, absent first metacarpal and thumb) and anal (e.g. imperforate or anteriorly place anus, rectovaginal fistula) defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011050 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-cardiac defect-lung malsegmentation syndrome Microcephaly - cardiac defect - lung malsegmentation syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by the combination of microcephaly, heart defects, renal hypoplasia, lung segmentation defects and cleft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011454 biolink:NamedThing patent ductus arteriosus-bicuspid aortic valve-hand anomalies syndrome Patent ductus arteriosus - bicuspid aortic valve - hand anomalies syndrome is a very rare heart-hand syndrome that is characterized by a variety of cardiovascular anomalies including patent arterial duct, bicuspid aortic valve and pseudocoarctation of the aorta in conjunction with hand anomalies such as brachydactyly and ulnar ray derivative i.e. fifth metacarpal hypoplasia. Transmission is most likely autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013053 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-facio-cardio-skeletal syndrome, Hadziselimovic type Microcephaly-facio-cardio-skeletal syndrome, Hadziselimovic type is a rare syndrome with cardiac malformations, characterized by prenatal-onset growth retardation (low birth weight and short stature), hypotonia, developmental delay and intellectual disability associated with microcephaly and craniofacial (low anterior hairline, hypotelorism, thick lips with carp-shaped mouth, high-arched palate, low-set ears), cardiac (conotruncal heart malformations such as tetralogy of Fallot) and skeletal (hypoplastic thumbs and first metacarpals) abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013640 biolink:NamedThing familial retinal arterial macroaneurysm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014784 biolink:NamedThing severe hypotonia-psychomotor developmental delay-strabismus-cardiac septal defect syndrome Severe hypotonia-psychomotor developmental delay-strabismus-cardiac septal defect syndrome is a rare, genetic, non-dystrophic congenital myopathy disorder characterized by a neonatal-onset of severe generalized hypotonia associated with mild psychomotor delay, congenital strabismus with abducens nerve palsy, and atrial and/or ventricular septal defects. Cryptorchidism is commonly reported in male patients and muscle biopsy typically reveals increased variability in muscle fiber size. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014976 biolink:NamedThing lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome Lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome is rare, genetic, neurometabolic disease characterized by global developmental delay, severe hypotonia, seizures, cataracts, cardiomyopathy (including left or bi-ventricular hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy) and left ventricular non-compaction, typically resulting in infantile or early-childhood death. Patients usually present metabolic lactic acidosis, failure to thrive, head lag, respiratory problems and decrease in respiratory chain complex activity. Highly variable cerebral abnormalities have been reported and include microcephaly, prominent extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid spaces, diffuse neuronal loss and cortical/white matter gliosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015296 biolink:NamedThing cardiac anomalies-heterotaxy syndrome Cardiac anomalies-heterotaxy syndrome is characterised by non-compaction of the ventricular myocardium, bradycardia, pulmonary valve stenosis, and secundum atrial septal defect. Laterality sequence anomalies are also present. So far, the syndrome has been described in nine members from three generations of the same family. Transmission is autosomal dominant and linkage to chromosome 6p24.3-21.2 was reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016460 biolink:NamedThing polyvalvular heart disease syndrome Polyvalvular heart disease syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by the combination of polyvalvular heart disease, short stature, facial anomalies and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018043 biolink:NamedThing Thomas syndrome Thomas syndrome is characterised by renal anomalies, cardiac malformations and cleft lip or palate. It has been described in six patients. Transmission was suggested to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018771 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of ventricular septum A congenital heart malformation that involves the interventricular septum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019075 biolink:NamedThing Bosley-Salih-Alorainy syndrome Bosley-Salih-Alorainy syndrome (BSAS) is characterized by variable horizontal gaze dysfunction, profound and bilateral sensorineural deafness associated commonly with severe inner ear maldevelopment, cerebrovascular anomalies (ranging from unilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia to bilateral agenesis), cardiac malformation, developmental delay and occasionally autism. The syndrome is caused by homozygous mutations in the HOXA1 gene (7p15.2) and is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. The syndrome overlaps clinically and genetically with Athabaskan brain dysfunction syndrome (ABDS,). However unlike ABDS, BSAS does not manifest central hypoventilation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020983 biolink:NamedThing myocardial rupture Disease-related laceration or tearing of tissues of the heart, including the free-wall MYOCARDIUM; HEART SEPTUM; PAPILLARY MUSCLES; CHORDAE TENDINEAE; and any of the HEART VALVES. Pathological rupture usually results from myocardial infarction (HEART RUPTURE, POST-INFARCTION). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021209 biolink:NamedThing heart neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021902 biolink:NamedThing aortopulmonary window A rare, congenital anomaly in the aorta in which a communication exists between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022859 biolink:NamedThing cor biloculare A congenital anatomic anomaly in which the heart has only two chambers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024643 biolink:NamedThing myocardial disorder A disorder that affects the muscle tissue of the heart. Representative examples include myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043529 biolink:NamedThing carcinoid heart disease Cardiac manifestation of gastrointestinal CARCINOID TUMOR that metastasizes to the liver. Substances secreted by the tumor cells, including SEROTONIN, promote fibrous plaque formation in ENDOCARDIUM and its underlying layers. These deposits cause distortion of the TRICUSPID VALVE and the PULMONARY VALVE eventually leading to STENOSIS and valve regurgitation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044875 biolink:NamedThing coronary microvascular disorder A disorder affecting the smallest coronary arteries. Causes include atherosclerosis and arterial spasm. Chest pain is a frequently observed symptom. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045001 biolink:NamedThing cardiac ventricle disorder A disease or disorder that involves the cardiac ventricle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800175 biolink:NamedThing cardiogenic shock A rare, cardiac condition characterized by severely decreased cardiac output, hypoperfusion and end-organ dysfunction, in the presence of adequate intravascular volume. The clinical presentation is variable and may range from subtle hemodynamic alterations to overt cardiovascular collapse. Commonly reported features include dyspnea, crackles, elevated jugular venous pressure, altered mental state, abnormal pulse pressure, oliguria, cold extremities, and increased serum lactate levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000471 biolink:NamedThing tricuspid valve disorder A disease involving the tricuspid valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003628 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary valve disorder A disease involving the pulmonary valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003767 biolink:NamedThing mitral valve disorder A disease involving the mitral valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003803 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve disorder A disease involving the aortic valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020288 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular valve anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000473 biolink:NamedThing arterial disorder An impairment of the structure or function of the blood vessels which carry blood away from the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005385 biolink:NamedThing vascular disorder A general term used to describe any disease affecting blood vessels]. It includes vascular abnormalities caused by degenerative, metabolic and inflammatory conditions, embolic diseases, coagulative disorders, and functional disorders such as posteri or reversible encephalopathy syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000701 biolink:NamedThing ischemic colitis Inflammation of the colon due to colonic ischemia resulting from alterations in systemic circulation or local vasculature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000831 biolink:NamedThing thrombotic disease The formation of a blood clot in the lumen of a vessel or heart chamber; causes include coagulation disorders and vascular endothelial injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001574 biolink:NamedThing capillary disorder A disease involving a capillary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002322 biolink:NamedThing angiodysplasia Acquired degenerative dilation or expansion (ectasia) of normal blood vessels, often associated with aging. They are isolated, tortuous, thin-walled vessels and sources of bleeding. They occur most often in mucosal capillaries of the gastrointestinal tract leading to gastrointestinal hemorrhage and anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004634 biolink:NamedThing vein disorder A disease involving the vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005053 biolink:NamedThing ischemic disease Lack of blood supply to an area of the body, resulting in impairment of tissue oxygenation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005294 biolink:NamedThing peripheral vascular disease Any disorder affecting blood flow through the veins or arteries outside of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005399 biolink:NamedThing venous thromboembolism Occlusion of the lumen of a vein by a thrombus that has migrated from a distal site via the blood stream. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005552 biolink:NamedThing ocular vascular disorder A disorder that is caused by pathologic changes in the ocular vasculature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005568 biolink:NamedThing cholesterol embolism Blocking of a blood vessel by cholesterol-rich atheromatous deposits, generally occurring in the flow from a large artery to small arterial branches. It is also called arterial-arterial embolization or atheroembolism which may be spontaneous or iatrogenic. Patients with spontaneous atheroembolism often have painful, cyanotic digits of acute onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005979 biolink:NamedThing thoracic outlet syndrome A syndrome resulting from the compression of the blood vessels or nerves in the space between the clavicle and first rib (thoracic outlet). It is caused by car accident injuries or repetitive job or sport-related injuries. Signs and symptoms include pain in the shoulders and neck, numbness in the fingers, and weakening grip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008818 biolink:NamedThing arterial tortuosity syndrome Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by tortuosity and elongation of the large and medium-sized arteries and a propensity towards aneurysm formation, vascular dissection, and stenosis of the pulmonary arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008895 biolink:NamedThing hereditary arterial and articular multiple calcification syndrome Hereditary arterial and articular multiple calcification syndrome is a very rare genetic vascular disease of autosomal recessive inheritance, described in less than 20 patients to date, characterized by adult-onset (as early as the second decade of life) isolated calcification of the arteries of the lower extremities (including the iliac, femoral, and tibial arteries) as well as the capsule joints of the fingers, wrists, ankles and feet, and that usually manifests with mild paresthesias of the lower extremities, intense joint pain and swelling, and early onset arthritis of affected joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013452 biolink:NamedThing multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome Multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome is a disease in which the activity of smooth muscle throughout the body is impaired. This leads to widespread problems including blood vessel abnormalities, a decreased response of the pupils to light, a weak bladder, and weakened contractions of the muscles used for the digestion of food (hypo peristalsis). A certain mutation in the ACTA2 gene has been shown to cause this condition insome individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016469 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular-like type Ehlers-Danlos, vascular-like type is an adult-onset form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by spontaneous dissection of medium-sized arteries during young adulthood, including mainly the iliac, femoral, and renal arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017215 biolink:NamedThing calciphylaxis Calciphylaxis is a disease in which blood vessels (veins and arteries) become blocked by a build-up of calcium in the walls of the vessels, preventing blood from flowing to the skin or internal organs. The lack of blood flow (ischemia) damages healthy tissue and causes itto die (necrosis). The most obvious and frequent symptom of calciphylaxis is damage to the skin, as ulcers can developand become infected easily. Calciphylaxis can also affect fat tissue, internal organs, and skeletal muscle, causing infections, pain, and organ failure.These symptoms are often irreversible, and many individuals with calciphylaxis may not survive more thana few months after they are diagnosed due to infection that spreads throughout the body (sepsis), or organ failure. The exact cause of calciphylaxis is unknown. Treatments may include medications to reduce pain, antibiotics to treat infections, and various approaches to preventing the development or worsening of this condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017309 biolink:NamedThing neonatal Marfan syndrome Neonatal Marfan syndrome is a rare, severe and life-threatening genetic disease, occuring during the neonatal period, characterized by classical Marfan syndrome manifestations in addition to facial dysmorphism (megalocornea, iridodonesis, ectopia lentis, crumpled ears, loose redundant skin giving a 'senile' facial appearance), flexion joint contractures, pulmonary emphysema, and a severe, rapidly progressive cardiovascular disease (including ascending aortic dilatation and severe mitral and/or tricuspid valve insufficiency). Additionally, skeletal manifestations (arachnodactyly, dolichostenomelia, pectus deformities) are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017314 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV, also known as the vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), is an inherited connective tissue disorder defined by characteristic facial features (acrogeria) in most patients, translucent skin with highly visible subcutaneous vessels on the trunk and lower back, easy bruising, and severe arterial, digestive and uterine complications, which are rarely, if at all, observed in the other forms of EDS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017818 biolink:NamedThing lethal arteriopathy syndrome due to fibulin-4 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019063 biolink:NamedThing vascular anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019293 biolink:NamedThing skin vascular disease A disease that involves the superficial vasculature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019993 biolink:NamedThing congenital renal artery stenosis A narrowing of renal arteries that is present since birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020672 biolink:NamedThing vascular occlusion disorder A disorder characterized by occlusion of blood vessels. It differs from thrombosis in that it can be used to describe any form of blockage, not just one formed by a clot. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020674 biolink:NamedThing vascular insufficiency disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021080 biolink:NamedThing blood vessel neoplasm A neoplasm arising from arteries or veins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021658 biolink:NamedThing vascular ectasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022293 biolink:NamedThing vascular disorder of penis A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the blood vessels of the penis. Representative examples include atherosclerosis, venous leak, and hemangioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023152 biolink:NamedThing fibrocartilaginous embolism Fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE) is a rare type of embolism (sudden blocking of an artery) that occurs in the spinal cord. FCE occurs when materials that are usually found within the vertebral disc of the spine enter into the nearby vascular system (veins and arteries) and block one of the spinal cord vessels. The signs and symptoms of FCE often develop after a minor or even unnoticed btriggering eventb such as lifting, straining, or falling. Symptoms of FCE may include neck and/or back pain, progressive muscle weakness, and paralysis.The exact underlying cause of FCE is poorly understood. Most cases occur sporadically in people with no family history of the disease. Diagnosis is based on imaging of the spinal cord and ruling out other causes of a blockage of the vascular system within the spinal cord. Treatment is generally focused on preventing possible complications and improving quality of life with medications and physical therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024471 biolink:NamedThing non-inflammatory vasculopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036870 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic vessel neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the lymphatic vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043218 biolink:NamedThing neurovascular disorder A disorder of the nervous system related to a vascular etiology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043287 biolink:NamedThing superior vena cava syndrome Obstruction of the blood flow in the superior vena cava caused by a malignant neoplasm, thrombosis, or aneurysm. It is a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment. Signs and symptoms include swelling and cyanosis of the face, neck, and upper arms, cough, orthopnea, and headache. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000476 biolink:NamedThing generalized dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000477 biolink:NamedThing focal dystonia A dystonia that is localized to a specific part of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000478 biolink:NamedThing multifocal dystonia A dystonia that involves two or more unrelated body parts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000479 biolink:NamedThing segmental dystonia A dystonia that affects two or more adjacent parts of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015494 biolink:NamedThing isolated dystonia A dystonia (disease) that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017649 biolink:NamedThing hemidystonia-hemiatrophy syndrome Hemidystonia-hemiatrophy (HD-HA) is a rare dystonia, usually caused by a static cerebral injury occurring at birth or during infancy, that is characterized by a combination of hemidystonia (HD), involving one half of the body, and hemiatrophy (HA) on the same side as the HD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043969 biolink:NamedThing nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia A parasomnia characterized by paroxysmal episodes of choreoathetotic, ballistic, dystonic movements, and semipurposeful activity. The episodes occur during non-rapid eye movement sleep and typically recur several times per night. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044811 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic torsion dystonia Torsion dystonia for which no underlying cause has been identified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044843 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000480 biolink:NamedThing anismus A focal dystonia of the pelvic floor muscles during attempted defecation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000481 biolink:NamedThing cervical dystonia Cervical dystonia is a neurological condition characterized by excessive pulling of the muscles of the neck and shoulder resulting in abnormal movements of the head (dystonia).Most commonly, the head turns to one side or the other.Tilting sideways, or to the back or front may also occur.The turning or tilting movements may be accompanied by shaking movement (tremor) and/or soreness of the muscles of the neck and shoulders.Cervical dystonia can occur at any age, but most cases occur in middle age. It often begins slowly and usually reaches a plateau over a few months or years. The cause of cervical dystonia is often unknown. In some cases there is a family history. Several genes have been associated with cervical dystonia, including GNAL, THAP1, CIZ1, and ANO3. Other cases may be linked to an underlying disease (e.g. Parkinson disease), neck trauma, or certain medications. Treatment may include local injections of botulinum toxin, pain medications, benzodiazepines (anti-anxiety medications), anticholinergics,physical therapy, or surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000482 biolink:NamedThing focal hand dystonia A focal dystonia that affects a single muscle or small group of muscles in the hand resulting from involuntary muscular contractions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000483 biolink:NamedThing oculogyric crisis A focal dystonia that is characterized by a prolonged involuntary upward deviation of the eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000485 biolink:NamedThing spasmodic dystonia A chronic voice disorder characterized by momentary periods of uncontrolled spasms of the muscles of the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000486 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial dystonia A focal dystonia that is characterized as dystonia that affects the muscles of the head, face, and neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010747 biolink:NamedThing X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by adult-onset parkinsonism that is frequently accompanied by focal dystonia, which becomes generalized over time, and that has a highly variable clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011200 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia 7 A focal dystonia characterized by predomiantly cervical dystonia that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 18p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011728 biolink:NamedThing blepharospasm Involuntary twitching of the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013928 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 23 Any dystonic disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNA1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019771 biolink:NamedThing oromandibular dystonia Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) is a form of focal dystonia, affecting the lower part of the face and jaws. It is characterized by sustained or repetitive involuntary jaw and tongue movements and facial grimacing caused by involuntary spasms of the masticatory, facial, pharyngeal, lingual, and lip muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044871 biolink:NamedThing dystonia, focal, task-specific DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020120 biolink:NamedThing skeletal muscle disorder A disease involving the skeletal muscle tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002848 biolink:NamedThing skeletal muscle neoplasm A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003528 biolink:NamedThing Volkmann contracture An ischemic contracture of the forearm that most often occurs secondary to trauma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007413 biolink:NamedThing Cyprus facial-neuromusculoskeletal syndrome Cyprus facial-neuromusculoskeletal syndrome is an exceedingly rare, genetic malformation syndrome characterized by a striking facial appearance, variable skeletal deformities, and neurological defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008901 biolink:NamedThing Tel Hashomer camptodactyly syndrome Tel Hashomer camptodactyly syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by camptodactyly, muscle hypoplasia and weakness, skeletal anomalies, facial dysmorphism and abnormal dermatoglyphics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014546 biolink:NamedThing myopathy due to calsequestrin and SERCA1 protein overload Myopathy due to calsequestrin and SERCA1 protein overload is characterised by mild myopathy or elevated levels of creatine kinase in the blood without associated symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014624 biolink:NamedThing Brown syndrome Brown syndrome is a rare eye disorder characterized by defects in eye movements caused by abnormalities of the superior oblique tendon sheath of the superior oblique muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015994 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-white matter spongiosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016105 biolink:NamedThing acquired skeletal muscle disease An instance of skeletal muscle disease that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016120 biolink:NamedThing myotonic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016122 biolink:NamedThing periodic paralysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004382 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the larynx. Representative examples include laryngitis, vocal cord polyp, squamous papilloma, and carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001305 biolink:NamedThing laryngostenosis Narrowing of the laryngeal airway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011273 biolink:NamedThing H syndrome A systemic inherited histiocytosis, with characteristic cutaneous findings accompanying systemic manifestations. H syndrome refers to the major clinical findings of hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hepatosplenomegaly, heart anomalies, hearing loss, hypogonadism, low height, and occasionally, hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus. Due to overlapping clinical features, H syndrome is now considered to include pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus syndrome (PHID), Faisalabad histiocytosis (FHC) and familial sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (FSHML). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015395 biolink:NamedThing congenital subglottic stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020863 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal diphtheria Infection of the larynx by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020974 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal granuloma A tumor-like nodule or mass of inflammatory granulation tissue projecting into the lumen of the LARYNX. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021071 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021420 biolink:NamedThing polyp of vocal cord A non-neoplastic polypoid swelling of the vocal cord mucosa. It is usually unilateral and caused by excessive use of the voice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043862 biolink:NamedThing voice disorders A pathologic process in the larynx that affects the production of speech. Causes include vocal cord paresis, vocal cord nodule, vocal cord polyp, and laryngitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000487 biolink:NamedThing hemidystonia A multifocal dystonia that involves the arm and leg on the same side of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012789 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 16 Dystonia 16 (DYT16) is a very rare and newly discovered movement disorder which is characterized by early-onset progressive limb dystonia, laryngeal and oromandibular dystonia, and parkinsonism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014033 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 25 Autosomal dominant focal dystonia, DTY25 is a form of focal dystonia, characterized by cervical, laryngeal and hand-forearm dystonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000488 biolink:NamedThing periampullary adenoma A adenoma that involves the periampullary region of duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021303 biolink:NamedThing adenoma of small intestine A adenoma that involves the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006187 biolink:NamedThing duodenal villous adenoma A neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the duodenum. It is characterized by a villous architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006421 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal tubular adenoma A usually polypoid neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the small intestine. It is characterized by a tubular architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006422 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal tubulovillous adenoma A neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the small intestine. It is characterized by tubular and villous architectural patterns. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021375 biolink:NamedThing tumor of duodenum A neoplasm (disease) that involves the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000920 biolink:NamedThing duodenum cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the duodenum. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000921 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the ampulla of Vater. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006734 biolink:NamedThing benign duodenal neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the wall of the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024500 biolink:NamedThing duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasm A neuroendocrine neoplasm that involves the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000490 biolink:NamedThing glomerulosclerosis A hardening of the kidney glomerulus caused by scarring of the blood vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019722 biolink:NamedThing glomerular disorder A disease involving the renal glomerulus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002462 biolink:NamedThing glomerulonephritis A renal disorder characterized by damage in the glomeruli. It may be acute or chronic, focal or diffuse, and it may lead to renal failure. Causes include autoimmune disorders, infections, diabetes, and malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019068 biolink:NamedThing congenital membranous nephropathy due to maternal anti-neutral endopeptidase alloimmunization A glomerular disease characterized by severe renal failure and nephrotic syndrome at birth, which rapidly improve in the first weeks of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019723 biolink:NamedThing disease of glomerular basement membrane DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019724 biolink:NamedThing secondary glomerular disease Secondary glomerular diseases are conditions with glomerular pathology in which an underlying cause can be established. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000491 biolink:NamedThing limb ischemia A ischemia that involves the limb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001538 biolink:NamedThing retinal ischemia A ischemic disease that involves the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005299 biolink:NamedThing brain ischemia Diminished or absent blood supply to the brain caused by obstruction (thrombosis or embolism) of an artery resulting in neurologic damage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020675 biolink:NamedThing ischemic bowel disorder Disease of the large or small intestine that is caused by inadequate blood supply. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024644 biolink:NamedThing myocardial ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (coronary artery disease), to obstruction by a thrombus (coronary thrombosis), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (myocardial infarction). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041114 biolink:NamedThing peripheral ischemia Deficient blood distribution to the limbs caused by narrowing or obstruction of the lumen of the peripheral arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000492 biolink:NamedThing chronic venous insufficiency Chronic form of venous insufficiency (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000945 biolink:NamedThing venous insufficiency Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with edema and sometimes with venous stasis ulcers at the ankle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005928 biolink:NamedThing post-thrombotic syndrome A condition characterized by a chronically swollen limb, often a leg with stasis dermatitis and ulcerations. This syndrome can appear soon after phlebitis or years later. Postphlebitic syndrome is the result of damaged or incompetent venous valves in the limbs. Distended, tortuous varicose veins are usually present. Leg pain may occur after long period of standing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000494 biolink:NamedThing renal fibrosis A final common manifestation of a wide variety of chronic kidney diseases characterized by glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000496 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhagic cystitis Inflammation of the bladder resulting in bloody urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001506 biolink:NamedThing prostatocystitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001681 biolink:NamedThing diphtheritic cystitis A cystits which involves inflammation and formation of a dense fibrous false membrane on the mucous membrane of the bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001732 biolink:NamedThing trigonitis Inflammation of the trigone of the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004112 biolink:NamedThing radiation cystitis Inflammation of the bladder due to irradiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004118 biolink:NamedThing cystitis cystica A reactive inflammatory disorder affecting the bladder. It is characterized by the development of small cysts in the bladder wall. The cysts are lined by urothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005742 biolink:NamedThing emphysematous cholecystitis Cholecystitis resulting from infection by gas producing organisms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006030 biolink:NamedThing chronic cystitis Recurrent infections of the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006633 biolink:NamedThing acalculous cholecystitis Inflammation of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021160 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal cystitis An cystitis caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021746 biolink:NamedThing pyelocystitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023073 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic cryptitis Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is a rare inflammatory bladder condition caused by the build up of eosinophils in the bladder. The exact cause of this condition is not known. However, EC has been found in those with allergies and asthma, and in those with a history of bladder trauma or infection, open bladder surgery, or surgery for a bladder tumor. EC has also been found in those who take certain medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030706 biolink:NamedThing Trichomonas cystitis An cystitis caused by infection with Trichomonas vaginalis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002654 biolink:NamedThing uterine disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the uterine corpus or the cervix. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include endometritis and cervicitis. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include endometrial carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and cervical carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000931 biolink:NamedThing endometrial disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the endometrium. Representative examples include endometritis, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001753 biolink:NamedThing female infertility of uterine origin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001786 biolink:NamedThing uterine inflammatory disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001808 biolink:NamedThing chronic subinvolution of uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001809 biolink:NamedThing adhesions of uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002256 biolink:NamedThing cervix disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the cervix. Representative examples include cervicitis, endocervical polyp, and carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004701 biolink:NamedThing uterine polyp A benign protruding lesion arising either from the endometrial cavity (endometrial polyp) or the endocervix (endocervical polyp). It may occasionally recur following complete resection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004762 biolink:NamedThing Taylor syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004936 biolink:NamedThing uterine inversion A complication of obstetric labor in which the corpus of the uterus is forced completely or partially through the uterine cervix. This can occur during the late stages of labor and is associated with immediate postpartum hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006782 biolink:NamedThing hemometra Blood-filled uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006887 biolink:NamedThing parametritis Inflammation of the parametrium, the connective tissue of the pelvic floor, extending from the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021353 biolink:NamedThing tumor of uterus A neoplasm (disease) that involves the uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023165 biolink:NamedThing florid cystic endosalpingiosis of the uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044101 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy, cornual An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted and develops in the cornu of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000498 biolink:NamedThing arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy An anterior ischemic neuropathy that is the cause of vision loss that occurs in temporal arteritis (aka giant cell arteritis) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006649 biolink:NamedThing anterior ischemic optic neuropathy Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) is an eye disease characterized by infarction of the optic disk leading to vision loss. It can be nonarteritic (nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy or NAION) or arteritic, the latter being associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA; often termed temporal arteritis). Vision loss with both varieties is typically rapid (over minutes, hours, or days) and painless. Symptoms such as a general feeling of being unwell (malaise), muscle aches and pains, headaches over the temple, pain when combing hair, pain in the jaw after chewing, and tenderness over the temporal artery (one of the major arteries of the head) may be present with giant cell arteritis. At exam, visual acuity is reduced and the optic disc is swollen. In both subtypes, visual field examination is often reduced in the inferior and central visual fields. The visual loss is usually permanent, with some recovery possibly occurring within the first weeks or months. The arteritic variety is treated with corticosteroids. Treatment of the nonarteritic variety withaspirinor corticosteroids has not been helpful. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000499 biolink:NamedThing non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008538 biolink:NamedThing temporal arteritis Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a large vessel vasculitis predominantly involving the arteries originating from the aortic arch and especially the extracranial branches of the carotid arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000500 biolink:NamedThing tongue squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the tongue. It usually presents as a painful ulcerated or nodular lesion. The size of the tumor and the status of the lymph nodes are the most important factors that determine prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004631 biolink:NamedThing tongue cancer A malignant neoplasm affecting the tongue. The vast majority of cases are carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004394 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the maxillary sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021427 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of lip A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021429 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of floor of mouth A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the mouth floor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021431 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the buccal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021538 biolink:NamedThing verrucous carcinoma of oral cavity A verrucous carcinoma that involves the oral cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044740 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the salivary glands. The majority of patients are in their sixth through eight decades. It usually presents as a rapidly enlarging mass, which may be painful. It usually has an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000502 biolink:NamedThing villous adenoma An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features. It may also arise in the urinary bladder, urethra, and vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004972 biolink:NamedThing adenoma A neoplasm arising from the epithelium. It may be encapsulated or non-encapsulated but non-invasive. The neoplastic epithelial cells may or may not display cellular atypia or dysplasia. In the gastrointestinal tract, when dysplasia becomes severe it is sometimes called carcinoma in situ. Representative examples are pituitary gland adenoma, follicular adenoma of the thyroid gland, and adenomas (or adenomatous polyps) of the gastrointestinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002058 biolink:NamedThing breast adenoma A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm that arises from the breast. Representative examples include apocrine adenoma, tubular adenoma, and pleomorphic adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002197 biolink:NamedThing minor vestibular glands adenoma A rare, benign neoplasm that arises from the vulva It is characterized by the presence of clusters of small glands lined by mucinous epithelial cells. Bartholin duct structures are not present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002369 biolink:NamedThing cystadenoma A benign or borderline cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The epithelial cells line the cystic spaces which contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002375 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous adenoma A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the sebaceous glands. It usually presents as a small yellowish tumor in the sun exposed skin of head and neck. It is characterized by the presence of sebaceous cells aggregates with a peripheral rim of basaloid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002395 biolink:NamedThing renal adenoma An adenoma arising from the renal cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002450 biolink:NamedThing prostatic adenoma Focal benign glandular hyperplasia in the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002533 biolink:NamedThing papillary adenoma An adenoma characterized by the presence of papillary epithelial patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003419 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland adenoma A rare, benign neoplasm that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of clustered glands and tubules lined by mucin-secreting epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003421 biolink:NamedThing mixed cell adenoma An adenoma characterized by the presence of a mixed epithelial cell population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003422 biolink:NamedThing lung adenoma A benign, well circumscribed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the bronchus or the lung parenchyma. Representative examples include alveolar adenoma, papillary adenoma, and mucus gland adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003423 biolink:NamedThing middle ear adenoma A benign, well-circumscribed glandular neoplasm that arises from the middle ear and may exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation. It usually presents with conductive hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003424 biolink:NamedThing oncocytic adenoma A benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic adenomas of the thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, and pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003426 biolink:NamedThing clear cell adenoma A benign neoplasm composed of glands containing epithelial clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003431 biolink:NamedThing lipoadenoma An adenoma in which the neoplastic epithelial cells are admixed with adipose tissue cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003433 biolink:NamedThing water-clear cell adenoma A rare parathyroid gland adenoma composed of neoplastic cells with abundant cytoplasm. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells is usually not entirely clear, and is often variably vacuolated, foamy, and granular. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003434 biolink:NamedThing vaginal adenoma A glandular epithelial neoplasm that arises from the vagina and shows intestinal differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003435 biolink:NamedThing microcystic adenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a microcystic pattern. The cystic spaces are lined by small cuboidal cells without evidence of significant cytologic atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003893 biolink:NamedThing rete testis adenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the rete testis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003924 biolink:NamedThing adrenal cortex adenoma A benign neoplasm that can arise from any of the adrenal cortical layers. It can be associated with the overproduction of glucocorticoids (Cushing's syndrome), androgenic or estrogenic steroids (adrenogenital syndrome), or mineralocorticoids (Conn's syndrome). (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005032 biolink:NamedThing follicular thyroid adenoma A benign, encapsulated tumor, arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It may be associated with thyroid hormone secretion but it does not have malignant characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005179 biolink:NamedThing ovarian adenoma benign A benign adenoma of ovary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006307 biolink:NamedThing mixed somatotroph-lactotroph pituitary gland adenoma An infrequent pituitary gland adenoma composed of an admixture of acidophilic and chromophobic cells that produce growth hormone and prolactin respectively. Unlike mammosomatotroph adenomas, these two hormones are not localized in the same cell by immunohistochemistry. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006373 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gland adenoma A non-metastasizing tumor that arises from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The tumor can be hormonally functioning or not. The diagnosis can be based on imaging studies and/or radioimmunoassays. Due to its location in the sella turcica, expansion of the tumor mass can impinge on the optic chiasm or involve the temporal lobe, third ventricle and posterior fossa A frequently associated physical finding is bitemporal hemianopsia which may progress to further visual loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006890 biolink:NamedThing parathyroid gland adenoma A benign tumor arising from the parenchymal cells of the parathyroid glands. In the vast majority of cases, the tumor involves a single parathyroid gland. It is associated with the symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism, resulting from the excessive production of parathyroid hormone. It is usually surrounded by a well-defined capsule. Capsular invasion, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018902 biolink:NamedThing hepatocellular adenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the hepatocytes. Grossly, it appears as a soft, round mass which often contains areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Morphologically, the neoplastic cells resemble normal hepatocytes and form plates separated by sinusoids. Most patients have a history of contraceptive or anabolic steroids use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021110 biolink:NamedThing sweat gland adenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma, syringofibroadenoma, and hidradenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024660 biolink:NamedThing tubular adenoma A usually polypoid neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. It is characterized by a tubular architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. Representative examples include the tubular adenomas of the colon and rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024661 biolink:NamedThing tubulovillous adenoma An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous and a tubular architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024276 biolink:NamedThing glandular cell neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001704 biolink:NamedThing vaginal glandular neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic glandular epithelial cells. Representative examples include adenoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002198 biolink:NamedThing vulvar glandular neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is composed of glandular epithelial cells. Representative examples include adenoma of the minor vestibular glands, Bartholin gland adenoma, and Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004005 biolink:NamedThing rete ovarii adenoma An adenoma that arises from the rete ovarii. It is composed of elongated tubules. The clinical course is benign. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004970 biolink:NamedThing adenocarcinoma A common cancer characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells. Morphologically, adenocarcinomas are classified according to the growth pattern (e.g., papillary, alveolar) or according to the secreting product (e.g., mucinous, serous). Representative examples of adenocarcinoma are ductal and lobular breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma), colon adenocarcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010795 biolink:NamedThing oncocytic neoplasm A usually benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic neoplasms of the thyroid gland, and kidney. (NCI05) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021078 biolink:NamedThing glandular papilloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024338 biolink:NamedThing mucinous neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037256 biolink:NamedThing serous neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005023 biolink:NamedThing ductal breast carcinoma in situ A carcinoma entirely confined to the mammary ducts. It is also known as DCIS. There is no evidence of invasion of the basement membrane. Currently, it is classified into three categories: High-grade DCIS, intermediate-grade DCIS and low-grade DCIS. In this classification the DCIS grade is defined by a combination of nuclear grade, architectural growth pattern and presence of necrosis. The size of the lesion as well as the grade and the clearance margins play a major role in dictating the most appropriate therapy for DCIS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006270 biolink:NamedThing lobular breast carcinoma in situ A non-invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of monomorphic cells completely filling the lumina. The overall lobular architecture is preserved. It is frequently multifocal (90% in some series) and bilateral. It seldom becomes invasive; however there is an increased risk of infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005061 biolink:NamedThing lung adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the lung and is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells. There is a male predilection with a male to female ratio of 2:1. Usually lung adenocarcinoma is asymptomatic and is identified through screening studies or as an incidental radiologic finding. If clinical symptoms are present they include shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, and fever. Tobacco smoke is a known risk factor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000532 biolink:NamedThing lung combined type small cell adenocarcinoma A lung combined type small cell carcinoma that has material basis in epithelial tissue of glandular origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003181 biolink:NamedThing lung adenoid cystic carcinoma A rare usually indolent lung carcinoma characterized by a cribiform and tubular pattern and the presence of glandular epithelial cells. Clinical symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, wheeze, hemopytsis and chest pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003892 biolink:NamedThing acinar lung adenocarcinoma A morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of acinar structures composed of columnar or cuboidal cells. (NCI05) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004127 biolink:NamedThing lung occult adenocarcinoma A lung adenocarcinoma detectable by sputum cytology only. The primary tumor is undetectable radiographically or during bronchoscopy; therefore, it can not be assessed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004991 biolink:NamedThing minimally invasive lung adenocarcinoma A solitary adenocarcinoma arising from the lung measuring 3 cm or less. It is characterized by a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. It is usually a non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, but rarely may be mucinous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006049 biolink:NamedThing papillary lung adenocarcinoma A morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of papillary structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006281 biolink:NamedThing lung signet ring cell carcinoma A morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of signet ring cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017292 biolink:NamedThing well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA) of the lung is a rare, primary, low-grade, bronchopulmonary neoplasm characterized by a well-circumscribed, usually large, pulmonary mass that is histologically composed of glycogen-rich neoplastic glands and tubules that resemble fetal lungs at 10 to 16 weeks of gestation and benign adjacent stroma. It typically presents with chest pain, cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis and/or generalized, non-specific symptoms, such as night sweats, lethargy, poor appetite and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027772 biolink:NamedThing lung colloid adenocarcinoma A morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of mucin pools containing islands of well differentiated adenocarcinoma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000507 biolink:NamedThing inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia Inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD) is a multisystem degenerative genetic disorder characterized by adult-onset proximal and distal muscle weakness (clinically resembling limb-girdle muscular dystrophy); early-onset Paget disease of bone, manifesting with bone pain, deformity and enlargement of the long-bones; and premature frontotemporal dementia, manifesting first with dysnomia, dyscalculia and comprehension deficits followed by progressive aphasia, alexia, and agraphia. As the disease progresses, muscle weakness begins to affect the other limbs and respiratory muscles, ultimately resulting in respiratory or cardiac failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002254 biolink:NamedThing syndromic disease A group of signs, symptoms, and clinicopathological characteristics that may or may not have a genetic basis and collectively define an abnormal condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000508 biolink:NamedThing syndromic intellectual disability A intellectual disability that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000849 biolink:NamedThing fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium A syndrome that involves abnormality of collagen synthesis in lamellar bones, with manifestations limited to the skeleton. The initial symptom is frequently spontaneous fractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001083 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi renotubular syndrome A genetic or acquired disorder characterized by impairment of the function of the proximal tubules of the kidney. It results in decreased reabsorption of electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and other nutrients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001332 biolink:NamedThing palindromic rheumatism A syndrome that involves sudden and rapidly developing attacks of arthritis with a remission period that results in no joint damage or symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001558 biolink:NamedThing Potter sequence A rare, lethal congenital malformation characterized by bilateral renal agenesis and the absence or decreased volume of amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios). The presence of oligohydramnios gives rise to congenital anomalies that include hypoplastic lungs, lower extremities abnormalities, and characteristic facial features (low-set ears, widely separated eyes, nose flattening, and receding chin). Newborn infants usually die of respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001631 biolink:NamedThing vertebral artery insufficiency A syndrome which occurs as a result of the occlusion of one of the vertebral arteries. It may be caused by atherosclerosis, embolism or hemorrhage. Collateral circulation through the circle of Willis is usually comprised as well. Clinical signs may include vertigo, nystagmus, dysarthria, ataxia and sensorimotor deficits. Clinical course may lead to persistence of neurologic deficits. Prognosis is variable with a substantial risk for recurrent infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001823 biolink:NamedThing sick sinus syndrome A constellation of signs and symptoms which may include syncope, fatigue, dizziness, and alternating periods of bradycardia and atrial tachycardia, which is caused by sinoatrial node dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001858 biolink:NamedThing Tietze syndrome Idiopathic painful nonsuppurative swellings of one or more costal cartilages, especially of the second rib. The anterior chest pain may mimic that of coronary artery disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001881 biolink:NamedThing toxic shock syndrome A rare acute life-threatening systemic bacterial noncontagious illness caused by exotoxins from bacteria of either the Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus type. It is characterized by high fever, hypotension, rash, multi-organ dysfunction, and cutaneous desquamation during the early convalescent period. The toxins affect the host immune system, causing an exuberant and pathological host inflammatory response. Laboratory findings include leukocytosis, elevated prothrombin time, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, and pyuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001956 biolink:NamedThing capillary leak syndrome A syndrome characterized by leakage of intravascular fluids into the extravascular space. This syndrome is observed in patients who demonstrate a state of generalized leaky capillaries following shock syndromes, low-flow states, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, toxemias, medications, or poisoning. It can lead to generalized edema and multiple organ failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001979 biolink:NamedThing dumping syndrome A disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. It is typically caused by the rapid emptying of undigested food from the stomach to the small intestine following gastroesophageal surgery but may be seen secondary to diabetes or the use of certain medications. Clinical signs may be seen 30-60 minutes after eating (early dumping): cramping, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea or they may be seen 1-3 hours later as a result of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (late dumping): sweating, dizziness, confusion and heart palpitations. Untreated, the clinical course progresses to malnutrition and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002687 biolink:NamedThing superior mesenteric artery syndrome Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a digestive condition that occurs when the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) is compressed between two arteries (the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery). This compression causes partial or complete blockage of the duodenum. Symptoms vary based on severity, but can be severely debilitating. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, fullness, nausea, vomiting, and/or weight loss. SMAS typically is due toloss of the mesenteric fat pad (fatty tissue that surrounds the superior mesenteric artery). The most common cause is significant weight loss caused by medical disorders, psychological disorders, or surgery. In younger patients, it most commonly occurs after corrective spinal surgery for scoliosis. Delays in diagnosis may result in significant complications. Depending on the cause and severity, treatment options may include addressing the underlying cause, dietary changes (small feedings or a liquid diet), and/or surgery. Symptoms may not resolve completely after treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003157 biolink:NamedThing disappearing bone disease Syndromes of bone destruction where the cause is not obvious such as neoplasia, infection, or trauma. The destruction follows various patterns: massive (Gorham disease), multicentric (hajdu-cheney syndrome), or carpal/tarsal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003754 biolink:NamedThing Brown-Sequard syndrome Brown-Sequard syndrome is a rare neurological condition that results from an injury or damage to one side of the spinal cord. This condition results in weakness or paralysis on one side of the body (hemiparaplegia) and a loss of sensation on the opposite side (hemianesthesia). Brown-Sequard syndrome most commonly occurs in the the thoracic spine (upper and middle back). There are several causes of Brown-Sequard syndrome, including: a spinal cord tumor, trauma (such as a puncture wound to the neck or back), infectious or inflammatory diseases (tuberculosis or multiple sclerosis), and disk herniation. Treatment for this condition varies depending on the underlying cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003962 biolink:NamedThing Froelich syndrome Froelich syndrome is characterized by obesity and hypogonadism due to a hypothalamic-pituitary disorder. The hypothalamus is a part of the brain where certain functions such as sleep cycles and body temperature are regulated. The pituitary is a gland that makes hormones that affect growth and the functions of other glands in the body. Froehlich syndrome is acquired(i.e., not thought to be inherited or genetic). This syndrome appears to affect males more commonly. The term 'Froelich syndrome' is rarely used today. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003963 biolink:NamedThing diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome This is usually an oligoclonal CD8+ lymphocytic infiltration of various organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003965 biolink:NamedThing Capgras syndrome A rare neuropsychiatric disorder whose primary feature is the delusion that relatives or close acquaintances are not the persons that they are known to be. Visual recognition appears intact but familiar persons are thought be imposters, that is, they appear similar or identical to known individuals but are not. Most cases are seen in the context of a psychotic state. However, if manifested post-traumatically, the cause is most likely due to neurologic impairment. This disorder should be contrasted with prosopagnosia, in which an individual may not recognize a familiar person at all. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004001 biolink:NamedThing compartment syndrome Elevated pressure in a confined space enclosed by fascia or eschar, which may lead to vascular compromise and subsequent ischemic injury to the tissue within the space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004731 biolink:NamedThing central sleep apnea syndrome A broad classification of disorders which includes 6 subtypes (primary central sleep apnea, central sleep apnea due to Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern, central sleep apnea due to medical condition not Cheyne-Stokes, central sleep apnea due to high-altitude periodic breathing, central sleep apnea due to drug or substance and primary sleep apnea of infancy) that are each characterized by interruptions in breathing while asleep. It is caused by improper signaling from the brainstem to respiratory muscles and is triggered by either hypoventilation or hyperventilation. In adults, this disorder may arise following a stroke, congestive heart failure, trauma, infection or the use of narcotic medications. It is more common in older males and may present as a co-morbid condition to obesity. Clinical signs include snoring, insomnia or hypersomnia, difficulty concentrating and fatigue. Recurrent episodes of hypoxia/hypoxemia have long-term detrimental effects on cardiovascular health. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005052 biolink:NamedThing irritable bowel syndrome Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional condition of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract characterised by abdominal pain or discomfort and disordered bowel habit (diarrhoea, constipation, or fluctuation between the two). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005377 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome A collection of symptoms that include severe edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia; it is indicative of renal dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005404 biolink:NamedThing myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome A medical condition characterized by long-term fatigue and other symptoms that limit a person's ability to carry out ordinary daily activities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005546 biolink:NamedThing fibromyalgia A chronic disorder of unknown etiology characterized by pain, stiffness, and tenderness in the muscles of neck, shoulders, back, hips, arms, and legs. Other signs and symptoms include headaches, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and painful menstruation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005567 biolink:NamedThing substance withdrawal syndrome A substance-specific organic brain syndrome that follows the discontinuation of administration or use, or reduction in intake of a substance (including alcohol, prescribed medications and recreational drugs). Syndrome manifests with diverse, often painful physical and psychological symptoms, which include but not limited to intense drug craving, anxiety, depression, insomnia, nausea, perspiration, body aches, tremors, hallucinations, and convulsions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005663 biolink:NamedThing Barre-Lieou syndrome A neurologic syndrome following injury of the spinal sympathetic nerves of the neck. The injury usually results from arthritis or pinching by the adjacent vertebrae. Symptoms include facial pain, chronic allergies, dizziness, neck pain, ear pain and vertigo. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005693 biolink:NamedThing cauda equina syndrome Cauda equina syndrome refers to a group of symptoms that occur when some of the nerves in the cauda equina (the bundle of nerves that spread out from the bottom of the spinal cord) become compressed and/or damaged. Signs and symptoms of this condition include pain, numbness, or tingling in the lower back and/or legs; ' foot drop '; problems with bowel and/or bladder control; and sexual dysfunction. Cauda equina syndrome may be caused by a herniated disk, tumor, infection, fracture, or spinal stenosis. Treatment usually targets the underlying cause of the condition and often includes surgery to remove the material that is pressing on the nerves. Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and/or other services may be required if symptoms persist following surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005907 biolink:NamedThing persian gulf syndrome Unexplained symptoms reported by veterans of the Persian Gulf War with Iraq in 1991. The symptoms reported include fatigue, skin rash, muscle and joint pain, headaches, loss of memory, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms, and extreme sensitivity to commonly occurring chemicals. (Nature 1994 May 5;369(6475):8) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006015 biolink:NamedThing Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome A serious disorder characterized by massive adrenal gland hemorrhage secondary to a bacterial infection, most often Neisseria meningitidis infection. It is manifested with decreased blood pressure, shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and adrenocortical insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006018 biolink:NamedThing Wissler syndrome A rheumatic syndrome of possibly allergic origin, usually affecting children and adolescents, and characterized by high fever, exanthema, arthralgia, leukocytosis, and increased sedimentation rate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006502 biolink:NamedThing acute respiratory distress syndrome Progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery. Cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are not included in this definition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006520 biolink:NamedThing Achenbach syndrome A rare disorder which affects the volar surfaces of fingers. Clinical signs include recurrent, spontaneous or post-traumatic bruising of fingers. The clinical course of the resultant hematoma usually follows a pattern of resolution within days. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006580 biolink:NamedThing miliaria A small (one mm or less) vesicular, papular or pustular monomorphous rash, which is associated with heat, fever or occlusion of sweat glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006650 biolink:NamedThing anterior spinal artery syndrome Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which supplies the ventral two-thirds of the spinal cord. This condition is usually associated with atherosclerosis of the aorta and may result from dissection of an aortic aneurysm or rarely dissection of the anterior spinal artery. Clinical features include weakness and loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of injury, with relative sparing of position and vibratory sensation. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1249-50) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006687 biolink:NamedThing burning mouth syndrome A condition characterized by a burning or tingling sensation on the lips, tongue, or entire mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006733 biolink:NamedThing dry eye syndrome A syndrome characterized by dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva. It is usually caused by a deficiency in tear production. Symptoms include a feeling of burning eyes and a possible foreign body presence in the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006740 biolink:NamedThing empty sella syndrome Empty sella syndrome (ESS) is a condition that involves the sella turcica, a bony structure at the base of the brain that protects the pituitary gland. There is a primary and secondary form of the condition. The primary form occurs when a structural defect above the pituitary gland increases pressure in the sella turcica and causes the gland to flatten. The secondary form occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to injury, a tumor, surgery or radiation therapy. Some people with ESS have no symptoms. People with secondary ESS may have symptoms of decreased pituitary function such as absence of menstruation, infertility, fatigue, and intolerance to stress and infection. In children, ESS may be associated with early onset of puberty, growth hormone deficiency, pituitary tumors, or pituitary gland dysfunction. Treatment focuses on the symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006755 biolink:NamedThing euthyroid sick syndrome Abnormal thyroid function tests, low triiodothyronine with elevated reverse triiodothyronine, in the setting of non-thyroidal illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006827 biolink:NamedThing lateral medullary syndrome A syndrome caused by an infarct in the vertebral or posterior inferior cerebellar artery. It is characterized by sensory defects affecting the same side of the face as the infarct and the opposite side of the trunk as the infarct. Patients experience difficulty swallowing and/or speaking. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006983 biolink:NamedThing subclavian steal syndrome An uncommon neurovascular condition seen with exertion of the upper extremity. It is usually caused by atherosclerotic stenosis or occlusion of the subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery. In order to maintain adequate perfusion of the arm during exercise on the affected side, the narrowed subclavian artery siphons off retrograde blood flow from the ipsilateral vertebral artery. This is possible due to lower blood pressure distal to the site of narrowing and collateral circulation through the circle of Willis. Affected individuals may remain asymptomatic until the oxygen demand generated from upper extremity exercise requires a large enough compensatory volume of blood to be diverted from the vertebral artery to provoke vertebrobasilar insufficiency and its accompanying neurological sequelae. Presenting clinical signs may include pain or numbness of the affected arm (with diminished pulses and a brachial systolic blood pressure differential of greater than 20 mmHg as compared to the opposite arm), vertigo, tinnitus, dysarthria, diplopia and syncope. Notably, unlike cerebral infarction, the clinical course does not lead to chronic neurologic disability. Prognosis for recovery of normal anterograde circulation is favorable following endovascular or surgical intervention. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006994 biolink:NamedThing tarsal tunnel syndrome Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a nerve disorder that is characterized by pain in the ankle, foot, and toes. This condition is caused by compression of the posterior tibial nerve, which runs through a canal near the heel into the sole of the foot. When tissues around this nerve become inflamed, they can press on the nerve and cause the pain associated with tarsal tunnel syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006995 biolink:NamedThing tethered spinal cord syndrome A progressive neurological disorder characterized by the limitation of movement of the spinal cord within the spine. It is caused by the presence of congenital or acquired tissue attachments in the spinal cord. Signs and symptoms include low back pain, scoliosis, weakness in the legs, and incontinence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007147 biolink:NamedThing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome Cessation of air flow during sleep due to upper airway obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007174 biolink:NamedThing Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome is an extremely rare conduction disorder characterized by a short PR interval (less than or equal to 120 ms) with normal QRS complex on electrocardiogram associated with the occurrence of episodes of atrial tachyarrythmias (e.g. atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007191 biolink:NamedThing Behcet disease A chronic, relapsing, multisystemic vasculitis characterized by mucocutaneous lesions, as well as articular, vascular, ocular and central nervous system manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007216 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A2 Brachydactyly type A2 (BDA2) is a congenital malformation characterized by shortening (hypoplasia or aplasia) of the middle phalanges of the index finger and, sometimes, of the little finger. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007227 biolink:NamedThing Sillence syndrome Sillence syndrome (brachydactyly-symphalangism syndrome) resembles type A1 brachydactyly (variable shortening of the middle phalanges of all digits) with associated symphalangism (producing a distal phalanx with the shape of a chess pawn). Scoliosis, clubfoot and tall stature are also characteristic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007269 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1A Familial dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction defect due to LMNA mutation is a rare familial dilated cardiomyopathy characterized by left ventricular enlargement and/or reduced systolic function preceded or accompanied by significant conduction system disease and/or arrhythmias including bradyarrhythmias, supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias. Disease onset is usually in early to mid-adulthood. Sudden cardiac death may occur and may be the presenting symptom. In some cases, it is associated with skeletal myopathy and elevated serum creatine kinase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007432 biolink:NamedThing cerebral arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007482 biolink:NamedThing dyschondrosteosis-nephritis syndrome Dyschondrosteosis - nephritis is characterized by the association of short stature due to mesomelic shortening of the limbs and Madelung deformity, with hereditary nephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007542 biolink:NamedThing Camurati-Engelmann disease Camurati-Englemann disease (CED) is a rare, clinically variable bone dysplasia syndrome characterized by hyperostosis of the long bones, skull, spine and pelvis, associated with severe pain in the extremities, a wide-based waddling gait, joint contractures, muscle weakness and easy fatigability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007603 biolink:NamedThing Felty syndrome Felty syndrome (FS), also known as ''super rheumatoid'' disease, is a severe form of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), characterized by a triad of RA, splenomegaly and neutropenia, resulting in susceptibility to bacterial infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007631 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16p12.1 deletion syndrome, 520kb A condition caused by a 520 kb deletion at 16p12.1. It is characterized by developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphology and congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007646 biolink:NamedThing Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome A rare peripheral neuropathy characterized by slowly progressive axonal, motor greater than sensory polyneuropathy combined with neuromytonia (including spontaneous muscular activity at rest (myokymia), impaired muscle relaxation (pseudomyotonia), and contractures of hands and feet) and neuromyotonic or myokymic discharges on needle EMG. It presents with distal lower limb weakness with gait impairment, muscle stiffness, fasciculations and cramps in hands and legs worsened by cold, decreased to absent tendon reflexes, intrinsic hand muscle atrophy and, variably, mild distal sensory impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007666 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma-sleep apnea syndrome Glaucoma-sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by sleep apnoea associated with glaucoma. It has been described in five members of a family (the mother and four of her children). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007669 biolink:NamedThing renal cysts and diabetes syndrome Renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (RCAD) is a rare form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) characterized clinically by heterogeneous cystic renal disease and early-onset familial non-autoimmune diabetes. Pancreatic atrophy, liver dysfunction and genital tract anomalies are also features of the syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007679 biolink:NamedThing GMS syndrome GMS syndrome describes an extremely rare syndrome involving goniodysgenesis, intellectual disability and short stature in addition to microcephaly, short nose, small hands and ears, and that has been seen in one family to date. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007686 biolink:NamedThing gray platelet syndrome Gray platelet syndrome (GPS) is a rare inherited bleeding disorder characterized by macrothrombocytopenia, myelofibrosis, splenomegaly and typical gray appearance of platelets on Wright stained peripheral blood smear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007710 biolink:NamedThing facial hemiatrophy Progressive hemifacial atrophy (PHA) is a rare acquired disorder, characterized by unilateral slowly progressive atrophy of the skin and soft tissues of half of the face leading to a sunken appearance. Muscles, cartilage and the underlying bony structures may also be involved. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007711 biolink:NamedThing Bencze syndrome Bencze syndrome or hemifacial hyperplasia with strabismus is a malformation syndrome involving the abnormal growth of the facial skeleton as well as its soft tissue structure and organs, and is characterized by mild facial asymmetry with unaffected neurocranium and eyeballs, as well as by esotropia, amblyopia and/or convergent strabismus, and occasionally submucous cleft palate. Transmission is autosomal dominant. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1979. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007745 biolink:NamedThing Gilbert syndrome An autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, resulting in harmless intermittent jaundice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007797 biolink:NamedThing hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal disease syndrome The HDR syndrome is an inherited condition consisting of hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007800 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 18p deletion syndrome Monosomy 18p refers to a chromosomal disorder resulting from the deletion of all or part of the short arm of chromosome 18. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007838 biolink:NamedThing Jacobsen syndrome A multiple congenital anomaly/intellectual disability contiguous gene syndrome caused by partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007863 biolink:NamedThing Kleine-Levin syndrome Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare neurological disorder of unknown origin characterised by relapsing-remitting episodes of hypersomnia in association with cognitive and behavioural disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007864 biolink:NamedThing angioosteohypertrophic syndrome A congenital vascular bone syndrome (CVBS) characterized by the presence of a vascular malformation in a limb, mainly of the arteriovenous type, which results in overgrowth of the affected limb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007969 biolink:NamedThing Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome The Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by a triad of recurrent orofacial swelling, relapsing facial paralysis and fissured tongue and onset in childhood or early adolescence. It has an estimated incidence of 8/10,000. The etiology is unknown but hereditary predisposition is suspected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008201 biolink:NamedThing Perry syndrome Perry syndrome is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by rapidly progressive early-onset parkinsonism, central hypoventilation, weight loss, insomnia and depression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008262 biolink:NamedThing Poland syndrome Poland syndrome is marked by a unilateral absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis major muscle (most frequently involving the sternocostal portion), and a variable degree of ipsilateral hand anomalies, including symbrachydactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008268 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly-myopia syndrome Polydactyly-myopia syndrome is an exceedingly rare autosomal dominant developmental anomaly reported in 1986 in nine individuals among four generations of the same family. The syndrome is characterized clinically by four-limb postaxial polydactyly and progressive myopia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008287 biolink:NamedThing Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) is a pleiotropic, multiple congenital anomaly syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008323 biolink:NamedThing Liddle syndrome Liddle syndrome is a rare inherited form of hypertension characterized by severe early-onset hypertension associated with decreased plasmatic levels of potassium, renin and aldosterone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008327 biolink:NamedThing exfoliation syndrome An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the LOXL1 gene, encoding lysyl oxidase homolog 1. The condition is characterized by abnormal fibrillar extracellular material in anterior segment tissues, and may lead to glaucoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008357 biolink:NamedThing radial hypoplasia-triphalangeal thumbs-hypospadias-maxillary diastema syndrome A syndrome is characterised by symmetric, nonopposable triphalangeal thumbs and radial hypoplasia. It has been described in eight patients (five females and three males) spanning generations of a family. The affected males also presented with hypospadias. The syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008395 biolink:NamedThing Ruvalcaba syndrome An extremely rare malformation syndrome, described in less than 10 patients to date, characterized by microcephaly with characteristic facies (downslanting parpebral fissures, microstomia, beaked nose, narrow maxilla), very short stature, narrow thoracic cage with pectus carinatum, hypoplastic genitalia and skeletal anomalies (i.e. characteristic brachydactyly and osteochondritis of the spine) as well as intellectual and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008491 biolink:NamedThing stiff-person syndrome Stiff-man syndrome (SMS) is a rare neurological disorder comprising fluctuating trunk and limb stiffness, painful muscle spasms, task-specific phobia, an exaggerated startle response, and ankylosing deformities such as fixed lumbar hyperlordosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008517 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly-polydactyly-ear lobe syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008585 biolink:NamedThing HELLP syndrome A life-threatening condition that can potentially complicate pregnancy. It is named for 3 features of the condition: H emolysis, E levated L iver enzyme levels, and L ow P latelet levels. It typically occurs in the last 3 months of pregnancy (the third trimester) but can also start soon after delivery. A wide range of non-specific symptoms may be present in women with HELLP syndrome. Symptoms may include fatigue; malaise; fluid retention and excess weight gain; headache; nausea and vomiting; pain in the upper right or middle of the abdomen; blurry vision; and rarely, nosebleed or seizures. The cause of HELLP syndrome is not known, but certain risk factors have been associated with the condition. It is most common in women with preeclampsia or eclampsia. If not diagnosed and treated quickly, HELLP syndrome can lead to serious complications for the mother and baby.The main treatment is to deliver the baby as soon as possible, even if premature. Treatment may also include medications needed for the mother or baby, and blood transfusion for severe bleeding problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008650 biolink:NamedThing posterior fusion of lumbosacral vertebrae-blepharoptosis syndrome Posterior fusion of lumbosacral vertebrae-blepharoptosis syndrome is characterized by congenital ptosis and posterior fusion of the lumbosacral vertebrae. It has been described in a mother and her two daughters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008904 biolink:NamedThing camptomelic syndrome, long-limb type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008981 biolink:NamedThing infantile choroidocerebral calcification syndrome This syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, calcification of the choroid plexus, and elevated levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein. It has been described in two sibships from two unrelated families. The seven children of one of the sibships were born to consanguineous parents. Some patients also had strabismus, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes and foot deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008995 biolink:NamedThing Yunis-Varon syndrome Yunis-Varon syndrome is a rare condition that affects many different parts of the body. Signs and symptoms are generally present from birth and may include underdeveloped or absent collarbones (clavicles); large fontanelles; characteristic facial features; hypotonia (reduced muscle tone) and/or abnormalities of the fingers and toes. Affected people may also experience feeding difficulties, breathing problems, brain malformations, heart defects, skeletal abnormalities, developmental delay, and/or intellectual disability. Yunis-Varon syndrome is caused by changes (mutations) in the FIG4 gene and isinherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009044 biolink:NamedThing Crigler-Najjar syndrome Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CNS) is a hereditary disorder of bilirubin metabolism characterized by unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to a hepatic deficit of bilirubin glucuronosyltransferase (GT) activity. Two types have been described, CNS types 1 and 2. CNS1 is characterized by a complete deficit of the enzyme and is unaffected by phenobarbital induction therapy, whereas the enzymatic deficit is partial and responds to phenobarbital in CNS2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009045 biolink:NamedThing cataract-nephropathy-encephalopathy syndrome Cataract - nephropathy - encephalopathy syndrome describes a lethal combination of manifestations including short stature, congenital cataracts, encephalopathy with epileptic fits, and postmortem confirmation of nephropathy (renal tubular necrosis). The combination of cataract - nephropathy - encephalopathy has been described in 2 female infant children of first cousin parents. The infants did not survive beyond 4 and 8 months respectively. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1963. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009067 biolink:NamedThing cystinuria Cystinuria is a renal tubular amino acid transport disorder characterized by recurrent formation of kidneys cystine stones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009082 biolink:NamedThing high myopia-sensorineural deafness syndrome High myopia-sensorineural deafness syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by high myopia, typically ranging from -6.0 to -11.0 diopters, and moderate to profound, bilateral, progressive sensorineural hearing loss with prelingual-onset. Affected individuals do not present other systemic, ocular or connective tissue manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009099 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus-intracranial calcification syndrome This syndrome is characterised by nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, intracerebral calcifications, intellectual deficit, short stature and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009130 biolink:NamedThing Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen disease Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen disease (DMC) is a rare skeletal disorder belonging to the group of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009133 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium A non-progressive cerebellar disorder characterized by ataxia associated with an intellectual disability, delayed ambulation and cerebellar hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009156 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly-polydactyly syndrome A rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation disorder characterized by hypoplasia or absence of central digital rays of the hands and/or feet and the presence of one or more, unilateral or bilateral, supernumerary digits on postaxial rays, ranging from hypoplastic digits devoid of osseous structures to complete duplication of a digit. Cutaneous syndactyly, symphalangism and clinodactyly have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009181 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5B, with muscular dystrophy A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by generalized blistering associated with muscular dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009196 biolink:NamedThing ermine phenotype A rare deafness characterized by the association of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and white hair with scattered black tufts, as well as skin areas of hyper- and hypopigmentation. Additional reported features include global developmental delay and moderate intellectual disability, growth retardation, microcephaly, hypotonia, mild dysmorphic facial features (deeply set eyes, broad nasal bridge, slight bowing of the upper lip), retinal depigmentation, anomalies of the fingers and toes, and white matter abnormalities on brain imaging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009200 biolink:NamedThing eyebrow duplication-syndactyly syndrome Eyebrow duplication-syndactyly syndrome is characterised by partial duplication of the eyebrows and syndactyly of the fingers and toes. It has been described in three patients (a brother and sister and an isolated case). Skin hyperelasticity, hypertrichosis and long eyelashes, and abnormal periorbital wrinkling were also reported in some of the patients. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009228 biolink:NamedThing gingival fibromatosis-facial dysmorphism syndrome Gingival fibromatosis - facial dysmorphism is a very rare syndrome characterized by the association of gingival fibromatosis and craniofacial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009276 biolink:NamedThing Bernard-Soulier syndrome Bernard Soulier syndrome (BSS) is an inherited platelet disorder characterized by mild to severe bleeding tendency, macrothrombocytopenia and absent ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009313 biolink:NamedThing Grubben-de Cock-Borghgraef syndrome Grubben-de Cock-Borghgraef syndrome is a rare intellectual disability syndrome characterized by pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, generalized muscular hypotonia, developmental delay (particularly of speech and language), hypotrophy of distal extremities, small and puffy hands and feet, eczematous skin and dental anomalies (i.e. small, widely-spaced teeth). Partial agenesis of the corpus callosum and a selective immunoglobulin IgG2 subclass deficiency have also been reported in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009350 biolink:NamedThing Holzgreve-Wagner-Rehder syndrome A syndrome characterized by Potter sequence, heart defect, cleft palate, polydactyly, and skeletal defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009380 biolink:NamedThing Dubin-Johnson syndrome Dubin-Johnson syndrome (DJS) is a benign, inherited liver disorder characterized clinically by chronic, predominantly conjugated, hyperbilirubinemia and histopathologically by black-brown pigment deposition in parenchymal liver cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009393 biolink:NamedThing ornithine translocase deficiency A rare, genetic disorder of urea cycle metabolism characterized by either a neonatal-onset with manifestations of lethargy, poor feeding, vomiting and tachypnea or, more commonly, presentations in infancy, childhood or adulthood with chronic neurocognitive deficits, acute encephalopathy and/or coagulation defects or other chronic liver dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009417 biolink:NamedThing hypergonadotropic hypogonadism-cataract syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and cataracts with onset during adolescence. It has been described in three brothers from a consanguineous family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009579 biolink:NamedThing Frank-Ter Haar syndrome A syndrome defined by megalocornea, multiple skeletal anomalies, characteristic facial dysmorphism (wide fontanels, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, prominent eyes, full cheeks and micrognathia) and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009624 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly and chorioretinopathy 1 An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation(s) in the TUBGCP6 gene, encoding gamma-tubulin complex component 6. It is characterized by microcephaly and chorioretinopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009661 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 6 Mucopolysaccharidosis type 6 (MPS 6) is a lysosomal storage disease with progressive multisystem involvement, associated with a deficiency of arylsulfatase B (ASB) leading to the accumulation of dermatan sulfate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009721 biolink:NamedThing Nathalie syndrome Nathalie syndrome is characterised by deafness, cataract, muscular atrophy, skeletal abnormalities, growth retardation, underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics, and electrocardiographic abnormalities. It has been described in a Dutch family: in three sisters (one named Nathalie) and their brother. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009728 biolink:NamedThing nephronophthisis 1 Progressive tubulointerstitial nephritis inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It is caused by mutations in the NPHP1 gene. Patients present with anemia, polyuria, and polydipsia during childhood. The progressive bilateral kidney damage results in renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009798 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-cataracts-calcified pinnae-myopathy syndrome Intellectual disability-cataracts-calcified pinnae-myopathy syndrome is a rare, genetic intellectual disability syndrome characterized by macrocephaly, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features (wide forehead, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, enlarged and calcified external ears, large jaw), sparse body hair, tall stature, and intellectual disability. Hearing loss, insulin-resistant diabetes, and progressive distal muscle wasting (leading to joint contractures) have also been reported in adulthood. Rare manifestations include behavioral abnormalities (aggression and restlessness), hypothyroidism, cerebral calcification, ataxia, and peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009809 biolink:NamedThing multicentric osteolysis, nodulosis, and arthropathy A rare, autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the MMP2 gene. It is characterized by the presence of multiple, painless subcutaneous nodules, osteolysis particularly in the hands and feet, osteoporosis, and arthropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009814 biolink:NamedThing osteopenia-intellectual disability-sparse hair syndrome Kaler-Garrity-Stern syndrome is a rare syndrome, described in two sisters of Mennonite descent, characterized by sparse hair, osteopenia, intellectual disability, minor facial abnormalities, joint laxity and hypotonia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009838 biolink:NamedThing Parana hard-skin syndrome A rare disorder characterized by rigid, thick skin that covers the entire body and affects movements. The movement of the chest and abdomen is severely restricted. Affected individuals develop respiratory insufficiency which may lead to death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009871 biolink:NamedThing pili torti-developmental delay-neurological abnormalities syndrome Pili torti-developmental delay-neurological abnormalities syndrome is characterized by growth and developmental delay, mild to moderate neurologic abnormalities, and pili torti. It has been described in a brother and his sister born to consanguineous Puerto Rican parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009874 biolink:NamedThing Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome belongs to the group of extreme insulin-resistance syndromes (which also includes leprechaunism, the lipodystrophies, and the type A and B insulin resistance syndromes). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009904 biolink:NamedThing Gitelman syndrome Gitelman syndrome (GS), also referred to as familial hypokalemia-hypomagnesemia, is characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis in combination with significant hypomagnesemia and low urinary calcium excretion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010030 biolink:NamedThing Sjogren syndrome An autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the glands that produce tears and saliva. Sjögren syndrome is also associated with rheumatic disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. The hallmark symptoms of Sjögren syndrome are dry mouth and dry eyes. In addition, Sjogren syndrome may cause skin, nose, and vaginal dryness. It also may affect other organs of the body including the kidneys, blood vessels, lungs, liver, pancreas, and brain DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010121 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome is a very rare congenital malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral radial aplasia and thrombocytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010128 biolink:NamedThing thyrocerebrorenal syndrome Thyrocerebrorenal syndrome is characterized by renal, neurologic, thyroid disease, associated with thrombocytopenia. It has been described in a brother and his sister. Intelligence was normal. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010172 biolink:NamedThing VACTERL with hydrocephalus VACTERL is an acronym for Vertebral anomalies, Anal atresia, Congenital cardiac disease, tracheoesophageal fistula, Renal anomalies, and Limb defects. VACTERL associated with hydrocephalus has rarely been reported and is thought to be an autosomal recessive anomaly. The condition is described as a uniformly lethal or developmentally devastating disorder distinct from the VATER association. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010207 biolink:NamedThing woolly hair-hypotrichosis-everted lower lip-outstanding ears syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010263 biolink:NamedThing Alport syndrome-intellectual disability-midface hypoplasia-elliptocytosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010278 biolink:NamedThing Christianson syndrome A very rare form of syndromic intellectual deficit characterized by microcephaly, severe developmental delay or regression, hypotonia, abnormal movements, and early-onset seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010284 biolink:NamedThing Armfield syndrome X-linked intellectual disability, Armfield type is characterised by intellectual deficiency, short stature, seizures, and small hands and feet. It has been described in six males from three generations of one family. Three of them also had cataracts/glaucoma and two of them had cleft palate. The locus has been mapped to the terminal 8 Mb of Xq28. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010298 biolink:NamedThing Lesch-Nyhan syndrome Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS) is the most severe form of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency, a hereditary disorder of purine metabolism, and is associated with uric acid overproduction (UAO), neurological troubles, and behavioral problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010323 biolink:NamedThing Atkin-Flaitz syndrome Atkin-Flaitz syndrome is characterised by moderate to severe intellectual deficit, short stature, macrocephaly, and characteristic facies. It has been described in 11 males and three females from three successive generations of the same family. The males also presented with postpubertal macroorchidism. Transmission is X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010353 biolink:NamedThing deafness-intellectual disability, Martin-Probst type syndrome A syndrome characterised by severe bilateral deafness, intellectual deficit, umbilical hernia and abnormal dermatoglyphics. It has been described in three males from three generations of one family. Mild facial dysmorphism (telangiectasias, hypertelorism, dental anomalies and a wide nasal root) was also present. Short stature, pancytopaenia, microcephaly, and renal and genitourinary anomalies were present in some of the patients. The mode of transmission is X-linked recessive and the causative gene has been localised to the q1-21 region of the X chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010382 biolink:NamedThing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by adult-onset progressive intention tremor and gait ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010383 biolink:NamedThing fragile X syndrome A genetic syndrome caused by mutations in the FMR1 gene which is responsible for the expression of the fragile X mental retardation 1 protein. This protein participates in neural development. This syndrome is manifested with mental, emotional, behavioral, physical, and learning disabilities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010463 biolink:NamedThing X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia, Chassaing-Lacombe type A rare genetic bone disorder characterized by chondrodysplasia, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), hydrocephaly and facial dysmorphism in the affected males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010533 biolink:NamedThing Arts syndrome Lethal ataxia with deafness and optic atrophy (also known as Arts syndrome) is characterized by intellectual deficit, early-onset hypotonia, ataxia, delayed motor development, hearing impairment and loss of vision due to optic atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010539 biolink:NamedThing X-linked mandibulofacial dysostosis X-linked mandibulofacial dysostosis is an extremely rare multiple congenital abnormality syndrome that is characterized by microcephaly, malar hypoplasia with downslanting palpebral fissures, highly arched palate, apparently low-set and protruding ears, micrognathia, short stature, bilateral hearing loss, and learning disability. Occasionally, additional features have been observed such as bilateral cryptorchidism, cardiac valvular lesions, body asymmetry, and pectus excavatum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010575 biolink:NamedThing deafness-hypogonadism syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of congenital mixed hearing loss with perilymphatic gusher (Gusher syndrome or DFN3), hypogonadism and abnormal behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010612 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephaly-cerebellar agenesis syndrome This syndrome is characterised by infantile hypotonia followed by onset of ataxia, cataract and intellectual deficit by preschool age. Cerebral atrophy was also reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010638 biolink:NamedThing keratosis follicularis-dwarfism-cerebral atrophy syndrome A syndrome characterized by generalized keratosis follicularis, severe proportionate dwarfism and cerebral atrophy. It has been described in six males from one family (three boys and three maternal uncles). Generalized alopecia and microcephaly were also present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010639 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal abductor paralysis-intellectual disability syndrome Laryngeal abductor paralysis-intellectual disability syndrome is characterised by congenital and permanent laryngeal abductor paralysis, associated, in the majority of cases, with intellectual deficit. It has been described in several families. X-linked inheritance is likely. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010645 biolink:NamedThing oculocerebrorenal syndrome Oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe (OCRL) is a multisystem disorder characterized by congenital cataracts, glaucoma, intellectual disabilities, postnatal growth retardation and renal tubular dysfunction with chronic renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010651 biolink:NamedThing Menkes disease A usually severe multisystemic disorder of copper metabolism, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and marked connective tissue anomalies as well as typical sparse abnormal steely hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010662 biolink:NamedThing paraplegia-intellectual disability-hyperkeratosis syndrome A syndrome characterized by intellectual deficit, spasticity in the lower limbs (spastic paraplegia), pes cavus deformity of both feet, an abnormal gait, and palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis. It has been reported in four brothers. The mother of the affected boys had normal intelligence, plantar hyperkeratosis and a strong facial resemblance to her retarded sons. Her three daughters were normal. This syndrome most likely an X-linked recessive condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010674 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 2 A lysosomal storage disease leading to a massive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and a wide variety of symptoms including distinctive coarse facial features, short stature, cardio-respiratory involvement and skeletal abnormalities. It manifests as a continuum varying from a severe to an attenuated form without neuronal involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010704 biolink:NamedThing otopalatodigital syndrome type 1 The mildest form of otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorder that is characterized by a generalized skeletal dysplasia, mild intellectual disability, conductive hearing loss, and typical facial anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010708 biolink:NamedThing Pallister-W syndrome A syndrome characterised by intellectual deficit, epileptic seizures and facial dysmorphism. Skeletal anomalies are also often present. To date, it has been described in six male patients. The mode of transmission appears to be X-linked dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010726 biolink:NamedThing Rett syndrome A severe neurodevelopmental disorder affecting the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010728 biolink:NamedThing SCARF syndrome A syndrome characterised by the association of skeletal abnormalities, cutis laxa, craniostenosis, ambiguous genitalia, psychomotor retardation and facial abnormalities. So far, it has been described in two males (maternal first cousins). The mode of inheritance was suggested to be X-linked recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010731 biolink:NamedThing Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome is a rare X-linked multiple congenital anomalies syndrome, characterized by pre- and postnatal overgrowth, distinctive craniofacial features, variable congenital malformations, organomegaly and an increased tumor risk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010749 biolink:NamedThing trigonocephaly-short stature-developmental delay syndrome A syndrome characterised by short stature, trigonocephaly and developmental delay. It has been described in three males. Moderate intellectual deficit was reported in one of the males and the other two patients displayed psychomotor retardation. X-linked transmission has been suggested but autosomal recessive inheritance can not be ruled out. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010754 biolink:NamedThing van den Bosch syndrome A syndrome characterized by intellectual deficit, choroideremia, acrokeratosis verruciformis, anhidrosis, and skeletal deformities. It has been observed in a single kindred. The syndrome is transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait and may be caused by a small X-chromosome deletion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010789 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome MELAS (Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke) syndrome is a rare progressive multisystemic disorder characterized by encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes. Other features include endocrinopathy, heart disease, diabetes, hearing loss, and neurological and psychiatric manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010797 biolink:NamedThing Pearson syndrome Pearson syndrome is characterized by refractory sideroblastic anemia, vacuolization of bone marrow precursors and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010798 biolink:NamedThing proximal tubulopathy-diabetes mellitus-cerebellar ataxia syndrome Proximal tubulopathy-diabetes mellitus-cerebellar ataxia syndrome is characterised by onset of proximal tubulopathy in the first year of life, followed by progressive development during childhood of skin anomalies (erythrocyanosis and abnormal pigmentation), blindness, osteoporosis, cerebellar ataxia, mitochondrial myopathy, deafness and diabetes mellitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010802 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic hypoplasia-diabetes-congenital heart disease syndrome Pancreatic hypoplasia-diabetes-congenital heart disease syndrome is characterized by partial pancreatic agenesis, diabetes mellitus, and heart anomalies (including transposition of the great vessels, ventricular or atrial septal defects, pulmonary stenosis, or patent ductus arteriosis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010814 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia-pseudohermaphroditism syndrome Chondrodysplasia - disorder of sex development is an extremely rare disorder of sex development, reported in only two siblings (one terminated in pregnancy) to date, characterized by the clinical features of 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis (normal external female genitalia, lack of pubertal development, primary amenorrhea, and hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism) in association with severe dwarfism with generalized chondrodysplasia (bell-shaped thorax, micromelia, brachydactyly). Other reported features in the live sibling included eye anomalies (hypoplastic irides, myopia, coloboma of optic discs), dysmorphic features (deep-set eyes, upslanting palpebral fissures, puffy eyelids, large ears and mouth, mild prognathism), muscular hypoplasia, mild intellectual deficiency and severe microcephaly with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia. An autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010816 biolink:NamedThing Qazi Markouizos syndrome Qazi-Markouizos syndrome is characterised principally by non-progressive central hypotonia, chronic constipation, severe psychomotor retardation, abnormal dermatoglyphics, dysharmonic skeletal maturation and disproportionate muscle fibres. Seizures or an abnormal electroencephalograph were also reported. To date, the syndrome has been reported in three unrelated Puerto Rican boys. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010821 biolink:NamedThing familial developmental dysphasia Familial developmental dysphasia is a severe form of developmental verbal apraxia characterized by a deficit in spontaneous speech, writing, grammatical judgment and repetition, defective articulation, moderate to severe degree of dyspraxia, a reduced use of consonant clusters, and comprehension delay. Hearing and intelligence are normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010879 biolink:NamedThing CODAS syndrome Codas syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by Cerebral, Ocular, Dental, Auricular and Skeletal anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010901 biolink:NamedThing HEC syndrome HEC syndrome is characterised by communicating hydrocephalus, endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE), and congenital cataracts. It has been described in two children, both of whom died a few months after birth (the first as a result of a respiratory infection and the second due to cardiac complications). The aetiology of the syndrome is unknown but a viral or genetic origin has been proposed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010930 biolink:NamedThing anophthalmia plus syndrome Anophthalmia plus syndrome is a very rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by the presence of anophthalmia or severe microphthalmia, cleft lip/palate, facial cleft and sacral neural tube defects, along with various additional anomalies including congenital glaucoma, iris coloboma, primary hyperplastic vitreous, hypertelorism, low-set ears, clinodactyly, choanal atresia/stenosis, dysgenesis of sacrum, tethering of spinal cord, syringomyelia, hypoplasia of corpus callosum, cerebral ventriculomegaly and endocrine abnormalities. An autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010971 biolink:NamedThing infundibulopelvic stenosis-multicystic kidney syndrome Infundibulopelvic stenosis-multicystic kidney syndrome is a rare, genetic renal malformation syndrome characterized by variable degrees of malformation in the pelvicalyceal system (including unilateral or bilateral calyceal dilatation, infundibular stenosis, hypoplasia or stenosis of the renal pelvis) which lead to multicystic kidney. Clinically it exhibits abdominal, lumbar or flank pain, recurrent urinary tract infections, hypertension, proteinuria and often progresses to renal insufficiency. Calyceal dilatation and hydronephrosis are frequently seen on imaging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011003 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1E Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN5A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011022 biolink:NamedThing Potocki-Shaffer syndrome Potocki-Shaffer syndrome is characterized by multiple exostoses, parietal foramina, enlargement of the anterior fontanelle and occasionally intellectual deficit and mild cranio-facial anomalies. To date, 23 individuals from 14 families have been reported. The syndrome is caused by contiguous gene deletions on the short arm of chromosome 11 (11p11.2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011110 biolink:NamedThing dyssegmental dysplasia-glaucoma syndrome This syndrome is characterised by Kniest dysplasia, spine abnormalities and severe dwarfism. Glaucoma has also been reported. The syndrome has been described in two unrelated children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011203 biolink:NamedThing Pierre Robin sequence with pectus excavatum and rib and scapular anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011244 biolink:NamedThing Marshall-Smith syndrome Marshall-Smith syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by tall stature and advanced bone age at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011320 biolink:NamedThing radioulnar synostosis-microcephaly-scoliosis syndrome An extremely rare syndrome characterized by the association of radioulnar synostosis with microcephaly, scoliosis, short stature and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011441 biolink:NamedThing complex regional pain syndrome type 1 Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) is a form of complex regional pain syndrome in which the pain is disproportionate to any known inciting event and is characterized by continuous pain, allodynia, or hyperalgesia as well as edema, coloration (changes in skin blood flow), or abnormal sudomotor activity in the region of pain. Onset of CRPS1 symptoms may occur within a few days to a month after an injury or trauma to the affected limb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011636 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011690 biolink:NamedThing Camurati-Engelmann disease, type 2 Camurati-Engelmann Disease not associated with TGFB1. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011758 biolink:NamedThing Hurler syndrome Hurler syndrome is the most severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis type 1 (MPS1), a rare lysosomal storage disease, characterized by skeletal abnormalities, cognitive impairment, heart disease, respiratory problems, enlarged liver and spleen, characteristic facies and reduced life expectancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011759 biolink:NamedThing Hurler-Scheie syndrome Hurler-Scheie syndrome is the intermediate form of mucopolysaccharidosis type 1 (MPS1) between the two extremes Hurler syndrome and Scheie syndrome ; it is a rare lysosomal storage disease, characterized by skeletal deformities and a delay in motor development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011760 biolink:NamedThing Scheie syndrome Scheie syndrome is the mildest form of mucopolysaccharidosis type 1 (MPS1), a rare lysosomal storage disease, characterized by skeletal deformities and a delay in motor development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011849 biolink:NamedThing psoriatic arthritis Joint inflammation associated with psoriasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011885 biolink:NamedThing tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome An autoimmune disorder comprising tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011959 biolink:NamedThing sweet syndrome Sweet's syndrome (the eponym for acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) is characterized by a constellation of clinical symptoms, physical features, and pathologic findings which include fever, neutrophilia, tender erythematous skin lesions (papules, nodules, and plaques), and a diffuse infiltrate consisting predominantly of mature neutrophils that are typically located in the upper dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012257 biolink:NamedThing Cerebrorenodigital syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012275 biolink:NamedThing fetal valproate syndrome Fetal valproate syndrome (FVS), is an anticonvulsant drug-related embryofetopathy that can occur when a fetus is exposed to valproic acid (VPA), characterized by distinct facial dysmorphism, congenital anomalies and developmental delay (especially in language and communication). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012400 biolink:NamedThing cortical dysplasia-focal epilepsy syndrome An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CNTNAP2 gene, encoding contactin-associated protein-like 2. It is characterized by normal development until the onset of intractable focal seizures at age 1-9. After the onset of seizures, language regression, intellectual disability, hyperactivity, and impulsive behaviors begin to occur. The majority of children eventually fulfill the criteria for autism spectrum disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012574 biolink:NamedThing Potocki-Lupski syndrome 17p11.2 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 17, typically characterized by hypotonia, poor feeding, failure to thrive, developmental delay (particularly cognitive and language deficits), mild-moderate intellectual deficit, and neuropsychiatric disorders (behavioural problems, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autistic spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder). Structural cardiovascular anomalies (dilated aortic root, bicommissural aortic valve, atrial/ventricular and septal defects) and sleep disturbance (obstructive and central sleep apnea) are also frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012621 biolink:NamedThing deafness-infertility syndrome Deafness-infertility syndrome (DIS) is a very rare syndrome associating sensorineural deafness and male infertility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012720 biolink:NamedThing Krabbe disease, atypical, due to saposin A deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012791 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form with methylmalonic aciduria Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form with methylmalonic aciduria is characterised by the association of a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and an aminoacidopathy. It has been described in two brothers presenting with developmental delay, neurological signs, deafness, exercise intolerance, lactic acidosis and elevation of several plasmatic amino acids. Mitochondria morphology was found to be abnormal on muscle biopsy. Transmission is likely to be linked to maternal mitochondrial DNA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013038 biolink:NamedThing CLOVES syndrome A syndromic disease characterized by Congenital Lipomatous Overgrowth, progressive, complex and mixed truncal Vascular malformations, and Epidermal nevi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013150 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonism-dystonia, infantile Infantile dystonia-parkinsonism (IPD) is an extremely rare inherited neurological syndrome that presents in early infancy with hypokinetic parkinsonism and dystonia and that can be fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013325 biolink:NamedThing COG5-congenital disorder of glycosylation COG5-CDG is an extremely rare form of CDG syndrome characterized clinically in the single reported case to date by moderate mental retardation with slow and inarticulate speech, truncal ataxia, and mild hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013659 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-capillary malformation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013873 biolink:NamedThing IMAGe syndrome IMAGe syndrome is characterized by the association of intrauterine growth retardation, metaphyseal dysplasia (and short limbs), adrenal hypoplasia congenita, and genital anomalies. It has been described in less than 20 cases. The patients also present with dysmorphic features (frontal bossing, broad nasal bridge, low-set ears). In boys, genital anomalies include bilateral cryptorchidism, hypospadias, micropenis, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This syndrome is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014247 biolink:NamedThing familial episodic pain syndrome with predominantly lower limb involvement A rare, autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation in the SCN11A gene. It is characterized by intense episodic pain mainly affecting the distal lower extremities in early childhood. The pain diminishes with age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014335 biolink:NamedThing diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014528 biolink:NamedThing chronic atrial and intestinal dysrhythmia A syndrome characterized by a unique combination of cardiac arrhythmias and intestinal pseudo-obstruction. It has material basis in the mutated SGOL1 protein. Distinctive clinical features include atrial dysrhythmias, sick sinus syndrome (SSS) and valve anomalies and chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014952 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-epilepsy-extrapyramidal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015150 biolink:NamedThing complex hereditary spastic paraplegia A hereditary spastic paraplegia that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015208 biolink:NamedThing syndromic esophageal malformation A esophageal malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015210 biolink:NamedThing syndromic gastroduodenal malformation A gastroduodenal malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015212 biolink:NamedThing syndromic intestinal malformation A intestinal malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015216 biolink:NamedThing syndromic diaphragmatic or abdominal wall malformation A diaphragmatic or abdominal wall malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015222 biolink:NamedThing syndromic respiratory or mediastinal malformation A respiratory or mediastinal malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015228 biolink:NamedThing pentasomy X Pentasomy X is a sex chromosome anomaly caused by the presence of three extra X chromosomes in females (49,XXXXX instead of 46,XX). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015230 biolink:NamedThing anophthalmia-megalocornea-cardiopathy-skeletal anomalies syndrome Anophthalmia-megalocornea-cardiopathy-skeletal anomalies syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome, reported in the offsprings of a consanguineous couple and characterized by multiple congenital skeletal (dolichocephaly, skull asymmetry, camptodactyly, clubfoot), muscular (muscle hypoplasia), ocular (anophthalmia, buphthalmos, retinal detachment, aniridia) and cardiac (prolapse of tricuspid valves, mitral and tricuspid insufficiency) abnormalities. An autosomal recessive inheritance with variable expressivity was suspected. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015231 biolink:NamedThing Bartter syndrome Bartter syndrome is a group of rare renal tubular disease characterized by impaired salt reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop and clinically by the association of hypokalemic alkalosis, hypercalciuria/nephrocalcinosis, increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone, low blood pressure and vascular resistance to angiotensin II. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015246 biolink:NamedThing syndromic anorectal malformation A anorectal malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015282 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy-cataract-hip spine disease syndrome Cardiomyopathy - cataract - hip spine disease describes the extremely rare triad of dilated cardiomyopathy, premature cataract, and articular disease of the hips and spine characterized by hip joint degeneration, irregular intervertebral disks, and platyspondyly. The ocular abnormalities are often the first symptoms to arise. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015300 biolink:NamedThing cataract - microcornea syndrome Cataract-microcornea syndrome is characterized by the association of congenital cataract and microcornea without any other systemic anomaly or dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015311 biolink:NamedThing autism-facial port-wine stain syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the presence of a unilateral angioma on the face and autistic developmental problems characterised by language delay and atypical social interactions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015338 biolink:NamedThing syndromic craniosynostosis A craniosynostosis that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015347 biolink:NamedThing multicentric reticulohistiocytosis Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (MRH) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by the association of specific nodular skin lesions and destructive arthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015431 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 10 Ring chromosome 10 syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, growth retardation, and various dysmorphic features. Less than 20 cases have been described. The main features are low birth weight, microcephaly, stubby nose with a prominent nasal bridge, hypertelorism, strabismus, wide-set nipples, single transverse palmar creases, and clinodactyly. Boys have undescended testes and hypoplastic scrotum. Congenital heart disease, hydronephrosis or renal hypoplasia was present in some of the cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015457 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum agenesis-double urinary collecting system syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015461 biolink:NamedThing short rib-polydactyly syndrome Short rib-polydactyly syndromes are a group of bone malformations characterized by a narrow thorax and polydactyly (usually preaxial). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015540 biolink:NamedThing hemophagocytic syndrome Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a rare immune disease and a potentially life-threatening disorder characterized by cytokine storm and overwhelming inflammation causing fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperferritinemia, and hemophagocytosis in bone marrow, liver, spleen or lymph nodes. It can be either primary due to a genetic defect (primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis), or secondary to malignancies, to infections, most commonly with viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus or cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, or to autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus or adult-onset Still disease (secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015620 biolink:NamedThing syndromic urogenital tract malformation A urogenital tract malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015691 biolink:NamedThing hypereosinophilic syndrome Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) constitutes a rare and heterogeneous group of disorders, defined as persistent and marked blood eosinophilia and/or tissue eosinophilia associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations reflecting eosinophil-induced tissue/organ damage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015752 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-cataracts-kyphosis syndrome This syndrome is characterized by severe intellectual deficit, kyphosis with onset in childhood and cataract with onset in late adolescence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015762 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) refers to a heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders of childhood that disrupt bile formation and present with cholestasis of hepatocellular origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015778 biolink:NamedThing syndromic hypothyroidism A hypothyroidism that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015846 biolink:NamedThing syndromic uterovaginal malformation A uterovaginal malformation that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015892 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone insensitivity syndrome Growth hormone insensitivity syndrome (GHIS) is a group of diseases characterized by marked short stature associated with normal or elevated growth hormone (GH) concentrations, which fail to respond to exogenous GH administration. GHIS comprises growth delay due to IGF-1 deficiency, growth delay due to IGF-1 resistance, Laron syndrome, short stature due to STAT5b deficiency and primary acid-labile subunit (ALS) deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015912 biolink:NamedThing macrothrombocytopenia and granulocyte inclusions with or without nephritis or sensorineural hearing loss An inherited giant platelet disorder with a complex phenotype characterized by congenital thrombocytopenia and possible subsequent manifestations of sensorineural hearing loss, presenile cataracts, elevation of liver enzymes, and/or progressive nephropathy often leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Epstein syndrome, Fechtner syndrome, May-Hegglin anomaly and Sebastian syndrome, previously described as distinct disorders, represent some of the different clinical presentations of MYH9-RD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015943 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), previously known as Churg-Strauss syndrome, is a systemic vasculitis of small-to medium vessels, characterized by asthma, transient pulmonary infiltrates, and hypereosinophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015987 biolink:NamedThing scimitar syndrome Scimitar syndrome is characterized by a combination of cardiopulmonary anomalies including partial anomalous pulmonary venous return connection of the right lung to the inferior caval vein leading to the creation of a left-to-right shunt. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016008 biolink:NamedThing fetal hydantoin syndrome Fetal hydantoin syndrome is a drug-related embryofetopathy that can occur when an embryo/fetus is exposed to the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin, characterized by distinct craniofacial anomalies (hypertelorism and epicanthal folds, short nose and deep nasal bridge, malformed and low set ears, short neck) as well as hypoplastic distal phalanges and underdevelopment of nails of fingers and toes, prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, and neurological impairment (at a 2-3 times higher risk than that of the general population) including cognitive deficits and motor developmental delay. Less commonly, microcephaly, ocular defects, oral clefts, umbilical and inguinal hernias, hypospadias and cardiac anomalies have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016010 biolink:NamedThing vitamin K-antagonist embryofetopathy A teratogenic disorder observed in a newborn or child of a mother who was exposed to warfarin during pregnancy. Manifestations include nasal bridge depression, nasal bones hypoplasia, microcephaly, congenital heart disorders, and brachydactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016017 biolink:NamedThing methimazole embryofetopathy Methimazole embryopathy is a teratogenic embryofetopathy that results from maternal exposition to methimazole (MMI; or the parent compound carbimazole) in the first trimester of pregnancy. MMI is an antithyroid thionamide drug used for the treatment of Graves' disease. In the infant, MMI may result in choanal atresia, esophageal atresia, omphalocele, omphalomesenteric duct anomalies, congenital heart disease (such as ventricular septal defect), renal system malformations and aplasia cutis. Additional features that may be observed include facial dysmorphism (short upslanting palpebral fissures, a broad nasal bridge with a small nose and a broad forehead) and athelia/hypothelia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016030 biolink:NamedThing Evans syndrome Evans syndrome is a rare chronic hematologic disorder characterized by the simultaneous or sequential association of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA; a disorder in which auto-antibodies are directed against red blood cells causing anemia of varying degrees of severity) with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP; a coagulation disorder in which auto-antibodies are directed against platelets causing hemorrhagic episodes) and occasionally autoimmune neutropenia, in the absence of a known underlying etiology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016067 biolink:NamedThing Crandall syndrome This syndrome is characterized by progressive sensorineural deafness, alopecia and hypogonadism with LH and GH deficiencies. It has been described in three brothers. It resembles Bjrnstad's syndrome that combines irregular pili torti and deafness. It is probably inherited as and autosomal recessive disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016085 biolink:NamedThing Cole-Carpenter syndrome An extremely rare form of bone dysplasia characterized by the features of osteogenesis imperfecta such as bone fragility associated with multiple fractures, bone deformities (metaphyseal irregularities and bowing of the long bones) and blue sclera, in association with growth failure, craniosynostosis, hydrocephalus, ocular proptosis, and distinctive facial features (e.g. frontal bossing, midface hypoplasia, and micrognathia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016218 biolink:NamedThing Guillain-Barre syndrome A spectrum of rare post-infectious neuropathies that usually occur in otherwise healthy patients. GBS is clinically heterogeneous and encompasses acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) and some other regional variants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016292 biolink:NamedThing nodular neuronal heterotopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016350 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus-blue sclerae-nephropathy syndrome Hydrocephalus-blue sclera-nephropathy syndrome is a rare, genetic, renal or urinary tract malformation syndrome characterized by nephrotic syndrome with focal segmental sclerosis associated with hydrocephalus, thin skin and blue sclerae. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1978. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016414 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis-intellectual disability, Lopes type A syndrome characterised by hypotrichosis, syndactyly, intellectual deficit and early eruption of teeth. It has been described in two patients. The mode of transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016463 biolink:NamedThing syndromic agammaglobulinemia A agammaglobulinemia that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016467 biolink:NamedThing isotretinoin syndrome Isotretinoin embryopathy is an association of malformations caused by the teratogenic effect of isotretinoin, an oral synthetic vitamin A derivative, which is used to treat severe recalcitrant cystic acne. Exposure to isotretinoin during the first trimester of pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortions and severe birth defects including serious craniofacial (microcephaly, asymmetric crying facies, microphthalmia, developmental abnormalities of the external ear, ocular hypertelorism), cardio vascular (conotruncal heart defects, aortic arch abnormalities), and central nervous system (hydrocephalus, microcephaly, lissencephaly, Dandy-Walker malformation, cognitive deficit) anomalies and thymic aplasia. Isoretinoin is contraindicated during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016516 biolink:NamedThing Kenny-Caffey syndrome A genetic condition characterized by long bone sclerosis and thickening, short stature, and head and eye anomalies. Many affected individuals have hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016522 biolink:NamedThing Kousseff syndrome A syndrome characterized by the association of conotruncal heart defects, myelomeningocele and craniofacial dysmorphism similar to that seen in monosomy 22q11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016565 biolink:NamedThing syndromic genetic obesity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016758 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome is a rare congenital genetic syndrome with a central nervous system malformation as a major feature characterized by microcephaly, hypertonia, developmental delay and cognitive impairment, swallowing difficulty, hypernatremia, and hypoplasia of the frontal parts and fusion of the lateral ventricles on brain MRI. Only one familial case with three affected siblings reported and there have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016818 biolink:NamedThing Mikati-Najjar-Sahli syndrome Mikati-Najjar-Sahli syndrome is characterized by microcephaly, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, short stature and facial dysmorphism (a narrow forehead, hypertrophy and fusion of the eyebrows, micrognathia and pinnae abnormalities). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016821 biolink:NamedThing shoulder and girdle defects-familial intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016989 biolink:NamedThing Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI) is an ocular disease of unknown etiology occurring in a very small percentage (0.5-6.2%) of uvietis cases, characterized by diffuse iris heterochromia or atrophy, keratic precipitates in the absence of synechiae, and in some cases evolving to glaucoma and vitreous opacities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017126 biolink:NamedThing oculo-skeletal-renal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017135 biolink:NamedThing olivopontocerebellar atrophy-deafness syndrome Olivopontocerebellar atrophy-deafness syndrome is characterised by infancy-onset olivopontocerebellar atrophy, sensorineural deafness and speech impairment. It has been described in less than 15 children. Most cases were sporadic, but autosomal recessive inheritance was suggested in three cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017195 biolink:NamedThing Bruck syndrome Bruck syndrome is characterised by the association of osteogenesis imperfecta and congenital joint contractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017199 biolink:NamedThing osteoporosis-macrocephaly-blindness-joint hyperlaxity syndrome Osteoporosis-macrocephaly-blindness-joint hyperlaxity syndrome is characterised by osteoporosis, macrocephalus, brachytelephalangy, and hyperextensibility of the joints. Congenital amaurosis and intellectual deficit have also been reported. This syndrome has been described in three members of one family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017232 biolink:NamedThing recessive intellectual disability-motor dysfunction-multiple joint contractures syndrome Recessive intellectual disability-motor dysfunction-multiple joint contractures syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disabilty disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, progressive, postnatal, multiple joint contractures and severe motor dysfunction. Patients present arrest and regression of motor function and speech acquisition, as well as contractures which begin in lower limbs and slowly progress in an ascending manner to include spine and neck, resulting in individuals presenting a specific fixed position. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017263 biolink:NamedThing inherited ichthyosis syndromic form A inherited ichthyosis that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017278 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune polyendocrinopathy A group of diverse conditions that are characterized by spontaneous, multi-organ autoimmunity, which target both endocrine (adrenal, gonad, pancreatic islet cells, parathyroid, pituitary, thyroid) and non-endocrine (gastrointestinal, integumentary, lymphatic) tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017281 biolink:NamedThing renal caliceal diverticuli-deafness syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017288 biolink:NamedThing DICER1 syndrome A rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the DICER1 gene. People with this syndrome are at an increased risk of developing pleuropulmonary blastoma, cystic nephroma, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary, and multinodular goiter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017316 biolink:NamedThing short stature-deafness-neutrophil dysfunction-dysmorphism syndrome Short stature-deafness-neutrophil dysfunction-dysmorphism syndrome is characterised by short stature, sensorineural deafness, mutism, facial dysmorphism and abnormal neutrophil chemotaxis (leading to recurrent infections). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017372 biolink:NamedThing congenital varicella syndrome Fetal varicella syndrome (CVS) is an acquired developmental anomaly syndrome characterized by skin, neurological, ocular, limbs and growth defects secondary to maternal Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017379 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy-intellectual disability-acromicria-premature menopause syndrome Polyneuropathy-intellectual disability-acromicria-premature menopause syndrome is a rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by intellectual disability, polyneuropathy, short stature and short limbs, brachydactyly, and premature ovarian insufficiency. Only one familial case with three affected females was described and there have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1971. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017409 biolink:NamedThing fetal cytomegalovirus syndrome An infection with the Cytomegalovirus that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017435 biolink:NamedThing popliteal pterygium syndrome A rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the IRF6 gene. It is characterized by the presence of cleft palate, cleft lip, pits in the lower lip, web behind the knee (popliteal pterygium), syndactyly, cryptorchidism, scrotal malformation, and hypoplasia of the labia majora. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017583 biolink:NamedThing mirror polydactyly-vertebral segmentation-limbs defects syndrome Mirror polydactyly-vertebral segmentation-limbs defects syndrome is characterised by mirror polydactyly, vertebral hypersegmentation and severe congenital limb deficiencies. Duodenal atresia and absent thymus were also reported. So far, it has been described in four unrelated infants identified through a congenital malformation screening program carried out in Spain. The prevalence was estimated at around 1 in 330,000. The etiology is unknown but it was suggested that the syndrome is caused by defective expression of a developmental control gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017613 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-hypotonia-skin hyperpigmentation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017642 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-microcephaly-phalangeal-facial abnormalities syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017782 biolink:NamedThing developmental and speech delay due to SOX5 deficiency A rare genetic syndrome characterized by mild to severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability and behavioral abnormalities, hypotonia, strabismus, optic nerve hypoplasia and mild facial dysmorphic features (down slanting palpebral fissures, frontal bossing, crowded teeth, auricular abnormalities and prominent philtral ridges). Other associated clinical features may include seizures and skeletal anomalies (kyphosis/scoliosis, pectus deformities). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017856 biolink:NamedThing X-linked spasticity-intellectual disability-epilepsy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017918 biolink:NamedThing white matter hypoplasia-corpus callosum agenesis-intellectual disability syndrome White matter hypoplasia-corpus callosum agenesis-intellectual disability syndrome is a very rare neurological condition. The few patients described in the medical literature were characterized by brain anomalies; an unusual face with broad nasal root, wide spaced eyes (hypertelorism) and a very small chin (micrognathia); failure to thrive; severe intellectual disability ;and lack of muscle tone (hypotonia). Exams of the brain showed a poor development (hypoplasia) of the pale part of the brain known as white matter, and an absent or abnormal corpus callosum (nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain). Only a few cases have being described. The cause is unknown but may be related to a disorder of axonal development. The described cases seem to be inherited in an autosomal recessive or X-linked way. Corpus callosum agenesis is one of the more frequent congenital malformations. It can be either asymptomatic or associated with intellectual disability, epilepsy, or psychiatric syndromes. It can be part of several genetic syndromes, such as Aicardi syndrome, Andermann syndrome and Apert syndrome, trisomies 13, 18 ; or result from metabolic causes; drugs (cocaine); or viral infection (influenza). Many patients with corpus callosum anomalies have other brain anomalies, including white matter hypoplasia. There is no information on specific treatment for this condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017921 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss-familial salivary gland insensitivity to aldosterone syndrome Hearing loss-familial salivary gland insensitivity to aldosterone syndrome is characterised by bilateral moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss and salivary gland insensitivity to aldosterone resulting in hyponatremia. It has been described in two brothers. Transmission appeared to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018021 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis-deafness syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018066 biolink:NamedThing trisomy X Trisomy X is a sex chromosome anomaly with a variable phenotype caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome in females (47,XXX instead of 46,XX). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018092 biolink:NamedThing Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease A bilateral, chronic, diffuse granulomatous panuveitis typically characterized by serous retinal detachment and frequently associated with neurological (meningitis), auditory, and dermatological alterations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018097 biolink:NamedThing West syndrome West syndrome (or infantile spasms) is characterised by the association of clusters of axial spasms, psychomotor retardation and an hypsarrhythmic interictal EEG pattern. It is the most frequent type of epileptic encephalopathy. It may occur in otherwise healthy infants and in those with abnormal cognitive development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018105 biolink:NamedThing Wolfram syndrome Wolfram syndrome (WS) also known as DIDMOAD, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by type I diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetes insipidus (DI), sensorineural deafness (D), bilateral optical atrophy (OA) and neurological signs. Other related problems are urinary tract atony, ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, psychiatric disorders and/or seizures. 2 types of WS may be distinguished: type 1 and type 2 (WS1 and WS2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018115 biolink:NamedThing epidermal nevus syndrome A syndrome characterized by lesions occurring on the face, scalp, or neck which consist of congenital hypoplastic malformations of cutaneous structures and which over time undergo verrucous hyperplasia. Additionally it is associated with neurological symptoms and skeletal, ophthalmological, urogenital, and cardiovascular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018122 biolink:NamedThing digital anomalies-intellectual disability-short stature syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018229 biolink:NamedThing Stevens-Johnson syndrome Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a limited form of toxic epidermal necrolysis characterized by destruction and detachment of the skin epithelium and mucous membranes involving less than 10% of the body surface area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018249 biolink:NamedThing finger hyperphalangy - toe anomalies - severe pectus excavatum syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018320 biolink:NamedThing primary microcephaly-mild intellectual disability-young-onset diabetes syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018347 biolink:NamedThing severe intellectual disability-progressive postnatal microcephaly- midline stereotypic hand movements syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018496 biolink:NamedThing ARX-related encephalopathy-brain malformation spectrum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018569 biolink:NamedThing X-linked microcephaly-growth retardation-prognathism-cryptorchidism syndrome X-linked microcephaly-growth retardation-prognathism-cryptorchidism syndrome is a rare syndromic intellectual disability characterized by hypotonia, microcephaly, severe developmental delay, seizures, intellectual disability, growth retardation, cardiovascular septal defects, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and dysmorphic features - prominent ears, prognathism, thin upper lip, dental crowding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018573 biolink:NamedThing intrauterine growth restriction-short stature-early adult-onset diabetes syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018574 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-expressive aphasia-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018690 biolink:NamedThing Holmes-Adie syndrome A rare syndrome characterized by an abnormally dilated pupil, hypoflexia, and diaphoresis. The syndrome is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. The abnormally dilated pupil is caused by damage to postganglionic parasympathetic fibers innervating the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018772 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome Joubert syndrome (JS) is characterized by congenital malformation of the brainstem and agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis leading to an abnormal respiratory pattern, nystagmus, hypotonia, ataxia, and delay in achieving motor milestones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018800 biolink:NamedThing Kallmann syndrome Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a developmental genetic disorder characterized by the association of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) due to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency, and anosmia or hyposmia (with hypoplasia or aplasia of the olfactory bulbs). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018821 biolink:NamedThing X-linked female restricted facial dysmorphism-short stature-choanal atresia-intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018860 biolink:NamedThing microlissencephaly-micromelia syndrome Microlissencephaly-micromelia syndrome is a syndrome of abnormal cortical development, characterized by severe prenatal polyhydramnios, postnatal microcephaly, lissencephaly, upper limb micromelia, dysmorphic facies (coarse face, hypertrichosis, and short nose with long philtrum), intractable seizures, and early death. Hypoparathyroidism was noted in one case. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018878 biolink:NamedThing branchiootic syndrome Branchiootic syndrome is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by second branchial arch anomalies (branchial cysts and fistulae), malformations of the outer, middle and inner ear associated with sensorineural, mixed or conductive hearing loss, and the absence of renal abnormalities. Typical ear findings consist of malformed auricles (e.g. lop or cupped ears), preauricular pits and/or tags, and middle and/or inner ear dysplasias (inculding cochlear, vestibular and semicircular channel hypoplasia, malformation of the ossicles and of middle ear space). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018895 biolink:NamedThing Plummer-Vinson syndrome Plummer-Vinson or Paterson-Kelly syndrome presents as a classical triad of dysphagia, iron-deficiency anemia and esophageal webs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018912 biolink:NamedThing Cushing syndrome Cushing's syndrome (CS) encompasses a group of hormonal disorders caused by prolonged and high exposure levels to glucocorticoids that can be of either endogenous (adrenal cortex production) or exogenous (iatrogenic) origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018921 biolink:NamedThing Meckel syndrome A rare, lethal, genetic, multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by the triad of brain malformation mainly occipital encephalocele, large polycystic kidneys, and polydactyly as well as associated abnormalities that may include cleft lip/palate, cardiac and genital anomalies, central nervous system (CNS) malformations, liver fibrosis, and bone dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018927 biolink:NamedThing SUNCT syndrome SUNCT syndrome (Short-lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform headache attacks with Conjunctival injection and Tearing) is a primary headache disorder characterized by unilateral trigeminal pain that occurs in association with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms (conjunctival injection and tearing). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018937 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 3 Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPS III) is a lysosomal storage disease belonging to the group of mucopolysaccharidoses and characterised by severe and rapid intellectual deterioration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018938 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 4 Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV (MPS IV) is a lysosomal storage disease belonging to the group of mucopolysaccharidoses, and characterised by spondylo-epiphyso-metaphyseal dysplasia. It exists in two forms, A and B. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018965 biolink:NamedThing Alport syndrome A genetic syndrome usually inherited as an X-link trait. It is caused by abnormalities in the COL4A5 gene. It affects males more often than females and is characterized by hematuria, progressive renal insufficiency, hearing loss, and ocular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018976 biolink:NamedThing schisis association The combination of two or more of the following anomalies: neural tube defects (e.g. anencephaly, encephalocele, spina bifida cystica), cleft lip/palate, omphalocele and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. These anomalies are associated at a higher frequency than would be expected with random combination rates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018983 biolink:NamedThing Tolosa-Hunt syndrome Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is an ophthalmoplegic syndrome, affecting all age groups, characterized by acute attacks (lasting a few days to a few weeks) of periorbital pain, ipsilateral ocular motor nerve palsies, ptosis, disordered eye movements and blurred vision usually caused by a non-specific inflammatory process in the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure. It has an unpredicatable course with spontaneous remission occurring in some and recurrence of attacks in others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019017 biolink:NamedThing short fifth metacarpals-insulin resistance syndrome A syndrome is characterised by bilateral shortening of the fifth fingers and fifth metacarpals. It has been described in several members of one family. Some members of the family also had spherocytosis and insulin resistance. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019103 biolink:NamedThing benign exophthalmos syndrome Benign exophthalmos syndrome is characterised by slowly progressive unilateral exophthalmos and ipsilateral mucosal turbinate hypertrophy, without intraorbital or intranasal lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019129 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay-osteopenia-ectodermal defect syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of global developmental delay, osteopenia and skin anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019130 biolink:NamedThing tubular renal disease-cardiomyopathy syndrome A syndrome characterised by hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis secondary to a tubulopathy, hypomagnesaemia with hypermagnesuria, severe hypercalciuria and dilated cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019287 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia syndrome The term ''ectodermal dysplasia'' defines a heterogeneous group of heritable disorders of the skin and its appendages characterized by the defective development of two or more ectodermal derivatives, including hair, teeth, nails, sweat glands and their modified structures (i.e. ceruminous, mammary and ciliary glands). The spectrum of clinical manifestations is wide and may include additional manifestations from other ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019312 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HSP) is a multi-system disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis and, in some cases, neutropenia, pulmonary fibrosis, or granulomatous colitis. HPS comprises eight known disorders (HPS-1 to HPS-8), the majority of which present with the same clinical phenotype to varying degrees of severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019354 biolink:NamedThing Stickler syndrome Stickler syndrome is an inherited vitreoretinopathy characterized by the association of ocular signs with more or less complete forms of Pierre-Robin sequence, bone disorders, and sensorineural deafness (10% of cases). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019414 biolink:NamedThing BRESEK syndrome A syndrome characterised by Brain anomalies, severe mental Retardation, Ectodermal dysplasia, Skeletal deformities (vertebral anomalies, scoliosis, polydactyly), Ear/eye anomalies (maldevelopment, small optic nerves, low set and large ears with hearing loss) and Kidney dysplasia/hypoplasia (giving the acronym BRESEK syndrome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019508 biolink:NamedThing van der Woude syndrome Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is a rare congenital genetic dysmorphic syndrome characterized by paramedian lower-lip fistulae, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, or isolated cleft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019520 biolink:NamedThing syndromic lymphedema A lymphedema that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019563 biolink:NamedThing CREST syndrome CREST syndrome is a subtype of limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) whose name is an acronym for the cardinal clinical features of the syndrome: calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019618 biolink:NamedThing Sheehan syndrome An uncommon cause of hypopituitarism seen after severe postpartum hemorrhaging. Prolonged hypovolemia leads to ischemic necrosis of the pituitary. Clinical signs typically present in the puerperium and include failure to begin lactation, fatigue, hypotension and eventual amenorrhea. Clinical course is usually mild, however extreme cases may progress to adrenal failure. Prognosis is most favorable when hormone replacement is initiated soon after symptom onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019751 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory syndrome A group of disorders of the innate immune system characterized by attacks of seemingly unprovoked inflammation without significant levels of either autoantibodies or autoreactive T cells more characteristic of autoimmune disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019790 biolink:NamedThing neuroleptic malignant syndrome Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an idiosyncratic condition associated with administration of antipsychotic and other central dopaminergic blockers, and characterized by hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, autonomic dysfunction and altered consciousness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019828 biolink:NamedThing pituitary stalk interruption syndrome Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a congenital abnormality of the pituitary that is responsible for pituitary deficiency and is usually characterized by the triad of a very thin or interrupted pituitary stalk, an ectopic (or absent) posterior pituitary (EPP) and hypoplasia or aplasia of the anterior pituitary visible on MRI. In some patients the abnormality may be limited to EPP (also called ectopic neurohypophysis) or to an interrupted pituitary stalk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019944 biolink:NamedThing Eisenmenger syndrome Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is an form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with unoperated congenital heart disease and is characterized by congenital heart malformations with reversed or bi-directional shunting through an intra-cardiac or intervascular (usually aorto-pulmonary) communication with the development of PAH. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019978 biolink:NamedThing Robinow syndrome Robinow syndrome (RS) is a rare genetic syndrome characterized by limb shortening and abnormalities of the head, face and external genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020148 biolink:NamedThing syndromic aniridia A aniridia that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020157 biolink:NamedThing syndromic palpebral coloboma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020165 biolink:NamedThing syndromic epicanthus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020210 biolink:NamedThing syndromic hyperopia A hyperopia that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020211 biolink:NamedThing syndromic keratoconus A keratoconus (disease) that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020215 biolink:NamedThing syndromic corneal dystrophy A corneal dystrophy (disease) that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020240 biolink:NamedThing syndromic retinitis pigmentosa A retinitis pigmentosa that is part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020291 biolink:NamedThing hypoplastic right heart syndrome Hypoplastic right-heart syndrome (HRHS) is a rare, cyanotic congenital heart malformation caused by underdevelopment of the right-sided heart structures (tricuspid valve, RV, pulmonary valve, and pulmonary artery) commonly associated with an atrial septal defect, ostium secundum type. Pulmonary blood flow is diminished and right-to-left shunting occurs at the atrial level, leading to dyspnea, fatigue, atrial arrhythmias, right-sided heart failure, hypoxemia, repeated miscarriages that were mostly due to hypoxemia and cyanosis. Two subtypes of HRHS have been characterized: pulmonary atresia-intact ventricular septum and right ventricular hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020404 biolink:NamedThing shone complex A congenital cardiovascular abnormality characterized by the presence of subvalvar left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, coarctation of the aorta, and mitral stenosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020435 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect, coronary sinus type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020572 biolink:NamedThing complex regional pain syndrome type 2 Complex regional pain syndrome type 2 (CRPS2), or causalgia is a form of complex regional pain syndrome that develops after damage to a peripheral nerve and is characterized by spontaneous pain, allodynia and hyperalgesia, not necessarily limited to the territory of the injured nerve, as well as at some point, edema, changes in skin blood flow or sudomotor dysfunction in the pain area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021058 biolink:NamedThing neoplastic syndrome A broad classification for disorders in which the development of neoplasms typically occur in association with a characteristic set of signs or symptoms. These disorders may be inherited or acquired. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021073 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic syndrome A classification for rare disorders of diverse organ systems (endocrine, neuromuscular, gastrointestinal, renal, dermatologic, rheumatologic, hematologic) that are affected by substances secreted by a distant neoplasm but not by the action of the neoplasm itself metastasizing to that organ or tissue. Less than 1 % of neoplasms are associated with these syndromes. An immune-mediated response to neoplasm-elaborated proteins may be the cause of these syndromes. Additionally, their manifestation may signal the presence of an occult neoplasm, potentially at an earlier stage of disease thereby leading to a better clinical outcome. Constitutional signs may include fever, night sweats, anorexia and cachexia. Clinical course is usually progressive. Prognosis is variable depending on the effective treatment of the underlying neoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021752 biolink:NamedThing Achard-Thiers syndrome Achard–Thiers syndrome combines the features of adrenogenital syndrome and Cushing syndrome. It occurs mainly in post-menopausal women DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021761 biolink:NamedThing acral dysostosis dyserythropoiesis syndrome An erythrocytic disorder that is characterized by macrocytosis and megaloblastic changes of the bone marrow cells, with additional morphological defects of hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021829 biolink:NamedThing agnathia-microstomia-synotia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021836 biolink:NamedThing Aksu von Stockhausen syndrome A syndrome characterized by a malformations of the neck due to a branchial arch defect. In the neonatal period the following signs were noted: symmetrical preauricular pits, retroauricular additional rudimentary auricles, a blindly ending coccygeal groove, microstomia and papillomata of the hypopharynx. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021845 biolink:NamedThing Aloi Tomasini Isaia syndrome A syndrome characterized by a unilateral linear basal cell nevus, diffuse osteoma cutis, unilateral anodontia (missing teeth), and abnormal bone mineralization. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021895 biolink:NamedThing temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome A common disorder noted with jaw movement. It may be caused by malocclusion, repetitive use injury, trauma or arthritis. It is more prevalent among females between their second and fourth decades. Clinical signs include preauricular pain, temporomandibular joint clicking (as the mandibular condyle slips from the articulation made with the capsular disc and temporal bone) and restriction of jaw motion. Clinical course is typically benign but may progress to associated headaches, ear and neck pain, tinnitus and dislocation of temporomandibular joint. Prognosis is favorable as a majority of cases will respond to conservative management. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021905 biolink:NamedThing apert-like polydactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021918 biolink:NamedThing arena syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021921 biolink:NamedThing Arnold stickler bourne syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021962 biolink:NamedThing baetz-greenwalt syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021964 biolink:NamedThing bagatelle Cassidy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021966 biolink:NamedThing baker Vinters syndrome A very rare syndrome characterized by craniosynostosis (premature fusion of skull bones), hydrocephalus (an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain) and abnormal development of the channel or duct in the middle of the brain that connects the third and fourth ventricles. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021969 biolink:NamedThing Banti syndrome A syndrome characterized by hypochromic anemia with leukopenia, splenomegaly, late onset hepatic cirrhosis and death from gastric hemorrhages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022011 biolink:NamedThing bobble-head doll syndrome Bobble-head doll syndrome (BHDS) is a rare neurological condition thatis typically first seen in childhood. The signs and symptoms of BHDS includecharacteristic up and downhead movements that increase during walking and excitement and decrease during concentration.Although the specific cause of this condition is unknown, BHDS is often seen with cysts in the third ventricle of the brain that alsocause hydrocephalus (water on the brain). Treatment for BHDS may involve surgical removal of the cyst causing the condition or using a shunt to drain excess water on the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022013 biolink:NamedThing Boerhaave syndrome A syndrome characterized by spontaneous longitudinal transmural rupture of the esophagus, usually in its distal part. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022067 biolink:NamedThing Cantu sanchez-corona fragoso syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022070 biolink:NamedThing Cantu sanchez-corona hernandez syndrome Mild mental deficiency, short stature, macrocranium, cardiac anomalies, cutis laxa, peculiar facies, wrinkled palms and soles, small vertebral bodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022071 biolink:NamedThing carbon baby syndrome Carbon baby syndrome, also known as universal acquired melanosis, is a rare form of hyperpigmentation. The skin of affected infants progressively darkens over the first years of life in the absence of other symptoms. The cause of the condition is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022089 biolink:NamedThing Carnevale hernandez castillo syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022094 biolink:NamedThing Cartwright Nelson Fryns syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022140 biolink:NamedThing Charles bonnet syndrome Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) refers to the presenceof visual hallucinations in individuals with visual acuity loss without havingpsychosis or dementia. The condition is likely caused by the brain continuing to interpret images, even in their absence. Underlying conditions of vision loss associated with Charles Bonnet syndrome are diverse (including conditions such as macular degeneration and stroke) and may affect the eye, optic nerve, or brain. Hallucinations often resolve if the underlying vision deficit is corrected and can also remit in some individuals with static or progressive vision loss. Treatment is individualized. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022220 biolink:NamedThing Parinaud syndrome A rare syndrome affecting conjugate vertical eye movement. It is often caused by a dorsal midbrain neoplasm, commonly a pinealoma, but may also be attributable to demyelinating diseases or stroke. Clinical signs include limitation of upward gaze, light-near dissociation of the pupillary response, eyelid retraction (Collier's sign) and convergence-retraction nystagmus. Clinical course is dependent on effective treatment of underlying cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022308 biolink:NamedThing corticobasal degeneration disorder A progressive neurodegenerative condition affecting the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. The disorder is characterized by varying degrees of cognitive and motor impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022337 biolink:NamedThing AIDS dysmorphic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022357 biolink:NamedThing congenital acardia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022398 biolink:NamedThing aglossia and situs inversus A disease characterized by complete absence of tongue that can also be associated with limb deformities, syndromes and aberrant positioning of the visceral organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022401 biolink:NamedThing agyria pachygyria polymicrogyria Cortical malformations characterized by no gyri, broad gyri and/or an excessive number of abnormally small gyri that result in an irregular cortical surface with lumpy aspect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022402 biolink:NamedThing agyria-pachygyria type 1 A disorder of neuronal migration that is characterized by abnormal cortex morphology, with pathological features including a variably decreased brain size, enlarged ventricles representing a stage of fetal development rather than hydrocephalus, heterotopia of the inferior olivary bodies that lie between the corpus pontobulbare and their normal location, aberrant or absent corticospinal tract, heterotopia of cerebellar granules and abnormally shaped dentate nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022403 biolink:NamedThing Ahumada Del Castillo syndrome A syndrome characterized by galactorrhea and amenorrhea with symptoms of estrogenic insufficiency and absence of urinary gonadotropins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022413 biolink:NamedThing Albright-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022414 biolink:NamedThing allain-babin-demarquez syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022417 biolink:NamedThing alopecia congenita keratosis palmoplantaris DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022424 biolink:NamedThing alpha-mannosidosis type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022425 biolink:NamedThing alpha-thalassemia-abnormal morphogenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022428 biolink:NamedThing aluminosis Aluminosis is characterized as diffuse interstitial fibrosis which is mainly located in the upper and middle lobes of the lung. In advanced stages it is characterized by subpleural bullous emphysema with an increased risk of spontaneous pneumothorax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022435 biolink:NamedThing Mauriac syndrome A complication of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus in children characterized by linear growth impairment, glycogenic hepatopathy, and Cushingoid features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022456 biolink:NamedThing ankle defects short stature DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022457 biolink:NamedThing ankyloblepharon filiforme imperforate anus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022458 biolink:NamedThing annular constricting bands A syndrome characterized by congenital constriction bands, often deformity of the nails with distally located bands, and commonly a malformation of the hand. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022461 biolink:NamedThing anophthalmia cleft palate micrognathia A syndrome characterized by bilateral anophthalmos, hypospadias, bifid scrotum, micrognathia, and cleft palate with normal chromosomes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022462 biolink:NamedThing anophthalmia esophageal atresia cryptorchidism A syndrome characterized by bilateral anophthalmia, esophageal atresia, and cryptorchidism. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022465 biolink:NamedThing anotia facial palsy cardiac defect A syndrome characterized by anotia (congenital absence of the pinna) with a normal cochlea and vestibular apparatus, with facial paralysis caused by congenital absence of the entire right facial nerve, and congenital heart disease, which may present as atrioventricular septal defects or variations of tetralogy of Fallot. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022470 biolink:NamedThing aortic dissection lentiginosis A syndrome characterized by arterial dissections, multiple lentigines, and cystic medial necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022471 biolink:NamedThing childhood aortic valve stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022496 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis IUGR thoracic dystrophy A syndrome characterized by severe intrauterine growth retardation, psychomotor delay and recurrent infections, craniofacial dysostosis, a progeroid appearance, arthrogryposis and camptodactylia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022500 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis multiplex congenita CNS calcification A syndrome characterized by congenital contractures, scarce facial expressions, central nervous system dysfunction, and early death, as well as extensive deposits of calcium compounds in the nervous system and of skeletal muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022504 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis spinal muscular atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022509 biolink:NamedThing asternia Asternia, also known as a complete congenital sternal cleft, is a condition in which a bone called thesternum does not form properly.The sternumusuallyconnects to the ribs to form the ribcage. Individuals with asternia are missing this bone and may appear to have a rut or trench under the skin in the middle of the chest. Most individuals with asternia have no symptoms, though some may have difficulty breathing. Asternia is sometimes associated with other conditions, such as heart problems. The cause of asternia is currently unknown. Treatment consists of surgery to close the gap between the ribs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022510 biolink:NamedThing atlanto-axial fusion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022513 biolink:NamedThing atrophoderma of Pierini and Pasini Atrophoderma of Pierini and Pasini is thought to possibly represent a late stage of morphea a type of localized scleroderma. Signs and symptoms ofatrophoderma of Pierini and Pasini include multiple oval, darkened (hyperpigmented) plaques in which tissue under the skin breaks downso that there is a depression (dent) within the skin. Some findings suggest that atrophoderma of Pierini and Pasini may be associated with B burgdorferi, a bacteria that causesLyme disease, in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022545 biolink:NamedThing Barnicoat Baraitser syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022551 biolink:NamedThing Basedow's coma A polygenic and multifactorial disease that develops as a result of a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental and endogenous factors, which leads to the loss of immune tolerance to thyroid antigens and in particular to the TSH receptor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022553 biolink:NamedThing BD syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022555 biolink:NamedThing Beardwell syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022567 biolink:NamedThing bhaskar jagannathan syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022568 biolink:NamedThing bidirectional tachycardia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022575 biolink:NamedThing biliary hypoplasia A syndromic disease characterised by a small ductal system and reduction in the number of interlobular bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022576 biolink:NamedThing bilirubin induced brain injury in the newborn DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022577 biolink:NamedThing Billet bear syndrome A congenital malformation syndrome characterized by partial duplication of the left lower limb and aplasia of the ipsilateral kidney, plus other congenital malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022580 biolink:NamedThing blepharo naso facial syndrome van Maldergem type A syndrome characterized by expressionless facies, thickened facial skin, telecanthus with blepharophimosis, lacrimal duct anomalies, unusual nasal shape, and mild excess interdigital webbing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022587 biolink:NamedThing bone dysplasia corpus callosum agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022598 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly absence of distal phalanges DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022599 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly anonychia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022602 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly small stature face anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022603 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly tibial hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022608 biolink:NamedThing brittle bone syndrome lethal type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022610 biolink:NamedThing bronchiectasis oligospermia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022612 biolink:NamedThing Brunsting-Perry syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022613 biolink:NamedThing bruyn scheltens syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022615 biolink:NamedThing burn goodship syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022633 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly joint contractures and facial skeletal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022634 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly vertebral fusion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022639 biolink:NamedThing Cantu sanchez-corona Garcia-Cruz syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022644 biolink:NamedThing cardiac hydatid cysts with intracavitary expansion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022645 biolink:NamedThing cardioencephalomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022646 biolink:NamedThing cardiofacial syndrome short limbs DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022647 biolink:NamedThing cardiomelic syndrome stratton Koehler type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022648 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy and deafness due to tRNA lysine gene mutation A specific change in the MTTK gene causes a condition characterized by weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) and hearing loss. Affected individuals may also have myopathy and ataxia. This mutation replaces the DNA building block (nucleotide) guanine with the nucleotide adenine at position 8363 (written as G8363A) within the gene. It is unclear how this alteration in the MTTK gene results in cardiomyopathy, hearing loss, and other symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022650 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy diabetes deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022654 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy hypogonadism collagenoma syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022656 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy spherocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022662 biolink:NamedThing carpo tarsal osteolysis recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022666 biolink:NamedThing cassavism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022675 biolink:NamedThing cataract skeletal anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022682 biolink:NamedThing cennamo gangemi syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022685 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022691 biolink:NamedThing cerebello-olivary atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022693 biolink:NamedThing cerebral calcification cerebellar hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022694 biolink:NamedThing cerebral calcifications opalescent teeth phosphaturia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022712 biolink:NamedThing oculo digital syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022723 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022733 biolink:NamedThing choreoacanthocytosis amyotrophic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022734 biolink:NamedThing chorioretinopathy dominant form microcephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022739 biolink:NamedThing Christian demyer franken syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022740 biolink:NamedThing Christian Johnson angenieta syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022761 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 3 duplication syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022765 biolink:NamedThing chronic demyelinizing neuropathy with IgM monoclonal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022769 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia-bronchiectasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022770 biolink:NamedThing circumscribed cutaneous aplasia of the vertex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022771 biolink:NamedThing circumscribed disseminated keratosis Jadassohn lew type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022775 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip and palate malrotation cardiopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022776 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip and/or palate with mucous cysts of lower DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022777 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip palate dysmorphism kumar type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022778 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip palate intellectual disability corneal opacity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022779 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip palate oligodontia syndactyly pili torti DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022780 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip palate pituitary deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022781 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip palate-tetraphocomelia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022782 biolink:NamedThing cleft lower lip cleft lateral canthi chorioretinal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022785 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate cardiac defect ectrodactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022786 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate colobomata radial synostosis deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022787 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate heart disease polydactyly absent tibia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022790 biolink:NamedThing cleft tongue DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022791 biolink:NamedThing coarse face hypotonia constipation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022798 biolink:NamedThing Cohen lockood wyborney syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022800 biolink:NamedThing type 2 collagenopathy Any disease or disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL2A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022802 biolink:NamedThing Collins-Sakati syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022803 biolink:NamedThing coloboma porencephaly hydronephrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022804 biolink:NamedThing colobomata unilobar lung heart defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022805 biolink:NamedThing colonic malakoplakia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022809 biolink:NamedThing Colver Steer Godman syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022810 biolink:NamedThing Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022815 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022817 biolink:NamedThing congenital amputation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022818 biolink:NamedThing congenital aneurysms of the great vessels DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022819 biolink:NamedThing congenital arteriovenous shunt DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022820 biolink:NamedThing congenital articular rigidity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022821 biolink:NamedThing congenital benign spinal muscular atrophy dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022822 biolink:NamedThing congenital cardiovascular shunt DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022823 biolink:NamedThing congenital contractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022824 biolink:NamedThing congenital craniosynostosis maternal hyperthyroiditis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022825 biolink:NamedThing congenital cystic eye DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022831 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart disease ptosis hypodontia craniostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022832 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart disease radio ulnar synostosis intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022843 biolink:NamedThing congenital mumps DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022849 biolink:NamedThing congenital stenosis of cervical medullary canal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022851 biolink:NamedThing Dennis-Fairhurst-Moore syndrome A severe form of Hallermann-Streiff syndrome, observed in one family. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022854 biolink:NamedThing congenital unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022855 biolink:NamedThing congenital vagal hyperreflexivity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022858 biolink:NamedThing continuous spike-wave during slow sleep syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022862 biolink:NamedThing cormier rustin munnich syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022863 biolink:NamedThing corneal crystals myopathy neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022865 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy ichthyosis microcephaly intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022866 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy pigmentary anomaly malabsorption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022869 biolink:NamedThing coronary arteries congenital malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022875 biolink:NamedThing cortada Koussef Matsumoto syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022876 biolink:NamedThing Cortes Lacassie syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022883 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial and skeletal defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022884 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial dysostosis arthrogryposis progeroid appearence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022887 biolink:NamedThing craniofrontonasal syndrome Teebi type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022889 biolink:NamedThing craniostenosis with congenital heart disease intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022899 biolink:NamedThing crawfurd syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022908 biolink:NamedThing cutis gyratum acanthosis nigricans craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022909 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa osteoporosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022913 biolink:NamedThing cutler bass Romshe syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022932 biolink:NamedThing Davenport-Donlan syndrome An n-of-1 disease characterized by hearing loss, almost white hair, a psoriasiform rash with hyperkaratotic papillomata, muscle contractures, and depressed granulocyte and monocyte chemotaxis, dominant hearing loss, white hair, contractures, hyperkeratotic papillomata, and muscle contractures, and depressed granulocyte and monocyte chemotaxis. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022934 biolink:NamedThing Davis Lafer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022936 biolink:NamedThing de Hauwere Leroy adriaenssens syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022937 biolink:NamedThing deafness conductive stapedial ear malformation facial palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022938 biolink:NamedThing deafness goiter stippled epiphyses DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022941 biolink:NamedThing deafness hypospadias metacarpal and metatarsal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022942 biolink:NamedThing deafness mesenteric diverticula of small bowel neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022945 biolink:NamedThing deafness peripheral neuropathy arterial disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022946 biolink:NamedThing deafness progressive cataract autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022960 biolink:NamedThing dermatocardioskeletal syndrome boronne type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022968 biolink:NamedThing dextrocardia with situs inversus Dextrocardia with situs inversus is a condition that is characterized by abnormal positioning of the heart and other internal organs. In people affected by dextrocardia, the tip of the heart points towards the right side of the chest instead of the left side. Situs inversus refers to the mirror-image reversal of the organs in the chest and abdominal cavity. Some affected people have no obvious signs or symptoms. However, a small percentage of people also have congenital heart defects, usually transposition of the great vessels. Dextrocardia with situs inversus can also be associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia (also known as Kartagener syndrome). Treatment typically depends on the heart or physical problems the person may have in addition to dextrocardia with situs inversus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022971 biolink:NamedThing diabetes persistent mullerian ducts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022975 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic agenesis radial aplasia omphalocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022977 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic hernia exomphalos corpus callosum agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022978 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic hernia upper limb defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022981 biolink:NamedThing die Smulders droog van dijk syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022982 biolink:NamedThing die Smulders Vles Fryns syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022989 biolink:NamedThing diomedi bernardi placidi syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022990 biolink:NamedThing diphallus rachischisis imperforate anus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022999 biolink:NamedThing distichiasis heart congenital anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023002 biolink:NamedThing double discordia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023005 biolink:NamedThing double uterus-hemivagina-renal agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023013 biolink:NamedThing Duker-Weiss-Siber syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023015 biolink:NamedThing duodenal atresia tetralogy of fallot DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023016 biolink:NamedThing duplication of leg mirror foot DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023017 biolink:NamedThing duplication of the thumb unilateral biphalangeal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023018 biolink:NamedThing dupont sellier chochillon syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023019 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism bluish sclerae DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023020 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism deafness retinitis pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023021 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism lethal type advanced bone age DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023022 biolink:NamedThing dwarfism thin bones multiple fractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023030 biolink:NamedThing dysmorphism cleft palate loose skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023035 biolink:NamedThing Eagle syndrome Eagle syndrome is characterized by recurrent pain in the middle part of the throat (oropharynx) and face. 'Classic Eagle syndrome' is typically seen in patients after throat trauma or tonsillectomy. Symptoms include dull and persistent throat pain that may radiate to the ear and worsen with rotation of the head. Other symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, feeling that there is something stuck in the throat, tinnitus, and neck or facial pain. A second form of Eagle syndrome unrelated to tonsillectomy causes compression of the vessel that carries blood to the brain, neck, and face (carotid artery). This form can cause headache. Eagle syndrome is due to a calcified stylohyoid ligament or an elongated styloid process. The styloid process is a pointed part of the temporal bone that serves as an anchor point for several muscles associated with the tongue and larynx. The mainstay treatment for Eagle syndrome is surgery to shorten the styloid process (styloidectomy). Medical management may include the use of pain and anti-inflammatory medications, antidepressants, and/or steroids. The overall success rate for treatment (medical or surgical) is about 80%. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023038 biolink:NamedThing eccentrochondrodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023050 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly cardiopathy dysmorphism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023059 biolink:NamedThing Elliott ludman Teebi syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023061 biolink:NamedThing enamel hypoplasia cataract hydrocephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023062 biolink:NamedThing encephalocele anencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023066 biolink:NamedThing enchondromatosis dwarfism deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023068 biolink:NamedThing engelhard yatziv syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023069 biolink:NamedThing enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023079 biolink:NamedThing epidermal nevus vitamin D resistant rickets DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023083 biolink:NamedThing epimetaphyseal dysplasia cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023084 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia dysmorphism camptodactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023091 biolink:NamedThing esophageal atresia coloboma talipes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023098 biolink:NamedThing extrasystoles short stature hyperpigmentation microcephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023100 biolink:NamedThing facial clefting corpus callosum agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023101 biolink:NamedThing facio digito genital syndrome recessive form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023102 biolink:NamedThing facio skeletal genital syndrome rippberger type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023111 biolink:NamedThing familial capillaro-venous leptomeningeal angiomatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023124 biolink:NamedThing familial pulmonary arterial hypertension leucopenia and atrial septal defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023133 biolink:NamedThing Faye-Petersen-Ward-Carey syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023137 biolink:NamedThing feigenbaum Bergeron syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023138 biolink:NamedThing Feingold trainer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023140 biolink:NamedThing fenton Wilkinson Toselano syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023142 biolink:NamedThing fetal brain disruption sequence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023143 biolink:NamedThing fetal enterovirus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023147 biolink:NamedThing fetal parainfluenza virus type 3 syndrome A syndrome caused by HPIV-3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023148 biolink:NamedThing fetal phenothiazine syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023154 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis multiple non ossifying DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023155 biolink:NamedThing fibula aplasia complex brachydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023157 biolink:NamedThing fibular hypoplasia scapulo pelvic dysplasia absent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023158 biolink:NamedThing Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (FHCS) is a condition in which a woman has swelling of the tissue covering the liver as a result of having pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Symptoms most often include pain in the upper right abdomen just below the ribs, fever, nausea, or vomiting. The symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease - pain in the lower abdomen and vaginal discharge -are oftenpresent as well. FHCS is usually caused by an infection of chlamydia or gonorrhea that leads to PID; it is not known why PIDprogresses toFHCS in some women. Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is treatedwith antibiotics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023167 biolink:NamedThing focal alopecia congenital megalencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023170 biolink:NamedThing focal or multifocal malformations in neuronal migration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023171 biolink:NamedThing foix chavany Marie syndrome Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome (FCMS) is a cortico-subcortical suprabulbar or pseudobulbar palsy of the lower cranial nerves, characterized by severe dysarthria and dysphagia associated with bilateral central facio-pharyngo-glosso-masticatory paralysis, with prominent automatic-voluntary dissociation in which involuntary movements of the affected muscles are preserved. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023175 biolink:NamedThing Fontaine farriaux blanckaert syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023186 biolink:NamedThing Fraser Jequier Chen syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023188 biolink:NamedThing Freiberg disease Freiberg's disease is rare condition that primarily affects the second or third metatarsal (the long bones of the foot). Although people of all ages can be affected by this condition, Freiberg's disease is most commonly diagnosed during adolescence through the second decade of life. Common signs and symptoms include pain and stiffness in the front of the foot, which often leads to a limp. Affected people may also experience swelling, limited range of motion, and tenderness of the affected foot. Symptoms are generally triggered by weight-bearing activities, including walking. The exact underlying cause of Freiberg's disease is currently unknown. Treatment depends on many factors, including the severity of condition; the signs and symptoms present; and the age of the patient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023193 biolink:NamedThing Friedman Goodman syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023194 biolink:NamedThing frints de Smet Fabry Fryns syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023196 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal malformation cloacal exstrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023197 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal dysplasia Klippel feil syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023199 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal dysplasia phocomelic upper limbs DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023200 biolink:NamedThing Fryns Fabry Remans syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023201 biolink:NamedThing Fryns Smeets Thiry syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023203 biolink:NamedThing Fuchs atrophia gyrata chorioideae et retinae DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023204 biolink:NamedThing Fukuda-Miyanomae-Nakata syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023208 biolink:NamedThing Fuqua Berkovitz syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023212 biolink:NamedThing Garret-Tripp syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023214 biolink:NamedThing gas bloat syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023221 biolink:NamedThing Gaucher ichthyosis restrictive dermopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023226 biolink:NamedThing gershinibaruch Leibo syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023230 biolink:NamedThing Ghose-Sachdev-Kumar syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023240 biolink:NamedThing gigantism advanced bone age hoarse cry DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023255 biolink:NamedThing glossopalatine ankylosis micrognathia ear anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023267 biolink:NamedThing goldstein hutt syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023272 biolink:NamedThing goniodysgenesis intellectual disability short stature DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023288 biolink:NamedThing green sandford davison syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023290 biolink:NamedThing grix Blankenship Peterson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023368 biolink:NamedThing Ho-Kaufman-McAlister syndrome Cleft palate, micrognathia, Wormian bones, congenital heart disease, dislocated hips, absent tibiae, bowed fibulae, preaxial polydactyly of the feet DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023510 biolink:NamedThing Jaffer-Beighton syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023540 biolink:NamedThing Kashani-Strom-Utley syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023541 biolink:NamedThing Kasznica-Carlson-Coppedge syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023561 biolink:NamedThing Koone-Rizzo-Elias syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023567 biolink:NamedThing Kozlowski Brown Hardwick syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023569 biolink:NamedThing Kozlowski Ouvrier syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023571 biolink:NamedThing Kozlowski Rafinski Klicharska syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023573 biolink:NamedThing Kozlowski Warren Fisher syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023575 biolink:NamedThing Krauss Herman Holmes syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023577 biolink:NamedThing Krieble Bixler syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023579 biolink:NamedThing Kuster Majewski Hammerstein syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023581 biolink:NamedThing Kuster syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023605 biolink:NamedThing Laugier-Hunziker syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023607 biolink:NamedThing Laurence-Prosser-Rocker syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023609 biolink:NamedThing le Marec-Bracq-Picaud syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023628 biolink:NamedThing levator syndrome Levator syndrome is characterized by sporadic pain in the rectum caused by spasm of a muscle near the anus (the levator ani muscle). The muscle spasm causes pain that typically is not related to defecation. The pain usually lasts less than 20 minutes. Pain may be brief and intense or a vague ache high in the rectum. It may occur spontaneously or with sitting and can waken a person from sleep. The pain may feel as if it would be relieved by the passage of gas or a bowel movement. In severe cases, the pain can persist for many hours and can recur frequently. A person may have undergone various unsuccessful rectal operations to relieve these symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023696 biolink:NamedThing Marinesco-Sjogren-like syndrome A disease with similar features to Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023809 biolink:NamedThing Milner-Khallouf-Gibson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024171 biolink:NamedThing radio-digito-facial dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024234 biolink:NamedThing Seckel like syndrome majoor-krakauer type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024418 biolink:NamedThing muscular fibrosis multifocal obstructed vessels DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024421 biolink:NamedThing short stature contractures hypotonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024429 biolink:NamedThing Alice in Wonderland syndrome A disorienting neuropsychological condition that affects perception. People experience size distortion such as micropsia, macropsia, pelopsia, or teleopsia. Size distortion may occur of other sensory modalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026730 biolink:NamedThing Basilicata-Akhtar syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034204 biolink:NamedThing syndromic congenital sodium diarrhea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034661 biolink:NamedThing syndromic biliary atresia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034820 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip and palate-craniofacial dysmorphism-congenital heart defect-hearing loss syndrome A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome without intellectual disability characterized by unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and craniofacial dysmorphism (including frontal bossing, hypertelorism, broad flat nasal bridge, cupped ears/thickened helices, and micrognathia). Additional manifestations are variable congenital cardiac anomalies, pectus excavatum, abnormalities of the hands and feet, ocular abnormalities (myopia, cataract, staphyloma), and conductive or sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034823 biolink:NamedThing oral-facial-digital syndrome with short stature and brachymesophalangy A rare ciliopathy characterized by oral anomalies (multiple oral frenula, missing incisors), facial dysmorphism (such as square face with small forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, and cleft lip, among other features), digital anomalies (brachydactyly, brachymesophalangy, polydactyly), and short stature. Additional reported manifestations include short femoral neck, bilateral cervical ribs, abnormal vertebral bodies, and gracile long bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034895 biolink:NamedThing congenital brachyesophagus-intrathoracic stomach-vertebral anomalies syndrome A rare syndromic esophageal malformation characterized by severe congenital brachyesophagus with midline diaphragmatic hernia and secondary intrathoracic stomach, and vertebral anomalies (in particular rachischisis of the cervical/thoracic spine). Additional reported manifestations include intrauterine growth restriction, short neck, intestinal malrotation, herniation of other abdominal organs, and cleft lip, among others. The condition is mostly fatal in the neonatal or early infantile period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034989 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-cardiac anomalies-short stature-joint laxity syndrome A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction, global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features (such as broad nasal root, anteverted nares, long philtrum, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, and short neck). Additional reported manifestations are microcephaly, short stature, vertebral abnormalities, joint laxity, ocular, cardiac, and renal defects, and minor limb anomalies. Brain imaging may show hypoplastic corpus callosum, delayed myelination, and cerebral atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034991 biolink:NamedThing intrauterine growth restriction-congenital multiple café-au-lait macules-increased sister chromatid exchange syndrome A rare genetic disease characterized by the presence of multiple café-au-lait macules and elevated rates of sister chromatid exchange demonstrated on cytogenetic testing. Pre- and postnatal growth deficiency with short stature, microcephaly, mild developmental delay, cardiomyopathy, and symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux have also been described, while malar rash is typically absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035018 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal dysplasia-bifid nose-upper limb anomalies syndrome A rare syndromic frontonasal dysplasia characterized by distinctive facial dysmorphic features including hypertelorism, almond-shaped palpebral fissures, nasal deformity with creased ridge, depressed or absent tip, and asymmetry and partial absence of nasal bones, and downturned corners of the mouth. Additional reported manifestations are limb anomalies (e. g. Poland anomaly, transverse limb agenesis, and anomalies of the hands and feet, such as camptodactyly, oligodactyly, clinodactyly, and syndactyly), frontonasal encephalocele, choanal atresia, congenital renal/cardiac malformations, and corpus callosum agenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035027 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-facial dysmorphism-ocular anomalies-multiple congenital anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035105 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic hernia-short bowel-asplenia syndrome A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by congenital diaphragmatic hernia, short bowel, and asplenia. Dysmorphic facial features include long forehead, hypertelorism, upturned nares, and small mandible. Atresia of the duodenum has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035122 biolink:NamedThing GRIN2B-related developmental delay, intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035454 biolink:NamedThing B-cell immunodeficiency-limb anomaly-urogenital malformation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035586 biolink:NamedThing Cramp-fasciculation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035651 biolink:NamedThing choanal atresia-athelia-hypothyroidism-delayed puberty-short stature syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035661 biolink:NamedThing TRAF7-associated heart defect-digital anomalies-facial dysmorphism-motor and speech delay syndrome A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay or regression, variable congenital heart defects (such as patent ductus arteriosus, atrial or ventricular septal defects, and double outlet right ventricle, among others), and dysmorphic features (including ptosis, epicanthal folds, abnormally set/dysplastic ears, low hairline or excess nuchal skin, wide-spaced/inverted nipples, umbilical hernia or diastasis recti, and digital anomalies). Additional variable manifestations are hyper- or hypotonia, seizures, hearing loss, cortical blindness, and optic atrophy. Brain imaging may show cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and hydrocephalus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035682 biolink:NamedThing fibrous dysplasia/McCune-Albright syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035689 biolink:NamedThing syndrome of reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormone DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035706 biolink:NamedThing SETD2-related microcephaly-severe intellectual disability-multiple congenital anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035707 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-intellectual disability syndrome/genitopatellar overlap syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035775 biolink:NamedThing CCNK-related neurodevelopmental disorder-severe intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035819 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar hypoplasia-intellectual disability-congenital microcephaly-dystonia-anemia-growth retardation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035823 biolink:NamedThing KLHL7-related Bohring-Opitz-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035824 biolink:NamedThing KLHL7-related cold-induced sweating-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042498 biolink:NamedThing Ruzicka-Goerz-Anton syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042600 biolink:NamedThing Sammartino-Decreccio syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042601 biolink:NamedThing Samson-Gardner syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042602 biolink:NamedThing Samson-Viljoen syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042603 biolink:NamedThing Sanderson-Fraser syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042604 biolink:NamedThing Sandhaus-Ben-Ami syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042705 biolink:NamedThing prostatic malacoplakia associated with prostatic abscess DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042717 biolink:NamedThing Saul-Wilkes-Stevenson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042724 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly, intellectual disability, short stature, spastic paraplegia and cns malformations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042726 biolink:NamedThing macrogyria, pseudobulbar palsy and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042902 biolink:NamedThing Say-Carpenter syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042911 biolink:NamedThing Schwartz-Cohen-addad-Lambert syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042912 biolink:NamedThing Schlegelberger-Grote syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042913 biolink:NamedThing Schrander-stumpel-Theunissen-Hulsmans syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042924 biolink:NamedThing Vagneur-Triolle-Ripert syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042956 biolink:NamedThing Saal-Bulas syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042960 biolink:NamedThing Sackey-Sakati-Aur syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042962 biolink:NamedThing Slti-Salem syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043069 biolink:NamedThing Zerres Rietschel Majewski syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043073 biolink:NamedThing Zadik-Barak-Levin syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043087 biolink:NamedThing thickened earlobes with conductive deafness from incus-stapes abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043108 biolink:NamedThing infantile striato thalamic degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043114 biolink:NamedThing Landy-Donnai syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043129 biolink:NamedThing merlob grunebaum reisner syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043170 biolink:NamedThing Pavone Fiumara Rizzo syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043172 biolink:NamedThing pfeiffer rockelein syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043174 biolink:NamedThing Pfeiffer Tietze Welte syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043176 biolink:NamedThing phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043179 biolink:NamedThing piepkorn karp hickok syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043183 biolink:NamedThing podder-tolmie syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043185 biolink:NamedThing pointer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043193 biolink:NamedThing richieri-costa guion-almeida cohen syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043195 biolink:NamedThing Rubinstein Taybi like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043197 biolink:NamedThing ruvalcaba churesigaew myhre syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043199 biolink:NamedThing short limb dwarf lethal colavita kozlowski type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043247 biolink:NamedThing Mallory-Weiss syndrome A disorder characterized by upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding caused by longitudinal mucosal tears in the gastroesophageal junction. The tears result from retching or forceful coughing. It was initially described in alcoholics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043320 biolink:NamedThing piriformis syndrome A condition referring to irritation or compression of the proximal sciatic nerve, secondary to contraction of the piriformis muscle. It results in pain in the hip or the back of the leg mimicking disk-related sciatica. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043358 biolink:NamedThing engraftment syndrome A toxicity of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that manifests as fever, rash and pulmonary deterioration which becomes evident at marrow engraftment. It occurs unexpectedly and is occasionally fatal. It can occur after an autogeneic or an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043683 biolink:NamedThing Leriche syndrome An atherosclerotic disorder of the peripheral vascular system affecting mostly males in their later decades. It is caused by thrombotic occlusion of the abdominal aorta just above the level of the bifurcation. Clinical signs include impotence, intermittent claudication, diminished femoral pulses and cold, pallid lower extremities. Prognosis is favorable with surgical or endovascular intervention. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043726 biolink:NamedThing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome The development of potentially reversible physiologic derangement involving two or more organ systems not involved in the disorder that resulted in intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and arising in the wake of a potentially life-threatening physiologic insult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044033 biolink:NamedThing posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome An acute or subacute reversible condition characterized by headaches, mental status changes, visual disturbances, and seizures associated with imaging findings of posterior leukoencephalopathy. It has been observed in association with hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, and immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drug treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044079 biolink:NamedThing cardio-renal syndrome A disorder of the heart and kidneys in which dysfunction of one of the organs induces dysfunction of the other organ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044323 biolink:NamedThing Rahman syndrome Rahman syndrome is characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability associated with variable somatic overgrowth manifest as increased birth length, height, weight, and/or head circumference. The overgrowth is apparent in infancy and may lessen with time or persist. The phenotype is highly variable; some individuals may have other minor anomalies, including dysmorphic facial features, strabismus, or camptodactyly. The disorder is thought to result from a defect in epigenetic regulation (summary by {1:Tatton-Brown et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044617 biolink:NamedThing X-linked keloid scarring-reduced joint mobility-increased optic cup-to-disc ratio syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044876 biolink:NamedThing drug hypersensitivity syndrome A potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a pharmacologic substance that is characterized by rash, lymphadenopathy, fever, hematologic abnormalities and involvement of one or more internal organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054573 biolink:NamedThing Lopes-Maciel-Rodan syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054591 biolink:NamedThing Stankiewicz-Isidor syndrome A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, behavioral disorders, mild craniofacial anomalies, and variable congenital defects of the cardiac and/or urogenital systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100069 biolink:NamedThing hearing impairment and infertile male syndrome A syndromic genetic deafness characterized by segregation of nonsyndromic hearing loss in females and hearing loss with infertility in males. Affected males have been reported to have low count to absent sperm, immobile sperm, and/or sperm with abnormal morphology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100071 biolink:NamedThing cardiocutaneous syndrome Cardiocutaneous syndromes are those in which phenotypic manifestations occur in the heart, skin, and/or hair. Variation in the genes of interest may occur in both an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern and autosomal recessive, which may lead to earlier and/or more severe phenotypic presentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100072 biolink:NamedThing neonatal diabetes, congenital sensorineural hearing loss and congenital cataracts Neonatal diabetes, congenital sensorineural hearing loss and congenital cataracts is characterized by the three primary phenotypes of neonatal diabetes, congenital sensorineural hearing loss and congenital cataracts. Cases have reported additional varying phenotypes, including optic atrophy, hypothyroidism, severe neonatal hypotonia in males, developmental delay, facial abnormalities, and a few other more rare phenotypes. The severity and congenital onset of the phenotypes distinguish these patients from Wolfram-like syndrome patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100080 biolink:NamedThing cardioectodermal syndrome Cardioectodermal syndromes are those in which phenotypic manifestations occur in the heart, skin, and/or hair. Variation in the genes of interest may occur in both an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, or in an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern which may result in an earlier and/or more severe phenotypic presentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100094 biolink:NamedThing cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome A syndrome of cyclic vomiting associated with cannabis use. Fourteen diagnostic characteristics have been identified, and the frequency of major characteristics is as follows: history of regular cannabis for any duration of time (100%), cyclic nausea and vomiting (100%), resolution of symptoms after stopping cannabis (96.8%), compulsive hot baths with symptom relief (92.3%), male predominance (72.9%), abdominal pain (85.1%), and at least weekly cannabis use (97.4%). Supportive care with intravenous fluids, dopamine antagonists, topical capsaicin cream, and avoidance of narcotic medications has shown some benefit in the acute setting. Cannabis cessation appears to be the best treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100099 biolink:NamedThing retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction A syndrome characterized by the inability to belch, abdominal bloating and discomfort/nausea, or chest pain, especially after eating, socially awkward gurgling noises from the chest and lower neck as though the esophagus is churning and straining to eject the air, excessive flatulence, social inhibition, and difficulty vomiting (common but not universal). Botulinum toxin (BT) injection into the cricopharyngeus muscle (CPM) is done for both diagnosis and treatment of R-CPD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100109 biolink:NamedThing Zinner syndrome A rare condition comprising a triad of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle obstruction and ipsilateral ejaculatory duct obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100155 biolink:NamedThing retinal dystrophy-ataxia-pituitary hormone abnormality-hypogonadism syndrome An autosomal recessive, multisystem condition caused by pathogenic variants of the PNPLA6 gene, encoding the patatin like phospholipase domain containing 6 protein. RAPH syndrome is characterized by hypogonadism, cerebellar ataxia, retinal dystrophy, peripheral neuropathy, growth hormone deficiency, and cognitive impairment. Additional clinical features may include lower limb spasticity, trichomegaly, alopecia, and facial dismorphism. The term lumps Boucher-Neuhauser, Gordon Holmes, Laurence-Moon, and Oliver-McFarlene syndromes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100347 biolink:NamedThing carcinoid syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100492 biolink:NamedThing Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome A genetic syndrome which occurs in females. It is caused by the inheritance of only one complete X chromosome (45, X). Clinical signs of the symmetrical form are identical to those of Turner syndrome and include bilateral webbing of the neck and edema of the extremities. Clinical characteristics include decreased stature and under-developed sexual organs. Patients usually have a normal life expectancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700048 biolink:NamedThing hand-foot syndrome A condition characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and tingling in the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. It may appear as a side effect to chemotherapy agents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800195 biolink:NamedThing achalasia-alacrima syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800199 biolink:NamedThing Angelman syndrome chromosome region DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800294 biolink:NamedThing progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800300 biolink:NamedThing black locks with albinism and deafness syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800316 biolink:NamedThing contiguous ABCD1/DXS1375E deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850009 biolink:NamedThing syndromic microspherophakia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850049 biolink:NamedThing painful legs and moving toes syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850050 biolink:NamedThing congenital aphakia-iris hypoplasia-microphthalmia-microcornea syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850059 biolink:NamedThing hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850071 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay-immunodeficiency-leukoencephalopathy-hypohomocysteinemia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850087 biolink:NamedThing primary hypomagnesemia-generalized seizures-intellectual disability-obesity syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850090 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis-neurodegeneration-cerebral angiomatosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850115 biolink:NamedThing early-onset obesity-hyperphagia-severe developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010684 biolink:NamedThing X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy is a childhood-onset X-linked myopathy characterised by slow progression of muscle weakness and unique histopathological findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011362 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, myofibrillar, 9, with early respiratory failure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017931 biolink:NamedThing hereditary inclusion body myopathy type 4 Hereditary inclusion body myopathy type 4 is a rare non-dystrophic myopathy characterized by slowly progressive muscular weakness and atrophy initially involving proximal lower limbs and hip girdle and later on shoulder girdle, proximal upper limbs and axial muscles. Ambulation is usually preserved. Congophilic inclusions with cytoplasmic inclusions of 15-21 nm filaments on electron microscopy are revealed in muscle biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018206 biolink:NamedThing childhood-onset autosomal recessive myopathy with external ophthalmoplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019195 biolink:NamedThing hereditary inclusion body myopathy-joint contractures-ophthalmoplegia syndrome Hereditary inclusion body myopathy type 3 is characterised by congenital joint contractures (normalizing during early childhood), external ophthalmoplegia, and proximal muscle weakness. In adult cases, the muscular weakness is progressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019398 biolink:NamedThing desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008243 biolink:NamedThing Pick disease A rare neurodegenerative disorder leading to dementia. It is characterized by frontotemporal lobar degeneration with accumulation of tau proteins which form Pick bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011842 biolink:NamedThing GRN-related frontotemporal lobar degeneration with Tdp43 inclusions A frontotemporal dementia characterized by variable phenotypic expression typically including social, behavioral, or language deterioration, rather than memory or motor deficits and the presence of TARDBP-positive inclusions that has material basis in mutation in the GRN gene on chromosome 17q21.31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001071 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability A broad category of disorders characterized by an impairment to the intelligence an individual possesses. These impairments can result from trauma, birth, or disease and are not restricted to any particular age group. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000509 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic intellectual disability An intellectual disability that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100166 biolink:NamedThing PPP2R1A-related intellectual disability Any intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PPP2R1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100284 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability An X-linked intellectual deficiency in which not enough information is known, reported or published to indicate whether a gene causes non-syndromic or syndromic presentations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000510 biolink:NamedThing synucleinopathy A neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of aggregates of alpha-synuclein protein in neurons, nerve fibres or glial cells. [url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synucleinopathies ] DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005559 biolink:NamedThing neurodegenerative disease A disorder of the central nervous system characterized by gradual and progressive loss of neural tissue and neurologic function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001987 biolink:NamedThing senile degeneration of brain DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002017 biolink:NamedThing olivopontocerebellar atrophy A group of sporadic and inherited neurodegenerative disorders affecting the cerebellum, pons, and inferior olives. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002283 biolink:NamedThing neuroaxonal dystrophy A nonspecific term referring both to the pathologic finding of swelling of distal portions of axons in the brain and to disorders which feature this finding. Neuroaxonal dystrophy is seen in various genetic diseases, vitamin deficiencies, and aging. Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by arrested psychomotor development at 6 months to 2 years of age, ataxia, brain stem dysfunction, and quadriparesis. Juvenile and adult forms also occur. Pathologic findings include brain atrophy and widespread accumulation of axonal spheroids throughout the neuroaxis, peripheral nerves, and dental pulp. (From Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p927) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004884 biolink:NamedThing eye degenerative disorder A neurodegenerative disease that involves the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005574 biolink:NamedThing tauopathy Neurodegenerative disorders involving deposition of abnormal tau protein isoforms (tau proteins) in neurons and glial cells in the brain. Pathological aggregations of tau proteins are associated with mutation of the tau gene on chromosome 17 in patients with alzheimer disease; dementia; parkinsonian disorders; progressive supranuclear palsy (supranuclear palsy, progressive); and corticobasal degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006966 biolink:NamedThing secondary Parkinson disease A condition with a clinical picture similar to that of Parkinson disease, but which is caused by external factors, including medication. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007104 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism-dementia complex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015518 biolink:NamedThing infantile bilateral striatal necrosis Several syndromes of bilateral symmetric spongy degeneration of the caudate nucleaus, putamen and globus pallidus characterized by developmental regression, choreoathetosis and dystonia progressing to spastic quadriparesis. IBSN can be familial or sporadic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016370 biolink:NamedThing Marchiafava-Bignami disease Marchiafava Bignami disease is defined by characteristic demyelination of the corpus callosum (erosion of the protective covering of nerve fibers joining the 2 hemispheres of the brain). The disease seems to most often affect severe and chronic alcoholics in their middle or late adult life. Early symptoms may include depression, paranoia, psychosis, or dementia. Seizures are common, and hemiparesis, aphasia, abnormal movements, and ataxia may sometimesprogress to coma and/or death. The cause of Marchiafava Bignami disease, including the potential role of nutritional deficiency, remains unknown. Improvement and recovery of some individuals has been reported. Treatment focuses on nutritional support and rehabilitation from alcoholism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016594 biolink:NamedThing superficial siderosis Superficial siderosis is a rare neurologic disease characterized by progressive sensorineural hearing loss, cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs, and neuroimaging findings revealing hemosiderin deposits in the spinal and cranial leptomeninges and subpial layer. The disease progresses slowly and patients may present with mild cognitive impairment, nystagmus, dysmetria, spasticity, dysdiadochokinesia, dysarthria, hyperreflexia, and Babinski signs. Additional features reported include dementia, urinary incontinence, anosmia, ageusia, and anisocoria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017803 biolink:NamedThing primary progressive apraxia of speech DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018926 biolink:NamedThing human prion disease Prion diseases are a group of rare transmissible disorders characterized by progressive debilitating neurological manifestations due to spongiform changes with an invariably fatal course. The disorders all involve accumulation of an abnormal prion protein in the central nervous system with no specific immunological response. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most frequent form accounting for about 85% of prion disease cases. The other forms of prion disease are genetic (5-15%) and include inherited CJD, fatal familial insomnia (FFI), and Familial Alzheimer-like prion disease. Acquired forms (< 5%) include iatrogenic CJD and variant CJD (vCDJ). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019160 biolink:NamedThing primary progressive freezing gait Primary progressive freezing gait is a rare, heterogeneous, progressively incapacitating neurodegenerative disease characterized by freezing of gait (usually during the first 3 years), later associating postural instability, eventually resulting in a wheelchair-bound state. Other features may include mild bradykinesia, rigidity, postural tremor, hyperreflexia, speech disorder and dementia. The disease is unresponsive to dopaminergic treatments. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019806 biolink:NamedThing primary progressive aphasia Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a primary dissolution of language, with relative sparing of other mental faculties for at least the first 2 years of illness. PPA is recognized as the language variant in the frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum of disorders. PPA can be classified into 3 subtypes based on specific speech and language features: semantic dementia (SD), progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) and logopenic progressive aphasia (lv-PPA). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020708 biolink:NamedThing brachial amyotrophic diplegia A neurodegenerative condition characterized by asymmetric weakness in the upper extremities resulting from segmental lower motor neuron dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019065 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis A disorder characterized by the localized or diffuse accumulation of amyloid protein in various anatomic sites. It may be primary, due to clonal plasma cell proliferations; secondary, due to long standing infections, chronic inflammatory disorders, or malignancies; or familial. It may affect the nerves, skin, tongue, joints, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys and adrenal glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700038 biolink:NamedThing TDP-43 proteinopathy Disease characterized by the presence of abnormally phosphorylated, ubiquitinated, and cleaved DNA-binding protein TDP-43 in affected brain and spinal cord. Inclusions of the pathologic protein in neurons and glia, without the presence of AMYLOID, is the major feature of these conditions, thus making these proteinopathies distinct from most other neurogenerative disorders in which protein misfolding leads to brain amyloidosis. Both frontotemporal lobar degeneration and AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS exhibit this common method of pathogenesis and thus they may represent two extremes of a continuous clinicopathological spectrum of one disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000513 biolink:NamedThing bone ameloblastoma A ameloblastoma that involves the bone tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000631 biolink:NamedThing bone benign neoplasm A neoplasm that arises from the bone or articular cartilage and does not invade adjacent tissues or metastasize to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000516 biolink:NamedThing phalanx chondroma A chondroma that involves the phalanx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002119 biolink:NamedThing ossifying fibroma A well circumscribed lesion of the bone, most frequently arising from the posterior mandible. It is characterized by the presence of fibrous tissue and a mineralized component which may be woven bone, lamellar bone, or cementum-like material. Complete removal is recommended, since it continues to enlarge if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002359 biolink:NamedThing periosteal chondroma A benign neoplasm of bone surface composed of hyaline cartilage. It arises beneath the periosteum and is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, and calcification. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004997 biolink:NamedThing chondroblastoma A benign, chondroid-producing, well-circumscribed, lytic neoplasm usually arising from the epiphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of chondroblasts, osteoclast-like giant cells, chondroid formation, calcification, and mitotic activity. In aggressive cases, there is rearrangement of the 8q21 chromosome band. It occurs most frequently in children and young adults and rarely metastasizes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005166 biolink:NamedThing osteoma A benign, well-circumscribed, bone-forming neoplasm predominantly composed of lamellar bone. It usually arises from the calvarial, facial, or jaw bones. It is usually asymptomatic but it may cause local swelling or obstruction of the paranasal sinuses. Asymptomatic cases have an indolent clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006353 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus Schneiderian papilloma A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the paranasal sinuses. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007414 biolink:NamedThing Gorham-Stout disease Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare disease of massive osteolysis associated with proliferation and dilation of lymphatic vessels. GSD may affect any bone in the body and can be monostotic or polyostotic. Symptoms at presentation are dependent upon the location(s) of the disease; the most common symptom is localized pain. The disease may be discovered after a pathological fracture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009808 biolink:NamedThing osteoid osteoma A small, benign, bone-forming neoplasm that can arise from any bone but more frequently affects the long bones. The central portion of the neoplasm (nidus) contains differentiated osteoblasts which produce osteoid and sometimes bone. The lesion is usually surrounded by hypervascular sclerotic bone and has limited growth potential. Clinical signs and symptoms include pain and localized tenderness, at the site of the lesion. The pain may be intense but in the majority of cases it is completely alleviated by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Prognosis is excellent and recurrences are rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010621 biolink:NamedThing CHILD syndrome CHILD syndrome (Congenital Hemidysplasia with Ichthyosiform nevus and Limb Defects, CS) is an X-linked dominant genodermatosis characterized by unilateral inflammatory and scaling skin lesions with ipsilateral visceral and limb anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011744 biolink:NamedThing primary intraosseous venous malformation Primary intraosseous venous malformation is a rare, genetic vascular anomaly characterized by severe blood vessel expansion (most frequently within the craniofacial bones) with painless bone enlargement (usually of mandibule, maxilla and/or orbital, nasal, and frontal bones), typically resulting in facial asymmetry and contour deformation. Midline abnormalities, such as diastasis recti, supraumbilical raphe, and hiatus hernia, are commonly associated. Additional features reported include gingival bleeding, ectopic tooth eruption, exophthalmos, loss of vision, nausea, and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018447 biolink:NamedThing chondromyxoid fibroma An uncommon benign cartilaginous neoplasm arising from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped or stellate chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and sometimes multinucleated giant cells. It has been associated with chromosomal rearrangement of 6q13 and 6q25 bands. The most common clinical symptom is mild, localized pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018936 biolink:NamedThing osteoblastoma A rare benign bone-forming neoplasm usually arising from the spine. It is a well-circumscribed lytic tumor that varies in size. The tumor is composed of woven bone trabeculae and shares similar histologic characteristics with the osteoid osteoma. Surgical curettage is the treatment of choice. The prognosis is excellent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021439 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of pituitary gland A benign neoplasm that involves the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021477 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of sphenoidal sinus A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the sphenoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021483 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of frontal sinus A benign neoplasm that involves the frontal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021484 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of maxillary sinus A benign neoplasm that involves the maxillary sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021515 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of ethmoidal sinus A benign neoplasm that involves the ethmoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021522 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of lower jaw bone A benign neoplasm that involves the bone of lower jaw. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024686 biolink:NamedThing tenosynovial giant cell tumor, diffuse type A locally aggressive, diffusely infiltrating tumor, arising in the tendon sheath. It is composed of synovial-like mononuclear cells, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, foam cells, and inflammatory cells. Multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells are usually present, although in a minority of cases they may be absent or rare. It predominantly affects young adults. Symptoms include joint swelling, pain, and joint effusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017795 biolink:NamedThing ameloblastoma The most common odontogenic tumor, arising from the epithelial component of the embryonic tooth and usually affecting the molar-ramus region of the mandible or maxilla. Although most ameloblastomas are morphologically and clinically benign, they may cause extensive local destruction, recur, or metastasize. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006179 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic ameloblastoma An ameloblastoma with prominent desmoplastic stroma that causes compression of the neoplastic epithelial islands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006381 biolink:NamedThing plexiform ameloblastoma A histologic variant of solid/multicystic ameloblastoma characterized by the presence of basal cells forming anastomosing strands and cords in a delicate stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005096 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma A carcinoma arising from squamous epithelial cells. Morphologically, it is characterized by the proliferation of atypical, often pleomorphic squamous cells. Squamous cell carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Well differentiated carcinomas are usually associated with keratin production and the presence of intercellular bridges between adjacent cells. Representative examples are lung squamous cell carcinoma, skin squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000993 biolink:NamedThing prostate squamous cell carcinoma An invasive prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of squamous differentiation of the malignant cellular infiltrate. There is no evidence of glandular differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001419 biolink:NamedThing trachea squamous cell carcinoma A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal lining of the trachea. It usually grows as an intraluminal mass and later invades extraluminal structures. The majority of patients present with hemoptysis, coughing, dyspnea, or stridor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001651 biolink:NamedThing scrotum squamous cell carcinoma A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the scrotum. It has been associated with exposure to environmental and industrial carcinogens. The prognosis depends on the extent of lymph node involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002529 biolink:NamedThing skin squamous cell carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the squamous cells of the epidermis. Skin squamous cell carcinoma is most commonly found on sun-exposed areas. The majority of the tumors are well-differentiated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002760 biolink:NamedThing bladder squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder arising from metaplastic epithelium. It represents less than 10% of bladder carcinomas. The exception is the Middle East along the Nile Valley, where it represents the most common form of carcinoma because of the endemic nature of schistosomiasis. Bladder squamous cell carcinoma is often associated with long-standing chronic inflammation of the bladder and usually has a poor prognosis. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder should be reserved for those tumors that are predominantly keratin forming. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002764 biolink:NamedThing urethra squamous cell carcinoma A well differentiated, moderately differentiated, or poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the male or female urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002979 biolink:NamedThing papillary squamous carcinoma A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary, exophytic growth pattern and hyperkeratosis. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the larynx, penis, cervix, vagina, and vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003486 biolink:NamedThing basaloid squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, scant amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003487 biolink:NamedThing pseudoglandular squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the formation of gland-like structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003493 biolink:NamedThing thymus squamous cell carcinoma A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of keratinizing or non-keratinizing malignant squamous cells. Approximately 10-20% of cases occur in combination with thymoma. The prognosis depends on the tumor stage and the degree of cellular differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003494 biolink:NamedThing ovarian squamous cell carcinoma A usually high grade squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is not associated with a germ cell tumor. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003497 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003502 biolink:NamedThing ureter squamous cell carcinoma A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003503 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube squamous cell carcinoma A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005056 biolink:NamedThing keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinomas with morphologically prominent production of keratin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005097 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell lung carcinoma A carcinoma arising from squamous bronchial epithelial cells. It may be keratinizing or non-keratinizing. Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by the presence of keratinization, pearl formation, and/or intercellular bridges. Non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by the absence of keratinization, pearl formation, and intercellular bridges. Cigarette smoking and arsenic exposure are strongly associated with squamous cell lung carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005580 biolink:NamedThing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a type of esophageal carcinoma (EC) that can affect any part of the esophagus, but is usually located in the upper or middle third. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006056 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell breast carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is entirely composed of squamous cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006074 biolink:NamedThing adenosquamous carcinoma A carcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells and malignant squamous cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006143 biolink:NamedThing cervical squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the cervical epithelium. It usually evolves from a precancerous cervical lesion. Increased numbers of sexual partners and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are risk factors for cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The following histologic patterns have been described: conventional squamous cell carcinoma, papillary squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, condylomatous carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma. Survival is most closely related to the stage of disease at the time of diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006165 biolink:NamedThing colorectal squamous cell carcinoma A very rare colorectal carcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant squamous cell infiltrate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006198 biolink:NamedThing endometrial squamous cell carcinoma A primary carcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of malignant squamous cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006230 biolink:NamedThing gastric squamous cell carcinoma A rare carcinoma of the stomach resembling squamous cell carcinomas arising elsewhere in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006467 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland squamous cell carcinoma A rapidly growing primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland composed of malignant squamous cells. The clinical course is usually aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006490 biolink:NamedThing vaginal squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the vagina. Human papillomavirus infection is associated with the development of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Signs and symptoms include painless bleeding, postcoital bleeding, and urinary tract symptoms. Morphologically it resembles squamous cell carcinomas in other anatomic sites. Radiation therapy is the preferred treatment for most cases. The prognosis is related to the stage of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010150 biolink:NamedThing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from any of the following anatomic sites: lip and oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and salivary glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016266 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of the corpus uteri A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018352 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of penis A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the penis. It occurs chiefly in the squamous epithelium of the glans, coronal sulcus, and foreskin. Etiologic factors include phimosis, lichen sclerosus, smoking, ultraviolet irradiation, history of warts or condylomas, and lack of circumcision. Human papilloma virus is present in a subset of penile squamous cell carcinomas. Patients may present with an exophytic or flat ulcerative mass in the glans or a large primary tumor with inguinal nodal and skin metastases. Morphologic variants include the basaloid carcinoma, warty (condylomatous) carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, and sarcomatoid (spindle cell) carcinoma. (WHO, 2004) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018509 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of the small intestine A carcinoma that arises from the small intestine. It is composed of malignant squamous cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018521 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of pancreas A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018534 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract Squamous cell carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract is an extremely rare, primary, malignant liver and biliray tract epithelial tumor originating in the intrahepatic bile duct epithelium histologically characterized by the presence of keratinization and/or intracellular bridges. Patients typically present abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, fever and/or dyspepsia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018537 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract Squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract is a rare hepatic and biliary tract tumor, arising either in the gallbladder itself or in the epithelium lining the extrahepatic biliary tree, the cystic duct and peribiliary glands. It is characterized by a substantial keratinization with abundant keratohyalin pearls and central deposition of dense keratin material within infiltrative nests and locally aggressive nature. In the early stages of the disease symptoms are vague and nonspecific (abdominal pain, jaundice and vomiting). In the advanced stages it may present with a bulky tumor and symptoms of adjacent organ involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020657 biolink:NamedThing human papillomavirus-related squamous cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021663 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma A poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024609 biolink:NamedThing vulvar squamous cell carcinoma An invasive squamous cell carcinoma arising from the vulva. Risk factors include the human papilloma virus and cigarette smoking. Precursor lesions include the vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, lichen sclerosus with associated squamous cell hyperplasia, and chronic granulomatous vulvar disease such as granuloma inguinale. Symptoms include vulvar pruritus or irritation, discharge, bleeding, and pain. The following morphologic variants have been identified: keratinizing, non-keratinizing, basaloid, warty, verrucous, keratoacanthoma-like, and squamous cell carcinoma with tumor giant cells. Risk factors for recurrence include advanced stage, tumor diameter greater than 2.5 cm, multifocality, capillary-like space involvement, associated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3, and margins of resection involved by tumor. (WHO, 2003) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044907 biolink:NamedThing metastatic squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000515 biolink:NamedThing bone chondrosarcoma A chondrosarcoma (disease) that involves the bone tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002129 biolink:NamedThing bone cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the bone or articular cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000639 biolink:NamedThing cartilage cancer A cancer involving a cartilage tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000953 biolink:NamedThing cancer of short bone of lower limb DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001691 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal cartilage cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the laryngeal cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002132 biolink:NamedThing skull cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the skull. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002630 biolink:NamedThing small cell osteogenic sarcoma An osteosarcoma usually arising from the metaphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of small cells and osteoid production. The prognosis is usually unfavorable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002981 biolink:NamedThing peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of bone A small round cell tumor with neural differentiation arising from the bone. It may be associated with pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003273 biolink:NamedThing sternum cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the sternum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003933 biolink:NamedThing chest wall bone cancer An uncommon malignant neoplasm that arises from the chest wall bones. Representative examples include chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004374 biolink:NamedThing adult extraskeletal osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the soft tissue, and occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005507 biolink:NamedThing gingival cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the gums. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017814 biolink:NamedThing primary bone lymphoma A rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma or even more rarely, a Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the bone, without lymph node or other extranodal involvement. The femur, spine, and pelvic bones are the most commonly affected sites. The majority of patients present with bone pain in the affected area. A single bone or multiple skeletal sites may be involved. The prognosis is related to the cell type and the stage of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021054 biolink:NamedThing bone sarcoma A sarcoma that arises from the bone. Representative examples are osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021138 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow cancer Malignant neoplasms that either originate from the bone marrow (e.g. myeloid leukemias) or involve the bone marrow as secondary-metastatic tumors (e.g. metastatic carcinomas to the bone marrow). --2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024311 biolink:NamedThing cancer affecting bone of limb skeleton A cancer that involves the limb bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008977 biolink:NamedThing chondrosarcoma A malignant cartilaginous matrix-producing mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the bone and soft tissue. It usually affects middle-aged to elderly adults. The pelvic bones, ribs, shoulder girdle, and long bones are the most common sites of involvement. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003681 biolink:NamedThing myxoid chondrosarcoma A chondrosarcoma characterized by the presence of myxoid changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003682 biolink:NamedThing localized chondrosarcoma A non-disseminated skeletal or extraskeletal chondrosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006853 biolink:NamedThing mesenchymal chondrosarcoma A morphologic variant of chondrosarcoma arising from bone and soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small round cells, biphasic growth pattern, and well differentiated hyaline cartilage. Clinical presentation includes pain and swelling. The clinical course is aggressive, with local recurrences and distant metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006423 biolink:NamedThing soft tissue chondroma A benign neoplasm arising from the extraskeletal soft tissues near tendons and joints. It is a well circumscribed tumor characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a lobulated hyaline cartilage growth pattern, and in some cases calcification. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000517 biolink:NamedThing brain stem medulloblastoma A medulloblastoma that involves the brainstem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007959 biolink:NamedThing medulloblastoma A malignant, invasive embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum. It occurs predominantly in children and has the tendency to metastasize via the cerebrospinal fluid pathways. Signs and symptoms include truncal ataxia, disturbed gait, lethargy, headache, and vomiting. There are four histologic variants: classic medulloblastoma, large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma, desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma, and medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002791 biolink:NamedThing large cell medulloblastoma A medulloblastoma composed of large cells with prominent nucleoli and a larger amount of cytoplasm in contrast with the cells of the classic medulloblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002792 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar vermis medulloblastoma A medulloblastoma arising from the vermis of the cerebellum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002794 biolink:NamedThing adult medulloblastoma A medulloblastoma arising from the brain, occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002796 biolink:NamedThing melanotic medulloblastoma A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of small cells which resemble the cells of classic medulloblastoma and a minor population of melanin-forming neuroepithelial cells. It usually has an unfavorable clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002797 biolink:NamedThing childhood medulloblastoma A medulloblastoma occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002799 biolink:NamedThing nodular medulloblastoma A medulloblastoma characterized by nodularity and neuronal differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006300 biolink:NamedThing medullomyoblastoma with myogenic differentiation A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum. It is characterized by the morphologic features of a medulloblastoma and the presence of a striated muscle component. Its clinical behavior is similar to medulloblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016709 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic/large cell medulloblastoma A medulloblastoma composed of sheets of large cells mixed with cells characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016710 biolink:NamedThing medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity (MBEN) is a histological variant of medulloblastoma, an embryonic malignancy, most often located in the inferior medullary velum and then growing into the fourth ventricle, and presenting in infants and young children with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure such as headache, listlessness, vomiting, diplopia and papilledema. It is often associated with Gorlin syndrome and has a relatively good prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016711 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma A histological variant of medulloblastoma, an embryonic malignancy, often located in one of the cerebellar hemispheres, occurring most frequently in adults and manifesting with symptoms such as vomiting and headache. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016712 biolink:NamedThing classic medulloblastoma Classic medulloblastoma is a histological variant of medulloblastoma, an embryonic malignancy, having a midline location, occurring most often in children and manifesting with variable symptoms such as headaches, nausea, vomiting and ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021228 biolink:NamedThing brainstem neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the brainstem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002912 biolink:NamedThing brainstem cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the brain stem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021507 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of brain stem A benign neoplasm that involves the brainstem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024797 biolink:NamedThing adult brain stem neoplasm A brainstem neoplasm that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002894 biolink:NamedThing spinal chordoma A slow-growing malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord and occurring in the spine. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and the presence of physaliphorous cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000519 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum oligodendroglioma A oligodendroglioma that involves the corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002544 biolink:NamedThing brain oligodendroglioma A oligodendroglioma that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002731 biolink:NamedThing cerebral hemisphere cancer A cancer that involves the cerebral hemisphere. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001952 biolink:NamedThing parietal lobe cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the parietal lobe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002218 biolink:NamedThing temporal lobe cancer A cancer that involves the temporal lobe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002900 biolink:NamedThing cerebral neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma arising from the cerebral hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003655 biolink:NamedThing cerebral lymphoma A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the cerebral hemispheres as a primary lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003772 biolink:NamedThing cerebral meningioma A meningioma that affects the cerebral hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004071 biolink:NamedThing childhood cerebral astrocytoma An astrocytoma, without designation of benign or malignant, that is found in the supratentorial region. The infratentorial location is more common in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004209 biolink:NamedThing cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumor A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified arising from the cerebral hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004378 biolink:NamedThing pediatric cerebral ependymoblastoma An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered that arises from the cerebral hemispheres and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021131 biolink:NamedThing frontal lobe ependymal tumor An ependymal tumor affecting the frontal lobe of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000520 biolink:NamedThing parietal lobe ependymal tumor An ependymal tumor affecting the parietal lobe of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004245 biolink:NamedThing ependymal tumor of brain A tumor arising from the ependymal lining of the ventricles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003477 biolink:NamedThing brain stem ependymoma An ependymoma that arises from the brain stem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004352 biolink:NamedThing adult brain ependymoma An ependymoma of the brain occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020685 biolink:NamedThing infratentorial ependymal tumor An ependymal tumor arising from the infratentorial region of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020687 biolink:NamedThing supratentorial ependymal tumor An ependymal tumor arising from the supratentorial region of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004669 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the major or minor salivary glands. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021316 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of minor salivary gland A cancer that involves the minor salivary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044743 biolink:NamedThing major salivary gland cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the major salivary glands. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000524 biolink:NamedThing mixed extragonadal germ cell cancer A mixed germ cell cancer that is located in areas of the body other than the ovary or testicle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003113 biolink:NamedThing extragonadal germ cell cancer A malignant germ cell tumor that develops as a primary tumor in an anatomic site other than the testis or ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001991 biolink:NamedThing malignant cardiac germ cell tumor A rare malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002073 biolink:NamedThing malignant pineal area germ cell neoplasm A malignant germ cell tumor that arises in the pineal region. Representative examples include germinoma, immature teratoma, choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003112 biolink:NamedThing malignant gastric germ cell tumor A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the stomach. It includes choriocarcinoma and immature teratoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003578 biolink:NamedThing extragonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor A malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumor that develops as a primary tumor in an anatomic site other than the testis or ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003668 biolink:NamedThing extragonadal seminoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006298 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal malignant germ cell tumor An extragonadal malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum. This category includes seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, mixed germ cell tumors, and immature malignant teratoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015935 biolink:NamedThing extragonadal germinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040673 biolink:NamedThing malignant peritoneal germ cell tumor A malignant germ cell tumor that affects the peritoneum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015864 biolink:NamedThing mixed germ cell tumor A malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of at least two different germ cell components. The different germ cell components include choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and seminoma. It occurs in the ovary, testis, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system and mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002599 biolink:NamedThing teratocarcinoma A germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of an embryonal carcinoma component and a teratoma component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003120 biolink:NamedThing mixed testicular germ cell cancer A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of more than one histologic component. Representative examples include mixed choriocarcinoma and embryonal carcinoma, mixed embryonal carcinoma and seminoma, and mixed yolk sac tumor and teratoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003710 biolink:NamedThing ovarian mixed germ cell neoplasm An ovarian malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of at least two different germ cell components. At least one of the germ cell components is primitive. The most common combination of germ cell elements is dysgerminoma and yolk sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020651 biolink:NamedThing mixed germ cell tumor of vulva DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024861 biolink:NamedThing mixed teratoma and seminoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000525 biolink:NamedThing cecum villous adenoma A neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the cecal mucosa. It is characterized by a villous architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005694 biolink:NamedThing cecal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the cecum. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include lipoma and leiomyoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. Cecal adenomas always exhibit epithelial dysplasia and are considered premalignant neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001236 biolink:NamedThing appendiceal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002033 biolink:NamedThing cecum cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the caecum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006126 biolink:NamedThing cecum neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the cecum. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021464 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of cecum A benign neoplasm that involves the caecum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021271 biolink:NamedThing villous adenoma of colon A villous adenoma that involves the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000527 biolink:NamedThing colon adenoma An adenoma that arises from the colon. The group of colonic adenomas includes tubular, villous, and tubulovillous adenomas, traditional serrated adenomas, sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, and familial adenomatous polyposis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005484 biolink:NamedThing colorectal adenoma An adenoma that arises from the colon or rectum. The group of colorectal adenomas includes tubular, villous, and tubulovillous adenomas, traditional serrated adenomas, sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, and familial adenomatous polyposis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000530 biolink:NamedThing rectum adenoma An adenoma that arises from the rectum. The group of rectal adenomas includes tubular, villous, and tubulovillous adenomas, traditional serrated adenomas, sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, and familial adenomatous polyposis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006164 biolink:NamedThing colorectal sessile serrated adenoma/polyp A polyp that arises from the colon or rectum. It is characterized by the presence of serrated glands and the absence of generalized dysplasia. Some authors have suggested that it is a precursor lesion for some colorectal adenocarcinomas with microsatellite instability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024662 biolink:NamedThing colorectal tubulovillous adenoma A neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the colonic and rectal mucosa. It is characterized by tubular and villous architectural patterns. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024479 biolink:NamedThing epithelial tumor of colon A epithelial neoplasm that involves the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001093 biolink:NamedThing colonic lymphangioma A lymphangioma arising from the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002032 biolink:NamedThing colon carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the colon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003644 biolink:NamedThing cavernous hemangioma of colon A cavernous hemangioma arising from the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015067 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine tumor of the colon, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018511 biolink:NamedThing epithelial tumor of the appendix A epithelial neoplasm that involves the vermiform appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024476 biolink:NamedThing epithelial neoplasm of rectum A epithelial neoplasm that involves the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003646 biolink:NamedThing rectum neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the rectum. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022985 biolink:NamedThing diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044937 biolink:NamedThing rectal carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the rectum and invades through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005616 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma A lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant non-keratinizing squamoid cells, mucin-producing cells and intermediate type cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003438 biolink:NamedThing combined small cell lung carcinoma A morphologic variant of small cell lung carcinoma in combination with a non-small cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001017 biolink:NamedThing epididymal adenocarcinoma A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the epididymis. It usually presents as a scrotal mass and may be associated with testicular pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002418 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinus adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the epithelial cell DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002475 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the lacrimal gland DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002512 biolink:NamedThing papillary adenocarcinoma A morphologic variant of adenocarcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern. Representative examples include thyroid gland papillary carcinoma, invasive papillary breast carcinoma, and ovarian serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002746 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the fallopian tube DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002751 biolink:NamedThing bladder adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the urinary bladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002752 biolink:NamedThing ovarian adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary. It is the most common type of ovarian carcinoma. It includes the serous adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002822 biolink:NamedThing trabecular adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a trabecular glandular architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003189 biolink:NamedThing middle ear adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the middle ear DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003197 biolink:NamedThing granular cell carcinoma An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with granular cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003198 biolink:NamedThing small intestine adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the small intestine. Histologic variants include mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003200 biolink:NamedThing urethra adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the urethra DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003204 biolink:NamedThing villous adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. It may arise from a villous adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003209 biolink:NamedThing thymus gland adenocarcinoma A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of carcinoma cells with glandular differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003211 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the nasal cavity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003216 biolink:NamedThing ureter adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the ureter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003219 biolink:NamedThing gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the esophagogastric junction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004328 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the maxillary sinus. It is classified as intestinal-type or non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are the presenting signs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004957 biolink:NamedThing mucinous adenocarcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Often, the infiltrating glandular structures are associated with mucoid stromal formation. It may arise from the large and small intestine, appendix, stomach, lung, ovary, breast, corpus uteri, cervix, vagina, and salivary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004965 biolink:NamedThing acinar cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the acinar cell DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004971 biolink:NamedThing adenoid cystic carcinoma A malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells. Microscopically, the neoplastic epithelial cells form cylindrical spatial configurations (cribriform or classic type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), cordlike structures (tubular type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), or solid structures (basaloid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma). Adenoid cystic carcinomas mostly occur in the salivary glands. Other primary sites of involvement include the lacrimal gland, the larynx, and the lungs. Adenoid cystic carcinomas spread along nerve sheaths, resulting in severe pain, and they tend to recur. Lymph node metastases are unusual; hematogenous tumor spread is characteristic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004988 biolink:NamedThing breast adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the breast DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005004 biolink:NamedThing clear cell adenocarcinoma A malignant neoplasm composed of glandular epithelial clear cells. Various architectural patterns may be seen, including papillary, tubulocystic, and solid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005008 biolink:NamedThing colorectal adenocarcinoma The most common type of colorectal carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells invading through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. Histologic variants include mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, serrated adenocarcinoma, cribriform comedo-type adenocarcinoma, and micropapillary adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005026 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells. It can arise from the uterine body, ovary, fallopian tube, cervix, vagina, and uterine ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005028 biolink:NamedThing esophageal adenocarcinoma A malignant tumor with glandular differentiation arising predominantly from Barrett mucosa in the lower third of the esophagus. Rare examples of esophageal adenocarcinoma deriving from ectopic gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus have also been reported. Grossly, esophageal adenocarcinomas are similar to esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Microscopically, adenocarcinomas arising in the setting of Barrett esophagus are typically papillary and/or tubular. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005036 biolink:NamedThing gastric adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the stomach DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005082 biolink:NamedThing prostate adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the prostate gland DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005086 biolink:NamedThing renal cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the kidney DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005092 biolink:NamedThing signet ring cell carcinoma A usually aggressive, poorly differentiated invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells in which the nucleus is pressed to one side by the presence of intracytoplasmic mucus. It may arise from the stomach, small and large intestine, ampulla of Vater, appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, lung, bladder, breast, and prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005153 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the cervical epithelium. It accounts for approximately 15% of invasive cervical carcinomas. Increased numbers of sexual partners and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are risk factors. Grossly, advanced cervical adenocarcinoma may present as an exophytic mass, an ulcerated lesion, or diffuse cervical enlargement. Microscopically, the majority of cervical adenocarcinomas are of the endocervical (mucinous) type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005278 biolink:NamedThing serous adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that is characterized by the presence of papillary patterns and cellular budding. Psammoma bodies may be present. Representative examples include cervical serous adenocarcinoma, endometrial serous adenocarcinoma, ovarian serous adenocarcinoma, and primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005461 biolink:NamedThing endometrium adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the uterine body cavity. This is the most frequent malignant tumor affecting the uterine body, and is linked to estrogen therapy. Most patients present with uterine bleeding and are over age 40 at the time of diagnosis. The prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor, the depth of the uterine wall invasion, and the histologic subtype. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most frequently seen morphologic variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005524 biolink:NamedThing sweat gland carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular carcinoma, spiradenocarcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, hidradenocarcinoma, and apocrine carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005596 biolink:NamedThing cystadenocarcinoma A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The malignant epithelial cells invade the stroma. The cystic spaces contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005606 biolink:NamedThing tubular adenocarcinoma An infiltrating adenocarcinoma in which the malignant cells form tubular structures. Representative examples include the tubular breast carcinoma and the gastric tubular adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005613 biolink:NamedThing mesonephric adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma of the cervix or the vagina arising from mesonephric remnants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005953 biolink:NamedThing scirrhous adenocarcinoma An infiltrating adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of desmoplastic stromal reaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006047 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the pancreas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006214 biolink:NamedThing follicular variant thyroid gland papillary carcinoma A nonencapsulated variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the predominance of follicular structures. The malignant follicular cells display the nuclear features that characterize the papillary adenocarcinomas of the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006254 biolink:NamedThing intestinal type adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from epithelium which has undergone intestinal metaplasia. Representative examples include gastric, gallbladder, and ampulla of Vater intestinal type adenocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006302 biolink:NamedThing micropapillary serous carcinoma An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of complex micropapillary structures covered by round and cuboidal cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006304 biolink:NamedThing minor salivary gland adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the minor salivary glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006382 biolink:NamedThing poorly differentiated thyroid gland carcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the thyroid gland showing only limited evidence of follicular cell differentiation. Microscopically, the adenocarcinoma cells are arranged in insular, solid, and trabecular patterns. There is associated necrosis, and vascular invasion. The prognosis depends on the tumor stage, complete or partial surgical removal of the tumor, and the degree of response to radioactive iodine therapy (adapted from WHO Tumors of Endocrine Organs, IARC Press, Lyon 2004) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006402 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland basal cell adenocarcinoma A rare adenocarcinoma of the major and minor salivary glands, originating from basaloid, myoepithelial and ductal cells. While morphologically resembling basal cell carcinomas, it is a distinct entity. The tumor is not encapsulated, may invade locally, and less frequently may metastasize. It usually occurs in older patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006435 biolink:NamedThing submandibular gland adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the submandibular gland. Representative examples include polymorphic low-grade adenocarcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006465 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland oncocytic follicular carcinoma A follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland, characterized by the presence of large cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and pleomorphic nuclei with prominent, eosinophilic nucleoli. The nuclear features that characterize the papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006962 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. It presents as a painless mass and it may be multifocal. It grows in the ocular adnexae and in the skin of head and neck, trunk, genitals, and extremities. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with multivesicular and clear cytoplasm. It may recur and metastasize. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012004 biolink:NamedThing parathyroid gland carcinoma A very rare, slow-growing, clinically serious endocrine tumor that generally develops in mid-adulthood. PRTC presents as a palpable painless mass in the neck and causes severe hypercalcemia and related symptoms, non-specific gastrointestinal manifestations, as well as renal and bone complications related to primary hyperparathyroidism (nephrolithiasis, impaired renal function, osteoporosis, bone pain, and pathologic fractures, etc.). Some PRTCs are however non-functioning tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018351 biolink:NamedThing adenocarcinoma of penis A adenocarcinoma that involves the penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018532 biolink:NamedThing adenocarcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018536 biolink:NamedThing adenocarcinoma of gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract Adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract is a rare epithelial carcinoma, arising either in the gallbladder itself or from the epithelium lining the extrahepatic biliary tree, cystic duct and/or peribiliary gland, characterized by nonspecific symptoms, such as abdominal pain, jaundice and vomiting and sometimes mimicking benign biliary diseases. Chronic biliary epithelial inflammation (e.g. primary sclerosing cholangitis, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, liver fluke infestation) is a major risk factor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020653 biolink:NamedThing vaginal adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the vagina. Morphologic variants include the clear cell, endometrioid, mesonephric, and mucinous adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021165 biolink:NamedThing Paget disease A malignant neoplasm composed of large cells with large nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant pale cytoplasm (Paget cells). Paget cell neoplasms include Paget disease of the nipple and extramammary Paget disease which may affect the vulva, penis, anus, skin and scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021652 biolink:NamedThing diffuse type adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate which is composed of poorly cohesive cells with minimal or no glandular formations. Representative example is the gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024336 biolink:NamedThing vulvar adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the vulva. Representative examples include Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma, eccrine adenocarcinoma, apocrine adenocarcinoma, and sebaceous carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024622 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. According to the degree of differentiation, it is classified either as differentiated carcinoma (extensive evidence of follicular cell differentiation), or poorly differentiated carcinoma (limited evidence of follicular cell differentiation). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000534 biolink:NamedThing trachea mucoepidermoid carcinoma A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003036 biolink:NamedThing mucoepidermoid carcinoma A carcinoma morphologically characterized the presence of cuboidal mucous cells, goblet-like mucous cells, squamoid cells, cystic changes, and a fibrotic stromal formation. It can occur in several anatomic sites, including parotid gland, oral cavity, paranasal sinus, skin, breast, lung, larynx, and lacrimal ducts. It is classified as low or high grade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003086 biolink:NamedThing thymic mucoepidermoid carcinoma A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of squamous cells, intermediate type cells, and mucus-producing cells. Published information on clinical course is limited to single-case reports. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003087 biolink:NamedThing mucoepidermoid breast carcinoma A carcinoma of the breast characterized by pools of mucin and islands of malignant squamous cells. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the breast are extremely rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003089 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct mucoepidermoid carcinoma A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003091 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous mucoepidermoid carcinoma A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003092 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma An extremely rare carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland. It is characterized by the presence of infiltrating nests of epidermoid cells and mucus producing cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003093 biolink:NamedThing mucoepidermoid esophageal carcinoma A rare carcinoma of the esophagus which contains squamous cells, mucus secreting cells, and cells of an intermediate type. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003095 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal mucoepidermoid carcinoma A rare mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the larynx. It usually arises from the supraglottic area. Hoarseness and dysphagia are the presenting symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006463 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma A primary, low grade carcinoma of the thyroid gland composed of groups of squamoid and mucous cells, surrounded by fibrous tissue. Prominent cystic structures may be present. The clinical course is usually indolent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044956 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus mucoepidermoid carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the paranasal sinus. It is characterized by the presence of epidermoid cells, mucus producing cells, and cells of intermediate type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003184 biolink:NamedThing trachea carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006471 biolink:NamedThing tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the trachea. It spreads to the submucosal tracheal tissue and to regional lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000535 biolink:NamedThing tonsil squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the tonsil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021337 biolink:NamedThing tonsil carcinoma A carcinoma that involves the tonsil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044704 biolink:NamedThing oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004608 biolink:NamedThing oropharynx cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005806 biolink:NamedThing hypopharynx cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the hypopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021315 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of nasopharynx A cancer that involves the nasopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001740 biolink:NamedThing cornea squamous cell carcinoma A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003492 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003501 biolink:NamedThing external ear squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin of the external ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005595 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the larynx. It is the most common histologic type of laryngeal carcinoma. It can arise from the glottis, supraglottic area, or it can be transglottic. Glottic squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent laryngeal carcinoma in the United States. The symptoms, clinical behavior and the prognosis depend on the site of origin within the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006059 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity mucosa. Signs and symptoms include nasal fullness and obstruction, pain, epistaxis, and the presence of a nasal mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006060 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006173 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma A low-grade squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the conjunctiva. It is the most common primary malignant tumor that arises from the conjunctiva. It usually affects older white males. Excessive exposure to sunlight is a risk factor. Patients may present with a mass, red eye, or pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006303 biolink:NamedThing middle ear squamous cell carcinoma A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006385 biolink:NamedThing primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises centrally from the jaw. It derives from odontogenic epithelial remnants. It includes solid type squamous cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma that arises from an odontogenic cyst, and squamous cell carcinoma that derives from a keratocystic odontogenic tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044705 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, or sphenoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044710 biolink:NamedThing lip and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the lip or the oral cavity. The oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma usually arises from the buccal mucosa, tongue, or gums. It occurs predominantly in adults who use tobacco and alcohol and has a tendency to metastasize early to lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000539 biolink:NamedThing striated muscle rhabdoid tumor A rhabdoid tumor that involves the striated muscle tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002728 biolink:NamedThing rhabdoid tumor An aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm usually occurring during childhood. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant cytoplasm, large eccentric nucleus, and a prominent nucleolus and it is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. It can arise from the central nervous system, kidney, and the soft tissues. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002729 biolink:NamedThing rhabdoid tumor of the kidney A rhabdoid tumor that arises from the kidney. It occurs in children and it is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. It is characterized by the presence of cells with a large eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020560 biolink:NamedThing atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a highly malignant central nervous system (CNS) rhabdoid tumor (RT) found almost exclusively in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044916 biolink:NamedThing extrarenal rhabdoid tumor A rhabdoid tumor which arises in the soft tissues. It occurs in infants and children and may be associated with loss of chromosome 22. It is characterized by the presence of cells with a large eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003939 biolink:NamedThing muscle tissue disorder A disease involving the muscle tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003671 biolink:NamedThing septal myocardial infarction A myocardial infarction (disease) that involves the cardiac septum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004642 biolink:NamedThing tonsillar pillar cancer A cancer that involves the tonsillar pillar. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004714 biolink:NamedThing atrophic muscular disease A group of primary or secondary disorders affecting the muscles. It is characterized by an abnormal reduction in the muscle volume and atrophy. The atrophy may be caused by diseases of the muscle tissues or diseases of the peripheral nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005290 biolink:NamedThing rhabdomyolysis A clinical syndrome resulting from direct or indirect muscle injury and subsequent release of myoglobin into the plasma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005307 biolink:NamedThing contracture Prolonged shortening of the muscle or other soft tissue around a joint, preventing movement of the joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006516 biolink:NamedThing sarcopenia Progressive decline in muscle mass due to aging which results in decreased functional capacity of muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006648 biolink:NamedThing anterior compartment syndrome Rapid swelling, increased tension, pain, and ischemic necrosis of the muscles of the anterior tibial compartment of the leg, often following excessive physical exertion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006763 biolink:NamedThing frozen shoulder A painful inflammatory process leads to a mechanical block in active and passive range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder. Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder is characterized by functional loss of passive and active shoulder motion. This inflammatory process results in fibroblastic proliferation and extensive scar tissue formation. Fibroblastic proliferation, a late phase of the inflammatory process involved in tissue repair, leads to thickening, fibrosis, and adhesion of the capsule to itself and the humerus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007028 biolink:NamedThing rotator cuff syndrome Tear of one or more of the tendons of the four rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder. A rotator cuff 'injury' can include any type of irritation or overuse of those muscles or tendons, and is among the most common conditions affecting the shoulder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016146 biolink:NamedThing caveolinopathy A group of muscle diseases with basis in CAV3, which encodes caveolin-3, a muscle-specific membrane protein and the principal component of caveolae membrane in muscle cells in vivo. It is the only gene in which pathogenic variants are known to cause caveolinopathies. Sequence analysis identifies pathogenic variants in more than 99% of affected individuals DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021545 biolink:NamedThing myomatous neoplasm A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023558 biolink:NamedThing Kocher-debre-Semelaigne syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005864 biolink:NamedThing muscle cancer A malignant neoplasm affecting the skeletal or smooth muscles. Malignant neoplasms arising from the skeletal muscles are called rhabdomyosarcomas. Malignant neoplasms arising from the smooth muscles are called leiomyosarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002847 biolink:NamedThing skeletal muscle cancer A malignant neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002924 biolink:NamedThing smooth muscle cancer A malignant neoplasm arising from smooth muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000540 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the small intestine. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002995 biolink:NamedThing small intestine neuroendocrine tumor, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003621 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal vasoactive intestinal peptide producing tumor A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the small intestine and produces vasoactive intestinal peptide. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004252 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal L-cell glucagon-like peptide producing tumor A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the small intestine and produces glucagon-like peptides. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells forming tubular or trabecular patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015063 biolink:NamedThing duodenal neuroendocrine tumor, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015064 biolink:NamedThing jejunal neuroendocrine tumor, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the jejunum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015065 biolink:NamedThing ileal neuroendocrine tumor, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ileum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021533 biolink:NamedThing intestinal neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the small or large intestine. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006162 biolink:NamedThing colorectal neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the colon or rectum. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000541 biolink:NamedThing jejunal adenocarcinoma A adenocarcinoma that involves the jejunum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006186 biolink:NamedThing duodenal adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006815 biolink:NamedThing jejunal cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the jejunum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000543 biolink:NamedThing ovarian melanoma A melanoma (disease) that involves the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002481 biolink:NamedThing ovarian neuroendocrine neoplasm An epithelial neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ovary. It includes carcinoid tumor, small cell carcinoma pulmonary type, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003049 biolink:NamedThing ovarian large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells exhibiting neuroendocrine differentiation. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003795 biolink:NamedThing ovarian small cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of small malignant cells. It includes small cell carcinoma, hypercalcemic type and small cell carcinoma, pulmonary type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005191 biolink:NamedThing metastatic melanoma A melanoma that has spread from its primary site to another anatomic site. Melanomas frequently metastasize to lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000544 biolink:NamedThing mucosal melanoma A melanoma that arises from a mucosal site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006320 biolink:NamedThing non-cutaneous melanoma Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes, cells that are derived from the neural crest. Although most melanomas arise in the skin, they also may arise from mucosal surfaces or at other sites to which neural crest cells migrate. (PDQ) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002205 biolink:NamedThing vulvar melanoma A usually pigmented, nodular or polypoid malignant neoplasm that originates from melanocytes and arises from the vulva. It presents with bleeding and dysuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016747 biolink:NamedThing primary melanoma of the central nervous system A melanoma that affects the central nervous system. It is characterized by pleomorphism, melanin pigmentation, a high mitotic rate, necrosis, and hemorrhage. It is a highly aggressive and radioresistant tumor. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000545 biolink:NamedThing sublingual gland adenoid cystic carcinoma A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the sublingual gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021070 biolink:NamedThing sublingual gland carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the sublingual gland. Representative examples include cystadenocarcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045063 biolink:NamedThing major salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma An aggressive carcinoma that arises from the major salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. Patients develop pain because of the tendency of these carcinomas to invade perineural tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006356 biolink:NamedThing parotid gland adenoid cystic carcinoma An aggressive carcinoma that arises from the parotid gland. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. Patients develop pain because of the tendency of these carcinomas to invade perineural tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006436 biolink:NamedThing submandibular gland adenoid cystic carcinoma An aggressive carcinoma that arises from the submandibular gland. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. Patients develop pain because of the tendency of these carcinomas to invade perineural tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000548 biolink:NamedThing ovarian clear cell cancer An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by a predominance of clear and hobnail malignant epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018364 biolink:NamedThing malignant epithelial tumor of ovary An invasive malignant tumor that originates from the surface epithelium of the ovary. It is composed of malignant epithelial cells and stroma. Representative examples include serous adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, and malignant Brenner tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002920 biolink:NamedThing malignant ovarian Brenner tumor A malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of an invasive malignant transitional cell component and nests of benign transitional cells in a fibrotic stroma. When the neoplasm is confined to the ovary, the prognosis is good. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003812 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrial cancer A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of glands and/or cysts lined by neoplastic cells that resemble endometrial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004032 biolink:NamedThing ovarian seromucinous carcinoma A malignant mixed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed predominantly of serous and endocervical-type mucinous epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005140 biolink:NamedThing ovarian carcinoma A malignant neoplasm originating from the surface ovarian epithelium. It accounts for the greatest number of deaths from malignancies of the female genital tract and is the fifth leading cause of cancer fatalities in women. It is predominantly a disease of older white women of northern European extraction, but it is seen in all ages and ethnic groups. Adenocarcinomas constitute the vast majority of ovarian carcinomas. The pattern of metastatic spread in ovarian carcinoma is similar regardless of the microscopic type. The most common sites of involvement are the contralateral ovary, peritoneal cavity, para-aortic and pelvic lymph nodes, and liver. Lung and pleura are the most common sites of extra-abdominal spread. The primary form of therapy is surgical. The overall prognosis of ovarian carcinoma remains poor, a direct result of its rapid growth rate and the lack of early symptoms. --2002 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024282 biolink:NamedThing mucinous ovarian cancer An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. It includes mucinous adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinofibroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024885 biolink:NamedThing malignant ovarian serous tumor An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelium of the fallopian tube or, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features and marked nuclear atypia. It includes serous adenocarcinoma and serous adenocarcinofibroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021144 biolink:NamedThing ovarian clear cell tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary that is characterized by a predominance of clear and hobnail cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000549 biolink:NamedThing cervical neuroblastoma A relatively uncommon neuroblastoma that is found in the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002749 biolink:NamedThing extracranial neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma arising from an anatomic site other than the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004024 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma that affects the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006329 biolink:NamedThing olfactory neuroblastoma An olfactory neuroblastoma arising in the paranasal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021351 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of neck A neoplasm (disease) that involves the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015379 biolink:NamedThing cervical dermoid cyst Cervical dermoid cyst is a rare, benign cutaneous neoplasm containing keratinized epithelium and dermal derivatives, such as hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, smooth muscle or fibroadipose tissue which usually manifests as a slow-growing, painless mass in the submandibular or sublingual space. Depending on the location, and especially after sudden enlargement, it can cause dyspnea, dysphagia or dysphonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021257 biolink:NamedThing glomus jugulare neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the jugular body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021310 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of neck A cancer that involves the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000550 biolink:NamedThing extra-adrenal sympathetic paraganglioma A benign or malignant sympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia outside the adrenal gland. Clinical symptoms are related to secretion of catecholamines. Representative examples include the superior and inferior paraaortic and bladder paragangliomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021072 biolink:NamedThing sympathetic paraganglioma A benign or malignant paraganglioma arising from the chromaffin cells of the paraganglia that are located along the sympathetic nerves. It includes extra-adrenal paragangliomas and paragangliomas that arise from the adrenal medulla. The latter are commonly referred to as pheochromocytomas. Representative examples of extra-adrenal sympathetic paragangliomas include the bladder, and superior and inferior paraaortic paragangliomas. Clinical signs are related to the secretion of catecholamines resulting in hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004974 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland pheochromocytoma A benign or malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system that secretes catecholamines. It arises from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Clinical presentation includes headaches, palpitations, chest and abdominal pain, hypertension, fever, and tremor. Microscopically, a characteristic nesting (zellballen) growth pattern is usually seen. Other growth patterns including trabecular pattern may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000551 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma that involves the retroperitoneal space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001095 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma arising from the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002899 biolink:NamedThing differentiating neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma in which the differentiating neuroblasts constitute more than five-percent of the tumor cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005598 biolink:NamedThing dopaminergic neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma associated with increased dopamine excretion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024340 biolink:NamedThing retinal neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma arising from the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024645 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the retroperitoneum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003412 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal hemangiopericytoma A benign or malignant hemangiopericytoma arising from the retroperitoneum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003685 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal germ cell neoplasm A germ cell tumor that involves the retroperitoneal space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006398 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor A multinodular intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the retroperitoneum. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000552 biolink:NamedThing breast lobular carcinoma An adenocarcinoma of the breast arising from the lobules. This is a relatively uncommon carcinoma, represents approximately 10% of the breast adenocarcinomas and is often bilateral or multifocal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002648 biolink:NamedThing mammary Paget disease A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin overlying the breast by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It is almost always associated with an intraductal or invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The clinical features include focal skin reddening, and eczema. Retraction of the nipple may sometimes occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002671 biolink:NamedThing signet ring cell breast carcinoma An invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with signet ring appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002705 biolink:NamedThing breast mucinous cystadenocarcinoma An invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of tall columnar neoplastic cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Grossly, cystic changes are identified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003185 biolink:NamedThing adenoid cystic breast carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma primarily involving the breast. Three morphologic patterns are seen: cribriform, trabecular, and solid. The prognosis is excellent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003635 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous breast carcinoma A very rare breast adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003935 biolink:NamedThing oncocytic breast carcinoma A rare breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of neoplastic oncocytic cells. The oncocytic cells comprise more than 70 percent of the malignant cellular population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004420 biolink:NamedThing breast malignant eccrine spiradenoma A rare tumor characterized by malignant transformation of an eccrine spiradenoma of the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005590 biolink:NamedThing breast ductal adenocarcinoma A breast carcinoma arising from the ducts. While ductal carcinomas can arise at other sites, this term is universally used to refer to carcinomas of the breast. Ductal carcinomas account for about two thirds of all breast cancers. Two types of ductal carcinomas have been described: ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma. The latter often spreads to the axillary lymph nodes and other anatomic sites. The two forms of ductal carcinoma often coexist. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006306 biolink:NamedThing mixed lobular and ductal breast carcinoma A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a lobular and a ductal component. The ductal component comprises less than 50 percent of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006804 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory breast carcinoma An advanced, invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of distinct changes in the overlying skin. These changes include diffuse erythema, edema, peau d'orange (skin of an orange) appearance, tenderness, induration, warmth, enlargement, and in some cases a palpable mass. The skin changes are the consequence of lymphatic obstruction from the underlying invasive breast adenocarcinoma. Microscopically, the dermal lymphatics show prominent infiltration by malignant cells. The invasive breast adenocarcinoma is usually of ductal, NOS type. There is not significant inflammatory cell infiltrate present, despite the name of this carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000553 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma A endometrial carcinoma (disease) that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002447 biolink:NamedThing endometrial carcinoma A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium that lines the cavity of the uterine body. The vast majority of endometrial carcinomas are adenocarcinomas; squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinomas represent a minority of the cases. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most frequently seen variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Uterine bleeding is an initial clinical sign. The prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor, the depth of myometrial wall invasion, and the degree of differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002832 biolink:NamedThing endometrial transitional cell carcinoma A rare primary carcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells resembling urothelial transitional cells. The malignant transitional cells constitute at least 90% of the tumor cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003315 biolink:NamedThing endometrium carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a endometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006197 biolink:NamedThing endometrial small cell carcinoma A primary carcinoma of the endometrium that is similar to the small cell carcinoma of the lung, histologically. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006199 biolink:NamedThing endometrial undifferentiated carcinoma A primary carcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of malignant cells that lack evidence of differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006003 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002879 biolink:NamedThing uterine body mixed cancer A primary malignant neoplasm of the uterine corpus characterized by the presence of an epithelial and a mesenchymal component. This category includes carcinosarcoma, carcinofibroma, and adenosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003629 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus serous adenocarcinoma A serous adenocarcinoma that involves the uterine corpus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005210 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the wall of the uterine corpus (uterine body). The most representative examples are leiomyosarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016267 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated carcinoma of the corpus uteri Undifferentiated carcinoma of the corpus uteri is a rare cancer of corpus uteri presenting as a large, polypoid, intraluminal mass with necrosis, composed of small to intermediate-size, relatively uniform, dyshesive cells displaying no differentiation. It usually presents with dysfunctional bleeding or vaginal discharge and, less often, abdominal pain. Association with Lynch syndrome was reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016268 biolink:NamedThing papillary carcinoma of the corpus uteri A papillary carcinoma that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016269 biolink:NamedThing high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the corpus uteri High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the corpus uteri is an extremely rare, aggressive, primary uterine neoplasm, originating from neuroendocrine cells scattered within the endometrium, characterized, macroscopically, by a bulky, frequently polypoid, mass with abundant necrosis located in the uterus and, histologically, by rosette-like and cord-like structures consisting of small, rounded cells with oval nuclei and scarce cytoplasm. Patients often present with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, pelvic or abdominal mass and, especially in later stages of the disease, abdominal pain. Symptomatic metastatic spread or symptoms related to a paraneoplastic syndrome, such as retinopathy, or Cushing syndrome due to ectopic ACTH production, may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016270 biolink:NamedThing low-grade neuroendocrine tumor of the corpus uteri Low-grade neuroendocrine tumor of the corpus uteri is an extremely rare uterine cancer typically characterized by a well demarcated, solid, frequently pedunculated tumor originating from neuroendocrine cells scattered within the endometrium, often associated with ectopic hormone production. Patients usually present with vaginal bleeding or discharge and a pelvic mass with a polypoid tumor sometimes protruding through the cervical canal. Symptoms related to ectopic hormone production (flushing, sweating, diarrhea, bronchospasm) may also develop. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016271 biolink:NamedThing adenoid cystic carcinoma of the corpus uteri A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016272 biolink:NamedThing transitional cell carcinoma of the corpus uteri A transitional cell carcinoma that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016273 biolink:NamedThing malignant germ cell tumor of corpus uteri A malignant germ cell tumor that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000554 biolink:NamedThing endocervical adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the endocervix. It is the most common type of endocervical adenocarcinoma. The neoplastic epithelium shows a pseudostratified architecture and the malignant cells have enlarged, elongated, and hyperchromatic nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004259 biolink:NamedThing endocervical carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the endocervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002741 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament adenocarcinoma A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002742 biolink:NamedThing cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma A usually well to moderately differentiated cervical adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells that contain significant amount of intracytoplasmic mucin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003410 biolink:NamedThing Wolffian duct adenocarcinoma A cervical adenocarcinoma that arises from mesonephric remnants. It is usually characterized by the presence of tubular glands lined by cuboidal epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003631 biolink:NamedThing cervical serous adenocarcinoma A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of papillary patterns and cellular budding. Psammoma bodies are often seen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003665 biolink:NamedThing cervical endometrioid adenocarcinoma A cervical adenocarcinoma with the histologic characteristics of the endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004530 biolink:NamedThing early invasive cervical adenocarcinoma A cervical adenocarcinoma with minimal stromal invasion. The risk of local lymph node metastasis is insignificant and the prognosis is excellent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006133 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenoid cystic carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of cystic spaces surrounded by palisaded epithelial cells. The cystic spaces contain eosinophilic hyaline material or mucin. Nuclear pleomorphism, necrotic changes, and a high mitotic rate are also present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006134 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenosquamous carcinoma An uncommon carcinoma arising from the cervix. It is composed of malignant glandular epithelial cells and malignant squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006135 biolink:NamedThing cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma A rare morphologic variant of cervical adenocarcinoma composed of clear and hobnail cells. It is associated with in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000563 biolink:NamedThing GRID2-related autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013029 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia type 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014867 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 43 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 43 is a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I disorder characterized by late adult-onset of slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia, typically presenting with balance and gait disturbances, in association with axonal peripheral neuropathy resulting in reduced/absent deep tendon reflexes and sensory impairment. Lower limb pain and amyotrophy may be present, as well as various cerebellar signs, including dysarthria, nystagmus, hypometric saccades and tremor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014934 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 24 Any autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UBA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016163 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type II DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019792 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA) type I is a group of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) characterized by ataxia with other neurological signs, including oculomotor disturbances, cognitive deficits, pyramidal and extrapyramidal dysfunction, bulbar, spinal and peripheral nervous system involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019793 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ACDA) type III is a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by mostly pure cerebellar syndromes with occasional non-cerebellar signs (e.g. pyramidal signs, peripheral neuropathy, writer's cramp) and includes spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) type 5 (SCA5), SCA6, SCA11, SCA26, SCA30, and SCA31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019794 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type IV DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030805 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 49 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032526 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 48 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033479 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 44 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033482 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 47 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000565 biolink:NamedThing infective endocarditis Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers (endocardium) and valves. This condition is sometimes called 'endocarditis,' although it is important to distinguish it from non-infective endocarditis. IE is caused bybacteria, fungi, or other germs invading the bloodstream and attaching to the heart. IE can damagethe heart and cause serious and sometimes fatal complications. It can develop quickly or slowly depending on what type of germ is causing it and whether there is an underlying heart problem. Common symptoms of IE are fever and other flu-like symptoms, but signs and symptoms can vary. It can also cause problems in many other parts of the body besides the heart. IE is typically treated with antibiotics for several weeks; some individuals may need heart surgery to repair or replace heart valves or remove infected heart tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005025 biolink:NamedThing endocarditis Inflammation of the endocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000610 biolink:NamedThing marantic endocarditis Formation of a non-infectious thrombus, referred to as vegetation, on previously undamaged endocardium. It usually occurs as a complication of connective-tissue diseases and cancers because of the associated hypercoagulable state (see thrombophilia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005550 biolink:NamedThing infectious disease A disorder directly resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, or parasitic agent in humans. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001191 biolink:NamedThing hirudiniasis An disease or disorder caused by infection with Hirudinea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005227 biolink:NamedThing abscess An inflammatory process characterized by the accumulation of pus within a newly formed tissue cavity which is the result of a bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection or the presence of a foreign body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005704 biolink:NamedThing Ciliophora infectious disease Infections with protozoa of the phylum ciliophora. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005799 biolink:NamedThing hookworm infectious disease Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which the specific terms ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis are available. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016511 biolink:NamedThing infectious embryofetopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016823 biolink:NamedThing mycetoma Mycetomas are subcutaneous inflammatory pseudotumors containing fungal or actinomycetic (bacteria with branched filaments) granules or grains. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020010 biolink:NamedThing infectious disorder of the nervous system A infectious disease that involves the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021742 biolink:NamedThing puerperal infection An infection occurring in puerperium, the period of 6-8 weeks after giving birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023557 biolink:NamedThing infective vaginitis An infectious process affecting the vagina. Symptoms include pain and purulent discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024487 biolink:NamedThing nail infection An infectious process affecting the nail. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025371 biolink:NamedThing Parvoviridae infectious disease Virus infections caused by the parvoviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025481 biolink:NamedThing zoonosis An infectious disease of non-human animals that may be transmitted to humans or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals, caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, prions, etc). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042485 biolink:NamedThing infective arthritis The inflammation of one or more joints caused by any infectious pathogen within the joint space. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043544 biolink:NamedThing nosocomial infection An infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043885 biolink:NamedThing eye infectious disorder An infectious process affecting any part of the eye. Causes include viruses and bacteria. Symptoms include itching and discomfort in the eye, watery eyes, eye pain and discharge, and blurring vision. Representative examples include pink eye, blepharitis, and trachoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043892 biolink:NamedThing prosthesis-related infectious disease A bacterial infection related to a device used to replace a missing body part. The infection may occur during the operation from direct contamination or post-operatively through hematogenous spread. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100128 biolink:NamedThing coinfection The simultaneous infection of a host by multiple pathogen species. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100338 biolink:NamedThing urinary tract infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600002 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhagic fever An infectious disease caused by certain viruses or bacteria that can damage the walls of tiny blood vessels, making them leak, and can hamper the blood's ability to clot and cause severe, life-threatening illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700045 biolink:NamedThing protothecosis A disease caused by infection with achlorophyllic algae of the genus Prototheca, the majority caused by the species P. wickerhamii. Clinical manifestations of reported cases have included cutaneous lesions, olecranon bursitis, or systemic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000568 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of central nervous system A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002602 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system disorder A disease involving the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001292 biolink:NamedThing autonomic nervous system disorder A disease involving the autonomic nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002135 biolink:NamedThing optic nerve disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the optic nerve (second cranial nerve). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002545 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord disorder A disease involving the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002570 biolink:NamedThing high pressure neurological syndrome A syndrome related to increased atmospheric pressure and characterized by tremors, nausea, dizziness, decreased motor and mental performance, and seizures. This condition may occur in those who dive deeply (c. 1000 ft) usually while breathing a mixture of oxygen and helium. The condition is associated with a neuroexcitatory effect of helium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003346 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system vasculitis Vasculitis affecting the blood vessels of the brain and/or spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006130 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system neoplasm A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm that affects the brain, meninges, or spinal cord. Representative examples of primary neoplasms include astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, and meningioma. Representative examples of metastatic neoplasms include carcinoma and leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006496 biolink:NamedThing palsy A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008599 biolink:NamedThing trigeminal neuralgia Trigeminal neuralgia is a nerve disorder that causes a stabbing or electric-shock-like pain in parts of the face. The pain lasts a few seconds to a few minutes, and usually on only one side of the face. It can also cause muscle spasms in the face the same time as the pain. The pain may result from a blood vessel pressing against the trigeminal nerve (the nerve that carries pain, feeling, and other sensations from the brain to the skin of theface), as a complication of multiple sclerosis, or due to compression of the nerve by a tumor or cyst. In some cases, the cause is unknown. Treatment options include medicines, surgery, and complementary approaches. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013351 biolink:NamedThing infantile cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with postnatal progressive microcephaly Infantile cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with postnatal progressive microcephaly is a rare, central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by progressive microcephaly with profound motor delay and intellectual disability, associated with hypertonia, spasticity, clonus, and seizures, with brain imaging revealing severe cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, and poor myelination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024619 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system infectious disorder An infectious process that affects the brain and/or spinal cord. Representative examples include encephalitis, poliomyelitis, arachnoiditis, and meningitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043327 biolink:NamedThing cerebrospinal fluid leak Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through a hole through the skull bone most commonly draining from the nose (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA) or the ear (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OTORRHEA). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000590 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disorder of peripheral nervous system A hypersensitivity reaction type II disease that involves the peripheral nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019020 biolink:NamedThing PANDAS PANDAS is an acronym for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with a group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcal infection and applied to a subgroup of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or tic disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100014 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune retinopathy An autoimmune disease characterized by sudden onset of photopsias and scotomata in patients with no family history of retinitis pigmentosa, followed by visual field and central vision loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000572 biolink:NamedThing recombinase activating gene 1 deficiency A severe combined immunodeficiency that is the result of a mutation on Chromosome 6 RAG1 gene involving genetic rearrangement of both the T- and B-lymphocyte receptor genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015974 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) comprises a group of rare monogenic primary immunodeficiency disorders characterized by a lack of functional peripheral T lymphocytes resulting in early-onset severe respiratory infections and failure to thrive. They are classified according to immunological phenotype into SCID with absence of T cells but presence of B cells (T-B+ SCID) or SCID with absence of both (T-B- SCID). Both of these groups include several forms, with or without natural killer (NK) cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000573 biolink:NamedThing recombinase activating gene 2 deficiency A severe combined immunodeficiency that is the result of a mutation on Chromosome 6 RAG2 gene involving genetic rearrangement of both the T- and B-lymphocyte receptor genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005511 biolink:NamedThing janus kinase-3 deficiency Deficiency of janus kinase-3 causing the near absence of T lymphocytes and Natural killer cells; and normal or elevated B lymphocytes due to an autosomal recessive variant of severe combined immunodeficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011132 biolink:NamedThing T-cell immunodeficiency, congenital alopecia, and nail dystrophy A severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by congenital alopecia, severe T-cell immunodeficiency, and ridging, pitting or curving of all nails that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the FOXN1 gene on chromosome 17q11-q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017855 biolink:NamedThing T-B- severe combined immunodeficiency T-B- severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of rare monogenic primary immunodeficiency disorders characterized by a lack of functional peripheral T and B lymphocytes, resulting in recurrent early-onset severe respiratory viral, bacterial or fungal infections, diarrhea and failure to thrive. Hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation is a characteristic feature of some of its sub-types. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030981 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 79 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031520 biolink:NamedThing familial severe combined immunodeficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034054 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to CD70 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044200 biolink:NamedThing T-B+ severe combined immunodeficiency T-B+ severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of rare monogenic primary immunodeficiency disorders characterized by a lack of functional peripheral T lymphocytes with presence of B lymphocytes, resulting in early-onset severe respiratory viral, bacterial or fungal infections, diarrhea and failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044201 biolink:NamedThing T+ B+ severe combined immunodeficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000577 biolink:NamedThing congenital anemia Anemia, the cause of which is present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002280 biolink:NamedThing anemia A reduction in the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, and/or the volume of packed red blood cells. Clinically, anemia represents a reduction in the oxygen-transporting capacity of a designated volume of blood, resulting from an imbalance between blood loss (through hemorrhage or hemolysis) and blood production. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001240 biolink:NamedThing neonatal anemia The mildest form of erythroblastosis fetalis in which anemia is the chief manifestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001529 biolink:NamedThing pancytopenia A finding of low numbers of red and white blood cells and platelets in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001639 biolink:NamedThing deficiency anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001705 biolink:NamedThing pure red-cell aplasia A disease characterized by normocytic, normochromic anemia, low hematocrit, reticulocytopenia, and selective erythroid hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002281 biolink:NamedThing macrocytic anemia Anemia that is characterized by increased red blood cell volume. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004139 biolink:NamedThing normocytic anemia Anemia in which the red blood cell volume is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015194 biolink:NamedThing sideroblastic anemia A group of rare heterogeneous inherited or acquired bone marrow disorders, isolated or part of a syndrome, characterized by decreased hemoglobin synthesis, because of defective use of iron (although plasmatic iron levels may be normal or elevated) and the presence of ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow due to the pathologic iron overload in mitochondria as visualized by Perls' staining. The group encompasses (idiopathic) acquired sideroblastic anemia and constitutional sideroblastic anemias. The latter include syndromic sideroblastic anemias such as Pearson syndrome, mitochondrial mypathy and sideroblastic anemias, x-linked sideroblastic anemia-ataxia, thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome and nonsyndromic sideroblastic anemias comprising x-linked and autosomal recessive sideroblastic anemias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015909 biolink:NamedThing aplastic anemia Anemia resulting from bone marrow failure (aplastic or hypoplastic bone marrow). The production of erythroblasts and red cells is markedly decreased, and it may be associated with decreased production of granulocytes (granulocytopenia) and platelets (thrombocytopenia) as well. Aplastic anemia may be idiopathic or secondary due to bone marrow damage by toxins, radiation, or immunologic factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016242 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin C disease Hemoglobin C disease (HbC) is a hemoglobinopathy characterized by production of abnormal variant hemoglobin known as hemoglobin C, with no or mild clinical manifestations (hemolytic anemia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016243 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin E disease Hemoglobin E disease (HbE) is a hemoglobinopathy characterized by production of abnormal variant hemoglobin known as hemoglobin E, with a generally benign, asymptomatic presentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017144 biolink:NamedThing alpha-thalassemia and related diseases DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017145 biolink:NamedThing beta-thalassemia and related diseases DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017146 biolink:NamedThing sickle cell disease and related diseases DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017238 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobinopathy Toms River DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017397 biolink:NamedThing constitutional dyserythropoietic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018963 biolink:NamedThing hereditary methemoglobinemia Methemoglobinemia inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. It is caused by deficiency of the enzyme NADH methemoglobin reductase or the presence of abnormal hemoglobin M. It presents with cyanosis early in life. There is no evidence of cardiopulmonary disease present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019537 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin D disease Hemoglobin D disease(HbD) is a hemoglobinopathy characterized by production of abnormal variant hemoglobin known as hemoglobin D, with no or mild clinical manifestations (splenomegaly, very mild anemia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020584 biolink:NamedThing anemia due to enzyme disorder Any form of anemia that results from the absence of, or the defective action of, any enzyme. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020725 biolink:NamedThing anemia due to chronic disorder Anemia due to a disorder that is persistent or long-standing in nature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009332 biolink:NamedThing congenital hematological disorder A disorder of the blood that is present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001902 biolink:NamedThing congenital agammaglobulinemia An instance of agammaglobulinemia that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008502 biolink:NamedThing sulfhemoglobinemia, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008554 biolink:NamedThing thrombocythemia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012465 biolink:NamedThing hypercoagulability syndrome due to glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency The combination of a propensity for venous thrombosis and seizures has been reported in two unrelated kindreds. Transmission is autosomal recessive. It results from a point mutation of PIGM, which reduces transcription of PIGM and blocks mannosylation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), leading to partial but severe deficiency of GPI. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014449 biolink:NamedThing congenital analbuminemia Congenital analbuminemia (CAA) is characterized by the absence or dramatic reduction of circulating human serum albumin (HSA). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015134 biolink:NamedThing constitutional neutropenia A rare disorder characterized by recurrent infantile infections and absence of neutrophils in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016540 biolink:NamedThing congenital secondary polycythemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000583 biolink:NamedThing immunoglobulin beta deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002468 biolink:NamedThing hyperimmunoglobulin syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003739 biolink:NamedThing selective immunoglobulin deficiency disease A broad classification of dysgammaglobulinemias characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of one of the five immunoglobulin classes. Deficiencies of immunoglobulins present variably according to isotype. Selective deficiencies may be caused by decreased or inefficient production from progenitor B cells without any corresponding decreases in the other isotypes. The clinical course and prognosis is dependent upon the severity of the selective deficiency and associated morbidity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015977 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia A decreased level of serum immunoglobulins. It may be inherited or acquired. It is caused by decreased or inefficient production of immunoglobulins from B cells or by a decrease in the numbers of B cells themselves. Low levels of immunoglobulins will affect the immune system's ability to combat bacterial infection. Supplementation of immunoglobulins is needed to prevent worsening outcomes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000584 biolink:NamedThing B cell linker protein deficiency A hypobammaglobulinemia that is a B cell deficiency that has material basis in a mutation in a cytoplasmic linker or adaptor protein that plays a critical role in B cell development, the B cell linker protein (BLNK) gene. Mutations in this gene cause hypoglobulinemia and absent B cells, a disease in which the pro- to pre-B-cell transition is developmentally blocked. The BLNK gene is associated with intracellular calcium mobilization, essential for cell activation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010296 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 61 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015696 biolink:NamedThing Good syndrome Good syndrome, also known as thymoma-immunodeficiency, is a very rare acquired immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by the association of thymoma and combined B-cell and T-cell immunodeficiency of adult onset with increased susceptibility to infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016462 biolink:NamedThing isolated agammaglobulinemia Isolated agammaglobulinemia (IA) is the non-syndromic form of agammaglobulinemia, a primary immunodeficiency disease, and is characterized by deficient gamma globulins and associated predisposition to frequent and recurrent infections from infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018338 biolink:NamedThing activated PI3K-delta syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030519 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 9, autosomal recessive An autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent bacterial infections associated with agammaglobulinemia and absence of circulating B cells. Additional features include failure to thrive and skin involvement. The severity is variable: more severe cases may require hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, whereas others can be treated effectively with Ig replacement therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030529 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 10, autosomal dominant An agammaglobulinemia characterized by early-childhood onset of recurrent viral and bacterial infections affecting various organ systems, particularly the sinopulmonary system. Laboratory studies show low or absent circulating B cells and hypo- or agammaglobulinemia. Affected individuals may have adverse reactions to certain vaccinations, such as the polio vaccine. Treatment with replacement Ig is effective; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800146 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia, autosomal recessive, due to BOB1 deficiency Any agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is autosomal recessive deficiency in the BOB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024623 biolink:NamedThing otorhinolaryngologic disease Pathological processes of the ear, the nose, and the throat, also known as the ENT diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002436 biolink:NamedThing nasal disorder A disease involving the nose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015070 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the larynx. This category includes paraganglioma, carcinoid tumor, small cell carcinoma, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015386 biolink:NamedThing epignathus Epignathus is a very rare and life threatening intraoral teratoma, usually arising from the maxilla, mandible, palate or base of skull and invading the cranium, nasopharynx or oral cavity. Epignathus is more commonly seen in females, and presents with various manifestations (depending on the tumor size) including obstructive polyhydramnios in the prenatal period and dyspnea, cyanosis, cough, difficulty in sucking and swallowing, and rarely vomiting (due to swallowing difficulties) postnatally. When large, they can lead to airway obstruction, asphyxia and death in the neonatal period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015393 biolink:NamedThing nasal ganglioglioma Nasal ganglioglioma is a rare tumor, presenting in newborns, containing both neuronal and astrocytic components and that can be endonasal, extranasal or both. It is usually identified as a nasal mass that may cause feeding difficulties and nasal obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015476 biolink:NamedThing cysts and fistulae of the face and oral cavity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015504 biolink:NamedThing larynx anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015505 biolink:NamedThing tracheal anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015604 biolink:NamedThing middle ear anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015743 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy Idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy is a rare otorhinolaryngologic disease characterized by dysfunction of both peripheral labyrinths or of the eighth nerves, which presents with persistent unsteadiness of gait (particularly in darkness, during eye closure or under impaired visual conditions, or when standing/walking on uneven, soft or wobbly ground) and oscillopsia associated with head movements. The disease may be progressive, presenting no episodes of vertigo, or sequential, presenting recurrent episodes of vertigo. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016217 biolink:NamedThing mal de Debarquement Mal de debarquement (MdD) is a rare otorhinolaryngological disease characterized by a persistent sensation of motion such as rocking, swaying, tumbling and/or bobbing following a period of exposure to passive movement, usually an ocean cruise or other types of water, train, automobile or air travel and less commonly other movements (like sleeping on a waterbed). Onset may be spontaneous in some patients. Manifestations begin shortly after the stimulus, persist for 6 months to years and may be associated with anxiety, fatigue and impaired cognition. Symptoms are often accentuated when in an enclosed space or when attempting to be motionless (sitting, lying down or standing in a stationary position) and are relieved when in passive motion such as in a moving car, airplane or train. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017340 biolink:NamedThing juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare and benign but locally aggressive fibrovascular tumor arising from the posterolateral wall of the nasopharynx, which affects mainly young and adolescent males (onset usually occurring between 7-19 years of age) and that presents as a mass in the nasopharynx and nasal cavity, leading to manifestations such as nasal obstruction, epistaxis, profound facial swelling, proptosis or diplopia. Although slowly progressive, it has a high rate of recurrence and sometimes invades adjacent structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018484 biolink:NamedThing semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome Semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) syndrome is a rare otorhinolaryngologic disease characterized by the uni- or bilateral dehiscence of the bone(s) overlying the superior (most common), lateral or posterior semicircular canal(s). Patients present audiological (autophony, aural fullness, conductive hearing loss, pulsatile tinnitus) and/or vestibular symptoms (sound or pressure-evoked oscillopsia or vertigo, characteristic vertical-torsional eye movements), depending on which semicircular canal is affected. Posterior SCD syndrome is associated with high-riding jugular bulb and fibrous dysplasia, while lateral SCD syndrome is associated with chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma, with or without audiological and vestibular symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019108 biolink:NamedThing silent sinus syndrome Silent sinus syndrome is characterised by adult-onset progressive enophthalmos due to collapse of some or all of the maxillary sinus walls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021205 biolink:NamedThing disorder of ear A disease that involves the ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002081 biolink:NamedThing musculoskeletal system disorder A disease involving the musculoskeletal system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002183 biolink:NamedThing enthesopathy A disorder involving the attachment of a tendon or ligament to a bone DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006438 biolink:NamedThing synovial chondromatosis Synovial chondromatosis is a type of non-cancerous tumor that arises in the lining of a joint. The knee is most commonly affected, however it can affect any joint. The tumors begin as small nodules of cartilage. These nodules can separate and become loose within the joint. Some tumors may be no larger than a grain of rice. Synovial chondromatosis most commonly occurs in adults ages 20 to 50. Signs and symptoms may include pain, swelling, a decreased range of motion, and locking of the joint. The exact underlying cause of the condition is unknown. Treatment may involve surgery to remove the tumor. Recurrence of the condition is common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007177 biolink:NamedThing auriculoosteodysplasia Auriculoosteodysplasia is a very rare condition characterized by multiple osseous dysplasia, characteristic ear shape (elongation of the lobe that is attached and accompanied by a small, slightly posterior lobule) and somewhat short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045044 biolink:NamedThing ligament disorder A disease or disorder that involves the ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056799 biolink:NamedThing synovium disorder A disease or disorder that involves the layer of synovial tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100010 biolink:NamedThing tendinopathy Disorders that are causes by overuse of tendons. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003620 biolink:NamedThing peripheral nervous system disorder A disease involving the peripheral nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001406 biolink:NamedThing peripheral nervous system neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from a peripheral nerve or the perineural sheaths. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001563 biolink:NamedThing vestibulocochlear nerve disorder A disease involving the vestibulocochlear nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001810 biolink:NamedThing hypoglossal nerve disorder A disease involving the hypoglossal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002098 biolink:NamedThing facial nerve disorder A disease involving the facial nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002173 biolink:NamedThing neuroma A tumor that grows from a nerve or is composed of nerve cells and nerve fibers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002636 biolink:NamedThing accessory nerve disorder A disease involving the accessory XI nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002639 biolink:NamedThing glossopharyngeal nerve disorder A disease involving the glossopharyngeal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002959 biolink:NamedThing radiculopathy Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see spinal nerve roots) which may result from compression related to intervertebral disk displacement; spinal cord injuries; spinal diseases; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003543 biolink:NamedThing trigeminal nerve disorder A disease involving the trigeminal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003546 biolink:NamedThing third cranial nerve disorder A disease involving the oculomotor nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005244 biolink:NamedThing peripheral neuropathy A disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. It manifests with pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. It may be the result of physical injury, toxic substances, viral diseases, diabetes, renal failure, cancer, and drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006903 biolink:NamedThing peroneal nerve paralysis Paralysis of the nerves located in the legs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007002 biolink:NamedThing trochlear nerve disorder A disease involving the trochlear nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020594 biolink:NamedThing abducens nerve disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the abducens nerve (sixth cranial nerve). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005503 biolink:NamedThing developmental disorder of mental health A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psychological or physical development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000594 biolink:NamedThing pervasive developmental disorder A category of developmental disorders characterized by impaired communication and socialization skills. The impairments are incongruent with the individual's developmental level or mental age. These disorders can be associated with general medical or genetic conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100038 biolink:NamedThing complex neurodevelopmental disorder A disorder that involves more than one phenotype associated with the central nervous system, including but not limited to intellectual disability, autism, and seizures (epilepsy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100456 biolink:NamedThing neonatal encephalopathy with non-epileptic myoclonus A disorder characterized onset at birth of profound encephalopathy with hypotonia, Respiratory insufficiency central hypoventilation, a persistent suppression burst pattern of EEG background, and recurrent bouts of myoclonus that are not accompanied by epileptic discharges on electroencephalography. Evolution to pharmacoresistant seizures is common and continued profound global developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100465 biolink:NamedThing complex neurodevelopmental disorder with or without congenital anomalies A complex neurodevelopmental disorder that involves more than one phenotype associated with the central nervous system, including but not limited to intellectual disability, autism, and seizures (epilepsy), in addition to one or more structural or functional anomaly(ies) that develops prenatally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100516 biolink:NamedThing complex neurodevelopmental disorder with motor features A complex neurodevelopmental disorder that involves more than one phenotype associated with the central nervous system, including but not limited to intellectual disability, autism, and seizures (epilepsy). Additionally, the disorder features at least one phenotype associated with motor function, including but not limited to spasticity, hypo- or hypertonia, dyskinesia, choreo-athetosis, or ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000595 biolink:NamedThing sexual and gender identity disorders A category of psychiatric disorders characterized by a disturbance in sexual desire and in the psychophysiological changes that make up the sexual response cycle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002025 biolink:NamedThing psychiatric disorder A disorder characterized by behavioral and/or psychological abnormalities, often accompanied by physical symptoms. The symptoms may cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social and occupational areas of functioning. Representative examples include anxiety disorders, cognitive disorders, mood disorders and schizophrenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001160 biolink:NamedThing dissociative disorder A category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, and/or perception of the environment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001162 biolink:NamedThing impulse control disorder A category of behaviors that can be loosely defined as the failure to resist an impulsive act or behavior that may be harmful to self or others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001500 biolink:NamedThing gender identity disorder A disorder characterized by a strong and persistent cross-gender identification (such as stating a desire to be the other sex or frequently passing as the other sex) coupled with persistent discomfort with his or her sex (manifested in adults, for example, as a preoccupation with altering primary and secondary sex characteristics through hormonal manipulation or surgery). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002028 biolink:NamedThing personality disorder A diverse category of psychiatric disorders characterized by behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's culture; this pattern of deviation is pervasive and inflexible and is stable over time. The behavioral pattern negatively interferes with relationships and work. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002039 biolink:NamedThing cognitive disorder A disease affects cognitive processes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002103 biolink:NamedThing factitious disorder A category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by physical or psychological symptoms that are intentionally produced in order to assume the sick role; there is no external incentive for the behavior, such as economic gain or avoiding legal responsibility, and the person is unaware of any self-motivating factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002494 biolink:NamedThing substance-related disorder A category of psychiatric disorders which include disorders related to the taking of a drug of abuse (including alcohol, prescribed medications and recreational drugs). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003117 biolink:NamedThing somatoform disorder A category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by the presence of physical symptoms that suggest a medical condition but are not fully explained by any known medical reasons. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005451 biolink:NamedThing eating disorder A broad group of psychological disorders with abnormal eating behaviors leading to physiological effects from overeating or insufficient food intake. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800105 biolink:NamedThing catatonia A psychiatric disorder featuring stupor, posturing, and echophenomena. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850100 biolink:NamedThing body integrity dysphoria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000596 biolink:NamedThing paraphilic disorder Disorders that include recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors generally involving nonhuman objects, suffering of oneself or partners, or children or other nonconsenting partners. (from DSM-V) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000947 biolink:NamedThing psychosexual disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000946 biolink:NamedThing psychologic vaginismus Involuntary spasm of the outer muscles of the vagina during penetration that results from a psychological cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001196 biolink:NamedThing psychologic dyspareunia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001821 biolink:NamedThing hypoactive sexual desire disorder A disorder characterized by a recurrent or persistent lack of desire for sexual activity. The lack of sexual desire is not attributable to another psychiatric disorder or to the physiological effects of substance use or a general medical condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040674 biolink:NamedThing orgasm disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000597 biolink:NamedThing Munchausen by proxy A factitious disorder that involves a care giver's deliberate exaggeration, fabrication, and/or induce physical, psychological, behavioral, and/or mental health problems in others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000598 biolink:NamedThing aphasia A language disorder that involves an acquired impairment of any laguage modality such as producting or comprehending spoken or written language. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004750 biolink:NamedThing language disorder A category of disorders characterized by an impairment in the development of an individual's language capabilities, which is in contrast to his/her non-verbal intellect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001276 biolink:NamedThing expressive language disorder A disorder characterized by an impairment in the development of an individual's expressive language which is in contrast to his/her nonverbal intellect and receptive language development. The impairment may be acquired (i.e., due to a brain lesion or head trauma) or developmental (i.e., no known neurological insult). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001568 biolink:NamedThing mixed receptive-expressive language disorder A disorder characterized by an impairment in the development of an individual's expressive and receptive language capabilities which is in contrast to his/her nonverbal intellect. The impairment may be acquired (i.e., due to a brain lesion or head trauma) or developmental (i.e., no known neurological insult). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002903 biolink:NamedThing articulation disorder A disorder characterized by the failure to use developmentally expected speech sounds that are appropriate for the individual's age (i.e., the individual makes errors in sound production or use or omits sounds such as final consonants). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000599 biolink:NamedThing writing disorder A learning disability that involves impaired written language ability such as impairments in handwriting, spelling, organization of ideas, and composition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001552 biolink:NamedThing dyscalculia A wide group of related learning disorders characterized by difficulties with mathematics and manipulating numbers; the difficulty with math may be caused or exacerbated by visuo-spatial or language processing difficulties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001697 biolink:NamedThing reading disorder A learning disability involving difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors which affect any part of the reading process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000600 biolink:NamedThing nosophobia A specific phobia that involves an irrational fear of contracting a disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003727 biolink:NamedThing animal phobia An overwhelming, irrational, and persistent fear of animals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003748 biolink:NamedThing flying phobia An overwhelming, irrational, and persistent fear of traveling in an aircraft. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005570 biolink:NamedThing hematologic disorder A disease involving the hematopoietic system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001531 biolink:NamedThing blood coagulation disease A condition in which there is a deviation from or interruption of the normal coagulation properties of the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002332 biolink:NamedThing splenic disorder A disease involving the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002334 biolink:NamedThing hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm Neoplasms of the hematopoietic system, including hematopoietic cell neoplasms (e.g. leukemias, lymphomas) and non-hematopoietic cell neoplasms that can affect the hematopoietic system (e.g. lymph node and splenic sarcomas). --2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002901 biolink:NamedThing blood group incompatibility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004960 biolink:NamedThing monoclonal gammopathy A condition characterized by the abnormal presence of monoclonal immunoglobulins in the blood or urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005956 biolink:NamedThing septicemic plague A plague in which the bacteria have entered the bloodstream. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006789 biolink:NamedThing hyperamylasemia Abnormally high level of amylase in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014274 biolink:NamedThing L-ferritin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018678 biolink:NamedThing polyclonal hyperviscosity syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044347 biolink:NamedThing erythrocyte disorder A disease or disorder that involves the erythrocyte. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060782 biolink:NamedThing premalignant hematological system disease A hematologic disorder which does not display the morphologic and/or clinical characteristics of an overt malignancy. Representative examples include atypical lymphoproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100089 biolink:NamedThing GATA1-Related X-Linked Cytopenia X-Linked cytopenia characterized by anemia and/or thrombocytopenia. Additional features including platelet dysfunction, dyserythropoesis, mild beta-thalassemia, neutropenia, or congenital erythropoetic porphyria may be present. These GATA1 variants are germline as opposed to GATA1 variants seen in leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004995 biolink:NamedThing cardiovascular disorder A disease involving the cardiovascular system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017388 biolink:NamedThing celiac trunk compression syndrome A rare disease caused by compression of the celiac axis by an abnormally shaped arcuate ligament (the part of the diaphragm in which both pillars join in the midline around the aorta). Patients have recurrent abdominal pain, anorexia and weight loss. The pain is epigastric, and diarrhea or constipation may be present as well. Onset of pain will usually, although not always, be after food intake, and may be associated with nausea and emesis. Other symptoms may include lassitude, exercise intolerance and vomiting. Occasionally, a patient may show an abdominal murmur upon auscultation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024757 biolink:NamedThing cardiovascular neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the heart and/or vessels. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include atrial myxoma, hemangioma, and lymphangioma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include pericardial malignant mesothelioma and angiosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000605 biolink:NamedThing hypersensitivity reaction disease An immune system disease that has basis in dysregulation of the hypersensitivity reaction, an inflammatory response to an exogenous environmental antigen or an endogenous antigen initiated by the adaptive immune system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005046 biolink:NamedThing immune system disorder A disorder resulting from an abnormality in the immune system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005095 biolink:NamedThing spondyloarthropathy A group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases associated with arthritis and enthesitis, and often involving the axial skeleton. The most common form of spondyloarthritis is ankylosing spondylitis. Other forms include axial spondyloarthritis, peripheral spondyloarthritis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis/spondylitis and enteropathic arthritis/spondylitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005175 biolink:NamedThing aggressive insulitis Insulitis is an inflammatory infiltration of the islets of Langerhans found especially in young patients with recent onset type 1 diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005176 biolink:NamedThing benign insulitis A benign form of insulitis which is an inflammation of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. The pancreas and in some cases the Pancreatic β-cells become infiltrated by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and infiltrated by mononuclear cells, leading to inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012105 biolink:NamedThing granulomatosis with polyangiitis A small-vessel necrotizing vasculitis characterised by the association of inflammation of the vessel wall and peri- and extravascular granulomatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013730 biolink:NamedThing graft versus host disease An immune system disorder that occurs after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and is a reaction of donor immune cells against host tissues. Activated donor T cells damage host epithelial cells after an inflammatory cascade that begins with the preparative regimen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014912 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset periodic fever-panniculitis-dermatosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016351 biolink:NamedThing anti-HLA hyperimmunization Anti-HLA hyperimmunization is an increase in anti-HLA antigens mostly seen in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients that have undergone hemodialysis and polytransfusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017769 biolink:NamedThing acquired immunodeficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017787 biolink:NamedThing erythroderma desquamativum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019805 biolink:NamedThing twin to twin transfusion syndrome Twin twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a rare condition seen in twin monochorionic pregnancies, typically developing during the 15-26 week gestation period and usually due to unbalanced intertwin placental anastomoses, where an unequal exchange of blood between twins causes oligohydramnios in one sac and polyhydramnios in the other which can lead to a high perinatal mortality rate and a high rate of disability in survivors if left untreated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021334 biolink:NamedThing immunoproliferative disorder Disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of primary cells of the immune system or by excessive production of immunoglobulins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022919 biolink:NamedThing cytokine receptor deficiency A disease that has its basis in the disruption of cytokine receptor activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024572 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency-related disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that develops in a patient with immunodeficiency. Representative examples include AIDS-related disorders and disorders that develop following organ transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024627 biolink:NamedThing phagocytic cell dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043768 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenic purpura Purpura associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044986 biolink:NamedThing lymphoid system disorder A disease or disorder that involves the lymphoid system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600008 biolink:NamedThing cytokine release syndrome A syndrome that occurs after therapeutic infusion of antibodies into the blood and is characterized by nausea, headache, tachycardia, hypotension, rash, and shortness of breath. It is caused by the release of cytokines from the cells that are targeted by the antibodies. Most patients experience a mild to moderate reaction; however, the reaction may be severe and life-threatening. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850068 biolink:NamedThing early-onset autoimmunity-autoinflammation-immunodeficiency syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850070 biolink:NamedThing CADINS disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000607 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma A T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising from the skin. Representative examples include mycosis fungoides and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018898 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous lymphoma Cutaneous lymphoma is a heterogeneous entity with respect to its clinical and pathological features, evolutive profile, prognosis, molecular aetiology and response to therapy. These specifications have been taken into account in recent classifications, which have placed particular importance on the prognostic implications of these different entities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015820 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001339 biolink:NamedThing portal vein thrombosis The formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the portal vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002907 biolink:NamedThing intracranial thrombosis Formation or presence of a blood clot (thrombus) in a blood vessel within the skull. Intracranial thrombosis can lead to thrombotic occlusions and brain infarction. The majority of the thrombotic occlusions are associated with atherosclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006716 biolink:NamedThing coronary thrombosis Coagulation of blood in any of the coronary vessels. The presence of a blood clot (thrombus) often leads to myocardial infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018048 biolink:NamedThing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a drug-induced, immune-mediated prothrombotic disorder associated with thrombocytopenia and venous and/or arterial thrombosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018854 biolink:NamedThing acquired purpura fulminans A life-threatening, rapidly progressive thrombotic disorder affecting mainly neonates and children that is characterized by purpuric skin lesions and disseminated intravascular coagulation. PF may progress rapidly to multi-organ failure caused by thrombotic occlusion of small and medium-sized blood vessels. There are two forms of PF that are classified according to triggering mechanisms: acute infectious (the most common form), and idiopathic PF. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035008 biolink:NamedThing isolated splenic vein thrombosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035009 biolink:NamedThing isolated mesenteric vein thrombosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002242 biolink:NamedThing coagulation protein disease Congenital or acquired deficiency of one of the coagulation factors. It results in bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002305 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia A condition characterized by an abnormally high level of thrombi. Causes include thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, disseminated intravascular coagulation, bone marrow disorders, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006784 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhagic disease of newborn A condition characterized as a coagulation disturbance in newborns due to vitamin K deficiency resulting in impaired production of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, and proteins C and S by the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019737 biolink:NamedThing thrombotic microangiopathy The syndromes of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and variable signs of organ impairment, due to platelet aggregation in the microcirculation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044744 biolink:NamedThing prekallikrein deficiency A condition characterized by the congenital or acquired deficiency of prekallikrein. This deficiency is usually not associated with bleeding. The congenital deficiency is very rare. Acquired deficiency may occur in diffuse intravascular coagulation, infections, and sickle cell disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000611 biolink:NamedThing pre-malignant neoplasm A disease of cellular proliferation that results in abnormal growths in the body, which do not invade or destroy the surrounding tissue but, given enough time, will transform into a cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005070 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm A benign or malignant tissue growth resulting from uncontrolled cell proliferation. Benign neoplastic cells resemble normal cells without exhibiting significant cytologic atypia, while malignant cells exhibit overt signs such as dysplastic features, atypical mitotic figures, necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism, and anaplasia. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include papillomas, cystadenomas, and lipomas; malignant neoplasms include carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, and leukemias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002171 biolink:NamedThing giant cell tumor A benign, intermediate, or malignant tumor that arises from the bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002531 biolink:NamedThing skin neoplasm A benign or malignant tumor involving the skin. Representative examples of benign skin neoplasms include the benign melanocytic skin nevus, acanthoma, sebaceous adenoma, sweat gland adenoma, lipoma, hemangioma, fibroma, and benign fibrous histiocytoma. Representative examples of malignant skin neoplasms include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and Kaposi sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002616 biolink:NamedThing mesenchymal cell neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the mesenchyma-derived cells of the soft tissue or bone. Representative examples include lipoma, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002872 biolink:NamedThing trophoblastic neoplasm A gestational or non-gestational neoplasm composed of neoplastic trophoblastic cells. Representative examples include hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005040 biolink:NamedThing germ cell tumor A benign or malignant, gonadal or extragonadal neoplasm that originates from germ cells. Representative examples include teratoma, seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, and yolk sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005398 biolink:NamedThing upper aerodigestive tract neoplasm Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the lip; oral cavity; pharynx; larynx; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the nose and paranasal sinuses; salivary glands; thyroid gland and parathyroid glands; and melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005509 biolink:NamedThing histiocytoma A mesenchymal tumor composed of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005564 biolink:NamedThing embryonal neoplasm A usually malignant neoplasm composed of primitive (immature) tissues that resemble fetal tissues. Medulloblastoma, Ependymoblastoma, Pineoblastoma, and Wilms tumor are representative embryonal neoplasms. --2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005586 biolink:NamedThing head and neck neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the anatomic structures of the head and neck region. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma and nasal cavity papilloma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005626 biolink:NamedThing epithelial neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from and is composed of epithelial cells. This category include adenomas, papillomas, and carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006323 biolink:NamedThing non-seminomatous lesion A group of testicular cancers that begin in the germ cells (cells that give rise to sperm). Nonseminomas are identified by the type of cell in which they begin and include embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, choriocarcinoma, and yolk sac carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006328 biolink:NamedThing odontogenic cyst A cyst in the jaw that arises from tissues of tooth development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006368 biolink:NamedThing phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor An extremely rare, benign or malignant mesenchymal tumor arising from the soft tissues or bones. It is a distinctive tumor, which usually displays the following morphologic characteristics: low cellularity, myxoid changes, presence of spindled cells and osteoclasts, hemangiopericytoma-like vessels, hemorrhage, and osteoid-like matrix. It is associated with the presence of a paraneoplastic syndrome called osteogenic osteomalacia. This syndrome usually precedes the appearance of the tumor, and it is characterized by phosphaturia, hypophosphatemia, normal serum calcium levels, and decreased levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Patients present with bone and muscle pain, severe muscle weakness, fractures, gait disturbances, skeletal deformity, height loss, and slow growth. The metabolic disturbances improve or completely disappear after the complete resection of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006460 biolink:NamedThing thyroglossal duct cyst A congenital benign cyst arising from the remnants of the thyroglossal duct. It is usually located in the midline of the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006499 biolink:NamedThing hamartoma A benign and excessive tumor-like growth of mature cells and normal tissues which grow in a disorganized pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006854 biolink:NamedThing mesenchymoma A term describing a soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006856 biolink:NamedThing mesothelial neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. Mesothelial cells are the lining cells of the pleura and peritoneum. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006901 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the peritoneal cavity. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include adenomatoid tumor and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include primary peritoneal carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma to the peritoneum, and malignant mesothelioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015157 biolink:NamedThing human herpesvirus 8-related tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015682 biolink:NamedThing primary peritoneal tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017341 biolink:NamedThing virus associated tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017588 biolink:NamedThing nail tumor A neoplasm involving a nail. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018191 biolink:NamedThing tumor of testis and paratestis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020664 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021043 biolink:NamedThing mixed neoplasm A neoplasm composed of at least two distinct cellular populations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021066 biolink:NamedThing urinary system neoplasm A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm involving the urinary system. --2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021077 biolink:NamedThing cystic neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that contains a single or multiple cystic spaces. Examples include cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and serous cystadenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021079 biolink:NamedThing childhood neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021248 biolink:NamedThing nervous system neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021350 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of thorax A neoplasm (disease) that involves the thoracic segment of trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021581 biolink:NamedThing connective tissue neoplasm Neoplasms composed of connective tissue, including elastic, mucous, reticular, osseous, and cartilaginous tissue. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in connective tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022609 biolink:NamedThing bronchial adenomas/carcinoids childhood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022986 biolink:NamedThing diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia A very rare condition characterized by generalized proliferation of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. It manifests as progressive cough and dyspnea. It is considered a precursor for pulmonary carcinoid tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023089 biolink:NamedThing erythroplakia A clinical term that refers to the presence of a red flat and well defined lesion on the oral mucosa that is not caused by trauma, vascular, or inflammatory processes. It is a precancerous condition and is seen more commonly in middle aged or older males. It is associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption. Microscopic examination reveals severe epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, or invasive squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035159 biolink:NamedThing dermoid or epidermoid cyst of the central nervous system A rare congenital tumor characterized by a benign cyst with epithelial and epidermoid components, originating from embryologic displacement and ectopic growth of ectodermal tissue in the central nervous system. In contrast to epidermoid cysts, dermoid cysts also contain dermis and skin appendages. Most common location is the lumbosacral region, as well as the cerebellopontine angle and parasellar area for intracranial lesions. Clinical presentation depends on the location and size of the tumor and includes pain, muscle weakness, motor and sensory disturbances, and incontinence for intraspinal lesions, and intracranial hypertension, gait disturbances, cranial nerve dysfunction, and visual deficits for intracranial tumors. The cysts may rupture and cause chemical meningitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044334 biolink:NamedThing connective and soft tissue neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm that affects the connective and soft tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700215 biolink:NamedThing NTRK fusion positive cancer Neoplasm defined by the expression of a Neurotrophic Tyrosine Receptor Kinase (NTRK) Fusion. NTRK fusion-positive tumors have been identified in a broad range of solid tumor types, including breast, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal, gynecological, neuroendocrine, non-small cell lung, salivary gland, pancreatic, sarcoma and thyroid cancers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700216 biolink:NamedThing RET fusion positive cancer Neoplasm defined by the expression of a RET (REarranged during Transfection) fusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021074 biolink:NamedThing precancerous condition A pathological process with signs indicating it may become cancerous. Representative examples include leukoplakia, dysplastic nevus, actinic keratosis, xeroderma pigmentosum, and intraepithelial neoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020174 biolink:NamedThing precancerous lesion of palpebral epidermis A precancerous condition that involves the skin of eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024474 biolink:NamedThing intraepithelial neoplasia A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the squamous, glandular, or transitional cell epithelium without evidence of invasion. According to the degree of nuclear atypia, number of mitotic figures, and presence of architectural distortion, it is classified as low grade (mild dysplasia) or high grade (moderate or severe dysplasia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043243 biolink:NamedThing leukoplakia A white patch or plaque on a mucous membrane that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease. The diagnosis of leukoplakia is one of exclusion; other conditions such as candidiasis, lichen planus, leukoedema, etc., must be ruled out before a diagnosis of leukoplakia can be made. Leukoplakia may be a premalignant condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100190 biolink:NamedThing gastric intestinal metaplasia Metaplastic changes in the lining of the upper digestive tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000612 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the lymphatic part of lymphoid system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002571 biolink:NamedThing primary central nervous system lymphoma A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the brain or spinal cord as a primary lesion. There is no evidence of lymphoma outside the central nervous system at the time of diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002586 biolink:NamedThing thymus cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the thymus. This category includes malignant thymomas, thymic lymphomas, primary thymic carcinomas, and metastatic carcinomas from other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002756 biolink:NamedThing solitary plasmacytoma of chest wall A solitary plasmacytoma that arises from the chest wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004685 biolink:NamedThing Waldeyer's ring cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the tonsillar ring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006117 biolink:NamedThing breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the breast. It is the most common type of primary breast lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006150 biolink:NamedThing colon Burkitt lymphoma A rare Burkitt lymphoma that arises from the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006158 biolink:NamedThing colorectal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the colon or rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006225 biolink:NamedThing gastric mantle cell lymphoma A mantle cell lymphoma that affects the stomach. It may arise as a solitary mass or it may be a component of multifocal lymphomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract. It usually has an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006268 biolink:NamedThing liver diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A rare diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the liver and the bulk of the tumor is located in the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006387 biolink:NamedThing primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that is localized to the lungs at the time of presentation. Signs and symptoms include cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006416 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal Burkitt lymphoma A Burkitt lymphoma that arises from the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006417 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006462 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma primarily involving the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009693 biolink:NamedThing plasma cell myeloma A bone marrow-based plasma cell neoplasm characterized by a serum monoclonal protein and skeletal destruction with osteolytic lesions, pathological fractures, bone pain, hypercalcemia, and anemia. Clinical variants include non-secretory myeloma, smoldering myeloma, indolent myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015818 biolink:NamedThing aggressive primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015819 biolink:NamedThing indolent primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018223 biolink:NamedThing systemic Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of childhood Systemic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of childhood is a rare and very aggressive neoplastic disease emerging after a primary acute or chronic active EBV infection. It presents with persisting fever and malaise, hepatosplenomegaly with or without lymphadenopathy, liver failure, severe pancytopenia and a rapid progression towards multi-organ failure and hemophagocytic syndrome with a fatal issue. It is characterized by clonal proliferation of EBV-infected T cells with an activated cytotoxic phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019024 biolink:NamedThing mast cell sarcoma A rare entity characterized by localized but destructive growth of a tumor consisting of highly atypical, immature mast cells.(WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005833 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic system disorder A disease involving the lymphatic part of lymphoid system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001112 biolink:NamedThing bubonic plague A plague in which the bacteria have infected the lymphatic system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002637 biolink:NamedThing histiocytosis A morphologic finding indicating tissue infiltration by non-neoplastic or neoplastic histiocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002968 biolink:NamedThing lymphocele A cystic lesion containing lymph. It usually results from injury, gynecologic surgery, or urologic surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005832 biolink:NamedThing lymphangitis Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005834 biolink:NamedThing lymphogranuloma venereum Infection with the organism Mycobacterium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006840 biolink:NamedThing lymphangiectasis Dilatation of the lymphatic vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019297 biolink:NamedThing lymphedema Excess fluid collection in tissues, causing swelling. It is the result of obstruction of lymphatic vessels or lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043959 biolink:NamedThing pseudolymphoma A neoplastic process that resembles a malignant lymphoma, but has a benign course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000615 biolink:NamedThing progesterone-receptor positive breast cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006116 biolink:NamedThing breast carcinoma by gene expression profile A header term that includes the following breast carcinoma subtypes determined by gene expression profiling: luminal A breast carcinoma, luminal B breast carcinoma, HER2 positive breast carcinoma, basal-like breast carcinoma, triple-negative breast carcinoma, and normal breast-like subtype of breast carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000616 biolink:NamedThing progesterone-receptor negative breast cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000618 biolink:NamedThing Her2-receptor negative breast cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004990 biolink:NamedThing breast tumor luminal A or B Subsets of breast carcinoma defined by expression of genes characteristic of luminal epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006244 biolink:NamedThing HER2 positive breast carcinoma A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of HER2, GRB7, and TRAP100, and by lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006324 biolink:NamedThing normal breast-like subtype of breast carcinoma A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of many genes expressed by adipose and other non-epithelial tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006512 biolink:NamedThing estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer A subtype of breast cancer that is estrogen-receptor positive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006513 biolink:NamedThing estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer A subtype of breast cancer that is estrogen-receptor negative DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000620 biolink:NamedThing breast benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the breast parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002732 biolink:NamedThing lung benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the lung parenchyma or the bronchi. Representative examples include lung adenoma, lung hamartoma, and endobronchial lipoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021450 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of heart A benign neoplasm that involves the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021456 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of sternum A benign neoplasm that involves the sternum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021459 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of esophagus A benign neoplasm that involves the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021514 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of pericardium A benign neoplasm that involves the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021521 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of mediastinum A benign neoplasm that involves the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021529 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of chest wall A benign neoplasm that involves the chest wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036781 biolink:NamedThing benign axillary neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the structures of the axilla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021100 biolink:NamedThing breast neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm of the breast parenchyma. It can originate from the ducts, lobules or the breast adipose tissue. Breast neoplasms are much more common in females than males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002482 biolink:NamedThing nipple neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises in the area of the nipple. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002483 biolink:NamedThing breast myoepithelial tumor A benign or malignant tumor that arises from the breast and originates from or is composed of myoepithelial cells. Representative examples include adenomyoepithelioma, myoepitheliosis, and malignant myoepithelioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002485 biolink:NamedThing breast neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm that arises from the breast and is composed of cells of neuroendocrine origin. Most cases are neuroendocrine carcinomas. Primary carcinoid tumors of the breast are very rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002487 biolink:NamedThing breast granular cell tumor A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the breast. It presents as a single, firm, and painless mass. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002488 biolink:NamedThing intraductal breast neoplasm A benign or malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises anywhere in the ductal system of the breast. This category includes intraductal papilloma, intraductal papillary carcinoma, ductal hyperplasia with or without atypia, and ductal carcinoma in situ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003411 biolink:NamedThing breast hemangiopericytoma A hemangiopericytoma arising from the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007254 biolink:NamedThing breast cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the breast. The vast majority of cases are carcinomas arising from the breast parenchyma or the nipple. Malignant breast neoplasms occur more frequently in females than in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015874 biolink:NamedThing benign ductal tumor of breast DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021046 biolink:NamedThing breast fibroepithelial neoplasm A benign or malignant biphasic neoplasm that arises from the breast parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of an epithelial and a mesenchymal (stromal) component. The typical examples are fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000624 biolink:NamedThing benign female reproductive system neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the female reproductive system. Representative examples include uterine corpus leiomyoma, endocervical polyp, and benign ovarian germ cell tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000625 biolink:NamedThing benign male reproductive system neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the male reproductive system. Representative examples include benign prostate phyllodes tumor, benign Sertoli cell tumor, seminal vesicle cystadenoma, and epididymal adenomatoid tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000976 biolink:NamedThing paratesticular lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the paratesticular tissues. It is incidentally discovered and presents as a non-tender scrotal mass. It affects patients over a wide age range. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002110 biolink:NamedThing adrenal rest tumor A benign, testicular or ovarian tumor, derived from adrenal embryonic rest cells. It is composed of hyperplastic adrenal cortical tissue, and it is associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011500 biolink:NamedThing Becker nevus syndrome Becker nevus syndrome is characterized by the presence of a Becker nevus in association withunderdevelopment (hypoplasia)of the breast or other skin-related, muscular, or skeletal defects, all of which usually involve the same side of the bodyas the nevus (ipsilateral). Specific signs and symptoms in addition to the nevus may include ipsilateral breast hypoplasia;skeletal abnormalities such ashypoplasia of the shoulder girdle, scoliosis, fused ribs, and ipsilateral shortness of the arm; and several other features. Thecondition is thought to be sporadic (occurring in individuals with no history of the condition in the family). Treatment varies depending upon the specific symptoms present and the extent of the condition in the affected individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024988 biolink:NamedThing sex cord-stromal benign neoplasm A reproductive organ benign neoplasm that arises in the ovary or testis and that is composed of granulosa cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and/or fibroblasts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002480 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the female reproductive system characterized by the presence of glands and/or cysts lined by neoplastic cells that resemble endometrial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003031 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid stromal and related neoplasms of the cervix A category of rare neoplasms that arise from the cervix. It includes low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated endocervical sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010911 biolink:NamedThing prolactin-producing pituitary gland adenoma Prolactinoma is a usually benign neoplasm of the pituitary gland that results in hyperprolactinemia. The most common clinical manifestations are amenorrhea and infertility in women; and impotence, decreased libido and infertility in men. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021049 biolink:NamedThing vulvar neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the vulva. Representative examples include Bartholin gland adenoma, vulvar nodular hidradenoma, vulvar carcinoma, and vulvar melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021050 biolink:NamedThing vaginal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the vagina. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include squamous papilloma and melanocytic nevus. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, melanoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021068 biolink:NamedThing ovarian neoplasm A benign, borderline, or malignant neoplasm involving the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021092 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the fallopian tube. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include papilloma, adenofibroma, and leiomyoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and adenosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037742 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid stromal and related neoplasms A category of mesenchymal gynecologic neoplasms. It includes endometrial stromal nodule, endometrioid stromal sarcoma, and undifferentiated sarcoma. Endometrial stromal nodule has been described in the uterine corpus only. Histologically, it is characterized by the lack of infiltration of the surrounding tissues. Endometrioid stromal sarcoma affects the uterine corpus, and rarely, the ovaries, cervix, and vagina. In the uterine corpus it is classified as low grade or high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. In the remainder of the anatomic sites it is classified as low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma. Undifferentiated sarcoma was previously also known as high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. In 2014, high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma was reclassified and is currently considered a distinct and rare neoplasm that affects the uterine corpus only. It appears to have a prognosis that falls between low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma. The latter affects the uterine corpus and rarely the remainder of the anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001495 biolink:NamedThing hematocele of tunica vaginalis testis Hemorrhage into a canal or cavity of the body, such as the space covered by the serous membrane (tunica vaginalis) around the testis leading to testicular hematocele or scrotal hematocele. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001496 biolink:NamedThing male genital organ stricture DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001497 biolink:NamedThing male genital organ vascular disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002036 biolink:NamedThing penile disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the penis. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include phimosis, balanitis, and hypospadias. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include hemangioma, penile intraepithelial neoplasia, and penile carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003105 biolink:NamedThing prostate disorder A disease involving the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004920 biolink:NamedThing hydrocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005372 biolink:NamedThing male infertility The inability of the male to effect fertilization of an ovum after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006977 biolink:NamedThing spermatocele A benign testicular cyst that is located in the epididymis, and which contains serous fluid, lymphocytes, spermatozoa, and debris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015933 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation of male A non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation that involves the male organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017213 biolink:NamedThing postorgasmic illness syndrome A rare condition in which a man develops flu-like symptoms after ejaculation (when semen is released from the penis). Specific symptoms can include extreme fatigue, weakness, feverishness or sweating, mood changes or irritability, memory or concentration problems, and/or a stuffy nose or itching eyes. Symptoms may occur within seconds, minutes, or a few hours after ejaculation. Most symptoms last for 2 to 7 days and go away on their own. The underlying cause of POIS is poorly understood. Some scientists believe it may be due to a semen allergy that causes an immediate hypersensitivity reaction. There is no standard treatment for POIS, but some men have been treated with SSRIs, antihistamines, and/or benzodiazepines. Hyposensitization therapy (decreasing the immune response by exposure to semen) reportedly improved symptoms in two men with POIS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045003 biolink:NamedThing scrotal disorder A disease or disorder that involves the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000626 biolink:NamedThing vestibular gland benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the vestibular gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000643 biolink:NamedThing vulvar benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the vulva. Representative examples include cellular angiofibroma, melanocytic nevus, nodular hidradenoma, and Bartholin gland adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002188 biolink:NamedThing vulvar nodular hidradenoma A benign neoplasm that arises from sweat glands in the vulva and is characterized by the presence of lobules composed of epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002190 biolink:NamedThing vulvar syringoma A benign neoplasm that arises from eccrine ducts in the vulva and is characterized by the presence of tubules and cysts which are lined by epithelial cells in the densely fibrotic dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002192 biolink:NamedThing vulvar angiokeratoma An uncommon benign lesion in the vulva. It manifests with multiple papular lesions which are purple in color. They are usually asymptomatic. Histologically, there is hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, and dilated blood vessels in the papillary dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002194 biolink:NamedThing vestibular papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of a delicate fibrovascular stalk lined by squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of epithelial atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002199 biolink:NamedThing benign mixed tumor of the vulva A benign neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of epithelial cells forming nests and tubules in a fibrotic stroma. It may recur locally and complete excision is recommended. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002201 biolink:NamedThing vulvar trichoepithelioma A benign neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of nests of monomorphic basaloid cells forming small cysts that contain keratin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003298 biolink:NamedThing vulvar leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005197 biolink:NamedThing thymus neoplasm A neoplasm that affects the thymus. Representative examples include thymoma and carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006036 biolink:NamedThing granulosa cell tumor A slow-growing, malignant tumor, characterize by the presence of granulosa-like cells and Call-Exner bodies, that is almost always found in the ovary. In rare cases, it has also been found in the testicle. There are two types of granulosa cell tumor that can be distinguished under the microscope: the adult and the juvenile. The testicular juvenile granulosa cell tumors are perhaps the most common congenital testicular neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015074 biolink:NamedThing thyroid tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017611 biolink:NamedThing pituitary tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the pituitary gland. The vast majority are adenomas arising from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019496 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine neoplasm Endocrine tumours, also referred to as neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), are defined by a common phenotype which is characterized by the expression of general markers (neuron specific enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin) and hormone secretion products. These tumours may be localized in any part of the body and are generally discovered in non-specific situations, i.e. not immediately suggestive of NETs (tests for inherited predisposition to tumours or for a clinical syndrome caused by abnormal hormone secretion). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021119 biolink:NamedThing non-functioning endocrine neoplasm A hormone producing or non-producing endocrine neoplasm, not associated with a hormonal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021120 biolink:NamedThing functioning endocrine neoplasm A hormone producing endocrine neoplasm, associated with a hormonal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021227 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the adrenal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021232 biolink:NamedThing pineal body neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the pineal body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021360 biolink:NamedThing tumor of parathyroid gland A neoplasm (disease) that involves the parathyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000628 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system organ benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000633 biolink:NamedThing sensory organ benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the sense organ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000638 biolink:NamedThing benign glioma A form of glioma without malignant characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007154 biolink:NamedThing arteriovenous malformations of the brain Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital malformative communication between the veins and the arteries in the brain in the form of a nidus, an anatomical structure composed of dilated and tangled supplying arterioles and drainage veins with no intervening capillary bed, that can be asymptomatic or cause, depending on the location and the size of the AVM, headaches of varying severity, generalized or focal seizures, focalneurological defects (weakness, numbness, speech difficulties, vision loss) or potentially fatal intracranial hemorrhage in case the AVM ruptures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009578 biolink:NamedThing neurocutaneous melanocytosis Neurocutaneous melanocytosis (NCM) is a rare congenital neurological disorder characterized by abnormal aggregations of nevomelanocytes within the central nervous system (leptomeningeal melanocytosis) associated with large or giant congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN). NCM can be asymptomatic or present as variably severe and progressive neurological impairment, sometimes resulting in death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015405 biolink:NamedThing cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome A disorder characterized by vascular malformations that encompasses a spectrum of phenotypic expression involving arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the cerebral, orbital, and facial region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016748 biolink:NamedThing hemangioblastoma Hemangioblastoma is a rare, benign, highly vascularized tumor of the central nervous system, most often located in the cerebellum or spinal cord, presenting in adulthood and manifesting with dizziness, nausea, malaise, headache, bladder or bowel dysfunction, numbness, weakness and pain in the upper or lower extremities, and often associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL). Exceptional cases of hemangioblastoma arising outside of the central nervous system have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017317 biolink:NamedThing phakomatosis pigmentokeratotica Phakomatosis pigmentokeratotica (PPK) is a very rare epidermal nevus disorder characterized by the association of speckled lentiginous nevi with epidermal sebaceous nevi, and extracutaneous anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019196 biolink:NamedThing Foix-Alajouanine syndrome Foix-Alajouanine syndrome, also called subacute ascending necrotising myelitis, results from chronic congestion of the extrinsic pial veins of the spinal cord and of the intrinsic subpial network. It is characterised by progressive ascending deficit over a period of several months or years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019972 biolink:NamedThing dural sinus malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002640 biolink:NamedThing optic nerve neoplasm Benign and malignant neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the optic or second cranial nerve which extends from the optic disc of the eye and joins the optic chiasm. Clinical features may include visual loss, proptosis, and local pain. The majority of optic nerve tumors or optic gliomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002714 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the central nervous system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003000 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system germ cell tumor A unique group of rare tumors of the central nervous system that affect mainly children and adolescents. Their morphologic and biologic profile corresponds to that of homologous germ cell tumors that arise in the gonads and in other extragonadal sites. Representative examples include: germinoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, and teratoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003641 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system hematopoietic neoplasm A primary or metastatic neoplasm of hematopoietic origin that affects the brain, meninges, or spinal cord. Representative examples include Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, histiocytic tumors, and leukemias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005752 biolink:NamedThing epidural abscess Circumscribed collections of suppurative material occurring in the spinal or intracranial epidural space. The majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are associated with osteomyelitis of a vertebral body; analgesia, epidural; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, urinary incontinence, and fecal incontinence. Cranial epidural abscesses are usually associated with osteomyelitis of a cranial bone, sinusitis, or otitis media. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016743 biolink:NamedThing tumor of meninges A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the meninges. The majority of the neoplasms arise from meningothelial cells and are called meningiomas. Non-meningothelial cell neoplasms include mesenchymal, non-meningothelial tumors, hemangiopericytomas, and melanocytic lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021234 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021381 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of pericardium A neoplasm (disease) that involves the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024296 biolink:NamedThing vascular neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm arising from vascular tissue including arteries, veins, venous sinuses, lymphatic vessels, arterioles and capillaries. It may occur in essentially any body location and is characterized by the presence of vascular channel formation and endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000654 biolink:NamedThing benign connective and soft tissue neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the connective and soft tissue. Representative examples include lipoma, leiomyoma, fibroma, and osteoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044335 biolink:NamedThing benign soft tissue neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the soft tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044983 biolink:NamedThing benign lipomatous neoplasm A benign mesenchymal neoplasm composed of adipose (fatty) tissue. The most common representative of this category is the lipoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045052 biolink:NamedThing benign osteogenic neoplasm A non-metastasizing bone-forming neoplasm. This category includes osteoma, osteoid osteoma, and osteoblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019060 biolink:NamedThing bone neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm involving the bone or articular cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002597 biolink:NamedThing notochordal tumor A bone tumor arising from the remnants of the fetal notochord. This category includes the chordoma and benign notochordal cell tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007767 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007768 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism 2 with jaw tumors An autosomal dominant inherited syndrome characterized by the development of parathyroid adenoma or carcinoma, ossifying fibroma of the mandible and maxilla, renal neoplasms, and renal cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009397 biolink:NamedThing neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism Neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT) is characterized by severe hypercalcemia (> 3.5 mM) from birth and associated with major hyperparathyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012406 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016071 biolink:NamedThing juvenile hyaline fibromatosis Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) is a rare soft tissue tumor, characterized by papulo-nodular skin lesions (especially around the head and neck), soft tissue masses, gingival hypertrophy, joint contractures, and osteolytic bone lesions in variable degrees. Joint contractures may cripple patients and delay normal motor development if occuring in infancy. Severe gingival hyperplasia can interfere with eating and delay dentition. Histopathology analysis of involved tissues reveals cords of spindle-shaped cells embedded in an amorphous, hyaline material. JHF is a mild form of infantile systemic hyalinosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018815 biolink:NamedThing aneurysmal bone cyst A locally aggressive and destructive benign cystic lesion of the bone. It is characterized by the formation of multiloculated hemorrhagic cystic spaces which are separated by fibrous septa. It can arise from any bone, but usually affects the metaphysis of long bones. It manifests with pain and swelling and may recur following curettage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019372 biolink:NamedThing solitary bone cyst A solitary bone cyst is a benign non-epithelial bone cavity that is asymptomatic and that is found most commonly in the second decade of life by chance. The long bones are most often affected, but cases involving the jaw bone have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021123 biolink:NamedThing Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of bone A spectrum of malignant tumors arising from the bone and characterized morphologically by the presence of small round cells. Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor represent the ends of a spectrum, with Ewing sarcoma lacking evidence of neural differentiation and the markers that characterize the peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor may share cytogenetic abnormalities, proto-oncogene expression, cell culture and immunohistochemical abnormalities. Pain and the presence of a mass are the most common clinical symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021579 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of femur A neoplasm (disease) that involves the femur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024499 biolink:NamedThing vascular bone neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant vascular neoplasm that arises from the bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024570 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism 4 Any familial isolated hyperparathyroidism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GCM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024653 biolink:NamedThing skull neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the bones and structures of the skull. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060714 biolink:NamedThing tumoral calcinosis, hyperphosphatemic, familial, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060715 biolink:NamedThing tumoral calcinosis, hyperphosphatemic, familial, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100252 biolink:NamedThing tumoral calcinosis, hyperphosphatemic, familial, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000632 biolink:NamedThing uterine benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the uterine corpus or the cervix. Representative examples include leiomyoma, adenomyoma, and endocervical polyp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000645 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the fallopian tube. Representative examples include papilloma, adenofibroma, and leiomyoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000646 biolink:NamedThing ovarian benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the ovary. Representative examples include serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma, clear cell adenofibroma, benign Brenner tumor, thecoma, and fibroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000647 biolink:NamedThing benign vaginal neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the vagina. Representative examples include squamous papilloma and melanocytic nevus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005635 biolink:NamedThing adenomyoma A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of a glandular and a mesenchymal (fibromyomatous) component. It occurs in the uterine corpus and the cervix. A variant of adenomyoma associated with glandular architectural complexity is called atypical polypoid adenomyoma. Simple polypectomy is usually curative. Atypical polypoid adenomyoma may recur following polypectomy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006071 biolink:NamedThing adenofibroma A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of connective tissue stroma and epithelial structures. It occurs in the ovary, fallopian tube, uterine corpus, and cervix. Cases of adenofibroma of the ovary with low grade malignant potential have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002715 biolink:NamedThing uterine cancer Primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the uterine corpus and/or the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021218 biolink:NamedThing placenta neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the placenta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021230 biolink:NamedThing uterine cervix neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the uterine cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021251 biolink:NamedThing endometrium neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the endometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021254 biolink:NamedThing corpus uteri neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021386 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of mediastinum A neoplasm (disease) that involves the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021388 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of chest wall A neoplasm (disease) that involves the chest wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021389 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of aortic body A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma that arises from paraganglia adjacent to the base of the heart and great vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036779 biolink:NamedThing axillary neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the structures of the axilla. Representative examples include axillary lipoma, axillary lymph node lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma to the axillary lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021042 biolink:NamedThing glioma A benign or malignant brain and spinal cord tumor that arises from glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells). Tumors that arise from astrocytes are called astrocytic tumors or astrocytomas. Tumors that arise from oligodendrocytes are called oligodendroglial tumors. Tumors that arise from ependymal cells are called ependymomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003266 biolink:NamedThing ependymal tumor A group of neoplasms which arise from the ependymal lining of the cerebral ventricles and from the remnants of the central canal of the spinal cord. Ependymal tumors occur predominantly in children and young adults with varied morphological features and biological behavior. There are 4 types: ependymoma, anaplastic ependymoma, myxopapillary ependymoma and subependymoma. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003268 biolink:NamedThing mixed glioma A tumor composed of two or more glial cell types (astrocytes, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016167 biolink:NamedThing optic pathway glioma Optic pathway glioma (OPG) is a benign tumor that develop along the optic nerve (chiasm, tracts, and radiations) characterized by impairment or loss of vision and may be accompanied by diencephalic symptoms such as reduced growth and alteration in sleeping patterns. OPG are often linked to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016707 biolink:NamedThing astroblastoma Astroblastoma is a very rare glial neoplasm of the central nervous system, most often with an intra-axial peripheral supratentorial location in one hemisphere of the frontal or parietal lobes and usually presenting in infants and young adults with symptoms of vomiting, loss of consciousness, epileptic seizures and headaches. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021636 biolink:NamedThing astrocytic tumor A glial tumor of the brain or spinal cord showing astrocytic differentiation. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, and glioblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021637 biolink:NamedThing low grade glioma A grade I or grade II glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, and angiocentric glioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021639 biolink:NamedThing grade II glioma A glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes diffuse astrocytoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, and oligoastrocytoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021640 biolink:NamedThing grade III glioma A group of malignant gliomas that includes anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, and anaplastic ependymoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100342 biolink:NamedThing malignant glioma A grade III or grade IV glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic ependymoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000640 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal neoplasm A neuroectodermal tumor that involves the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001657 biolink:NamedThing brain cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002217 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system sarcoma A sarcoma that arises from the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002999 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system germinoma A malignant germ cell tumor arising from the central nervous system. It is composed of uniform cells resembling primitive germ cells. These cells have large, vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and a clear, glycogen-rich cytoplasm. Additional features are lymphoid or lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and, less frequently, scattered syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003222 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system melanocytic neoplasm A primary tumor of the central nervous system that arises from leptomeningeal melanocytes. It may present as a diffuse proliferative leptomeningeal process (often as a component of the neurocutaneous melanosis complex) or as a distinct mass lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003401 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system endodermal sinus tumor A yolk sac tumor that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003544 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the spinal cord. Representative examples include lymphoma, melanoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004650 biolink:NamedThing malignant carotid body paraganglioma A carotid body paraganglioma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006291 biolink:NamedThing malignant jugulotympanic paraganglioma A jugulotympanic paraganglioma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007273 biolink:NamedThing paragangliomas 4 Any paraganglioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011121 biolink:NamedThing paragangliomas 2 Any paraganglioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHAF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013602 biolink:NamedThing paragangliomas 5 Any paraganglioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016713 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor A rare Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor that affects the central nervous system either as a primary dural neoplasm or by direct extension from adjacent soft tissues or bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016740 biolink:NamedThing choriocarcinoma of the central nervous system A malignant germ cell tumor of the central nervous system characterized by extra-embryonic differentiation along trophoblastic lines. The diagnosis requires the identification of cytotrophoblastic elements, as well as syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016742 biolink:NamedThing mixed germ cell tumor of central nervous system A malignant germ cell tumor of the central nervous system characterized by the presence of at least two types of germ cell neoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018843 biolink:NamedThing embryonal carcinoma of the central nervous system A embryonal carcinoma that involves the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021322 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of meninges A cancer that involves the meningeal cluster. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037740 biolink:NamedThing malignant central nervous system mesenchymal, non-meningothelial neoplasm A metastasizing mesenchymal, non-meningothelial neoplasm that arises from the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005462 biolink:NamedThing primitive neuroectodermal tumor A malignant neoplasm that originates in the neuroectoderm. The neuroectoderm constitutes the portion of the ectoderm of the early embryo that gives rise to the central and peripheral nervous systems and includes some glial cell precursors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002072 biolink:NamedThing melanotic neuroectodermal tumor A rare neoplasm usually occurring in infants. It is characterized by the presence of a mixture of melanin-containing epithelial cells and smaller neuroblast-like cells. It may involve the skull and facial bones, or the epididymis. It usually has a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006316 biolink:NamedThing neuroblastic tumor A group of nervous system tumors which display neuronal differentiation. It includes tumors that are composed of immature round cells and tumors that display advanced differentiation and the formation of ganglion cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016263 biolink:NamedThing primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the corpus uteri A primitive neuroectodermal tumor that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018271 biolink:NamedThing peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor A small round cell tumor with neural differentiation arising from the soft tissues or bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000642 biolink:NamedThing brain meningioma A meningioma (disease) that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016642 biolink:NamedThing meningioma A generally slow growing tumor attached to the dura mater. It is composed of neoplastic meningothelial (arachnoidal) cells. It typically occurs in adults, often women and it has a wide range of histopathological appearances. Of the various subtypes, meningothelial, fibrous and transitional meningiomas are the most common. Most meningiomas are WHO grade I tumors, and some are WHO grade II or III tumors. Most subtypes share a common clinical behavior, although some subtypes are more likely to recur and follow a more aggressive clinical course. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001279 biolink:NamedThing intraspinal meningioma A meningioma that arises from the spinal meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002888 biolink:NamedThing intraorbital meningioma A meningioma that affects the intraorbital structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002918 biolink:NamedThing clear cell meningioma A WHO grade II morphologic variant of meningioma characterized by the presence of clear glycogen-rich polygonal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002919 biolink:NamedThing posterior cranial fossa meningioma A meningioma that affects the posterior cranial fossa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002997 biolink:NamedThing anterior cranial fossa meningioma A meningioma that affects the anterior cranial fossa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002998 biolink:NamedThing skull base meningioma A meningioma that arises from the skull base. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003054 biolink:NamedThing benign meningioma A grade I, slowly growing meningioma. Only a minority of tumors recur following complete resection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003055 biolink:NamedThing secretory meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of epithelial differentiation and numerous intracellular PAS positive bodies that are rich in glycogen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003056 biolink:NamedThing lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of prominent chronic inflammatory infiltrates that predominate over the meningioma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003057 biolink:NamedThing pediatric meningioma A meningioma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003058 biolink:NamedThing microcystic meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of intercellular microcystic spaces that contain mucinous fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003121 biolink:NamedThing middle cranial fossa meningioma A meningioma that affects the middle cranial fossa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003262 biolink:NamedThing rhabdoid meningioma A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the predominant presence of rhabdoid cells forming sheets. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003557 biolink:NamedThing optic nerve sheath meningioma A meningioma that affects the sheath of the optic nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003638 biolink:NamedThing lung meningioma A primary or metastatic meningioma that is present in the lung. The lung is the most frequent site of metastasis of meningiomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003762 biolink:NamedThing malignant leptomeningeal tumor A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the leptomeninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003771 biolink:NamedThing jugular foramen meningioma A meningioma that affects the jugular foramen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003918 biolink:NamedThing angiomatous meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of small and medium sized vessels that predominate over the meningioma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004143 biolink:NamedThing psammomatous meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of psammoma bodies that predominate over the meningeal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004144 biolink:NamedThing fibrous meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of spindle cells that form bundles in a collagen matrix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004145 biolink:NamedThing meningothelial meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of tumor cells that form lobules. The tumor cells are generally uniform. Whorls and psammoma bodies are usually not present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004146 biolink:NamedThing transitional meningioma A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the coexistence of meningothelial cells and fibrous architectural patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004238 biolink:NamedThing petrous apex meningioma A meningioma that affects the petrous apex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004313 biolink:NamedThing gasserian ganglion meningioma A meningioma that affects the trigeminal ganglion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004429 biolink:NamedThing skin meningioma A meningioma (disease) that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004439 biolink:NamedThing periocular meningioma A meningioma that affects the periocular region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004502 biolink:NamedThing parapharyngeal meningioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011648 biolink:NamedThing radiation-induced meningioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020634 biolink:NamedThing grade III meningioma A malignant meningioma with aggressive clinical course. It recurs in approximately 50-78% of the cases. This category includes the anaplastic (malignant) meningioma, papillary meningioma, and rhabdoid meningioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021088 biolink:NamedThing papillary meningioma A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the predominance of a perivascular pseudopapillary pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045056 biolink:NamedThing grade II meningioma An atypical meningioma which may recur in approximately 29-40% of the cases. This category includes the atypical meningioma, chordoid meningioma, and clear cell meningioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002553 biolink:NamedThing cerebellopontine angle tumor A neoplasm that affects the cerebellopontine angle. Representative examples include vestibular schwannoma and meningioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002722 biolink:NamedThing olfactory nerve neoplasm Benign and malignant neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the olfactory or first cranial nerve. Clinical features may include facial pain and impairments of taste or smell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005505 biolink:NamedThing dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor A benign glial-neuronal neoplasm. It is usually supratentorial, located, generally, in the cortex and occurs in children and young adults with a long-standing history of partial seizures. A histologic hallmark of this tumor is the 'specific glioneuronal element', characterized by columns, made up of bundles of axons, oriented perpendicularly to the cortical surface.B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006799 biolink:NamedThing hypothalamic neoplasm A primary or metastatic neoplasm that affects the hypothalamus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016717 biolink:NamedThing choroid plexus neoplasm An intraventricular papillary neoplasm that originates from the choroid plexus epithelium. It includes the choroid plexus papilloma, atypical choroid plexus papilloma, and choroid plexus carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021374 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of cerebral hemisphere A neoplasm involving a cerebral hemisphere. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021451 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of brain A benign neoplasm that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021632 biolink:NamedThing primary brain neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037736 biolink:NamedThing infratentorial neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that occurs in brain parenchymal tissue below the tentorium cerebelli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001528 biolink:NamedThing vulva cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002195 biolink:NamedThing vulvar squamous neoplasm A benign, precancerous, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the vulva. Representative examples include vestibular papilloma, intraepithelial neoplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002219 biolink:NamedThing paraurethral gland neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the paraurethral gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003253 biolink:NamedThing vulvar granular cell tumor A usually benign granular cell tumor that arises from the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020650 biolink:NamedThing germ cell tumor of the vulva DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024877 biolink:NamedThing clitoris neoplasm A neoplasm involving a clitoris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000644 biolink:NamedThing cervical benign neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the cervix. Representative examples include squamous papilloma, endocervical polyp, and rhabdomyoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003702 biolink:NamedThing uterus intravascular leiomyomatosis A rare benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of smooth muscle cells growing within the veins of the uterine corpus. The intravascular neoplasm growth occurs outside the confines of an adjacent leiomyoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021471 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of endometrium A benign neoplasm that involves the endometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021498 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of placenta A benign neoplasm that involves the placenta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021525 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of corpus uteri A benign neoplasm that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002974 biolink:NamedThing cervical cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006313 biolink:NamedThing nabothian cyst A benign, mucus-filled cervical cyst that occurs when mucus-secreting columnar epithelial cells are covered with squamous epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021629 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament neoplasm A benign, borderline, or malignant neoplasm that affects the uterine ligaments. Representative examples include Wolffian adnexal tumor, papillary cystadenoma, and adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042491 biolink:NamedThing cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia A neoplastic process that affects the squamous epithelium of the cervix. It is classified as cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia 1, 2, or 3, according to the degree of squamous cell maturation and cellular atypia, and the number of mitotic figures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002158 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the fallopian tube. Representative examples include carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002745 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube mucinous tumor A rare borderline or malignant epithelial tumor of the fallopian tube characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003392 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube germ cell tumor A rare germ cell tumor that affects the fallopian tube. The vast majority of cases are teratomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021576 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube endometrioid tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the fallopian tube that is characterized by the presence of glands and/or cysts lined by neoplastic cells that resemble endometrial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002229 biolink:NamedThing ovarian epithelial tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant tumor that originates from the surface epithelium of the ovary. It is composed of epithelial cells and stroma. Representative examples of benign tumors include serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma, and benign Brenner tumor. Representative examples of borderline tumors include serous surface papillary tumor, mucinous adenofibroma, and borderline Brenner tumor. Representative examples of malignant tumors include serous adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and malignant Brenner tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003192 biolink:NamedThing rete ovarii neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the rete ovarii which is located in the ovarian hilus. It includes adenoma, cystadenoma, cystadenofibroma, and adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003312 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrioid stromal and related neoplasms A category of rare neoplasms that arise from the ovary. It includes low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008170 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the ovary. Most primary malignant ovarian neoplasms are either carcinomas (serous, mucinous, or endometrioid adenocarcinomas) or malignant germ cell tumors. Metastatic malignant neoplasms to the ovary include carcinomas, lymphomas, and melanomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011366 biolink:NamedThing ovarian germ cell tumor A neoplasm that arises from the ovary and originates from germ cells. Representative examples include teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, and dysgerminoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021657 biolink:NamedThing ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed of granulosa cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, theca cells, and fibroblasts. Representative examples include thecoma, fibroma, Sertoli cell tumor, and granulosa cell tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001402 biolink:NamedThing vaginal cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the vagina. Representative examples include carcinomas and sarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001806 biolink:NamedThing vaginal squamous tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the vagina. Representative examples include condyloma acuminatum, squamous papilloma, and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003314 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid stromal and related neoplasms of the vagina A category of rare neoplasms that arise from the vagina. It includes low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006489 biolink:NamedThing vaginal melanoma A primary malignant neoplasm of the vagina composed of malignant melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022607 biolink:NamedThing extraovarian Brenner tumor of the vagina A Brenner tumor that involves the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007116 biolink:NamedThing hereditary neurocutaneous angioma Hereditary neurocutaneous angioma is characterised by the association of cerebral and cutaneous angiomatous lesions. It has been described in less than 10 families. Clinical manifestations of the cerebral lesions include epilepsy, cerebral haemorrhage, and focal neurological deficit. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016738 biolink:NamedThing primary germ cell tumor of central nervous system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016749 biolink:NamedThing tumor of cranial and spinal nerves DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020497 biolink:NamedThing Turcot syndrome with polyposis Turcot syndrome with polyposis or Turcot syndrome type 2 is a form of familial adematous polyposis, characterized by the concurrence of thousands of colonic adenomatous polyposis or colorectal cancer (CRC) and a primary central nervous system tumor (principally medulloblastoma). It is also associated with pigmented ocular fundus lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021193 biolink:NamedThing neuroepithelial neoplasm A neoplasm of the nervous system that arises from the neuroepithelial tissues. Representative examples include astrocytic tumors, oligodendroglial tumors, ependymal tumors, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021231 biolink:NamedThing retina neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000649 biolink:NamedThing sensory system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the sensory system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002855 biolink:NamedThing ectomesenchymoma An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the nervous system or soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of a sarcomatous component (most often rhabdomyosarcoma) and a ganglionic or a neuroectodermal component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006076 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland neuroblastoma A neuroblastoma arising from the adrenal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016739 biolink:NamedThing yolk sac tumor of central nervous system A malignant germ cell tumor of the central nervous system composed of primitive-appearing epithelial cells - putatively representing yolk sac endoderm - set in a loose, variably cellular, and often conspicuously myxoid matrix, resembling extra-embryonic mesoblast. Eosinophilic hyaline globules immunoreactive for AFP are a diagnostic feature. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021089 biolink:NamedThing peripheral nervous system cancer Malignant growth of cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)or Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), without specification as to location DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006362 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal mesothelioma A benign or malignant mesothelial neoplasm that arises from the peritoneum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037737 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal solitary fibrous tumor A rare, usually benign fibroblastic neoplasm that arises from the peritoneum. It is characterized by the presence of prominent hemangiopericytoma-like vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003061 biolink:NamedThing benign muscle neoplasm A benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020582 biolink:NamedThing benign uterine ligament neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the uterine ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021491 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of gum A benign neoplasm that involves the gingiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003900 biolink:NamedThing connective tissue disorder A disease involving the connective tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002400 biolink:NamedThing synovitis Inflammation of a synovial membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004603 biolink:NamedThing collagenopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004902 biolink:NamedThing interstitial keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005554 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic disorder Inflammatory and degenerative diseases of connective tissue structures, such as arthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007074 biolink:NamedThing ainhum Spontaneous autoamputation of a digit, usually the fifth toe. It results from the formation of a fibrotic band which constricts the full radius of the digit and eventually causes the spontaneous autoamputation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018301 biolink:NamedThing interstitial cystitis A rare chronic debilitating urogenital disease characterized by urinary frequency, urgency, and pelvic pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006424 biolink:NamedThing soft tissue neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the soft tissue. The most common types are lipomatous (fatty), vascular, smooth muscle, fibrous, and fibrohistiocytic neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000659 biolink:NamedThing delta-heavy chain disease A heavy chain disease that results from an overproduction of delta antibody (IgD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019464 biolink:NamedThing heavy chain disease Heavy-chain diseases (HCDs) are rare monoclonal lymphoplasma-cell proliferative disorders involving B cells and are characterized by the synthesis of truncated heavy chains without associated light chains. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015044 biolink:NamedThing mu-heavy chain disease Mu-heavy chain disease (mu-HCD) is a type of HCD characterized by the production of incomplete monoclonal mu-heavy chains without associated light chains. The clinical presentation resembles that of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015045 biolink:NamedThing alpha-heavy chain disease Alpha-heavy chain disease (alpha-HCD) is a type of HCD characterized by the production of incomplete monoclonal alpha-heavy chains without associated light chains. Alpha-HCD is considered to be a subtype of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID). The clinical presentation includes chronic diarrhea with evidence of malabsorption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015046 biolink:NamedThing gamma-heavy chain disease Gamma-heavy chain disease (gamma-HCD) is a type of HCD characterized by the production of incomplete monoclonal gamma-heavy chains without associated light chains. The clinical presentation most commonly resembles that of patients with systemic lymphoproliferative/autoimmune diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024285 biolink:NamedThing epsilon-heavy chain disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000660 biolink:NamedThing akinetopsia An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005638 biolink:NamedThing agnosia A rare disorder characterized by the lack of ability to recognize individuals, objects, shapes, sounds, or smells. There is no loss of memory. It is caused by neurological damage in the brain, specifically in the occipital or parietal lobes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000661 biolink:NamedThing alexithymia An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000662 biolink:NamedThing amusia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000663 biolink:NamedThing anosognosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000667 biolink:NamedThing auditory agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000668 biolink:NamedThing autotopagnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000671 biolink:NamedThing finger agnosia An agnosia characterized by an inabilty to distinguish, name, or recognize the fingers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000673 biolink:NamedThing integrative agnosia Agnosia characterized by the inability to integrate perceptual wholes within knowledge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000674 biolink:NamedThing mirror agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000675 biolink:NamedThing pain agnosia Loss of the ability to perceive and process pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000676 biolink:NamedThing phonagnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000677 biolink:NamedThing semantic agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognise an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognise the object. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000678 biolink:NamedThing simultanagnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recgonize a whole image or scene while retianing the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000679 biolink:NamedThing social emotional agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000680 biolink:NamedThing astereognosia An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000681 biolink:NamedThing tactile agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000682 biolink:NamedThing time agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000685 biolink:NamedThing visual agnosia An inability to recognize or interpret objects by sight. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003227 biolink:NamedThing prosopagnosia Impaired ability to recognize other human faces in the absence of a vision disorder. It may be a congenital disorder or the result of brain injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019056 biolink:NamedThing neuromuscular disease Any disease that impairs the functioning of the muscles, either directly, being pathologies of the voluntary muscle, or indirectly, being pathologies of nerves or neuromuscular junctions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002643 biolink:NamedThing vestibular disorder Pathological processes of the vestibular labyrinth which contains part of the balancing apparatus. Patients with vestibular diseases show instability and are at risk of frequent falls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012714 biolink:NamedThing early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019119 biolink:NamedThing muscular channelopathy A channelopathy that involves the muscle tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020124 biolink:NamedThing neuromuscular junction disease Conditions characterized by impaired transmission of impulses at the neuromuscular junction. This may result from disorders that affect receptor function, pre- or postsynaptic membrane function, or acetylcholinesterase activity. The majority of diseases in this category are associated with autoimmune, toxic, or inherited conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000664 biolink:NamedThing apperceptive agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000666 biolink:NamedThing associative visual agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the abilty to describe them. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000669 biolink:NamedThing color agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000672 biolink:NamedThing form agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000683 biolink:NamedThing topographical agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognise objects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000686 biolink:NamedThing alexia without agraphia Loss of the power to comprehend written materials despite preservation of the ability to write (i.e., alexia without agraphia). This condition is generally attributed to lesions that 'disconnect' the visual cortex of the non-dominant hemisphere from language centers in the dominant hemisphere. This may occur when a dominant visual cortex injury is combined with underlying white matter lesions that involve crossing fibers from the occipital lobe of the opposite hemisphere. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p483) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001712 biolink:NamedThing alexia A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery infarction (infarction, posterior cerebral artery) and other brain diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000665 biolink:NamedThing apraxia Apraxia is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to perform tasks or movements, despite having the desire and physical ability to perform them. It is caused by damage to the brain, especially the parietal lobe, and can arise from many diseases, tumors, a stroke, or traumatic brain injury. In some cases it is present from birth. There are several types of apraxia, which may occur alone or together. These include: Buccofacial or orofacial apraxia is the inability to carry out facial movements on demand. This may include licking the lips, sticking out the tongue, whistling, coughing, or winking. Ideational apraxia is the inability to carryout learned, complex tasks with multiple, sequential movements. This may include dressing, eating, and bathing. Ideomotor apraxia is the inability to perform a learned task (such as using a tool) or communicate using gestures (like waving good-bye). Limb-kinetic apraxia is the inability to make fine, precise movements with an arm or leg. This may include buttoning a shirt or tying a shoe. Verbal apraxia is difficulty coordinating mouth and speech movements. Verbal apraxia may be acquired or present from birth. Constructional apraxia is the inability to copy, draw, or construct simple figures. Oculomotor apraxia is difficulty moving the eyes on command. Treatment of apraxia may include physical, speech, or occupational therapy. If apraxia occurs as a symptom of another disorder, treatment should be directed to the underlying condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024417 biolink:NamedThing perceptual disorders Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes, where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021084 biolink:NamedThing vision disorder Any impairment to the vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021945 biolink:NamedThing hearing disorder A disorder characterized by the partial or complete loss of the ability to detect sounds due to damage to the ear structures or inability of the brain to properly interpret or process the auditory signals it receives from the anatomic structures of the ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024430 biolink:NamedThing allesthesia A neurological disorder in which a sensory stimulus, usually tactile but more rarely other sensory modalities, is misperceived in a location distant from the original stimulus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100125 biolink:NamedThing hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder A perceptual disorder caused by intoxication with hallucinogen drugs, especially LSD. It is characterized by the recurrence of perceptive disturbances that first develop during intoxication. The contents of the perception and visual imagery range extensively and symptoms may include visual disturbances, hallucinations, and psychoses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024422 biolink:NamedThing auditory perceptual disorders Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the meaning of inflections of speech. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043303 biolink:NamedThing hyperacusis A disorder in which an individual has an abnormally low noise tolerance, and increased sensitivity to sounds. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000670 biolink:NamedThing cortical deafness An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000684 biolink:NamedThing verbal auditory agnosia An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognising spoken words as semantically meaningful. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001020 biolink:NamedThing amblyopia Decreased vision that results from abnormal visual development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001564 biolink:NamedThing binocular vision disease Any inability to efficiently utilize and/or sustain binocular vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001941 biolink:NamedThing blindness (disorder) The lack of vision. It is caused by neurological or physiological factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019118 biolink:NamedThing inherited retinal dystrophy An instance of retinal degeneration that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000687 biolink:NamedThing diffuse alopecia areata An alopecia areata that involves diffuse loss of hair over the whole scalp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005340 biolink:NamedThing alopecia areata Loss of scalp and body hair involving microscopically inflammatory patchy areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007082 biolink:NamedThing alopecia areata 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000690 biolink:NamedThing body dysmorphic disorder Preoccupations with appearance or self-image causing significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001315 biolink:NamedThing neurocirculatory asthenia A clinical syndrome characterized by palpitation, shortness of breath, labored breathing, subjective complaints of effort and discomfort, all following slight physical exertion. Other symptoms may be dizziness, tremulousness, sweating, and insomnia. Neurocirculatory asthenia is most typically seen as a form of anxiety disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001596 biolink:NamedThing hypochondriasis A somatoform disorder in which an individual is preoccupied with having a serious illness despite not having been given a corroborating diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001830 biolink:NamedThing somatization disorder Disorders having the presence of physical symptoms that suggest a general medical condition but that are not fully explained by a another medical condition, by the direct effects of a substance, or by another mental disorder. The symptoms must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. In contrast to factitious disorders and malingering, the physical symptoms are not under voluntary control. (apa, dsm-V) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002104 biolink:NamedThing conversion disorder Conversion disorder is a disorder in which a person experiences blindness, paralysis, or other symptoms affecting the nervous system that cannot be explained solely by a physical illness or injury. Symptoms usually begin suddenly after a period of emotional or physical distress or psychological conflict. Conversion disorder is thought to be caused by the bodys reaction to a stressful physical or emotional event. Some research has identified potential neurological changes that may be related to symptoms of the disorder. Diagnosis of conversion disorder is based on identifying particular signs that are common among people with the disorder, as well as performing tests to rule out other causes of the symptoms. Treatment may include psychotherapy, hypnosis, and stress management training to help reduce symptoms. Treatment of any underlying psychological disorder is also recommended. The affected body part may require physical or occupational therapy until symptoms resolve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024316 biolink:NamedThing physiological malfunction arising from mental factor A dysfunction in biological function that is due to a psychological process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000693 biolink:NamedThing bipolar II disorder A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004985 biolink:NamedThing bipolar disorder A disorder of the brain that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. Often these moods range and shift from periods of elation and energized behavior to those of hopelessness and depression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001866 biolink:NamedThing bipolar I disorder A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024612 biolink:NamedThing manic bipolar affective disorder The manic phase of bipolar disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024613 biolink:NamedThing bipolar depression The depressive stage of bipolar disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000694 biolink:NamedThing seasonal affective disorder A syndrome characterized by depressions that recur annually at the same time each year, usually during the winter months. Other symptoms include anxiety, irritability, decreased energy, increased appetite (carbohydrate cravings), increased duration of sleep, and weight gain. sad (seasonal affective disorder) can be treated by daily exposure to bright artificial lights (phototherapy), during the season of recurrence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002050 biolink:NamedThing depressive disorder A melancholy feeling of sadness and despair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002009 biolink:NamedThing major depressive disorder An episode of depression lasting two or more weeks without an intervening episode of mania. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002444 biolink:NamedThing melancholia A subtype of depression characterized by the inability to find pleasure in positive things combined with physical agitation, insomnia, or decreased appetite. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005929 biolink:NamedThing postpartum depression A type of clinical depression that occurs after childbirth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024614 biolink:NamedThing neurotic depression A term used for any state of depression that is not psychotic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041086 biolink:NamedThing mixed anxiety and depressive disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018925 biolink:NamedThing familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare variety of migraine with aura characterized by the presence of a motor weakness during the aura. Hemiplegic migraine has two main forms depending on the familial history: patients with at least one first- or second-degree relative who has aura including motor weakness have familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM); patients without such familial history have sporadic hemiplegic migraine (SHM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020757 biolink:NamedThing sporadic hemiplegic migraine A migraine disorder characterized by an aura that includes motor weakness and the absence of family history. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000702 biolink:NamedThing microscopic colitis Inflammation of the colon that is only apparent by microscopic examination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000706 biolink:NamedThing chemical colitis A colitis caused by the introduction of harsh chemicals to the colon by an enema or other procedure. Chemical colitis can resemble ulcerative colitis, infectious colitis and pseudomembranous colitis endoscopically. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000707 biolink:NamedThing diversion colitis A colitis which can occur as a complication of ileostomy or colostomy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005101 biolink:NamedThing ulcerative colitis An inflammatory bowel disease involving the mucosal surface of the large intestine and rectum. It may present with an acute or slow onset and follows an intermittent or continuous course. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and intestinal hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005534 biolink:NamedThing ileocolitis Ileocolitis or ileal Crohn's is the most common type of Crohn's disease. It affects both the ileum (small intestine) and the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006038 biolink:NamedThing indeterminate colitis It describes patients in whom a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease cannot be made based on standard clinical testing, including colonoscopy, imaging, laboratory tests, and biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024278 biolink:NamedThing proctocolitis Inflammation of the rectum and colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000703 biolink:NamedThing collagenous colitis A type of microscopic colitis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the presence of collagen deposits in the lamina propria of the colonic mucosa. Patients present with chronic watery diarrhea. Colonoscopy reveals normal-appearing mucosa. The diagnosis is made with the microscopic examination of the colonic biopsy samples. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000704 biolink:NamedThing lymphocytic colitis Microscopic colitis characterized by the accumulation of lymphocytes in the colonic epithelium and lamina propria. Patients present with chronic watery diarrhea. Colonoscopy reveals normal colonic mucosa. The diagnosis is made with the microscopic examination of the colonic biopsy samples. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018439 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic colitis Inflammation of the colon that is characterized by eosinic infiltration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000708 biolink:NamedThing Crohn jejunoileitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000709 biolink:NamedThing Crohn ileitis An Crohn disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the ileum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021207 biolink:NamedThing Crohn jejunitis An Crohn disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the jejunum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005539 biolink:NamedThing small bowel Crohn disease An Crohn disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000710 biolink:NamedThing gastroduodenal Crohn disease An inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation located in stomach and located in duodenum, has symptom nausea, has symptom vomiting, has symptom weight loss and has symptom loss of appetite. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004627 biolink:NamedThing duodenitis Acute or chronic inflammation of the duodenum. Causes include bacterial and viral infections and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Symptoms include vomiting and abdominal pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024415 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhagic duodenitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002840 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic gastritis An eosinophilic gastroenteritis that is characterized by inflammation of the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002844 biolink:NamedThing lymphocytic gastritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002845 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing gastritis A variant of phlegmonous gastritis, typically progressing to gastric gangrene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002846 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous gastritis Gastritis that is associated with the presence of granulomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004628 biolink:NamedThing gastroduodenitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004640 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic gastritis Inflammation of the stomach resulting from alcohol ingestion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005001 biolink:NamedThing chronic gastritis Inflammation of the stomach that is chronic in nature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022196 biolink:NamedThing chronic erosive gastritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031014 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune gastritis Inflammation of the body fundic mucosa of the stomach. It results from the development of autoantibodies against the parietal and chief cells. It is associated with the presence of intestinal metaplasia and an increased risk of developing gastric carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043355 biolink:NamedThing collagenous gastritis A rare type of gastritis characterized by gastric subepithelial collagen deposition and inflammatory infiltrates in the lamina propria. The pathogenesis of this disorder is unclear although an association with autoimmune disorders has been reported. It affects both children and adults. Children present with iron deficiency anemia and have a nodular stomach on gastroscopy. adults present with chronic watery diarrhea and may have an associated collagenous colitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000715 biolink:NamedThing lymph node adenoid cystic carcinoma A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the lymph node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001082 biolink:NamedThing lymph node cancer A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the lymph node. Lymphomas and metastatic carcinomas are representative examples. -- 2004 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001607 biolink:NamedThing intrapelvic lymph node leukemic reticuloendotheliosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001614 biolink:NamedThing intra-abdominal lymph node mast cell malignancy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005438 biolink:NamedThing metastatic malignant neoplasm in the lymph nodes The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003175 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma arising from the salivary gland. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming tubular, cribriform, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. Patients may experience pain because of the tumor propensity for perineural invasion. The tumor may follow an aggressive clinical course with recurrences and mestastases to distant sites including lungs, bones, brain, and liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003177 biolink:NamedThing prostate adenoid cystic carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003180 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous adenocystic carcinoma A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the skin of body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003186 biolink:NamedThing esophageal adenoid cystic carcinoma An infrequent esophageal carcinoma arising from esophageal glands. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003187 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland adenoid cystic carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of islands of uniform malignant cells forming cribriform patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006262 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006264 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma A rare adenoid cystic carcinoma of the larynx. It usually arises from the supraglottic or subglottic area. It is characterized by slow progression and late distant metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006352 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma A rare adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the paranasal sinuses. It usually has an aggressive clinical course characterized by high recurrence rates and distant metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006487 biolink:NamedThing vaginal adenoid cystic carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the vagina. Myoepithelial cells are usually not present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021300 biolink:NamedThing adenoid cystic carcinoma of oropharynx A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000716 biolink:NamedThing agraphia An acquired writing disorder causing a loss in the ability to communicate through writing, either due to some motor dysfunction or the inability to spell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003038 biolink:NamedThing dysgraphia Loss or impairment of the ability to write (letters, syllables, words, or phrases) due to an injury to a specific cerebral area or occasionally due to emotional factors. This condition rarely occurs in isolation, and often accompanies aphasia. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485; apa, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000722 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic synpolydactyly A synpolydactyly that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011348 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic polydactyly A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by the presence of supernumerary digits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017425 biolink:NamedThing preaxial polydactyly of fingers Preaxial polydactyly of fingers is a limb malformation syndrome characterized by the attachment of a superfluous digit on the first digit. Four types have been defined: Type I (PPD1 or biphalangeal thumb polydactyly) which shows duplication of one or more skeletal components of a biphalangeal thumb; type II (PPD2 or polydactyly of a triphalangeal thumb) which involves the presence of a usually opposable triphalangeal thumb with or without additional duplication of thumb; type III (PPD3 or polydactyly of an index finger) where the thumb is replaced by one or two triphalangeal digits with dermatoglyphic pattern specific for the index finger; and type IV (PPD4 or polysyndactyly) which shows variably mild degrees of thumb duplication and variable syndactyly between 3rd and 4th fingers. Among the four types, PPD1 is the most frequent form. Preaxial polydactyly of fingers is caused by disruptions to the developmental patterning of the limb along the anterior-posterior axis that lead to changes in digit number and identity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017426 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly of fingers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017456 biolink:NamedThing central polydactyly of fingers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017457 biolink:NamedThing Preaxial polydactyly of toes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019375 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-postaxial polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome Megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-postaxial polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome is characterized by megalencephaly, polymicrogyria, and hydrocephalus with variable polydactyly. It has been described in six unrelated patients. Intellectual deficit or slow development is also present. The mode of inheritance of this syndrome is unknown since all cases were sporadic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020927 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034669 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic preaxial polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034670 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic postaxial polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034671 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic complex polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019530 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic syndactyly A congenital condition characterized by webbing between the fingers and/or toes, joining the digits together. In rare cases, the joining of the fingers or toes may involve bony fusion between the digits. Common causes include Down Syndrome and hereditary syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008512 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly type 1 Syndactyly type 1 (SD1), also named zygodactyly in the past, is a distal limb malformation characterized by complete or partial webbing between the 3th and 4th fingers and/or the 2nd and 3rd toes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008514 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly type 3 Syndactyly type 3 (SD3) is a rare congenital distal limb malformation characterized by complete and bilateral syndactyly between the 4th and 5th fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008515 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly type 4 A very rare congenital distal limb malformation characterized by complete bilateral syndactyly (involving all digits 1 to 5). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008516 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly type 5 Syndactyly type 5 (SD5) is a very rare congenital limb malformation characterized by postaxial syndactyly of hands and feet, associated with metacarpal and metatarsal fusion of fourth and fifth digits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010669 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly type 8 Syndactyly type 8 is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic, congenital limb malformation characterized by unilateral or bilateral fusion of the fourth and fifth metacarpals with no other associated abnomalities. Patients present shortened fourth and fifth metacarpals with excessive separation between their distal ends, resulting in marked ulnar deviation of the little finger and an inability to bring the fifth finger in parallel with the other fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012271 biolink:NamedThing mesoaxial synostotic syndactyly with phalangeal reduction Mesoaxial synostotic syndactyly (MSSD) with phalangeal reduction is a novel and distinct form of non-syndromic syndactyly including complete syndactyly of the 3rd and 4th fingers with synostoses of the corresponding metacarpals and associated single phalanges, syndactyly of the 2nd and 3rd toes and 5th finger clinodactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017460 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly type 6 Syndactyly type 6 is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic, congenital limb malformation characterized by unilateral fusion of second to fifth fingers, amalgamation of distal phalanges in a knot-like structure, and second- and third-toe fusion. Some individuals present only with webbing between second and third toes, without involvement of fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021651 biolink:NamedThing synpolydactyly A joint presentation of syndactyly (fusion of digits) and polydactyly (production of supernumerary digits). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800066 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly-syndactyly-triphalangism Any skeletal dysplasia that is characterizedby polydactyly, syndactyly and triphalangism, where a digit has three phalanges instead of two. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004730 biolink:NamedThing speech disorder A term referring to disorders characterized by the disruption of normal speech. It includes stuttering, lisps, dysarthria and voice disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002904 biolink:NamedThing echolalia A symptom of neurologic or psychiatric dysfunction in which the individual involuntarily and meaninglessly repeats a recently heard word, series of words, or a song. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002905 biolink:NamedThing mutism The inability to generate oral-verbal expression, despite normal comprehension of speech. This may be associated with brain diseases or mental disorders. Organic mutism may be associated with damage to the frontal lobe; brain stem; thalamus; and cerebellum. Selective mutism is a psychological condition that usually affects children characterized by continuous refusal to speak in social situations by a child who is able and willing to speak to selected persons. Kussmal aphasia refers to mutism in psychosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000726 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic scoliosis A scoliosis with no known cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005392 biolink:NamedThing scoliosis A congenital or acquired spinal deformity characterized by lateral curvature of the spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043116 biolink:NamedThing iida kannari syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700007 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic disease A disease or disorder for which the cause is of uncertain or unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001073 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic progressive polyneuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001182 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic corneal edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001295 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic peripheral autonomic neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002429 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic interstitial pneumonia A class of diffuse lung diseases that typically affect the pulmonary interstitium, although some also have a component affecting the airways (for instance, Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002644 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic granulomatous myositis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004463 biolink:NamedThing cellular phase chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis Primary myelofibrosis characterized by bone marrow hypercellularity and the presence of atypical megakaryocytes. There is no increase in the percentage of myeloblasts and no significant increase in reticulin or collagen fibrosis in the bone marrow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005807 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic CD4-positive T-lymphocytopenia A rare immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by the decrease of the CD4-positive lymphocytes below 300 per cubic millimeter in the absence of identifiable immunodeficiency causes. Patients with this syndrome are at an increased risk of opportunistic infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007247 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, childhood-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007385 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic spontaneous coronary artery dissection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008347 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic and/or familial pulmonary arterial hypertension Idiopathic and/or familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (IFPAH) is a form or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH, see his term) characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial resistance leading to right heart failure; it is progressive and potentially fatal. About 75% of heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) have an identified mutation. HPAH has been linked to mutations in BMPR2 in 75% of cases; other genes implicated in HPAH include ACVR1, BMPR1, CAV1, ENG and SMAD9 and CBLN2. (However, the majority of patients carrying an HPAH mutation do not develop PAH). Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IFPAH) refers to those cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in which etiology remains unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010232 biolink:NamedThing intestinal pseudoobstruction, neuronal, chronic idiopathic, X-linked Intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a condition characterized by impairment of the muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. The condition may arise from abnormalities of the gastrointestinal muscles themselves (myogenic) or from problems with the nerves that control the muscle contractions (neurogenic). When intestinal pseudo-obstruction occurs by itself, it is called primary or idiopathic (unknown cause) intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The disorder can also develop as a complication of another medical condition; in these cases, it is called secondary intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Individuals with this condition have symptoms that resemble those of an intestinal blockage (obstruction) but without any obstruction. It may be acute or chronic and is characterized by the presence of dilation of the bowel on imaging. The causes may be unknown or due to alterations (mutations) in the FLNA gene, other genes or are secondary to other conditions. It may be inherited in some cases. Intestinal pseudoobstruction neuronal chronic idiopathic X-linked is caused by alterations (mutations) in the FLNA gene which is located in the X chromosome. There is no specific treatment but several medications and procedures may be used to treat the symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011429 biolink:NamedThing juvenile idiopathic arthritis Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the term used to describe a group of inflammatory articular disorders of unknown cause that begin before the age of 16 and last over 6 weeks. The term juvenile idiopathic arthritis was chosen to signify the absence of any known mechanism underlying the disorder and to highlight the necessity of excluding other types of arthritis occurring in well defined diseases (in particular arthritis occurring in association with infectious, inflammatory and haematooncologic diseases). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012197 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic aplastic anemia Aplastic anemia without a known cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013860 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis Idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis (IMG) is a primary glomerular disease characterized by proteinuria, usually in the nephrotic range, with preserved renal function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014004 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014204 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014226 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by persistent CD4 T-cell lymphopenia (less than 300 cells/B5L on multiple occasions) not associated with any other underlying primary or secondary immune deficiency. Patients typically present opportunistic infections (with cryptococcal, mycobacterial, candidal, varicella zoster virus infections and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy being the most prevalent), malignancies (mainly lymphoproliferative disorders), or autoimmune disorders. Some individuals are asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014628 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 6 Any bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the XPR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015271 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic camptocormia Idiopathic camptocormia is a postural disease characterized by an anterior flexion of the torso (during walking or standing) that resolves in the supine position and that is caused by weakness of the lumbar paraspinal muscles (spinal extensors), due to massive fatty infiltrations of posterior spinal muscles, without an identifiable etiology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015344 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic acute transverse myelitis Idiopathic acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the spinal cord with motor, sensory and autonomic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015664 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic pulmonary artery dilatation Idiopathic pulmonary artery dilatation is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by the dilatation of the main pulmonary artery, with or without dilatation of the right and left pulmonary artery branches, and not attributed to any other cardiac, pulmonary and/or arterial wall disease. It may present with exertional dyspnea, fatigue, cough, hemoptysis, palpitation and chest pain, but may also be asymptomatic. In serious cases, trachea constriction due to postural changes may lead to attacks of cyanosis with severe dyspnea. Sudden cardiac death has been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015666 biolink:NamedThing familial idiopathic dilatation of the right atrium Idiopathic dilatation of the right atrium (IDRA) is a rare congenital heart malformation of unknown etiology that is characterized by an extremely dilated right atrium, and that is usually asymptomatic and fortuitously discovered by echocardiography or chest radiography, and can be sometimes associated with other anomalies such as atrial arrhythmias (e.g. atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia), severe tricuspid regurgitation, or atrial thrombus that could lead to potentially life-threatening thromboembolic complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015713 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic central precocious puberty DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015927 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016352 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic inherited hypercalciuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016662 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic recurrent pericarditis A rare autoinflammatory syndrome defined as recurrence of pericardial inflammation of unknown origin following the first episode of acute pericarditis and a symptom-free interval of 4-6 weeks or longer. Recurrent attacks of chest pain may be the sole presentation or the chest pain may be accompanied by pericardial friction rub, electrocardiographic or echocardiographic changes, pericardial effusion and increased C-reactive protein. Cardiac tamponade is a rare, life-threatening complication. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017170 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic recurrent stupor Idiopathic recurrent stupor is a rare neurologic disease characterized by unpredictable, transient and spontaneous unresponsiveness lasting from hours to days, with a frequency of three to seven attacks per year, in the absence of readily discernible toxic, metabolic or structural causes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017256 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic anterior uveitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017257 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic posterior uveitis Idiopathic posterior uveitis is a rare, potentially sight-threatening, ocular disease, not attributed to any specific ocular or systemic cause, characterized by focal, multifocal or diffuse non-infectious inflammation in the posterior uvea (i.e. choroiditis, chorioretinitis, retinitis and neuroretinitis). Visual morbidity due to complications (including cystoid macular edema and choroidal neovascularization) has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017258 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic panuveitis Idiopathic panuveitis is a rare inflammatory eye disease, of unknown etiology, characterized by generalized inflammation of the uvea (iris, ciliary body, choroid), retina and vitreous with consequent ciliary spasm and posterior synechiae formation, leading to acute or chronic, unilateral or bilateral visual impairment and ocular discomfort or pain. Patients present an increased risk of development of cataracts, secondary glaucoma, cystoid macular edema and/or retinal detachment. It could potentially result in vision loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017789 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic linear interstitial keratitis Idiopathic linear interstitial keratitis is a rare, acquired ocular disease characterized by migratory or non-migratory, horizontal, linear, stromal infiltrates that may heal spontaneously. Minimal vascularization and scarring may be observed but vision loss is not associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018044 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic hypersomnia Idiopathic hypersomnia is a sleep disorder classified in two forms: idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time and idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018108 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic disseminated cytomegalovirus infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018146 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 1 A rare, acquired, eye disease characterized by unilateral (rarely bilateral) abnormally dilated and tortuous capillaries around the fovea, associated with multiple arteriolar and venular aneurysms, lipid depositions, and intra-retinal cystoid degeneration. It leads to vision loss due to macular edema with hard exudates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018147 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 3 A rare, acquired, eye disease characterized by progressive visual loss, due to bilateral juxtafoveolar capillary occlusions, capillary telangiectasia, and minimal exudation. It is associated with systemic or cerebral vascular occlusive disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018170 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic nephrotic syndrome Nephrotic syndrome for which no cause has been identified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018362 biolink:NamedThing persistent idiopathic facial pain DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018380 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic avascular necrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018635 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic phalangeal acro-osteolysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018654 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic dropped head syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018684 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic neonatal atrial flutter Idiopathic neonatal atrial flutter (AFL) is a rare rhythm disorder, characterized by sustained tachycardia in newborns and infants with an atrial rate often at around 440 beats/minute (range 340-580). AFL may manifest as asymptomatic tachycardia, congestive heart failure or hydrops. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018807 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic ductopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018809 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic peliosis hepatis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018956 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic bronchiectasis Idiopathic bronchiectasis (IB) is a progressive lung disease characterized by chronic dilation of the bronchi and destruction of the bronchial walls in the absence of any underlying cause (such as post infectious disease, aspiration, immunodeficiency, congenital abnormalities and ciliary anomalies). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019157 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome with ring sideroblasts Acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia is one of a group of disorders known as the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) characterised by ineffective haemopoiesis affecting one or more blood cell lineages (myeloid, erythroid or megakaryocytic) leading to peripheral blood cytopenias and an increased risk of developing leukaemia. Acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia is now more commonly referred to as refractory anaemia with ringed sideroblasts or the acronym RARS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019393 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic malabsorption due to bile acid synthesis defects Idiopathic malabsorption due to increased acid bile synthesis is an intestinal disease of unknown etiology characterized by an overproduction of bile acids which leads to chronic watery diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019554 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic localized lipodystrophy Idiopathic localized lipodystrophy is a rare, acquired, localized lipodystrophy characterized by asymptomatic, well-demarcated, depressed, lipoatrophic lesions of variable size, with normal overlying skin without antecedent inflammation or a known identifiable cause (autoimmune disease, drug injection, injury, etc). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019635 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic achalasia A primary esophageal motor disorder characterized by loss of esophageal peristalsis and insufficient lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation in response to deglutition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020122 biolink:NamedThing acquired idiopathic inflammatory myopathy An umbrella term for diseases which have chronic muscle inflammation and weakness of unknown etiology. The types of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy are further defined by either clinicopathologic criteria or by the presence of certain autoantibodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020510 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic syringomyelia Idiopathic syringomyelia is a rare, non-syndromic central nervous system malformation characterized by a longitudinally oriented fluid-filled cavity inside the spinal cord parenchyma or the central canal, without any readily identifiably cause. It is usually associated with pain, sensory and/or musculoskeletal disturbances, but it can also be an incidental and asymptomatic finding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024538 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032673 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 7, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032938 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 8, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034150 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic gastroparesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044211 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic urticaria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044689 biolink:NamedThing recurrent idiopathic neuroretinitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100051 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic mast cell activation syndrome Mast cell activation syndrome where neither an allergy or other underlying disease is association, nor KIT-mutated mast cells are detectable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100054 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic anaphylaxis Idiopathic anaphylaxis is a rare form of anaphylaxis for which triggers cannot be identified despite a detailed history and careful diagnostic assessment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000727 biolink:NamedThing scapuloperoneal myopathy A muscular dystrophy which begins at the lower legs and affects the shoulder region earlier and more severely than distal arm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016830 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is characterized by muscular weakness and atrophy, with early joint contractures and cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010401 biolink:NamedThing X-linked myopathy with postural muscle atrophy X-linked myopathy with postural muscle atrophy is a rare progressive muscular dystrophy characterized by an adult-onset scapulo-axio-peroneal myopathy. Clinical presentation includes shoulder girdle atrophy, scapular winging, axial muscular atrophy of postural muscles combined with a generalized hypertrophy. Typically, neck rigidity, rigid spine, Achilles tendon shortening, and respiratory insufficiency later in disease course are present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010680 biolink:NamedThing X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy X-linked form of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800318 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Deifuss muscular dystrophy 6, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000728 biolink:NamedThing ptosis The drooping of the upper eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000926 biolink:NamedThing eye accommodation disease Disease that disrupts the process by which the vertebrate eye changes optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000942 biolink:NamedThing corneal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the cornea. Representative examples include keratitis, bullous keratopathy, and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000950 biolink:NamedThing asthenopia Term generally used to describe complaints related to refractive error, ocular muscle imbalance, including pain or aching around the eyes, burning and itchiness of the eyelids, ocular fatigue, and headaches. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001176 biolink:NamedThing lens disorder A disease involving the lens of camera-type eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001250 biolink:NamedThing keratomalacia An eye disorder that results from vitamin A deficiency, with basis in disruption of maintenance of the specialized epithelial surfaces, leading to atrophic changes in the normal mucosal surface, with loss of goblet cells, and replacement of the normal epithelium by an inappropriate keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. In addition, the substantia propria of the cornea breaks down and liquefies, resulting in keratomalacia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001269 biolink:NamedThing scleral disorder A disorder affecting the sclera. Examples include inflammatory processes (e.g., scleritis and episcleritis), and degenerative processes. Primary tumors of the sclera are extremely rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001355 biolink:NamedThing ocular siderosis A hemosiderosis that involves the camera-type eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001523 biolink:NamedThing luxation of globe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001854 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal apparatus disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the lacrimal apparatus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002310 biolink:NamedThing anterior dislocation of lens DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002661 biolink:NamedThing uveal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the uvea. Representative examples include uveitis, chorioretinitis, and uveal melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003382 biolink:NamedThing eyelid disorder A disease involving the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004390 biolink:NamedThing ocular hypotension Abnormally low intraocular pressure often related to chronic inflammation (uveitis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004758 biolink:NamedThing scotoma A localized defect in the visual field bordered by an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of eye diseases (e.g., retinal diseases and glaucoma); optic nerve diseases, and other conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004770 biolink:NamedThing exophthalmos The anterior displacement of the eye within the orbit, giving a bulging appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004861 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmia nodosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005041 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma Increased pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005283 biolink:NamedThing retinal disorder Any disease or disorder of the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005551 biolink:NamedThing eye allergy An allergic disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the camera-type eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005885 biolink:NamedThing optic neuritis Optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve, the nerve that carries the visual signal from the eye to the brain.The conditionmay cause sudden, reduced vision in the affected eye(s). While the cause of optic neuritis is unknown, it has been associated with autoimmune diseases, infections, multiple sclerosis, drug toxicity and deficiency of vitamin B-12. Vision often returns to normal within 2-3 weeks without treatment. In some cases, corticosteroids are given to speed recovery. If known, the underlying cause should be treated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006170 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival disorder Any disorder of the conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006875 biolink:NamedThing ocular hypertension Abnormally high intraocular pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007077 biolink:NamedThing Tietz syndrome Tietz syndrome is a genetic hypopigmentation and deafness syndrome characterized by congenital profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and generalized albino-like hypopigmentation of skin, eyes and hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007949 biolink:NamedThing Marshall syndrome Marshall syndrome is a malformation syndrome that is characterized by facial dysmorphism, severe hypoplasia of the nasal bones and frontal sinuses, ocular involvement, early-onset hearing loss, skeletal and anhidrotic ectodermal anomalies and short stature with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia and early-onset osteoarthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007992 biolink:NamedThing microcornea-glaucoma-absent frontal sinuses syndrome Microcornea-glaucoma-absent frontal sinuses syndrome is characterised by microcornea, glaucoma and absent frontal sinuses. Less 10 cases have been described so far. The mode of transmission appears to be autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008111 biolink:NamedThing oculodentodigital dysplasia Oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD) is characterized by craniofacial, neurologic, limb and ocular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008501 biolink:NamedThing Sturge-Weber syndrome Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare congenital neurocutaneous disorder characterized by facial capillary malformations and/or cerebral and ocular ipsilateral vascular malformations that result in variable degrees of ocular and neurological anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009064 biolink:NamedThing ocular cystinosis Ocular cystinosis is the benign, adult form of cystinosis, a metabolic disease characterized by an accumulation of cystine crystals in the cornea and conjunctiva responsible for tearing and photophobia and associated with no other additional manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009561 biolink:NamedThing alpha-mannosidosis Alpha-mannosidosis is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by immune deficiency, facial and skeletal abnormalities, hearing impairment, and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009577 biolink:NamedThing megalocornea-intellectual disability syndrome Megalocornea-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare intellectual disability syndrome most commonly characterized by megalocornea, congenital hypotonia, varying degrees of intellectual disability, psychomotor/developmental delay, seizures, and mild facial dysmorphism (including round face, frontal bossing, antimongoloid slant of the eyes, epicanthal folds, large low set ears, broad nasal base, anteverted nostrils, and long upper lip). Interfamilial and intrafamilial clinical variability has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009653 biolink:NamedThing mucolipidosis type IV A lysosomal storage disease characterised clinically by psychomotor retardation and visual abnormalities including corneal clouding, retinal degeneration, or strabismus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009737 biolink:NamedThing galactosialidosis A lysosomal storage disease characterized by coarse facial features, macular ''cherry red spot'', and dysostosis multiplex. Clinical presentation can be heterogenous ranging from a severe, early-onset, rapidly progressive infantile form to late onset, slowly progressive juvenile/adult form. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009742 biolink:NamedThing neuroectodermal melanolysosomal disease Elejalde syndrome (ES) is characterized by silvery to leaden hair, bronze skin colour in sun-exposed areas and severe neurological impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009756 biolink:NamedThing Niemann-Pick disease type A Niemann-Pick disease type A is a very severe subtype of Niemann-Pick disease, an autosomal recessive lysosomal disease, and is characterized clinically by onset in infancy or early childhood with failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009869 biolink:NamedThing isolated Pierre-Robin syndrome Pierre-Robin syndrome (or Pierre-Robin sequence) is characterised by triad of orofacial morphological anomalies consisting of retrognathism, glossoptosis and a posterior median velopalatal cleft. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010001 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia-blindness syndrome Ectodermal dysplasia-blindness syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, blindness caused by ocular malformations (microphthalmia, microcornea and sclerocornea), short stature, dysmorphic facial features (narrow nasal bridge and prominent ears), hypotrichosis, and malaligned teeth. It has been described in two siblings (brother and sister) and is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010160 biolink:NamedThing tyrosinemia type II Tyrosinemia type 2 is an inborn error of tyrosine metabolism characterized by hypertyrosinemia with oculocutaneous manifestations and, in some cases, intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010302 biolink:NamedThing Ito hypomelanosis Hypomelanosis of Ito (HI) is a multisystemic neurocutaneous condition with hypopigmented skin lesions along the Blaschko lines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010446 biolink:NamedThing X-linked cone dysfunction syndrome with myopia X-linked cone dysfunction syndrome with myopia is characterised by moderate to high myopia associated with astigmatism and deuteranopia. Less than 10 families have been described so far. Transmission is X-linked recessive and the locus has been mapped to Xq28. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010952 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hyperferritinemia with congenital cataracts Hereditary hyperferritinemia with congenital cataracts is characterized by the association of early onset (although generally absent at birth) cataract with persistently raised plasma ferritin concentrations in the absence of iron overload. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012481 biolink:NamedThing mevalonic aciduria Mevalonic aciduria (MVA) is a rare, very severe form of mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) characterized by dysmorphic features, failure to thrive, psychomotor delay, ocular involvement, hypotonia, progressive ataxia, myopathy, and recurrent inflammatory episodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012907 biolink:NamedThing blindness - scoliosis - arachnodactyly syndrome This syndrome associates progressive visual loss with scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis and arachnodactyly of the fingers and toes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014510 biolink:NamedThing fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014698 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-intellectual disability-sensorineural hearing loss-epilepsy-abnormal muscle tone syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015290 biolink:NamedThing neurotrophic keratopathy Neurotrophic keratopathy is a rare degenerative disease of the cornea characterized by reduction or loss of corneal sensitivity that can be asymptomatic or present with red-eye and, during the early stages of the disease, a minor decrease in visual acuity. It eventually leads to loss of vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015368 biolink:NamedThing neuro-ophthalmological disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015453 biolink:NamedThing Cogan syndrome Cogan syndrome (CS) is a rare autoimmune disorder of unknown origin characterized by inflammatory ocular disease (mainly interstitial keratitis) and vestibulo-auditory manifestations (mainly acute onset hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo), in the setting of a negative work-up for syphilis, with a variable risk of developing into a systemic disease. Systemic manifestations may occur in more than 70% of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015599 biolink:NamedThing atopic keratoconjunctivitis Atopic keratoconjunctivitis is a rare and chronic allergic disease of the cornea and conjunctiva occurring in all age groups characterized by severe itching and burning sensation, conjunctival injection, photophobia and edema with serious cases leading to ulceration of the cornea which can result in blindness. It is often associated with atopic dermatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015776 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia is a form chondrodysplasia punctata, a group of diseases in which the common characteristic is calcifications near joints at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016205 biolink:NamedThing IRVAN syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016762 biolink:NamedThing microcornea-corectopia-macular hypoplasia syndrome Microcornea-corectopia-macular hypoplasia syndrome is characterised by microcornea, which may also be accompanied by corectopia and macular hypoplasia. It has been described in three individuals from two successive generations of one family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017201 biolink:NamedThing Spasmus nutans Spasmus nutans (SN) is a rare eye disease characterized by the clinical triad of asymmetric and pendular nystagmus, head nodding, and torticollis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017204 biolink:NamedThing toxic maculopathy due to antimalarial drugs Toxic maculopathy due to antimalarial drugs is a rare, acquired eye disease, due to long-term exposure to chloroquinine (CQ) or hydrochloroquinine (HCQ), characterized by a slowly progressive, usually non-reversible, development of bilateral atrophic bull's-eye maculopathy (progressive loss of central vision acuity, reduced color vision and central scotoma), which in severe cases can spread over the entire fundus, leading to widespread retinal atrophy and visual loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017318 biolink:NamedThing phakomatosis pigmentovascularis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017869 biolink:NamedThing chondroectodermal dysplasia with night blindness Chondroectodermal dysplasia with night blindness is a rare genetic bone development disorder characterized by proportionate short stature, nail dysplasia (enlarged, convex, hypertrophic nails), hypodontia and night blindness. Osteopenia, a tendency to present fractures, talipes varus with abnormal gait, ear infections, and watering eyes due to narrow tear ducts are frequently associated. Radiologically patients present delayed bone age on wrist X-rays, platyspondyly, and broad metaphyses of humeri with dense and thickened growth plates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018150 biolink:NamedThing Gaucher disease Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder encompassing three main forms (types 1, 2 and 3), a fetal form and a variant with cardiac involvement (Gaucher disease - ophthalmoplegia - cardiovascular calcification or Gaucher-like disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018486 biolink:NamedThing visual snow syndrome Visual snow syndrome is described as a persistent visual problem characterized by seeing snow-like dots. Migraines are a common symptom. Many people also see drifting blobs of varying size and shape (floaters), visual effects (entopic phenomenon), glare, halos, starbursts, trails, odd colors and shapes, and may have persistent recurrence of a visual image (palinopsia) and double vision. Additional symptoms may include fatigue, tinnitus, or depersonalization and depression. Most people have normal vision tests and normal brain images. Standard migraine treatments are often not helpful. There is no cure or effective treatment to completely relieve the symptoms, but medication seems to help some people with visual snow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018606 biolink:NamedThing extensive peripapillary myelinated nerve fibers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018675 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related ophthalmic disorder A IgG4-related disease that involves the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019504 biolink:NamedThing superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) is a chronic and recurrent eye disease which affects thesuperior bulbar conjunctiva (the clear layer that covers the eyeball, over the sclera) and tarsal conjunctiva (the clear layer that lines the eyelids), as well as the superior limbic aspect of the cornea (the area above the cornea). It is commonly found in women 20-70 years of age. The signs and symptoms include burning, redness and irritation and tend to develop slowly over a period of 1 to 10 years.Vision usually remains intact. While the underlying cause ofSLK remains unknown, it is believed that the condition issecondary to superior bulbar conjunctiva laxity. Factors inducing conjunctiva laxity include thyroid eye disease (usually hyperthyroidism), tight upper eyelids, and prominent globes. A mimicking disorder has been encountered in soft contact lens (SCL) wearers, typically with exposure to thimerosal-preserved solutions. Treatment of SLK may involve the use of various medications, surgery, or a combination of both. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020145 biolink:NamedThing developmental defect of the eye DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020235 biolink:NamedThing lens size anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020237 biolink:NamedThing lens shape anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020249 biolink:NamedThing hereditary optic neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020275 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous or ocular albinism Albinism that affects the eyes, including ocular albinism and oculocutaneous albinism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020368 biolink:NamedThing Axenfeld anomaly Axenfeld's anomaly is a rare congenital ocular defect caused by anterior segment dysgenesis and is characterized by anteriorly displaced Schwalbe's line and iris bands extending into the cornea. In contrast, Rieger's anomaly includes characteristic iris and pupil anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020548 biolink:NamedThing ocular pemphigoid Ocular pemphigoid is a rare inflammatory eye disease characterized by sub-epithelial blistering manifesting with bilateral, asymmetrical, chronic or recurrent conjunctivitis and aberrant tissue regeneration leading to progressive conjunctival fibrosis, secondary corneal vascularization and, in some cases, blindness. Patients typically present with conjunctival redness, increased lacrimation, burning and/or foreign body sensation, edema, limbitis and/or varying degrees of ocular pain. Ankyloblepharon may be observed in end stages of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021220 biolink:NamedThing eye neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035584 biolink:NamedThing punctate inner choroidopathy A rare ophthalmic disorder characterized by typically bilateral, asymmetric, yellowish, punctate chorioretinal lesions of the posterior pole forming a linear branching pattern and progressing to atrophic scars. Subretinal neovascular membranes occur in many cases. Vitritis is always absent. Patients may present with blurred vision, scotoma, floaters, photopsia, and metamorphopsia. Choroidal neovascular membrane formation and subretinal fibrosis are the major causes of visual loss. The condition predominantly occurs in young myopic females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044137 biolink:NamedThing vitreous body disorder Any disease affecting the vitreous body of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044685 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune/inflammatory optic neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100236 biolink:NamedThing LTBP2-related ocular dysgenesis Any ocular dysgenesis disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LTBP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800183 biolink:NamedThing PAX6-related ocular dysgenesis Any eye disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0810000 biolink:NamedThing choroidal neovascularization An eye disorder described by the growth of new blood vessels that originate from the choroid through a break in the Bruch membrane into the sub–retinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) or subretinal space. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of visual loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850008 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment developmental abnormality with extraocular manifestations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850010 biolink:NamedThing congenital optic disc excavation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000732 biolink:NamedThing combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency A mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder in which multiple mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000863 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia Mitochondrial myopathy and sideroblastic anemia belongs to the heterogeneous family of metabolic myopathies. It is characterised by progressive exercise intolerance manifesting in childhood, onset of sideroblastic anaemia around adolescence, lactic acidaemia, and mitochondrial myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008133 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008134 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant optic atrophy, classic form One of the most common forms of hereditary optic neuropathy characterized by progressive bilateral visual loss during the first decade of life, associated with optic disc pallor, visual field and color vision defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010779 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010785 biolink:NamedThing maternally-inherited diabetes and deafness Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a mitochondrial disorder characterized by maternally transmitted diabetes and sensorineural deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010786 biolink:NamedThing chronic diarrhea with villous atrophy Chronic diarrhea with villous atrophy is a rare, genetic gastroenterological disease characterized by the early onset of chronic diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, lactic acidosis, renal insuficiency and hepatic involvement (mild elevation of liver enzymes, steatosis, hepatomegaly). Partial villous atrophy (with eosinophilic infiltration) is observed on intestinal biopsy. Although diarrhea may resolve, the development of neurologic symptoms (cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural deafness, seizures), retinitis pigmentosa and muscle weakness may complicate disease course and lead to death. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010788 biolink:NamedThing Leber hereditary optic neuropathy Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial neurodegenerative disease affecting the optic nerve and often characterized by sudden vision loss in young adult carriers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010799 biolink:NamedThing deafness, aminoglycoside-induced DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011803 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 7 Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 7 is a form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by an onset usually in adulthood (but ranging from 10-72 years) of progressive bilateral lower limb weakness and spasticity, sphincter dysfunction, decreased vibratory sense at the ankles and with additional manifestations including optical neuropathy, nystagmus, strabismus, decreased hearing, scoliosis, pes cavus, motor and sensory neuropathy, amyotrophy, blepharoptosis and ophthalmoplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012450 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 28 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 28 (SCA28) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by juvenile onset, slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia due to Purkinje cell degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012622 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy with brain stem and spinal cord involvement-high lactate syndrome This disease is characterised by progressive cerebellar ataxia with pyramidal and spinal cord dysfunction, associated with distinctive MRI anomalies and increased lactate in the abnormal white matter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012664 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia 3 Any autosomal recessive spastic ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MARS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012683 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 (PCH6) is a rare form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia characterized clinically at birth by hypotonia, clonus, epilepsy impaired swallowing and from infancy by progressive microencephaly, spasticity and lactic acidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013069 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive optic atrophy, OPA7 type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013116 biolink:NamedThing congenital cataract-progressive muscular hypotonia-hearing loss-developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013354 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia 4 Any autosomal recessive spastic ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTPAP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013458 biolink:NamedThing hyperuricemia-pulmonary hypertension-renal failure-alkalosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014467 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease recessive intermediate D Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COX6A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014532 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant mitochondrial myopathy with exercise intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014733 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4K SURF1-related Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 (CMT4K) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 characterized by childhood onset of severe, progressive, demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy manifesting with distal muscle weakness and atrophy of hands and feet, distal sensory impairment (vibration and pinprick) of lower limbs, lactic acidosis, areflexia and severely reduced motor nerve conduction velocities (25 m/s or less). Patients may also present kyphoscoliosis, nystagmus, hearing loss, cerebellar ataxia and/or brain MRI abnormalities (putaminal and periaqueductal lesions). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014869 biolink:NamedThing hydrops-lactic acidosis-sideroblastic anemia-multisystemic failure syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014882 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 77 Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 77 is a rare, pure or complex hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by an infancy to childhood onset of slowly progressive lower limb spasticity, delayed motor milestones, gait disturbances, hyperreflexia and various muscle abnormalities, including weakness, hypotonia, intention tremor and amyotrophy. Ocular abnormalities (e.g. strabismus, ptosis) and other neurological abnormalities, such as dysarthria, seizures and extensor plantar responses, may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015487 biolink:NamedThing fatal infantile encephalocardiomyopathy Fatal infantile cytochrome C oxidase deficiency is a very rare mitochondrial disease characterized clinically by cardioencephalomyopathy resulting in death in infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015632 biolink:NamedThing FASTKD2-related infantile mitochondrial encephalomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016646 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant optic atrophy and peripheral neuropathy Autosomal dominant optic atrophy and peripheral neuropathy (ADOAPN) is a form of autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), characterized by progressive and isolated visual loss in the first decade of life, decreased reflexes in the lower limbs and a mild cerebellar stance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016794 biolink:NamedThing maternally-inherited mitochondrial myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016797 biolink:NamedThing multiple mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome A mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder in which mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) level is lower than normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016805 biolink:NamedThing isolated oxidative phosphorylation complex disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016806 biolink:NamedThing maternally-inherited mitochondrial dystonia Maternally-inherited mitochondrial dystonia is a rare neurological mitochondrial DNA-related disorder characterized clinically by progressive pediatric-onset dystonia with variable degrees of severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017933 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and renal tubular disease due to mitochondrial DNA mutation Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and renal tubular disease due to mitochondrial DNA mutation is a mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder characterized by hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy, failure to thrive, myopathy with generalized hypotonia and increased creatine kinase, developmental delay and/or regression with cerebral atrophy on brain MRI, renal manifestations including chronic renal failure, renal tubular acidosis and lactic acidosis. Additional clinical features include seizures and respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018002 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial myopathy Adult-onset chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial myopathy is a rare mitochondrial disease characterized by adult onset of progressive external ophthalmoplegia, exercise intolerance, muscle weakness, manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia (e.g. impaired gait, dysarthria) and mild motor peripheral neuropathy. Respiratory insufficiency has been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018121 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA maintenance syndrome An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of mitochondrial genome maintenance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018158 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndrome (MDS) is a clinically heterogeneous group of mitochondrial disorders characterized by a reduction of the mtDNA copy number in affected tissues without mutations or rearrangements in the mtDNA. MDS is phenotypically heterogeneous, and can affect a specific organ or a combination of organs, with the main presentations described being either hepatocerebral (i.e. hepatic dysfunction, psychomotor delay), myopathic (i.e. hypotonia, muscle weakness, bulbar weakness), encephalomyopathic (i.e. hypotonia, muscle weakness, psychomotor delay) or neurogastrointestinal (i.e gastrointestinal dysmotility, peripheral neuropathy). Additional phenotypes include fatal infantile lactic acidosis with methylmalonic aciduria, spastic ataxia (early-onset spastic ataxia-neuropathy syndrome), and Alpers syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018706 biolink:NamedThing syndromic sensorineural deafness due to combined oxidative phosphorylation defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018861 biolink:NamedThing Zellweger-like syndrome without peroxisomal anomalies An extremely rare mitochondrial disorder characterized by facial dysmorphism similar to that seen in Zellweger syndrome, such as frontal bossing, high forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, and epicanthal folds, and in addition, pale skin, profound hypotonia, developmental delay, and minor metabolic anomalies. No peroxysomal defects, however, have been reported. Transmission is thought to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019016 biolink:NamedThing maternally-inherited progressive external ophthalmoplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020478 biolink:NamedThing Leber plus disease Leber `plus' disease describes patients with the clinical features of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON; see term) in combination with other serious systemic or neurological abnormalities. These abnormalities include: postural tremor, motor disorder, multiple sclerosis-like syndrome, spinal cord disease, skeletal changes, Parkinsonism with dystonia, anarthria, dystonia, motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy, spasticity and mild encephalopathy. It is caused by maternally-inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044655 biolink:NamedThing c12orf65-related combined oxidative phosphorylation defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054865 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy due to mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001178 biolink:NamedThing pseudopterygium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001308 biolink:NamedThing corneal deposit DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001310 biolink:NamedThing Bowman's membrane folds or rupture DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001515 biolink:NamedThing corneal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001579 biolink:NamedThing corneal staphyloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001716 biolink:NamedThing corneal argyrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001950 biolink:NamedThing corneal ectasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002261 biolink:NamedThing keratopathy Any disorder of the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006712 biolink:NamedThing corneal edema Hazy, swollen cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011414 biolink:NamedThing Peters anomaly Peters anomaly (PA) is a congenital corneal opacity disorder characterized by a central corneal leukoma that obstructs the pupil leading to visual loss as well as absence of the posterior corneal stroma and Descemet membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015298 biolink:NamedThing pellucid marginal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018102 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy The term corneal dystrophy embraces a heterogeneous group of bilateral genetically determined non-inflammatory corneal diseases that are usually restricted to the cornea. The designation is imprecise but remains in vogue because of its clinical value. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020219 biolink:NamedThing corneogoniodysgenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021238 biolink:NamedThing cornea neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025667 biolink:NamedThing limbal stem cell deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033816 biolink:NamedThing thygeson superficial punctate keratopathy An insidious, chronic and recurrent disorder, characterized by small and elevated oval corneal intraepithelial, whitish-gray opacities, extending to the entire anterior surface of the cornea of both eyes. Corneal lesions show a tendency for the central pupillary area distribution with mild or absent conjunctival inflammation and no association to systemic disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033818 biolink:NamedThing Terrien marginal degeneration A distinct marginal thinning of the cornea which causes high degree of against-the-rule astigmatism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000734 biolink:NamedThing Ohdo syndrome and variants DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011432 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis - intellectual disability syndrome, Verloes type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013424 biolink:NamedThing 3p- syndrome Distal monosomy 3p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 3, with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by pre- and post-natal growth retardation, intellectual disability, developmental delay and craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, trigonocephaly, downslanting palpebral fissures, telecanthus, ptosis, micrognathia). Postaxial polydactyly, hypotonia, renal anomalies and congenital heart defects (e.g. atrioventricular septal defect) may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007245 biolink:NamedThing cafe au lait spots, multiple A cutaneous disorder characterized by the presence of several cafe-au-lait (CAL) macules without any other manifestations of neurofibromatosis or any other systemic disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007445 biolink:NamedThing dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007483 biolink:NamedThing dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria Acropigmentation of Dohi is a genodermatosis characterised by the presence of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules, principally located on the extremities and limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007651 biolink:NamedThing gastrocutaneous syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007891 biolink:NamedThing familial generalized lentiginosis Familial generalized lentiginosis is a rare, inherited, skin hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by widespread lentigines without associated noncutaneous abnormalities. Patients present multiple brown to dark brown, non-elevated macula of 0.2 to 1 cm in diameter, spread over the entire body, sometimes including palms or soles, but never oral mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008059 biolink:NamedThing Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn (NFJ) syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia that affects the skin, sweat glands, nails, and teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008075 biolink:NamedThing schwannomatosis The least frequent form of the rare genetic disorder neurofibromatosis. It is clinically and genetically distinct from NF1 and NF2 and is characterized by the development of multiple schwannomas (nerve sheath tumors), without involvement of the vestibular nerves. NF3 develops in adulthood and is often associated with chronic pain. Dysesthesia and paresthesia may also be present. Common localizations include the spine, peripheral nerves, and the cranium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008371 biolink:NamedThing Dowling-Degos disease A pigmentation disease characterized by a reticulate pattern of abnormally dark skin coloring, particularly in the body's folds and creases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008755 biolink:NamedThing Moynahan syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013648 biolink:NamedThing familial progressive hyperpigmentation Familial progressive hyperpigmentation is a rare, genetic, skin pigmentation anomaly disorder characterized by irregular patches of hyperpigmented skin which present at birth or in early infancy and increase in size, number and confluence with age. Affected areas of the body include the face, neck, trunk and limbs, as well as the palms, soles, oral mucosa and conjuctiva. No hypogmentation macules are observed and no systemic diseases are associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013688 biolink:NamedThing linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNH) is a rare skin condition characterized by swirling streaks of hyperpigmented (darkened) skin. The pigmentation follows the lines of Blashko and is mainly located on the trunk and limbs. It is present at birth or appears in the first few weeks of life. It typically progresses for one to two years and then stabilizes. Hyperpigmentation is usually the only symptom but there are isolated reports of other symptoms, involving mostly the central nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and heart. While most cases of LWNH are sporadic, apparent genetic transmission rarely has been described. A few people with LWNH have been diagnosed with chromosomal mosaicism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014234 biolink:NamedThing reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura A pigmentation disease characterized by lesions that initially arise as letiginous, hyperpigmented macules in a reticular pattern on the dorsal aspect of the hands and feet. Over time, lesions may spread proximally and may darken; palmoplantar pitting and dermatoglyphic disruption may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014460 biolink:NamedThing nail and teeth abnormalities-marginal palmoplantar keratoderma-oral hyperpigmentation syndrome Nail and teeth abnormalities-marginal palmoplantar keratoderma-oral hyperpigmentation syndrome is a rare genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by short stature, nail dystrophy and/or nail loss, oral mucosa and/or tongue hyperpigmentation, dentition abnormalities (delayed teeth eruption, hypodontia, enamel hypoplasia), keratoderma on the margins of the palms and soles and focal hyperkeratosis on the dorsum of the hands and feet. Additionally, dysphagia with esophageal strictures, sensorineural deafness, bronchial asthma and severe iron-deficiency anemia have been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016213 biolink:NamedThing leukonychia totalis-acanthosis-nigricans-like lesions-abnormal hair syndrome Leukonychia totalis-acanthosis-nigricans-like lesions-abnormal hair syndrome is a rare, syndromic nail anomaly disorder characterized by the association of leukonychia totalis with acanthosis-nigricans-like lesions (occurring in the neck, axillae and abdomen regions) and hair dysplasia, manifesting with dry, brittle hair which presents an irregular pattern of complete or incomplete twists and an irregular surface with londitudinal furrows on electronic microscopy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018311 biolink:NamedThing acromelanosis Acromelanosis is a congenital hyperpigmentation of the skin usually located on the acral areas of the fingers and toes. It is mostly observed in newborns or during the first years of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800357 biolink:NamedThing hyperpigmentation, progressive cribriform and zosteriform DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000740 biolink:NamedThing adenoid hypertrophy An upper respiratory tract disease characterized by the unusual growth of the adenoid tonsil; has symptom snoring, has symptom hyponasality, has symptom otitis media with effusion, has symptom mouth breathing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002232 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity disorder A disease involving the nasal cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002567 biolink:NamedThing tracheal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the trachea. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include congenital malformations and infection. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006858 biolink:NamedThing mouth disorder A disease involving the mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000743 biolink:NamedThing oral hairy leukoplakia An epithelial hyperplasia of the oral cavity mucosa associated with Epstein-Barr virus and found almost exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001142 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland disorder A disease involving the saliva-secreting gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001165 biolink:NamedThing tongue disorder A disease involving the tongue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001752 biolink:NamedThing alveolar periostitis A condition sometimes occurring after tooth extraction, particularly after traumatic extraction, resulting in a dry appearance of the exposed bone in the socket, due to disintegration or loss of the blood clot. It is basically a focal osteomyelitis without suppuration and is accompanied by severe pain (alveolalgia) and foul odor. (Dorland, 28th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005535 biolink:NamedThing oral Crohn disease Crohn's disease affecting the mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005886 biolink:NamedThing oral candidiasis Infection of the mucosal lining of the mouth with the fungus Candida albicans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006576 biolink:NamedThing Ludwig's angina Severe cellulitis of the submaxillary space with secondary involvement of the sublingual and submental space. It usually results from infection in the lower molar area or from a penetrating injury to the mouth floor. (From Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006880 biolink:NamedThing oral leukoedema A disorder of the buccal mucosa resembling early leukoplakia, characterized by the presence of filmy opalescence of the mucosa in the early stages to a whitish gray cast with a coarsely wrinkled surface in the later stages, associated with intracellular edema of the spinous or malpighian layer. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015381 biolink:NamedThing commissural lip fistula A cysts and fistulae of the face and oral cavity that involves the labial commissure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019368 biolink:NamedThing florid cemento-osseous dysplasia Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is a rare fibro-osseous lesion in the jaw that predominantly affects middle-aged women of African descent. It is generally asymptomatic or may manifest with pain and gingival swelling. Radiologically, it is characterized by multiple dense lobulated bone lesions, often symmetrically located in various regions of the jaw. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043923 biolink:NamedThing lichen planus, oral A chronic, autoimmune inflammatory condition of the mucous membranes in the oral cavity that affects approximately two percent of the population and is most often seen in middle aged women. It is characterized by white, lacy patches; red, swollen tissue; papules and plaques; or open sores. The lesions are typically bilateral. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044992 biolink:NamedThing mouth mucosa disorder A disease or disorder that involves the mouth mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000741 biolink:NamedThing angular cheilitis Inflammation of the skin at the corners of the mouth characterized by redness, fissures or crusts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043300 biolink:NamedThing actinic cheilitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005200 biolink:NamedThing viral dilated cardiomyopathy An dilated cardiomyopathy caused by infection with Viruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005448 biolink:NamedThing hepatitis C induced liver cirrhosis Liver injury resulting from hepatitis C infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020648 biolink:NamedThing rubella encephalitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020689 biolink:NamedThing AIDS dementia complex A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr 6;332(14):934-40) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021677 biolink:NamedThing post-infectious neuralgia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024571 biolink:NamedThing AIDS-related disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder arising as a result of the immunologic defects caused by Autoimmune deficiency Syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100320 biolink:NamedThing post-COVID-19 disorder A SARS-CoV-2-related disease that is caused by infection by SARS-CoV-2, and manifests after the original primary infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000749 biolink:NamedThing breast abscess A breast disease characterized by a collection of pus in the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000939 biolink:NamedThing intracranial abscess An abscess that is located in the intracranial space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001307 biolink:NamedThing corneal abscess An abscess of the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001922 biolink:NamedThing pyoureter An abscess that is located in the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002333 biolink:NamedThing splenic abscess An abscess that is located in the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004862 biolink:NamedThing vitreous abscess DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700052 biolink:NamedThing intersphincteric abscess An abscess contained between the internal and external anal sphincters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002646 biolink:NamedThing viral laryngitis Acute inflammation of the larynx caused by viruses, including rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, and adenovirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005249 biolink:NamedThing pneumonia An acute, acute and chronic, or chronic inflammation focally or diffusely affecting the lung parenchyma, caused by an infection in one or both of the lungs (by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or mycoplasma.). Symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, fevers, chills, chest pain, headache, sweating, and weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020866 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal diphtheria Infection of the nasopharynx by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021783 biolink:NamedThing streptococcal sore throat Inflammation of the throat due to Streptococcus pyogenes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002614 biolink:NamedThing bone inflammation disease Inflammation of the bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004241 biolink:NamedThing Osgood-Schlatter disease Osteochondrosis of the growth plate near the tibial tuberosity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007244 biolink:NamedThing Caffey disease Caffey disease is an osteosclerotic dysplasia characterized by acute inflammation with massive subperiosteal new bone formation usually involving the diaphyses of the long bones, as well as the ribs, mandible, scapulae, and clavicles. The disease is associated with fever, irritability pain and soft tissue swelling, with onset around the age of 2 months and resolving spontaneously by the age of 2 years. However, prenatal disease onset has also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002657 biolink:NamedThing breast disorder A disease involving the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001100 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophy of breast Excessive enlargement of one or both breasts. Causes include pregnancy, obesity, and penicillamine therapy. It may result in neck, back, and shoulder pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001101 biolink:NamedThing fat necrosis of breast Localized necrosis of the adipose tissue in the breast. Clinically, it may present as a mass. Causes include injury, surgical procedures, and radiation treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002064 biolink:NamedThing breast angiomatosis A benign diffuse vascular proliferation in the breast. It is characterized by the formation of capillary-sized and cavernous vascular spaces. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003725 biolink:NamedThing breast adenosis A non-neoplastic disorder characterized by epithelial and/or myoepithelial tissue growth in the breast lobules. It may be associated with apocrine changes or sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005219 biolink:NamedThing breast fibrocystic disease Fibrosis associated with cyst formation in the breast parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015852 biolink:NamedThing excess breast volume or number DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015853 biolink:NamedThing deficient breast volume or number DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000750 biolink:NamedThing dental abscess A tooth disease characterized by a localized collection of pus associated with a tooth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002220 biolink:NamedThing tooth hard tissue disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002325 biolink:NamedThing tooth erosion, non-bacterial Progressive loss of tooth tissue by chemical processes that do not involve bacterial action. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p296) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002635 biolink:NamedThing periodontal disorder An inflammatory process of the gingival tissues and/or periodontal membrane of the teeth, resulting in an abnormally deep gingival sulcus, possibly producing periodontal pockets and loss of alveolar bone support. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003394 biolink:NamedThing dental pulp disorder A disease involving the dental pulp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006722 biolink:NamedThing dental fluorosis A condition that results from excessive fluoride ingestion during tooth development, resulting in tooth discoloration ranging from white streaks to brown stains and cracks or pits in the tooth enamel. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015668 biolink:NamedThing hereditary dentin defect The hereditary dentin disorders, dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and dentin dysplasia (DD), comprise a group of conditions characterized by abnormal dentin structure affecting either the primary or both the primary and secondary dentitions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000751 biolink:NamedThing cervical polyp A polyp that arises from the surface of the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002255 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic elongation of cervix DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002345 biolink:NamedThing cervicitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process that affects the cervix. Causes include sexually transmitted diseases and bacterial infections. Clinical manifestations include abnormal vaginal bleeding and vaginal discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002706 biolink:NamedThing cervix endometriosis Endometriosis that affects the cervix. Most patients are asymptomatic. Some patients may present with recurrent minimal uterine bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004702 biolink:NamedThing uterine cervix leukoplakia The presence of whitish patches on the mucosal surface of the cervix. Histologic examination reveals hyperkeratosis. In a minority of cases, underlying dysplasia or carcinoma in situ is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005698 biolink:NamedThing cervical incompetence A clinical diagnosis presenting with painless cervical dilatation and spontaneous mid-trimester birth in recurrent pregnancies in the absence of spontaneous membrane rupture, bleeding or clinical chorioamnionitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006139 biolink:NamedThing cervical metaplasia Metaplastic changes in the cervical glandular or squamous epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006696 biolink:NamedThing cervix erosion Loss or destruction of the epithelial lining of the uterine cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006195 biolink:NamedThing endometrial polyp A benign nodular lesion protruding above the surface of the endometrium. It is composed of a fibrous stroma that contains thick-walled blood vessels and dilated endometrial glands. Polypectomy is the treatment of choice. Only few cases with recurrence have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000754 biolink:NamedThing anal fistula A pathologic tract that connects an opening in the anal canal to the perianal skin. In the vast majority of cases there is a history of perianal abscess. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001772 biolink:NamedThing ulcer of anus and rectum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002165 biolink:NamedThing rectal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the rectum. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include lipoma and leiomyoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. Rectal adenomas always exhibit epithelial dysplasia and are considered premalignant neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002519 biolink:NamedThing anus disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the anal canal or anal margin. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include hemorrhoids and anal ulcer. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include carcinoma, lymphoma, and melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004754 biolink:NamedThing rectal prolapse Protrusion of the rectum through the anus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021398 biolink:NamedThing polyp of rectum A polyp that involves the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000755 biolink:NamedThing ectopic pregnancy An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted outside the endometrial cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001283 biolink:NamedThing endosalpingiosis A benign pathologic process characterized by the transformation of the mesothelium into fallopian tube epithelium. It occurs in the peritoneum and may affect the serosa surface of the uterus and the adnexa. It may be asymptomatic or present as pelvic pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001433 biolink:NamedThing vaginal disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the vagina. Representative examples include vaginal infection, vaginal polyp, and vaginal squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001592 biolink:NamedThing prolapse of female genital organ DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001836 biolink:NamedThing amenorrhea The absence of menses in a woman who has achieved reproductive age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001887 biolink:NamedThing Allen-Masters syndrome A syndrome characterized by laceration in the posterior leaf of broad ligament along with abnormally mobile cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002156 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube disorder A disease involving the fallopian tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002187 biolink:NamedThing vulvar disease A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the vulva. Representative examples include infection, Bartholin gland adenoma, and vulvar carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002946 biolink:NamedThing gynatresia A congenital or acquired occlusion of an opening in any part of the female genital tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004169 biolink:NamedThing premenstrual tension A combination of distressing physical, psychologic, or behavioral changes that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms of pms are diverse (such as pain, water-retention, anxiety, cravings, and depression) and they diminish markedly 2 or 3 days after the initiation of menses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015299 biolink:NamedThing Asherman syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015828 biolink:NamedThing uterovaginal malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015860 biolink:NamedThing anomaly of puberty or/and menstrual cycle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015932 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation of female A non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation that involves the female organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017200 biolink:NamedThing polycystic ovaries-urethral sphincter dysfunction syndrome Polycystic ovaries-urethral sphincter dysfunction syndrome is characterised by urinary retention and incomplete emptying of the bladder associated with abnormal electromyographic activity. It has been described in 33 women, 14 of whom also had polycystic ovaries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017962 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of sex development induced by fetoplacental androgens excess DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018987 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous mastitis A rare, benign, inflammatory breast disease occurring in premenopausal women shortly after a recent pregnancy. The origin is unknown but it is commonly mistaken for malignancy and sometimes associated with breast feeding and the use of oral contraceptives. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019370 biolink:NamedThing vulvovaginal gingival syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019593 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of sex development induced by fetal androgens excess DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021124 biolink:NamedThing female infertility Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021396 biolink:NamedThing polyp of vulva A polyp that involves the mammalian vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021642 biolink:NamedThing vulval varices A varicose disease that involves the mammalian vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021722 biolink:NamedThing vulvodynia Vulvodynia is a chronic pain syndrome that affects the vulvar area and occurs without an identifiable cause. Symptoms typically include a feeling of burning or irritation. For the diagnosis to be made symptoms must last at least 3 months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000756 biolink:NamedThing parameningeal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma located in the parameningeal region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009993 biolink:NamedThing embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma A poorly circumscribed morphologic variant of rhabdomyosarcoma. It is characterized by the presence of primitive skeletal muscle differentiation in any stage of myogenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002574 biolink:NamedThing prostate embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the prostate. It is characterized by the presence of skeletal muscle exhibiting embryonic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002576 biolink:NamedThing embryonal extrahepatic bile duct rhabdomyosarcoma An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002578 biolink:NamedThing botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising from organs with a mucosal epithelial surface. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules within an abundant myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002579 biolink:NamedThing orbit embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the orbit. It is characterized by the presence of skeletal muscle tissue exhibiting embryonic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000757 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis An osteoporosis caused by chronic glucocorticoid use. Glucocorticoids impair the replication, differentiation and function of osteoblasts and induce the apoptosis of mature osteoblasts and osteocytes; the also favor osteoclastogenesis leading to an increase in bone resorption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024651 biolink:NamedThing corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000758 biolink:NamedThing bacillary angiomatosis A condition that is caused by infection with Bartonella, and which is characterized by vascular proliferation, usually in immunocompromised individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005692 biolink:NamedThing cat-scratch disease Cat scratch disease is an infectious illness caused by the bacteria bartonella (Bartonella henselae). It is believed to be transmitted by cat scratches, bites, or exposure to cat saliva. This self-limiting infectious diseaseis characterized by a bump or blister at the site of the bite or scratch and swelling and pain in the lymph nodes. Other features may include fatigue, headache, achiness, and fever. Although cat-scratch disease usually subsides without treatment, antibiotic and/or antimicrobial therapy may help speed recovery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018984 biolink:NamedThing Oroya fever An infection that is caused by Bartonella bacilliformis, which is transmitted to humans from infected sandflies. The acute phase (Oroya fever) is characterized by fever, headache, myalgia, enlargement of the lymph nodes, and anemia. The chronic phase (verruga peruana/Peruvian wart) is characterized by benign, eruptive lesions that are bleeding and pruritic, arthralgia, and malaise. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021440 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of skin A benign neoplasm that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000964 biolink:NamedThing skin lipoma A benign or malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003291 biolink:NamedThing leiomyoma cutis A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the arrector pili muscle, tunica media of blood vessels, and dartos muscle of the genitalia. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005073 biolink:NamedThing melanocytic nevus A neoplasm composed of melanocytes that usually appears as a dark spot on the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013074 biolink:NamedThing encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis A rare neoplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of unilateral lipomas of the cranium, face and neck, and ipsilateral cerebral malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016824 biolink:NamedThing infantile myofibromatosis A benign, multifocal, nodular and well-circumscribed neoplasm usually seen as a congenital neoplasm or in the first year of life. It is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern and is composed of small, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells associated with branching thin-walled vessels and more mature neoplastic spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a collagenous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021489 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of sweat gland A benign neoplasm that involves the sweat gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021490 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of sebaceous gland A benign neoplasm that involves the sebaceous gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021605 biolink:NamedThing benign eyelid neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the upper or lower eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024666 biolink:NamedThing benign epithelial skin neoplasm A form of epithelial skin neoplasm without malignant characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001266 biolink:NamedThing erysipelas An infection of the upper layers of the skin caused by species of streptococcus. Erysipelas results in a fiery red rash with raised edges that can easily be distinguished from the skin around it. The affected skin may be warm to the touch. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004215 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous anthrax An anthrax disease that results in infection located in skin, has material basis in Bacillus anthracis, which is transmitted by contact with infected animals or animal products. The infection has symptom skin lesion that eventually forms an ulcer with a black center. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004592 biolink:NamedThing impetigo A contagious bacterial cutaneous infection that affects children and is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It usually presents in the face with honey colored scabs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004852 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005230 biolink:NamedThing cellulitis Inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues caused by a bacterial infection. Symptoms include erythema, edema, and pain to the affected area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005767 biolink:NamedThing gas gangrene A severe condition resulting from bacteria invading healthy muscle from adjacent traumatized muscle or soft tissue. The infection originates in a wound contaminated with bacteria of the genus clostridium. C. perfringens accounts for the majority of cases (over eighty percent), while C. noyvi, C. septicum, and C. histolyticum cause most of the other cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005800 biolink:NamedThing hordeolum An acute, localized swelling of the eyelid that may be external or internal and usually is a pyogenic (typically staphylococcal) infection or abscess. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006718 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous syphilis Cutaneous lesions arising from infection with Treponema pallidum. In the primary stage, 18-21 days following infection, one or more chancres appear. If untreated, the subsequent stages of the disease appear as syphilids. These eruptions are superficial, nondestructive, exanthematic, transient, macular roseolas that may later be maculopapular or papular polymorphous or scaly, pustular, pigmented eruptions.(Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p409) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018181 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome A blistering skin disorder caused by exfoliative toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus infection. The toxins cause the formation of bullae and diffuse skin desquamation. The lesions may be localized or generalized, far away from the initial site of infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018182 biolink:NamedThing bullous impetigo Bullous impetigo is a contagious superficial infection occurring in intact skin. Prevalence in the general population is unknown. The disease is characterized by fragile vesicles and flaccid blisters, most often presenting as erosive lesions covered by a yellow crust. The face, trunk and extremities of children under 5 years of age (particularly neonates) are mainly affected. The disease is generally caused by group II Staphylococcus aureus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024461 biolink:NamedThing angiomatosis A benign diffuse vascular proliferation usually occurring in young adults. It is characterized by the formation of capillary-sized and cavernous vascular spaces. Patients present with diffuse persistent swelling. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043349 biolink:NamedThing intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia A reactive, well-circumscribed vascular lesion. It is characterized by the formation of thin papillae projecting within the lumen of blood vessels. The papillae are lined by plump endothelial cells. Blood clots are also present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000763 biolink:NamedThing epithelial and subepithelial corneal dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000764 biolink:NamedThing epithelial-stromal TGFBI dystrophy Any corneal dystrophy (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TGFBI gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000766 biolink:NamedThing corneal endothelial dystrophy A corneal dystrophy (disease) that involves the corneal epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009016 biolink:NamedThing band keratopathy The deposition of calcium on the cornea, resulting in pain and decreased visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020212 biolink:NamedThing superficial corneal dystrophy The superficial corneal dystrophies refer to a group of rare genetically determined corneal dystrophies (CDs) characterized by lesions affecting the corneal epithelium and its basement membrane and the superficial corneal stroma, and variable effects on vision depending on the type of dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020213 biolink:NamedThing stromal corneal dystrophy The stromal corneal dystrophies refer to a group of rare genetically determined corneal dystrophies (CDs) characterized by lesions affecting the corneal stroma, and variable effects on vision depending on the type of dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020214 biolink:NamedThing posterior corneal dystrophy Posterior corneal dystrophies refers to a group of rare genetically determined corneal dystrophies (CDs) characterized by lesions affecting the corneal endothelium and Descemet membrane, and variable effects on vision depending on the type of dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000769 biolink:NamedThing chicken egg allergy An egg allergy triggered by Gallus gallus eggs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005271 biolink:NamedThing allergic disease An immune response that occurs following re-exposure to an innocuous antigen, and that requires the presence of existing antibodies against that antigen. This response involves the binding of IgE to mast cells, and may worsen with repeated exposures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000770 biolink:NamedThing shellfish allergy Allergic reaction to shellfish or shellfish products. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000775 biolink:NamedThing drug allergy Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000777 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal allergy A allergic disease that involves the digestive tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000778 biolink:NamedThing fruit allergy A food allergy triggered by a plant fruit product. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000807 biolink:NamedThing latex allergy Allergic reaction to products containing processed natural rubber latex such as rubber gloves, condoms, catheters, dental dams, balloons, and sporting equipment. Both T-cell mediated (hypersensitivity, delayed) and IgE antibody-mediated (hypersensitivity, immediate) allergic responses are possible. Delayed hypersensitivity results from exposure to antioxidants present in the rubber; immediate hypersensitivity results from exposure to a latex protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005202 biolink:NamedThing atopic IgE-mediated allergic disorder A genetic predisposition to form IgE antibodies in response to exposure to allergens and therefore, for the development of immediate (type I) hypersensitivity and atopic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis; bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy. Mutations of specific alleles on the long arm of chromosome 5 have been associated with higher levels of IL-4 and IgE and are known as IL-4 promoter polymorphisms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005849 biolink:NamedThing milk allergic reaction Allergic reaction to milk (usually cow's milk) or milk products. milk hypersensitivity should be differentiated from lactose intolerance, an intolerance to milk as a result of congenital deficiency of lactase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005902 biolink:NamedThing peanut allergic reaction Allergic reaction to peanuts that is triggered by the immune system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008669 biolink:NamedThing vulvovaginitis, allergic seminal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014218 biolink:NamedThing severe dermatitis-multiple allergies-metabolic wasting syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021202 biolink:NamedThing allergic otitis media A otitis media (disease) with a basis in a pathological type I hypersensitivity reaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100001 biolink:NamedThing alpha-gal syndrome An IgE antibody response to a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600005 biolink:NamedThing venom allergy An allergic disease involving venom. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000774 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune neuropathy An autoimmune form of peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009688 biolink:NamedThing myasthenia gravis Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare, clinically heterogeneous, autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction characterized by fatigable weakness of voluntary muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031013 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune optic neuritis An autoimmune form of optic neuritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001300 biolink:NamedThing autonomic neuropathy An inherited or acquired peripheral neuropathy affecting the autonomic nervous system. It results in disruption of the involuntary body functions. Inherited causes include Fabry disease and porphyrias. Acquired causes include diabetes, uremia, hepatic disorders, vitamin deficiencies, toxins, and drug toxicities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001397 biolink:NamedThing mononeuropathy Disease or trauma involving a single peripheral nerve in isolation, or out of proportion to evidence of diffuse peripheral nerve dysfunction. Mononeuropathy multiplex refers to a condition characterized by multiple isolated nerve injuries. Mononeuropathies may result from a wide variety of causes, including ischemia; traumatic injury; compression; connective tissue diseases; cumulative trauma disorders; and other conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001408 biolink:NamedThing ischemic neuropathy Neuropathy that is caused by inadequate blood supply. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001824 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy A disease or disorder affecting more than one nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002316 biolink:NamedThing motor peripheral neuropathy Inflammation or degeneration of the peripheral motor nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002321 biolink:NamedThing sensory peripheral neuropathy Inflammation or degeneration of the sensory nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003084 biolink:NamedThing uremic neuropathy Neuropathy resulting from uremia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003615 biolink:NamedThing nerve compression syndrome Any nerve disorder caused by the entrapment and compression of a nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006626 biolink:NamedThing diabetic neuropathy A chronic, pathological complication associated with diabetes mellitus, where nerve damages are incurred due to diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply these nerves, resulting in peripheral and/or autonomic nerve dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015923 biolink:NamedThing acquired peripheral neuropathy An instance of peripheral neuropathy that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021667 biolink:NamedThing neuralgia A pain disorder characterize by pain in the distribution of a nerve or nerves DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024334 biolink:NamedThing peripheral nerve lesion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024432 biolink:NamedThing nerve plexus disorder A disease that involves the nerve plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100061 biolink:NamedThing PRPS1 deficiency disorder A peripheral neuropathy that is characterized by variants in PRPS1, which causes decreased or impaired function of the PRPS1 enzyme, and presents as a range of peripheral neuropathies that can include features of Charcot-Marie Tooth syndrome, Arts syndrome, or nonsyndromic hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800207 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, small fiber DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000781 biolink:NamedThing cherry allergy A fruit allergy triggered by Prunus avium plant fruit food product. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000782 biolink:NamedThing Indian plum allergy A fruit allergy triggered by Ziziphus mauritiana plant fruit food product. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000783 biolink:NamedThing orange allergy A fruit allergy triggered by Citrus sinensis plant fruit food product. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000784 biolink:NamedThing melon allergy A fruit allergy triggered by Cucumis melo plant fruit food product. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000809 biolink:NamedThing purpura fulminans A severe, rapidly fatal reaction occurring most commonly in children following an infectious illness. It is characterized by large, rapidly spreading skin hemorrhages, fever, or shock. Purpura fulminans often accompanies or is triggered by disseminated intravascular coagulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001243 biolink:NamedThing disseminated intravascular coagulation A pathological process where the blood starts to coagulate throughout the whole body. This depletes the body of its platelets and coagulation factors, and there is an increased risk of hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001242 biolink:NamedThing disseminated intravascular coagulation in newborn A clotting condition characterized as a disruption in the homeostatic balance of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems presenting as a pathological activation of coagulation mechanisms leading to the formation of small clots inside the blood vessels throughout the body of the newborn. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006792 biolink:NamedThing hyperglobulinemic purpura Purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin associated with increase in circulating polyclonal globulins, usually gamma-globulins. This syndrome often occurs on the legs of women aged 20 to 40 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000811 biolink:NamedThing anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the left main coronary artery originates from the pulmonary artery instead of from aorta. The congenital heart defect typically results in coronary artery fistula; left-sided heart failure and mitral valve insufficiency during the first months of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000814 biolink:NamedThing B-cell adult acute lymphocytic leukemia An acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000872 biolink:NamedThing B-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia An acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003541 biolink:NamedThing adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia An acute lymphoblastic leukemia occurring during adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003539 biolink:NamedThing T-cell adult acute lymphocytic leukemia An acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003660 biolink:NamedThing adult lymphoma A lymphoma that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019478 biolink:NamedThing adult nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma A nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003916 biolink:NamedThing overnutrition An imbalanced nutritional status resulting from excessive intake of nutrients. Generally, overnutrition generates an energy imbalance between food consumption and energy expenditure leading to disorders such as obesity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004937 biolink:NamedThing hypervitaminosis D DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006798 biolink:NamedThing hypervitaminosis A A symptom complex resulting from ingesting excessive amounts of vitamin A. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011122 biolink:NamedThing obesity disorder A disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000828 biolink:NamedThing juvenile-onset Parkinson disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017279 biolink:NamedThing young-onset Parkinson disease A form of Parkinson disease (PD) characterized by an age of onset between 21-45 years, rigidity, painful cramps followed by tremor, bradykinesia, dystonia, gait complaints and falls, and other non-motor symptoms. A slow disease progression and a more pronounced response to dopaminergic therapy are also observed in most YOPD forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010360 biolink:NamedThing parkinson disease 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010820 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinson disease 2 A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, muscle rigidity; tremor; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see parkinson disease), secondary parkinsonism (see parkinson disease, secondary) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the basal ganglia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011220 biolink:NamedThing parkinson disease 3, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011613 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson disease 6 Any Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PINK1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011658 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson disease 7 Any Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PARK7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011737 biolink:NamedThing parkinson disease 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014233 biolink:NamedThing early-onset Parkinson disease 20 Any Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYNJ1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014796 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson disease 23 Any young-onset Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VPS13C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000833 biolink:NamedThing bone remodeling disease A bone disease that results in formation or resorption abnormalities located in bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000836 biolink:NamedThing disease of bone structure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001586 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 1 The most common type of mucopolysaccharidosis. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. It comprises a group of lysosomal storage diseases which includes the most severe form (Hurler syndrome) and the mildest form (Scheie syndrome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005380 biolink:NamedThing osteonecrosis A none disease characterized by death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007392 biolink:NamedThing coxoauricular syndrome Coxoauricular syndrome is an extremely rare primary bone defect, described only in a mother and her three daughters to date, characterized by short stature, hip dislocation, minor vertebral and pelvic changes, and microtia with hearing loss. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1981. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011093 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 9 An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutation(s) in the HYAL1 gene, encoding hyaluronidase-1. It is characterized by short stature and hyaluronidase deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016524 biolink:NamedThing congenital vascular bone syndrome An alteration in limb growth caused by congenital vascular malformations in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017584 biolink:NamedThing Sagliker syndrome A rare bone disease that arises due to secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure receiving dialysis characterized by 'uglifying' the appearance of the face DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017930 biolink:NamedThing mixed sclerosing bone dystrophy with extra-skeletal manifestations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018149 biolink:NamedThing GM1 gangliosidosis A rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized biochemically by deficient beta-galactosidase activity and clinically by a wide range of variable neurovisceral, ophthalmological and dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024654 biolink:NamedThing skull disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects structures of the skull. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035452 biolink:NamedThing mueller-weiss syndrome A rare bone disease characterized by spontaneous adult-onset tarsal navicular osteonecrosis. Patients present with chronic mid- and hindfoot pain, swelling and tenderness over the dorsomedial aspect of the midfoot, flattening of the medial longitudinal arch, and pes planovarus. Radiographic findings include comma-shaped deformity due to collapse of the lateral part of the navicular bone and medial or dorsal protrusion of a portion or the entire bone. The condition may be bilateral or asymmetric and associated with pathological fractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100068 biolink:NamedThing SLC10A7-congenital disorder of glycosylation SLC10A7 deficiency is characterized by compound heterozygous mutations in the SLC10A7 gene, a gene of unknown function in humans. It combines overlapping clinical phenotypes characterized by short stature, defective enamel formation (amelogenesis imperfecta), skeletal dysplasia, facial dysmorphism, moderate hearing impairment and mildly impaired intellectual developmen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000837 biolink:NamedThing bone resorption disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of bone resorption. Bone resorption is a process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000845 biolink:NamedThing fibrous dysplasia A genetic, non-inheritable disorder caused by osteoblastic differentiation defects that result in the replacement of bone marrow and trabecular bone by fibrous stroma and immature bone. It usually affects a single bone and less frequently multiple bones. Skull, femur, tibia, and humerus are the most frequently affected bones. It manifests with pain, deformities, and fractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001068 biolink:NamedThing osteomalacia A metabolic bone disease that results from either a deficiency in vitamin D, or an abnormality in the metabolism of vitamin D, or a deficiency of calcium in the diet. The most common symptoms are bone pain and muscle weakness. When it occurs in children it is commonly referred to as rickets. (Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.) --2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002185 biolink:NamedThing hyperostosis Excessive thickening of bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002933 biolink:NamedThing osteosclerosis Abnormally high bone density. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005520 biolink:NamedThing rickets Bone softening and weakening usually caused by deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D. Deficiency of calcium, magnesium, or phosphorus may also cause rickets. It predominantly affects children who suffer from severe malnutrition. It manifests with bone pain, fractures, muscle weakness, and skeletal deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000840 biolink:NamedThing dysbaric osteonecrosis A form of avascular necrosis where there is death of a portion of the bone that is thought to be caused by nitrogen embolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018373 biolink:NamedThing avascular necrosis Necrotic changes in the bone tissue due to interruption of blood supply. Most often affecting the epiphysis of the long bones, the necrotic changes result in the collapse and the destruction of the bone structure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018374 biolink:NamedThing secondary avascular necrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018379 biolink:NamedThing primary avascular necrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018384 biolink:NamedThing avascular necrosis of genetic origin An instance of avascular necrosis that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018919 biolink:NamedThing McCune-Albright syndrome McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is classically defined by the clinical triad of fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD), cafe-au-lait skin spots, and precocious puberty (PP). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000858 biolink:NamedThing neuronal intestinal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001272 biolink:NamedThing functional diarrhea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001273 biolink:NamedThing megacolon An abnormal dilation of the colon not due to obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001674 biolink:NamedThing diverticulitis of colon Inflammation of the colonic diverticula, generally with abscess formation and subsequent perforation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002031 biolink:NamedThing cecal disorder Pathological developments in the cecum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002139 biolink:NamedThing sigmoid disease Pathological processes in the sigmoid colon region of the large intestine (intestine, large). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002802 biolink:NamedThing functional colonic disease Chronic or recurrent colonic disorders without an identifiable structural or biochemical explanation. The widely recognized irritable bowel syndrome falls into this category. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005401 biolink:NamedThing colonic neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the colon. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include lipoma and leiomyoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. Colonic adenomas always exhibit epithelial dysplasia and are considered premalignant neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006151 biolink:NamedThing colon dysplasia A morphologic finding indicating the presence of dysplastic glandular epithelial cells in the colonic mucosa. There is no evidence of invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021400 biolink:NamedThing polyp of colon A polyp that involves the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043343 biolink:NamedThing Chilaiditi syndrome Interposition of a portion of the colon (e.g., sigmoid colon) between the liver and the diaphragm. It is associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, anorexia and volvulus. Chilaiditi anomaly refers to asymptomatic interposition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000859 biolink:NamedThing spina bifida occulta The mildest form of spina bifida, characterized by any of several neural tube defects which may go undetected until an x-ray is performed. Treatment is symptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019351 biolink:NamedThing isolated spina bifida A spina bifida (disease) that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007109 biolink:NamedThing congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 3 Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type III (CDA III) is a rare form of CDA characterized by dyserythropoiesis, with big multinucleated erythroblasts in the bone marrow, and manifesting with mild to moderate anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009134 biolink:NamedThing congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 2 Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II (CDA II) is the most common form of CDA characterized by anemia, jaundice and splenomegaly and often leading to liver iron overload and gallstones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011469 biolink:NamedThing congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by an isolated and severe decrease in the number of platelets and megakaryocytes during the first years of life that develops into bone marrow failure with pancytopenia later in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013355 biolink:NamedThing congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 4 Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type IV (CDA IV) is a newly discovered form of CDA characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and hemolysis that leads to severe anemia at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014094 biolink:NamedThing severe congenital hypochromic anemia with ringed sideroblasts STEAP3/TSAP6-related sideroblastic anemia is a very rare severe non-syndromic hypochromic anemia, which is characterized by transfusion-dependent hypochromic, poorly regenerative anemia, iron overload, resembling non-syndromic sideroblastic anemia except for increased erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020337 biolink:NamedThing congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 1 Congenital dyserythropoietic anemiatype I (CDA I) is a hematologic disorder of erythropoiesis characterized by moderate to severe macrocytic anemia occasionally associated with limb or nail deformities and scoliosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004675 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial encephalomyopathy A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that result in muscle and nervous system dysfunction. These are often multisystemic and vary considerably in age at onset (usually in the first or second decade of life), distribution of affected muscles, severity, and course. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp984-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009282 biolink:NamedThing multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency A disorder of fatty acid and amino acid oxidation, caused by mutations in ETFDH, ETFA, or ETFB, and is a clinically heterogeneous disorder ranging from a severe neonatal presentation with metabolic acidosis, cardiomyopathy and liver disease, to a mild childhood/adult disease with episodic metabolic decompensation, muscle weakness, and respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009638 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial myopathy with a defect in mitochondrial-protein transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010543 biolink:NamedThing Barth syndrome Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an inborn error of phospholipid metabolism characterized by dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), skeletal myopathy, neutropenia, growth delay and organic aciduria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010773 biolink:NamedThing myopathy and diabetes mellitus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010780 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial myopathy with reversible cytochrome C oxidase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010792 biolink:NamedThing lethal infantile mitochondrial myopathy Lethal infantile mitochondrial myopathy is a rare mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder characterized by progressive generalized hypotonia, progressive external ophthalmoplegia and severe lactic acidosis, which results in early fatality (days to months after birth). Patients may present with lethargy and areflexia and may associate additional features, such as cardiomyopathy, renal dysfunction, liver involvement and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013028 biolink:NamedThing adenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiency Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) deaminase deficiency is a metabolic disorder for which two forms have been described. Lack of activity of the erythrocyte isoform of AMP deaminase has been described in subjects with low plasma uric acid levels without obvious clinical relevance and will not be described further. Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency is an inherited disorder of muscular energy metabolism with a lack of AMP deaminase activity in skeletal muscle. It is characterised by exercise-induced muscle pain, cramps and/or early fatigue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016825 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial myopathy-lactic acidosis-deafness syndrome Mitochondrial myopathy-lactic acidosis-deafness is a type of metabolic myopathy described only in two sisters to date, presenting during childhood, and characterized clinically by growth failure, severe muscle weakness, and moderate sensorineural deafness and biochemically by metabolic acidosis, elevated serum pyruvate concentration, hyperalaninemia and hyperalaninuria. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1973. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020714 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial myopathy, episodic, with optic atrophy and reversible leukoencephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031230 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex II deficiency, nuclear type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100224 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010524 biolink:NamedThing X-linked sideroblastic anemia with ataxia A rare syndromic, inherited form of sideroblastic anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCB7 gene and is characterized by mild to moderate anemia (with hypochromia and microcytosis) and early-onset, non- or slowly progressive spinocerebellar ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014487 biolink:NamedThing congenital sideroblastic anemia-B-cell immunodeficiency-periodic fever-developmental delay syndrome Congenital sideroblastic anemia -B cell immunodeficiency- periodic fever-developmental delay syndrome is a form of constitutional sideroblastic anemia, characterized by severe microcytic anemia, B-cell lymphopenia, panhypogammaglobulinemia and variable neurodegeneration. The disease presents in infancy with recurrent febrile illnesses, gastrointestinal disturbances, developmental delay, seizures, ataxia and sensorineural deafness. Most patients require regular blood transfusion, iron chelation, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement. Stem cell transplantation has been reported to be successful. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020721 biolink:NamedThing X-linked sideroblastic anemia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030436 biolink:NamedThing anemia, sideroblastic, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000870 biolink:NamedThing childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia An acute lymphoblastic leukemia occurring during childhood. The majority of cases are B-acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Approximately 15% of the cases are T-acute lymphoblastic leukemias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003659 biolink:NamedThing pediatric lymphoma A Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000874 biolink:NamedThing T-cell childhood lymphoblastic lymphoma A T lymphoblastic lymphoma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004355 biolink:NamedThing childhood leukemia An acute or chronic leukemia that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004354 biolink:NamedThing neonatal leukemia Leukemia that occurs during the neonatal period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004996 biolink:NamedThing childhood acute myeloid leukemia Acute myeloid leukemia occurring in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004967 biolink:NamedThing acute lymphoblastic leukemia Leukemia with an acute onset, characterized by the presence of lymphoblasts in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. It includes the acute B lymphoblastic leukemia and acute T lymphoblastic leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001023 biolink:NamedThing prolymphocytic leukemia A mature B- or T- cell leukemia with progressive clinical course. It is characterized by the presence of medium-sized lymphocytes with visible nucleoli (prolymphocytes) in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003540 biolink:NamedThing acute T cell leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004932 biolink:NamedThing null-cell leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004947 biolink:NamedThing B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia A neoplasm of lymphoblasts committed to the B-cell lineage, typically composed of small to medium-sized blast cells. When the neoplasm involves predominantly the bone marrow and the peripheral blood, it is called B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. When it involves nodal or extranodal sites, it is called B lymphoblastic lymphoma. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004948 biolink:NamedThing B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and the most common form of leukemia in Western countries, affecting elderly adults (mean age of 67 and 72 years) with a slight male predominance (1.7:1), and characterized by a highly variable clinical presentation that can include asymptomatic disease or non-specific B-symptoms such as unintentional weight loss, severe fatigue, fever (without evidence of infection), and night sweats as well as cervical lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and frequent infections. Some patients can also develop autoimmune complications such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia or immune thrombocytopenia. The clinical course is extremely heterogeneous with survival ranging from a few months to several decades. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004963 biolink:NamedThing T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-cell origin. It comprises about 15% of childhood cases and 25% of adult cases. It is more common in males than females. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009539 biolink:NamedThing lymphoblastic leukemia, acute, with lymphomatous features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018689 biolink:NamedThing plasma cell leukemia An aggressive plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic plasma cells in the peripheral blood. It is characterized by the presence of a circulating clonal plasma cell count that exceeds 2x10^9/L or is 20% of the leukocyte differential count. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020322 biolink:NamedThing acute biphenotypic leukemia An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage characterized by blasts which coexpress myeloid and T or B lineage antigens or concurrent B and T lineage antigens. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020511 biolink:NamedThing precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia The most frequent type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Approximately 75% of cases occur in children under six years of age. This is a good prognosis leukemia. In the pediatric age group the complete remission rate is approximately 95% and the disease free survival rate is 70%. Approximately 80% of children appear to be cured. In the adult age group the complete remission rate is 60-85%. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020512 biolink:NamedThing precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002966 biolink:NamedThing splenic manifestation of prolymphocytic leukemia A prolymphocytic leukemia that involves the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003988 biolink:NamedThing sternum lymphoma A rare lymphoma that arises from the bone or soft tissue of the sternum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004104 biolink:NamedThing splenic manifestation of hairy cell leukemia A hairy cell leukemia that involves the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000871 biolink:NamedThing T-cell childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia An acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-cell origin occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004403 biolink:NamedThing childhood precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia A T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019468 biolink:NamedThing T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia A slow-growing type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many lymphocytes are found in the bone marrow and/or blood. The T-cell is specified as the defective cell line. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100291 biolink:NamedThing early T cell progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia T acute lymphoblastic leukemia in which the blasts have unique immunophenotypic and genetic characteristics suggesting only limited early T-cell differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000873 biolink:NamedThing lymphoblastic lymphoma A lymphoma composed of immature small to medium-sized precursor lymphoid cells (lymphoblasts). It includes the B- and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003538 biolink:NamedThing precursor lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia A neoplasm of immature malignant lymphocytes (lymphoblasts) committed to the B-cell or T-cell lineage. Neoplasms involving the bone marrow and the peripheral blood are called precursor lymphoblastic leukemias or acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Neoplasms involving primarily lymph nodes or extranodal sites are called lymphoblastic lymphomas. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003537 biolink:NamedThing precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia A neoplasm of lymphoblasts committed to the T-cell lineage, typically composed of small to medium-sized blast cells. When the neoplasm involves predominantly the bone marrow and the peripheral blood, it is called T acute lymphoblastic leukemia. When it involves nodal or extranodal sites it is called T lymphoblastic lymphoma. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035605 biolink:NamedThing B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with recurrent genetic abnormality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018908 biolink:NamedThing non-Hodgkin lymphoma Distinct from Hodgkin lymphoma both morphologically and biologically, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is characterized by the absence of Reed-Sternberg cells, can occur at any age, and usually presents as a localized or generalized lymphadenopathy associated with fever and weight loss. The clinical course varies according to the morphologic type. NHL is clinically classified as indolent, aggressive, or having a variable clinical course. NHL can be of B-or T-/NK-cell lineage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004638 biolink:NamedThing lymphosarcoma An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small and medium sized lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011508 biolink:NamedThing lymphoma, non-Hodgkin, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020644 biolink:NamedThing lung non-Hodgkin lymphoma A rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in and is confined to the lung at the time of diagnosis. Representative examples include bronchial mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020646 biolink:NamedThing ocular adnexal lymphoma A non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising from the conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, lacrimal drainage apparatus, eyelids, or other orbital tissues around the eye. The vast majority of cases are extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, however, other histologic types of lymphomas can originate from ocular adnexal tissues, including rare cases of NK/T-cell lymphomas of nasal type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022037 biolink:NamedThing large-cell immunoblastic lymphoma Malignant lymphoma characterized by the presence of immunoblasts with uniformly round-to-oval nuclei, one or more prominent nucleoli, and abundant cytoplasm. This class may be subdivided into plasmacytoid and clear-cell types based on cytoplasmic characteristics. A third category, pleomorphous, may be analogous to some of the peripheral T-cell lymphomas (LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, PERIPHERAL) recorded in both the United States and Japan. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042493 biolink:NamedThing gastric non-hodgkin lymphoma An extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the stomach with the bulk of the mass located in the stomach. The vast majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000875 biolink:NamedThing adult acute monocytic leukemia A acute monocytic leukemia that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007896 biolink:NamedThing acute monocytic leukemia Acute monoblastic leukemia (AML-M5), is one of the most common subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is either comprised of more than 80% of monoblasts (AML-M5a) or 30-80% monoblasts with (pro)monocytic differentiation (AML-M5b). AML-M5 presents with asthenia, pallor, fever, and dizziness. Specific features of AML-M5 include hyperleukocytosis, propensity for extramedullary infiltrates, coagulation abnormalities including disseminated intravascular coagulation and neurological disorders. Leukemia cutis and gingival infiltration can also be seen. A characteristic translocation observed in AML-M5 is t(9;11). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004051 biolink:NamedThing aleukemic monocytic leukemia cutis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004644 biolink:NamedThing subacute monocytic leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000878 biolink:NamedThing cytomegalovirus retinitis Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing, and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major opportunistic infection in aids patients and can cause blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002708 biolink:NamedThing retinitis Inflammation of the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001263 biolink:NamedThing histoplasmosis retinitis An retinitis caused by infection with Histoplasma capsulatum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006879 biolink:NamedThing optic papillitis Swelling of the optic disk, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause optic atrophy and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006950 biolink:NamedThing retinal vasculitis Inflammation of the retinal vasculature with various causes including infectious disease; lupus erythematosus, systemic; multiple sclerosis; behcet syndrome; and chorioretinitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005132 biolink:NamedThing cytomegalovirus infection A herpesvirus infection caused by Cytomegalovirus. Healthy individuals generally do not produce symptoms. However, the infection may be life-threatening in affected immunocompromised patients. The virus may cause retinitis, esophagitis, gastritis, and colitis. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024354 biolink:NamedThing cytomegalovirus pneumonia Pneumonia caused by cytomegalovirus. Most humans are exposed to cytomegalovirus. Healthy individuals do not develop signs and symptoms of infection. Patients with weakened immune system (e.g., AIDS patients, cancer patients who are being treated with chemotherapy, and patients who have received bone marrow or solid organ transplants) develop signs and symptoms of infection. They include cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, malaise, fever, muscle and joint pain, and excessive sweating. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004853 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal endophthalmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004863 biolink:NamedThing purulent endophthalmitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017209 biolink:NamedThing infectious posterior uveitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017210 biolink:NamedThing infectious anterior uveitis An infectious disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the anterior uvea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017211 biolink:NamedThing infectious panuveitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023865 biolink:NamedThing corneal infection A viral or bacterial infectious process affecting the cornea. Symptoms include pain and redness in the eye, photophobia and eye watering. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005883 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmic herpes zoster Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the nasociliary nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005981 biolink:NamedThing tick paralysis Paralysis caused by a neurotropic toxin secreted by the salivary glands of ticks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008039 biolink:NamedThing tropical spastic paraparesis Tropical spastic paraparesis is a chronic systemic immune-mediated inflammatory myeloneuropathy, more frequently reported in women than in men, that usually presents in adulthood with slowly progressive spastic paraparesis of the lower limbs, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and sensory disturbances in the lower extremities (e.g. paresthesia and dysesthesia) and that is associated with a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850107 biolink:NamedThing postinfectious cerebellitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001615 biolink:NamedThing epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Keratoconjunctivitis resulting from infection by adenoviruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005634 biolink:NamedThing acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis Acute conjunctivitis that is characterized by bleeding into the conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015288 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex virus keratitis A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic ulcers (keratitis, dendritic). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015289 biolink:NamedThing infectious epithelial keratitis Infectious epithelial keratitis is a rare, potentially sight-threatening, acquired ocular disease chracterized by corneal epithelium inflammation resulting from viral (mainly Herpes Simplex virus), bacterial, fungic or protist infection, manifesting with variable symptoms, such as conjunctival hyperemia, lacrimation, rapid onset of pain, blurred vision and/or photophobia, depending on the causative agent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021032 biolink:NamedThing herpes zoster with dermatitis of eyelid A form of herpes zoster infection characterized by dermatitis of the skin of the eyelid due to reactivation of latent virus associated with the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002026 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis Infection with the organism Candida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001648 biolink:NamedThing esophageal candidiasis Esophagitis resulting from Candida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001984 biolink:NamedThing candidal paronychia A candidiasis that results in fungal infection of the outer-most layer located in nail, has material basis in Candida species. The infection causes painful, red, swollen area around the nail, often at the cuticle or at the site of a hangnail or other injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004824 biolink:NamedThing neonatal candidiasis A fungal infection by any of the Candida species in a newborn infant up to 28 days old. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022636 biolink:NamedThing candida glabrata infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023415 biolink:NamedThing congenital candidiasis A fungal infection by any of the Candida species that is present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044067 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis, invasive A fungal infection by any of the Candida species in a sterile body compartment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000884 biolink:NamedThing myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms associated with FGFR1 abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015688 biolink:NamedThing myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms associated with eosinophilia and abnormality of PDGFRA, PDGFRB, FGFR1 or JAK2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013296 biolink:NamedThing myeloid neoplasm associated with FGFR1 rearrangement Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the FGFR1 gene, resulting in translocations with an 8p11 breakpoint. Patients present with a myeloproliferative neoplasm, acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia of T or B-cell lineage, or acute leukemia of mixed phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015689 biolink:NamedThing myeloid neoplasm associated with PDGFRA rearrangement A rare, malignant, neoplastic disease characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid and/or lymphoid precursors harboring rearrangements in the PDGFRA gene, in the blood, bone marrow and often other tissues as well (spleen, lymph nodes, skin, etc.). It usually presents as chronic eosinophilic leukemia or, less commonly, as acute myeloid leukemia or T-lymphoblastic leukemia with eosinophilia. Patients usually present with eosinophilia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, fever, sweating and/or weight loss. Tissue infiltration by eosinophils can manifest with skin rash, erythema, cough, neurological alterations, gastrointestinal symptoms or, rarely, endomyocardial fibrosis and restrictive cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015690 biolink:NamedThing myeloid neoplasm associated with PDGFRB rearrangement A rare, malignant, neoplastic disease characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid and/or lymphoid precursors harboring rearrangements in the PDGFRB gene, in the blood, bone marrow and often other tissues as well (spleen, lymph nodes, skin, etc.). It usually presents as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia, chronic eosinophilic leukemia, atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Patients usually present with anemia, leukocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia and/or splenomegaly, or systemic symptoms, such as fever, sweating and/or weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035121 biolink:NamedThing myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm associated with JAK2 rearrangement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000918 biolink:NamedThing endometritis An acute or chronic, usually bacterial infectious process affecting the endometrium. It may extend to the myometrium and parametrial tissues. Symptoms include lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, and vaginal bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003014 biolink:NamedThing rhinitis An inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose, usually associated with nasal discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004842 biolink:NamedThing stomatitis Inflammation of the oral mucosa due to local or systemic factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000889 biolink:NamedThing haemophilus meningitis Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria of the genus haemophilus, and marked by prominent inflammation of the meninges. haemophilus influenzae type B is the most common causative organism. The condition primarily affects children under 6 years of age but may occur in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001316 biolink:NamedThing streptococcal meningitis An infectious meningitis caused by infection with Streptococcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002000 biolink:NamedThing anaerobic meningitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006042 biolink:NamedThing meningeal tuberculosis A bacterial infection of the membranes covering the brain and the spinal cord caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006753 biolink:NamedThing Escherichia coli meningitis A form of gram-negative meningitis that tends to occur in neonates, in association with anatomical abnormalities (which feature communication between the meninges and cutaneous structures) or as opportunistic infections in association with immunologic deficiency syndromes. In premature neonates the clinical presentation may be limited to anorexia; vomiting; lethargy; or respiratory distress. Full-term infants may have as additional features fever; seizures; and bulging of the anterior fontanelle. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp398-400) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006836 biolink:NamedThing Listeria meningitis Inflammation of the meninges caused by listeria monocytogenes infection, usually occurring in individuals under the age of 3 years or over the age of 50 years. It may occur at any age in individuals with immunologic deficiency syndromes. Clinical manifestations include fever, altered mentation, headache, meningeal signs, focal neurologic signs, and seizures. (From Medicine 1998 Sep;77(5):313-36) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018059 biolink:NamedThing meningococcal meningitis An acute bacterial disease caused by Neisseria meningitides that presents usually, but not always, with a rash (non blanching petechial or purpuric rash), progressively developing signs of meningitis (fever, vomiting, headache, photophobia, and neck stiffness) and later leading to confusion, delirium and drowsiness. Neck stiffness and photophobia are often absent in infants and young children who may manifest nonspecific signs such as irritability, inconsolable crying, poor feeding, and a bulging fontanel. Meningococcal meningitis may also present as part of early or late onset sepsis in neonates. The disease is potentially fatal. Surviving patients may develop neurological sequelae that include sensorineural hearing loss, seizures, spasticity, attention deficits and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041825 biolink:NamedThing bacterial meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015564 biolink:NamedThing Castleman disease Castleman disease (CD) is a benign lymphoproliferative disorder that may present as a localized or multicentric form. The clinical manifestations are heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic discrete lymphadenopathy to recurrent episodes of diffuse lymphadenopathy with severe systemic symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015592 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibodies Limbic encephalitis with LGI1 antibodies is a rare neuroimmunological disorder characterized by the onset of cognitive decline, psychiatric disturbances and seizures (distinctively faciobrachial dystonic seizures) in association with detection of LGI1 antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. Patients may present with confusion, hallucinations, vocalization, paranoia, tangentiality, aggressive outbursts and/or spatial disorientation, as well as obstinate hyponatremia. It is most often non-paraneoplastic, however comorbid tumors, such as small cell lung cancer and thymoma, have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019208 biolink:NamedThing Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is a rare post-infectious neurological disease characterized by the association of external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, lower limb arreflexia, extensor plantar response and disturbance of consciousness (drowsiness, stupor or coma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023528 biolink:NamedThing KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome A syndrome caused by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. It manifests with fever, weight loss, and fluid retention in the legs or abdomen. Patients are at risk of developing KSHV-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043275 biolink:NamedThing TORCH syndrome A syndrome that results from a group of infections that affect the fetus or the newborn. The group of infections includes Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and other infections. The other infections include varicella-zoster virus, hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus, parvovirus B19, and syphilis. Signs and symptoms include fever, feeding difficulties, petechial rash, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, chorioretinitis, and microcephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000891 biolink:NamedThing mixed fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma A fibrolamellar carcinoma that is characterized by the presence of both pure fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and and conventional hepatocellular carcinoma components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006210 biolink:NamedThing fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma A distinctive type of liver cell carcinoma that arises in non-cirrhotic livers and is seen predominantly in young patients. The tumor cells are polygonal and deeply eosinophilic, and are embedded in a fibrous stroma. The prognosis is similar to classical hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in non-cirrhotic livers, and better than hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in cirrhotic livers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000892 biolink:NamedThing colon medullary carcinoma A rare, invasive colon adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. It usually has a favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002271 biolink:NamedThing colon adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the colon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002495 biolink:NamedThing colon signet ring cell adenocarcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells which contain prominent intracytoplasmic mucin (signet ring cells). The signet ring cells constitute more than 50% of the malignant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002496 biolink:NamedThing submucosal invasive colon adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma of the colon that has invaded into the submucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005007 biolink:NamedThing colon mucinous adenocarcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon characterized by the presence of pools of extracellular mucin. Malignant glandular epithelial cells are present in the mucin collections. Mucin constitutes more than 50% of the lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006028 biolink:NamedThing cecum adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the caecum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020794 biolink:NamedThing colorectal medullary carcinoma A rare, invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. It usually has a favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020801 biolink:NamedThing rectal medullary carcinoma A rare, invasive rectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. It usually has a favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000893 biolink:NamedThing mixed mucinous and nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma A rare morphologic variant of bronchiolo-alveolar lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of both mucin and non-mucin producing cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000894 biolink:NamedThing mucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma A bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma that is characterized by a tumour cells containing abundant mucin in their cytoplasm and composed of tall columnar cells growing along alveolar walls without stromal invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000895 biolink:NamedThing nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma A bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma that is characterized by cells with cuboidal or columnar morphology with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm and shows Clara cell or type 2 pneumocyte differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002398 biolink:NamedThing mucinous adenofibroma A benign adenofibroma characterized by the presence of epithelial cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin and a fibrotic stroma. A representative example is the ovarian mucinous adenofibroma. Cases with epithelial atypia described in the ovary lacking stromal invasion are designated as borderline mucinous adenofibromas and have a low grade malignant potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006859 biolink:NamedThing mucinous cystadenoma A benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020596 biolink:NamedThing mucin-producing carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044879 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic mucinous-cystic neoplasm A non-invasive or invasive cystic epithelial neoplasm that affects almost exclusively females. It is characterized by the presence of columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells and ovarian-type stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000898 biolink:NamedThing malignant hemangioma A malignant form of hemangioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006500 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma A benign vascular lesion characterized by the formation of capillary-sized or cavernous vascular channels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001256 biolink:NamedThing arteriovenous hemangioma/malformation A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001974 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma of orbit A hemangioma arising from the orbit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002337 biolink:NamedThing intra-abdominal hemangioma A hemangioma arising from organs within the abdominal cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002407 biolink:NamedThing capillary hemangioma A common hemangioma characterized by the presence of capillary-sized vascular channels without prominent epithelioid endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003083 biolink:NamedThing venous hemangioma A rare slow growing benign tumor of aberrant and ectatic venous connections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003096 biolink:NamedThing deep hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the deep soft tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003110 biolink:NamedThing skin hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003115 biolink:NamedThing subglottic hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the subglottic area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003126 biolink:NamedThing breast hemangioma A capillary or cavernous hemangioma arising from the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003155 biolink:NamedThing cavernous hemangioma A hemangioma characterized by the presence of cavernous vascular spaces. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003172 biolink:NamedThing glomeruloid hemangioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003194 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma of lung A hemangioma that involves the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003206 biolink:NamedThing acquired hemangioma A hemangioma that is not present at birth but develops later in life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003241 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the brain and spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003258 biolink:NamedThing hobnail hemangioma A hemangioma characterized by the presence of hobnail endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004519 biolink:NamedThing synovial angioma A rare hemangioma arising from synovium lining surfaces. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006375 biolink:NamedThing placental hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the fetal blood vessels in the placental villi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006557 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma of subcutaneous tissue A hemangioma arising from the subcutaneous soft tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007707 biolink:NamedThing hemangiomas of small intestine A hemangioma that involves the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011191 biolink:NamedThing capillary infantile hemangioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016222 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell hemangioma Spindle cell hemangioma (SCH), also known as spindle cell hemangioendothelioma, is a rare benign vascular tumor either solitary or multiple, characterized by cavernous blood vessels separated by spindle cells reminiscent of those in KaposiBs sarcoma and located in the dermis and subcutis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016223 biolink:NamedThing infantile hemangioma of rare localization DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018715 biolink:NamedThing congenital hemangioma A hemangioma present and fully formed at birth. The different types are Rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICH), Partially involuting congenital hemangioma (PICH) and Non-involuting congenital hemangiomas (NICH). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021169 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid hemangioma A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021541 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma of retina A hemangioma that involves the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021542 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma of choroid A hemangioma that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021543 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma of gingiva A hemangioma that involves the gingiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000901 biolink:NamedThing relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized by less than 50 percent decrease in lesion size with induction therapy or the appearance of new lesions or the appearance of new lesions after attainment of complete remission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018905 biolink:NamedThing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in adults characterized by a median age of presentation in the sixth decade of life (but also rarely occurring in adolescents and children) with the initial presentation being single or multiple rapidly growing masses (that may or may not be painful) in nodal or extranodal sites (such as thyroid, skin, breast, gastrointestinal tract, testes, bone, or brain) and that can be accompanied by symptoms of fever, night sweats and weight loss. DLBCL has an aggressive disease course, with the elderly having a poorer prognosis than younger patients, and with relapses being common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006223 biolink:NamedThing gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma An extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the stomach with the bulk of the mass located in the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006383 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Leg type An aggressive primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma, usually involving the lower leg. It is composed of a generally monotonous proliferation of immunoblasts, or less frequently centroblasts, with few admixed reactive cells. This type of lymphoma occurs most often in elderly women who present with rapidly growing tumors, usually on one or both legs. Dissemination to extracutaneous sites is frequent. Treatment with combination chemotherapy is usually required. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006428 biolink:NamedThing splenic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurring in the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017346 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly is a rare form of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurring most commonly in patients over the age of 50 (usually between 70-75 years of age), without overt immunodeficiency, and presenting with nodal and extranodal involvement (in sites such as the stomach, lung, skin and pancreas) and B symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss). The tumor is characterized by an aggressive course and a short survival rate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017347 biolink:NamedThing plasmablastic lymphoma An aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma frequently arising in the setting of HIV infection and characterized by the presence of large neoplastic cells resembling B-immunoblasts which have the immunophenotypic profile of plasma cells. Sites of involvement include the oral cavity, sinonasal cavity, skin, soft tissues, gastrointestinal tract, and bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017596 biolink:NamedThing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising from the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017597 biolink:NamedThing T-cell/histiocyte rich large B cell lymphoma T-cell/histiocyte rich large B cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) is a rare variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mainly affecting middle-aged men and often not being discovered until an advanced disease stage, with involvement of the spleen, liver and bone marrow occurring at a greater frequency than in DLBCL. It is often difficult to diagnose due to its similarity with other lymphoid diseases such as classic Hodgkin lymphoma and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and has an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017601 biolink:NamedThing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with chronic inflammation Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with chronic inflammation is an Epstein-Barr virus-associated malignant lymphoproliferative disorder, developing in a context of long-standing or slow-growing, chronically inflamed lesions, such as chronic pyothorax, metallic implants in bones and joints, chronic osteomyelitis, chronic venous ulcer, or, rarely granulomatous inflammation. The tumor is usually primarily localized, with no involvement of other organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018225 biolink:NamedThing ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a very rare variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) mainly affecting middle-aged immunocompetent men and characterized by a consistent primary involvement of lymph nodes (mainly in the cervical and mediastinum lymph nodes) and with infrequent extra nodal involvement of the bone marrow and other extra-nodal sites (head and neck region, liver, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract). It has an aggressive disease course, and is associated with a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018842 biolink:NamedThing primary effusion lymphoma Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a large B-cell lymphoma located in the body cavities, characterized by pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial fluid lymphomatous effusions and that is always associated with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019466 biolink:NamedThing lymphomatoid granulomatosis Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a very rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven lymphoproliferative disease most commonly occurring in adults (in the fourth to sixth decade of life) and commonly affecting the lungs (with presentations varying from small bilateral pulmonary nodules to large necrotic and sometimes cavitating lesions), skin, central nervous system, and kidneys, but only very rarely affecting the lymph nodes and spleen. The symptoms associated with LYG depend on the site of disease involvement but mainly include cough, dyspnea or chest pain (in those with pulmonary involvement) and constitutional symptoms such as weight loss and fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020323 biolink:NamedThing primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma A large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the mediastinum. Morphologically it is characterized by a massive diffuse lymphocytic proliferation associated with compartmentalizing fibrosis. Response to intensive chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy, is usually good. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020324 biolink:NamedThing intravascular large B-cell lymphoma Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a very rare form of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the selective growth of lymphoma cells within the lumina of small blood vessels (especially the capillaries) that most often presents with a wide range of clinical manifestations (as potentially any tissue can be involved), with patients from Western countries more frequently manifesting with neurological and cutaneous symptoms while patients from Asian countries more frequently displaying hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenia. IVLBCL is characterized by an absence of lymphadenopathy, an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044889 biolink:NamedThing high grade B-cell lymphoma A term that refers to high grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified or high grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016113 biolink:NamedThing bulbospinal muscular atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016114 biolink:NamedThing bulbospinal muscular atrophy of childhood A bulbospinal muscular atrophy that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016115 biolink:NamedThing bulbospinal muscular atrophy of adulthood A bulbospinal muscular atrophy that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016116 biolink:NamedThing generalized bulbospinal muscular atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019132 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy-Dandy-Walker malformation-cataracts syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000903 biolink:NamedThing myoclonus-dystonia syndrome Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) is a rare movement disorder characterized by mild to moderate dystonia along with 'lightning-like' myoclonic jerks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019448 biolink:NamedThing benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy Benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy (BAFME) is an inherited epileptic syndrome characterized by cortical hand tremors, myoclonic jerks and occasional generalized or focal seizures with a non-progressive or very slowly progressive disease course, and no signs of early dementia or cerebellar ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018329 biolink:NamedThing persistent combined dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007496 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 12 Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP) is a very rare movement disorder, characterized by the abrupt onset of parkinsonism and dystonia, often triggered by physical or psychological stress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015004 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 28, childhood-onset Any dystonic disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KMT2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016812 biolink:NamedThing dopa-responsive dystonia Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) describes a group of neurometabolic disorders characterized by dystonia that typically shows diurnal fluctuations, that responds excellently to levodopa (L-dopa) and that is comprised of autosomal dominant dopa-responsive dystonia (DYT5a), autosomal recessive dopa-responsive dystonia (DYT5b) and dopa responsive dystonia due to sepiapterin reductase (SR) deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018226 biolink:NamedThing infantile epileptic-dyskinetic encephalopathy Infantile epileptic-dyskinetic encephalopathy is a monogenic disease with epilepsy characterized by developmental delay and infantile spasms in the first months of life, followed by chorea and generalized dystonia and progressing to quadriplegic dyskinesia, recurrent status dystonicus, intractable focal epilepsy and severe intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018266 biolink:NamedThing ataxia - telangiectasia variant Ataxia-telangiectasia variant is a rare, genetic, persistent combined dystonia characterized by clinical signs similar to ataxia-telangiectasia but with a later (usually adulthood) onset and slower progression. Patients typically present extrapyramidal signs, such as resting tremor, choreathetosis, and dystonia, as the initial symptoms and later often develop mild cerebellar ataxia (with gait usually preserved). Telangiectasia and immunodeficiency may be absent but secondary features of ataxia-telangiectasia, such as risk of malignancy, dysarthria and peripheral neuropathy, are frequently present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018267 biolink:NamedThing combined cervical dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018476 biolink:NamedThing dystonia-aphonia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000908 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 13 Any arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTNNA3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016342 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Familial isolated arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVC) is the familial autosomal dominant form of ARVC, a heart muscle disease characterized by life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias with left bundle branch block configuration that may manifest with palpitations, ventricular tachycardia, syncope and sudden fatal attacks, and that is due to dystrophy and fibro-fatty replacement of the right ventricular myocardium that may lead to right ventricular aneurysms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007152 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 1 Any arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TGFB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010975 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 2 Any familial isolated arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RYR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011188 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 3 An arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia associated with variation in the region 14q12-q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011189 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 4 An arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia associated with variation in the region 2q32.1-q32.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011459 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 5 Any arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM43 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011460 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 6 An arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia associated with variation in the region 10p14-p12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011831 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 8 Any arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012180 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 9 Any familial isolated arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PKP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012434 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 10 Any arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012506 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 11 Any familial isolated arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012684 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 12 Any familial isolated arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the JUP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017401 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, left dominant form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017402 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, biventricular form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017403 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, right dominant form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030062 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, familial, 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000909 biolink:NamedThing Bartter disease type 4B A Bartter disease that has material basis in simultaneous mutation in both the CLCNKA and CLCNKB genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019524 biolink:NamedThing infantile Bartter syndrome with sensorineural deafness Infantile Bartter syndrome with deafness, a phenotypic variant of Bartter syndrome is characterized by maternal polyhydramnios, premature delivery, polyuria and sensorineural deafness and is associated with hypokalemic alkalosis, increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone, low blood pressure, and vascular resistance to angiotensin II. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011242 biolink:NamedThing Bartter disease type 4a Any Bartter syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BSND gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000910 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 6 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region Xp21.3-p21.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019200 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal dystrophy leading to progressive loss of the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium and resulting in blindness usually after several decades. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007362 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 2 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008377 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 1 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008378 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 9 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RP9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008379 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 10 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IMPDH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008381 biolink:NamedThing dominant pericentral pigmentary retinopathy A retinitis pigmentosa that is characterized pigmentary retinal degeneration with onset in the teens leading to blindness in the sixth ans seventh decades of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009984 biolink:NamedThing late-adult onset retinitis pigmentosa A retinitis pigmentosa that is characterized by onset of symptoms in the fifth or sixth decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009987 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive pericentral pigmentary retinopathy A retinitis pigmentosa that is characterized autosomal recessive inheritance of pigmentary retinal degeneration with onset in the infancy but slower rates of progression than other forms of retinopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010227 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 3 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPGR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010259 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 24 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region Xq26-q27. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010320 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 23 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OFD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010374 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 34 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region Xq28. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010723 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 2 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010761 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa Y-linked Y-linked form of retinitis pigmentosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010806 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 13 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPF8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010818 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 12 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010827 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 14 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TULP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010828 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 11 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPF31 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010945 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 17 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011075 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 18 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPF3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011137 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 19 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011259 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 22 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 16p12.3-p12.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011272 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 25 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EYS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011630 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 28 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FAM161A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011935 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 30 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FSCN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011974 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 7 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in mutation in the PRPH2 gene on chromosome 6p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012024 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 26 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CERKL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012363 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 32 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1p21.3-p13.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012367 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 31 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TOPORS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012463 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 35 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEMA4A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012477 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 33 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SNRNP200 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012523 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 36 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRCD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012625 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 37 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NR2E3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012796 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 41 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PROM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012813 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 29 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 4q32-q34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012943 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 46 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IDH3B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013052 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 42 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KLHL7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013175 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 50 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BEST1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013263 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 54 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PCARE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013274 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 51 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTC8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013312 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 55 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARL6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013314 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 56 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IMPG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013315 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 57 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE6G gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013328 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 58 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZNF513 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013348 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 15 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDHR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013395 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 4 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RHO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013402 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 27 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NRL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013405 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 49 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CNGA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013407 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 47 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SAG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013413 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 45 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CNGB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013414 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 44 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RGR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013425 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 20 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPE65 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013429 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 40 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE6B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013436 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 39 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the USH2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013437 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 43 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE6A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013447 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 48 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCA1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013468 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 59 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DHDDS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013469 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 38 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MERTK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013516 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 60 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013610 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 61 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLRN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013611 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 62 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013780 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 63 A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 6q23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013786 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 16 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C8orf37 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014093 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 66 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RBP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014186 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa with or without situs inversus Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARL2BP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014256 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 67 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NEK2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014323 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 68 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC7A14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014345 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 69 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIZ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014400 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 70 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPF4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014522 biolink:NamedThing retinal dystrophy and obesity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014618 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 71 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFT172 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014653 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 72 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZNF408 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014687 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 73 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HGSNAT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014692 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 74 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014871 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 75 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AGBL5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014929 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 76 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POMGNT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015013 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 77 Any retinitis pigmentosa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the REEP6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030619 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 92 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030797 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 93 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032577 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 83 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032604 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 84 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032689 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 85 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032834 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 86 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032873 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 87 with choroidal involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032940 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 88 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033563 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 90 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036482 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 81 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044314 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 78 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044320 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 79 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054708 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 80 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800328 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 94, variable age at onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800348 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 53 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800352 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 65 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800359 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa 64 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020605 biolink:NamedThing X-linked recessive disease X-linked recessive form of disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010358 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic rickets, X-linked recessive Any X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLCN5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010385 biolink:NamedThing X-linked lymphoproliferative disease due to XIAP deficiency A condition of decreased or absent presence of baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 4. Deficiency of this protein is associated with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010563 biolink:NamedThing blue cone monochromacy Blue cone monochromatism (BCM) is a recessive X-linked disease characterized by severely impaired color discrimination, low visual acuity, nystagmus, and photophobia, due to dysfunction of the red (L) and green (M) cone photoreceptors. BCM is as an incomplete form of achromatopsia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010622 biolink:NamedThing recessive X-linked ichthyosis A genodermatosis belonging to the Mendelian Disorders of Cornification (MeDOC) and characterized by generalized hyperkeratosis and scaling of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017630 biolink:NamedThing X-linked complicated spastic paraplegia type 1 An X-linked form of L1 syndrome characterized by spastic paraplegia, mild to moderate intellectual disability, normal MRI of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021019 biolink:NamedThing X-linked recessive ocular albinism X-linked recessive ocular albinism (XLOA) is a rare disorder characterized by ocular hypopigmentation, foveal hypoplasia, nystagmus, photodysphoria, and reduced visual acuity in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024551 biolink:NamedThing X-linked lymphoproliferative disease due to SH2D1A deficiency A rare, genetic, primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, caused by hemizygous mutations in the X-linked SH2D1A gene, resulting in B cell lymphoproliferation and manifesting with various phenotypes which include EBV-driven severe or fulminant mononucleosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (presenting with fulminant hepatitis, hepatic necrosis, bone marrow hypoplasia, and neurological involvement), hypogammaglobulinemia, and B-cell lymphoma. Additional variable manifestations include vasculitis, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, aplastic anemia, and chronic gastritis. Occasionally, T-cell lymphoma may be observed. Laboratory findings include normal or increased activated T cells and reduced memory B cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026763 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 13, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100213 biolink:NamedThing IFAP syndrome with or without BRESHECK syndrome An X-linked multiple congenital anomaly disorder with variable severity. The classic triad, which defines IFAP, is ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, and photophobia. Some patients have additional features, including mental retardation, brain anomalies, Hirschsprung disease, corneal opacifications, kidney dysplasia, cryptorchidism, cleft palate, and skeletal malformations, particularly of the vertebrae, which constitutes BRESHECK syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000912 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 5 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 14q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009076 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 1A An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GJB2 gene, encoding gap junction beta-2 protein. The condition is characterized by profound sensorineural hearing loss and may be associated with vestibular dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010807 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 2 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO7A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010860 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 3 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO15A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010933 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 4 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in mutation in the SLC26A4 gene on chromosome 7q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010965 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 6 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMIE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010967 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 7 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010986 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 9 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OTOF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010987 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 8 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in mutation in the TMPRSS3 gene on chromosome 21q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011067 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 12 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized by prelingual onset with severe to profound, stable hearing loss and has material basis in mutation in the CDH23 gene on chromosome 10q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011160 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 15 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GIPC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011192 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 18A Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the USH1C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011279 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 17 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation between D7S2453 and D7S525 in the chromosome region 7q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011286 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 13 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 7q34-q36. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011351 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 21 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TECTA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011360 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 14 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation between D7S554 and D7S2459 in the chromosome region 7q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011364 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 16 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STRC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011392 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 20 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 11q25-qter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011553 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 26 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 4q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011602 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 27 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2q23-q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011762 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 22 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OTOA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011767 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 31 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WHRN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011774 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 30 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO3A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011799 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 33 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 10p11.23-q21.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011912 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 37 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011991 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 38 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 6q26-q27. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012002 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 40 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 22q11.21-q12.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012003 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 39 An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the HGF gene, encoding hepatocyte growth factor receptor. It is characterized by profound deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012060 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 35 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ESRRB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012091 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 32 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized by prelingual onset with severe to profound, stable hearing loss and has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1p22.1-p13.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012170 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 36 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ESPN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012273 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 48 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CIB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012293 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 23 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PCDH15 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012326 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 42 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ILDR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012327 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 46 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 18p11.32-p11.31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012333 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 53 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL11A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012355 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 28 An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the TRIOBP gene, encoding TRIO and F-actin-binding protein. The condition is characterized by severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012370 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 51 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 11p13-p12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012375 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 47 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2p25.1-p24.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012376 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 55 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 4q12-q13.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012418 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 62 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 12p13.2-p11.23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012420 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 49 An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the MARVELD2 gene, encoding MARVEL domain-containing protein 2. The condition is characterized by profound prelingual deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012421 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 44 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADCY1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012442 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 66 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DCDC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012445 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 59 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PJVK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012452 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 65 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 20q13.2-q13.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012460 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 67 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LHFPL5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012485 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 68 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the S1PR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012602 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 24 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RDX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012670 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 63 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRTOMT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012903 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 45 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1q43-q44. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012977 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 1B Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJB6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013010 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 71 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 8p22-p21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013119 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 77 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LOXHD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013210 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 25 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRXCR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013215 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 79 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TPRN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013249 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 84A Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTPRQ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013250 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 85 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 17p12-q11.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013269 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 91 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SERPINB6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013365 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 83 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 9p23-p21.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013386 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 74 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSRB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013471 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 61 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC26A5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013489 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 89 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KARS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013537 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 29 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLDN14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013738 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 96 An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1p36.31-p36.13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013826 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 86 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBC1D24 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013929 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 98 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TSPEAR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013963 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 93 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CABP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013978 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 70 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PNPT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013984 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 84B Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OTOGL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013985 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 18B Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OTOG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014182 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 88 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ELMOD3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014237 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 76 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYNE4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014363 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 101 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRXCR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014428 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 102 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPS8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014469 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 103 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLIC5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014675 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 104 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RIPOR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014739 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 97 Any autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MET gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029142 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 111 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030449 biolink:NamedThing deafness, autosomal recessive 118, with cochlear aplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030480 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 119 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030905 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 117 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032639 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 112 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032732 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 113 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032740 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 100 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032749 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 94 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032761 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 114 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032762 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 115 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032776 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 99 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033198 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 106 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033199 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 107 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033200 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 108 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033201 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 57 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033202 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 109 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033670 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 116 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054860 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal recessive 110 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000913 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spherocytosis type 2 Any hereditary spherocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPTB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019350 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spherocytosis Hereditary spherocytosis is a congenital hemolytic anemia with a wide clinical spectrum (from symptom-free carriers to severe hemolysis) characterized by anemia, variable jaundice, splenomegaly and cholelithiasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008447 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spherocytosis type 1 Any hereditary spherocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ANK1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010053 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spherocytosis type 3 Any hereditary spherocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPTA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012981 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spherocytosis type 4 Any hereditary spherocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC4A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012985 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spherocytosis type 5 Any hereditary spherocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPB42 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000914 biolink:NamedThing cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal dominant, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, type 1 A CADASIL characterized by migraine, strokes, and white matter lesions that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the NOTCH3 gene on chromosome 19p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014768 biolink:NamedThing cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal dominant, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, type 2 Any CADASIL in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HTRA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004414 biolink:NamedThing tamoxifen-related endometrial lesion A spectrum of endometrial abnormalities that occur in women who use tamoxifen to treat or prevent the development of breast cancer. These abnormalities include endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005133 biolink:NamedThing endometriosis The growth of functional endometrial tissue in anatomic sites outside the uterine body. It most often occurs in the pelvic organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006096 biolink:NamedThing atypical endometrial hyperplasia An endometrial hyperplasia characterized by cytologic and architectural changes which may lead to endometrial carcinoma. Despite the atypical features and possible course, there is debate on whether to consider this a neoplasm. The relationship with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia is also unclear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010888 biolink:NamedThing adenomyosis The growth of endometrial tissue inside the muscular wall of the uterine corpus. Clinical manifestations include pain, dysmenorrhea, and menorrhagia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000919 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the ampulla of Vater. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021335 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of duodenum A carcinoma that involves the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021321 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of extrahepatic bile duct A cancer that involves the extrahepatic bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024658 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000955 biolink:NamedThing ileum cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the ileum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001852 biolink:NamedThing small intestine lymphoma A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003361 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the small intestine. Representative examples include leiomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, and Kaposi sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005522 biolink:NamedThing small intestine carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the small intestine DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006709 biolink:NamedThing common bile duct neoplasm Tumor or cancer of the common bile duct including the ampulla of vater and the sphincter of oddi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000923 biolink:NamedThing interstitial emphysema Pathologic accumulation of air in the interstitium of the lungs, which is caused by the rupture of alveoli and terminal bronchioles, and is most often seen in premature infants that need mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004849 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary emphysema A subcategory of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It occurs in people who smoke and suffer from chronic bronchitis. It is characterized by inflation of the alveoli, alveolar wall damage, and reduction in the number of alveoli, resulting in difficulty breathing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000924 biolink:NamedThing compensatory emphysema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000925 biolink:NamedThing hyperlucent lung A lung with reduced markings on its chest radiograph and increased areas of transradiancy (hyperlucency). A hyperlucent lung is usually associated with pulmonary emphysema or pneumothorax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007536 biolink:NamedThing congenital lobar emphysema Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a respiratory abnormality characterized by respiratory distress due to hyperinflation of one or more affected lobes of the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000928 biolink:NamedThing eyelid melanoma A melanoma that arises from the upper or lower eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005012 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous melanoma A primary melanoma arising from atypical melanocytes in the skin. Precursor lesions include acquired and congenital melanocytic nevi, and dysplastic nevi. Several histologic variants have been recognized, including superficial spreading melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, nodular melanoma, and lentigo maligna melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000929 biolink:NamedThing balloon cell malignant melanoma A rare variant of melanoma with a vertical growth phase. It presents as a nodular or polypoid skin lesion. It is characterized by the presence of nodules which contain large melanoma cells with clear, foamy or finely vacuolated cytoplasm. The prognosis is similar to that of other melanomas matched for depth of invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000930 biolink:NamedThing nodular malignant melanoma An aggressive form of melanoma, frequently metastasizing to the lymph nodes. It presents as a papular or nodular raised skin lesion. It comprises approximately 10-15% of melanomas. Morphologically, it often displays an epithelioid appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003865 biolink:NamedThing acral lentiginous melanoma A form of melanoma occurring most often on the plantar, palmar, subungual, and periungual skin. It presents as a pigmented macular lesion with irregular borders. Morphologically, it consists of atypical spindled and dendritic melanocytes. The epidermis is often hyperplastic and there is pagetoid infiltration of the epidermis by anaplastic cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005208 biolink:NamedThing amelanotic skin melanoma A amelanotic melanoma that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020638 biolink:NamedThing superficial spreading melanoma A type of melanoma that typically occurs in light-skinned individuals ranging in age from young adults to the elderly. Risk factors include extensive sun exposure during childhood, a family history of melanoma, and the presence of dysplastic nevi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023619 biolink:NamedThing lentigo maligna melanoma Lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) is a type of skin cancer that usually develops in older, fair-skinnedadults. The average age of diagnosis is65. LMM is thought to be caused by a history of sun exposure to the affected area. Treatment includes surgery to remove as much of the LMM as possible. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044785 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic melanoma A melanoma of the skin characterized by a proliferation of atypical spindled melanocytes in the dermis, in a background of abundant collagen. It usually presents as an amelanotic raised nodular lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006325 biolink:NamedThing ocular melanoma A melanoma that arises from the structures of the eye or ocular adnexa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002096 biolink:NamedThing malignant conjunctival melanoma A malignant melanoma within the conjunctiva of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004550 biolink:NamedThing malignant cornea melanoma A melanoma within the cornea of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004561 biolink:NamedThing retinal melanoma A melanoma affecting the retinal portion of the eye. --2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006326 biolink:NamedThing ocular melanoma with extraocular extension A melanoma arising from and extending beyond the structures of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006486 biolink:NamedThing uveal melanoma A melanoma derived from melanocytes of the uveal tract. It is the most common primary intraocular tumor in the United States and Western Europe. Similar to melanoma of the skin, it is rare in Africa and Asia. Diagnostic procedures include ophthalmoscopic exam, fluorescein angiography and ultrasound. Treatment includes: surgical excision of the eye, iridocyclectomy and tumor resection. Recent treatments also include radiotherapy or photo coagulation. Classification of uveal melanomas recognizes four cell types within these tumors: epithelioid, intermediate, mixed cell, and spindle cell types. The spindle cell type uveal melanomas are further sub-classified as spindle cell type A and spindle cell type B. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021313 biolink:NamedThing eyelid cancer A cancer that involves the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003876 biolink:NamedThing eyelid carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020175 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of palpebral epidermis A cancer that involves the skin of eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000933 biolink:NamedThing subglottis neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the subglottic area of the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002352 biolink:NamedThing larynx cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the larynx. The majority are carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002353 biolink:NamedThing glottis neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the glottic area of the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002354 biolink:NamedThing benign laryngeal neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the larynx. Representative examples include squamous papilloma and hemangioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004427 biolink:NamedThing supraglottis neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the supraglottic area of the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000934 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the larynx. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001572 biolink:NamedThing leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000938 biolink:NamedThing gastric leiomyoma A rare benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the wall of the stomach. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. Unlike gastrointestinal stromal tumors, gastric leiomyomas are by definition negative for CD34 and CD117 (C-KIT). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001399 biolink:NamedThing ureter leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the ureter. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001536 biolink:NamedThing vaginal leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the vagina. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001634 biolink:NamedThing bladder leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the bladder. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002057 biolink:NamedThing breast leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002092 biolink:NamedThing small intestine leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the small intestine. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002222 biolink:NamedThing urethra leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the urethra. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002318 biolink:NamedThing trachea leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the trachea. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002452 biolink:NamedThing prostate leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the prostate. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003284 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the mediastium. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003285 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003287 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of intersecting fascicles composed of spindle cells that often lack mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003288 biolink:NamedThing bizarre leiomyoma A morphologic variant of leiomyoma characterized by the presence of pleomorphic muscle cells with bizarre hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003289 biolink:NamedThing deep leiomyoma A rare benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from deep tissue. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003293 biolink:NamedThing lung leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003294 biolink:NamedThing pericardium leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the pericardium. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003295 biolink:NamedThing leiomyomatosis A condition characterized by the presence of numerous small benign smooth muscle neoplasms located throughout the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003296 biolink:NamedThing cellular leiomyoma A morphologic variant of classic leiomyoma characterized by a dense cellular infiltrate composed of spindle or round cells with scant cytoplasm and a less obvious interlacing fascicle pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003297 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003299 biolink:NamedThing colorectal leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the colorectal area. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004723 biolink:NamedThing liver leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the liver. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004832 biolink:NamedThing esophagus leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the lower part of the esophagus. It is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the esophagus. Dysphagia is a frequent clinical symptom. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006053 biolink:NamedThing renal leiomyoma A leiomyoma that involves the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006312 biolink:NamedThing myofibroma A benign, localized, nodular and well-circumscribed neoplasm usually seen as a congenital neoplasm or in the first year of life. It is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern and is composed of small, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells associated with branching thin-walled vessels and more mature neoplastic spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a collagenous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007886 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the body of the uterus. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021273 biolink:NamedThing leiomyoma of ciliary body A leiomyoma that involves the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022560 biolink:NamedThing benign metastasizing leiomyoma A rare disorder that affects women with a history of uterine leiomyoma, which is found to metastasise within extrauterine sites.The disease develops as a proliferation of multiple nodules composed of smooth muscle cells.The most frequent site of metastasis is the lungs, although other areas may also be affected as well, including some atypical locations, e.g. the heart or spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000935 biolink:NamedThing larynx squamous papilloma A benign exophytic neoplasm that arises from the larynx, usually the true vocal cords. It is related to human papillomavirus infection and may arise as a single or multiple lesions. It is characterized by the presence of a connective tissue core covered by stratified squamous epithelium. Hoarseness is the presenting symptom. Transformation to carcinoma is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021446 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of epiglottis A benign neoplasm that involves the epiglottis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021516 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of glottis A benign neoplasm that involves the glottis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021530 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of subglottis A benign neoplasm that involves the subglottis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023597 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal papillomatosis Laryngeal papillomatosis is a form of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis where tumors (papillomas) grow in the larynx (voice box).Symptoms usually begin with hoarseness and/or a change in the voice.Some people mayexperience difficulty breathing (dyspnea) and/or experience other life-threatening complications if the papillomas block the airway. The tumors may vary in size and grow very quickly. They often grow back even when removed.Laryngeal papillomatosisis caused by two types of human papilloma virus (HPV), called HPV 6 and HPV 11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001825 biolink:NamedThing squamous papilloma A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern and a proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy. Most frequently it arises in the oral cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, esophagus, vagina, and vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001635 biolink:NamedThing bladder squamous papilloma A rare, benign neoplasm of bladder that is composed of papillary cores with overlying histologically benign squamous epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001779 biolink:NamedThing vaginal squamous papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular stalk lined by normal squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of atypia or relation to human papillomavirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003753 biolink:NamedThing nasal vestibule squamous papilloma A benign exophytic squamous cell neoplasm with papillary growth that arises from the nasal vestibule. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004204 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell skin papilloma A squamous papilloma that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004788 biolink:NamedThing cervix squamous papilloma A papilloma that arises from the squamous epithelium of the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004827 biolink:NamedThing esophagus squamous cell papilloma A rare neoplasm arising from the distal third of the esophagus. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of fibrovascular cores covered by mature stratified squamous epithelium. Progression to squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000936 biolink:NamedThing syphilitic meningitis An infectious meningitis caused by infection with Treponema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007000 biolink:NamedThing Treponema infectious disease An disease caused by infection with Treponema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021449 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of stomach A benign neoplasm that involves the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002414 biolink:NamedThing gastric hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021437 biolink:NamedThing lipoma of stomach A lipoma that involves the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004796 biolink:NamedThing infectious meningitis Inflammation of the meninges of the brain and/or spinal cord caused by an infectious agent (viral, bacterial, or fungal). Symptoms include headache, fever, vomiting, neck stiffness, photophobia, confusion, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005874 biolink:NamedThing neuroschistosomiasis Schistosomiasis of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the genus schistosoma (primarily schistosoma japonicum; schistosoma mansoni; and schistosoma haematobium in humans). S. japonicum infections of the nervous system may cause an acute meningoencephalitis or a chronic encephalopathy. S. mansoni and S. haematobium nervous system infections are associated with acute transverse myelitis involving the lower portions of the spinal cord. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp61-2) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006984 biolink:NamedThing subdural empyema An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative process invading the space between the inner surface of the dura mater and the outer surface of the arachnoid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024318 biolink:NamedThing viral infection of central nervous system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000941 biolink:NamedThing eyelid degenerative disorder A neurodegenerative disease that involves the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001008 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis The abnormal narrowness of the palpebral fissure in the horizontal direction caused by the lateral displacement of the medial canthi of the eyelids. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001334 biolink:NamedThing hypertrichosis of eyelid A hypertrichosis (disease) that involves the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001335 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis of eyelid A hypotrichosis that involves the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001519 biolink:NamedThing entropion The turning inward (inversion) of the edge of the eyelid, with the tarsal cartilage turned inward toward the eyeball. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001604 biolink:NamedThing lagophthalmos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001767 biolink:NamedThing stenosis of lacrimal punctum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001768 biolink:NamedThing stenosis of lacrimal passage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002043 biolink:NamedThing ectropion The turning outward (eversion) of the edge of the eyelid, resulting in the exposure of the palpebral conjunctiva. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002235 biolink:NamedThing eyelid neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the eyelid. Representative examples include hemangioma, nevus, and carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002660 biolink:NamedThing blepharochalasis An eyelid disease that is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of eyelid edema, which results in a stretching and subsequent atrophy of the eyelid tissue, leading to the formation of redundant folds over the lid margins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006561 biolink:NamedThing eyelid hypopigmentation Under-production of pigment in the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020153 biolink:NamedThing cryptophthalmia A congenital abnormality characterized by the presence of a continuous layer of skin extending over the eyeballs and the absence of eyelids and the palpebral fissure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020154 biolink:NamedThing microblepharon-ablephara syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020155 biolink:NamedThing eyelid border anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020158 biolink:NamedThing eyelids malposition disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020163 biolink:NamedThing canthal anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020465 biolink:NamedThing congenital eyelid retraction Congenital eyelid retraction is a very rare kinetic eyelid anomaly that can affect the upper or lower eyelid, presents at birth, that in some cases can result in corneal exposure, and that may be associated with accessory levator muscle slips. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021607 biolink:NamedThing eyelid seborrheic keratosis A seborrheic keratosis that involves the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024480 biolink:NamedThing dermatosis of eyelid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001363 biolink:NamedThing blind hypertensive eye DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001377 biolink:NamedThing vitreous syneresis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004885 biolink:NamedThing choroidal sclerosis A neurodegenerative disease that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008972 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 1 A condition that impairs the normal development of many parts of the body. The major features of this disorder include skeletal abnormalities, distinctive facial features, intellectual disability, and respiratory problems. The condition is caused by mutations in the PEX7 gene. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 1 is one of five types of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata. The types have similar features and are distinguished by their genetic cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009319 biolink:NamedThing pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is the most common type of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA), a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction (dystonia, rigidity, choreoathetosis), iron accumulation on the brain and axonal spheroids in the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010063 biolink:NamedThing corneal-cerebellar syndrome A rare, genetic, neurological disorder characterized by the association of slowly progressive spinocerebellar degeneration and corneal dystrophy, manifesting with bilateral corneal opacities (which lead to severe visual impairment), mild intellectual disability, ataxia, gait disturbances, and tremor. Additional manifestations include facial dysmorphism (i.e. triangular face, ptosis, low-set, posteriorly angulated ears, and micrognathia), as well as mild upper motor neuron involvement with hypertonia, lower limb hyperreflexia and extensor plantar responses. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011426 biolink:NamedThing aceruloplasminemia An adult-onset disorder of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) characterized by anemia, retinal degeneration, diabetes and various neurological symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014611 biolink:NamedThing multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 4 Any fatal multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ISCA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017196 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta-retinopathy-seizures-intellectual disability syndrome Osteogenesis imperfecta-retinopathy-seizures-intellectual disability syndrome is characterized by osteogenesis imperfecta, wormian bones, optic atrophy, retinopathy, seizures and severe developmental delay. It has been described in two sibs born to consanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100265 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX5 defect in the PEX7-binding domain Any peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX5 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX7-binding domain of the PEX5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044345 biolink:NamedThing Schistosoma mansoni infectious disease An infection that is caused by Schistosoma mansoni. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022202 biolink:NamedThing disseminated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021136 biolink:NamedThing rare A disease or disorder is defined as rare in Europe when it affects fewer than 1 in 2000. A disease or disorder is defined as rare in the USA when it affects fewer than 200,000 persons at any given time. Here we take the European definition to be consistent with Orphanet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045036 biolink:NamedThing primary infectious A characteristic of an infectious disease in which the disease affects an immunologically normal host. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005623 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune thyroid disease Inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland due to autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid antigen-specific T-cells and thyroid autoantibodies. The clinical signs can range from hypothyroidism to thyrotoxicosis depending on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021127 biolink:NamedThing has a syndromic presentation An characteristic of a disease in which the disease is not manifested as an isolated feature but has multiple distinct features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700062 biolink:NamedThing mosaic A disease characteristic in which the cause of the disease is present in some of the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012268 biolink:NamedThing AIDS A syndrome resulting from the acquired deficiency of cellular immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is characterized by the reduction of the Helper T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the lymph nodes. Symptoms include generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea. Patients with AIDS are especially susceptible to opportunistic infections (usually pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, tuberculosis, candida infections, and cryptococcosis), and the development of malignant neoplasms (usually non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma). The human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, or transfusion of contaminated blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021140 biolink:NamedThing congenital A characteristic of a disease in which the disease is present at birth, regardless of cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005015 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021141 biolink:NamedThing acquired DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001106 biolink:NamedThing kidney failure An acute or chronic condition that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021152 biolink:NamedThing inherited A characteristic of a disease in which the cause of the disease is a genetic problem inherited from either or both parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024495 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade 1 or 2, general grading system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045042 biolink:NamedThing restricted to specific location DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021128 biolink:NamedThing has an isolated presentation An characteristic of a disease in which the disease is manifested as an isolated feature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045035 biolink:NamedThing opportunistic infectious A characteristic of an infectious disease in which the disease affects an immunologically compromised host. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700005 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic A disease characteristic in which the disease has an uncertain or unknown cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001030 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus, stable condition DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007851 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 1 Any keratoconus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VSX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012069 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012158 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012236 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013830 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013831 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013832 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013833 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054771 biolink:NamedThing keratoconus 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000944 biolink:NamedThing cerebral artery occlusion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001277 biolink:NamedThing cerebral arteritis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the cerebral artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003718 biolink:NamedThing occlusion precerebral artery DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004648 biolink:NamedThing vascular dementia A degenerative vascular disorder affecting the brain. It is caused by the blockage of the blood supply to the brain. It is manifested with decline of memory and cognitive functions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005098 biolink:NamedThing stroke disorder A sudden loss of neurological function secondary to hemorrhage or ischemia in the brain parenchyma due to a vascular event. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005189 biolink:NamedThing internal carotid artery stenosis Carotid stenosis is a narrowing or constriction of the inner surface (lumen) of the carotid artery, usually caused by atherosclerosis. The internal carotid artery supplies the brain. Plaque often builds up at that division, and causes a narrowing (stenosis). Pieces of plaque can break off and block the small arteries above in the brain, which causes a stroke. Plaque can also build up at the origin of the carotid artery at the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005269 biolink:NamedThing carotid artery disorder A disease involving the carotid artery segment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005394 biolink:NamedThing brain infarction Tissue necrosis in any area of the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, the cerebellum, and the brain stem. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by hypoxia and hypoglycemia in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005620 biolink:NamedThing cerebral amyloid angiopathy Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA) describes a group of rare familial central nervous system disorders characterized by amyloid deposition in the cerebral blood vessels leading to hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic strokes, focal neurological deficits, and progressive cognitive decline eventually leading to dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005621 biolink:NamedThing vascular brain injury Damage to the blood vessels of the brain DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006505 biolink:NamedThing basal ganglia cerebrovascular disorder A pathological condition caused by impaired blood flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres (basal ganglia), such as infarction; hemorrhage; or ischemia in vessels of this brain region including the lateral lenticulostriate arteries. Primary clinical manifestations include involuntary movements (dyskinesias) and muscle weakness (hemiparesis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006808 biolink:NamedThing intracranial arterial disease Pathological conditions involving arteries in the skull, such as arteries supplying the cerebrum, the cerebellum, the brain stem, and associated structures. They include atherosclerotic, congenital, traumatic, infectious, inflammatory, and other pathological processes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006809 biolink:NamedThing intracranial embolism Blocking of a blood vessel in the skull by an embolus which can be a blood clot (thrombus) or other undissolved material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin and are associated with heart diseases. Other non-cardiac sources of emboli are usually associated with vascular diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006812 biolink:NamedThing intracranial vasospasm Constriction of arteries in the skull due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and brain ischemia that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (hypoxia-ischemia, brain). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009468 biolink:NamedThing pseudotumor cerebri Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a neurological disorder characterized by isolated increased intracranial pressure manifesting with recurrent and persistent headaches, nausea, vomiting, progressive and transient obstruction of the visual field, papilledema. Visual loss can be irreversible. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013792 biolink:NamedThing intracerebral hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both cerebral hemispheres including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex. It is often associated with hypertension and craniocerebral trauma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017993 biolink:NamedThing cerebral sinovenous thrombosis A rare but serious cerebrovascular disorder involving thrombosis of the cerebral venous system. It affects children from the newborn period through childhood and adolescence. In childhood CSVT, acute infections of the head and neck such as mastoiditis are most common, followed by chronic underlying diseases such as nephrotic syndrome, cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. Signs and symptoms are also age related. Seizures and altered mental status are the commonest manifestations in newborns. Headache, vomiting, and lethargy, sometimes with 6th nerve palsy, are the most common symptoms in children and adolescents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018786 biolink:NamedThing pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy with leukoencephalopathy A rare genetic cerebral small vessel disease characterized by recurrent ischemic strokes, often with a predilection for the pons, with typical onset in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Patients present progressive cognitive and motor impairment with pyramidal, bulbar, and cerebellar symptoms, among others. Brain imaging shows multiple lacunar infarcts, typically with involvement of the pons, as well as variable leukoencephalopathy of the cerebral hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018788 biolink:NamedThing COL4A1 or COL4A2-related cerebral small vessel disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018791 biolink:NamedThing Moyomoya angiopathy A rare cerebral vasculopathy characterized by a progressive stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid arteries and the development of abnormal collateral vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018831 biolink:NamedThing HTRA1-related cerebral small vessel disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035551 biolink:NamedThing cathepsin a-related arteriopathy-strokes-leukoencephalopathy A rare genetic cerebral small vessel disease characterized by an adult-onset primary microangiopathy with severe atherosclerosis of arterioles and secondary leukoencephalopathy. Patients may present with migraine, transient ischemic attacks, stroke with central facial palsy, cognitive dysfunction with impaired concentration, dementia, depression, movement disorder, vertigo, dysphagia, dysarthria, sicca syndrome, impaired REM sleep, and therapy-resistant hypertension, among others. Brain MRI typically shows a leukoencephalopathy that is disproportionately severe and extensive compared to the clinical disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020673 biolink:NamedThing arterial occlusion Complete closure of the normally patent lumen of the blood vessels which carry blood away from the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001258 biolink:NamedThing vertebral artery occlusion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001633 biolink:NamedThing central retinal artery occlusion Blockage of the central retinal artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001733 biolink:NamedThing occlusion of tributary of retinal vein DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002303 biolink:NamedThing central retinal vein occlusion Blockage of the central retinal vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002996 biolink:NamedThing cavernous sinus meningioma A meningioma that affects the cavernous sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003032 biolink:NamedThing superior vena cava angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the superior vena cava. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004206 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary vein leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the pulmonary vein. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004625 biolink:NamedThing phlebitis Inflammation of a vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008638 biolink:NamedThing varicose disease A vascular disease characterized by the presence of enlarged and tortuous veins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015196 biolink:NamedThing vein of Galen aneurysm Vein of Galen aneurysm is a rare formof arteriovenous malformation in which the embryonic precursor to the vein of Galen, a vein at the base of the brain, dilates causing too much blood to rush to the heart. This can lead to rapid heart failure. Other features may include increased head circumference resulting from hydrocephalus, unusually prominent veins on the face and scalp, developmental delay, persistent headache, and other neurological findings. Vein of Galen aneurysm is often recognized on an ultrasound late in pregnancy. In other cases, it is diagnosed after birth. Although the exact cause remains unknown, this condition appears to result from a defect in early fetal development. Treatment is aimed at decreasing the blood flow through the malformation while maximizing the blood supply to the brain. Minimally invasive surgical techniques are preferred, such as endovascular embolization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001298 biolink:NamedThing congenital mitral valve insufficiency Dysfunction of the mitral valve characterized by incomplete valve closure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001613 biolink:NamedThing vertebrobasilar insufficiency Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supplies the brain stem; cerebellum; occipital lobe; medial temporal lobe; and thalamus. Characteristic clinical features include syncope; lightheadedness; visual disturbances; and vertigo. brain stem infarctions or other brain infarction may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002870 biolink:NamedThing tricuspid valve insufficiency The backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium, owning to imperfect functioning/insufficiency of the tricuspid valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004622 biolink:NamedThing chronic intestinal vascular insufficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005648 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve insufficiency Dysfunction of the aortic valve characterized by incomplete valve closure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006978 biolink:NamedThing splenic infarction Insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply to the spleen due to emboli, thrombi, vascular torsion, or pressure that produces a macroscopic area of necrosis. (From Stedman, 25th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021723 biolink:NamedThing vaginismus Tightness of the vaginal wall during vaginal penetration including sexual intercourse. It is caused by involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles, and results in painful intercourse or failure to have intercourse. It may due to psychological conditions, trauma in the vaginal area, or vaginal infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001132 biolink:NamedThing sexual sadism disorder A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving acts (real, not simulated) in which the psychological or physical suffering of a victim is sexually exciting to the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001139 biolink:NamedThing sexual masochism disorder A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving the act (real, not simulated) of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001780 biolink:NamedThing premature ejaculation A disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent ejaculation before or after penetration and before the person wishes it. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001423 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced mental disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003265 biolink:NamedThing adjustment disorder A category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by emotional or behavioral symptoms that develop within 3 months of a stressor and do not persist for more than an additional 6 months after the stressor is no longer present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005371 biolink:NamedThing mood disorder A cognitive disorder a disturbance in which the person's mood is hypothesized to be the main underlying feature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005485 biolink:NamedThing psychotic disorder An abnormal condition of the mind that involves a loss of contact with reality. People experiencing psychosis may exhibit personality changes and thought disorder. Depending on its severity, this may be accompanied by unusual or bizarre behavior, as well as difficulty with social interaction and impairment in carrying out daily life activities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005618 biolink:NamedThing anxiety disorder A category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by anxious feelings or fear often accompanied by physical symptoms associated with anxiety. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800106 biolink:NamedThing disruptive behavior disorder A mental disorder that includes conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Features may include frequent aggression, deceitfulness, and defiance, and often persist through the lifespan. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000948 biolink:NamedThing xerophthalmia Dryness of the eye due to inadequate production of tears. Causes include vitamin A deficiency, Sjogren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000949 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001174 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival vascular disorder A disorder of the vasculature of the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001331 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival deposit DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001534 biolink:NamedThing ocular hyperemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002931 biolink:NamedThing conjunctivochalasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020203 biolink:NamedThing pigmented conjunctival lesion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020204 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the conjunctiva. Representative examples include papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000951 biolink:NamedThing thymus lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the thymus. Representative examples include mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006451 biolink:NamedThing thymic carcinoma Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a type of thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by a high malignant potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004021 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal malignant lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the mediastinum. Representative examples include mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004020 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal gray zone lymphoma A mediastinal lymphoma with molecular, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical features of both mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. The identification of this group of lymphomas, along with recent gene expression profiling results (PDL2 gene expression in both mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma tissues and Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines), further supports the hypothesis that mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphomas and classical Hodgkin lymphomas are related entities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000952 biolink:NamedThing cancer of long bone of lower limb A cancer that involves the hindlimb long bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024312 biolink:NamedThing cancer of short bone of upper limb DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100085 biolink:NamedThing cancer of long bone of upper limb A cancer that involves the upper limb long bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000954 biolink:NamedThing Meckel diverticulum cancer A cancer involving a Meckel's diverticulum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021082 biolink:NamedThing Meckel diverticulum neoplasm A neoplasm involving a Meckel's diverticulum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006801 biolink:NamedThing ileal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the wall of the ileum. Representative examples include adenoma, carcinoma, and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004251 biolink:NamedThing small intestine neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the small intestine. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include lipoma and leiomyoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002564 biolink:NamedThing jejunal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the wall of the jejunum. Representative examples include adenoma, carcinoma, and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006419 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal intraepithelial neoplasia A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the small intestine. It is characterized by low or high grade dysplasia of the mucosal epithelium. There is no evidence of invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018506 biolink:NamedThing mesenchymal tumor of small intestine DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018510 biolink:NamedThing small intestine neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the small intestine. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021501 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of small intestine A benign neoplasm that involves the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000957 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal passage granuloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001766 biolink:NamedThing eversion of lacrimal punctum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001793 biolink:NamedThing excessive tearing Profuse lacrimation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001851 biolink:NamedThing primary lacrimal atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002124 biolink:NamedThing secondary lacrimal atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002460 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal system cancer A cancer that involves the lacrimal apparatus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002511 biolink:NamedThing stenosis of lacrimal sac DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019191 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialoadenitis (Mikulicz disease) is an IgG4-related sclerosing disease characterized by persistent, usually painless, bilateral enlargement of the lacrimal, parotid, and submandibular glands associated with elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 and with lymphocyte and IgG4-positive plasmacyte infiltration. It predominantly causes mouth and eye dryness but can also affect other organs such as the lungs, liver, and kidneys, and be accompanied by complications such as autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), retroperitoneal fibrosis, and tubulointerstitial nephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020193 biolink:NamedThing secretory apparatus of the lacrimal system anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020195 biolink:NamedThing excretory apparatus of the lacrimal system anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020196 biolink:NamedThing anomaly of the secretory and excretory apparatus of the lacrimal system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024625 biolink:NamedThing disorder of lacrimal gland A disease that involves the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044984 biolink:NamedThing nasolacrimal duct disorder A disease or disorder that involves the nasolacrimal duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000958 biolink:NamedThing neuroretinitis Neuroretinitis is an inflammation of the neural retina and optic nerve. Pathology: Direct invasion or autoimmune activation against the optic nerve may cause optic nerve vascular inflammation with secondary inflammation and edema in the nerve fiber layer of the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002121 biolink:NamedThing mononeuritis simplex Neuritis of a single nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003607 biolink:NamedThing neuritis of upper limb A neuritis that involves the forelimb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004004 biolink:NamedThing motor nerve neuritis Inflammation of the peripheral motor nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006008 biolink:NamedThing vestibular neuronitis Idiopathic inflammation of the vestibular nerve, characterized clinically by the acute or subacute onset of vertigo; nausea; and imbalance. The cochlear nerve is typically spared and hearing loss and tinnitus do not usually occur. Symptoms usually resolve over a period of days to weeks. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p304) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006682 biolink:NamedThing brachial plexus neuritis An inflammatory process affecting the brachial plexus. It results in severe pain in the upper extremity and shoulder, upper arm weakness and loss of sensation in the upper arm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021718 biolink:NamedThing polyneuritis Inflammation of several peripheral nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003579 biolink:NamedThing retinal nerve fibre layer disorder A disease that involves the nerve fiber layer of retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000959 biolink:NamedThing malignant hypertensive renal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006846 biolink:NamedThing malignant hypertension Severe hypertension that is characterized by rapid onset of extremely high blood pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001133 biolink:NamedThing malignant essential hypertension Essential hypertension with rapid progression to severe high blood pressure, papilledema, and renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001784 biolink:NamedThing malignant renovascular hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001785 biolink:NamedThing malignant secondary hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005081 biolink:NamedThing preeclampsia Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that is characterized by new-onset hypertension with proteinuria presenting after 20 weeks of gestation, and depending on mild or severe forms may initially present with severe headache, visual disturbances, and hyperreflexia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007080 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism Familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH-I) is a rare heritable, glucocorticoid remediable form of primary aldosteronism (PA) characterized by early-onset hypertension, hyperaldosteronism, variable hypokalemia, low plasma renin activity (PRA), and abnormal production of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008071 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant progressive nephropathy with hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011309 biolink:NamedThing familial gestational hyperthyroidism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011517 biolink:NamedThing pseudohyperaldosteronism type 2 Hypertension due to gain-of-function mutations in the mineralocorticoid receptor is a rare genetic hypertension characterized by a familial severe hypertension with an onset before age 20 years, associated with suppressed plasma renin and low aldosterone levels in the presence of low or normal levels of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone, that is highly resistant to antihypertensive medication. During pregnancy, there is a marked exacerbation of hypertension, accompanied by low serum potassium levels and undetectable aldosterone levels, but without signs of preeclampsia, requiring early delivery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012203 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperthyroidism due to mutations in TSH receptor Familial non-autoimmune autosomal dominant hyperthyroidism (FNAH) is a rare hyperthyroidism characterized by mild to severe hyperthyroidism, presence of goiter, absence of features of autoimmunity, frequent relapses while on treatment and a positive family history. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017148 biolink:NamedThing heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) is a form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), occurring due to mutations in PAH predisposing genes or in a familial context. HPAH is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial resistance leading to right heart failure. HPAH is progressive and potentially fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019162 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 A rare inherited form of hypertension characterized by hyperkalemia, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, normal or elevated aldosterone, low renin, and normal renal function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001304 biolink:NamedThing benign hypertensive renal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000960 biolink:NamedThing diabetic peripheral angiopathy Diabetic angiopathy is a form of angiopathy associated with diabetic complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001576 biolink:NamedThing telangiectasis Local dilatation of small vessels resulting in red discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004745 biolink:NamedThing priapism Persistent and usually painful erection that lasts for at least four hours in the absence of physical or psychological stimulation, which can be caused by hematologic disorders, including sickle cell disease and leukemia, spinal cord injuries, and medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005295 biolink:NamedThing intermittent vascular claudication A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness in skeletal muscle group associated with exercise, such as leg pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial stenosis; muscle ischemia; and accumulation of lactate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005386 biolink:NamedThing peripheral arterial disease A disorder of the arteries supplying the upper and lower extremity and the visceral organs. This includes the mesenteric arteries, the renal arteries and the aorta and excludes cerebrovascular arterial disease. Patients experience cramping and pain usually in the calves and thighs while walking. The symptoms subside with rest. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006855 biolink:NamedThing mesenteric vascular occlusion Obstruction of the flow in the splanchnic circulation by atherosclerosis; embolism; thrombosis; stenosis; trauma; and compression or intrinsic pressure from adjacent tumors. Rare causes are drugs, intestinal parasites, and vascular immunoinflammatory diseases such as periarteritis nodosa and thromboangiitis obliterans. (From Juergens et al., Peripheral Vascular Diseases, 5th ed, pp295-6) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008889 biolink:NamedThing thromboangiitis obliterans Buerger disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), is a rare inflammatory non-necrotizing vascular disease affecting the small- and medium-sized arteries and veins of the upper and lower extremities characterized by endarteritis and vaso-occlusion due to occlusive thrombus development. The development and progression of the disease is consistently associated with exposure to tobacco. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016028 biolink:NamedThing erythromelalgia A rare neurovascular peripheral pain disorder due to the intermittent blockage of the blood vessels, usually in the lower extremities or hands. This causes hyperemia and inflammation at the origin of burning pain and skin redness. The attacks are periodic and are commonly triggered by heat, pressure, mild activity, exertion, insomnia or stress. Erythromelalgia may occur either as a primary or secondary disorder. Primary erythromelalgia is caused by gene mutations. Secondary erythromelalgia can result from small fiber peripheral neuropathy of any cause, essential thrombocytemia, hypercholesterolemia, mushroom or mercury poisoning, and some autoimmune disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043361 biolink:NamedThing May-Thurner syndrome A compression of ILIAC VEIN that results in a decreased flow in the vein and in the left LOWER EXTREMITY due to a vascular malformation. It may result in left leg EDEMA, pain, iliofemoral DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS and POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME. Compression of the left common ILIAC VEIN by the right common ILIAC ARTERY against the underlying fifth LUMBAR VERTEBRA is the typical underlying malformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044037 biolink:NamedThing livedo reticularis A condition characterized by a reticular or fishnet pattern on the skin of lower extremities and other parts of the body. This red and blue pattern is due to deoxygenated blood in unstable dermal blood vessels. The condition is intensified by cold exposure and relieved by rewarming. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000961 biolink:NamedThing endobronchial lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm located within the lumen of a bronchus. It is predominantly found in males and usually originates within the fatty tissue between bronchial cartilage. May cause irreversible pulmonary damage distally. Two-thirds of the tumors occur on the right side and most are located on the first three subdivisions of the tracheobronchial tree. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021457 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of pleura A benign neoplasm that involves the pleura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021461 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of hypopharynx A benign neoplasm that involves the hypopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021475 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of nasal cavity A benign neoplasm that involves the nasal cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021478 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of nasopharynx A benign neoplasm that involves the nasopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021479 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of oropharynx A benign neoplasm that involves the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021513 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of tonsil A benign neoplasm that involves the tonsil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021517 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of trachea A benign neoplasm that involves the trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002807 biolink:NamedThing bronchial neoplasm Tumors or cancer of the bronchi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001672 biolink:NamedThing bronchus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the bronchus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003427 biolink:NamedThing bronchus adenoma A benign lung neoplasm characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular stroma lined by cuboidal to columnar cells. Patients are usually asymptomatic and it is incidentally discovered as a pulmonary nodule during chest X-ray examination. Surgical excision is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003944 biolink:NamedThing endobronchial leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising endobronchially. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019963 biolink:NamedThing bronchial endocrine tumor A neuroendocrine neoplasm that involves the bronchus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005106 biolink:NamedThing lipoma A benign, usually painless, well-circumscribed lipomatous tumor composed of adipose tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000962 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell lipoma A benign circumscribed tumor composed of spindled cells, adipocytes, and collagen bundles. There is no evidence of nuclear hyperchromasia or mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000963 biolink:NamedThing esophageal lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the esophagus. Clinical presentation includes obstruction, dysphagia, regurgitation, vomiting and reflux. It may be associated with aspiration and consecutive respiratory infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000965 biolink:NamedThing liver lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000966 biolink:NamedThing pleomorphic lipoma A benign circumscribed tumor characterized by small spindle cells, rounded hyperchromatic cells and multinucleated giant cells with radially arranged nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000967 biolink:NamedThing conventional lipoma A benign well-circumscribed tumor, composed of lobules of mature adipocytes, that arises within subcutaneous tissue, deep soft tissues or on the surface of bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000968 biolink:NamedThing kidney lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the kidney. It predominantly affects middle-aged females. It may originate from renal parenchymal fat or fat cells within the renal capsule. Clinical presentation includes hematuria and pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000969 biolink:NamedThing pleural lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the pleural cavity. It may be purely intra-thoracic or extend to the chest wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000970 biolink:NamedThing breast lipoma A benign, mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is surrounded by a thin capsule and composed of mature adipose tissue cells. Atypia is absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000971 biolink:NamedThing chest wall lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the chest wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000972 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm involving the gallbladder wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000973 biolink:NamedThing external ear lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the external ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000974 biolink:NamedThing axillary lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the axilla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000977 biolink:NamedThing chondroid lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm characterized by nests and cord of abundant univacuolated and multivacuolated lipoblasts and mature adipocytes in a prominent myxoid to hyalinized chondroid matrix admix. It predominantly affects females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002163 biolink:NamedThing thymus lipoma A well-circumscribed tumor of the thymus composed of islands of normal thymic parenchyma and mature adipose tissue. It is not clear if thymolipoma is a neoplastic or non-neoplastic lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003841 biolink:NamedThing heart lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the heart usually originating in the epicardial or pericardial fatty tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003844 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the central nervous system frequently found in midline locations such as the corpus callosum, the quadrigeminal plate, the hypothalamus, the spinal canal or the cauda equina. Some contain Schwann cells, bone, cartilage or hamartomatous blood vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003885 biolink:NamedThing colorectal lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm arising from the wall of the colon and rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003984 biolink:NamedThing internal auditory canal lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the internal auditory canal, often presenting as an acoustic tumor. It may be intermixed with the vestibulocochlear nerve and may adhere to adjacent structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004075 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating lipoma A benign tumor, composed of lobules of mature adipocytes, that penetrates the surrounding tissue from which it arises. There is usually a higher local recurrence rate when compared with non-infiltrating lipomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004076 biolink:NamedThing tendon sheath lipoma A benign tumor, composed of mature adipocytes, that arises within the tendon sheath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006085 biolink:NamedThing angiolipoma A lipoma with prominent vascularity. The vascular tissue is more abundant at the periphery of the tumor and contains fibrin thrombi. It occurs more frequently in younger individuals as a painful subcutaneous nodule, often on the arms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007909 biolink:NamedThing familial multiple lipomatosis Familial multiple lipomatosis is a rare, benign, genetic skin disease characterized by numerous, painless, encapsulated lipomas located in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the trunk and extremities, with relative sparing of the neck and shoulders. Association with gastroduodenal lipomatosis, brain anomalies or lipomatosis, and refractory epilepsy has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021168 biolink:NamedThing hibernoma A rare benign slow growing adipose tissue tumor, characterized by the presence of polygonal brown fat cells with multivacuolated and/or granular cytoplasm. The tumor is usually painless and is most often seen in young adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021630 biolink:NamedThing lipoma of face A lipoma that involves the face. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044885 biolink:NamedThing tonsillar lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the tonsils. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001783 biolink:NamedThing endometrial stromal nodule A non-infiltrating, benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells that resemble the cells of the proliferative phase of endometrial stroma and numerous thin-walled small vessels. It usually presents with abnormal uterine bleeding and menorrhagia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004482 biolink:NamedThing fibroosseous pseudotumor of the digits A non-neoplastic soft tissue disorder characterized by the localized formation of reactive fibrous and bone tissues. It usually occurs in the subcutaneous tissue of the proximal phalanx. Less frequently, it involves the toe. It presents with swelling and pain of the affected area. The prognosis is excellent. However, incomplete excision may lead to the re-growth of the lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006086 biolink:NamedThing angiomyxoma A benign soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle and stellate cells, and vascular proliferation in a myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016611 biolink:NamedThing lipoblastoma A lipoma usually occurring in the extremities of young children (usually boys). It is characterized by lobules of adipose tissue, separated by fibrous septa. The adipose tissue is composed of mature adipocytes and lipoblasts. The lipoblasts may be scarce, depending on the age of the patient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020581 biolink:NamedThing benign PEComa A tumor with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation characterized by the absence of pleomorphism and scarcity or absence of mitotic figures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024715 biolink:NamedThing benign synovial neoplasm A benign neoplasm arising from the synovial membrane. Examples include the diffuse giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and localized giant cell tumor of tendon sheath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044784 biolink:NamedThing myxoma A benign soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and stellate cells, lobulated growth pattern, and myxoid stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006427 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell melanoma A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044796 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell nevus A nevus characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002404 biolink:NamedThing liver hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003062 biolink:NamedThing intestinal benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that involves the intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003455 biolink:NamedThing bile duct papillary neoplasm A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008401 biolink:NamedThing pleomorphic adenoma A neoplasm characterized by the presence of benign epithelial and myoepithelial cells and a mesenchymal component that may contain mucoid, myxoid, cartilaginous, or osseous areas. It may be completely or partially encapsulated. It occurs in the parotid gland, submandibular gland, minor salivary glands in the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, and nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. It usually presents as a slow growing painless mass. Infrequently, patients may present with pain and facial palsy. It may recur after excision or transform to a malignant neoplasm (carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021470 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of pancreas A benign neoplasm that involves the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021503 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of gallbladder A benign neoplasm that involves the gall bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006104 biolink:NamedThing benign carotid body paraganglioma A carotid body paraganglioma that is confined to the site of origin, without metastatic potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006107 biolink:NamedThing benign thyroid gland neoplasm A benign neoplasm arising from the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016723 biolink:NamedThing pineocytoma Pineocytoma is the least aggressive form of pineal parenchymal tumors, manifesting with symptoms such as Parinaud's syndrome (a group of eye movement abnormalities and pupil dysfunction, including deficiency in upward-gaze and convergence-retraction nystagmus), headaches, balance impairment, urinary incontinence, and changes in mood and that are not known to disseminate in a diffuse manner. They are usually associated with a good prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021463 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of parathyroid gland A benign neoplasm that involves the parathyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021511 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of adrenal gland A benign neoplasm that involves the adrenal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021512 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of thymus A benign neoplasm that involves the thymus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002605 biolink:NamedThing hepatic angiomyolipoma An angiomyolipoma arising from the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002691 biolink:NamedThing liver cancer An epithelial or non-epithelial malignant neoplasm that arises from the liver. Representative examples include hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004705 biolink:NamedThing liver solitary fibrous tumor A solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the liver. It affects females more frequently than males. Signs and symptoms include the presence of an abdominal mass and abdominal discomfort. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004726 biolink:NamedThing liver inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor A multinodular intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the liver. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005304 biolink:NamedThing biliary tract neoplasm A neoplasm that involves the biliary tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006241 biolink:NamedThing hepatic granuloma A granuloma located in the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015049 biolink:NamedThing solitary necrotic nodule of the liver Solitary necrotic tumor of the liver is a rare nonmalignant hepatic lesion characterized by a mass with a completely necrotic core often partially calcified, surrounded by a dense hyalinized fibrous capsule containing elastin fibers. Patients are usually asymptomatic but some may suffer from intermittent abdominal pain or discomfort. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015795 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver Embryonal sarcoma of the liver is a rare primary malignant hepatic neoplasm of childhood of mesenchymal origin. It can rarely occur in adults. It is characterized by abdominal mass, right upper quadrant or epigastric pain, nausea, anorexia, intermittent fever or headache. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018308 biolink:NamedThing liver mesenchymal hamartoma A multicystic, tumor-like hamartomatous lesion that arises from the liver during fetal development. Clinically, it usually presents as an abdominal mass associated with abdominal distention. Following resection, the prognosis is usually good. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018533 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract Undifferentiated carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract is an extremely rare epithelial tumor of the liver and biliary tract which presents heterogenous histological findings and not yet fully defined clinicopathological characterisitcs. Patients usually present with nonspecific signs and symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss and/or jaundice. Invasive growth, hight metastatic potential and a rapid clinical course are typically associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019528 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is a rare benign tumor-like lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035312 biolink:NamedThing fibrohistiocytic inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver A subtype of inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver characterized by a benign, well-circumscribed tumor with fibrohistiocytic infiltration (including xanthogranulomatous inflammation, multinucleated giant cells, and neutrophilic infiltration), typically localized in the peripheral hepatic parenchyma. Presentation may be of non-specific symptoms (fever, malaise, and abdominal pain) or as an incidental finding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035313 biolink:NamedThing lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver A subtype of inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver characterized by a benign, well-circumscribed tumor with diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with histological features of IgG4-related disease (numerous IgG4-positive plasma cells, prominent eosinophils, stromal fibrosis, fibroblastic proliferations and, frequently, obliterative phlebitis), and that is likely located around the hepatic hilum. Most often it is discovered as an incidental finding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035447 biolink:NamedThing liver adenomatosis A rare neoplastic disease characterized by the presence of ten or more hepatocellular adenomas in a background of normal appearing hepatic parenchyma. The majority of reported cases are female. There is no association with steroid use. The condition is considered benign, although the risk of complications (such as malignant transformation or spontaneous rupture with intraperitoneal hemorrhage) is much higher than in isolated hepatic adenoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma develops in less than 10% of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002385 biolink:NamedThing benign cystic nephroma A benign encapsulated neoplasm of the kidney, characterized by the presence of cysts separated by septa. There are no solid areas present. The septa are lined by one layer of epithelial cells that have eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm. The cystic spaces contain serous or hemorrhagic fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002396 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic adenofibroma A benign, solitary, and partially cystic neoplasm arising from the kidney. It occurs in children and adults. Presenting symptoms include hematuria and polycythemia. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial nodules embedded in a stroma containing spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003825 biolink:NamedThing kidney oncocytoma A benign tumor of the kidney, characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The majority of these tumors are discovered incidentally, during work-up of other conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004191 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic adenoma So-called nephrogenic adenoma is a distinct metaplastic lesion of the urothelium characterized by aggregates of cuboidal or hobnail cells. These cells line thin papillary fronds on the surface or form tubular structures within the lamina propria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004555 biolink:NamedThing kidney angiomyolipoma An angiomyolipoma arising from the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018738 biolink:NamedThing benign metanephric tumour A benign neoplasm that involves the metanephros. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021467 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of renal pelvis A benign neoplasm that involves the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024889 biolink:NamedThing benign mesonephroma A benign epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024326 biolink:NamedThing pleural adenomatoid tumor A rare benign neoplasm that arises from the mesothelial cells of the pleura. It is characterized by a proliferation of epithelioid cells forming glandular and tubular patterns in a fibrous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001011 biolink:NamedThing breast cyst A cystic lesion located in breast tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002055 biolink:NamedThing benign eccrine breast spiradenoma A very rare, benign sweat gland neoplasm that affects the breast. It is characterized by the proliferation of basaloid epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002056 biolink:NamedThing breast fibroadenoma A benign tumor of the breast characterized by the presence of stromal and epithelial elements. It presents as a painless, solitary, slow growing, firm, and mobile mass. It is the most common benign breast lesion. It usually occurs in women of childbearing age. The majority of fibroadenomas do not recur after complete excision. A slightly increased risk of developing cancer within fibroadenomas or in the breast tissue of patients previously treated for fibroadenomas has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002062 biolink:NamedThing breast myofibroblastoma A myofibroblastoma occurring in the breast of both women and men. It presents as a slowly growing mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002063 biolink:NamedThing breast papillomatosis A benign breast neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of multiple papillomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002065 biolink:NamedThing benign breast adenomyoepithelioma A benign, nodular tumor that arises from the breast parenchyma. It is characterized by the proliferation of myoepithelial cells around spaces that are lined by epithelial cells. Occasionally, adenomyoepitheliomas may undergo malignant transformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014249 biolink:NamedThing multiple fibroadenoma of the breast Mammary polyadenomatosis is characterised by the presence in both breasts of multiple voluminous fibroadenomas with heterogeneous echo patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015871 biolink:NamedThing benign breast phyllodes tumor A usually unilateral, benign and well circumscribed biphasic neoplasm that arises from the breast. It usually affects middle-aged women. It is characterized by the presence of a double layer of epithelial cells that are arranged in clefts, surrounded by a cellular, monomorphic spindle cell mesenchymal component. Mitoses are rare. Necrotic changes may be present in large tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015872 biolink:NamedThing giant adenofibroma of the breast Giant adenofibroma of the breast is a rare, benign, fibroepithelial tumor which usually manifests as a unilateral, painless, firm, mobile, slow-growing mass in the breast that measures more than 5 cm. It can be associated with significant asymmetry and/or deformity of the breast and hormonal changes (e.g. puberty, pregnancy, oral contraceptives) can lead to its marked enlargement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021097 biolink:NamedThing intraductal breast papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm that arises anywhere in the ductal system of the breast. It is characterized by fibrovascular structures lined by benign epithelial and myoepithelial proliferations. Intraductal breast papillomas are classified as central, when they arise in large ducts, or peripheral, when they arise in the terminal ductal lobular units. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021528 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of male breast A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the breast parenchyma in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022972 biolink:NamedThing diabetic mastopathy Diabetic mastopathy are noncancerous lesions in the breast most commonly diagnosed in premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes. The cause of this condition is unknown. Symptoms may include hard, irregular, easily movable, discrete, painless breast mass(es). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003364 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the gallbladder. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007888 biolink:NamedThing hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is a hereditary cancer syndrome characterized by a predisposition to cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas and, in some families, to renal cell cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008583 biolink:NamedThing inherited torticollis A congenital benign lesion that occurs in the distal sternocleidomastoid muscle of infants. It is characterized by the presence of plump spindle cells, and collagenous stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011934 biolink:NamedThing dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare infiltrating soft tissue sarcoma, generally of low grade malignancy, arising from the dermis of the skin and characteristically associated with a specific chromosomal translocation t(17;22). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018933 biolink:NamedThing Mazabraud syndrome Mazabraud syndrome is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by the association of fibrous dysplasia with intramuscular myxomas. Fibrous dysplasia (usually polyostotic, sometimes monostotic) occurs during the growth period and can be asymptomatic or can present with pain, skeletal deformities or fractures while intramuscular myxoma, associated with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia is usually multifocal, typically occuring in the vicinity of skeletal lesions, and presents in adulthood as a painless soft-tissue mass (most commonly in the thigh). Although it is a benign condition, local recurrences of myxomas after incomplete excision and malignant transformation of a fibrous dysplastic lesion into osteogenic sarcoma have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007660 biolink:NamedThing familial ossifying fibroma An instance of ossifying fibroma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008429 biolink:NamedThing Singleton-Merten dysplasia Singleton-Merten dysplasia is characterized by dental dysplasia, progressive calcification of the thoracic aorta with stenosis, osteoporosis and expansion of the marrow cavities in hand bones. Additional features included generalized muscle weakness and atrophy, and chronic psoriasiform skin eruptions. It has been reported in four unrelated patients (male and female) and in a family with multiple affected members (male). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009842 biolink:NamedThing Pelger-Huet-like anomaly and episodic fever with abdominal pain An autoinflammatory disease with defective neutrophil function caused by a homozygous Arg219His mutation in the transcription factor C/EBPε. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011431 biolink:NamedThing MASS syndrome A genetic disorder of connective tissue caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene. Connective tissue is the material between the cells of the body that gives tissues form and strength. Symptoms include mitral valve prolapse, nearsightedness, borderline and non-progressive aortic enlargement, and skin and skeletal findings that overlap with those seen in Marfan syndrome. Treatment is based on the individuals symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011462 biolink:NamedThing pyogenic arthritis-pyoderma gangrenosum-acne syndrome A rare pleiotropic autoinflammatory disorder of childhood, primarily affecting the joints and skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011939 biolink:NamedThing Spondyloenchondrodysplasia with immune dysregulation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012316 biolink:NamedThing Majeed syndrome Majeed syndrome is a rare genetic multisystemic disorder characterized by the triad of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, and variable transient inflammatory dermatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012892 biolink:NamedThing bone fragility with contractures, arterial rupture, and deafness A rare, genetic disease, caused by lack of lysyl hydrohylase 3 (LH3) activity, characterized by multiple tissue and organ involvement, including skeletal abnormalities (club foot, progressive scoliosis, osteopenia, pathologic fractures), ocular involvement (flat retinae, myopia, cataracts) and hair, nail and skin anomalies (coarse, abnormally distributed hair, skin blistering, reduced palmar creases, hypoplastic nails). Patients also present intrauterine growth retardation, facial dysmorphism (flat facial profile, low-set ears, shallow orbits, short and upturned nose, downturned corners of mouth) and joint flexion contractures. Growth and developmental delay, bilateral sensorineural deafness, friable diaphragm and later-onset spontaneous vascular ruptures are additional reported features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013021 biolink:NamedThing sterile multifocal osteomyelitis with periostitis and pustulosis An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the IL1RN gene, which encodes the IL1 receptor antagonist. It presents in infancy, and is characterized by systemic inflammation, pustular rash, bone pain, sterile osteitis, and periostitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013626 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 14, pustular Any psoriasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL36RN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014831 biolink:NamedThing progeroid and marfanoid aspect-lipodystrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014837 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016542 biolink:NamedThing immune dysregulation-inflammatory bowel disease-arthritis-recurrent infections syndrome Immune dysregulation-inflammatory bowel disease-arthritis-recurrent infections syndrome is a rare immune dysregulation disease with immunodeficiency characterized by severe, progressive infantile onset inflammatory bowel disease with pancolitis, perianal disease (ulceration, fistulae), recurrent respiratory, genitourinary and cutaneous infections, arthritis and a high risk of B-cell lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017310 biolink:NamedThing Marfan and Marfan-related disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017824 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated pituitary adenoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017893 biolink:NamedThing inherited acute myeloid leukemia An instance of acute myeloid leukemia that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017953 biolink:NamedThing hereditary periodic fever syndrome An instance of periodic fever syndrome that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017992 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory syndrome with pyogenic bacterial infection and amylopectinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018828 biolink:NamedThing pseudo-TORCH syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021064 biolink:NamedThing jugulotympanic paraganglioma A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia in the base of the skull and middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026777 biolink:NamedThing VEXAS syndrome An adult-onset inflammatory disease that affects only males and is caused by somatic, not germline, mutations. The disorder is characterized by adult onset of rheumatologic symptoms at a mean age of 64 years. Features include recurrent fevers, pulmonary and dermatologic inflammatory manifestations, vasculitis, deep vein thrombosis, arthralgias, and ear and nose chondritis. Laboratory studies indicate hematologic abnormalities, including macrocytic anemia, as well as increased levels of acute-phase reactants; about half of patients have positive autoantibodies. Bone marrow biopsy shows degenerative vacuolization restricted to myeloid and erythroid precursor cells, as well as variable hematopoietic dyspoiesis and dysplasias. The condition does not respond to rheumatologic medications and the features may result in premature death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031384 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory syndrome, familial, Behcet-like DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021235 biolink:NamedThing external ear neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the external ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003574 biolink:NamedThing external ear cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the external ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021402 biolink:NamedThing polyp of external auditory canal A polyp that involves the external acoustic meatus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021474 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of ear A benign neoplasm that involves the ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021482 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of middle ear A benign neoplasm that involves the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000975 biolink:NamedThing lipoma of spermatic cord A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the spermatic cord. This is the most common tumor amongst the benign paratesticular lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021447 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of testis A benign neoplasm that involves the testis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021458 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of penis A benign neoplasm that involves the penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021472 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of scrotum A benign neoplasm that involves the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021473 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of epididymis A benign neoplasm that involves the epididymis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021510 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of prostate A benign neoplasm that involves the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003283 biolink:NamedThing epididymal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the epididymis. Representative examples include epididymal adenomatoid tumor and epididymal adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003319 biolink:NamedThing scrotum neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006895 biolink:NamedThing penile neoplasm A benign, borderline, or malignant neoplasm that affects the penis. Representative examples include penile hemangioma, penile intraepithelial neoplasia, and penile carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021348 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of testis A neoplasm (disease) that involves the testis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000978 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the extrahepatic bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021385 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the extrahepatic bile ducts. Representative examples include adenoma and adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003286 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct leiomyoma A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from an extrahepatic bile duct. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003445 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct adenoma An adenoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is classified as papillary, tubular, or tubulopapillary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015073 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder neuroendocrine tumor, grade 1/2 A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018918 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract Carcinoma of the gallbladder (GBC) is the most common and aggressive form of biliary tract cancer (BTC) usually arising in the fundus of the gallbladder, rapidly metastasizing to lymph nodes and distant sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000980 biolink:NamedThing aortic atherosclerosis A atherosclerosis that involves the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005311 biolink:NamedThing atherosclerosis Build-up of fatty material and calcium deposition in the arterial wall resulting in partial or complete occlusion of the arterial lumen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002275 biolink:NamedThing generalized atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis that is not localized. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006694 biolink:NamedThing cerebral atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis of the cerebral vasculature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021661 biolink:NamedThing coronary atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis of the coronary vasculature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030702 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune atherosclerosis An autoimmune form of atherosclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005561 biolink:NamedThing aortic disorder Pathology involving the thoracic, thoracoabdominal, or abdominal aorta (including aneurysms). (ACC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001863 biolink:NamedThing aorta atresia An aortic disease that is characterized by an absence of an opening from the left ventricle of the heart into the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002286 biolink:NamedThing renal artery disease A disease involving the renal artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004539 biolink:NamedThing aortic malignant tumor A cancer that involves the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005160 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm A ruptured aneurysm located in the wall of the proximal portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005997 biolink:NamedThing tricuspid valve stenosis Narrowing or stricture of the tricuspid orifice of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006656 biolink:NamedThing aortitis Inflammation of the aorta. Causes include trauma, infectious disorders, and connective tissue disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007001 biolink:NamedThing tricuspid valve prolapse Abnormal protrusion of one or more of the leaflets of tricuspid valve into the right atrium during systole. This allows the backflow of blood into right atrium leading to tricuspid valve insufficiency; systolic murmurs. Its most common cause is not primary valve abnormality but rather the dilation of the right ventricle and the tricuspid annulus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015197 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare congenital heart malformation of one or more of the aortic sinuses, consisting of a dilation that when unruptured is usually asymptomatic but when ruptured presents with progressive exertional dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain and that can lead to congestive heart failure if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850095 biolink:NamedThing X-linked severe syndromic thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000981 biolink:NamedThing Histoplasma pericarditis An pericarditis (disease) caused by infection with Histoplasma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001049 biolink:NamedThing Dressler syndrome A pericarditis characterized by inflammation, occurring after injury, located in pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006711 biolink:NamedThing constrictive pericarditis A heart disorder in which the pericardial sac becomes thickened and fibrotic, tightening the myocardium and impeding the normal myocardial function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023164 biolink:NamedThing viral pericarditis Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024655 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic pericarditis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002099 biolink:NamedThing Histoplasma capsulatum infectious disease An disease or disorder caused by infection with Histoplasma capsulatum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000983 biolink:NamedThing exhibitionism A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving the exposure of one's genitals to an unsuspecting stranger. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001135 biolink:NamedThing voyeurism A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001504 biolink:NamedThing fetishism A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving the use of nonliving objects such as women's wearing apparel (the "fetish"). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001692 biolink:NamedThing pedophilia A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004759 biolink:NamedThing bestiality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000984 biolink:NamedThing thalassemia An inherited blood disorder characterized by a decreased synthesis of one of the polypeptide chains that form hemoglobin. Anemia results from this abnormal hemoglobin formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010519 biolink:NamedThing alpha thalassemia-X-linked intellectual disability syndrome X-linked alpha thalassaemia mental retardation (ATR-X) syndrome in males is associated with profound developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, genital abnormalities and alpha thalassaemia. Female carriers are usually physically and intellectually normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020459 biolink:NamedThing unstable hemoglobin disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020989 biolink:NamedThing hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin The persistence of substantial fetal hemoglobin production into adulthood, usually associated with hemoglobinopathies due to mutations in the alpha and/or beta chain of hemoglobin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000986 biolink:NamedThing pleurisy Inflammation of the pleura. It is usually caused by infections. Chest pain while breathing or coughing is the presenting symptom. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002037 biolink:NamedThing pleural disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the pleura. Representative examples include pleural infection, pleural mesothelioma, and pleural solitary fibrous tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002076 biolink:NamedThing pneumothorax Abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011331 biolink:NamedThing congenital chylothorax Congenital chylothorax is a rare, potentially life-threatening neonatal condition characterized by the accumulation of chyle within the pleural space leading to respiratory distress, malnutrition and immunological compromise, either immediately after birth or within the first few weeks of life. Congenital chylothorax is the most common cause of pleural effusion in neonates; it can occur primarily due to developmental anomalies of the lymphatic duct or can be associated with chromosomal anomalies (e.g. Noonan syndrome, Turner syndrome and Down syndrome), hydrops fetalis, mediastinal neuroblastoma and other congenital malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018667 biolink:NamedThing pleural empyema The presence of pus in the thoracic cavity, between the visceral and parietal pleura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021065 biolink:NamedThing pleural neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that involves the serous membrane that lines the lungs and thoracic cavity. Most pleural neoplasms are metastatic. Diffuse malignant mesothelioma is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the pleura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000987 biolink:NamedThing cholesterolosis of gallbladder A disorder characterized by a change in the gallbladder wall due to excess cholesterol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002155 biolink:NamedThing cholecystitis An acute or chronic inflammation involving the gallbladder wall. It may be associated with the presence of gallstones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004858 biolink:NamedThing occlusion of gallbladder Blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004859 biolink:NamedThing hydrops of gallbladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005346 biolink:NamedThing gallstones Solid crystalline precipitates in the biliary tract, usually formed in the gallbladder, resulting in the condition of cholelithiasis. Gallstones, derived from the bile, consist mainly of calcium, cholesterol, or bilirubin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005667 biolink:NamedThing biliary dyskinesia A motility disorder characterized by biliary colic, absence of gallstones, and an abnormal gallbladder ejection fraction. It is caused by gallbladder dyskinesia and/or sphincter of oddi dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006698 biolink:NamedThing cholecystolithiasis Single or multiple, ovoid or irregular, solid particles that are formed from bile, cholesterol, and calcium in the gallbladder cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012365 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder disease 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012366 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder disease 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012672 biolink:NamedThing cholelithiasis The presence of calculi in the gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021253 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the gall bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021416 biolink:NamedThing polyp of gallbladder A polyp that involves the gall bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043291 biolink:NamedThing Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses of the gallbladder An abnormality characterized by macroscopic or microscopic outpouchings of gallbladder mucosa into the muscle of the gallbladder wall. It may be associated with cholecystitis or gallstones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000988 biolink:NamedThing discharging ear Discharge or drainage of fluid from the ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002409 biolink:NamedThing auditory system disorder A disease involving the auditory system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001199 biolink:NamedThing dislocation of ear ossicle Ossicular chain dislocation is a separation of the middle ear bones. It results in a hearing loss due to sound not being transmitted properly (conductive hearing loss). Ossicular chain dislocation is also called ossicular chain discontinuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001234 biolink:NamedThing adhesive otitis media An auditory system disease that is characterized by a thin retracted ear drum becomes sucked into the middle-ear space and stuck (i.e., adherent) to the ossicles and other bones of the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002453 biolink:NamedThing retrocochlear disease Pathological processes involving the vestibulocochlear nerve; brainstem; or central nervous system. When hearing loss is due to retrocochlear pathology, it is called retrocochlear hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002467 biolink:NamedThing inner ear disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the inner ear. Causes are inner ear infections, head injuries, and neoplasms (e.g., acoustic schwannoma). Symptoms include dizziness, imbalance, nausea, and vision problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002776 biolink:NamedThing external ear disorder A disease involving the external ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003276 biolink:NamedThing middle ear disorder A disease involving the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004532 biolink:NamedThing auditory system cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the auditory system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000989 biolink:NamedThing mumps infectious disease A contagious viral infection caused by the mumps virus. Symptoms include swollen and tender parotid glands, fever, muscle aches and fatigue. Due to vaccination programs, mumps has become a rare disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005896 biolink:NamedThing Paramyxoviridae infectious disease Infections with viruses of the family paramyxoviridae. This includes morbillivirus infections; respirovirus infections; pneumovirus infections; henipavirus infections; avulavirus infections; and rubulavirus infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005660 biolink:NamedThing Avulavirus infectious disease Infections with viruses of the genus avulavirus, family paramyxoviridae. This includes newcastle disease and other infections of domestic fowl. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005785 biolink:NamedThing henipavirus infectious disease Infections with viruses of the genus henipavirus, family paramyxoviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005857 biolink:NamedThing morbillivirus infectious disease Infections with viruses of the genus morbillivirus, family paramyxoviridae. Infections mainly cause acute disease in their hosts, although in some cases infection is persistent and leads to degenerative conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005940 biolink:NamedThing respirovirus infectious disease Infections with viruses of the genus respirovirus, family paramyxoviridae. Host cell infection occurs by adsorption, via hemagglutinin, to the cell surface. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100197 biolink:NamedThing parainfluenza infectious disease A disease caused by infection with parainfluenza virus. There are four serotypes which cause respiratory illnesses in children and adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000990 biolink:NamedThing acute subendocardial myocardial infarction Acute form of subendocardial myocardial infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003674 biolink:NamedThing subendocardial myocardial infarction An electrocardiographic finding of an injury in leads corresponding to the anatomic region of the subendocardial layer of the wall of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001088 biolink:NamedThing acute inferoposterior infarction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001089 biolink:NamedThing acute inferolateral myocardial infarction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001090 biolink:NamedThing acute anterolateral myocardial infarction Acute form of anterolateral myocardial infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004780 biolink:NamedThing strictly posterior acute myocardial infarction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041656 biolink:NamedThing ST-elevation myocardial infarction A very serious type of heart attack during which one of the heart’s major arteries (one of the arteries that supplies oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to the heart muscle) is blocked. ST-segment elevation is an abnormality detected on the 12-lead ECG. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005159 biolink:NamedThing prostate carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002834 biolink:NamedThing primary prostate urothelial carcinoma An urothelial carcinoma that arises from the urothelial lining of the prostatic ducts or the prostatic urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004956 biolink:NamedThing metastatic prostate carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006390 biolink:NamedThing prostate small cell carcinoma A neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate gland with unfavorable prognosis, composed of small cells containing neurosecretory granules. Approximately half of the cases show a mixture of small cells and adenocarcinoma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056814 biolink:NamedThing hormone-resistant prostate carcinoma Prostate carcinoma that does not respond to hormone therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000994 biolink:NamedThing malignant prostate phyllodes tumor An unusual malignant tumor that arises from the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of glandular elements and a cellular stroma that exhibits mitotic activity and nuclear atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002367 biolink:NamedThing kidney cancer Primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004192 biolink:NamedThing urethra cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the urethra DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008627 biolink:NamedThing ureter cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the ureter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040678 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating urothelial carcinoma A invasive carcinoma that involves the urothelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040679 biolink:NamedThing urothelial carcinoma A malignant neoplasm derived from the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract (urinary bladder, ureter, urethra, or renal pelvis). It is frequently papillary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008315 biolink:NamedThing prostate cancer A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the prostate gland. The vast majority are carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000996 biolink:NamedThing prostate lymphoma A rare non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002854 biolink:NamedThing prostate sarcoma A rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the prostate gland. Representative examples include leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and stromal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021102 biolink:NamedThing prostate phyllodes tumor An unusual, biphasic benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of an epithelial glandular component and a proliferating stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037003 biolink:NamedThing malignant phyllodes tumor A phyllodes tumor with sarcomatous stroma. The sarcomatous component is usually of the fibrosarcomatous type. Liposarcomatous, chondrosarcomatous, osteosarcomatous, or rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation may also occur in the stroma. It may recur and metastasize following surgical resection. The lung and skeleton are the anatomic sites most frequently involved by metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002489 biolink:NamedThing malignant breast phyllodes tumor A phyllodes tumor of the breast characterized by infiltrative margins and a sarcomatous stromal component. The sarcomatous stroma usually displays features of fibrosarcoma. Liposarcomatous, osteosarcomatous, or rhabdomyosarcomatous elements may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000995 biolink:NamedThing familial periodic paralysis A group of genetic neurological disorders caused by mutations in genes involved in the sodium and calcium channels in nerve cells. It is characterized by episodes of muscle paralysis in which the affected muscles become flaccid and the deep tendon reflexes disappear. Between the episodes the affected muscles usually work normally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006507 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hemochromatosis An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by iron accumulation in the tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008713 biolink:NamedThing acrodermatitis enteropathica Acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) is a rare inherited inborn error of metabolism resulting in a severe zinc deficiency and characterized by acral dermatitis, alopecia, diarrhea and growth failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008846 biolink:NamedThing atransferrinemia Congenital atransferrinemia is a very rare hematologic disease caused by a transferrin (TF) deficiency and characterized by microcytic, hypochromic anemia (manifesting with pallor, fatigue and growth retardation) and iron overload, and that can be fatal if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010200 biolink:NamedThing Wilson disease A very rare inherited multisystemic disease presenting non-specific neurological, hepatic, psychiatric or osseo-muscular manifestations due to excessive copper deposition in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018100 biolink:NamedThing familial primary hypomagnesemia A hereditary disorder that leads to a selective defect in renal or intestinal magnesium absorption, resulting in a low serum magnesium concentration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020480 biolink:NamedThing sulfite oxidase deficiency due to molybdenum cofactor deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008222 biolink:NamedThing Andersen-Tawil syndrome Andersen's syndrome (AS) is a rare disorder characterized by periodic muscle paralysis, prolongation of the QT interval with a variety of ventricular arrhythmias (leading to predisposition to sudden cardiac death) and characteristic physical features: short stature, scoliosis, low-set ears, hypertelorism, broad nasal root, micrognathia, clinodactyly, brachydactyly and syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018344 biolink:NamedThing periodic paralysis with transient compartment-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009501 biolink:NamedThing metabolic myopathy due to lactate transporter defect Metabolic myopathy due to lactate transporter defect is a rare metabolic myopathy characterized by muscle cramping and/or stiffness after exercise (especially during heat exposure), post-exertional rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria, and elevation of serum creatine kinase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009706 biolink:NamedThing hereditary myopathy with lactic acidosis due to ISCU deficiency Aconitase deficiency is characterised by myopathy with severe exercise intolerance and deficiencies of skeletal muscle succinate dehydrogenase and aconitase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016117 biolink:NamedThing muscular lipidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016118 biolink:NamedThing muscular glycogenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005062 biolink:NamedThing lymphoma A malignant (clonal) proliferation of B- lymphocytes or T- lymphocytes which involves the lymph nodes, bone marrow and/or extranodal sites. This category includes Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001130 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity lymphoma A primary lymphoma that affects the nasal cavity and the bulk of the tumor is in this anatomic area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001381 biolink:NamedThing bladder lymphoma A lymphoma that involves the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001417 biolink:NamedThing tracheal lymphoma A rare lymphoma that arises from the trachea. Signs and symptoms include dyspnea, cough, wheezing, and stridor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001499 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal lymphoma A lymphoma that involves the retroperitoneal space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001977 biolink:NamedThing ureteral lymphoma A lymphoma that involves the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002227 biolink:NamedThing ovarian lymphoma A lymphoma that affects the ovary. Lymphomatous involvement of the ovary is rare and in approximately half of the cases both ovaries are affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003658 biolink:NamedThing B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large b-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma A group of lymphomas displaying molecular, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical overlap between classical Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This term particularly applies to mediastinal lymphomas with overlapping features of mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003661 biolink:NamedThing breast lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the breast. There is no history of extramammary breast lymphoma and ipsilateral axillary lymph node involvement does not exclude the diagnosis of primary breast lymphoma. Most patients present with a painless breast lump. The vast majority of cases are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue are the most common types of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the breast. Primary Hodgkin lymphoma of the breast is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003917 biolink:NamedThing heart lymphoma An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the heart and/or the pericardium. The majority of the cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Patients may present with chest pain, heart failure, pericardial effusion, arrhythmia, or syncope. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003985 biolink:NamedThing chest wall lymphoma A lymphoma that affects the structures of the chest wall. The majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003987 biolink:NamedThing lung lymphoma A rare non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in and is confined to the lung at the time of diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004034 biolink:NamedThing eye lymphoma A lymphoma that involves the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004699 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal lymphoma A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from any part of the digestive system, with the bulk of the disease localized to that site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004952 biolink:NamedThing Hodgkins lymphoma Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a heterogeneous group of malignant lymphoid neoplasms of B-cell origin characterized histologically by the presence of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells in the vast majority of cases. There are two distinct subtypes: nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma involves primarily lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005710 biolink:NamedThing composite lymphoma Coexistence of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the same anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006078 biolink:NamedThing AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma A lymphoma (non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin) arising from the central nervous system and occurring in HIV-positive patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017207 biolink:NamedThing primary organ-specific lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019483 biolink:NamedThing methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders Methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders are rare immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative diseases characterized by lymphoid proliferation or lymphomas (large B-cell lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, reactive lymphadenitis and a polymorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder) that develop in patients with different autoimmune diseases treated with methotrexate. Swelling is the predominant manifestation of the disease and regression after methotrexate withdrawal is observed in a significant proportion of patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043346 biolink:NamedThing progressive transformation of germinal centers Progressive transformation of germinal centers is a condition in which a lymph node becomes very enlarged (lymphadenopathy). Typically, only one lymph node is affected, though PTGC can involve multiple lymph nodes. Theneck is the most common location of affected lymph nodes, but PTGC may also affect lymph nodes in the groin and armpits. adults are more frequently affected than children, but children have a higher chance of developing PTGC multiple times (recurrence). PTGC is not considered a precancerous condition, though it has been associated with Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0000997 biolink:NamedThing monocular esotropia A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a 'cross-eye' appearance. An example of this condition occurs when paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward deviation of one eye on attempted gaze. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004896 biolink:NamedThing esotropia A form of strabismus in which one or both eyes are deviated medially. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004895 biolink:NamedThing accommodative esotropia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004913 biolink:NamedThing alternating esotropia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001000 biolink:NamedThing mixed mineral dust pneumoconiosis Pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of mixed mineral dust particles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015926 biolink:NamedThing pneumoconiosis An occupational lung disorder caused by inhalation of dust particles. It is characterized by bilateral interstitial lung infiltrates. Representative examples include asbestosis, silicosis, anthracosis, and talc pneumoconiosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001001 biolink:NamedThing baritosis A rare type of pneumoconiosis caused by long standing exposure to barium dust. It is characterized by the formation of fine dense lesions in the lung parenchyma. The lesions do not affect the lung function and disappear without treatment after the exposure to barium dust stops. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001003 biolink:NamedThing pneumoconiosis due to talc Pneumoconiosis caused by exposure to talc. It is characterized by fibrosis and granulomatous changes in the lung parenchyma. Chest x-rays reveal diffuse lung opacities and pleural abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001004 biolink:NamedThing slate pneumoconiosis Pneumoconiosis caused by exposure to slate dust. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005690 biolink:NamedThing Caplan syndrome A combination of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pneumoconiosis that manifests as intrapulmonary nodules, which appear homogenous and well-defined on chest X-ray. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005960 biolink:NamedThing silicosis Silicosis is a respiratory disease caused by breathing in (inhaling) silica dust. There are three types of silicosis: Simple chronic silicosis, the most common type of silicosis, results from long-term exposure (usually more than 20years) to low amounts of silica dust. Simple chronic silicosismay causepeople to have difficulty breathing. Accelerated silicosis occurs after 5 to 15 yearsof exposure of higher levels of silica.Swelling of the lungsand other symptoms occur faster in this type of silicosis than in the simple chronic form. Acute silicosis results from short-term exposure (weeks or months) of large amounts of silica.The lungs become very inflamed and can fill with fluid, causing severe shortness of breath and low blood oxygen levels. A cough, weight loss, and fatigue may also be present. Acute silicosis progresses rapidly and can be fatal within months. People who work in jobs where they are exposed to silica dust (mining, quarrying, construction, sand blasting, stone cutting) are at risk of developing this condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006653 biolink:NamedThing anthracosilicosis Fibrosis of the lung parenchyma caused by inhalation of carbon and silica dust. It manifests as shortness of breath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006654 biolink:NamedThing anthracosis A chronic lung disorder characterized by deposition of coal dust in the lung parenchyma leading to the formation of black nodules and emphysema. It occurs in coal miners. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006688 biolink:NamedThing byssinosis An occupational lung disorder caused by exposure to cotton dust. It occurs more commonly in workers in the textile industry. Signs and symptoms include chest tightness, cough and wheezing. The symptoms tend to get worse at the beginning of the week and subside by the end of the week. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008346 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hemosiderosis Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is a respiratory disease due to repeated episodes of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage without any underlying apparent cause, most often in children. Anemia, cough, and pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiographs are found in majority of the patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015274 biolink:NamedThing chronic beryllium disease Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a granulomatous, interstitial lung disease that occurs in individuals who develop beryllium sensitization (BeS), a cell-mediated immune response to environmental and occupational beryllium exposure. BeS precedes the lung disease that may present with chronic dry cough, fatigue, weight loss, chest pain, and increasing dyspnea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016466 biolink:NamedThing asbestosis A lung disorder caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers. It results in fibrosis of the lung parenchyma. Signs and symptoms include coughing, shortness of breath and chest pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022745 biolink:NamedThing mixed dust pneumoconiosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001005 biolink:NamedThing kaolin pneumoconiosis Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of kaolin dust. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001006 biolink:NamedThing glaucomatous atrophy of optic disc DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003608 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy A disorder characterized by loss of optic nerve fibers. It may be inherited or acquired. Acquired causes include ischemia, optic nerve neuropathy, glaucoma, trauma, radiation, brain tumors, and multiple sclerosis. It leads to vision disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001084 biolink:NamedThing primary optic atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001086 biolink:NamedThing partial optic atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001205 biolink:NamedThing hypersecretion glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001206 biolink:NamedThing aqueous misdirection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001554 biolink:NamedThing phacogenic glaucoma Secondary glaucoma caused by either excessive size or spheric shape of the lens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001626 biolink:NamedThing traumatic glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001744 biolink:NamedThing angle-closure glaucoma The sudden increase of intraocular pressure, resulting in pain and an abrupt decrease in visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004744 biolink:NamedThing borderline glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004930 biolink:NamedThing steroid-induced glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005338 biolink:NamedThing open-angle glaucoma Chronic outflow obstruction of the eye's drainage canals that can lead to increased internal eye pressure and optic nerve damage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019783 biolink:NamedThing neovascular glaucoma Neovascular glaucoma is the most common type of secondary glaucoma, usually caused by diabetic retinopathy, central retinal vein occlusion and carotid artery obstruction but sometimes by trauma, uvietis or ocular tumors, and characterized by severe eye pain, synechial angle glaucoma, high intraocular pressure and leading to loss of vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001007 biolink:NamedThing chronic meningitis Chronic form of meningitis (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021108 biolink:NamedThing meningitis A disorder characterized by acute inflammation of the meninges of the brain and/or spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006662 biolink:NamedThing aseptic meningitis Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord without a bacterial pathogen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024620 biolink:NamedThing meningitis caused by poliovirus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024891 biolink:NamedThing non-infectious meningitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001009 biolink:NamedThing solitary cyst of breast A single, fluid-filled cyst in the breast parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001099 biolink:NamedThing lactocele Single or multiple, milk-containing nodules in the breast. It is caused by obstruction of the breast ducts during lactation. Needle aspiration of the milk is the treatment of choice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001014 biolink:NamedThing chronic leukemia A slowly progressing leukemia characterized by a clonal (malignant) proliferation of maturing and mature myeloid cells or mature lymphocytes. When the clonal cellular population is composed of myeloid cells, the process is called chronic myelogenous leukemia. When the clonal cellular population is composed of lymphocytes, it is classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, or T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005059 biolink:NamedThing leukemia A malignant (clonal) hematologic disorder, involving hematopoietic stem cells and characterized by the presence of primitive or atypical myeloid or lymphoid cells in the bone marrow and the blood. Leukemias are classified as acute or chronic based on the degree of cellular differentiation and the predominant cell type present. Leukemia is usually associated with anemia, fever, hemorrhagic episodes, and splenomegaly. Common leukemias include acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic or precursor lymphoblastic leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Treatment is vital to patient survival; untreated, the natural course of acute leukemias is normally measured in weeks or months, while that of chronic leukemias is more often measured in months or years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001394 biolink:NamedThing chronic erythremia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001606 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system leukemia Leukemia infiltrating the central nervous system structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003730 biolink:NamedThing aleukemic leukemia A leukemia characterized by the absence of leukemic cells in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004107 biolink:NamedThing splenic manifestation of leukemia A leukemia (disease) that involves the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004600 biolink:NamedThing monocytic leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004643 biolink:NamedThing myeloid leukemia A clonal proliferation of myeloid cells and their precursors in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. When the proliferating cells are immature myeloid cells and myeloblasts, it is called acute myeloid leukemia. When the proliferating myeloid cells are neutrophils, it is called chronic myelogenous leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005402 biolink:NamedThing lymphoid leukemia A malignant lymphocytic neoplasm of B-cell or T-cell lineage involving primarily the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. This category includes precursor or acute lymphoblastic leukemias and chronic leukemias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020334 biolink:NamedThing mast cell leukemia Mast cell leukemia is a malignant form of systemic mastocytosis (SM) characterized, most of the time, by the presence of circulating mast cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001015 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic meningitis Meningitis in which eosinophils predominate in the cerebrospinal fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001016 biolink:NamedThing epididymis cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the epididymis. Representative examples include primary epididymal adenocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma to the epididymis arising from another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001325 biolink:NamedThing penile cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the penis. Representative examples include penile carcinoma and penile sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001654 biolink:NamedThing spermatic cord cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the spermatic cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004311 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of Cowper glands A carcinoma that involves the bulbo-urethral gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021112 biolink:NamedThing scrotum cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001019 biolink:NamedThing suppression amblyopia A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A discrepancy between visual information received by the visual cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development. strabismus and refractive errors may cause this condition. Toxic amblyopia is a disorder of the optic nerve which is associated with alcoholism, tobacco smoking, and other toxins and as an adverse effect of the use of some medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001021 biolink:NamedThing ametropic amblyopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001022 biolink:NamedThing disuse amblyopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004614 biolink:NamedThing chronic monocytic leukemia Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (myeloid progenitor cells) in the bone marrow and other sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015687 biolink:NamedThing chronic eosinophilic leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019451 biolink:NamedThing chronic neutrophilic leukemia A rare chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by neutrophilic leukocytosis. There is no detectable Philadelphia chromosome or BCR/ABL fusion gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019469 biolink:NamedThing T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-cell LGL leukemia) is a lymphoproliferative malignancy that arises from the mature T-cell (CD3+) lineage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020311 biolink:NamedThing chronic myelomonocytic leukemia A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm which is characterized by persistent monocytosis, absence of a Philadelphia chromosome and BCR/ABL fusion gene, fewer than 20 percent blasts in the bone marrow and blood, myelodysplasia, and absence of PDGFRA or PDGFRB rearrangement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001640 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal spondylitis An spondylitis caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001719 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal bursitis An bursitis caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015455 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae which was acquired during labor and delivery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020971 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal urethritis Inflammation of the urethra secondary to infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae; this infection is spread through sexual contact. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021158 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal epididymo-orchitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021161 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal prostatitis An prostatitis (disease) caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041903 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal infection of joint DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004767 biolink:NamedThing vesiculitis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the seminal vesicle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004508 biolink:NamedThing periapical periodontitis Inflammation of the periapical tissue. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is periapical granuloma. Suppurative inflammation is periapical abscess. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005593 biolink:NamedThing chronic periodontitis A chronic inflammatory process that affects the tissues that surround and support the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006899 biolink:NamedThing pericoronitis Inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a tooth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005975 biolink:NamedThing suppurative otitis media Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001920 biolink:NamedThing chronic purulent otitis media Otitis media that persists for at least six weeks, and that is associated with otorrhea through a perforated tympanic membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001964 biolink:NamedThing chronic tubotympanic suppurative otitis media A suppurative otitis media which is an inflammatory disease of the middle ear cleft characterized by the presence of a persisting perforation within the pars tensa of the tympanic membrane, intermittent profuse muco-purulent otorrhea and gradually progressive conductive hearing loss of more than 12 weeks duration. It is caused by episodes of upper respiratory infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001032 biolink:NamedThing Mooren ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004577 biolink:NamedThing corneal ulcer Area of epithelial tissue loss from corneal surface; associated with inflammatory cells in the cornea and anterior chamber. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001033 biolink:NamedThing mycotic corneal ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001034 biolink:NamedThing marginal corneal ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001037 biolink:NamedThing ring corneal ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001038 biolink:NamedThing perforated corneal ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004918 biolink:NamedThing central corneal ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001035 biolink:NamedThing hypopyon ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001036 biolink:NamedThing hypopyon An accumulation of pus in the anterior chamber of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004774 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal iridocyclitis An iridocyclitis (disease) caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005375 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the nasopharynx. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include angiofibroma and squamous papilloma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and nonkeratinizing carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001041 biolink:NamedThing dentin caries A dental caries that involves the dentine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005276 biolink:NamedThing dental caries The decay of a tooth, in which it becomes softened, discolored, and/or porous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001349 biolink:NamedThing odontoclasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002233 biolink:NamedThing enamel caries A dental caries that involves the enamel. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005591 biolink:NamedThing pit and fissure surface dental caries DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005592 biolink:NamedThing smooth surface dental caries DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004857 biolink:NamedThing tendinitis Inflammation of a tendon, usually resulting from an overuse injury. It is characterized by swelling of the tendon, tenderness around the inflamed tendon, and pain while moving the affected area of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001127 biolink:NamedThing tibialis tendinitis A tendinitis that involves the tibialis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001594 biolink:NamedThing Achilles bursitis An bursitis involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the calcaneal tendon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001903 biolink:NamedThing calcific tendinitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004855 biolink:NamedThing tenosynovitis Inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease (gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule, hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is usually reduced. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100012 biolink:NamedThing paratenonitis Inflammation of the outer layer of the tendon (paratenon) alone, whether or not the paratenon is lined by synovium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001044 biolink:NamedThing esophageal atresia A congenital abnormality of the esophagus in which the upper esophagus ends as a blind pouch and does not connect with the lower esophagus; it is often accompanied by a tracheoesophageal fistula. Signs and symptoms in a newborn with this abnormality include excessive salivation, choking, coughing, and the development of cyanosis and respiratory distress when fed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001221 biolink:NamedThing esophageal varices Abnormally dilated veins of the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001656 biolink:NamedThing megaesophagus An abnormal dilation of the esophagus not due to obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004189 biolink:NamedThing esophageal tuberculosis A tuberculosis that involves the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004697 biolink:NamedThing esophageal leukoplakia A rare condition that usually affects the middle-to-distal esophagus in middle-aged and elderly people. There is usually a history of tobacco smoking or alcohol intake. Dysphagia is the presenting symptom. Morphologically, the lesions are well-demarcated and are characterized by epithelial hyperplasia, thickened basal layer, prominent granular cell layer, and hyperorthokeratosis. In a minority of patients this condition is associated with adjacent high-grade squamous dysplasia and/or squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004729 biolink:NamedThing dyskinesia of esophagus Disorders affecting the motor function of the upper esophageal sphincter; lower esophageal sphincter; the esophagus body, or a combination of these parts. The failure of the sphincters to maintain a tonic pressure may result in gastric reflux of food and acid into the esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux). Other disorders include hypermotility (spastic disorders) and markedly increased amplitude in contraction (nutcracker esophagus). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006754 biolink:NamedThing esophageal diverticulosis A pathological condition characterized by the presence of a number of esophageal diverticula in the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008698 biolink:NamedThing achalasia A finding indicating the lack of adequate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter resulting in difficulty swallowing food. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013662 biolink:NamedThing Barrett esophagus Esophageal lesion lined with columnar metaplastic epithelium which is flat or villiform. Barrett epithelium is characterized by two different types of cells: goblet cells and columnar cells. The symptomatology of Barrett esophagus is that of gastro-esophageal reflux. It is the precursor of most esophageal adenocarcinomas. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019513 biolink:NamedThing esophageal malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044782 biolink:NamedThing esophageal ulcer An ulcerated lesion in the esophageal wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001045 biolink:NamedThing intestinal atresia A congenital malformation characterized by the absence of a normal opening in a part of the intestine. It can occur either in the small or the large intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001075 biolink:NamedThing steatorrhea A finding of an excessive amount of fat in the stool. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001138 biolink:NamedThing angiodysplasia of intestine A angiodysplasia that involves the intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001284 biolink:NamedThing endometriosis of intestine Endometriosis that affects the intesines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001560 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic pyloric stenosis An abnormality characterized by thickening of the muscle in the wall of the pylorus. It results in the narrowing of the pyloric channel. The overlying mucosa may appear hypertrophic as well. Clinical signs and symptoms appear early in life and include projectile vomiting and dehydration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001671 biolink:NamedThing mucocele of appendix Accumulation of mucus within the appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004565 biolink:NamedThing intestinal obstruction Blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents within the bowel. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004566 biolink:NamedThing postgastrectomy syndrome Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ulcer, postprandial syndromes (dumping syndrome and late postprandial hypoglycemia), disordered bowel action, and nutritional deficiencies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004880 biolink:NamedThing bowel dysfunction Any disease in which the causes of the disease is a perturbation of the lower digestive tract leading to its dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005288 biolink:NamedThing intestinal polyp Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the intestine. A polyp is attached to the intestinal wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005313 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing enterocolitis Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease that affects mostly the intestine of premature infants. The wall of the intestine is invaded by bacteria, which cause local infection and inflammation that can ultimately destroy the wall of the bowel (intestine). Such bowel wall destruction can lead to perforation of the intestine and spillage of stool into the infant's abdomen, which can result in an overwhelming infection and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006807 biolink:NamedThing intestinal perforation A rupture in the wall of the small or large intestine due to traumatic or pathologic processes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006868 biolink:NamedThing neurogenic bowel Loss or absence of normal intestinal function due to nerve damage or birth defects. It is characterized by the inability to control the elimination of stool from the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006912 biolink:NamedThing pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis The presence of gas within the wall of the large or small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008808 biolink:NamedThing aplasia cutis congenita-intestinal lymphangiectasia syndrome Aplasia cutis congenita - intestinal lymphangiectasia is an extremely rare association syndrome, described in only two brothers to date (one of which died at 2 months of age), characterized by aplasia cutis congenita of the vertex and generalized edema (as well as hypoproteinemia and lymphopenia) due to intestinal lymphangiectasia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015178 biolink:NamedThing congenital intestinal transport defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015183 biolink:NamedThing short bowel syndrome Short bowel syndrome is an intestinal failure due to either a congenital defect, intestinal infarction or extensive surgical resection of the intestinal tract that results in a functional small intestine of less than 200cm in length and is characterized by diarrhea, nutrient malabsoption, bowel dilation and dysmobility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016208 biolink:NamedThing solitary rectal ulcer syndrome Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare rectal disease characterized by rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, passage of mucus, sensation of incomplete evacuation, straining at defecation and rectal prolapsed, secondary to ischemic changes in the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016996 biolink:NamedThing NK-cell enteropathy Natural killer (NK)-cell enteropathy is a benign NK-cell lymphoproliferative disease characterized by minor abdominal symptoms (abdominal pain, diverticulosis, constipation and reflux) due to NK cell-derived lesions in the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract and often mistaken for NK or T-cell lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017418 biolink:NamedThing chronic intestinal failure Chronic intestinal failure (CIF) is a chronic type of intestinal failure characterized by a nonfunctioning small bowel (that may be reversible or irreversal) where the body is unable to maintain energy and nutritional needs through absorption of food or nutrients via the intestinal tract (despite being metabolically stable) and which therefore necessitates long-term parenteral feeding. CIF may be the result of congenital digestive diseases (such as gastroschisis, atresia of small intestine), short bowel syndrome, intra-abdominal or pelvic cancer, or progressive and devastating gastrointestinal or systemic benign diseases (such as Crohn disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018178 biolink:NamedThing intestinal lymphangiectasia Dilatation of the intestinal lymphatic system usually caused by an obstruction in the intestinal wall. It may be congenital or acquired and is characterized by diarrhea; hypoproteinemia; peripheral and/or abdominal edema; and protein-losing enteropathies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018353 biolink:NamedThing refractory celiac disease Refractory celiac disease (RCD) is a complex autoimmune disorder much like the more common celiac disease but, unlike celiac disease, it is resistant or unresponsive to at least 12 months of treatment with a strict gluten-free diet. Gliadin, a component of the wheat storage protein gluten, together with similar proteins in barley and rye, are the villains that trigger the immune reaction in celiac disease. The diagnosis of RCD is made by exclusion, especially of any other disorder that can affect the huge number of thread-like projections that line the interior of the intestine (intestinal villi), such as intestinal lymphoma, Crohn's disease, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth or hypogammaglobulinemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018438 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018765 biolink:NamedThing cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018766 biolink:NamedThing chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018794 biolink:NamedThing cytosolic phospholipase-A2 alpha deficiency associated bleeding disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018913 biolink:NamedThing malakoplakia Malakoplakia is a chronic multisystem granulomatous inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of single or multiple soft plaques on various organs of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019126 biolink:NamedThing intractable diarrhea of infancy Intractable diarrhoea of infancy (IDI) is a heterogeneous syndrome that includes several diseases with different aetiologies. Provisional classification of IDI, according to villous atrophy and based on immunohistological criteria, distinguishes two clearly different groups of IDI: 1) Immune-mediated: characterised by a mononuclear cell infiltration of the lamina propria and considered as being related to T cell activation. 2) The second histological pattern includes early onset severe intractable diarrhoea histologically characterised by villous atrophy with low or without mononuclear cell infiltration of the lamina propria but specific histological abnormalities involving the epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020598 biolink:NamedThing malabsorption syndrome A syndrome resulting from the inadequate absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020754 biolink:NamedThing visceral myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021189 biolink:NamedThing intestinal motility disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of intestinal motility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024635 biolink:NamedThing small intestine disorder A disease that involves the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034846 biolink:NamedThing primary desmosis coli A rare intestinal disease characterized by congenital partial or complete lack of the collagen mesh network in the intestinal wall, resulting in hypoperistalsis or aperistalsis. The enteric nervous system is normal or near-normal in the affected areas, although hypo- and dysganglionosis may be found in some proximal segments of the colon and/or small bowel. Patients present with chronic intractable slow transit constipation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001046 biolink:NamedThing imperforate anus A congenital birth defect characterized by the absence of a normal anal opening. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001177 biolink:NamedThing anorectal stricture DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001274 biolink:NamedThing anal spasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003046 biolink:NamedThing anus neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the anal canal or anal margin. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include squamous papilloma and papillary hidradenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, lymphoma, and melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060766 biolink:NamedThing anal polyp A non-neoplastic or neoplastic polypoid lesion that arises from the anus. Representative examples include the fibroepithelial polyp and squamous papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018916 biolink:NamedThing isolated anorectal malformation Anorectal malformations (ARM) comprise a wide spectrum of malformations involving the distal anus and rectum as well as the urinary and genital tracts, which can affect boys and girls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007136 biolink:NamedThing genetic anorectal anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015731 biolink:NamedThing high anorectal malformation High anorectal malformation is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic subtype of anorectal malformation, resulting from a developmental defect during embryogenesis, characterized by a wide spectrum of anorectal anomalies, with or without a rectourogenital fistula, located above the pubococcygeal line (i.e. anorectal agenesis, rectal agenesis, atresia, or stenosis). Patients may present with meconuria, pyuria, strangury, and fecal and urinary incontinence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015732 biolink:NamedThing intermediate anorectal malformation Intermediate anorectal malformation is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic subtype of anorectal malformation, resulting from a developmental defect during embryogenesis, characterized by a wide spectrum of anorectal anomalies lying between the pubococcygeal line and the ischial tuberosity (e.g., rectovestibular and rectovaginal fistulas in the female, rectobulbar fistula in the male, and anal agenesis). Patients may present with failure to pass meconium, failure to thrive, and recurrent urinary tract infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015733 biolink:NamedThing low anorectal malformation Low anorectal malformation is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic subtype of anorectal malformation, resulting from a developmental defect during embryogenesis, characterized by a wide spectrum of anorectal anomalies lying below the ischial tuberosity (e.g., anovestibular fistula in female, perineal and anocutaneous fistulas, and anal stenosis). Patients may present with failure to pass meconium, failure to thrive, and chronic constipation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001048 biolink:NamedThing orbital granuloma A granuloma located on the orbit of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001849 biolink:NamedThing chronic orbital inflammation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004769 biolink:NamedThing orbital plasma cell granuloma A nonspecific tumor-like inflammatory lesion in the orbit of the eye. It is usually composed of mature lymphocytes; plasma cells; macrophages; leukocytes with varying degrees of fibrosis. Orbital pseudotumors are often associated with inflammation of the extraocular muscles (orbital myositis) or inflammation of the lacrimal glands (dacryoadenitis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001052 biolink:NamedThing chronic fungal otitis externa Chronic form of otomycosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001053 biolink:NamedThing acute infection of pinna An otitis externa which involves bacterial infections often related to underlying comorbidities as well as trauma. Common sources of trauma include ear piercing, boxing, blunt trauma, burns, bite wounds and iatrogenic insults. The common bacterial pathogens are staphylococcal and streptococcal species. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002240 biolink:NamedThing acute perichondritis of pinna Acute form of perichondritis of auricle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001054 biolink:NamedThing double pterygium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005085 biolink:NamedThing pterygium A wedge-shaped fibrovascular lesion arising from the bulbar conjunctiva and extending to the cornea. It is caused by chronic exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation, heat, and dust. It may cause severe vision loss. Studies have linked pterygium to neoplastic proliferation and suggest that it may be a stem cell disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001055 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival pterygium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001179 biolink:NamedThing pinguecula A yellowish thickened lesion on the conjunctiva near the cornea representing a benign degenerative change in the conjunctiva caused by the leakage and deposition of certain blood proteins through the permeable capillaries near the limbus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001056 biolink:NamedThing gastric cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002131 biolink:NamedThing jaw cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the jaw skeleton DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005411 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the gall bladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005515 biolink:NamedThing oral cavity cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the oral cavity. The majority are squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005966 biolink:NamedThing spleen cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the spleen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006181 biolink:NamedThing digestive system carcinoma A malignant neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of any part of the digestive system. Representative examples include colorectal carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, and pancreatic carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007576 biolink:NamedThing esophageal cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009831 biolink:NamedThing malignant pancreatic neoplasm A malignant neoplasm involving the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021320 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of floor of mouth A cancer that involves the mouth floor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003513 biolink:NamedThing gastric teratoma A mature or immature teratoma that arises from the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006221 biolink:NamedThing gastric adenoma A neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach. This category includes intestinal-type adenomatous polyps, gastric-type adenomas, and fundic gland polyps. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006224 biolink:NamedThing gastric hamartomatous polyp A non-neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach and is characterized by the presence of connective tissue stroma overgrowth and cystic formations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001057 biolink:NamedThing malignant gastric granular cell tumor A metastasizing granular cell tumor that arises from the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001059 biolink:NamedThing gastric lymphoma An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the stomach with the bulk of the mass located in the stomach. The vast majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001061 biolink:NamedThing pylorus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the pylorus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001063 biolink:NamedThing cardia cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the cardia of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003367 biolink:NamedThing gastric leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the stomach. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003592 biolink:NamedThing gastric liposarcoma A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004950 biolink:NamedThing gastric carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018502 biolink:NamedThing hereditary gastric cancer Hereditary gastric cancer refers to the occurrence of gastric cancer in a familial context and is described as two or more cases of gastric cancer in first or second degree relatives with at least one case diagnosed before the age of 50. Familial clustering is observed in 10% of all cases of gastric cancer, and includes hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (early onset diffuse-type gastric cancer), gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach and familial intestinal gastric cancer (familial clustering of intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma). Hereditary gastric cancer can also occur in other hereditary cancer syndromes such as Lynch syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis and juvenile polyposis syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003252 biolink:NamedThing granular cell cancer An uncommon granular cell tumor which may metastasize to other anatomic sites. Morphologic characteristics include the presence of spindling neoplastic cells, necrosis, extensive pleomorphism, prominent nucleoli, and increased mitiotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003350 biolink:NamedThing granular cell leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of malignant smooth muscle cells with granular cytoplasmic changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004314 biolink:NamedThing malignant cutaneous granular cell skin tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001188 biolink:NamedThing esophagus lymphoma An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the esophagus with the bulk of the mass located in the esophagus. Dysphagia may be the presenting symptom. The vast majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002114 biolink:NamedThing pancreas lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the pancreas with the bulk of the tumor localized to this organ. The vast majority of cases are non-Hodgkin lymphomas of B-cell phenotype and include mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, follicular lymphomas, and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004474 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the gallbladder, with the bulk of the tumor located at this site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004695 biolink:NamedThing liver lymphoma A rare lymphoma that arises from the liver and the bulk of the tumor is located in the liver. The most frequent types of lymphoma that arise from the liver are diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017604 biolink:NamedThing marginal zone lymphoma A usually indolent mature B-cell lymphoma, arising from the marginal zone of lymphoid tissues. It is characterized by the presence of small to medium sized atypical lymphocytes. It comprises three entities, according to the anatomic sites involved: extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, which affects extranodal sites (most often stomach, lung, skin, and ocular adnexa); nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, which affects lymph nodes without evidence of extranodal disease; and splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, which affects the spleen and splenic hilar lymph nodes, bone marrow, and often the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024656 biolink:NamedThing colorectal lymphoma An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the colon or rectum. The majority are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001060 biolink:NamedThing microinvasive gastric cancer An invasive adenocarcinoma confined to the mucosa or mucosa and submucosa of the gastric wall. The regional lymph nodes may or may not be involved. It usually occurs in the lesser curvature. The 5-year survival rate following resection is between 80 percent and 95 percent, and remains high even when lymph node metastases are present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003835 biolink:NamedThing gastric cardia adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the cardia of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005017 biolink:NamedThing diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the stomach. Microscopically, it is characterized by the presence of a diffuse infiltrate, composed of individual adenocarcinoma cells or groups of adenocarcinoma cells in a fibrous or mucoid stroma. Many cells contain mucin droplets, producing a signet-ring configuration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006035 biolink:NamedThing gastric tubular adenocarcinoma A variant of gastric adenocarcinoma characterized by prominent dilated or slit-like tubules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006228 biolink:NamedThing gastric papillary adenocarcinoma A variant of gastric adenocarcinoma with exophytic growth and elongated finger-like processes lined by cylindrical or cuboidal cells supported by fibrovascular connective tissue cores. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006309 biolink:NamedThing mucinous gastric adenocarcinoma A variant of gastric adenocarcinoma with more than half of the tumor containing extracellular mucinous pools. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006409 biolink:NamedThing signet ring cell gastric adenocarcinoma A poorly cohesive gastric adenocarcinoma characterized by malignant cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001062 biolink:NamedThing pyloric antrum cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the pyloric antrum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002172 biolink:NamedThing otosalpingitis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the pharyngotympanic tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002170 biolink:NamedThing chronic eustachian salpingitis Chronic form of otosalpingitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005468 biolink:NamedThing hypotensive disorder Blood pressure that is abnormally low. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005469 biolink:NamedThing orthostatic hypotension Sudden fall of the blood pressure of at least 20/10 mm Hg when a person stands up. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005470 biolink:NamedThing postprandial hypotension Drastic decline in blood pressure which happens after eating a meal and most likely due to insufficient compensation in cardiac output by the autonomic nervous sytem for the diversion of blood to the intestines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005471 biolink:NamedThing neurally mediated hypotension Neurally mediated hypotension is a sudden drop in blood pressure while an individual stands up. It occurs when there is an abnormal reflex interaction between the heart and the brain, both of which usually are structurally normal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001066 biolink:NamedThing late yaws Late yaws is the tertiary, non-contagious stage of yaws, endemic tropical treponemal nonvenereal infection. Late yaws is characterized by destructive and deforming lesions of the skin, bones, and joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006019 biolink:NamedThing yaws An endemic, infectious, nonvenereal disease in humans that presents mainly in children younger than 15 years. The disease occurs primarily in warm, humid, tropical areas of Africa, Asia, South America, and Oceania, among poor rural populations where conditions of overcrowding and poor sanitation prevail. Infection with Treponema pertenue, a subspecies of Treponema pallidum, causes the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001067 biolink:NamedThing early yaws Early yaws includes primary and secondary stages of yaws, endemic tropical treponemal nonvenereal infection: development of initial lesion at inoculation site followed by widespread dissemination of treponemes and generalized secondary granulomatous lesions that may relapse repeatedly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040925 biolink:NamedThing latent yaws DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042452 biolink:NamedThing tertiary lesion of yaws DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001072 biolink:NamedThing mild pre-eclampsia A pre-eclampsia characterized by the presence of hypertension without evidence of end-organ damage, in a woman who was normotensive before 20 weeks' gestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001641 biolink:NamedThing severe pre-eclampsia Preeclampsia with a systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or higher, or a diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg or higher on two occasions at least 4 hours apart while on bedrest. It is associated with thrombocytopenia (platelets less than 100,000 per microliter), impaired liver function (twice normal elevation of hepatic transaminases; severe, persistent right upper quadrant or epigastric pain), progressive renal insufficiency (serum creatinine greater than 1.1 mg/dL or doubling of baseline in the absence of other renal disease), pulmonary edema, or new-onset cerebral or visual disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012264 biolink:NamedThing preeclampsia/eclampsia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012265 biolink:NamedThing preeclampsia/eclampsia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012266 biolink:NamedThing preeclampsia/eclampsia 4 Any preeclampsia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STOX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013817 biolink:NamedThing preeclampsia/eclampsia 5 Any preeclampsia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CORIN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100467 biolink:NamedThing preeclampsia/eclampsia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001765 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy in collagen vascular disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001904 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy due to drug DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001957 biolink:NamedThing critical illness polyneuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003334 biolink:NamedThing demyelinating polyneuropathy Polyneuropathy that is characterized by demyelination of axons. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003335 biolink:NamedThing chronic polyneuropathy Polyneuropathy that is persistent or long-standing in nature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006645 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic polyneuropathy Any disease affecting more than one nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006888 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic polyneuropathy A diffuse or multifocal peripheral neuropathy caused by the effects of a distant neoplasm. It may be attributed, in part, to the immune response to neoplasm-elaborated proteins. The neuropathy may be sensory, motor, mixed or autonomic. It may be the initial presentation of an occult neoplasm. Detection and resection of the neoplasm may result in cure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006915 biolink:NamedThing polyradiculoneuropathy Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory polyradiculopathy (guillain-barre syndrome) and polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating. Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001076 biolink:NamedThing glucose intolerance The inability to regulate blood glucose levels resulting in hyperglycemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002177 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinism Abnormally high levels of insulin in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002909 biolink:NamedThing hyperglycemia Abnormally high level of glucose in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004946 biolink:NamedThing hypoglycemia Abnormally low level of glucose in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006920 biolink:NamedThing prediabetes syndrome A condition in which blood glucose levels are high, but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014221 biolink:NamedThing triosephosphate isomerase deficiency Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) deficiency is a severe autosomal recessive inherited multisystem disorder of glycolytic metabolism characterized by hemolytic anemia and neurodegeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019225 biolink:NamedThing disorder of gluconeogenesis An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of gluconeogenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023263 biolink:NamedThing glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001078 biolink:NamedThing tropical sprue A rare disorder of the digestive tract characterized by malabsorption and anemia. It is likely caused by infection leading to small intestinal mucosal injury, bacterial overgrowth and inflammatory changes. It is most prevalent in residents and visitors to tropical and subtropical climates. Clinical signs include anorexia, abdominal bloating, diarrhea and weight loss. Clinical course may progress to deficiencies of folate, vitamin B12 and iron. Prognosis is favorable with nutrient replacement and antibiotic therapy, however relapses are common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005673 biolink:NamedThing blind loop syndrome A disorder affecting the small intestine. It is caused by the stasis of food and subsequent overgrowth of bacteria in a portion of the small intestine that is unintentionally bypassed as a complication of abdominal surgery or as a sequela of gastrointestinal disorders which impede effective motility. Clinical signs include bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea and weight loss. If untreated, the clinical course progresses to malabsorption of fats, vitamin B12 and calcium, the latter which predisposes to nephrolithiasis and osteoporosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015179 biolink:NamedThing intestinal disease due to vitamin absorption anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015180 biolink:NamedThing intestinal disease due to fat malabsorption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019787 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune enteropathy Severe-immune mediated enteropathy describes a variety of intestinal disorders that can range from a serious, early-onset systemic disease (IPEX) to a mild isolated gastrointestinal disease. In children it manifests with severe diarrhea and dehydration in the presence of characteristic antibodies (anti-enterocyte and anti-goblet cell) and in adults with chronic diarrhea, malabsorption and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100345 biolink:NamedThing lactose intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001079 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic steatorrhea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001683 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic mucinous ductal ectasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001684 biolink:NamedThing exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Inability of the exocrine pancreas to produce and secrete an adequate amount of digestive enzymes into the small intestine. Patients present with symptoms of malabsorption syndrome, abdominal discomfort, and bloating. Causes include chronic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and autoimmune disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001933 biolink:NamedThing endocrine pancreas disorder A disease involving the endocrine pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017589 biolink:NamedThing follicular cholangitis and pancreatitis Follicular cholangitis and pancreatitis is a rare pancreatobiliary disease characterized by marked duct-centered lymphoid follicular inflammation that develops in both biliary and pancreatic ductal systems, mainly affecting the hilar bile ducts and the pancreatic head. Patients present with jaundice, abdominal pain, liver dysfunction, pruritus and/or weight loss. Histology shows lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with formation of numerous, large lymphpoid follicles around the affected bile and pancreatic ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017783 biolink:NamedThing congenital pancreatic cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001080 biolink:NamedThing acute gonococcal cervicitis Acute form of gonococcal cervicitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002029 biolink:NamedThing chronic gonorrhea of cervix Chronic form of gonococcal cervicitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002030 biolink:NamedThing chronic cervicitis Chronic inflammation of the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030708 biolink:NamedThing Trichomonas cervicitis An cervicitis (disease) caused by infection with Trichomonas vaginalis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009975 biolink:NamedThing reticulum cell sarcoma An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of diffuse infiltrates of large, often anaplastic lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004528 biolink:NamedThing lymph node palisaded myofibroblastoma A myofibroblastoma arising from the inguinal lymph nodes. It is characterized by the presence of nuclear palisading. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021443 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of lymph node A benign neoplasm that involves the lymph node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006510 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular transport disease Genetic defects in the selective or non-selective transport functions of the kidney tubules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009550 biolink:NamedThing renal hypomagnesemia 3 Familial primary hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis without severe ocular involvement (FHHN) is a form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH), characterized by recurrent urinary tract infections, nephrolithiasis, bilateral nephrocalcinosis, renal magnesium (Mg) wasting, hypercalciuria and kidney failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015612 biolink:NamedThing Dent disease Dent disease is a rare genetic renal tubular disease characterized by manifestations of proximal tubule dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018638 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism An inherited or acquired disorder of electrolyte metabolism, characterized by the inability of the renal tubules to respond to aldosterone. It is manifested by hyperkalemic metabolic acidosis, urinary salt wasting, normal or increased aldosterone secretion and normal glomerular filtration rate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021568 biolink:NamedThing renal tubule disorder A disease that involves the renal tubule. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003011 biolink:NamedThing mucinous tubular and spindle renal cell carcinoma A low grade carcinoma of the kidney characterized by the presence of tubules which are separated by mucinous stroma. Often the tubular structures have a spindle cell appearance. Patients are usually asymptomatic and occasionally they may present with hematuria or flank pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001085 biolink:NamedThing interstitial nephritis Inflammation of the renal tubules and supporting tissues of the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006938 biolink:NamedThing pyelitis Inflammation of the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001087 biolink:NamedThing schizotypal personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of inability to establish close relationships coupled with cognitive or perceptual distortions, odd beliefs and speech, and eccentric behavior and appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001156 biolink:NamedThing borderline personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of unstable self-image and mood together with volatile interpersonal relationships, self-damaging impulsivity, recurrent suicidal threats or gestures and/or self-mutilating behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001157 biolink:NamedThing dependent personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of an extreme need to be taken care of together with fear of separation that lead the individual to urgently seek out and submit to another person and allow that person to make decisions that impact all areas of the individual's life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001158 biolink:NamedThing obsessive-compulsive personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of inflexibility, extreme orderliness, and perfectionism which interfere with efficiency and which may manifest in many different contexts, including work and leisure activities, financial matters, and issues of morality or ethics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001161 biolink:NamedThing schizoid personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of extreme social detachment and lack of involvement in interpersonal activities, coupled with emotional coldness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001163 biolink:NamedThing paranoid personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of behavior based on the pervasive belief that the motives of others are malevolent and that they should not be trusted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001164 biolink:NamedThing antisocial personality disorder A disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that is manifested in childhood or early adolescence. (adapted from DSM-IV) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002027 biolink:NamedThing avoidant personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of avoidance of social situations and interpersonal contact due to overwhelming feelings of social inadequacy and a hypersensitivity to negative evaluation or rejection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002411 biolink:NamedThing narcissistic personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of grandiose beliefs and arrogant behavior together with an overwhelming need for admiration and a lack of empathy for (and even exploitation of) others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002613 biolink:NamedThing histrionic personality disorder A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of excessively intense and superficial emotionality, attention seeking behavior, seductive appearance and speech, self dramatization and/or theatrical behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006652 biolink:NamedThing anterolateral myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction in which the anterior wall of the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or anterolateral wall myocardial infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001091 biolink:NamedThing lipoma of colon A benign adipose tissue neoplasm originating in the colon. It is the second most common benign lesion of the colon after benign adenomatous polyps. Older patients are more likely to be affected, and most lesions are located at the right side of large bowel. Colon lipomas may lead to intestinal obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002278 biolink:NamedThing benign colon neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the wall of the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001092 biolink:NamedThing colon leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the colon. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003884 biolink:NamedThing lipoma of the rectum A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004125 biolink:NamedThing rectum leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the rectum. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002013 biolink:NamedThing lymphangioma A benign lesion composed of dilated lymphatic channels. Painless swelling is the usual clinical manifestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002262 biolink:NamedThing capillary lymphangioma A lymphangioma that involves the capillary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006841 biolink:NamedThing lymphangioendothelioma A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of collagen bundle formation. It has an indolent clinical course and may be associated with skin plaques. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015408 biolink:NamedThing diffuse lymphatic malformation A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by multifocal dilated lymphatic vessels involving multiple organs and tissues. Patients mostly present in infancy and childhood. Clinical course and prognosis depend on the affected sites and extent of the condition, deterioration of lung function being a major cause of morbidity and mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018720 biolink:NamedThing common cystic lymphatic malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018735 biolink:NamedThing multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis-thrombocytopenia syndrome Human MALT1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 18q21 and is approximately 79 kb in length. This allele, which encodes mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation gene 1 protein, plays a role in the modulation of the nuclear factor kappa B complex signaling cascade. The gene is involved in a chromosomal translocation t(11;18)(q21;q21) with the BIRC2 gene in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024673 biolink:NamedThing skin lymphangioma A lymphangioma arising from the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001094 biolink:NamedThing residual stage of open angle glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006837 biolink:NamedThing low tension glaucoma A form of glaucoma in which chronic optic nerve damage and loss of vision normally attributable to buildup of intraocular pressure occurs despite prevailing conditions of normal intraocular pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008328 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, P DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013134 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, O Any open-angle glaucoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NTF4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020367 biolink:NamedThing juvenile open angle glaucoma Juvenile glaucoma (JG) is a rare autosomal dominant open angle glaucoma, characterized by early onset, severe elevation of intra ocular pressure of rapid progression, leading to optic nerve excavation and, when untreated, substantial visual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003098 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal neural neoplasm A neurogenic tumor that arises from the mediastinum. Neural tumors are the most common tumors that arise from the posterior mediastinum. Representative examples include Schwannoma, neurofibroma, and neuroblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001426 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum neurofibroma A neurofibroma that arises from the posterior mediastinum. Excision is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003097 biolink:NamedThing childhood mediastinal neurogenic neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004398 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal schwannoma A schwannoma that arises from the posterior mediastinum. It is the most common neurogenic tumor of the mediastinum. Excision is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021577 biolink:NamedThing malignant mediastinal neural neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005843 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the mediastinum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002972 biolink:NamedThing posterior mediastinum cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the posterior mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037743 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal soft tissue cancer A malignant neoplasm that arises from the soft tissues of the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002433 biolink:NamedThing malignant cranial nerve neoplasm Abnormal malignant growth of the cells that comprise the cranial nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003303 biolink:NamedThing neurofibroma of gallbladder A non-metastasizing encapsulated neoplasm arising from nerves in the gallbladder. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of fibroblasts and Schwann cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004477 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland ganglioneuroblastoma A ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the adrenal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004752 biolink:NamedThing neurofibroma of the heart A rare neurofibroma that affects the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016751 biolink:NamedThing malignant perineurioma A very rare malignant tumor with morphologic features similar to those of benign perineurioma of soft tissue along with hypercellularity, nuclear atypia, hyperchromasia, and a high mitotic rate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017827 biolink:NamedThing malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare and often aggressive soft tissue sarcoma occurring in a wide range of anatomical sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035136 biolink:NamedThing isolated melanotic schwannoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037738 biolink:NamedThing cauda equina cancer A cancer that involves the cauda equina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001096 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum ganglioneuroblastoma A ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003327 biolink:NamedThing peripheral ganglioneuroblastoma A ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the peripheral nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001098 biolink:NamedThing separation anxiety disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent excessive distress due to fear of separation from the home or from major attachment figures; the distress is developmentally inappropriate and causes impairment in social, academic, or other areas of functioning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001942 biolink:NamedThing generalized anxiety disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive and difficult-to-control worry about a number of life situations. The worry is accompanied by restlessness, fatigue, inability to concentrate, irritability, muscle tension, and/or sleep disturbance and lasts for at least 6 months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003699 biolink:NamedThing phobic disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear of an object, activity, or situation. The individual seeks to avoid the object, activity, or situation. In adults, the individual recognizes that the fear is excessive or unreasonable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005379 biolink:NamedThing neurotic disorder A form of functional mental illness that manifests in distressed emotional reactions such as anxiety, obsessive thoughts, compulsive behaviors, or irrational fears. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005383 biolink:NamedThing panic disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by multiple unexpected panic attacks with persistent concern of recurring attacks. Panic disorder may or may not be accompanied by agoraphobia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005671 biolink:NamedThing Blastocystis infectious disease Infections with organisms of the genus blastocystis. The species B. hominis is responsible for most infections. Parasitologic surveys have generally found small numbers of this species in human stools, but higher positivity rates and organism numbers in aids patients and other immunosuppressed patients (immunocompromised host). Symptoms include abdominal pain; diarrhea; constipation; vomiting; and fatigue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015474 biolink:NamedThing cryptosporidiosis Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus Cryptosporidium. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms include severe diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001104 biolink:NamedThing toxic diffuse goiter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004425 biolink:NamedThing hyperthyroidism Overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormone and increased metabolic rate. Causes include diffuse hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (Graves' disease), single nodule in the thyroid gland, and thyroiditis. The symptoms are related to the increased metabolic rate and include weight loss, fatigue, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, diarrhea, tachycardia, insomnia, muscle weakness, and tremor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001252 biolink:NamedThing Plummer disease Nodular enlargement of the thyroid gland associated with hyperthyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006996 biolink:NamedThing thyroid crisis Acute onset of severe, life-threatening hyperthyroidism caused by a sudden release of excessive thyroid hormone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007784 biolink:NamedThing selective pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone Pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone is a rare, genetic thyroid disease, due to reduced pituitary gland responsiveness to thyroid hormone, characterized by mild to moderate hyperthyroidism in association with elevated circulating thyroid hormone levels, normal or elevated thyroid stimulating hormone, and no abnormalities of the pituitary gland on MRI. Patients present with diffuse large goiter, tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, weight loss and/or heat intolerance/perspiration, but no exophthalmos or anterior tibial mixedema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009043 biolink:NamedThing generalized resistance to thyroid hormone A thyroid hormone resistance syndrome characterized by resistance in the pituitary gland and in most or all of the peripheral tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001105 biolink:NamedThing renal hypertension Hypertension caused by the kidney's hormonal response to narrowing or occlusion of the renal arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001200 biolink:NamedThing secondary hypertension High blood pressure caused by an underlying medical condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001646 biolink:NamedThing benign secondary hypertension Mild to moderate high blood pressure that is caused by an underlying medical condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005240 biolink:NamedThing kidney disorder A disease involving the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001343 biolink:NamedThing impaired renal function disease Any disease in which the causes of the disease is a perturbation of the kidney leading to its dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001567 biolink:NamedThing nephrocalcinosis Nephrocalcinosis is a disorder that occurs when too much calcium is deposited in the kidneys. It commonly occurs in premature infants. Individuals may not have symptoms or may have symptoms related to thecondition causing nephrocalcinosis. If kidney stones are present, symptoms may include blood in the urine, fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, and severe pain in the belly area, sides of the back (flank), groin, or testicles. Later symptoms may be associated with chronic kidney failure. It may be caused by use of certain medications or supplements, infection, or any condition that leads to high levels of calcium in the blood or urine including hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis, Alport syndrome, Bartter syndrome,and a variety of other conditions. Some of the underlying disorders that can cause nephrocalcinosis are genetic, with the inheritance pattern depending on the specific disorder. Treatment differs depending on the cause of nephrocalcinosis and often aims to prevent more calcium from being deposited in the kidneys. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002004 biolink:NamedThing atheroembolism of kidney A cholesterol embolism that involves the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002331 biolink:NamedThing nephrosis Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002473 biolink:NamedThing cystic kidney disease A congenital or acquired kidney disorder characterized by the presence of renal cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002476 biolink:NamedThing anuria Absence of urine output. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002674 biolink:NamedThing stricture or kinking of ureter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003634 biolink:NamedThing proteinuria The presence of abnormal amounts of protein in the urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004369 biolink:NamedThing renal infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004782 biolink:NamedThing diabetes insipidus A disorder characterized by excretion of large amounts of urine, accompanied by excessive thirst. Causes include deficiency of antidiuretic hormone or failure of the kidneys to respond to antidiuretic hormone. It may also be drug-related. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004838 biolink:NamedThing orthostatic proteinuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004841 biolink:NamedThing kidney hypertrophy Global enlargement of the renal parenchyma in one or both kidneys. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005300 biolink:NamedThing chronic kidney disease Impairment of the renal function secondary to chronic kidney damage persisting for three or more months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005510 biolink:NamedThing hydronephrosis Collection of urine in the renal pelvis that results in dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces. It is caused by obstruction of urine flow, nephrolithiasis, or vesicoureteral reflux. Signs and symptoms include flank pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and dysuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006820 biolink:NamedThing kidney cortex necrosis Death of cells in the kidney cortex, a common final result of various renal injuries including hypoxia; ischemia; and drug toxicity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006821 biolink:NamedThing kidney papillary necrosis A complication of kidney diseases characterized by cell death involving kidney papilla in the kidney medulla. Damages to this area may hinder the kidney to concentrate urine resulting in polyuria. Sloughed off necrotic tissue may block kidney pelvis or ureter. Necrosis of multiple renal papillae can lead to kidney failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006944 biolink:NamedThing renal aminoaciduria A group of inherited kidney disorders characterized by the abnormally elevated levels of amino acids in urine. Genetic mutations of transport proteins result in the defective reabsorption of free amino acids at the proximal renal tubules. Renal aminoaciduria are classified by the specific amino acid or acids involved. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008171 biolink:NamedThing nephrolithiasis The presence of a calculus in the pelvis of the kidney; this is most often composed of mineral salts and proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009724 biolink:NamedThing nail-patella-like renal disease A severe nephropathy characterised by renal dysfunction, proteinuria, oedema and microscopic haematuria. It has been described in three brothers, two of which died from end-stage renal insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017919 biolink:NamedThing exstrophy-epispadias complex A spectrum of genitourinary malformations ranging in severity from epispadias (E) and classical bladder exstrophy (CEB) to exstrophy of the cloaca (EC) as the most severe form. Depending on severity, the EEC may involve the urinary system, the musculoskeletal system, the pelvis, the pelvic floor, the abdominal wall, the genitalia and sometimes the spine and the anus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018559 biolink:NamedThing fetal lower urinary tract obstruction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019105 biolink:NamedThing renal nutcracker syndrome A rare, syndromic renal disease characterized by the entrapment of left renal vein (LRV) between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the abdominal aorta, resulting in increased luminal pressure, renal hilar varices, hematuria and, at the microscopic level, rupture of thin-walled veins into the collecting system in renal fornices. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019720 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic renal or urinary tract malformation A renal or urinary tract malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021163 biolink:NamedThing kidney neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the kidney. Representative examples of benign renal neoplasms include fibroma, lipoma, oncocytoma, and juxtaglomerular cell tumor. Representative examples of malignant renal neoplasms include renal cell carcinoma, renal pelvis carcinoma, Wilms tumor, rhabdoid tumor, sarcoma, and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021750 biolink:NamedThing pyonephrosis Pus within the collecting system of the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023551 biolink:NamedThing C1q nephropathy C1q nephropathy is a kidney disease in which a large amount of protein is lost in the urine. It is one of the many diseases that can cause the nephrotic syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034110 biolink:NamedThing atypical Fanconi syndrome-neonatal hyperinsulinism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035763 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic non-lupus full-house nephropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043112 biolink:NamedThing lachiewicz sibley syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043549 biolink:NamedThing crush syndrome A medical condition characterized by major shock and renal failure after a crushing injury to skeletal muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056796 biolink:NamedThing obstructive nephropathy Renal damage and impaired renal function secondary to urinary tract obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100110 biolink:NamedThing adenovirus renal infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800337 biolink:NamedThing acute tubulointerstitial nephritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850089 biolink:NamedThing Gitelman-like kidney tubulopathy due to mitochondrial DNA mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001108 biolink:NamedThing broad ligament malignant neoplasm A malignant neoplasm involving the broad ligament of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001352 biolink:NamedThing round ligament malignant neoplasm A malignant neoplasm involving the round ligament of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002403 biolink:NamedThing synovium cancer A cancer that involves the layer of synovial tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003612 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the uterine ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001351 biolink:NamedThing uterine adnexa cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045043 biolink:NamedThing disorder of uterine broad ligament A disease or disorder that involves the broad ligament of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009813 biolink:NamedThing chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis Chronic non bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), also known as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), is a chronic autoinflammatory syndrome that is characterized by multiple foci of painful swelling of bones, mainly in the metaphyses of the long bones, in addition to the pelvis, the shoulder girdle and the spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003452 biolink:NamedThing cochlear disorder Pathological processes of the snail-like structure (cochlea) of the inner ear (labyrinth) which can involve its nervous tissue, blood vessels, or fluid (endolymph). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001110 biolink:NamedThing chronic pyelonephritis Persistent pyelonephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001184 biolink:NamedThing chronic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis Chronic form of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004375 biolink:NamedThing end stage renal failure Long-standing and persistent renal disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 15 ml/min. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024327 biolink:NamedThing chronic renal failure syndrome Impairment of the renal function due to chronic kidney damage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006939 biolink:NamedThing pyelonephritis An inflammatory process affecting the kidney. The cause is most often bacterial, but may also be fungal in nature. Signs and symptoms may include fever, chills, flank pain, painful and frequent urination, cloudy or bloody urine, and confusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001113 biolink:NamedThing Fiedler's myocarditis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004496 biolink:NamedThing myocarditis Myocarditis is a condition that is characterized by inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium). Some affected people have no noticeable symptoms of the condition. When present, signs and symptoms may include chest pain, abnormal heartbeat, shortness of breath, fatigue, signs of infection (i.e. fever, headache, sore throat, diarrhea), and leg swelling. Myocarditis can be caused by a variety of factors including infections (viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal), allergic reactions to certain medications, and exposure to certain chemicals. It can also be associated with other inflammatory conditions such as lupus, Wegener's granulomatosis, giant cell arteritis and Takayasu's arteritis. Most cases occur sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. Treatment aims to address the underlying cause of the condition. Medications and rarely, a heart transplant may be needed if the heart muscle becomes weak. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001114 biolink:NamedThing bacterial myocarditis Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004485 biolink:NamedThing interstitial myocarditis Inflammation of the heart characterized by infiltration of the interstitial tissues by inflammatory cells, histiocytes, and the formation of granulomas. Giant cells are often present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004582 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic myocarditis Inflammation of the myocardium in acute rheumatic heart disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022519 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune myocarditis Autoimmune myocarditis is an autoimmune disease that affects the heart. The condition is characterized by inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium). Some people with autoimmune myocarditis have no noticeable symptoms of the condition. When present, signs and symptoms may include chest pain, abnormal heartbeat, shortness of breath, fatigue, signs of infection (i.e. fever, headache, sore throat, diarrhea), and leg swelling. The exact underlying cause of the condition is currently unknown; however, autoimmune conditions, in general, occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. In some cases, medications that suppress the immune system may be recommended. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023161 biolink:NamedThing viral myocarditis Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001238 biolink:NamedThing polycythemia neonatorum A condition in which the red blood cell level is greater than established reference ranges in a newborn. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002438 biolink:NamedThing acquired polycythemia An instance of polycythemia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004563 biolink:NamedThing physiological polycythemia Polycythemia that is not pathologic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009891 biolink:NamedThing acquired polycythemia vera Polycythemia vera (PV) is an acquired myeloproliferative disorder characterized by an elevated absolute red blood cell mass caused by uncontrolled red blood cell production, frequently associated with uncontrolled white blood cell and platelet production. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020115 biolink:NamedThing secondary polycythemia Secondary polycythemia is an elevated absolute red blood cell mass caused by enhanced stimulation of red blood cell production by an otherwise normal erythroid lineage that may be congenital or acquired (congenital secondary polycythemia and acquired secondary polycythemia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001116 biolink:NamedThing mesenteric lymphadenitis Inflammation of the mesenteric lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003067 biolink:NamedThing cervical lymphadenitis Inflammation of the cervical lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003068 biolink:NamedThing postauricular lymphadenitis Inflammation of the postauricular lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003069 biolink:NamedThing suppurative lymphadenitis A form of lymphadenitis that is characterized by formation of pus; it is most often caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003070 biolink:NamedThing axillary lymphadenitis An infection of the lymph nodes in the axilla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006969 biolink:NamedThing sialadenitis Sialadenitis is an infection of the salivary glands. It is usually caused by a virus or bacteria. The parotid (in front ofthe ear) and submandibular (under the chin) glands are most commonly affected. Sialadenitis may be associated with pain, tenderness, redness, and gradual, localized swelling of the affected area. Sialadenitis most commonly affects the elderly and chronically ill especially those with dry mouth or who are dehydrated, but can also affected people of any age including newborn babies. Diagnosis is usually made by clinical exam but a CT scan, MRI scan or ultrasound may be done if the doctor suspects an abscess or to look for stones. Treatment may include an antibiotic (if bacterial), warm compresses, increasing fluid intake and good oral hygiene. Most salivary gland infections go away on their own or are cured with treatment. Complications are not common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012727 biolink:NamedThing mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome Kawasaki disease (KD) is a febrile, systemic, self-limiting vasculitis affecting children and characterized by inflammation in the medium sized vessels associated with coronary arterial aneurysms (CAA) that may be life threatening when untreated. KD is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries and is a risk factor for ischemic heart disease in adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018864 biolink:NamedThing Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign and self-limited disorder, characterized by regional cervical lymphadenopathy with tenderness, usually accompanied with mild fever and night sweats. Less frequent symptoms include weight loss, nausea, vomiting, sore throat. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001117 biolink:NamedThing methemoglobinemia An inherited or acquired condition characterized by abnormally increased levels of methemoglobin in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044348 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006988 biolink:NamedThing sulfhemoglobinemia A morbid condition due to the presence of sulfmethemoglobin in the blood. It is marked by persistent cyanosis, but the blood count does not reveal any special abnormality in the blood. It is thought to be caused by the action of hydrogen sulfide absorbed from the intestine. (Stedman, 25th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044349 biolink:NamedThing acquired hemoglobinopathy An instance of hemoglobinopathy that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001119 biolink:NamedThing premature menopause Cessation of menstruation before the age of 40. Symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and decreased sex drive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001889 biolink:NamedThing ovarian dysfunction The inability of the ovaries to function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005387 biolink:NamedThing primary ovarian failure Absent or premature cessation of ovarian function due to a pathologic process originating within the ovaries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019851 biolink:NamedThing acquired primary ovarian failure An instance of primary ovarian failure that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044338 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune primary ovarian failure An autoimmune form of primary ovarian failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001120 biolink:NamedThing chronic frontal sinusitis Inflammation of the frontal sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001121 biolink:NamedThing frontal sinusitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006031 biolink:NamedThing chronic rhinosinusitis Chronic form of sinusitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001122 biolink:NamedThing chronic maxillary sinusitis Inflammation of the maxillary sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001123 biolink:NamedThing chronic sphenoidal sinusitis Inflammation of the sphenoid sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004757 biolink:NamedThing chronic ethmoidal sinusitis Inflammation of the ethmoid sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001126 biolink:NamedThing gastric ulcer An ulcerated lesion in the mucosal surface of the stomach. It may progress to involve the deeper layers of the gastric wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001155 biolink:NamedThing gastrojejunal ulcer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004242 biolink:NamedThing active peptic ulcer disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004260 biolink:NamedThing peptic ulcer perforation Penetration of a peptic ulcer through the wall of duodenum or stomach allowing the leakage of luminal contents into the peritoneal cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005412 biolink:NamedThing duodenal ulcer An ulcer in the duodenal wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006896 biolink:NamedThing peptic esophagitis Inflammation of the esophagus that is caused by the reflux of gastric juice with contents of the stomach and duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001318 biolink:NamedThing functional gastric disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001427 biolink:NamedThing Dieulafoy lesion Dieulafoy lesion is an abnormally large artery (a vessel that takes blood from the heart to other areas of the body) in the lining of the gastrointestinal system. It is most common in the stomach but can occur in other locations, including the small and large intestine. Dieulafoy lesions can cause severe and sudden gastrointestinal bleeding. The condition occurs in people of all ages, but is more common in males than in females.Depending upon the site of the bleeding, symptoms may include vomiting up blood (hematemesis); sticky, dark-colored stools (melena); passage of fresh blood in the stool (hematochezia); or coughing up blood (hemoptysis). Some affected individuals may only present with blood pressure problems. Treatment may include endoscopic and/or surgical techniques. Though treatment can be effective, Dieulafoy lesions and the associated blood loss can be fatal, especially if not diagnosed and treated promptly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001428 biolink:NamedThing pylorospasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001469 biolink:NamedThing cascade stomach DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001561 biolink:NamedThing pyloric stenosis Narrowing of the pyloric lumen caused either by hypertrophy of the surrounding muscles or tissue scarring due to a chronic peptic ulcer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002569 biolink:NamedThing gastric dilatation Abnormal distention of the stomach due to accumulation of gastric contents that may reach 10 to 15 liters. Gastric dilatation may be the result of gastric outlet obstruction; ileus; gastroparesis; or denervation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002839 biolink:NamedThing leather-bottle stomach A cancer-related condition in which the gastric wall becomes thickened and rubbery (leather-bottle stomach). It is most often associated with diffuse gastric adenocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002976 biolink:NamedThing stomach diverticulosis A pathological condition characterized by the presence of a number of gastric diverticula in the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007721 biolink:NamedThing hiatus hernia Herniation of the upper part of the stomach through the diaphragm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008277 biolink:NamedThing stomach polyp A polyp that arises from the stomach. This category includes neoplastic polyps (intestinal-type adenomatous polyps, gastric-type adenomas, and fundic gland polyps), and non-neoplastic polyps (hyperplastic polyps and hamartomatous polyps). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024310 biolink:NamedThing angiodysplasia of stomach A angiodysplasia that involves the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043465 biolink:NamedThing achlorhydria Absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001128 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the nasal cavity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001407 biolink:NamedThing tracheal cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the trachea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008903 biolink:NamedThing lung cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018761 biolink:NamedThing SMARCA4-deficient sarcoma of thorax DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002236 biolink:NamedThing ocular cancer A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the structures of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003277 biolink:NamedThing malignant ear neoplasm A malignant neoplasm that affects the ear. Representative examples include ceruminous adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the external ear and adenocarcinoma of the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024649 biolink:NamedThing optic tract astrocytoma An astrocytoma that affects the optic tract. This condition can be seen in association with neurofibromatosis 1. It is most commonly seen in the pediatric age group. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004756 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the nasal cavity. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003065 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity inverting papilloma A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal cavity. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and anosmia. It has the tendency to recur and extend to adjacent structures. Inverted papillomas are occasionally associated with the development or presence of carcinomas, usually squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002038 biolink:NamedThing head and neck carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the head and neck region. Representative examples include oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022454 biolink:NamedThing angiosarcoma of the scalp Angiosarcoma of the scalp is a rare cancer which most commonly affects the elderly. This condition is characterized by bruise-like lesions that escalate to elevated, nodular, or ulcerated tumors. Extensive local growth is common and metastasis to regional lymph nodes and to the lungs may occur. The cause of angiosarcoma of the scalp is unknown, although several associations have been reported, including lymphedema, prior radiation treatment, and environmental exposures. Treatment may include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001129 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity olfactory neuroblastoma An olfactory neuroblastoma arising in the nasal cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003212 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the nasal cavity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001134 biolink:NamedThing essential hypertension Hypertension that presents without an identifiable cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001151 biolink:NamedThing benign essential hypertension A condition of mild to moderate high blood pressure that has no identifiable cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005044 biolink:NamedThing hypertensive disorder Persistently high systemic arterial blood pressure. Based on multiple readings (blood pressure determination), hypertension is currently defined as when systolic pressure is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when diastolic pressure is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005149 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension Increased pressure within the pulmonary circulation due to lung or heart disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005430 biolink:NamedThing early onset hypertension A form of hypertension with early onset relative to normal range for a given population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005585 biolink:NamedThing chemotherapy-induced hypertension A form of hypertension that occurs as a direct result of chemotherapy treatment DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023530 biolink:NamedThing kallikrein hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100078 biolink:NamedThing resistant hypertension A severe medical condition which is estimated to appear in 9-18% of hypertensive patients, in which treatement with 3 or more antihypertensive drugs including diuretics are ineffective. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001136 biolink:NamedThing chylocele of tunica vaginalis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001415 biolink:NamedThing atrophy of testis Loss of testicular volume. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003279 biolink:NamedThing testicular infarct Ischemic necrosis of the testis usually caused by torsion of the spermatic cord, trauma, or severe epididymo-orchitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005437 biolink:NamedThing testicular dysgenesis syndrome A syndrome comprising testicular germ cell cancer, cryptorchidism and some cases of hypospadias and male infertility with impaired development of the testis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001141 biolink:NamedThing middle ear cholesterol granuloma As accumulation of granulation tissue in the middle ear that results from the degeneration of blood and a chronic inflammatory response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001212 biolink:NamedThing non-suppurative otitis media A otitis media which involves transudation of fluid in the middle ear without pus formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021204 biolink:NamedThing chronic otitis media Chronic form of otitis media (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024330 biolink:NamedThing infectious otitis media Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the middle ear secondary to an infectious process. Bacterial etiology is most common, but both viral and fungal pathogens are also possible. Symptoms include erythema and edema of the tympanic membrane, pain, and possibly fever. In severe infections, inflammation and edema of the structures of the middle ear can lead to perforation of the tympanic membrane secondary to the buildup of pressure in the narrow space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024616 biolink:NamedThing tympanitis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the tympanic membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001143 biolink:NamedThing paralytic strabismus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003432 biolink:NamedThing strabismus Strabismus is the intermittent or constant misalignment of an eye so that its line of vision is not pointed at the same object as the other eye. Strabismus is caused by an imbalance in the extraocular muscles which control the positioning of the eyes. Strabismus is normal in newborns but should resolve by the time the baby is 6 months old. In older children with strabismus, the brain may learn to ignore the input from one eye, and this may lead to amblyopia, a potentially permanent decrease in vision in that eye if not corrected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001286 biolink:NamedThing exotropia A form of strabismus in which the eyes are deviated laterally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001527 biolink:NamedThing conjugate gaze palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002152 biolink:NamedThing intermittent squint DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003417 biolink:NamedThing internuclear ophthalmoplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004753 biolink:NamedThing mechanical strabismus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004893 biolink:NamedThing hypertropia Vertical strabismus in which there is permanent upward deviation of the visual axis of one eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004894 biolink:NamedThing cyclotropia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004897 biolink:NamedThing hypotropia Vertical strabismus in which there is permanent downward deviation of the visual axis of one eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004899 biolink:NamedThing monofixation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001144 biolink:NamedThing partial third-nerve palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001309 biolink:NamedThing oculomotor nerve paralysis Paralysis of the oculomotor nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001145 biolink:NamedThing total third-nerve palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001211 biolink:NamedThing total internal ophthalmoplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015083 biolink:NamedThing nuclear oculomotor paralysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020257 biolink:NamedThing supranuclear oculomotor palsy Oculomotor palsy that arises from lesions in the supranuclear pathways controlling extraocular movement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001146 biolink:NamedThing fourth cranial nerve palsy A cranial nerve palsy that involves the trochlear nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002782 biolink:NamedThing cranial nerve palsy Injury to any of the cranial nerves or their nuclei in the brain resulting in muscle weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001819 biolink:NamedThing multiple cranial nerve palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002781 biolink:NamedThing glossopharyngeal nerve paralysis Paralysis of the glossopharyngeal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005665 biolink:NamedThing Bell's palsy Partial or complete paralysis of the facial muscles of one side of a person's face. It is caused by damage to the seventh cranial nerve. It is usually temporary but it may recur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007033 biolink:NamedThing abducens nerve palsy Paralysis of the abducens nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002642 biolink:NamedThing trochlear nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a trochlear nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001148 biolink:NamedThing iliac vein thrombophlebitis A thrombophlebitis that involves the iliac vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002800 biolink:NamedThing thrombophlebitis Inflammation of the veins associated with the presence of a thrombus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001481 biolink:NamedThing femoral vein thrombophlebitis A thrombophlebitis that involves the femoral vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001954 biolink:NamedThing thrombophlebitis migrans A thrombophlebitis that is characterized by repeated occurances of thrombophlebitis in different locations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016054 biolink:NamedThing cerebral malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008811 biolink:NamedThing XK aprosencephaly XK aprosencephaly is a very rare syndromic type of cerebral malformation characterized by aprosencephaly (absence of telencephalon and diencephalon), oculo-facial anomalies (i.e. ocular hypotelorism or cyclopia, malformation/absence of nasal structures, cleft lip), preaxial limb defects (i.e. hypoplastic hands, absent halluces) and various other anomalies including ambiguous genitalia, imperforate anus, and vertebral anomalies. The syndrome is thought to have an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012462 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive frontotemporal pachygyria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013583 biolink:NamedThing occipital pachygyria and polymicrogyria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015660 biolink:NamedThing sporadic fetal brain disruption sequence Sporadic fetal brain disruption sequence is a rare, non-syndromic, central nervous system malformation disorder characterized by severe microcephaly (average occipitofrontal circumference -5.8 SD), overlapping sutures, keel-like occipital bone prominence, scalp rugae with normal hair pattern and signs of neurological impairment. Brain imaging may show ventriculomegaly, cortical tissue deficit, and hydranencephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016608 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly A congenital abnormality in which the occipitofrontal circumference is greater than two standard deviations above the mean for a given age. It is associated with hydrocephalus; subdural effusion; arachnoid cysts; or is part of a genetic condition (e.g., alexander disease; sotos syndrome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017090 biolink:NamedThing midline cerebral malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017094 biolink:NamedThing cerebral cortical dysplasia Abnormalities in the development of the cerebral cortex. These include malformations arising from abnormal neuronal and glial cell proliferation or apoptosis (Group I); abnormal neuronal migration (Group ii); and abnormal establishment of cortical organization (Group iii). Many inborn metabolic brain disorders affecting cns formation are often associated with cortical malformations. They are common causes of epilepsy and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017103 biolink:NamedThing encephaloclastic disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017868 biolink:NamedThing diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia Diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic cerebral malformation characterized by severe intellectual disability, progressive postnatal microcephaly, axial hypotonia, spastic quadriparesis, seizures and facial dysmorphism (bushy eyebrows, hairy forehead, broad nasal root, long flat philtrum, V-shaped upper lip). Additionaly, talipes equinovarus, non-obstructive cardiomyopathy, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, obstructive hydrocephalus and autistic features may also be associated. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, the 'butterfly sign' is characterisitcally observed and cortical calcifications, agenesis of the corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, brainstem dysplasia and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia have also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018430 biolink:NamedThing partial corpus callosum agenesis-cerebellar vermis hypoplasia with posterior fossa cysts syndrome A rare, hereditary, cerebral malformation with epilepsy syndrome characterized by severe global developmental delay with no ability to walk and no verbal language, intractable epilepsy, partial agenesis of the corpus callosum and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia with posterior fossa cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019484 biolink:NamedThing hypothalamic hamartomas with gelastic seizures A rare cerebral malformation with epilepsy syndrome characterized by early-onset gelastic (i.e. ictal laughter) or dacrystic (i.e., ictal crying) seizures due to non-neoplastic developmental malformation - hypothalamic hamartomas. In many patients, seizures progress to other seizure types including focal and generalized seizures, with concomitant cognitive decline and behavioral disorders. Some patients also present a precocious puberty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020492 biolink:NamedThing hemimegalencephaly Hemimegalencephaly is a rare cerebral malformation characterized by overgrowth of all or part of a cerebral hemisphere, often with ipsilateral severe cortical dysplasia or dysgenesis, white matter hypertrophy and dilated lateral ventricle, presenting in early infancy with progressive hemiparesis, severe psychomotor retardation and intractable seizures. Hemimegalencephaly may be an isolated finding or associated with other syndromes such as angioosteohypertrophic syndrome, epidermal nevus syndrome and Ito hypomelanosis. Management includes seizure control by antiepileptic medications and early hemispherectomy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035449 biolink:NamedThing atelencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035450 biolink:NamedThing aprosencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700092 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder A behavioral and cognitive disorder with onset during the developmental period that involves impaired or aberrant development of intellectual, motor, or social functions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014224 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay with autism spectrum disorder and gait instability Developmental delay with autism spectrum disorder and gait instability is a rare, genetic, neurological disorder characterized by infant hypotonia and feeding difficulties, global development delay, mild to moderated intellectual disability, delayed independent ambulation, broad-based gait with arms upheld and flexed at the elbow with brisk walking or running, and limited language skills. Behavior patterns are highly variable and range from sociable and affectionate to autistic behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014805 biolink:NamedThing Hao-Fountain syndrome A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, variably impaired intellectual development with significant speech delay, behavioral abnormalities, such as autism, and mild dysmorphic facies. Additional features are variable, but may include hypotonia, feeding problems, delayed walking with unsteady gait, hypogonadism in males, and ocular anomalies, such as strabismus. Some patients develop seizures and some have mild white matter abnormalities on brain imaging. The cause of the disease is a mutation in the USP7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016016 biolink:NamedThing toluene embryopathy Toluene embryopathy is a neurodevelopmental teratologic syndrome due to prenatal exposure to toluene. The disease is characterized by prematurity, low birth weight, dysmorphic features (short palpebral fissures, deep set eyes, low set ears, mid-facial hypoplasia, flat nasal bridge, thin upper lip, micrognathia, spatulate fingertips and small fingernails), central nervous system dysfunctions (intellectual disability, microcephaly, language impairment, hyperactivity, visual dysfunction) and postnatal growth delay. Prenatal exposure to toluene occurs as a result of incidental occupational exposure or solvent abuse during pregnancy. The features of toluene embryopathy often overlap with those seen in fetal alcohol syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016210 biolink:NamedThing alternating hemiplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017746 biolink:NamedThing atypical Rett syndrome A neurodevelopmental disorder that is diagnosed when a child presents with a Rett-like syndrome but does not fulfill all the diagnostic criteria for typical Rett syndrome (classic/typical RTT). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032566 biolink:NamedThing squalene synthase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035774 biolink:NamedThing NRXN1-related severe neurodevelopmental disorder-motor stereotypies-chronic constipation-sleep-wake cycle disturbance A rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability and absence of expressive language. Muscular hypotonia, seizures, autistic behavior and stereotypic movements are common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044318 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with gastrointestinal difficulties and high pain threshold IDDGIP is an autosomal dominant syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability with speech delay, and behavioral abnormalities. Most patients have variable additional features, including feeding and gastrointestinal difficulties, high pain threshold and/or hypersensitivity to sound, and dysmorphic features, including mild facial abnormalities, strabismus, and small hands and feet (summary by {1:Jansen et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044326 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay and seizures with or without movement abnormalities DEDSM is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, variable intellectual disability, and early-onset seizures with a myoclonic component. Most patients have delayed motor development and show abnormal movements, including ataxia, dystonia, and tremor (summary by {1:Hamdan et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100485 biolink:NamedThing KCNH1 associated disorder Any neurodevelopmental disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNH1 gene. Variants in KCNH1 cause significant neurodevelopmental disabilities that lie along a phenotypic spectrum ranging from non-syndromic to syndromic. The most common phenotypes associated with variants in KCNH1 include intellectual disability, seizures, hypotonia, absence or hypoplasia of nails, and gingival enlargement. Hypoplastic terminal phalanges of fingers and toes, proximal placement and long thumb, and long toes present less frequently. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100503 biolink:NamedThing DPH5-related diphthamide-deficiency syndrome A neurodevelopmental disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DPH5 gene, which is characterized by craniofacial dysmorphology, profound neurodevelopmental delay, multisystem abnormalities, and miscarriages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001152 biolink:NamedThing amnestic disorder Systematic and extensive loss of memory caused by organic or psychological factors. The loss may be temporary or permanent, and may involve old or recent memories. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001627 biolink:NamedThing dementia Loss of intellectual abilities interfering with an individual's social and occupational functions. Causes include Alzheimer's disease, brain injuries, brain tumors, and vascular disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045057 biolink:NamedThing delirium A disorder characterized by confusion; inattentiveness; disorientation; illusions; hallucinations; agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001153 biolink:NamedThing gender dysphoria A marked difference between the individual's expressed/experienced gender and the gender others would assign him or her, and it must continue for at least six months. (from DSM-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001693 biolink:NamedThing ego-dystonic sexual orientation A gender identity disorder that is characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001159 biolink:NamedThing multiple personality disorder A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more identities with distinct patterns of perception and personality which recurrently take control of the person's behavior; this is accompanied by a retrospective gap in memory of important personal information that far exceeds ordinary forgetfulness. The changes in identity are not due to substance use or to a general medical condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001185 biolink:NamedThing dissociative amnesia A disorder characterized by a retrospective gap in memory of important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature; the memory loss far exceeds ordinary forgetfulness and is not the result of substance use or the consequence of a medical condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001186 biolink:NamedThing depersonalization disorder A disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent episodes of feeling detached from one's self (either one's body or one's mental processes), although the sufferer remains aware that this is only a feeling and does not represent reality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001167 biolink:NamedThing spastic diplegia A type of cerebral palsy characterized by spasticity and hypertonia of the lower extremities bilaterally, particularly the legs, hips, and pelvis; this is the most common (70%) form of cerebral palsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001168 biolink:NamedThing spastic hemiplegia A type of spastic cerebral palsy characterized by increased muscle tone of the arm and leg on the same side of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001169 biolink:NamedThing spastic monoplegia A spastic cerebral palsy that affects only one limb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001170 biolink:NamedThing hemiplegia Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body. This condition is usually caused by brain diseases that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite to the side of weakness. Less frequently, brain stem lesions; cervical spinal cord diseases; peripheral nervous system diseases; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The term hemiparesis (see paresis) refers to mild to moderate weakness involving one side of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001590 biolink:NamedThing quadriplegia Paralysis of all four limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001835 biolink:NamedThing facial paralysis Severe or complete loss of facial muscle motor function. This condition may result from central or peripheral lesions. Damage to CNS motor pathways from the cerebral cortex to the facial nuclei in the pons leads to facial weakness that generally spares the forehead muscles. facial nerve diseases generally results in generalized hemifacial weakness. neuromuscular junction diseases and muscular diseases may also cause facial paralysis or paresis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003425 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmoplegia Weakness or paralysis of at least one of the muscles controlling the movement of the eye. It results from degeneration of the muscles or the neural pathways involved in the eye movement. Representative disorders causing ophthalmoplegia include ocular myopathies and multiple sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003757 biolink:NamedThing paraplegia Complete paralysis of the lower half of the body including both legs, often caused by damage to the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023054 biolink:NamedThing klumpke's paralysis Klumpke paralysis is a type of brachial palsy in newborns. Signs and symptoms include weakness and loss of movement of the arm and hand. Some babies experience drooping of the eyelid on the opposite side of the face as well. This symptom may also be referred to as Horner syndrome. Klumpke paralysis is caused by an injury to the nerves of the brachial plexus which may result from a difficult delivery. This injury can cause a stretching (neuropraxia), tearing (called avulsion when the tear is at the spine, and rupture when it is not), or scarring (neuroma) of the brachial plexus nerves. Most infants with Klumpke paralysis have the more mild form of injury (neuropraxia) and often recover within 6 months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043775 biolink:NamedThing respiratory paralysis Complete or severe weakness of the muscles of respiration. This condition may be associated with motor neuron diseases; peripheral nerve diseases; neuromuscular junction diseases; spinal cord diseases; injury to the phrenic nerve; and other disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001171 biolink:NamedThing acute salpingo-oophoritis Acute form of salpingo-oophoritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001474 biolink:NamedThing chronic salpingo-oophoritis Chronic form of salpingo-oophoritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001837 biolink:NamedThing acute gonococcal salpingitis Acute form of gonococcal salpingitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021950 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune oophoritis Autoimmune oophoritis is a rare cause of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). It happens when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the ovaries causing inflammation, atrophy and fibrosis. These changes stop the ovaries from working normally. The main symptoms of autoimmune oophorotis are irregular or absent menstrual period (amenorrhea) and symptoms related to ovarian cysts such as abdominal cramping, bloating, nausea and vomiting. Autoimmune oophoritis may occur as part of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I and type II but has also been associated with lupus, pernicious anemia, myasthenia gravis and other autoimmune conditions. The underlying cause of autoimmune oophoritis is unknown. Diagnosis involves a special blood test which looks for anti-steroid or anti-ovarian antibodies, a pelvic ultrasound to look for enlarged cystic ovaries and tests to rule out other possible causes of POI. Management of autoimmune oophoritis involves emotional support, possible estrogen replacement therapy and management of other autoimmune conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001898 biolink:NamedThing optic choroid disorder A disease involving the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002311 biolink:NamedThing retinal vascular disorder Retinal damage resulting from diminished blood flow/oxygenation due to abnormalities of the retinal vessels. Causes include hypertension, diabetes, thrombosis, embolism, and hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001175 biolink:NamedThing immature cataract A cataract disease in which the cataract contains some transparent protein DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001687 biolink:NamedThing diabetic cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001782 biolink:NamedThing mature cataract A cataract that produces swelling and opacity of the entire lens; cataracts are removed before maturity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001811 biolink:NamedThing tetanic cataract A cataract resulting from hypocalcemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004495 biolink:NamedThing myotonic cataract A cataract occurring as a sequela of myotonic dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004847 biolink:NamedThing senile cataract A cataract with no obvious cause occurring in persons over 50 years old. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005408 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus type 2 associated cataract Diabetic cataracts are thought to be caused by hyperglycemia associated with disturbed glucose metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007281 biolink:NamedThing cataract 4 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYGD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007285 biolink:NamedThing cataract 1 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJA8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011060 biolink:NamedThing early-onset non-syndromic cataract Early-onset non-syndromic cataract is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic developmental defect of the eye, with high clinical and genetic heterogeneity, most frequently characterized by bilateral, symmetrical, non-progressive cataracts which present at birth or in early-childhood. Additional ocular manifestations (e.g. anterior segment dysgenesis, colobomas, nystagmus, microcornea, microphthalmia, myopia) may be associated, however other organs/systems are usually not affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011104 biolink:NamedThing cataract 3 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYBB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011413 biolink:NamedThing cataract 9 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYAA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012175 biolink:NamedThing cataract 28 A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 6p12-q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012395 biolink:NamedThing cataract 18 Any cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FYCO1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012701 biolink:NamedThing cataract 12 multiple types A cataract that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the gene encoding beaded filament structural protein-2 (BFSP2) on chromosome 3q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013067 biolink:NamedThing cataract 34 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FOXE3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013484 biolink:NamedThing cataract 36 Any cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TDRD7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022888 biolink:NamedThing craniostenosis cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030465 biolink:NamedThing cataract 49 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032735 biolink:NamedThing cataract 48 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045049 biolink:NamedThing hypermature cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045050 biolink:NamedThing nuclear cataract A cataract (disease) that involves the lens nucleus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045051 biolink:NamedThing cortical cataract A cataract (disease) that involves the lens cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100436 biolink:NamedThing cataract 2, multiple types Any cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYGC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001180 biolink:NamedThing bullous keratopathy Keratopathy that is characterized by the presence of epithelial bullae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001181 biolink:NamedThing secondary corneal edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001183 biolink:NamedThing contact lens corneal edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017236 biolink:NamedThing rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli that is characterized by a rapid loss in renal function with glomerular crescent formation observed on biopsy; it is often seen in patients with concomitant autoimmune disease, like Goodpasture's syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001192 biolink:NamedThing esophageal melanoma A melanoma affecting the esophageal wall. Melanoma in the esophagus is more commonly metastatic than primary. Primary melanomas of the esophagus are polypoid and clinically aggressive. (WHO, 2000) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001204 biolink:NamedThing esophagus sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the esophagus. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019086 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of esophagus Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a tumor arising in the epithelial cells lining the esophagus and can be divided into two subtypes: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021324 biolink:NamedThing malignant neoplasm of abdominal esophagus A cancer that involves the abdominal part of esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021325 biolink:NamedThing malignant neoplasm of thoracic esophagus A cancer that involves the thoracic part of esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021326 biolink:NamedThing malignant neoplasm of cervical esophagus A cancer that involves the cervical part of esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001190 biolink:NamedThing Brucella suis brucellosis An disease or disorder caused by infection with Brucella suis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001857 biolink:NamedThing Brucella canis brucellosis A brucellosis involving an infection caused by Brucella canis [NCBITaxon:36855] in dogs and humans. The disease has symptom fever, has symptom sweats, has symptom weakness, has symptom weight loss, has symptom headache, has symptom lymphadenopathy and has symptom splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001972 biolink:NamedThing Brucella melitensis brucellosis A brucellosis that involves an infection caused by Brucella melitensis [NCBITaxon:29459] in cattle, goats, sheep and humans. The disease has symptom fever, has symptom malaise, has symptom anorexia, has symptom limb pain and has symptom back pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001973 biolink:NamedThing Brucella abortus brucellosis A bacterial infection caused by Brucella abortus that spreads from cattle to humans. Brucella abortus can cause of range of signs and symptoms including fever, chills, sweats, weight loss, malaise, headaches, myalgia, and arthralgia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003649 biolink:NamedThing esophageal neuroendocrine tumor A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004116 biolink:NamedThing esophageal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the esophagus. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004484 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder melanoma A melanoma that arises from the gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006927 biolink:NamedThing Rickettsiaceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family rickettsiaceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005947 biolink:NamedThing rickettsial pneumonia Pneumonia caused by infection with bacteria of the family rickettsiaceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700057 biolink:NamedThing neurological pain disorder A nervous system disorder that has pain as a major feature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008179 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal extreme pain disorder Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder is a rare disorder of abnormal pain sensation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021146 biolink:NamedThing headache disorder Various conditions with the symptom of headache. Headache disorders are classified into major groups, such as primary headache disorders (based on characteristics of their headache symptoms) and secondary headache disorders (based on their etiologies). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024317 biolink:NamedThing chronic pain syndrome Chronic form of disorder involving pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043237 biolink:NamedThing glossodynia Painful sensations in the tongue, including a sensation of burning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001198 biolink:NamedThing acquired thrombocytopenia An instance of thrombocytopenia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002048 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia due to immune destruction A general class of thrombocytopenia due to immune destruction of platelets. It includes idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, as well as immune destruction-related thrombocytopenias due to other reasons (e.g., AIDS, transfusion, lupus erythematosus). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024277 biolink:NamedThing neonatal thrombocytopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001202 biolink:NamedThing prostatic cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001776 biolink:NamedThing prostate calculus A concretion in the prostate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010811 biolink:NamedThing benign prostatic hyperplasia A non-cancerous nodular enlargement of the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cell nodules, and stromal nodules containing fibrous and smooth muscle elements. It is the most common urologic disorder in men, causing blockage of urine flow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001203 biolink:NamedThing prolapse of lacrimal gland DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021222 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018078 biolink:NamedThing soft tissue sarcoma A malignant neoplasm arising from muscle tissue, adipose tissue, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, or other supportive tissues excluding the bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001374 biolink:NamedThing bladder sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal cell neoplasm that affects the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001387 biolink:NamedThing penile sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the penis. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and angiosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001418 biolink:NamedThing trachea sarcoma A rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001501 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal sarcoma A sarcoma involving a retroperitoneal space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001758 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the paranasal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002117 biolink:NamedThing pancreas sarcoma A rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm that occurs primarily in the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002140 biolink:NamedThing vagina sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the vagina. Representative examples include botryoid-type embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and endometrioid stromal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002142 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a pleomorphic malignant cellular infiltrate. It is also known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002225 biolink:NamedThing ovarian sarcoma A rare, aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the ovary. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002397 biolink:NamedThing liver sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the liver. Representative examples include angiosarcoma, undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002426 biolink:NamedThing lung sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the lung. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002448 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal sarcoma A rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002490 biolink:NamedThing breast sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the breast. Representative examples include angiosarcoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and extraskeletal osteosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002621 biolink:NamedThing extraosseous osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the soft tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002852 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum sarcoma A rare sarcoma that arises from the mediastinum. Examples include liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and angiosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002857 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the gallbladder. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002865 biolink:NamedThing anus sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm arising from the anus. Representative examples include leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Kaposi sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002926 biolink:NamedThing clear cell sarcoma A rare malignant neoplasm with melanocytic differentiation characterized by the presence of polygonal or spindle shaped clear cells. This sarcoma usually affects the tendons and aponeuroses and is associated with a poor prognosis due to recurrences and metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002930 biolink:NamedThing kidney sarcoma A sarcoma involving a kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003028 biolink:NamedThing thyroid sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm primarily involving the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003354 biolink:NamedThing heart sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the heart. The majority of cases are angiosarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005058 biolink:NamedThing leiomyosarcoma An uncommon, aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, usually occurring in post-menopausal women. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. Morphologic variants include epithelioid, granular cell, inflammatory and myxoid leimyosarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005060 biolink:NamedThing liposarcoma A usually painless malignant tumor that arises from adipose tissue. Microscopically, it may contain a spectrum of neoplastic adipocytes ranging from lipoblasts to pleomorphic malignant adipocytes. Morphologic variants include: well differentiated, dedifferentiated, pleomorphic, and myxoid liposarcoma. The metastatic potential is higher in less differentiated tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005164 biolink:NamedThing fibrosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal fibroblastic neoplasm affecting the soft tissue and bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005212 biolink:NamedThing rhabdomyosarcoma A rare aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle. It usually occurs in children and young adults. Only a small percentage of tumors arise in the skeletal muscle of the extremities. The majority arise in other anatomical sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005214 biolink:NamedThing vulva sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the vulva. Representative examples include childhood botryoid-type embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006255 biolink:NamedThing intimal sarcoma A malignant neoplasm arising from the large blood vessels. It is characterized by the presence of tumor cells that grow within the lumen of the blood vessels. The intraluminal tumor growth may result in vascular obstruction and spread of tumor emboli to peripheral organs. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006414 biolink:NamedThing skin sarcoma A sarcoma that arises from the skin. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, angiosarcoma, lymphangiosarcoma, liposarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006863 biolink:NamedThing myxosarcoma An infiltrating malignant soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of immature undifferentiated cells and abundant myxoid stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010434 biolink:NamedThing synovial sarcoma Synovial sarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma, occurring most commonly in adolescents and young adults (15 to 40 years), usually localized near the large joints of the extremities but also in the head and neck, mediastinum and viscera (lung, kidney etc), clinically presenting as a deep seated swelling or a painful mass often with an initial indolent course and is characterized by its local invasiveness and a propensity to metastasize. The origin of synovial sarcoma is likely from multipotent mesenchymal cells and not synovium (contrary to its name). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011655 biolink:NamedThing alveolar soft part sarcoma An alveolar soft part sarcoma occurring in adults. The most common site of involvement is the extremity, particularly the deep soft tissues of the thigh. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012825 biolink:NamedThing extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma A rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation, characterized by the presence of chondroblast-like cells in a myxoid stroma and a multinodular growth pattern. The most common sites of involvement are the deep soft tissues of the extremities, particularly the thigh. It usually presents as an enlarging soft tissue mass. Patients may have long survivals, but local recurrences and metastases occur in approximately half of the cases. The most common site of metastasis is the lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016982 biolink:NamedThing angiosarcoma A malignant tumor arising from the endothelial cells of the blood vessels. Microscopically, it is characterized by frequently open vascular anastomosing and branching channels. The malignant cells that line the vascular channels are spindle or epithelioid and often display hyperchromatic nuclei. Angiosarcomas most frequently occur in the skin and breast. Patients with long-standing lymphedema are at increased risk of developing angiosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017387 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid sarcoma An aggressive malignant neoplasm of uncertain differentiation, characterized by the presence of epithelioid cells forming nodular patterns. The nodules often undergo central necrosis, resulting in a pseudogranulomatous growth pattern. It usually occurs in young adults. The most common sites of involvement are the extremities (distal-type epithelioid sarcoma), and less frequently the pelvis, perineum, and genital organs (proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018270 biolink:NamedThing extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma A rare malignant neoplasm of the soft tissues. It is typically a disease of children and young adults. Most commonly occurs in the paravertebral region, chest wall, pelvis and lower extremities. Treatment includes local excision with consideration for post-operative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019202 biolink:NamedThing myxofibrosarcoma A malignant fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped cells, cellular pleomorphism, thin-walled blood vessels, fibrous septa, and myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019373 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic small round cell tumor Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an aggressive soft tissue cancer that typically arises in serous lined surfaces of the abdominal or pelvic peritoneum, and spreads to the omentum, lymph nodes and hematogenously disseminates especially to the liver. Extraserous primary location has been reported in exceptional cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020661 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated round cell sarcoma An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of uniform round or ovoid malignant cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044337 biolink:NamedThing stromal sarcoma A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical mesenchymal-stromal cells. Representative examples include endometrial stromal sarcoma and prostate stromal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001207 biolink:NamedThing neonatal respiratory failure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006932 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary edema Accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues causing disturbance of the gas exchange that may lead to respiratory failure. It is caused by direct injury to the lung parenchyma or congestive heart failure. The symptoms may appear suddenly or gradually. Suddenly appearing symptoms include difficulty breathing, feeling of suffocation, and coughing associated with frothy sputum. Gradually appearing symptoms include difficulty breathing while lying in bed, shortness of breath during activity, and weight gain (in patients with congestive heart failure). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002093 biolink:NamedThing acanthoma A benign skin neoplasm composed of epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002536 biolink:NamedThing skin papilloma A benign papillary neoplastic growth on the skin composed of epithelial cells and a fibrous stalk. It usually develops in the eyelid, axilla, neck, upper chest, and groin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004273 biolink:NamedThing breast apocrine adenoma A rare, benign and well circumscribed neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the proliferation of epithelial cells with extensive apocrine metaplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020593 biolink:NamedThing trichoblastoma A benign hair follicle neoplasm with trichoblastic differentiation. It usually presents as a solitary papular lesion It most often presents on the head and neck area, but it may develop in any anatomic site containing hair follicles. Because of its benign nature, treatment usually is not required, provided that the diagnosis has been established with certainty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024246 biolink:NamedThing syringofibroadenoma A rare, benign eccrine neoplasm usually arising on acral areas as a solitary papular or nodular lesion. Multiple lesions are referred as syringofibroadenomatosis. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cuboidal cells forming anastomosing cords in a fibrovascular stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001210 biolink:NamedThing enophthalmos Abnormal recession of the eyeball within the eye socket. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004751 biolink:NamedThing disease of orbital part of eye adnexa Diseases of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001509 biolink:NamedThing endocrine exophthalmos Progressive inflammation and damage to tissues around the eyes, especially extraocular muscle, connective, and fatty tissue occurring in patients with hyperthyroidism or a history of hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001510 biolink:NamedThing lateral displacement of eye DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001512 biolink:NamedThing intermittent proptosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001513 biolink:NamedThing pulsating exophthalmos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001915 biolink:NamedThing orbital cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004929 biolink:NamedThing constant exophthalmos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001329 biolink:NamedThing accommodative spasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005555 biolink:NamedThing cycloplegia Cycloplegia is paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye, resulting in a loss of accommodation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002285 biolink:NamedThing pupil disorder A disease involving the pupil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001303 biolink:NamedThing abnormal pupillary function DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031322 biolink:NamedThing triopia A craniofacial malformation with prosencephalic duplication; the presence of three eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001213 biolink:NamedThing serous glue ear Chronic form of serous otitis media. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021203 biolink:NamedThing serous otitis media DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021206 biolink:NamedThing chronic non-suppurative otitis media Chronic form of non-suppurative otitis media. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005892 biolink:NamedThing otitis media with effusion Otitis media associated with accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002307 biolink:NamedThing blepharoconjunctivitis Inflammation of both the eyelids and the conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002309 biolink:NamedThing papillary conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis that is characterized by the formation of papillae on the palpebral conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002314 biolink:NamedThing chronic conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis that is persistent and long-standing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004768 biolink:NamedThing keratoconjunctivitis Inflammation of both the cornea and the conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004856 biolink:NamedThing rosacea conjunctivitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043541 biolink:NamedThing viral conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis resulting from viral infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001216 biolink:NamedThing pulp degeneration Deterioration of the normal pulp tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001326 biolink:NamedThing dental pulp necrosis Death of pulp tissue with or without bacterial invasion. When the necrosis is due to ischemia with superimposed bacterial infection, it is referred to as pulp gangrene. When the necrosis is non-bacterial in origin, it is called pulp mummification. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001890 biolink:NamedThing pulp erosion A tooth erosion, non-bacterial that involves the dental pulp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003542 biolink:NamedThing dental pulp calcification DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020812 biolink:NamedThing exposure, dental pulp The result of pathological changes in the hard tissue of a tooth caused by carious lesions, mechanical factors, or trauma, which render the pulp susceptible to bacterial invasion from the external environment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020818 biolink:NamedThing secondary dentine Dentin formed by normal pulp after completion of root end formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001217 biolink:NamedThing pseudomembranous conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis that is characterized by formation of a pseudomembrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001219 biolink:NamedThing serous conjunctivitis except viral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001224 biolink:NamedThing Angelucci syndrome Atopic conjunctivitis that is of relatively short duration and that has a rapid onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001226 biolink:NamedThing acute contagious conjunctivitis Acute inflammation of the conjunctiva characterized by pink or red color in the eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001228 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival folliculosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005808 biolink:NamedThing inclusion conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to Chlamydia trachomatis which was acquired during labor and delivery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001220 biolink:NamedThing hypoparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism is is an endocrine disorder in which the parathyroid glands in the neck do not produce enough parathyroid hormone (PTH). Common signs and symptoms includeabdominal pain, brittle nails, cataracts, dry hair and skin,muscle cramps,tetany, pain in the face, legs, and feet, seizures, tingling sensation,and weakened tooth enamel (in children). It may be caused byinjury to the parathyroid glands (e.g., during surgery). Other causes, include low blood magnesium levels, a side effect of radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism, metabolic alkalosis, DiGeorge syndrome, and type I polyglandular autoimmune syndrome. The goal of treatment is to restore the calcium and mineral balance in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001741 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism Hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands resulting in the overproduction of parathyroid hormone. It may be primary or secondary; primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, parathyroid carcinoma, and multiple endocrine neoplasia. It is associated with hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. Signs and symptoms include weakness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, constipation, depression, bone pain, osteoporosis, cystic bone lesions, and kidney stones. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is caused by the chronic stimulation of the parathyroid glands in patients with chronic renal failure, rickets, and malabsorption syndromes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006354 biolink:NamedThing parathyroid hyperplasia A hyperplasia that involves the parathyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004869 biolink:NamedThing pelvic varices A varicose disease that involves the pelvic region of trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021643 biolink:NamedThing mesenteric varices A varicose disease that involves the mesentery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001222 biolink:NamedThing congenital T-cell immunodeficiency A broad classification of inherited disorders presenting at birth that affect the cell-mediated aspect of the immune response. Circulating numbers of T lymphocytes are decreased or ineffective. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003780 biolink:NamedThing T-cell immunodeficiency A broad classification of disorders that affect the cell-mediated aspect of the immune response. Circulating numbers of T lymphocytes are decreased or ineffective. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005642 biolink:NamedThing atopic conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001225 biolink:NamedThing opioid abuse A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002491 biolink:NamedThing substance abuse The use of a drug for a reason other than which it was intended or in a manner or in quantities other than directed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001345 biolink:NamedThing antidepressant type abuse A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001585 biolink:NamedThing hallucinogen abuse A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of hallucinogenic drugs despite negative consequences. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002046 biolink:NamedThing alcohol abuse The use of alcoholic beverages to excess, either on individual occasions ("binge drinking") or as a regular practice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003969 biolink:NamedThing amphetamine abuse Disorders related or resulting from use of amphetamines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004456 biolink:NamedThing cocaine abuse Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004599 biolink:NamedThing barbiturate abuse A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of barbiturate drugs despite negative consequences. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005912 biolink:NamedThing phencyclidine abuse The misuse of phencyclidine with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational functioning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001227 biolink:NamedThing chronic tympanitis Chronic form of tympanitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001229 biolink:NamedThing small intestine diverticulitis A diverticulitis that involves the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002866 biolink:NamedThing duodenal disorder Pathological conditions in the duodenum region of the small intestine (intestine, small). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005312 biolink:NamedThing pouchitis Acute inflammation in the intestinal mucosa of the continent ileal reservoir (or pouch) in patients who have undergone ileostomy and restorative proctocolectomy (proctocolectomy, restorative). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001231 biolink:NamedThing orbital periostitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001232 biolink:NamedThing orbital osteomyelitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001233 biolink:NamedThing orbital tenonitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006881 biolink:NamedThing orbital cellulitis Inflammation of the eye tissues posterior to the orbital septum, and generally secondary to an infection spread from adjacent sinuses. Signs and symptoms of the affected eye include sudden loss of vision, erythema, edema, decreased eye movement, and pain. Treatment is conducted via intravenous antibiotics, observation, and surgical intervention when necessary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001235 biolink:NamedThing appendix cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the vermiform appendix DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021465 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of appendix A benign neoplasm that involves the vermiform appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024501 biolink:NamedThing appendix neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the appendix. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002034 biolink:NamedThing cecum lymphoma An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the cecum. The majority are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006029 biolink:NamedThing cecum carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the caecum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006090 biolink:NamedThing appendix hyperplastic polyp A non-neoplastic polyp that arises from the appendix. It is characterized by the presence of elongated serrated crypts and the absence of atypia or dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001237 biolink:NamedThing appendix lymphoma A lymphoma arising from the appendix. The majority of lymphomas affecting the appendix represent disease extension from the intestinal wall; primary lymphomas of the appendix are rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003196 biolink:NamedThing appendix carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the vermiform appendix DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001239 biolink:NamedThing anemia of prematurity A blood disorder characterized by low hemoglobin levels in premature neonates that usually spontaneously resolves within 3-6 months post birth. A combination of factors including the transition from the liver to the bone marrow for erythropoiesis in a neonate, blood loss experienced during delivery, the shortened life span of fetal blood cells, and an acclimation to a relatively hyperoxic environment outside the womb can predispose a neonate to this condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006567 biolink:NamedThing kernicterus due to isoimmunization Encephalopathy in infants due to high levels of unconjugated bilirubin that are a result of Rh incompatibility between the mother and the fetus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001241 biolink:NamedThing transient neonatal neutropenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001475 biolink:NamedThing neutropenia A decrease in the number of neutrophils found in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015822 biolink:NamedThing acquired neutropenia An instance of neutropenia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002304 biolink:NamedThing protein S deficiency Protein S deficiency is a disorder that causes abnormal blood clotting. When someone bleeds, the blood begins a complicated series of rapid chemical reactions involving proteins called blood coagulation factors to stop the bleeding. Other proteins in the blood, such as protein S, usually regulate these chemical reactions to prevent excessive clotting. When protein S is missing (deficient), clotting may not be regulatednormally and affected individuals havean increased risk of forming a blood clot called a thrombosis. People at risk to haveprotein S deficiencyare those with an individual or family history of multiple blood clots in the veins. Treatment may include taking medication known as blood thinners to decrease the chance of developing a blood clot. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018896 biolink:NamedThing thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an aggressive and life-threatening form of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized by profound peripheral thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and organ failure of variable severity and is comprised of congenital TTP and acquired TTP. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100240 biolink:NamedThing inherited thrombophilia An instance of thrombophilia that is inherited. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001247 biolink:NamedThing social phobia An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the individual believes that he or she will be scrutinized by others. Exposure to social situations immediately provokes an anxiety response. In adults, the social phobia is recognized as excessive or unreasonable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003709 biolink:NamedThing agoraphobia An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear of venturing out into open places or situations in which help (or escape) might not be available should excessive anxiety or panic symptoms develop. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001249 biolink:NamedThing trachoma A chronic infection of the conjunctiva and cornea caused by chlamydia trachomatis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005701 biolink:NamedThing chlamydia trachomatis infectious disease An infection that is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025598 biolink:NamedThing pneumonia caused by chlamydia An pneumonia caused by infection with Chlamydia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001251 biolink:NamedThing chronic apical periodontitis Chronic form of periapical periodontitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001338 biolink:NamedThing acute apical periodontitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006897 biolink:NamedThing periapical granuloma Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical tissue resulting from irritation following pulp disease or endodontic treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006989 biolink:NamedThing suppurative periapical periodontitis Localized collection of pus in the tissues that enclose the root of a tooth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012051 biolink:NamedThing periodontitis, aggressive, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001255 biolink:NamedThing ventilation pneumonitis An extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by inhalation of antigens from thermophilic actinomycetes species growing in air conditioners and humidifiers. Fungi like Aureobasidium sp and Candida albicans that survive in the contaminated water in humidifiers and air conditioners are also known to cause the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017853 biolink:NamedThing hypersensitivity pneumonitis Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a pulmonary disease with symptoms of dyspnea and cough resulting from the inhalation of an antigen to which the subject has been previously sensitized. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001540 biolink:NamedThing bagassosis An occupational lung disorder caused by inhalation of bagasse dust. In the acute phase, it manifests as cough, dyspnea, fever, chills, and weakness. Chronic exposure may lead to interstitial lung fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005865 biolink:NamedThing mushroom workers' lung An extrinsic allergic alveolitis involving inflammation of the alveoli within the lung caused by hypersensitivity to the inhalation of organic dust particles derived from either the mushrooms, their spores or the compost in which the mushrooms are grown. It is usually caused by the spores of thermophilic actinomycetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005959 biolink:NamedThing sick building syndrome A group of symptoms that are two- to three-fold more common in those who work in large, energy-efficient buildings, associated with an increased frequency of headaches, lethargy, and dry skin. Clinical manifestations include hypersensitivity pneumonitis (alveolitis, extrinsic allergic); allergic rhinitis (rhinitis, allergic, perennial); asthma; infections, skin eruptions, and mucous membrane irritation syndromes. Current usage tends to be less restrictive with regard to the type of building and delineation of complaints. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017363 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia A very rare, severe, interstitial lung disease of insidious onset with subacute or chronic non-specific respiratory manifestations (dyspnea, cough, wheezing) often associated with systemic manifestations (fatigue, malaise, weight loss). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020535 biolink:NamedThing house allergic alveolitis House allergic alveolitis is a hypersensitivity pneumonitis resulting from the inhalation of an antigen to which an individual has been previously sensitized in his/her domestic environment. House allergic alveolitis encompasses summer hypersensitivity pneumonitis, humidifier-induced lung diseases, hot tub lung and legionellosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020537 biolink:NamedThing occupational allergic alveolitis Occupational allergic alveolitis designates a hypersensitivity pneumonitis resulting from the inhalation of an antigen to which an individual has been previously sensitized in his/her occupational environment. Symptoms vary depending on the antigen and the form (acute, subacute, chronic) of the disease. They may be cough, dyspnea, chills, fever, weight loss, loss of appetite and general malaise DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001257 biolink:NamedThing retinal microaneurysm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002089 biolink:NamedThing retinal vascular occlusion An occlusion of the retinal vasculature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003343 biolink:NamedThing retinal hemangioblastoma A hemangioblastoma that arises from the retina. It is typically a sign of von Hippel-Lindau disease. It may also be seen as an isolated entity without systemic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004348 biolink:NamedThing retinal telangiectasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018148 biolink:NamedThing vasoproliferative tumor of retina Vasoproliferative tumor of the retina is a rare, benign, retinal vascular disease characterized by solitary or multiple, unilateral or bilateral, intra-retinal tumor(s), usually located in the peripheral infero-temporal quadrant, and often associated with sub- and intraretinal exudates, epiretinal membranes, exudative retinal detachment and cystoid macular edema, as well as, occasionally, retinal and vitreous hemorrhage. Patients may present with visual loss, floaters, and/or photopsia. Association with various conditions, such as retinitis pigmentosa, congenital retinal toxoplasmosis, retinopathy of prematurity, or coloboma, has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019516 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a rare hereditary vitreoretinal disorder characterized by abnormal or incomplete vascularization of the peripheral retina leading to variable clinical manifestations ranging from no effects to minor anomalies, or even retinal detachment with blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042495 biolink:NamedThing arteriosclerotic retinopathy A arteriosclerosis disorder that involves the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004450 biolink:NamedThing carotid artery occlusion A occlusion precerebral artery that involves the carotid artery segment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001259 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gland infarction Ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002721 biolink:NamedThing necrosis of pituitary Ischemic or hemorrhagic necrosis of the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001260 biolink:NamedThing cercarial dermatitis An unusual presentation of schistosomiasis characterized by a pruritic papular rash in the perigenital or periumbilical area due to an allergic reaction to schistosoma eggs deposited in the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006001 biolink:NamedThing urinary schistosomiasis A bladder infection that occurs as a manifetation of a systemic infection with one or more species of the parasitic worms of the Schistosoma type; this can progress to bladder cancer in time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044344 biolink:NamedThing Schistosoma japonicum infectious disease An infection that is caused by Schistosoma japonicum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044351 biolink:NamedThing Schistosoma intercalatum infectious disease An disease or disorder caused by infection with Schistosoma intercalatum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001479 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous diphtheria A usually mild form of diphtheria characterized by infection of the skin by corynebacterium diphtheria and the resulting formation of a chronic, shallow ulcer that is sometimes bordered or followed by a bulla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001794 biolink:NamedThing Pthirus pubis infestation Infestation of the pubic hair by the pthirus pubis parasite which results in mild to intense itching and macular lesions. The parasite, also known as crab lice, is transmitted through skin to skin contact with an infected person or through direct contact with infested objects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004525 biolink:NamedThing scabies A contagious skin infection that is caused by the burrowing parasitic mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, and is characterized by intense itching and small, raised red spots in the area of the mite burrows. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004712 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex dermatitis Localized rash characterized by grouped vesicles or pustules on an erythematous base that is caused by herpes simplex virus infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021033 biolink:NamedThing herpes zoster dermatitis Painful, localized rash caused by reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus residing in nerve cell bodies, with resulting infection of the skin in the region supplied by the affected nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021932 biolink:NamedThing infection by Trypanosoma gambiense Trypanosomiasis caused by infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002875 biolink:NamedThing parasitic ectoparasitic infectious disease Infestations by parasites which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's epidermis. Most ectoparasites are arthropods. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005446 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis affecting the skin. It is the most common form of leishmaniasis. It presents with erythematous macules and papules, and nodules which may eventually ulcerate. The lesions appear in the bite site in the exposed skin areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024284 biolink:NamedThing demodicidosis of sebaceous gland A demodicidosis that involves the sebaceous gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001261 biolink:NamedThing Mobitz type II atrioventricular block A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction to the ventricles, characterized by a relatively constant PR interval prior to the block of an atrial impulse. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020744 biolink:NamedThing Mobitz type I atrioventricular block A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction to the ventricles, characterized by a progressively lengthening PR interval prior to the block of an atrial impulse. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001262 biolink:NamedThing African histoplasmosis An disease or disorder caused by infection with Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001471 biolink:NamedThing histoplasmosis meningitis An infectious meningitis caused by infection with Histoplasma capsulatum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033821 biolink:NamedThing fungal keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001265 biolink:NamedThing schizophreniform disorder A disorder that differs from schizophrenia specifically in total duration (schizophreniform disorder lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months whereas schizophrenia lasts at least 6 months); schizophreniform disorder also typically causes less impairment in the individual's social and occupational functioning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004359 biolink:NamedThing delusional disorder A disorder characterized by the presence of one or more nonbizarre delusions that persist for at least 1 month; the delusion(s) are not due to schizophrenia or a mood disorder, and do not impair psychosocial functioning apart from the ramifications of the delusion(s). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004630 biolink:NamedThing substance-induced psychosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005090 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia A major psychotic disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality. It affects the cognitive and psychomotor functions. Common clinical signs and symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and retreat from reality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005465 biolink:NamedThing methamphetamine-induced psychosis Abnormal mental state resulting from an abuse of methamphetamine DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005487 biolink:NamedThing schizoaffective disorder A disorder in which the individual suffers from both symptoms that qualify as schizophrenia and symptoms that qualify as a mood disorder (e.g., depression or bipolar disorder) for a substantial portion (but not all) of the active period of the illness; for the remainder of the active period of the illness, the individual suffers from delusions or hallucinations in the absence of prominent mood symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021680 biolink:NamedThing streptococcal infection Any of the several infectious disorders caused by members of streptococcus, a genus of gram positive bacteria belonging to the family Streptococcaceae. Streptococcal infections are classified into Groups A, B, C, D and G. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005114 biolink:NamedThing pneumococcal infection Infections with bacteria of the species streptococcus pneumoniae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005952 biolink:NamedThing scarlet fever A streptococcal infection, mainly occurring among children, that is characterized by a red skin rash, sore throat, and fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020544 biolink:NamedThing streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome Streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome (streptococcal TSS) is an acute disease mediated by the production of superantigenic toxins characterized by the sudden onset of fever and other febrile symptoms, pain, multisystem organ involvement and potentially leading to coma, shock and death due to a Streptococcus pyogenes infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700218 biolink:NamedThing group B streptococcal infection A disease caused by infection with Group B Streptococcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001268 biolink:NamedThing gingival recession A loss of gum tissue resulting in an exposure of the roots of the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002021 biolink:NamedThing gingival disorder A disease involving the gingiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002507 biolink:NamedThing gingival overgrowth Excessive growth of the gingiva either by an increase in the size of the constituent cells (gingival hypertrophy) or by an increase in their number (gingival hyperplasia). (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p574) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002508 biolink:NamedThing gingivitis A disorder involving inflammation of the gums; may affect surrounding and supporting structures of the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021086 biolink:NamedThing gingival neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the upper or lower gingiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022538 biolink:NamedThing leukoplakia of gingiva A clinical term that indicates the presence of a white patch on the surface of the gum which cannot be characterized as any other disease. It may be a precancerous condition and in most cases histologic examination reveals keratosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001270 biolink:NamedThing stone in bladder diverticulum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006678 biolink:NamedThing bladder calculus A concretion in the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001271 biolink:NamedThing lens subluxation A partial dislocation of the lens of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001906 biolink:NamedThing posterior dislocation of lens DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007202 biolink:NamedThing blepharoptosis-myopia-ectopia lentis syndrome This syndrome is characterised by bilateral congenital blepharoptosis, ectopia lentis and high myopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011106 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism-lens dislocation-anterior segment abnormalities-spontaneous filtering blebs syndrome Facial dysmorphism-lens dislocation-anterior segment abnormalities-spontaneous filtering blebs syndrome is a syndromic developmental defect of the eye characterized by dislocated or subluxated crystalline lenses, anterior segment abnormalities, and distinctive facial features such as flat cheeks and a prominent, beaked nose. Affected individuals may develop nontraumatic conjunctival cysts, also referred to as filtering blebs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012456 biolink:NamedThing congenital primary aphakia Congenital primary aphakia (CPA) is characterised by an absence of the lens. The prevalence is unknown. CPA can be associated with variable secondary ocular defects (including aplasia/dysplasia of the anterior segment of the eye, microphthalmia, and in some cases absence of the iris, retinal dysplasia, or sclerocornea). CPA results from early developmental arrest, around the 4th-5th week of embryogenesis, which prevents the formation of any lens structure. Mutations in the FOXE3 gene were identified in three affected siblings born to consanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015997 biolink:NamedThing ectopia lentis-chorioretinal dystrophy-myopia syndrome Ectopia lentis-chorioretinal dystrophy-myopia syndrome is characterised by anomalies of the lens (ectopia and cataracts) and retina (generalized tapetoretinal dystrophy and total retinal detachment). Myopia has also been reported. It has been described in four members of the same family, all resulting from a consanguineous marriage. The mode of transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015998 biolink:NamedThing isolated ectopia lentis Isolated ectopia lentis (IEL) is a rare, clinically variable, eye disorder characterized by dislocation of the lens, often causing significant reduction in visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001275 biolink:NamedThing spinal meningioma Spinal meningioma isa rare type of spinal cord cancer. The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system. This tumor often affects middle-aged women. Tumors of the spinal cord can be either primary or arise from other primary tumors (metastatic), and are typically slow growing. The initial signs and symptoms include headacheand recent onset of seizures. Other features are motor deficits, sensory deficits, pain, and sphincter dysfunction. The thoracic spine (middle back) is the most common site, followed by the cervical spine (neck). These tumors are rarely seen in the lumbar region (lower back). T he only proven risk factor in the development of meningioma is exposure to ionizing radiation. Also, patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 are at increased risk of developing meningioma. Surgery is the treatment of choice and complete tumor removal is reached in the vast majority of patients. The prognosis after surgical resection is excellent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002778 biolink:NamedThing epidural spinal canal meningioma A meningioma that arises in the epidural spinal canal space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003770 biolink:NamedThing thoracic spinal canal and spinal cord meningioma A meningioma that arises from the meninges of the thoracic region of the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004256 biolink:NamedThing lumbar spinal canal and spinal cord meningioma A meningioma that arises from the meninges of the lumbar region of the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004317 biolink:NamedThing multiple spinal canal and spinal cord meningioma Multiple meningiomas that arises from the spinal meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004396 biolink:NamedThing cervical spinal canal and spinal cord meningioma A meningioma that arises from the meninges of the cervical region of the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004498 biolink:NamedThing sacral spinal canal and spinal cord meningioma A meningioma that arises from the meninges of the sacral region of the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001789 biolink:NamedThing neurofibroma of spinal cord A neurofibroma that arises from the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002716 biolink:NamedThing childhood spinal cord tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm affecting the spinal cord during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002719 biolink:NamedThing conus medullaris neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the conus medullaris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003108 biolink:NamedThing cervicomedullary junction neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004096 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord dermoid cyst A dermoid cyst that involves the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021506 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of spinal cord A benign neoplasm that involves the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005695 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system AIDS arteritis Inflammation of arteries in the central nervous system that occurs in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or aids-related opportunistic infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022559 biolink:NamedThing benign angiitis of the central nervous system A central nervous system vasculitis that has a benign course, with acute onset of neurologic symptoms, usually in the form of severe headache and/or a focal neurologic event. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043494 biolink:NamedThing arteritis An inflammatory process affecting an artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002341 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous angiitis Inflammation of the arteries that is characterized by the presence of granulomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019124 biolink:NamedThing microscopic polyangiitis Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an inflammatory, necrotizing, systemic vasculitis that affects predominantly small vessels (i.e. small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules) in multiple organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019170 biolink:NamedThing polyarteritis nodosa Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare, clinically heterogeneous, rheumatologic disease characterized by necrotizing inflammatory lesions affecting small- and medium-sized blood vessels. PAN most commonly affects skin, joints, peripheral nerves, the gut, and the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043576 biolink:NamedThing endarteritis Inflammation of the arterial intima. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001280 biolink:NamedThing choroiditis An inflammatory process that affects the choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001666 biolink:NamedThing retinal dystrophies primarily involving Bruch's membrane A retinal dystrophy with etiology arising from Bruch's membrane, the site of drusen generation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007472 biolink:NamedThing basal laminar drusen A retinal drusen characterized by yellow-white deposits (drusen) that accumulate beneath the retinal pigment epithelium on Bruch membrane and that has material basis in mutations in the CFH gene on chromosome 1q31.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010557 biolink:NamedThing choroideremia Choroideremia (CHM) is an X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy characterized by progressive degeneration of the choroid, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021258 biolink:NamedThing choroid neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006918 biolink:NamedThing posterior uveitis Inflammation of the choroid as well as the retina and vitreous body. Some form of visual disturbance is usually present. The most important characteristics of posterior uveitis are vitreous opacities, choroiditis, and chorioretinitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002783 biolink:NamedThing Shwartzman phenomenon Hemorrhagic necrosis that was first demonstrated in rabbits with a two-step reaction, an initial local (intradermal) or general (intravenous) injection of a priming endotoxin (endotoxins) followed by a second intravenous endotoxin injection (provoking agent) 24 h later. The acute inflammation damages the small blood vessels. The following intravascular coagulation leads to capillary and venous thrombosis and necrosis. Shwartzman phenomenon can also occur in other species with a single injection of a provoking agent, and during infections or pregnancy. Its susceptibility depends on the status of immune system, coagulation, fibrinolysis, and blood flow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006794 biolink:NamedThing hypersensitivity vasculitis A small vessel vasculitis affecting the skin and/or internal organs. It is characterized by the presence of neutrophils and fibrinoid necrosis in small arteries and venules. It may be idiopathic or the result of drug treatment, infections, food intake, collagen vascular disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, or cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015488 biolink:NamedThing predominantly large-vessel vasculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015489 biolink:NamedThing predominantly medium-vessel vasculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015490 biolink:NamedThing predominantly small-vessel vasculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018640 biolink:NamedThing secondary vasculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020576 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous vasculitis Inflammation of the blood vessel wall characterized by palpable purpura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025514 biolink:NamedThing livedoid vasculopathy Livedoid vasculopathy is a blood vessel disorder that causes painful ulcers and scarring (atrophie blanche) on the feet and lower legs. These symptoms can persist for months to years and the ulcers often recur.Livedoid vasculopathy lesions appear as painful red or purple marks and spots that may progress to small, tender, irregular ulcers. Symptoms tend to worsen in the winter and summer months, and affect women more often then men. Livedoid vasculopathy may occur alone or in combination with another condition, such as lupus or thrombophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030703 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune vasculitis An autoimmune form of vasculitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800113 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing vasculitis A type of vasculitis that is comprised of vasculitides that present with necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001281 biolink:NamedThing alternating exotropia A form of ocular misalignment where the visual axes diverge inappropriately. For example, medial rectus muscle weakness may produce this condition as the affected eye will deviate laterally upon attempted forward gaze. An exotropia occurs due to the relatively unopposed force exerted on the eye by the lateral rectus muscle, which pulls the eye in an outward direction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001392 biolink:NamedThing monocular exotropia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001282 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube endometriosis Endometriosis that affects the fallopian tube. Symptoms include infertility, pelvic pain, painful menstruation, and painful intercourse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024652 biolink:NamedThing embryonic cyst of fallopian tube DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043762 biolink:NamedThing tubal pregnancy An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted in the fallopian tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600025 biolink:NamedThing hydrosalpinx Fluid accumulation and dilatation of the fallopian tube due to tubal blockage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001285 biolink:NamedThing endometriosis of pelvic peritoneum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001287 biolink:NamedThing endometriosis in cutaneous scar DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001288 biolink:NamedThing endometriosis of rectovaginal septum and vagina Endometriosis that affects the vagina. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial stroma with or without endometrial-type glands in the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006337 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometriosis A non-neoplastic disorder characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue in the ovaries. It results in the development of blood filled ovarian cysts (chocolate cysts), and creation of scars and adhesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001290 biolink:NamedThing allergic cutaneous vasculitis Inflammation of the small vessels of the skin that is mediated by the immune system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006514 biolink:NamedThing recalcitrant atopic dermatitis Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis with allergic sensitisation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006525 biolink:NamedThing allergic contact dermatitis An inflammatory skin condition caused by an immune response to direct contact between the skin and an allergen. It consists of a delayed type of allergic reaction at the affected site with resulting red, swollen, and blistered skin that may itch or leak. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006526 biolink:NamedThing allergic urticaria A urticaria with a basis in a pathological type I hypersensitivity reaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007817 biolink:NamedThing IgE responsiveness, atopic Immediate hypersensitivity reaction - type I reaction, involves immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated release of chemical mediators from mast cells and basophils. Th2 cells produce IL-4 and IL-13, which then act on B cells to promote the production of antigen-specific IgE. Reexposure to the antigen can then result in the antigen binding to and cross-linking the bound IgE antibodies on the mast cells and basophils. This causes the release of preformed mediators (histamine, tryptase, tryptase, chemotactic factors), newly synthesized mediators (leukotrienes, prostaglandin, thromboxane, platelet-activating factor, adenosine, bradykinin), and cytokines from these cells that results in structural and functional changes to the affected tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011292 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019167 biolink:NamedThing immunoglobulin a vasculitis A systemic IgA vasculitis that affects small vessels. It is characterized by skin purpura, arthritis, and abdominal and/or renal involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001293 biolink:NamedThing subglottis cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the subglottic area of the larynx. The vast majority of cases are squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001724 biolink:NamedThing supraglottis cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the supraglottic area of the larynx. The vast majority of cases are squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002351 biolink:NamedThing glottis cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the glottic area of the larynx. The vast majority of cases represent squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002358 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal carcinoma Carcinoma that arises from the laryngeal epithelium. More than 90% of laryngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas. The remainder are adenoid cystic carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas and carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004637 biolink:NamedThing aryepiglottic fold cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the aryepiglottic fold. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001294 biolink:NamedThing Horner syndrome Horner's syndrome is a rare condition characterized by miosis (constriction of thepupil), ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), and anhidrosis (absence of sweating of the face). It iscaused by damage to the sympathetic nerves of the face. The underlying causes of Horner's syndrome vary greatly and may include a tumor, stroke, or other damage to a part of the brain called the brain stem ; injury to the carotid artery ;and trauma to the brachial plexus. In rare cases, Horner's syndrome is congenital (present from birth) and associated with a lack of pigmentation of the iris (colored part of the eye). Treatment of Horner's syndrome depends on the underlying cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001299 biolink:NamedThing diabetic autonomic neuropathy Autonomic neuropathy that is caused by diabetes mellitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016040 biolink:NamedThing harlequin syndrome Harlequin syndrome (HSD) is an autonomic disorder occurring at any age and characterized by unilateral flushing and sweating, involving the face and sometimes arm and chest, in condition of thermal, exercise or emotional stress without sympathetic ocular manifestations. However, tonic pupils, parasympathetic oculomotor lesion and pre- or postganglionic sudomotor sympathetic deficit can rarely occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018334 biolink:NamedThing chronic hiccup Chronic hiccup is a rare movement disorder characterized by involuntary spasmodic contractions of the inspiratory muscles synchronized with larynx closure lasting for more than 48 hours. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018608 biolink:NamedThing pure autonomic failure Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the sympathetic branch of the autonomous nervous system and that manifests with orthostatic hypotension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018617 biolink:NamedThing baroreflex failure Baroreflex failure is a rare disorder that causes fluctuations in blood pressure with episodes of severe hypertension (high blood pressure) and elevated heart rate in response to stress, exercise, and pain. Individuals may also have hypotension (low blood pressure) with normal or reduced heart rate during periods of rest. Symptoms of baroreflex failure may include headache, sweating, and a heart rate that does not respond to medications. The onset of baroreflex failure may be very abrupt or more gradual. In many cases, the cause of baroreflex failure is not known. However, baroreflex failure can result from surgery or radiation treatment for cancers of the neck, injury to the nerves involved in sensing blood pressure, or a degenerative neurologic disease. Treatment usually involves medications to control blood pressure and heart rate along with stress reduction techniques. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043975 biolink:NamedThing autonomic dysreflexia A syndrome associated with damage to the spinal cord above the mid thoracic level (see SPINAL CORD INJURIES) characterized by a marked increase in the sympathetic response to minor stimuli such as bladder or rectal distention. Manifestations include HYPERTENSION; TACHYCARDIA (or reflex bradycardia); FEVER; FLUSHING; and HYPERHIDROSIS. Extreme hypertension may be associated with a STROKE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp538 and 1232; J Spinal Cord Med 1997;20(3):355-60) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044872 biolink:NamedThing dysautonomia An acute or chronic disorder, affecting the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system. It can be primary, the result of central nervous system degeneration, or secondary due to diabetes or alcoholism. Patients with the chronic form of this disorder usually have a progressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044993 biolink:NamedThing sympathetic nervous system disorder A disease or disorder that involves the sympathetic nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044995 biolink:NamedThing parasympathetic nervous system disorder A disease or disorder that involves the parasympathetic nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004588 biolink:NamedThing night blindness Inability to see clearly in dim light. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001396 biolink:NamedThing abnormal threshold of rods DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001297 biolink:NamedThing cardiac tamponade Acute compression of the heart caused by increased intrapericardial pressure due to the collection of blood or fluid in the pericardium from rupture of the heart, penetrating trauma, or progressive effusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001370 biolink:NamedThing pericardial effusion Fluid collection within the pericardial sac, usually due to inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005783 biolink:NamedThing hemopericardium An accumulation of blood within the pericardial sac. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004910 biolink:NamedThing mitral valve prolapse A fairly common and often benign valvular heart disorder characterized by redundancy or hooding of mitral valve leaflets so that they prolapse into the left atrium, often causing mitral regurgitation. It is often a symptomless condition but may be marked by varied symptoms (e.g. chest pain, fatigue, dizziness, dyspnea, or palpitations) leading in some cases to endocarditis or ventricular tachycardia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005852 biolink:NamedThing mitral valve stenosis Narrowing of the left atrioventricular mitral orifice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015109 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of the mitral subvalvular apparatus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042967 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic disease of mitral valve A rheumatologic disorder that involves the mitral valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001583 biolink:NamedThing diabetic polyneuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001301 biolink:NamedThing rumination disorder Rumination disorder is the backward flow of recently eaten food from the stomach to the mouth. The food is then re-chewed and swallowed or spat out. A non-purposeful contraction of stomach muscles is involved in rumination. It may be initially triggered by a viral illness, emotional distress, or physical injury. In many cases, no underlying trigger is identified. Behavioral therapy is the mainstay of treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001441 biolink:NamedThing pica disease An eating disorder characterized by the persistent eating of nonnutritive substances such as clay or soil; this behavior must be inappropriate to the level of the individual's development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005351 biolink:NamedThing anorexia nervosa A disorder most often seen in adolescent females characterized by a refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight, an intense fear of gaining weight, a disturbance in body image, and, in postmenarcheal females, the development of amenorrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005452 biolink:NamedThing bulimia nervosa A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge-eating over which the individual feels a lack of control; these episodes of binge-eating are followed by recurrent compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain, usually self-induced vomiting. In addition, self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body image. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005582 biolink:NamedThing binge eating disorder Recurrent episodes of over-eating. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004903 biolink:NamedThing deep keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001965 biolink:NamedThing sclerosing keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002435 biolink:NamedThing oculomotor nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a oculomotor nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007043 biolink:NamedThing Pfeiffer syndrome Pfeiffer syndrome (PS) is a common form of acrocephalosyndactyly, a group of inherited congenital malformation disorders, characterized by variable degrees of bicoronal craniosynostosis, variable hand and foot malformations and various other associated manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007276 biolink:NamedThing cat-eye syndrome Cat eye syndrome (CES) is a rare chromosomal disorder with a highly variable clinical presentation. Most patients have multiple malformations affecting the eyes (iris coloboma), ears (preauricular pits and/or tags), anal region (anal atresia), heart and kidneys. Intellectual disability is usually mild or borderline normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007404 biolink:NamedThing Cri-du-chat syndrome Monosomy 5p, also known as Cri du chat syndrome, is a rare autosomal deletion syndrome characterized by a mewing cry (cri du chat) in infancy, multiple congenital anomalies, intellectual disability, microcephaly, and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007405 biolink:NamedThing Crouzon syndrome Crouzon disease is characterized by craniosynostosis and facial hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008056 biolink:NamedThing myotonic dystrophy type 1 Steinert disease, also known as myotonic dystrophy type 1, is a muscle disease characterized by myotonia and by multiorgan damage that combines various degrees of muscle weakness, arrhythmia and/or cardiac conduction disorders, cataract, endocrine damage, sleep disorders and baldness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009764 biolink:NamedThing ocular motor apraxia, Cogan type Ocular motor apraxia, Cogan type is characterised by impairment of voluntary horizontal eye movements and compensatory head thrust. Around 50 cases have been described so far. The oculomotor manifestations tend to improve with age but the syndrome may also be associated with learning and speech difficulties, or, in some cases, cerebral malformations. Both sporadic and familial forms have been described, with sporadic forms being more frequent. The mode of transmission of the familial form has not yet been clearly established. A gene located on the long arm of chromosome 2, near to the NPHP1 gene involved in nephronophthisis, may be associated with ocular motor apraxia, Cogan type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010679 biolink:NamedThing Duchenne muscular dystrophy Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by rapidly progressive muscle weakness and wasting due to degeneration of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014119 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-strabismus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018065 biolink:NamedThing isolated trigonocephaly Isolated trigonocephaly is a nonsyndromic form of craniosynostosis characterized by the premature fusion of the metopic suture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018112 biolink:NamedThing isolated scaphocephaly Isolated scaphocephaly is a form of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis characterized by premature fusion of the sagittal suture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018113 biolink:NamedThing isolated plagiocephaly Isolated synostotic plagiocephaly (SP) is a form of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis characterized by premature fusion of one coronal suture leading to skull deformity and facial asymmetry. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018114 biolink:NamedThing isolated brachycephaly Isolated brachycephaly is a relatively frequent nonsyndromic craniosynostosis consisting of premature fusion of both coronal sutures leading to skull deformity with a broad flat forehead and palpable coronal ridges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018971 biolink:NamedThing isolated oxycephaly Isolated oxycephaly is a late-appearing form of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis characterized by premature fusion of both the coronal and sagittal sutures, and, in some cases, of the lambdoid sutures. Compensatory growth in the region of the anterior fontanel results in a pointed or cone-shaped skull. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020252 biolink:NamedThing essential strabismus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100339 biolink:NamedThing Friedreich ataxia An inherited condition that affects the nervous system and causes movement problems. People with this condition develop impaired muscle coordination (ataxia) that worsens over time. Other features include the gradual loss of strength and sensation in the arms and legs, muscle stiffness (spasticity), and impaired speech. Many individuals have a form of heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Some develop diabetes, impaired vision, hearing loss, or an abnormal curvature of the spine (scoliosis). Most people with Friedreich ataxia begin to experience the signs and symptoms around puberty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001312 biolink:NamedThing acute serous otitis media A acute transudative otitis media with thin, watery and sterile effusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002737 biolink:NamedThing acute sanguinous otitis media A acute transudative otitis media which involves bloody effusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004865 biolink:NamedThing blue drum syndrome A acute transudative otitis media involving thick, viscid and mucuslike fluid effusion due to which the drum appears blue in color. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001313 biolink:NamedThing acute allergic serous otitis media A acute serous otitis media caused by an allergen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002204 biolink:NamedThing transient arthritis Arthritis that is not permanent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005178 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis A noninflammatory degenerative joint disease occurring chiefly in older persons, characterised by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane. It is accompanied by pain and stiffness, particularly after prolonged activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006898 biolink:NamedThing periarthritis Inflammation of the tissues around a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008383 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid arthritis A chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation in the synovial membranes and articular surfaces. It manifests primarily as a symmetric, erosive polyarthritis that spares the axial skeleton and is typically associated with the presence in the serum of rheumatoid factor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017376 biolink:NamedThing reactive arthritis Reactive arthritis (ReA) is an autoimmune disorder belonging to the group of seronegative spondyloarthropathies and is characterized by the classic triad of arthritis, urethritis and conjunctivitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019355 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset Still disease A rare inflammatory multisystem disorder characterized clinically by fever of unknown origin, arthralgia or arthritis, hyperleucocytosis, and typical skin rash. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024280 biolink:NamedThing polyarticular arthritis An arthritis affecting five or more separate joints. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043152 biolink:NamedThing negative rheumatoid factor polyarthritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043240 biolink:NamedThing hemophilic arthropathy A form of arthritis that affects hemophiliacs, which is characterized by bleeding into the joint space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001317 biolink:NamedThing phlyctenulosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001440 biolink:NamedThing neurotrophic keratoconjunctivitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001466 biolink:NamedThing punctate epithelial keratoconjunctivitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004794 biolink:NamedThing exposure keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001319 biolink:NamedThing bladder lateral wall cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001372 biolink:NamedThing bladder neck cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the neck of urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001373 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder posterior wall cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001376 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder anterior wall cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001378 biolink:NamedThing urachus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the urachus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001380 biolink:NamedThing bladder dome cancer Cancer of the upper, convex surface of the bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004986 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the urinary bladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001320 biolink:NamedThing ring staphyloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001439 biolink:NamedThing episcleritis periodica fugax DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001718 biolink:NamedThing scleritis Inflammation of the sclera. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001799 biolink:NamedThing localized anterior staphyloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001800 biolink:NamedThing equatorial staphyloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001801 biolink:NamedThing staphyloma posticum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004170 biolink:NamedThing nodular episcleritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001322 biolink:NamedThing pericardium cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001340 biolink:NamedThing heart cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the heart DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003687 biolink:NamedThing endocardium cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the endocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004749 biolink:NamedThing myocardium cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the myocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004432 biolink:NamedThing mature pericardial teratoma A benign teratoma that arises from the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021379 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of epicardium A neoplasm (disease) that involves the epicardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001323 biolink:NamedThing infant gynecomastia Transient bilateral swelling of breast tissue in a neonate that results from the waning influence of maternal estrogen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001571 biolink:NamedThing gynecomastia disorder Development of breast tissue in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006361 biolink:NamedThing penile fibromatosis Fibromatosis arising from the soft tissues of the penis. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, and an infiltrative growth pattern. It causes the penis to bend when it becomes erect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001327 biolink:NamedThing pelvic muscle wasting DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001514 biolink:NamedThing prolapse of urethra Prolapse of the urethral mucosa from the exterior urethral opening. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001559 biolink:NamedThing perineocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001885 biolink:NamedThing lateral cystocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001886 biolink:NamedThing midline cystocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001328 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hormone resistance syndrome An inherited autosomal recessive trait, characterized by peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones and the resulting elevation in serum levels of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003366 biolink:NamedThing hydrarthrosis Accumulation of watery fluid in the cavity of a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003627 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic pulmonary valve disease A rheumatologic disorder that involves the pulmonary valve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005854 biolink:NamedThing mixed connective tissue disease Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a rare autoimmune disorder that is characterized by features commonly seen in three different connective tissue disorders: systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and polymyositis. Some affected people may also have symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Although MCTD can affect people of all ages, it appears to be most common in women under age 30. Signs and symptoms vary but may include Raynaud's phenomenon ; arthritis; heart, lung and skin abnormalities; kidney disease; muscle weakness, and dysfunction of the esophagus. The cause of MCTD is currently unknown. There is no cure but certain medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids and immunosuppresivedrugsmay help manage the symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016367 biolink:NamedThing dermatomyositis Dermatomyositis (DM) is a type of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterized by evocative skin lesions and symmetrical proximal muscle weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016666 biolink:NamedThing unexplained long-lasting fever/inflammatory syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016822 biolink:NamedThing myalgia-eosinophilia syndrome associated with tryptophan A rare systemic disease characterized by severe myalgia and peripheral eosinophilia associated with tryptophan dietary supplementation. The symptoms do not subside after tryptophan discontinuation. Clinical presentation includes muscle tenderness and cramps, fatigue, weakness, paresthesia, peripheral edema, arthralgia, dyspnea, skin rash, dry mouth, and development of scleroderma-like skin abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017767 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic fever A post-bacterial multisystem inflammatory disease occurring as a post-infectious, nonsuppurative sequela of untreated streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus [GAS]) pharyngitis, and mainly occurs in individuals aged 5 to 15 years. The most common presenting signs are fever, migratory polyarthritis and carditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018015 biolink:NamedThing intermittent hydrarthrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018783 biolink:NamedThing fibroblastic rheumatism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019199 biolink:NamedThing interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis is a rare rheumatologic disease characterized by the occurrence of inflammatory arthritis in association with large, erythematous, symmetrical cutaneous lesions (ranging from typical, but infrequent, cord-like lesions on the flanks to more common violaceous plaques on the trunk and limbs) featuring a typical histologic infiltrate mainly constituted of histiocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020477 biolink:NamedThing progeria-associated arthropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044355 biolink:NamedThing isolated sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis Isolated sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is a rare rheumatologic disease characterized by predominantly bilateral, chronic, sterile inflammation and progressive sclerosis and hyperostosis of the sternocostoclavicular joint, with adjacent soft tissue ossification, in the absence of other joint involvement. It presents as recurrent episodes of pain, edema and/or erythema of the sternoclavicular region. Palmoplantar pustulosis may be additionally observed in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007610 biolink:NamedThing gingival fibromatosis-hypertrichosis syndrome Gingival fibromatosis - hypertrichosis syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a generalized enlargement of the gingiva occurring at birth or during childhood that is associated with generalized hypertrichosis developing at birth, during the first years of life, or at puberty and predominantly affecting the face, upper limbs, and midback. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007693 biolink:NamedThing hypertrichosis cubiti-short stature syndrome Hypertrichosis cubiti is a rare hair anomaly characterized by symmetrical, congenital or early-onset, bilateral hypertrychosis localized on the externsor surfaces of the upper extremities (especially the elbows). Short stature, or other abnormalities, such as developmental delay, facial anomalies and intellectual disability, may or may not be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008894 biolink:NamedThing cataract-hypertrichosis-intellectual disability syndrome Cataract-hypertrichosis-intellectual disability syndrome is characterized by congenital cataract, generalized hypertrichosis and intellectual deficit. It has been described in two Egyptian sibs born to consanguineous parents. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009405 biolink:NamedThing cervical hypertrichosis-peripheral neuropathy syndrome Cervical hypertrichosis peripheral neuropathy is a rare syndrome characterized by the association of congenital hypertrichosis in the anterior cervical region with peripheral sensory and motor neuropathy. It has been described in three members of the same family and in one unrelated boy. Associated features in the familial cases include retinal anomalies, spina bifida, kyphoscoliosis and hallux valgus, while that in the non-familial case includes developmental delay. An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance is suggested. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010887 biolink:NamedThing isolated anterior cervical hypertrichosis Anterior cervical hypertrichosis is a rare form of localised hypertrichosis characterised by hair growth near the laryngeal prominence during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016380 biolink:NamedThing acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa Acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa is a rare cutaneous paraneoplastic disease characterized by the presence of excessive lanugo-type hair on the glabrous skin of face, neck, trunk and limbs that can be associated with additional clinical features such as burning glossitis, papillary hypertrophy of the tongue, diarrhea, dysgeusia, and/or weight loss. It is associated with lymphoma or cancer of the gastrointestinal system, urinary tract, lung, breast, uterus or ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016381 biolink:NamedThing hypertrichosis lanuginosa congenita Hypertrichosis lanuginosa congenita is a rare congenital skin disease characterized by the presence of 3 to 5cm long lanugo-type hair on the entire body, with the exception of palms, soles, and mucous membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018777 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant preaxial polydactyly-upperback hypertrichosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019940 biolink:NamedThing hypertrichosis-acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome Hypertrichosis-acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome (HAFF) is a very rare multiple congenital abnormality syndrome manifesting from birth with progressive hypertrichosis congenita terminalis (thick scalp hair extending onto the forehead with generalized increased body hair) associated with a typical acromegaloid facial appearance (thick eyebrows, prominent supraorbital ridges, broad nasal bridge, anteverted nares, long and large philtrum, and prominent mouth with full lips) appearing during childhood. HAFF seems to belong to a spectrum of phenotypes with the clinically overlapping acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome and hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia, CantC9 type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011107 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy A very rare syndrome characterized by sparse and short hair from birth followed by progressive macular degeneration leading to blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013017 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 5 A hypotrichosis that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 1p21.1-q21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014390 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 13 Any hypotrichosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT71 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018631 biolink:NamedThing Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis A rare autosomal dominant hair loss disorder characterized by the absence or scarcity of scalp hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes at birth; coarse and wiry hair during childhood; and progressive hair loss beginning around puberty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021979 biolink:NamedThing Basaran Yilmaz syndrome A congenital hypotrichosis that is characterized by trichorrhexis nodosa and trichoptilosis, dry skin, keratosis pilaris and leukonychia totalis. Other features include progressive transgrediens type of palmoplantar keratoderma, and hyperkeratotic lesions on the knees, elbows and perianal region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022841 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypotrichosis milia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032649 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015308 biolink:NamedThing laminopathy type Decaudain-Vigouroux Laminopathy, type Decaudain-Vigouroux is characterised by severe metabolic alterations (insulin resistance or hyperinsulinaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia with low HDL-cholesterol, and altered glucose tolerance) and muscular hypertrophy, myalgia, or weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015902 biolink:NamedThing major hypertriglyceridemia Major hypertriglyceridemia comprises a group of endocrine diseases characterized by permanently high levels of triglycerides (TG) in the blood (higher than 4g/L after 12 hours of fasting) and an increased risk of acute pancreatitis, making screening essential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015903 biolink:NamedThing hyperalphalipoproteinemia An autosomal dominant genetic condition caused by mutation(s) in the CETP gene, encoding cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Affected individuals may have increased longevity due to decreased risk of coronary heart disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001337 biolink:NamedThing inflamed seborrheic keratosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006563 biolink:NamedThing inverted follicular keratosis Seborrheic keratosis that arises from follicular structures in the skin. It presents as a solitary nodule in the skin and is characterized by the presence of prominent squamous eddies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006579 biolink:NamedThing melanoacanthoma A benign, darkly pigmented skin lesion characterized by proliferation of keratinocytes and melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006622 biolink:NamedThing vulvar seborrheic keratosis A benign squamous neoplasm that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the proliferation of the basal cells in the squamous epithelium, acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and cysts formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001787 biolink:NamedThing hepatic infarction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001788 biolink:NamedThing nutmeg liver DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002387 biolink:NamedThing liver angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004717 biolink:NamedThing peliosis hepatis A vascular disease of the liver characterized by the occurrence of multiple blood-filled cysts or cavities. The cysts are lined with endothelial cells; the cavities lined with hepatic parenchymal cells (hepatocytes). Peliosis hepatis has been associated with use of anabolic steroids (anabolic agents) and certain drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005080 biolink:NamedThing portal hypertension Increased blood pressure in the portal venous system. It is most commonly caused by cirrhosis. Other causes include portal vein thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, and right heart failure. Complications include ascites, esophageal varices, encephalopathy, and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006786 biolink:NamedThing hepatic vein thrombosis A condition in which the hepatic venous outflow is obstructed anywhere from the small hepatic veins to the junction of the inferior vena cava and the right atrium. Usually the blockage is extrahepatic and caused by blood clots (thrombus) or fibrous webs. Parenchymal fibrosis is uncommon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010947 biolink:NamedThing Budd-Chiari syndrome Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is caused by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow involving either the hepatic veins or the terminal segment of the inferior vena cava. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019514 biolink:NamedThing hepatic veno-occlusive disease Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (hepatic VOD) is a condition resulting from toxic injury to the hepatic sinusoidal capillaries that leads to obstruction of the small hepatic veins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035357 biolink:NamedThing portosinusoidal vascular disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002095 biolink:NamedThing vascular cancer A malignant neoplasm arising from the blood vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006094 biolink:NamedThing Askin tumor A primitive neuroectodermal tumor (small round blue cell tumor) of the thorax which can involve the periosteum, thoracic wall and/or pleura though it spares the lung parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021323 biolink:NamedThing malignant neoplasm of chest wall A cancer that involves the chest wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003743 biolink:NamedThing heart malignant hemangiopericytoma A malignant hemangiopericytoma arising in the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019493 biolink:NamedThing primary adult heart tumor Adult heart tumor refers to neoplasms of the heart that manifest in adults and generally present with a variety of non-specific manifestations (depending on tumor site and infiltration) such as weight loss, exhaustion, hemorrhagic pericardial effusion, heart failure, arrhythmias, and embolisms, or that can also be asymptomatic. In adults 75% of heart tumors are benign, with myxoma being the most common benign tumor (accounting for 50-70% of all primary heart tumors) and rhabdomyosarcoma comprising 75% of malignant heart tumors. Other malignant tumors of the heart include fibrosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma (see these terms). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019494 biolink:NamedThing primary pediatric heart tumor Cardiac tumours are benign or malignant neoplasms arising primarily in the inner lining, muscle layer, or the surrounding pericardium of the heart. They can be primary or metastatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020589 biolink:NamedThing cardiac germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that arises within the myocardium or cardiac chambers. The reported cases have been teratomas and yolk sac tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021378 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of endocardium A neoplasm (disease) that involves the endocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021380 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of myocardium A neoplasm (disease) that involves the myocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001341 biolink:NamedThing selective IgA deficiency disease A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of immunoglobulin class A (IgA). It is the most common primary antibody deficiency. It may be inherited or the reversible sequela of infection or certain drugs. It may be caused by decreased or inefficient class-switching from progenitor B cells without any corresponding decreases in the other isotypes. Though affected persons may be asymptomatic, low levels of IgA will reduce the immune system's ability to combat infection where IgA is normally secreted, at mucosal surfaces. Selective IgA deficiency is seen in greater proportion among patients with autoimmune disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001342 biolink:NamedThing dysgammaglobulinemia An immunologic deficiency state characterized by selective deficiencies of one or more, but not all, classes of immunoglobulins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003738 biolink:NamedThing selective IgE deficiency disease A rare dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of immunoglobulin class E (IgE). It is an uncommon primary antibody deficiency. It is most likely an inherited immunodeficiency. It may be caused by decreased or inefficient class-switching from progenitor B cells without any corresponding decreases in the other isotypes. Most affected persons appear asymptomatic but may show a predisposition to autoimmune and respiratory diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018039 biolink:NamedThing selective IgM deficiency Selective IgM deficiency (SIgMD) is a rare immune disorder that has been reported in association with serious infections, such as bacteria in the blood (bacteremia, also known as septicemia). Although SIgMD was first described in two children, the disorder can occur in babies, children, and adults. It is characterized by isolated absence or deficiency of immunoglobulin M (IgM), normal levels of other immunoglobulins, and recurrent infections (especially by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenza). The cause is still unclear. The diagnosis includes isolated deficiency ofIgM in the blood and no other immunodeficiency or secondary cause of low IgM. Patients with SIgMD and recurrent infections are managed like other antibody defects and deficiencies. It is suggested that people with SIgMD have pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines, people with SIgMD who have recurrent infections should have prophylactic antibiotics and immune globulin replacement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045045 biolink:NamedThing selective IgG immunodeficiency A broad classification of dysgammaglobulinemias characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of immunoglobulin class G (IgG). Deficiencies of IgG present variably according to subclass. IgG deficiencies are typically relative among subclasses and not absolute. Thus even with a given selective IgG subclass deficiency, total IgG levels may still fall within normal range. The clinical course and prognosis is dependent upon the severity of the deficiency and associated morbidity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004165 biolink:NamedThing selective IgD deficiency disease A rare dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of immunoglobulin class D (IgD). It is an uncommon primary antibody deficiency. It is most likely an inherited immunodeficiency. It may be caused by decreased or inefficient production of IgD from progenitor B cells without any corresponding decreases in the other isotypes. Most affected persons are asymptomatic and do not appear to be at increased risk for infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016106 biolink:NamedThing progressive muscular dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008116 biolink:NamedThing oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is an adult-onset progressive myopathy characterized by progressive eyelid ptosis, dysphagia, dysarthria and proximal limb weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014800 biolink:NamedThing progressive scapulohumeroperoneal distal myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016899 biolink:NamedThing Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD and BMD) are neuromuscular diseases characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness due to degeneration of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016971 biolink:NamedThing limb-girdle muscular dystrophy Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a heterogeneous group of muscular dystrophies characterized by proximal weakness affecting the pelvic and shoulder girdles. Cardiac and respiratory impairment may be observed in certain forms of LGMD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018759 biolink:NamedThing childhood-onset progressive contractures-limb-girdle weakness-muscle dystrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025193 biolink:NamedThing oculopharyngodistal myopathy Oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) is a rare, adult-onset hereditary muscle disease. People with OPDM present with progressive eye and throat (pharyngeal) problems and involvement of the muscles of the lower legs and arms. Symptoms may include eyelid drooping (ptosis), swallowing difficulty, hoarse and nasal voice, leg and arm weakness, as well as muscle wasting in the face and in the legs and arms. Many people have respiratory problems due to respiratory muscle weakness. In rare cases, there is also hearing loss, as well as severe weakness in muscles of the forearms and thighs. As the disease progresses, other muscles may be affected. A blood exam may show an increased creatine kinase level and an abnormal EMG. Inheritance may be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. The specific cause is still unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001350 biolink:NamedThing parametrium malignant neoplasm A malignant neoplasm involving the parametrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002178 biolink:NamedThing placenta cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the placenta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005213 biolink:NamedThing uterine carcinoma A carcinoma involving a uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006485 biolink:NamedThing uterine carcinosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the uterine corpus and less often the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of two components: a malignant epithelial component and a sarcomatous component. In the uterine corpus the epithelial component is usually glandular whereas in the cervix is usually non-glandular. Carcinosarcoma of the cervix, although it is aggressive, it may have a better prognosis compared to the uterine corpus carcinosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011962 biolink:NamedThing endometrial cancer Primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the endometrium (mucous membrane that lines the endometrial cavity). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002113 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the peritoneum and resembles the malignant surface epithelial-stromal tumors that arise from the ovary. Serous adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic variant. It affects women almost exclusively. The diagnosis of primary peritoneal carcinoma can be made only if both ovaries are not involved by tumor, or, if the ovaries are involved, the tumor is confined to the ovarian surface without invasion of the ovarian stroma and the peritoneal involvement is greater than the ovarian surface involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003017 biolink:NamedThing malignant peritoneal solitary fibrous tumor A malignant form of peritoneal solitary fibrous tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005512 biolink:NamedThing malignant peritoneal mesothelioma An aggressive malignant mesothelioma that arises from the peritoneum. Patients usually present with abdominal pain and ascites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001353 biolink:NamedThing Bordetella parapertussis infectious disease Any disease caused by infection with by Bordetella parapertussis. The symptoms are similar but less severe than Bordetella pertussis whooping cough. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037872 biolink:NamedThing bordetellosis Any disease caused by infection with organisms of the genus Bordetella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001436 biolink:NamedThing hemosiderosis Accumulation of iron in internal organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001358 biolink:NamedThing bronchial disorder A disease involving the bronchus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001360 biolink:NamedThing blind hypotensive eye DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001503 biolink:NamedThing primary eye hypotony DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001361 biolink:NamedThing spontaneous ocular nystagmus Involuntary movements of the eye that are divided into two types, jerk and pendular. Jerk nystagmus has a slow phase in one direction followed by a corrective fast phase in the opposite direction, and is usually caused by central or peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Pendular nystagmus features oscillations that are of equal velocity in both directions and this condition is often associated with visual loss early in life. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p272) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004843 biolink:NamedThing pathologic nystagmus Involuntary movements of the eyeballs. The presence or absence of nystagmus is often used in the diagnosis of a variety of neurological and visual disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001655 biolink:NamedThing dissociated nystagmus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001364 biolink:NamedThing regular astigmatism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001831 biolink:NamedThing irregular astigmatism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003648 biolink:NamedThing tympanic membrane disorder A disease involving the tympanic membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004866 biolink:NamedThing eustachian tube disorder A disease involving the pharyngotympanic tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006533 biolink:NamedThing cholesteatoma of middle ear A non-neoplastic lesion characterized by the proliferation of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear that results in the accumulation of keratin and cells. It is usually caused by repeated infections. If left untreated, it may increase in size and destroy the adjacent delicate bones of the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021366 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of middle ear A neoplasm (disease) that involves the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001366 biolink:NamedThing splenic sequestration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005967 biolink:NamedThing splenic tuberculosis Infection of the spleen with species of mycobacterium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006795 biolink:NamedThing hypersplenism Overactive functioning of the spleen, resulting in excessive destruction of blood cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037251 biolink:NamedThing congestive splenomegaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042963 biolink:NamedThing wandering spleen A condition characterized by an abnormal spleen position due to loss, weakness, or malformation of one or more of the ligaments that hold the spleen in its normal position in the left upper abdomen. It may present as a birth defect or follow injuries or pregnancy. Signs and symptoms include abdominal discomfort and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001367 biolink:NamedThing chronic congestive splenomegaly Chronic form of congestive splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001368 biolink:NamedThing phthisical cornea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001983 biolink:NamedThing peripheral degeneration of cornea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002449 biolink:NamedThing nodular degeneration of cornea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041154 biolink:NamedThing disorder of neck of urinary bladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001375 biolink:NamedThing bladder trigone cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the trigone of urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001379 biolink:NamedThing ureteric orifice cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the ureteral orifice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004860 biolink:NamedThing vitreous disorder A disease involving the vitreous humor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007017 biolink:NamedThing vitreous detachment Detachment of the vitreous humor from the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006481 biolink:NamedThing ureter carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008053 biolink:NamedThing myopia 2, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009713 biolink:NamedThing myopia 18, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010377 biolink:NamedThing myopia 13, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010685 biolink:NamedThing myopia 1, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011300 biolink:NamedThing myopia 3, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012021 biolink:NamedThing myopia 17, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012045 biolink:NamedThing myopia 5, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012154 biolink:NamedThing myopia 6 Any myopia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCO2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012227 biolink:NamedThing myopia 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012228 biolink:NamedThing myopia 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012229 biolink:NamedThing myopia 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012230 biolink:NamedThing myopia 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012388 biolink:NamedThing myopia 11, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012389 biolink:NamedThing myopia 12, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012469 biolink:NamedThing myopia 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012932 biolink:NamedThing myopia 16, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012995 biolink:NamedThing myopia 15, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013506 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 16 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 7q36.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013508 biolink:NamedThing myopia 19, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013603 biolink:NamedThing myopia 20, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013604 biolink:NamedThing myopia 21, autosomal dominant Any myopia (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZNF644 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013670 biolink:NamedThing myopia, high, with cataract and vitreoretinal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014177 biolink:NamedThing myopia 22, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014183 biolink:NamedThing myopia 23, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014411 biolink:NamedThing myopia 24, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014982 biolink:NamedThing myopia 25, autosomal dominant Any myopia (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the P4HA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030697 biolink:NamedThing myopia 28, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032941 biolink:NamedThing myopia 27 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0049221 biolink:NamedThing myopia 26, X-linked, female-limited DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001385 biolink:NamedThing cortical blindness Visual impairment due to visual cortex dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043310 biolink:NamedThing amaurosis fugax Transient complete or partial monocular blindness due to retinal ischemia. This may be caused by emboli from the CAROTID ARTERY (usually in association with CAROTID STENOSIS) and other locations that enter the central RETINAL ARTERY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p245) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003584 biolink:NamedThing visual cortex disorder A disease involving the visual cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001386 biolink:NamedThing visual epilepsy Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as epilepsy or 'seizure disorder.' DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017768 biolink:NamedThing reflex epilepsy Reflex epilepsy refers to epilepsies where recurrent seizures are provoked by a clearly defined extrinsic (most commonly) or intrinsic triggering stimuli such as flashing lights (photosensitive epilepsy), startling noises (startle epilepsy), urinating (micturition induced seizures), exposure to hot-water (hot water epilepsy), eating, reading, and thinking, while being associated with an enduring abnormal predisposition to have such seizures (thereby meeting the conceptual definition of epilepsy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002340 biolink:NamedThing tactile epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007560 biolink:NamedThing reading seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015644 biolink:NamedThing audiogenic seizures Audiogenic seizures is a rare neurologic disease characterized by seizures that are triggered by acoustic stimulation, which can be simple (as in startle epilepsy) or complex (e.g. musicogenic seizures, seizures triggered by the voice). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015645 biolink:NamedThing eating seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015646 biolink:NamedThing orgasm-induced seizures Orgasm-induced seizures is a rare neurologic disease characterized by complex partial seizures with or without secondary generalization, or idiopathic primarily generalized epilepsy, triggered by sexual orgasm. Seizures usually start immediately, shortly after or a few hours after the achievement of orgasm, last a few seconds or minutes, and are followed, in very rare cases, by intense migraine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015647 biolink:NamedThing thinking seizures Thinking seizures is a rare neurologic disease characterized by seizures induced by specific cognitive tasks, such as calculation or solving arithmetic problems (e.g Sudoku puzzle), playing thinking games (e.g. Rubik's cube, chess, cards), thinking, making decisions and abstract reasoning. Idiopathic generalized seizures are mainly involved, but partial epilepsies may, in rare cases, be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015648 biolink:NamedThing startle epilepsy Startle epilepsy is a rare neurologic disease characterized by frequent and spontaneous epileptic seizures (frequently with symmetrical or asymmetrical tonic features) triggered by a normal startle in response to a sudden and unexpected somatosensory (most frequently auditory) stimulus. Falls are common and can be traumatic. In most cases, the disease is associated with spastic hemi-, di-, or tetraplegia and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015649 biolink:NamedThing micturation-induced seizures Micturition-induced seizures is a rare neurologic disease characterized by tonic posturing or clonic movements triggered by micturition, with bilateral or unilateral involvement of the extremities and with or without loss of consciousness. Developmental delay is reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001388 biolink:NamedThing glans penis cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the glans penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004504 biolink:NamedThing penile urethral cancer A urethra cancer that involves the penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006360 biolink:NamedThing penile carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the penis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005356 biolink:NamedThing coronary vasospasm Sudden coronary artery smooth muscle contraction leading to lumen constriction and decreased blood flow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005436 biolink:NamedThing postoperative ventricular dysfunction Postoperative ventricular dysfunction (VnD) occurs in 9-20% of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgical patients and is associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006714 biolink:NamedThing coronary aneurysm Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of coronary vessels. Most coronary aneurysms are due to coronary atherosclerosis, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases, such as kawasaki disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006715 biolink:NamedThing coronary stenosis Narrowing of the coronary artery lumen diameter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006805 biolink:NamedThing intermediate coronary syndrome Angina pectoris (or equivalent type of ischemic discomfort) which has recently changed in frequency, duration, intensity, or occurs at rest. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001391 biolink:NamedThing indeterminate leprosy A leprosy that is an early form of the disease which causes one to a few hypopigmented or erythematous macules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005125 biolink:NamedThing borderline leprosy A form of leprosy in which there are clinical manifestations of both principal types (lepromatous and tuberculoid). The disease may shift toward one of these two polar or principal forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005126 biolink:NamedThing tuberculoid leprosy A principal or polar form of leprosy in which the skin lesions are few and are sharply demarcated. Peripheral nerve involvement is pronounced and may be severe. Unlike lepromatous leprosy (leprosy, lepromatous), the lepromin test is positive. Tuberculoid leprosy is rarely a source of infection to others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005127 biolink:NamedThing lepromatous leprosy A chronic communicable infection which is a principal or polar form of leprosy. This disorder is caused by mycobacterium leprae and produces diffuse granulomatous skin lesions in the form of nodules, macules, or papules. The peripheral nerves are involved symmetrically and neural sequelae occur in the advanced stage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041751 biolink:NamedThing multibacillary leprosy A lepromatous form of leprosy that is characterized by numerous infiltrated skin lesions displaying high bacillary loads, impaired peripheral nerves, possible involvement of internal organs, and a Th2-mediated immune response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041752 biolink:NamedThing paucibacillary leprosy A tuberculoid form of leprosy that is characterized by a small number of hypopigmented, well-bordered, anesthetic skin lesions with a low bacillary load, early peripheral nerve impairment, and a T-helper 1 (Th1)–mediated immune response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001393 biolink:NamedThing peripheral focal chorioretinitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001395 biolink:NamedThing macular keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001465 biolink:NamedThing superficial keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001760 biolink:NamedThing photokeratitis Injury to the cornea secondary to ultraviolet light. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001816 biolink:NamedThing scleroperikeratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003082 biolink:NamedThing filamentary keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006713 biolink:NamedThing corneal neovascularization New blood vessels originating from the corneal veins and extending from the limbus into the adjacent corneal stroma. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the ocular anterior segment, such as trachoma, viral interstitial keratitis, microbial keratoconjunctivitis, and the immune response elicited by corneal transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021111 biolink:NamedThing ureter neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021390 biolink:NamedThing polyp of ureter A polyp that involves the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001400 biolink:NamedThing schwannoma of ureter A benign nerve sheath tumor composed of Schwann cells, occurring in the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004044 biolink:NamedThing ureter urothelial papilloma A benign epithelial neoplasm that produces visible warty projections from the epithelial surface of the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003168 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma A WHO Grade 1 astrocytoma which arises in the cerebellum. The tumor is composed of spindle shaped cells with numerous collections of reddish astrocytic fibers called Rosenthal fibers. Over 80% or the cerebellar astrocytomas of childhood are pilocytic. Pilocytic astrocytomas may rarely occur in adults. They are usually treated by surgical resection and in most cases have a favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004820 biolink:NamedThing peripheral nerve schwannoma A benign, usually encapsulated slow growing tumor of the peripheral nervous system composed of Schwann cells. It recurs infrequently and only rare cases associated with malignant transformation have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003926 biolink:NamedThing neurilemmoma of the pleura A schwannoma that involves the pleura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003980 biolink:NamedThing schwannoma of jugular foramen A rare intracranial schwannoma that affects the jugular foramen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056804 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of peripheral nervous system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003154 biolink:NamedThing hemangioma of peripheral nerve A hemangioma arising from the peripheral nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003250 biolink:NamedThing benign granular cell tumor A granular cell tumor that is confined to the site of origin, without metastatic potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006103 biolink:NamedThing benign adrenal gland pheochromocytoma A sporadic or familial pheochromocytoma that is confined to the adrenal gland and does not have any metastatic potential. The majority of cases are sporadic, and usually unilateral. Familial cases are usually bilateral. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037739 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of cauda equina A benign neoplasm that involves the cauda equina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001401 biolink:NamedThing female breast nipple and areola cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004379 biolink:NamedThing female breast carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the breast in females. It is the most common malignant tumor that affects females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001805 biolink:NamedThing female breast central part cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001850 biolink:NamedThing female breast lower-outer quadrant cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002067 biolink:NamedThing female breast upper-inner quadrant cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002068 biolink:NamedThing female breast lower-inner quadrant cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002069 biolink:NamedThing female breast axillary tail cancer A cancer that involves the UBERON:0035289. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004878 biolink:NamedThing female breast upper-outer quadrant cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002991 biolink:NamedThing adenocarcinofibroma A carcinoma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma. Histologic variants include clear cell, serous, mucinous, and endometrioid adenocarcinofibroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005636 biolink:NamedThing adenosarcoma A low grade malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of a benign epithelial component (tubular and cleft-like glands) and a low grade sarcomatous component that contains varying amounts of fibrous and smooth muscle tissues. In a minority of cases, the sarcomatous component contains heterologous elements including striated muscle, cartilage, and fat. It occurs in the uterine corpus, ovary, fallopian tube, cervix, and vagina. It may recur and in a minority of cases may metastasize to distant anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020550 biolink:NamedThing gestational choriocarcinoma Gestational choriocarcinoma is a gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) occurring secondary to pregnancy (ectopic or normal), miscarriage, voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP) or a hydatidiform mole. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001403 biolink:NamedThing labium majus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the labium majora. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001526 biolink:NamedThing labia minora cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the labia minora. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001869 biolink:NamedThing paraurethral gland cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the paraurethral gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002290 biolink:NamedThing clitoris cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the clitoris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005215 biolink:NamedThing vulvar carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the mammalian vulva DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002898 biolink:NamedThing skin cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the zone of skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002206 biolink:NamedThing sweat gland cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the sweat glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002293 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous ganglioneuroma A ganglioneuroma arising from the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002656 biolink:NamedThing skin carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the zone of skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003363 biolink:NamedThing malignant dermis tumor A malignant neoplasm involving the dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037735 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous gland cancer A cancer that involves the sebaceous gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001404 biolink:NamedThing ecthyma An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021210 biolink:NamedThing trachea neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001410 biolink:NamedThing postmenopausal atrophic vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina due to thinning of the vaginal wall and decreased lubrication associated with reduced estrogen levels at menopause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007019 biolink:NamedThing vulvovaginitis An inflammatory pathologic process that affects the vulva and the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001412 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival concretion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006537 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival pigmentation Pigmented lesions that arise from the conjunctiva include nevus, complexion-associated melanosis (CAM), primary acquired melanosis (PAM), and malignant melanoma.1,2All of these lesions arise from melanocytes. However, a number of other lesions have a similar appearance but a different source, such as pigment deposits from silver and iron. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001414 biolink:NamedThing osteopoikilosis A rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by the presence of small areas of increased density throughout the bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007396 biolink:NamedThing dysostosis, Stanescu type Stanescu type dysostosis is a rare form of osteosclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001420 biolink:NamedThing trigeminal nerve neoplasm Benign and malignant neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve which provides sensory innervation to the face, oral cavity and sinuses and the muscles of mastication. Clinical features may include facial pain or sensory loss or weakness of jaw closure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002633 biolink:NamedThing cranial nerve neoplasm Abnormal growth of the cells that comprise the cranial nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001884 biolink:NamedThing abducens nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a abducens nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002101 biolink:NamedThing facial nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a facial nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002550 biolink:NamedThing hypoglossal nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a hypoglossal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002626 biolink:NamedThing spinal accessory nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a accessory XI nerve spinal component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002638 biolink:NamedThing glossopharyngeal nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a glossopharyngeal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021221 biolink:NamedThing vestibulocochlear nerve neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the vestibulocochlear nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015530 biolink:NamedThing trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia A headache disorder characterized by episodes of unilateral, short lasting pain and associated ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001421 biolink:NamedThing frontal lobe neoplasm A neoplasm involving a frontal lobe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004709 biolink:NamedThing occipital lobe neoplasm A neoplasm involving a occipital lobe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021372 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of temporal lobe A neoplasm (disease) that involves the temporal lobe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021373 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of parietal lobe A neoplasm (disease) that involves the parietal lobe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021497 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of cerebrum A benign neoplasm that involves the telencephalon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021633 biolink:NamedThing cerebral astrocytoma An astrocytoma that arises from the cerebral hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001422 biolink:NamedThing primary aldosteronism An endocrine disorder characterized by excessive production of aldosterone by the adrenal glands. Causes include adrenal gland adenoma and adrenal gland hyperplasia. The overproduction of aldosterone results in sodium and water retention and hypokalemia. Patients present with high blood pressure, muscle weakness, and headache. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001473 biolink:NamedThing medulloadrenal hyperfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006077 biolink:NamedThing adrenal medullary hyperplasia A hyperplasia that involves the adrenal medulla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006909 biolink:NamedThing pituitary dwarfism Proportionately decreased bodily growth due to failure of the pituitary gland to produce an adequate supply of growth hormone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008211 biolink:NamedThing pseudoleprechaunism syndrome, Patterson type Pseudoleprechaunism syndrome, Patterson type is a rare, genetic, adrenal disorder characterized by congenital bronzed hyperpigmentation, cutis laxa of the hands and feet, body disproportion (comprising large hands, feet, nose and ears), hirsutism and severe intellectual disability. Patients additionally present hyperadrenocorticism, cushingoid features, premature adrenarche and diabetes mellitus, as well as skeletal deformities (not present at birth and which progress with age). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1981. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009025 biolink:NamedThing apparent mineralocorticoid excess Apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) is a rare form of pseudohyperaldosteronism characterized by very early-onset and severe hypertension, associated with low renin levels and hypoaldosteronism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009411 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy type 1, or APECED syndrome, is a genetic disease that manifests in childhood or early adolescence with a combination of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism and autoimmune adrenal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010288 biolink:NamedThing adrenomyodystrophy Adrenomyodystrophy is an extremely rare genetic endocrine disease characterized by primary adrenal insufficiency, dystrophic myopathy, hepatic steatosis, severe psychomotor delay, megalocornea, failure to thrive, chronic constipation, and terminal bladder ectasia which can lead to death. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012675 biolink:NamedThing corticosteroid-binding globulin deficiency Corticosteroid-binding globulin deficiency is a genetic disorder characterized by extreme tiredness (fatigue), particularly after physical exertion, and low blood pressure (hypotension). Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) is a protein primarily produced in the liver that attaches to cortisol, a hormone with numerous functions, including maintaining blood sugar levels, protecting the body from stress, and suppressing inflammation.When cortisol is needed in the body, CBG delivers the cortisol where it is needed and releases it. Signs and symptoms of CBG deficiency vary. While some individuals may experience no symptoms, others are found to have a fatty liver and chronic pain. Some people with CBG deficiency also have chronic fatigue syndrome. CGB deficiency is caused by mutations in the SERPINA6 gene. The SERPINA6 gene is commonly also referred to as the CBG gene. Both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance have been reported.While there is still no cure, treatment options will depend on the type and severity of symptoms present and may involve several specialists. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013400 biolink:NamedThing Congenital adrenal insuffiency with 46, XY sex reversal OR 46,XY disorder of sex development-adrenal insufficiency due to CYP11A1 deficiency A rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by severe, early-onset, salt-wasting adrenal insufficiency and ambiguous/female external genitalia (irrespective of chromosomal sex) due to mutations in the CYP11A1 gene. Milder cases may present delayed onset of adrenal gland dysfunction and genitalia phenotype may range from normal male to female in individuals with 46,XY karyotype. Imaging studies reveal hypoplastic/absent adrenal glands and biochemical findings include low serum cortisol, mineralocorticoids, androgens, and sodium, with elevated potassium levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015128 biolink:NamedThing primary adrenal insufficiency A hormonal disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands fail to release adequate amounts of glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone), and androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone) to meet physiologic needs, despite release of ACTH from the pituitary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015900 biolink:NamedThing hypoaldosteronism disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017366 biolink:NamedThing hereditary pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma Hereditary paraganglioma-pheochromocytomas (PGL/PCC) are rare neuroendocrine tumors represented by paragangliomas (occurring in any paraganglia from the skull base to the pelvic floor) and pheochromocytomas (adrenal medullary paragangliomas). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018544 biolink:NamedThing adrenoleukodystrophy A peroxisomal disorder resulting in cerebral demyelination, axonal dysfunction in the spinal cord leading to spastic paraplegia, adrenal insufficiency and in some cases testicular insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043472 biolink:NamedThing ectopic ACTH secretion syndrome A syndrome characterized by abnormal secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone in conjunction with neoplastic growth occurring anywhere in the body. The most common associations are tumors of the bronchus (oat cell or carcinoid), thymic tumors (epithelial or carcinoid), and pancreatic endocrine tumor. (DeVita et al. Cancer, p 1364. 4th edition. Lippincott) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016755 biolink:NamedThing neurofibroma An intraneural or extraneural neoplasm arising from nerve tissues and neural sheaths. It is composed of perineurial-like fibroblasts and Schwann cells. It usually presents as a localized cutaneous lesion and less often as a circumscribed peripheral nerve mass. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 present with multiple masses. Neurofibromas which arise from major nerves and plexiform neurofibromas are precursor lesions to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002383 biolink:NamedThing Pacinian tumor A neurofibroma characterized by the presence of structures which resemble Vater-Pacini corpuscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002675 biolink:NamedThing neurofibrosarcoma A malignant tumor that arises from small cutaneous nerves, is locally aggressive, and has a potential for metastasis. Characteristic histopathologic features include proliferating atypical spindle cells with slender wavy and pointed nuclei, hypocellular areas, and areas featuring organized whorls of fibroblastic proliferation. The most common primary sites are the extremities, retroperitoneum, and trunk. These tumors tend to present in childhood, often in association with neurofibromatosis 1. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p1662; Mayo Clin Proc 1990 Feb;65(2):164-72) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003302 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid neurofibroma A rare neurofibroma with epithelioid morphology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003304 biolink:NamedThing plexiform neurofibroma An elongated and multinodular neurofibroma, formed when the tumor involves either multiple trunks of a plexus or multiple fascicles of a large nerve, such as the sciatic. Some plexiform neurofibromas resemble a bag of worms, others produce a massive ropy enlargement of the nerve. (Adapted from WHO.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003305 biolink:NamedThing cellular neurofibroma A neurofibroma characterized by the presence of areas with increased cellularity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003306 biolink:NamedThing atypical neurofibroma A neurofibroma characterized by the presence of cellular pleomorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004837 biolink:NamedThing neurofibroma of the esophagus A non-metastasizing encapsulated neoplasm arising from nerves in the esophagus. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of fibroblasts and Schwann cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001429 biolink:NamedThing transient arthropathy Arthropathy that is not permanent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001468 biolink:NamedThing synovial plica syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001798 biolink:NamedThing hypermobility syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001935 biolink:NamedThing neurogenic arthropathy Chronic progressive degeneration of the stress-bearing portion of a joint, with bizarre hypertrophic changes at the periphery. It is probably a complication of a variety of neurologic disorders, particularly tabes dorsalis, involving loss of sensation, which leads to relaxation of supporting structures and chronic instability of the joint. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002074 biolink:NamedThing Behcet syndrome arthropathy Arthropathy resulting from Behcet's syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002257 biolink:NamedThing ankylosis Fixation and immobility of a joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002528 biolink:NamedThing synovium neoplasm A benign or malignant soft tissue neoplasm arising exclusively from the synovial membrane. Examples include the diffuse giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, localized giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, and malignant giant cell tumor of tendon sheath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003816 biolink:NamedThing articular cartilage disorder A disease involving the articular cartilage of joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004431 biolink:NamedThing hemarthrosis Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004874 biolink:NamedThing ganglion or cyst of synovium/tendon/bursa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005473 biolink:NamedThing temporomandibular joint disorder Any condition affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006721 biolink:NamedThing de Quervain disease Stenosing tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons in the first dorsal wrist compartment. The presenting symptoms are usually pain and tenderness at the radial styloid. The cause is almost always related to overuse injury or is associated with rheumatoid arthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006894 biolink:NamedThing patellofemoral pain syndrome A syndrome characterized by retropatellar or peripatellar pain resulting from physical and biochemical changes in the patellofemoral joint. The pain is most prominent when ascending or descending stairs, squatting, or sitting with flexed knees. There is a lack of consensus on the etiology and treatment. The syndrome is often confused with (or accompanied by) chondromalacia patellae, the latter describing a pathological condition of the cartilage and not a syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006965 biolink:NamedThing secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy Symmetrical osteitis of the four limbs, chiefly localized to the phalanges and the terminal epiphyses of the long bones of the forearm and leg, sometimes extending to the proximal ends of the limbs and the flat bones, and accompanied by dorsal kyphosis and joint involvement. It is often secondary to chronic conditions of the lungs and heart. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006968 biolink:NamedThing shoulder impingement syndrome Compression of the rotator cuff tendons and subacromial bursa between the humeral head and structures that make up the coracoacromial arch and the humeral tuberosities. This condition is associated with subacromial bursitis and rotator cuff (largely supraspinatus) and bicipital tendon inflammation, with or without degenerative changes in the tendon. Pain that is most severe when the arm is abducted in an arc between 40 and 120 degrees, sometimes associated with tears in the rotator cuff, is the chief symptom. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes and Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022208 biolink:NamedThing crystal arthropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001430 biolink:NamedThing deep corneal vascularisation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001431 biolink:NamedThing toxic or nutritional optic neuropathy A disease with basis in optic nerve damage secondary to a toxic substance and/or nutritional deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001688 biolink:NamedThing toxic optic neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024335 biolink:NamedThing retrobulbar neuritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001434 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory spondylopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005306 biolink:NamedThing ankylosing spondylitis An autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammation in the vertebral joints of the spine and sacroiliac joints. It predominantly affects young males. Patients present with stiffness and pain in the spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001435 biolink:NamedThing bullous retinoschisis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004579 biolink:NamedThing retinoschisis An inherited or acquired disorder characterized by splitting of the retina into two layers. It results in loss of vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004578 biolink:NamedThing flat retinoschisis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009988 biolink:NamedThing retinoschisis of fovea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010725 biolink:NamedThing X-linked retinoschisis A genetic ocular disease that is characterized by reduced visual acuity in males due to juvenile macular degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002279 biolink:NamedThing iron metabolism disease Disorders in the processing of iron in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001442 biolink:NamedThing dysthymic disorder A chronic mood disorder in which the symptoms are similar to, though milder than, those diagnosed in depression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001485 biolink:NamedThing atypical depressive disorder A mood disorder that is characterized by mood reactivity (paradoxical anhedonia) and positivity, significant weight gain or increased appetite ("comfort eating"), excessive sleep or somnolence (hypersomnia), a sensation of heaviness in limbs known as leaden paralysis, and significant social impairment as a consequence of hypersensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004572 biolink:NamedThing cyclothymic disorder An affective disorder characterized by periods of depression and hypomania. These may be separated by periods of normal mood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001443 biolink:NamedThing tympanosclerosis The formation of dense connective tissue in the tympanic membrane that does not necessarily cause or lead to loss of hearing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001547 biolink:NamedThing atrophic nonflaccid tympanic membrane DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001803 biolink:NamedThing myringitis bullosa hemorrhagica A tympanic membrane disease that is characterized by blisters on the eardrum resulting from infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003647 biolink:NamedThing atrophic flaccid tympanic membrane DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001446 biolink:NamedThing low compliance bladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006026 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder disorder A disease involving the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001447 biolink:NamedThing detrusor sphincter dyssynergia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004160 biolink:NamedThing female stress incontinence The involuntary loss of urine in females secondary to insufficient strength of the pelvic floor muscles; this can result from physical changes following pregnancy and childbirth, or as a response to a decrease in estrogen during menopause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006007 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux Abnormal flow of urine from the urinary bladder back into the ureters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006624 biolink:NamedThing overactive bladder Symptom of overactive detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder that contracts with abnormally high frequency and urgency. Overactive bladder is characterized by the frequent feeling of needing to urinate during the day, during the night, or both. urinary incontinence may or may not be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006679 biolink:NamedThing bladder neck obstruction Blockage of the opening between the bladder and the urethra resulting in the reduction or prevention of the urine flow from the bladder into the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006916 biolink:NamedThing postcholecystectomy syndrome Abdominal symptoms after removal of the gallbladder. The common postoperative symptoms are often the same as those present before the operation, such as colic, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. There is pain on palpation of the right upper quadrant and sometimes jaundice. The term is often used, inaccurately, to describe such postoperative symptoms not due to gallbladder removal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007009 biolink:NamedThing ureterolithiasis The presence of a calculus in the ureter of the kidney; this is most often composed of mineral salts and proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019395 biolink:NamedThing Hinman syndrome Hinman syndrome (HS) or non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder is a voiding dysfunction of the bladder of neuropsychological origin that is characterized by functional bladder outlet obstruction in the absence of neurologic deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007015 biolink:NamedThing viral meningitis Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord due to a viral infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015304 biolink:NamedThing arachnoiditis Arachnoiditis (ARC) is a chronic inflammation of the arachnoid layer of the meninges, of which adhesive arachnoiditis is the most severe form, characterized by debilitating, intractable neurogenic back and limb pain and a range of other neurological problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005676 biolink:NamedThing borna disease An encephalomyelitis of horses, sheep and cattle caused by borna disease virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005769 biolink:NamedThing geniculate herpes zoster A viral ear infection caused by the spread of varicella-zoster virus to the facial nerves. It is characterized by intense otalgia and a cutaneous vesicular eruption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001451 biolink:NamedThing peripheral retinal degeneration Degeneration of the peripheral retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004580 biolink:NamedThing retinal degeneration Degeneration of the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800319 biolink:NamedThing cone dystrophy 5, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800320 biolink:NamedThing cone dystrophy 1, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001452 biolink:NamedThing pseudoretinitis pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001453 biolink:NamedThing senile reticular retinal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001454 biolink:NamedThing Blessig's cysts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001455 biolink:NamedThing retinal lattice degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001456 biolink:NamedThing cobblestone retinal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001457 biolink:NamedThing secondary vitreoretinal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001458 biolink:NamedThing ulnar nerve lesion A peripheral nerve lesion that involves the ulnar nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007006 biolink:NamedThing ulnar neuropathy Disease involving the ulnar nerve from its origin in the brachial plexus to its termination in the hand. Clinical manifestations may include paresis or paralysis of wrist flexion, finger flexion, thumb adduction, finger abduction, and finger adduction. Sensation over the medial palm, fifth finger, and ulnar aspect of the ring finger may also be impaired. Common sites of injury include the axilla, cubital tunnel at the elbow, and Guyon's canal at the wrist. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51 pp43-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043982 biolink:NamedThing cubital tunnel syndrome Compression of the ULNAR NERVE in the cubital tunnel, which is formed by the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, humeral-ulnar aponeurosis, and medial ligaments of the elbow. This condition may follow trauma or occur in association with processes which produce nerve enlargement or narrowing of the canal. Manifestations include elbow pain and PARESTHESIA radiating distally, weakness of ulnar innervated intrinsic hand muscles, and loss of sensation over the hypothenar region, fifth finger, and ulnar aspect of the ring finger. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p43) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001543 biolink:NamedThing lesion of sciatic nerve A peripheral nerve lesion that involves the sciatic nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006759 biolink:NamedThing femoral neuropathy Neuropathy of the femoral nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006940 biolink:NamedThing radial nerve lesion A peripheral nerve lesion that involves the radial nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001459 biolink:NamedThing radial neuropathy Disease involving the radial nerve. Clinical features include weakness of elbow extension, elbow flexion, supination of the forearm, wrist and finger extension, and thumb abduction. Sensation may be impaired over regions of the dorsal forearm. Common sites of compression or traumatic injury include the axilla and radial groove of the humerus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002910 biolink:NamedThing peroneal neuropathy Disease involving the common peroneal nerve or its branches, the deep and superficial peroneal nerves. Lesions of the deep peroneal nerve are associated with paralysis of dorsiflexion of the ankle and toes and loss of sensation from the web space between the first and second toe. Lesions of the superficial peroneal nerve result in weakness or paralysis of the peroneal muscles (which evert the foot) and loss of sensation over the dorsal and lateral surface of the leg. Traumatic injury to the common peroneal nerve near the head of the fibula is a relatively common cause of this condition. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p31) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006960 biolink:NamedThing sciatic neuropathy Disease or damage involving the SCIATIC NERVE, which divides into the PERONEAL NERVE and TIBIAL NERVE (see also PERONEAL NEUROPATHIES and TIBIAL NEUROPATHY). Clinical manifestations may include SCIATICA or pain localized to the hip, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of posterior thigh muscles and muscles innervated by the peroneal and tibial nerves, and sensory loss involving the lateral and posterior thigh, posterior and lateral leg, and sole of the foot. The sciatic nerve may be affected by trauma; ISCHEMIA; COLLAGEN DISEASES; and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1363) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006997 biolink:NamedThing tibial neuropathy Disease of the tibial nerve (also referred to as the posterior tibial nerve). The most commonly associated condition is the tarsal tunnel syndrome. However, leg injuries; ischemia; and inflammatory conditions (e.g., collagen diseases) may also affect the nerve. Clinical features include paralysis of plantar flexion, ankle inversion and toe flexion as well as loss of sensation over the sole of the foot. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p32) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006683 biolink:NamedThing brachial plexus neuropathy A brachial plexus disorder characterized by regional paresthesia, pain and muscle weakness, and limited movement in the arm or hand. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003598 biolink:NamedThing median nerve neuropathy Disease involving the median nerve, from its origin at the brachial plexus to its termination in the hand. Clinical features include weakness of wrist and finger flexion, forearm pronation, thenar abduction, and loss of sensation over the lateral palm, first three fingers, and radial half of the ring finger. Common sites of injury include the elbow, where the nerve passes through the two heads of the pronator teres muscle (pronator syndrome) and in the carpal tunnel (carpal tunnel syndrome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003700 biolink:NamedThing brachial plexus neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the brachial nerve plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004569 biolink:NamedThing brachial plexus neuropathy from injury DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008076 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic neuralgia An autosomal dominant form of recurrent focal neuropathy characterized clinically by acute, recurrent episodes of brachial plexus neuropathy with muscle weakness and atrophy preceded by severe pain in the affected arm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001460 biolink:NamedThing dyshormonogenic goiter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005397 biolink:NamedThing goiter Enlargement of the thyroid gland usually caused by lack of iodine in the diet, hyperthyroidism, or thyroid nodules. Symptoms include difficulty in breathing and swallowing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001658 biolink:NamedThing nontoxic goiter Sporadic enlargement of the thyroid gland that is not associated with changes in thyroid function or malignancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005364 biolink:NamedThing Graves disease Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism).It is caused by an abnormal immune system response that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormones. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism andoccurs mostoften in women over age 20. However, the disorder may occur at any age and may affect males as well.Treatmentmayinclude radioiodine therapy, antithyroid drugs, and/or thyroid surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006833 biolink:NamedThing lingual goiter Pathological enlargement of the lingual thyroid, ectopic thyroid tissue at the base of the tongue. It may cause upper airway obstruction; dysphagia; or hypothyroidism symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006986 biolink:NamedThing substernal goiter An enlarged thyroid gland with at least 50% of the gland situated behind the sternum. It is an unusual presentation of an intrathoracic goiter. Substernal goiters frequently cause compression on the trachea leading to deviation, narrowing, and respiratory symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001462 biolink:NamedThing descending colon cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the descending colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021063 biolink:NamedThing malignant colon neoplasm A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the colon. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001464 biolink:NamedThing sigmoid colon cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the sigmoid colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002035 biolink:NamedThing colon lymphoma An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the colon. The majority are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002238 biolink:NamedThing ascending colon cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the ascending colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002361 biolink:NamedThing transverse colon cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the transverse colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003352 biolink:NamedThing colon sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the colon. Representative examples include angiosarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041448 biolink:NamedThing metastasis from malignant tumor of colon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001463 biolink:NamedThing splenic flexure cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the splenic flexure of colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006971 biolink:NamedThing sigmoid neoplasm Tumors or cancer of the sigmoid colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002423 biolink:NamedThing rectosigmoid junction neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the rectosigmoid region. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include lipoma and leiomyoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. Rectosigmoid adenomas always exhibit epithelial dysplasia and are considered premalignant neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056802 biolink:NamedThing synovial bursa disorder A disease or disorder that involves the synovial bursa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001470 biolink:NamedThing anal margin squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the perianal skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002765 biolink:NamedThing plantar verrucous skin carcinoma A verrucous carcinoma that involves the plantar part of pes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003499 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid squamous cell skin carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with a prominent spindle cell component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004091 biolink:NamedThing skin basaloid carcinoma A basaloid squamous cell carcinoma that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004316 biolink:NamedThing acantholytic squamous cell skin carcinoma A histologic variant of squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin. It is characterized by loosening of the intercellular bridges between the malignant cells which results in acantholysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004469 biolink:NamedThing pseudovascular skin squamous cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004523 biolink:NamedThing clear cell squamous cell skin carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with a prominent clear cell component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005341 biolink:NamedThing skin basal cell carcinoma The most frequently seen skin cancer. It arises from basal cells of the epidermis and pilosebaceous units. Clinically it is divided into the following types: nodular, ulcerative, superficial, multicentric, erythematous, and sclerosing or morphea-like. More than 95% of these carcinomas occur in patients over 40. They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck and the remaining 15% on the trunk and extremities. Basal cell carcinoma usually grows in a slow and indolent fashion. However, if untreated, the tumor may invade the subcutaneous fat, skeletal muscle and bone. Distant metastases are rare. Excision, curettage and irradiation cure most basal cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020760 biolink:NamedThing skin squamous cell carcinoma in situ Intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma, confined to the epidermis. There is no evidence of invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056818 biolink:NamedThing skin adenosquamous carcinoma An uncommon carcinoma that arises from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular and malignant squamous cellular components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002941 biolink:NamedThing anal margin carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the perianal skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004337 biolink:NamedThing perianal skin Paget disease Paget disease involving the perianal skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006082 biolink:NamedThing anal squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from the anal canal or the anal margin (perianal skin). Human papillomavirus is detected in the majority of cases. Homosexual HIV-positive men have an increased risk of developing anal squamous cell carcinoma in comparison to the general male population. Symptoms include anal pruritus, discomfort when sitting, pain, change in bowel habit, and bleeding. The prognosis is generally better for anal margin SCC than for anal canal SCC. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004130 biolink:NamedThing anus basaloid carcinoma An anal squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and peripheral nuclear palisading. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004132 biolink:NamedThing anal canal squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the mucosa of the anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005723 biolink:NamedThing Cryptococcal meningitis Meningeal inflammation produced by cryptococcus neoformans, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infect individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and other immunocompromised states. The organism enters the body through the respiratory tract, but symptomatic infections are usually limited to the lungs and nervous system. The organism may also produce parenchymal brain lesions (torulomas). Clinically, the course is subacute and may feature headache; nausea; photophobia; focal neurologic deficits; seizures; cranial neuropathies; and hydrocephalus. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp721-2) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003125 biolink:NamedThing testicular sex cord-stromal neoplasm A benign or malignant tumor that arises from the testis. It is composed of granulosa cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and fibroblasts. Each of these cell types may constitute the only cellular component that is present in the tumor or it may be mixed with other cell types in various combinations. The prognosis can not always be predicted on histologic grounds alone. Approximately, ten percent of these tumors may metastasize. Representative examples include granulosa cell tumor, Leydig cell tumor, Sertoli cell tumor, and tumors of the thecoma-fibroma group. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003395 biolink:NamedThing testicular granulosa cell tumor A rare sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the testis. It is characterized by the presence of granulosa-like cells and Call-Exner bodies. There are two variants described, the adult and the juvenile. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004324 biolink:NamedThing testicular fibroma A benign neoplasm that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of fusiform cells and collagenization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004325 biolink:NamedThing testicular thecoma A rare benign tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of lipid-rich neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700037 biolink:NamedThing testicular fibrothecoma A rare testicular sex cord-stromal neoplasm characterized by mixed features of both fibroma and thecoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001575 biolink:NamedThing chronic gonococcal salpingitis Chronic form of gonococcal salpingitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003616 biolink:NamedThing salpingitis isthmica nodosa Formation of nodules in the isthmus of the fallopian tube due to fallopian tube diverticulosis. It may cause infertility or ectopic pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001609 biolink:NamedThing agranulocytosis A decrease in the number of mature granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021758 biolink:NamedThing acquired agranulocytosis Agranulocytosis that is autoimmune in origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002922 biolink:NamedThing pyoderma Any skin disease that is pyegenic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002237 biolink:NamedThing carbuncle An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative agent is staphylococcus aureus. Carbuncles produce fever, leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002885 biolink:NamedThing erythrasma A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018824 biolink:NamedThing pyoderma gangrenosum Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a primarily sterile inflammatory neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by recurrent cutaneous ulcerations with a mucopurulent or hemorrhagic exudate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020076 biolink:NamedThing myeloproliferative neoplasm A clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder, characterized by proliferation in the bone marrow of one or more of the myeloid (i.e., granulocytic, erythroid, megakaryocytic, and mast cell) lineages. It is primarily a neoplasm of adults. (WHO 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001484 biolink:NamedThing paranoid schizophrenia A subtype of schizophrenia characterized by prominent delusions (typically persecutory or grandiose) or hallucinations in the context of a relative preservation of cognitive functioning and affect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005414 biolink:NamedThing treatment-refractory schizophrenia Schizophrenia which does not respond to commonly used treatments. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008414 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 1 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD1 on chromosome 5q23-q35. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010897 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 3 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD3 on chromosome 6p23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011294 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 5 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 6q13-q26. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011295 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 7 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD7 on chromosome 13q32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011298 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 8 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD8 on chromosome 18p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011307 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 2 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD2 on chromosome 11q14-q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011552 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 10 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD10 on chromosome 15q15. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011960 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 11 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 10q22.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012054 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 12 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 1p36.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013498 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 15 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation of SHANK3 on chromosome 22q13.33. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013696 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 2p16.3 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019939 biolink:NamedThing early-onset schizophrenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033312 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800358 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001487 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic bile duct cancer A cancer that involves the intrahepatic bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003059 biolink:NamedThing bile duct cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the bile duct DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002862 biolink:NamedThing bile duct sarcoma A sarcoma that involves the bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001488 biolink:NamedThing anterior corneal pigmentation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001717 biolink:NamedThing posterior corneal pigmentation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006613 biolink:NamedThing stromal corneal pigmentation Stromal pigmentation such as that in ochronosis results from chronic irritation. The melanin is in the superficial stroma and the basal layer of the corneal epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007375 biolink:NamedThing epithelial basement membrane dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007377 biolink:NamedThing granular corneal dystrophy type I Type I granular corneal dystrophy (GCDI) is a rare form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by multiple small deposits in the superficial central corneal stroma, and progressive visual impairment, which may sometimes be severe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007380 biolink:NamedThing lattice corneal dystrophy type I Type I lattice corneal dystrophy (LCDI) is a frequent form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by a network of delicate interdigitating branching filamentous opacities within the cornea with progressive visual impairment and no systemic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011185 biolink:NamedThing Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy (TBCD) is a rare form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by sub-epithelial honeycomb-shaped corneal opacities in the superficial cornea, and progressive visual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011855 biolink:NamedThing granular corneal dystrophy type II Type II granular corneal dystrophy (GCDII) is a rare form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by irregular-shaped well-demarcated granular deposits in the superficial central corneal stroma, and progressive visual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012043 biolink:NamedThing Reis-Bucklers corneal dystrophy Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy (RBCD), also known as granular corneal dystrophy type III, is a rare form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by bilateral symmetrical reticular opacities in the superficial central cornea, with progressive visual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012044 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, lattice type 3A Lattice corneal dystrophy type 3A is rare condition that affects the cornea. It is characterized primarily by protein clumps in the clear, outer covering of the eye which cloud the cornea and impair vision. Affected people also experience recurrent corneal erosion (separation of certain layers of the cornea), which is associated with severe pain and sensitivity to bright light. Lattice corneal dystrophy type 3A is caused by changes (mutations) in the TGFBI gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The condition is usually treated surgically. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001491 biolink:NamedThing cough variant asthma An asthma that is characterized by chronic nonproductive cough without shortness of breath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004979 biolink:NamedThing asthma A bronchial disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors resulting in recurring periods of wheezing (a whistling sound while breathing), chest tightness, shortness of breath, mucus production and coughing. The symptoms appear due to a variety of triggers such as allergens, irritants, respiratory infections, weather changes, exercise, stress, reflux disease, medications, foods and emotional anxiety. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004765 biolink:NamedThing intrinsic asthma An asthma that is triggered by factors not related to allergies such as anxiety, stress, exercise, cold air, dry air, hyperventilation, smoke, viruses, chemical irritants, autonomic imbalance, hormonal deficiencies and psychogenic influences. It is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication. The symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004766 biolink:NamedThing status asthmaticus An acute exacerbation of asthma, characterized by inadequate response to initial bronchodilators. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004784 biolink:NamedThing allergic asthma A asthma with a basis in a pathological type I hypersensitivity reaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005405 biolink:NamedThing childhood onset asthma Asthma that starts in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022742 biolink:NamedThing occupational asthma Asthma attacks caused, triggered, or exacerbated by OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800112 biolink:NamedThing non-atopic asthma A type of asthma that isn't related to an allergy trigger like pollen or dust, and is less common than atopic asthma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001492 biolink:NamedThing kyphoscoliotic heart disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001493 biolink:NamedThing chronic pulmonary heart disease Heart disease which occurs as a result of a primary pulmonary disease. Cor pulmonale most often manifests as right ventricular hypertrophy; it can also lead to right ventricular failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001999 biolink:NamedThing primary pulmonary hypertension Increased blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs; the etiology is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004596 biolink:NamedThing cor pulmonale Hypertrophy and dilation of the right ventricle of the heart that is caused by pulmonary hypertension. This condition is often associated with pulmonary parenchymal or vascular diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary embolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001498 biolink:NamedThing varicocele A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous veins of the spermatic cord with a marked left-sided predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular) temperature and reduced testicular volume. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004872 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhoid Dilated veins in the anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001502 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneum carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the retroperitoneal space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002817 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the adrenal gland DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002472 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. It most often occurs in the parotid gland and less often in the submandibular gland and minor salivary gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing mass which recently had undergone rapid growth. The prognosis depends on the invasiveness of the malignant component. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive tumors usually have a good prognosis following surgical resection. Invasive tumors are usually aggressive and are associated with recurrences and metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002650 biolink:NamedThing scrotal carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003158 biolink:NamedThing malignant myoepithelioma An infiltrating malignant tumor characterized by the presence of atypical cells with myoepithelial differentiation. Representative examples include malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003389 biolink:NamedThing epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma A malignant neoplasm which occurs mostly in the major salivary glands (most frequently in the parotid gland), but also in the minor salivary glands of the oral mucosa and the tracheobronchial tree. It is characterized by the presence of ductal structures which are lined by an inner layer of cuboidal epithelial-type cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells with clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003570 biolink:NamedThing lipid-rich carcinoma A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm which contains neutral lipids. A representative example is the lipid-rich breast carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003575 biolink:NamedThing comedocarcinoma A high grade carcinoma characterized by the presence of comedo-type of tumor cell necrosis in which the necrotic areas are surrounded by a solid proliferation of malignant pleomorphic cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004989 biolink:NamedThing breast carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the breast DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005138 biolink:NamedThing lung carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the lung DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005206 biolink:NamedThing renal carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the epithelium of the renal parenchyma or the renal pelvis. The majority are renal cell carcinomas. Kidney carcinomas usually affect middle aged and elderly adults. Hematuria, abdominal pain, and a palpable mass are common symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005232 biolink:NamedThing large cell carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of large, atypical cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005617 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated carcinoma A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells which do not display evidence of glandular, squamous, or transitional cell differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006102 biolink:NamedThing basaloid carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, small amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006176 biolink:NamedThing cribriform carcinoma A carcinoma characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern. Representative examples include the intraductal cribriform breast carcinoma and invasive cribriform breast carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006206 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the fallopian tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006282 biolink:NamedThing lymphangiosarcoma A malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006406 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells and anaplastic morphologic features. Giant cells and a sarcomatous component may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006474 biolink:NamedThing transitional cell carcinoma A malignant neoplasm arising from the transitional epithelium, usually affecting the urinary bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis. It may or may not have a papillary configuration. It is graded 1 to 3 or 4 according to the degree of cellular differentiation and architectural patterns. Grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma is histologically benign but it may recur. Transitional cell carcinomas may also affect the upper respiratory tract and the ovaries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006509 biolink:NamedThing papillary carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern. A papillary carcinoma may be composed of glandular cells (papillary adenocarcinoma), squamous cells (papillary squamous cell carcinoma), or transitional cells (papillary transitional cell carcinoma). Bladder carcinoma is a representative example of papillary transitional cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006824 biolink:NamedThing Krebs 2 carcinoma Carcinoma having known association to krebs2 gene mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015075 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the thyroid gland. It is usually an adenocarcinoma and includes the following main subtypes: follicular, papillary, medullary, poorly differentiated, and anaplastic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015867 biolink:NamedThing vaginal carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the vaginal epithelium. The majority of vaginal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016718 biolink:NamedThing choroid plexus carcinoma A malignant neoplasm arising from the choroid plexus. It shows anaplastic features and usually invades neighboring brain structures. Cerebrospinal fluid metastases are frequent. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020804 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma A carcinoma involving the basal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021327 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of urethra A carcinoma that involves the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021659 biolink:NamedThing combined carcinoid and adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of a mixture of neuroendocrine cells with morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of carcinoid tumor and malignant glandular cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024878 biolink:NamedThing secondary carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from a pre-existing lower grade epithelial lesion, or as a result of a primary carcinoma that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040677 biolink:NamedThing invasive carcinoma A carcinoma that is not confined to the epithelium, and has spread to the surrounding stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045055 biolink:NamedThing glycogen-rich carcinoma A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with abundant clear cytoplasm which contains glycogen. A representative example is the glycogen-rich, clear cell breast carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001505 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic hepatitis Acute hepatitis resulting from ingestion of alcohol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002184 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced hepatitis Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse drug effect. The adverse effect may result from a direct toxic effect of a drug or metabolite, or an idiosyncratic response to a drug or metabolite. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002252 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous hepatitis Hepatitis that is characterized by the presence of granulomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005787 biolink:NamedThing hepatic tuberculosis Infection of the liver with species of mycobacterium, most often mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is characterized by localized small tuberculous miliary lesions or tumor-like mass (tuberculoma), and abnormalities in liver function tests. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007027 biolink:NamedThing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Fatty replacement and damage to the hepatocytes not related to alcohol use. It may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016264 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hepatitis Hepatitis caused by autoantibodies. Drugs, infections, and toxins may trigger the production of the autoantibodies against the liver parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018109 biolink:NamedThing fulminant viral hepatitis Fulminant viral hepatitis is a rapid and severe impairment of liver functions (acute liver failure) with hepatic encephalopathy developing less than 8 weeks after the onset of jaundice, secondary to viral hepatitis mainly due to HBV, but also to HAV. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006644 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic liver cirrhosis A disorder of the liver characterized by the presence of fibrotic scar tissue instead of healthy liver tissue. This condition is attributed to excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021104 biolink:NamedThing alcoholic fatty liver disease Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells that is due to alcohol abuse. The fatty changes in the alcoholic fatty liver may be reversible, depending on the amounts of triglycerides accumulated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020977 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous prostatitis An infectious or non-infectious inflammatory process that affects the prostate gland. Infectious causative agents include bacteria, parasites, fungi, and viruses. It is characterized by the formation of granulomas in the prostatic tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022103 biolink:NamedThing chronic prostatitis An infectious or non-infectious chronic inflammatory process that affects the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030705 biolink:NamedThing Trichomonas prostatitis Infection of the prostate gland caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001507 biolink:NamedThing viral labyrinthitis An labyrinthitis caused by infection with Viruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001739 biolink:NamedThing purulent labyrinthitis A labyrinthitis which is a bacterial infectious disease of the inner ear, often causing deafness and loss of vestibular function. This is caused when bacteria spread to the inner ear during the course of severe acute otitis media, purulent meningitis, or an enlarging cholesteatoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001820 biolink:NamedThing focal labyrinthitis A labyrinthitis which is an infectious inflammatory disease of a circumscribed area of either the vestibular or the cochlear portion of the labyrinth, or of both together. This is caused by a chronic suppurative otitis media, mastoiditis, or cholesteatoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001874 biolink:NamedThing toxic labyrinthitis A labyrinthitis induced by alcohol, drug ingestion, or occasionally, inhaled substances that are toxic to the inner ear. Drugs like aminoglycosides, furosemide, ethacrynic acid, acetylsalicyclic acid, amiodarone, quinine, cisplatinum, barbiturates, quinine, anti-Alzheimer's medications, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and anxiolytics can be ototoxic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002006 biolink:NamedThing serous labyrinthitis A labyrinthitits in which bacterial toxins invade the inner ear. It is the most common complication of acute or chronic middle ear infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001508 biolink:NamedThing patulous eustachian tube A eustachian tube disorder with a wider eustachian tube which allows a larger bolus of bacteria-laden material from the nasopharynx during an infection to enter the middle ear, causing a more fulminant infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001511 biolink:NamedThing thyrotoxic exophthalmos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001643 biolink:NamedThing exophthalmic ophthalmoplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004184 biolink:NamedThing urethral disorder A disease involving the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001556 biolink:NamedThing urethral obstruction Blockage of the normal flow of urine in the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001721 biolink:NamedThing urethral intrinsic sphincter deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001730 biolink:NamedThing urethral syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004760 biolink:NamedThing urethral false passage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004826 biolink:NamedThing urethral calculus A concretion in the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004909 biolink:NamedThing urethral gland abscess DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006550 biolink:NamedThing fibroepithelial polyp of urethra A benign polypoid lesion of mesodermal origin that arises from the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021239 biolink:NamedThing urethra neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003182 biolink:NamedThing anterior horn disorder Anterior horn disease is one of a number of medical disorders affecting the anterior horn of the spinal cord. Anterior horn diseases include spinal muscular atrophy, poliomyelitis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001518 biolink:NamedThing spastic entropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001591 biolink:NamedThing senile entropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001636 biolink:NamedThing mechanical entropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001637 biolink:NamedThing cicatricial entropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020159 biolink:NamedThing congenital entropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001520 biolink:NamedThing kleptomania A disorder characterized by the recurrent failure to resist the impulse to steal items of little intrinsic value; the individual experiences a rising subjective sense of tension before the theft and a sense of gratification or relief during the theft. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001521 biolink:NamedThing intermittent explosive disorder A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of serious assaultive acts or destruction of property due to a failure to resist aggressive impulses; the degree of aggression during these episodes is grossly out of proportion to any psychosocial provocation. The aggressive episodes are not etiologically linked to another mental disorder, a general medical condition, or substance use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001522 biolink:NamedThing pyromania A disorder characterized by a fascination with fire and recurrent episodes of fire setting during which the individual experiences a rising subjective sense of tension before the fire setting and a sense of gratification or relief when setting the fire. There is no ulterior motive (such as monetary gain or the expression of political ideology) to the fire setting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040870 biolink:NamedThing primary polydipsia A form of polydipsia characterised by excessive fluid intake in the absence of physiological stimuli to drink. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001525 biolink:NamedThing thyrocalcitonin secretion disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004564 biolink:NamedThing thyroid malformation An anatomic abnormality of the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005333 biolink:NamedThing hyperthyroxinemia Abnormally elevated thyroxine level in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005420 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism Abnormally low levels of thyroid hormone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006120 biolink:NamedThing C-cell hyperplasia Neoplastic or reactive proliferation of the C-cells in the thyroid gland. The neoplastic C-cell hyperplasia is associated with familial medullary thyroid gland carcinoma and multiple endocrine neoplasia type II and IIB. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of clusters of intrafollicular C-cells with atypical cytologic features. The reactive C-cell hyperplasia is also known as physiological or secondary C-cell hyperplasia and it is associated with conditions that cause hypercalcemia (e.g., hyperparathyroidism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006666 biolink:NamedThing atrophy of thyroid Tissue degeneration and diminished size of the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001530 biolink:NamedThing secondary hyperparathyroidism of renal origin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012850 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic nephrolithiasis/osteoporosis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012851 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic nephrolithiasis/osteoporosis 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016383 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by polyuria with polydipsia, recurrent bouts of fever, constipation, and acute hypernatremic dehydration after birth that may cause neurological sequelae. Polyuria may exceed 10 litres in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006964 biolink:NamedThing secondary hyperparathyroidism Overproduction of parathyroid hormone in response to influence external to the parathyroid glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001750 biolink:NamedThing non-renal secondary hyperparathyroidism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001533 biolink:NamedThing pes anserinus tendinitis or bursitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001557 biolink:NamedThing olecranon bursitis A bursitis that involves the olecranon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001747 biolink:NamedThing tibial collateral ligament bursitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004764 biolink:NamedThing fibular collateral ligament bursitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001535 biolink:NamedThing vagus nerve disorder A disease involving the vagus nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004279 biolink:NamedThing glossopharyngeal motor neuropathy Diseases of the ninth cranial (glossopharyngeal) nerve or its nuclei in the medulla. The nerve may be injured by diseases affecting the lower brain stem, floor of the posterior fossa, jugular foramen, or the nerve's extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include loss of sensation from the pharynx, decreased salivation, and syncope. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia refers to a condition that features recurrent unilateral sharp pain in the tongue, angle of the jaw, external auditory meatus and throat that may be associated with syncope. Episodes may be triggered by cough, sneeze, swallowing, or pressure on the tragus of the ear. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1390) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016372 biolink:NamedThing glossopharyngeal neuralgia Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a condition characterized by repeated episodes of severe pain in the tongue, throat, ear, and tonsils (areas connected to the ninth cranial nerve, or glossopharyngeal nerve). It typically occurs in individuals over age 40. Episodes of pain may last from a few seconds to a few minutes, and usually occur on one side. The pain may be triggered by swallowing, speaking, laughing, chewing or coughing. The condition is thought to be due to irritation of the nerve, although the source of irritation is unclear. The goal of treatment is to control pain, but over-the-counter pain medications are not very effective; the most effective drugs are anti-seizure medications. Some antidepressants help certain people. Surgery to cut or take pressure off of the glossopharyngeal nerve may be needed in severe cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001680 biolink:NamedThing vaginal mullerian papilloma A benign papilloma that arises from the vagina in infants and young women. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001731 biolink:NamedThing benign vaginal mixed epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasm A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of benign epithelial and benign mesenchymal elements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001537 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous epididymitis An urogenital tuberculosis involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the epididymis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004778 biolink:NamedThing epididymo-orchitis A disorder involving inflammation of the epididymis and testes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001855 biolink:NamedThing rubeosis iridis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004037 biolink:NamedThing retinal edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006797 biolink:NamedThing hypertensive retinopathy Retinopathy due to hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006843 biolink:NamedThing macular holes A hole in the macula of the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006952 biolink:NamedThing retinopathy of prematurity A bilateral retinopathy characterized by neovascularization, scarring, retinal detachment, and eventually blindness. It may be mild or severe. It occurs in babies born prematurely. Causes include oxygen toxicity and hypoxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010371 biolink:NamedThing Aland island eye disease An X-linked recessive retinal disease characterized by fundus hypopigmentation, decrased visual acuity, nystagmus, astigmatism, progressive axial myopia, defective dark adaptation and protanopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010633 biolink:NamedThing iris hypoplasia with glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018460 biolink:NamedThing Eales disease Eales disease (ED) is an idiopathic, inflammatory retinal venous occlusive disease characterized by 3 stages: vasculitis, occlusion and retinal neovascularization, leading to recurrent vitreous hemorrhages and vision loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018616 biolink:NamedThing central serous chorioretinopathy Central serous chorioretinopathy is a disease that causes fluid to build up under the retina, the back part of the inner eye that sends sight information to the brain. The fluid leaks from thechoroid (theblood vessel layer under the retina). The cause of this condition is unknown but stress can be a risk factor. Signs and symptoms include dim and blurred blind spot in the center of vision, distortion of straight linesand seeingobjectsas smaller or farther away. Many cases of central serous chorioretinopathy improve without treatment after 1-2 months. Laser treatment may be an option for other individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019112 biolink:NamedThing cancer-associated retinopathy Cancer associated retinopathy (CAR) is a paraneoplastic disease of the eye associated with the presence of extraocular malignancy and circulating autoantibodies against retinal proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019973 biolink:NamedThing persistent placoid maculopathy Persistent placoid maculopathy is characterised by white plaque-like lesions involving the macula but sparing the peripapillary areas of both eyes. It has been described in five patients. In contrast to patients with macular serpiginous choroiditis presenting with similar lesions, the five patients reported so far with persistent placoid maculopathy had good visual acuity until the onset of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or pigmentary mottling. The macular lesions fade after several months or years, but the vascular anomalies persist leading to a loss of central vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022410 biolink:NamedThing retinal ciliopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023868 biolink:NamedThing melanoma associated retinopathy Melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) is a rare autoimmune condition that occurs in some people with melanoma (a type of skin cancer) and can affect the vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034978 biolink:NamedThing isolated foveal hypoplasia A rare macular disorder characterized mostly by a variable degree of decreased visual acuity, jerk or pendular nystagmus, and typical ocular findings at imaging. The disease is usually bilateral. Rarely, nystagmus can be absent. Locally, the disease is characterized by underdeveloped foveal pit, absence of foveal pigmentation and/or foveal avascular zone, and persistence of inner retinal layers at the fovea, in absence of concomitant ocular or systemic pathology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700115 biolink:NamedThing proliferative vitreoretinopathy Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800343 biolink:NamedThing rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002681 biolink:NamedThing choroid plexus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the choroid plexus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003021 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the brain, spinal cord or meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006700 biolink:NamedThing choroid cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007672 biolink:NamedThing glomuvenous malformation Glomuvenous malformations (GVMs) are hereditary vascular malformations characterized by the presence of small, multifocal bluish-purple venous lesions involving the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007918 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or intellectual disability Microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema or intellectual disability (MCLID) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by variable expression of microcephaly, ocular disorders including chorioretinopathy, congenital lymphedema of the lower limbs, and mild to moderate intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007920 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 5 A frequent form of late-onset, primary lymphedema characterized by lower limb lymphedema typically developing during puberty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009760 biolink:NamedThing Norman-Roberts syndrome Lissencephaly syndrome, Norman-Roberts type is characterised by the association of lissencephaly type I with craniofacial anomalies (severe microcephaly, a low sloping forehead, a broad and prominent nasal bridge and widely set eyes) and postnatal growth retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020048 biolink:NamedThing internal carotid agenesis Internal carotid artery (ICA) agenesis (uni or bilateral) is a developmental defect that may be asymptomatic or lead to cerebrovascular lesions. It is a rare malformation, with only around hundred cases reported in the literature. When symptoms are present, they are caused by cerebrovascular insufficiency, compression of the brain by vessels that dilate to compensate for the absence of the ICA, or the presence of an aneurysm. Associated intracranial aneurysms occur in 25 to 35% of patients and are often responsible for intracranial hemorrhage, which may present as the initial symptom. The absence of the ICA is the result of either agenesis or aplasia. The term agenesis is used when both the ICA and its bony canal are absent, whereas there is some evidence of carotid canals in cases of aplasia. The absence of the ICA can be detected by angiography or by computerised tomography. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021053 biolink:NamedThing carotid body paraganglioma A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia adjacent to or in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. Most patients present with a slow growing, painless mass in the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021487 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of choroid A benign neoplasm that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021627 biolink:NamedThing eyelid capillary hemangioma A capillary hemangioma arising from the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024539 biolink:NamedThing choroidal dystrophy, central areolar, 1 Any central areolar choroidal dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCY2D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031037 biolink:NamedThing famililal cerebral cavernous malformations A rare evolutive vascular malformation disorder characterized by closely clustered irregular dilated capillaries that can be asymptomatic or that can cause variable neurological manifestations such as seizures, non-specific headaches, progressive or transient focal neurologic deficits, and/or cerebral hemorrhages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044764 biolink:NamedThing benign choroid plexus neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001539 biolink:NamedThing retinal perforation A usually small tearing of the retina occurring when the vitreous separates from the retina. It may lead to retinal detachment. Symptoms include flashes and floaters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005464 biolink:NamedThing rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Retinal detachment secondary to retinal tear or break. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001541 biolink:NamedThing plantar nerve lesion A peripheral nerve lesion that involves the plantar nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001542 biolink:NamedThing common peroneal nerve lesion A peripheral nerve lesion that involves the common fibular nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004797 biolink:NamedThing mononeuritis of lower limb A mononeuritis simplex that involves the hindlimb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001544 biolink:NamedThing tibial nerve palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001829 biolink:NamedThing lumbosacral plexus lesion A nerve plexus disease that involves the lumbosacral nerve plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004546 biolink:NamedThing lumbar plexus neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the lumbar nerve plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024454 biolink:NamedThing sacral nerve plexus disorder A disease that involves the sacral nerve plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024333 biolink:NamedThing sciatica A condition characterized by pain radiating from the back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg. Sciatica may be a manifestation of sciatic neuropathy; radiculopathy (involving the spinal nerve roots; L4, L5, S1, or S2, often associated with intervertebral disk displacement); or lesions of the cauda equina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001546 biolink:NamedThing hypermobility of coccyx DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003940 biolink:NamedThing Kummell disease A disease that presents as vertebral osteonecrosis typically affecting a thoracic vertebra with compression deformity, intravertebral vacuum cleft, and exaggerated kyphosis weeks to months after a minor traumatic injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001548 biolink:NamedThing hepatic coma A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with liver failure, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and confusion (frequently progressing to coma); asterixis; nystagmus, pathologic; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; muscle spasticity; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see reflex, babinski). electroencephalography may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009295 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease VII Muscle phosphofructokinase (PFK) deficiency (Tarui's disease), or glycogen storage disease type 7 (GSD7), is a rare form of glycogen storage disease characterized by exertional fatigue and muscular exercise intolerance. It occurs in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009340 biolink:NamedThing non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency Nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency (NSHA due to HK1 deficiency) is a very rare conditionmainly characterized by severe, chronic hemolysis, beginning in infancy. Approximately 20 cases of this condition have been described to date. Signs and symptoms of hexokinase deficiency are very similar to those of pyruvate kinase deficiency but anemia is generally more severe. Some affected individuals reportedly have had various abnormalities in addition to NSHA including multiple malformations, panmyelopathy, and latent diabetes.Itcan be caused by mutations in the HK1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment may include red cell transfusions for those with severe anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009902 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous porphyria Congenital erythropoietic porphyria, or Günther disease, is a form of erythropoietic porphyria characterized by very severe and mutilating photodermatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009946 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia due to pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase deficiency Hemolytic anemia due to pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase deficiency is a rare, hereditary, hemolytic anemia due to an erythrocyte nucleotide metabolism disorder characterized by mild to moderate hemolytic anemia associated with basophilic stippling and the accumulation of high concentrations of pyrimidine nucleotides within the erythrocyte. Patients present with variable features of jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, gallstones, and sometimes require transfusions. Rare cases of mild development delay and learning difficulties are reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010392 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to phosphoglycerate kinase 1 deficiency Phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) deficiency is a metabolic disorder characterized by variable combinations of nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia, myopathy, and various central nervous system abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012143 biolink:NamedThing hereditary cryohydrocytosis with reduced stomatin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012700 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular acidosis, distal, 4, with hemolytic anemia Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) with anemia is a very rare form of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) characterized by a defect in renal acidification and hereditary hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012747 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to aldolase A deficiency Glycogen storage disease due to aldolase A deficiency is an extremely rare glycogen storage disease characterized by hemolytic anemia with or without myopathy or intellectual deficit. Myopathy can be severe enough to result in fatal rhabdomyolysis in some patients. A family with episodic rhabdomyolysis (triggerd by fever) without hemolytic anemia has recently been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019403 biolink:NamedThing congenital dyserythropoietic anemia Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) is a heterogenous group of hematological disorders of late erythropoiesis and red cell abnormalities that lead to anemia. Five types of CDA are defined: CDA I, CDA II, CDA III, CDA IV and thrombocytopenia with CDA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019531 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia due to glutathione reductase deficiency Haemolytic anaemia due to glutathione reductase (GSR) deficiency is characterised by nearly complete absence of GSR activity in erythrocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020458 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia due to erythrocyte adenosine deaminase overproduction Hemolytic anemia due to erythrocyte adenosine deaminase overproduction is a rare, genetic, hematologic disease characterized by mild, chronic hemolytic anemia (due to highly elevated adenosine deaminase activity in red blood cells resulting in their premature destruction), elevated reticulocyte count, splenomegaly and mild hyperbilirubinemia. Other cells and tissues are not affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060455 biolink:NamedThing X-linked congenital hemolytic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007915 biolink:NamedThing systemic lupus erythematosus An autoimmune multi-organ disease typically associated with vasculopathy and autoantibody production. Most patients have antinuclear antibodies (ANA). The presence of anti-dsDNA or anti-Smith antibodies are highly-specific. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007595 biolink:NamedThing factor VII and Factor VIII, combined deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008552 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 16 An inherited blood coagulation disease characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance with macrothrombocytopenia, platelet anisocytosis, prolonged bleeding time but only mildly increased bleeding tendency that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the ITGA2B gene on chromosome 17q21.31 or the ITGB3 gene on chromosome 17q21.32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009009 biolink:NamedThing hypoplasminogenemia Severe hypoplasminogenemia (HPG) or type 1 plasminogen (plg) deficiency is a systemic disease characterised by markedly impaired extracellular fibrinolysis leading to the formation of ligneous (fibrin-rich) pseudomembranes on mucosae during wound healing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009158 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, fibronectinemic type Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) form a heterogeneous group of inherited connective tissue disorders characterized by variable joint hypermobility and cutaneous hyperextensibility. Type X is distinguished by platelet dysfunction associated with a fibronectin abnormality. Type X EDS has been described in only one family so far. Age of onset is about 13-25 years. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009885 biolink:NamedThing Scott syndrome Scott syndrome is an extremely rare congenital hemorrhagic disorder characterized by hemorrhagic episodes due to impaired platelet coagulant activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010097 biolink:NamedThing Tatsumi factor deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011588 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 12 An inherited blood coagulation disease characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of mildly increased bleeding, platelet aggregation defect, and impaired conversion of arachidonic acid to thromboxane A2 in platelets due to deficiency in PTGS1 activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012031 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 10 Any inherited bleeding disorder, platelet-type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD36 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012354 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 8 P2Y12 defect is a rare hemorrhagic disorder characterized by mild to moderate bleeding diathesis with easy bruising, mucosal bleedings, and excessive post-operative hemorrhage due to defect of the platelet P2Y12 receptor resulting in selective impairment of platelet responses to adenosine diphosphate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013597 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 14 Any inherited bleeding disorder, platelet-type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBXAS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014386 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 18 Bleeding disorder due to CalDAG-GEFI deficiency is a rare hematologic disease due to defective platelet function and characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding starting in infancy (around 18 months of age), presenting with prolonged and severe epistaxis, hematomas and bleeding after tooth extraction. Massive menorrhagia and chronic anemia have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018047 biolink:NamedThing familial thrombomodulin anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019111 biolink:NamedThing familial thrombocytosis Familial thrombocytosis is a type of thrombocytosis, a sustained elevation of platelet numbers, which affects the platelet/megakaryocyte lineage and may create a tendency for thrombosis and hemorrhage but does not cause myeloproliferation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019138 biolink:NamedThing bleeding diathesis due to a collagen receptor defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100326 biolink:NamedThing Glanzmann thrombasthenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001551 biolink:NamedThing ulceration of vulva DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001938 biolink:NamedThing vulvar dystrophy A non-neoplastic lesion that affects the vulva and is characterized by thinning or thickening of the skin and dryness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001555 biolink:NamedThing neonatal thyrotoxicosis A hypermetabolic syndrome characterized by tachycardia, palpitations, tremor, weight loss, and moist skin that is caused by the elevation of thyroid hormone levels in the serum of the newborn infant or thyroid-axis receptor activation, most commonly due to transplacental passage of thyroid stimulating globulins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010138 biolink:NamedThing thyrotoxicosis A hypermetabolic syndrome caused by the elevation of thyroid hormone levels in the serum. Signs and symptoms include tachycardia, palpitations, tremor, weight loss, warm weather intolerance, and moist skin. Causes include Graves disease, toxic nodular goiter, toxic thyroid nodule, and lymphocytic thyroiditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005881 biolink:NamedThing oligohydramnios A lower than normal quantity of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac as compared to normal values. Typically associated with an amniotic fluid index (AFI) of less than 5 cm or a single maximum vertical pocket (MVP) of less than 2 cm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001562 biolink:NamedThing displacement of cardia through esophageal hiatus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003569 biolink:NamedThing cranial nerve neuropathy A neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorder that affects one of the cranial nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001584 biolink:NamedThing ocular motility disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006930 biolink:NamedThing pseudobulbar palsy A condition affecting cranial nerves IX-XII resulting from upper motor neuron damage arising from a variety of causes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007946 biolink:NamedThing jaw-winking syndrome Marcus-Gunn syndrome is characterised by ptosis associated with maxillopalpebral synkinesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016374 biolink:NamedThing cranial neuralgia A neuralgia that involves the cranial neuron projection bundle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001565 biolink:NamedThing abnormal retinal correspondence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005557 biolink:NamedThing calcium metabolic disease Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002123 biolink:NamedThing calcinosis Deposition of calcium in the tissues. It may be the result of a metabolic disorder or long-standing infection, or it may be associated with the presence of cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0400002 biolink:NamedThing calcium-alkali syndrome The ingestion of excessive calcium supplementation or calcium containing antacids, and alkali resulting in a triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001569 biolink:NamedThing acoustic neuroma A type of benign brain tumor that begins in the Schwann cells, which produce the myelin that protects the acoustic nerve - the nerve of hearing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002546 biolink:NamedThing schwannoma A benign, usually encapsulated slow growing tumor composed of Schwann cells. It affects peripheral and cranial nerves. It recurs infrequently and only rare cases associated with malignant transformation have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002548 biolink:NamedThing cellular schwannoma A morphologic variant of schwannoma characterized by hypercellularity, Antoni A pattern, and the absence of well-formed Verocay bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002549 biolink:NamedThing schwannoma of twelfth cranial nerve A schwannoma that involves the hypoglossal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002555 biolink:NamedThing trigeminal schwannoma A schwannoma that involves the trigeminal nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002556 biolink:NamedThing microcystic/reticular schwannoma The rarest histopathologic subtype of Schwannoma. The reported cases have been located in the gastrointestinal submucosa or subcutaneous tissue. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of a microcyst-rich network of spindle cells with minimal amount of cytoplasm and Antoni A tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002558 biolink:NamedThing melanotic neurilemmoma A rare circumscribed, non-encapsulated and grossly pigmented nerve sheath tumor. It is composed of cells with the immunophenotypic and electron microscopic features of Schwann cells which contain melanosomes and are positive for melanoma markers. It usually involves spinal nerve roots but may occur in other locations. It may be associated with PRKAR1A gene mutation and Carney complex. Malignant behavior has been reported in a significant number of patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002559 biolink:NamedThing plexiform schwannoma A schwannoma characterized by a plexiform or multinodular growth pattern. It usually arises from the skin or subcutaneous tissues in the extremities, trunk, and head and neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002768 biolink:NamedThing true hermaphroditism A rare condition characterized by the unequivocal presence of both testicular and ovarian tissues in an individual. It is usually manifested with ambiguous external genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017576 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of sex development Conditions affecting individuals with 46,XX karyotype characterized by atypical development of one or more of the following: the gonads, the internal reproductive structures, the external reproductive/genital structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017975 biolink:NamedThing sex chromosome disorder of sex development Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including monosomy; trisomy; and mosaicism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020040 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of sex development Differences of sex development in individuals with 46,XY karyotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024665 biolink:NamedThing indeterminate sex and/or pseudohermaphroditism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006106 biolink:NamedThing benign smooth muscle neoplasm A benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth muscle tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006767 biolink:NamedThing gastric antral vascular ectasia Dilatation of the vessels in the antrum of the stomach. It is associated with portal hypertension, scleroderma, and chronic renal failure. It may cause gastric bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008094 biolink:NamedThing familial multiple nevi flammei A congenital vascular malformation in the skin (birthmark) characterized by the presence of dilated capillaries. The affected area of the skin is flat and reddish-purplish in color. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001577 biolink:NamedThing respiratory syncytial virus infectious disease Infection with the respiratory syncytial virus, an RNA virus of the genus Pneumovirus, in the family Paramyxoviridae, which is characterized by the formation of syncytia in tissue culture. It causes minor respiratory infection with rhinitis and cough in adults, but is capable of causing severe bronchitis and bronchopneumonia in young children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005856 biolink:NamedThing Mononegavirales infectious disease Infections with viruses of the order mononegavirales. The concept includes filoviridae infections; paramyxoviridae infections; and rhabdoviridae infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005762 biolink:NamedThing Filoviridae infectious disease Infections with viruses of the family filoviridae. The infections in humans consist of a variety of clinically similar viral hemorrhagic fevers but the natural reservoir host is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005944 biolink:NamedThing Rhabdoviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by rhabdoviridae. Important infections include rabies; ephemeral fever; and vesicular stomatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005812 biolink:NamedThing influenza An acute viral infection of the respiratory tract, occurring in isolated cases, in epidemics, or in pandemics; it is caused by serologically different strains of viruses (influenzaviruses) designated A, B, and C, has a 3-day incubation period, and usually lasts for 3 to 10 days. It is marked by inflammation of the nasal mucosa, pharynx, and conjunctiva; headache; myalgia; often fever, chills, and prostration; and occasionally involvement of the myocardium or central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006012 biolink:NamedThing viral pneumonia Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001580 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal duct cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the lacrimal duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002464 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001582 biolink:NamedThing cicatricial ectropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001695 biolink:NamedThing senile ectropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002042 biolink:NamedThing mechanical ectropion An ectropion with a mechanical etiology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002044 biolink:NamedThing spastic ectropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020161 biolink:NamedThing congenital ectropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009662 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 7 Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII) is a very rare lysosomal storage disease belonging to the group of mucopolysaccharidoses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030524 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis, type 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001588 biolink:NamedThing chronic lacrimal gland enlargement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004800 biolink:NamedThing chronic dacryoadenitis Chronic form of dacryoadenitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001597 biolink:NamedThing submandibular gland disorder A disease involving the submandibular gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001598 biolink:NamedThing benign lymphoepithelial lesion of salivary gland A benign lesion that involves the salivary glands, usually the parotid gland. It affects females more often than males and it may be a manifestation of autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren syndrome. There is an increased incidence of benign lymphoepithelial lesions in HIV-positive patients. It is characterized by the presence of a marked lymphocytic infiltrate and epi-myoepithelial islands in the affected salivary gland. Patients usually present with firm and painless swelling of the affected salivary gland. There is an increased risk for development of lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001600 biolink:NamedThing mucocele of salivary gland A benign cyst located in the salivary gland that is lined by epithelium and filled with mucoid fluid, tissue, or other material; it is usually caused by duct obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005899 biolink:NamedThing parotid disorder A disease involving the parotid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006864 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing sialometaplasia A benign, inflammatory, variably ulcerated, occasionally bilateral, self-healing lesion of the minor salivary glands that is often confused clinically and histologically with carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006970 biolink:NamedThing sialolithiasis A concretion in the salivary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001601 biolink:NamedThing Plasmodium ovale malaria An malaria caused by infection with Plasmodium ovale. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001943 biolink:NamedThing Plasmodium malariae malaria Malaria resulting from infection by Plasmodium malariae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001944 biolink:NamedThing mixed malaria A malaria that involves infection with more than one species of Plasmodium at the same time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005670 biolink:NamedThing blackwater fever A complication of malaria resulting from hemolysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005920 biolink:NamedThing Plasmodium falciparum malaria Malaria resulting from infection by Plasmodium falciparum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005921 biolink:NamedThing Plasmodium vivax malaria Malaria resulting from infection by Plasmodium vivax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001602 biolink:NamedThing labia minora carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the labia minora. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001702 biolink:NamedThing labia majora carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the labia majora. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002655 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous Paget disease A skin carcinoma that is characterized by infiltration of the skin by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004083 biolink:NamedThing Borst-Jadassohn intraepidermal carcinoma A rare cutaneous lesion presenting as a scaly verrucous plaque. Morphologically, the plaque contains nests of basaloid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006973 biolink:NamedThing skin appendage carcinoma A carcinoma arising from the sebaceous glands, sweat glands, or the hair follicles. Representative examples include sebaceous carcinoma, apocrine carcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, and pilomatrical carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021010 biolink:NamedThing skin lymphangiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm of the skin arising from the lymphatic vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002829 biolink:NamedThing bartholin gland carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland. It usually affects women over fifty and presents with enlargement of the Bartholin gland. Various histologic subtypes have been identified and include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024873 biolink:NamedThing clitoral carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the clitoris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001603 biolink:NamedThing paralytic lagophthalmos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001622 biolink:NamedThing mechanical lagophthalmos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001623 biolink:NamedThing cicatricial lagophthalmos DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002327 biolink:NamedThing intracranial cavernous angioma A cavernous hemangioma arising from the brain and meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018935 biolink:NamedThing hairy cell leukemia Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare type of leukemia in which abnormal B-lymphocytes are present in the bone marrow, spleen and peripheral blood. It is a slowly progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The name comes from the abnormally shaped lymphocytes with hair-like projections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004110 biolink:NamedThing refractory hairy cell leukemia Hairy cell leukemia that is resistant to treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017600 biolink:NamedThing hairy cell leukemia variant Hairy Cell Leukemia variant (HCL-V) is defined as a rare and indolent form of small, mature, B-cell leukemia characterized by splenomegaly, an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count and hyper-cellular bone marrow. HCL-V is more aggressive and resistant to therapy than classical HCL (HCL-C). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001608 biolink:NamedThing vagus nerve neoplasm A neoplasm involving a vagus nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003783 biolink:NamedThing lymphopenia Reduction in the number of lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001611 biolink:NamedThing phlegmonous dacryocystitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004925 biolink:NamedThing chronic dacryocystitis Chronic form of dacryocystitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023023 biolink:NamedThing neonatal dacryocystitis Inflammation of the lacrimal sac in a newborn due to blocked drainage of tears or infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001612 biolink:NamedThing carotid stenosis A narrowing of the carotid artery lumen. It is usually caused by the formation of an atherosclerotic plaque. Symptoms are usually present when there is severe narrowing or obstruction of the arterial lumen and manifest as ischemic cerebrovascular accidents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004763 biolink:NamedThing carotid artery dissection Spontaneous or traumatic separation of the layers of the carotid artery wall. It manifests with headache, neck pain, temporary vision loss, and/or ischemic stroke. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006690 biolink:NamedThing carotid artery thrombosis Blood clot formation in any part of the carotid arteries. This may produce carotid stenosis or occlusion of the vessel, leading to transient ischemic attack; cerebral infarction; or amaurosis fugax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022535 biolink:NamedThing autonomic facial cephalgia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043479 biolink:NamedThing adenoviridae infectious disease An infectious process caused by adenovirus. The virus may cause respiratory illness, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, and cystitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001616 biolink:NamedThing lobomycosis A chronic, fungal, subcutaneous infection endemic in rural regions in South America and Central America. The causal organism is Lacazia labol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001617 biolink:NamedThing transient global amnesia A condition characterized by sudden, temporary, usually short-lived memory loss, not associated with a neurologic disorder. Affected individuals lose memory function for recent events and have a decreased ability to retain new information. It is usually a solitary event. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003040 biolink:NamedThing retrograde amnesia The loss of access to memories that were previously encoded; this disorder is most commonly preceded by trauma, including physical brain injury, stroke, or seizure, but may also be psychogenic in origin. Memory loss may be temporary or permanent, but the ability to encode new memories or skills is not generally affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003398 biolink:NamedThing anterograde amnesia Loss of the ability to form new memories beyond a certain point in time. This condition may be organic or psychogenic in origin. Organically induced anterograde amnesia may follow craniocerebral trauma; seizures; anoxia; and other conditions which adversely affect neural structures associated with memory formation (e.g., the hippocampus; fornix (brain); mammillary bodies; and anterior thalamic nuclei). (From Memory 1997 Jan-Mar;5(1-2):49-71) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021702 biolink:NamedThing alcohol amnestic disorder A mental disorder associated with chronic ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) and nutritional deficiencies characterized by short term memory loss, confabulations, and disturbances of attention. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001618 biolink:NamedThing balanoposthitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001725 biolink:NamedThing balanitis xerotica obliterans A chronic and progressive inflammatory process that affects the glans penis and the foreskin. It presents with white atrophic patches in the glans of penis and foreskin and it is often associated with the development of a sclerotic, whitish ring in the tip of the foreskin that may lead to phimosis. It is also known as lichen sclerosus of the penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024392 biolink:NamedThing anaerobic balanitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001620 biolink:NamedThing louse-borne relapsing fever An infection that is caused by certain species of Rickettsia or Borrelia, which are transmitted to humans from infected lice; it is characterized by sudden fever, chills, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, and possibly a rash. Symptoms usually persist for two to nine days, then disappear, with recurrence after several weeks if the patient remains untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006922 biolink:NamedThing Anaplasmataceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family anaplasmataceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001625 biolink:NamedThing corpus luteum cyst A ovarian cyst (disease) that involves the corpus luteum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003282 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002224 biolink:NamedThing malignant ovarian cyst A cystic cancerous tumor arising from the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043154 biolink:NamedThing neonatal ovarian cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001630 biolink:NamedThing branch retinal artery occlusion An occlusion of a branch of the retinal artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006948 biolink:NamedThing retinal artery occlusion An occlusion of the retinal artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001985 biolink:NamedThing partial arterial retinal occlusion A partial occlusion of the retinal artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004583 biolink:NamedThing transient retinal arterial occlusion A partial, temporary occlusion of the retinal artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001856 biolink:NamedThing splenic artery aneurysm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002277 biolink:NamedThing arteriosclerosis disorder A vascular disorder characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002641 biolink:NamedThing subclavian artery aneurysm A subclavian aneurysm is weakness or bulging in the wall of the subclavian artery, which is located below the collarbone. If the aneurysm ruptures, it can cause life-threatening, uncontrolled bleeding. Blood clots caused by the aneurysm can potentially lead to stroke or loss of fingers, the hand or, in rare cases, the entire arm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003506 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary artery choriocarcinoma A rare choriocarcinoma that arises from a pulmonary artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004207 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary artery leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the pulmonary artery It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005279 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary embolism The obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by an embolus, sometimes associated with infarction of the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005490 biolink:NamedThing large artery stroke Stroke caused by the blockage of blood flow in one of the large arteries feeding the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006061 biolink:NamedThing cervical artery dissection A tear within the wall of any of the arteries of the neck (carotid artery or vertebral artery) and that allows blood to separate the wall layers. By separating a portion of the wall of the artery (a layer of the Tunica intima or tunica media), a dissection creates two lumens or passages within the vessel, the native or true lumen, and the "false lumen" created by the new space within the wall of the artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008373 biolink:NamedThing retinal arterial tortuosity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008436 biolink:NamedThing Sneddon syndrome Sneddon's syndrome (SS) is a rare non-inflammatory thrombotic vasculopathy characterized by the combination of cerebrovascular disease with livedo racemosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018585 biolink:NamedThing pediatric arterial ischemic stroke DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021727 biolink:NamedThing aberrant subclavian artery Aberrant subclavian artery is a rare vascular anomaly that is present from birth. It usually causes no symptoms and is oftendiscovered as an incidental finding (such as througha barium swallow or echocardiogram). Occasionally the anomaly causes swallowing difficulty (dysphagia lusoria). Swallowing symptoms in childrenmay present asfeeding difficulty and/or recurrent respiratory tract infection. When aberrant subclavian artery causes no symptoms, treatment is not needed. If the anomaly is causing significant symptoms, treatment may involve surgery. Children with symptomatic aberrant subclavian artery should be carefully evaluated for additional vascular and heart anomalies.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021896 biolink:NamedThing anterior spinal artery stroke DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043187 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary artery agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005264 biolink:NamedThing transient ischemic attack A brief attack (from a few minutes to an hour) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001632 biolink:NamedThing intracranial arteriosclerosis Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of arteries inside the skull. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the arterial intima; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include headache; confusion; transient blindness (amaurosis fugax); speech impairment; and hemiparesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003310 biolink:NamedThing Monckeberg arteriosclerosis A type of arteriosclerosis in which calcification of the tunica media is the predominant feature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004190 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic adenoma of urinary bladder A metaplastic lesion of the urothelium found in the urinary bladder. It is characterized by the presence of aggregates of cuboidal or hobnail cells and represents a reaction of the urothelium to injury caused by instrumentation, surgery or calculi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044906 biolink:NamedThing bladder urothelial papilloma A benign neoplasm of the bladder that involves the transitional epithelium projecting above the surrounding epithelial surface and consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001638 biolink:NamedThing protein-deficiency anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016625 biolink:NamedThing acquired deficiency anemia An instance of deficiency anemia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001642 biolink:NamedThing hordeolum externum A hordeolum that results from obstruction and infection of an eyelash follicle and adjacent glands of Zeis or Moll glands. Follicle obstruction may be associated with blepharitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004917 biolink:NamedThing internal hordeolum A hordeolum that results from infection of a meibomian gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003134 biolink:NamedThing proliferative glomerulonephritis A constellation of renal disorders characterized by an increase number of cells in the glomerulus; these disorders generally present with nephrotic syndrome, and generally progress to end stage renal failure over a matter of weeks to years, depending on the etiology. Examples include IgA nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001645 biolink:NamedThing crescentic glomerulonephritis A histopathologic term for a pattern of diseases characterized by extensive crescent formation in the glomeruli; patients present clinically with rapid deterioration of renal function, and possible progression to end-stage renal failure within weeks or months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001647 biolink:NamedThing benign renovascular hypertension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006947 biolink:NamedThing renovascular hypertension High blood pressure secondary to renal artery stenosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005361 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic esophagitis Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, allergic disease of the esophagus characterized clinically by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction (including vomiting, dysphagia, feeding disorders, food impaction and abdominal pain) which persist after treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022901 biolink:NamedThing Crohn disease of the esophagus An Crohn disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001791 biolink:NamedThing neonatal urinary tract infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002649 biolink:NamedThing scrotum Paget disease A mammary Paget's disease that involves the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001652 biolink:NamedThing scrotum melanoma A melanoma (disease) that involves the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005105 biolink:NamedThing melanoma A malignant, usually aggressive tumor composed of atypical, neoplastic melanocytes. Most often, melanomas arise in the skin (cutaneous melanomas) and include the following histologic subtypes: superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, and lentigo maligna melanoma. Cutaneous melanomas may arise from acquired or congenital melanocytic or dysplastic nevi. Melanomas may also arise in other anatomic sites including the gastrointestinal system, eye, urinary tract, and reproductive system. Melanomas frequently metastasize to lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002971 biolink:NamedThing amelanotic melanoma A melanoma characterized by the complete absence of melanin pigment in the melanoma cells. It occurs more frequently on the face and it is often associated with desmoplastic reaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002973 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid cell melanoma A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant large epithelioid melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002975 biolink:NamedThing malignant breast melanoma A melanoma that arises usually from the breast skin and less often from the breast glandular tissue. Primary breast melanomas are rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004141 biolink:NamedThing melanomatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006749 biolink:NamedThing mixed epithelioid and spindle cell melanoma A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant large epithelioid melanocytes and malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015694 biolink:NamedThing malignant melanoma of the mucosa A melanoma (disease) that involves the mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022623 biolink:NamedThing CDK4 linked melanoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042494 biolink:NamedThing childhood malignant melanoma A melanoma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001660 biolink:NamedThing proliferative diabetic retinopathy Advanced retinopathy due to diabetes mellitus characterized by the formation of new vessels in the retina. The new vessels are abnormal and fragile. If hemorrhage occurs due to the vascular fragility, there is increased risk of vision loss or blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001661 biolink:NamedThing background diabetic retinopathy An early stage of diabetic retinopathy that is characterized by retinal hemorrhage and exudate, but without proliferation of the blood vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004728 biolink:NamedThing diabetic macular edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001663 biolink:NamedThing hole retinal cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001919 biolink:NamedThing cystoid macular retinal degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002174 biolink:NamedThing preretinal fibrosis A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) retinal pigment epithelial cells. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or detaching the fovea centralis. Epiretinal membranes may cause vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in association with retinal holes, ocular concussions, retinal inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004904 biolink:NamedThing toxic maculopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005150 biolink:NamedThing age-related macular degeneration Age-related loss of vision in the central portion of the retina (macula), secondary to retinal degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006949 biolink:NamedThing retinal drusen Colloid or hyaline bodies lying beneath the retinal pigment epithelium. They may occur either secondary to changes in the choroid that affect the pigment epithelium or as an autosomal dominant disorder of the retinal pigment epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001664 biolink:NamedThing submucous uterine fibroid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001745 biolink:NamedThing subserous uterine fibroid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001841 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus epithelioid leiomyoma A morphologic variant of uterine corpus leiomyoma characterized by the presence of round or polygonal epithelioid smooth muscle cells forming clusters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001842 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus dissecting leiomyoma A rare morphologic variant of uterine corpus leiomyoma. Macroscopically, it is characterized by large, fungating, and multinodular neoplasm masses arising from the uterine corpus, and extending into the broad ligament or the peritoneal cavity. Microscopically, it shows neoplastic smooth muscle cells infiltrating the myometrium. The neoplastic cells are arranged in a micronodular pattern. Hydropic changes and increased vascularity are also present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001843 biolink:NamedThing uterus interstitial leiomyoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001844 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus myxoid leiomyoma A morphologic variant of uterine corpus leiomyoma characterized by extensive myxoid degeneration of the neoplasm connective tissue stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001845 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus lipoleiomyoma A rare morphologic variant of uterine corpus leiomyoma characterized by the presence of scattered islands of mature adipocytes within the smooth muscle neoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001846 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus bizarre leiomyoma A morphologic variant of uterine corpus leiomyoma characterized by significant cytologic atypia. The atypical cells are large with pleomophic hyperchromatic nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003704 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus diffuse leiomyomatosis An unusual condition characterized by the presence of numerous small benign smooth muscle neoplasms located throughout the body of the uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004161 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus apoplectic leiomyoma A morphologic variant of uterine corpus leiomyoma characterized by zones of hemorrhagic infarction surrounded by hypercellular areas. It usually develops in women of childbearing years, particularly those that are pregnant, post-partum, or taking oral contraceptives. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004162 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus cellular leiomyoma A morphologic variant of leiomyoma arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by a dense cellular infiltrate composed of spindle or round cells with scant cytoplasm and a less obvious interlacing fascicle pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001923 biolink:NamedThing vitreoretinal dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001924 biolink:NamedThing dystrophies primarily involving the retinal pigment epithelium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001925 biolink:NamedThing retinal dystrophy in systemic or cerebroretinal lipidoses DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007176 biolink:NamedThing helicoid peripapillary chorioretinal degeneration Helicoid peripapillary chorioretinal degeneration is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited chorioretinal degeneration disease, presenting at birth or infancy, characterized by progressive bilateral retinal and choroidal atrophy, appearing as lesions on the optic nerve and peripheral ocular fundus and leading to central vision loss. Congenital anterior polar cataracts are sometimes associated with this disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007640 biolink:NamedThing Sorsby fundus dystrophy A rare progressive autosomal dominant macular dystrophy, presenting between the third and sixth decades of life, characterized by retinal atrophy and retinal detachment and leading to loss of central vision, then peripheral vision, and eventually blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008246 biolink:NamedThing pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (PPRCA) is a rare, commonly bilateral and symmetric retinal disease characterized by non-progressive or slowly progressive chorioretinal atrophy, peripapillary pigmentary changes and accumulation of ''bone-corpuscle'' pigmentation along the retinal veins and which is usually asymptomatic or can present with mild blurred vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008766 biolink:NamedThing amaurosis-hypertrichosis syndrome Amaurosis hypertrichosis is characterised by severe retinal dystrophy marked by visual impairment and profound photophobia without night blindness. Eye examination suggested a cone-rod type of congenital amaurosis. Trichomegaly, bushy eyebrows with synophyrys, and excessive facial and body hair were also reported. The syndrome has been described in two female cousins both born to consanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009235 biolink:NamedThing familial benign flecked retina Familial benign flecked retina is a rare retinal dystrophy characterized by diffuse bilateral white-yellow fleck-like lessions extending to the far periphery of the retina but sparing the foveal region, with asymptomatic clinical phenotype and absence of electrophysiologic deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009978 biolink:NamedThing retinal degeneration-nanophthalmos-glaucoma syndrome Retinal degeneration-nanophthalmos-glaucoma syndrome is characterized by progressive pigmentary retinal degeneration (with nyctalopia and visual field restriction), cystic macular degeneration and angle closure glaucoma. It has been described in seven members of one family. Patients also have hyperopia and nanophthalmos. The mode of transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009990 biolink:NamedThing Revesz syndrome Revesz syndrome is a rare severe phenotypic variant of dyskeratosis congenita (DC) with an onset in early childhood, characterized by features of DC (e.g. skin hyper/hypopigmentation, nail dystrophy, oral leukoplakia, high risk of bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer, developmental delay sparse and fine hair) in conjunction with bilateral exudative retinopathy, and intracranial calcifications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010558 biolink:NamedThing choroideremia-deafness-obesity syndrome Choroideremia-deafness-obesity syndrome is an X-linked retinal dystrophy characterized by choroideremia, causing in affected males progressive nyctalopia and eventual central blindness. Obesity, moderate intellectual disability and congenital mixed (sensorineural and conductive) deafness are also observed. Female carriers show typical retinal changes indicative of the choroideremia carrier state. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010722 biolink:NamedThing X-linked retinal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010932 biolink:NamedThing progressive bifocal chorioretinal atrophy Progressive bifocal chorioretinal atrophy (PBCRA) is an early-onset chorioretinal dystrophy characterized by large atrophic macular and nasal retinal lesions, nystagmus, myopia, poor vision, and slow disease progression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011579 biolink:NamedThing late-onset retinal degeneration Late-onset retinal degeneration is an inherited retinal dystrophy characterized by delayed dark adaptation and nyctalopia and drusen deposits presenting in adulthood, followed by cone and rod degeneration that presents in the sixth decade of life, which leads to central vision loss. Anterior segment features such as peripupillary iris transillumination defects and abnormally long anterior zonular insertions are also observed. Choroidal neovascularization and glaucoma may occur in the late stages of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012423 biolink:NamedThing MORM syndrome MORM syndrome is characterised by the association of intellectual deficit, truncal obesity, retinal dystrophy and micropenis. It has been described in 14 individuals from a consanguineous family. It is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. The causative locus has been mapped to chromosome region 9q34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014060 biolink:NamedThing progressive retinal dystrophy due to retinol transport defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014195 biolink:NamedThing microcornea-myopic chorioretinal atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014483 biolink:NamedThing retinal dystrophy with inner retinal dysfunction and ganglion cell anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015429 biolink:NamedThing choroideremia-hypopituitarism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015993 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy Inherited retinal dystrophies that belong to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016395 biolink:NamedThing foveal hypoplasia-presenile cataract syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016979 biolink:NamedThing MRCS syndrome MRCS syndrome is a rare, genetic retinal dystrophy disorder characterized by bilateral microcornea, rod-cone dystrophy, cataracts and posterior staphyloma, in the absence of other systemic features. Night blindness is typically the presenting manifestation and nystagmus, strabismus, astigmatism and angle closure glaucoma may be associated findings. Progressive visual acuity deterioration, due to pulverulent-like cataracts, results in poor vision ranging from no light perception to 20/400. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018495 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-limb spasticity-retinal dystrophy-diabetes insipidus syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-limb spasticity-retinal dystrophy-diabetes insipidus syndrome is a rare genetic neurometabolic disease characterized by severe intellectual disability, spastic quadraparesis, Leber´s congenital amaurosis and diabetes insipidus. Additional manifestations include facial dysmorphy (dolichocephalic skull, hypertelorism, deep-set eyes, hypoplastic nares, low-set ears), short stature, truncal hypotonia and axial hypertonia. Brain anomalies (e.g. thin corpus callosum with lack of isthmus and tapered splenium, hypoplasia or atrophy of the optic chiasm, prominent lateral ventricles, diminished white matter), described on magnetic resonance imaging, have been reported. High prenatal α-fetoprotein and intrauterine growth restriction is observed in routine pregnancy examination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019151 biolink:NamedThing oligocone trichromacy Oligocone trichromacy is a rare non-progressive form of cone photoreceptor dysfunction characterised by reduced visual acuity, normal retinal appearance, absent or reduced cone responses on electroretinography but normal colour vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019152 biolink:NamedThing Oguchi disease Oguchi disease is an autosomal recessive retinal disorder characterized by congenital stationary night blindness and the Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035002 biolink:NamedThing isolated inherited retinal disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100437 biolink:NamedThing RPGR-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by a variant in the X-linked gene, RPGR. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100438 biolink:NamedThing AIPL1-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by biallelic variants in the AIPL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100442 biolink:NamedThing RP2-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by variants in the X-linked gene, RP2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100443 biolink:NamedThing RDH5-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by bialleleic variants in the RDH5 gene, often involving flecks in the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100444 biolink:NamedThing RLBP1-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by bialleleic variants in the RLBP1 gene, often involving flecks in the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100445 biolink:NamedThing LCA5-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by biallelic variants in the LCA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100447 biolink:NamedThing ATF6-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by biallelic variants in the AFT6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100448 biolink:NamedThing RAB28-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by biallelic variants in the RAB28 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100449 biolink:NamedThing FLVCR1-related retinopathy with or without ataxia A disorder characterized by retinopathy with ataxia in most patients, caused by biallelic variants in the FLVCR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100454 biolink:NamedThing GUCY2D retinopathy Any inherited retinal dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCY2D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800098 biolink:NamedThing SNRNP200-related dominant retinopathy A retinopathy caused by heterozygous variants in the SNRNP200 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800099 biolink:NamedThing RDH12-related recessive retinopathy A retinopathy, typically severe, and early onset, caused by biallelic variants in the RDH12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800100 biolink:NamedThing RDH12-related dominant retinopathy A retinopathy caused by gain of function, heterozygous variants in the RDH12 gene, and associated with late onset retinopathy with a mild phenotype, characterized by nyctalopia and visual field loss, but relatively preserved central vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800101 biolink:NamedThing NMNAT1-related retinopathy A retinopathy, typically severe and early onset, caused by biallelic variants in the NMNAT1 gene. Some patients have been reported to have spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia syndrome, including sensorineural hearing loss, intellectual disability in addition to retinopathy. However, additional studies are needed to definitively describe this disease association. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800102 biolink:NamedThing CNGA3-related retinopathy A retinopathy, typically described as achromatopsia, caused by biallelic variants in the CNGA3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800391 biolink:NamedThing EYS-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the EYS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800392 biolink:NamedThing GNAT2-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the GNAT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800393 biolink:NamedThing IDH3B-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the IDH3B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800394 biolink:NamedThing MERTK-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the MERTK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800395 biolink:NamedThing PRPF31-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by variants in the PRPF31 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800396 biolink:NamedThing GPR179-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the GPR179 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800397 biolink:NamedThing GRM6-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the GRM6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800398 biolink:NamedThing ADAM9-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the ADAM9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800401 biolink:NamedThing CERKL-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the CERKL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800402 biolink:NamedThing TRPM1-related retinoapthy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the TRPM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800403 biolink:NamedThing CNGB1-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the CNGB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800404 biolink:NamedThing PCARE-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the PCARE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800405 biolink:NamedThing CNGA1-related retinopathy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the CNGA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800406 biolink:NamedThing ABCA4-related retinoapthy An inherited retinopathy caused by bi-allelic variants in the ABCA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800407 biolink:NamedThing NYX-related retinoapthy An X-linked retinopathy caused by variants in the NYX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001667 biolink:NamedThing streptobacillus infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006705 biolink:NamedThing Bacteroidaceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family BACTEROIDACEAE. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006708 biolink:NamedThing Desulfovibrionaceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family Desulfovibrionaceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006781 biolink:NamedThing Helicobacter pylori infectious disease Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006878 biolink:NamedThing Moraxellaceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family moraxellaceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006924 biolink:NamedThing Bartonellaceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family bartonellaceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006925 biolink:NamedThing Fusobacteriaceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family Fusobacteriaceae, in the order Fusobacterales, phylum fusobacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020776 biolink:NamedThing chlamydiaceae infections Infections with bacteria of the family CHLAMYDIACEAE. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041850 biolink:NamedThing pneumonia caused by gram negative bacteria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043953 biolink:NamedThing burkholderia infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus Burkholderia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001668 biolink:NamedThing internal pathological resorption of tooth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001670 biolink:NamedThing tooth resorption Resorption of calcified dental tissue, involving demineralization due to reversal of the cation exchange and lacunar resorption by osteoclasts. There are two types: external (as a result of tooth pathology) and internal (apparently initiated by a peculiar inflammatory hyperplasia of the pulp). (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p676) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001988 biolink:NamedThing external pathological resorption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001997 biolink:NamedThing root resorption Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004038 biolink:NamedThing dental enamel hypoplasia Deficiency in the enamel tissue that results in the formation of grooves, pits, or dents on the surface of the affected teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004059 biolink:NamedThing dentin sensitivity Pain or discomfort caused by exposure of the dentin layer of tooth to thermal, tactile, or other stimuli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006790 biolink:NamedThing hypercementosis A regressive change of teeth characterized by excessive development of secondary cementum on the tooth surface. It may occur on any part of the root, but the apical two-thirds are most commonly affected. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015613 biolink:NamedThing dentin dysplasia Dentin dysplasia (DD) is a rare disorder belonging to the group of hereditary dentin defects and is characterized by abnormal dentin structure and root development resulting in abnormal tooth development. It encompasses two subtypes: DD type I and DD type II. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001676 biolink:NamedThing erythropoietic protoporphyria A rare congenital metabolic disorder characterized by an inborn error of porphyrin-heme biosynthesis. Signs and symptoms include painful cutaneous photosensitivity leading to blistering and scarring of the exposed skin areas, erythrodontia, red discoloration of urine, hemolytic anemia, and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007369 biolink:NamedThing hereditary coproporphyria A form of acute hepatic porphyria characterized by the occurrence of neuro-visceral attacks and, more rarely, by the presence of cutaneous lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008297 biolink:NamedThing variegate porphyria Variegate porphyria is a form of acute hepatic porphyria characterized by the occurrence of neuro-visceral attacks with or without the presence of cutaneous lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013000 biolink:NamedThing porphyria due to ALA dehydratase deficiency Porphyria of doss or deficiency of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (DALAD) is an extremely rare form of acute hepatic porphyria characterized by neuro-visceral attacks without cutaneous manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019800 biolink:NamedThing chronic hepatic porphyria Chronic hepatic porphyrias represent a sub-group of porphyrias. They are characterized by bullous photodermatitis caused by a deficiency of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (URO-D; the fifth enzyme in the heme biosynthesis pathway). Chronic hepatic porphyria encompasses two diseases: porphyria cutanea tarda and hepatoerythropoietic porphyria (extremely rare). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019142 biolink:NamedThing inherited porphyria Porphyrias constitute a group of eight hereditary metabolic diseases characterized by intermittent neuro-visceral manifestations, cutaneous lesions or by the combination of both. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017231 biolink:NamedThing erythropoietic uroporphyria associated with myeloid malignancy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022714 biolink:NamedThing chester porphyria Chester porphyria is a unique type of porphyria with the signs and symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) and the biochemical defects of both AIP and variegate porphyria (VP). Chester porphyria does not conform to any of the recognized types of acute porphyria. The symptoms associated with Chester porphyria are similar to those observed in other acute porphyrias. Treatment is symptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100498 biolink:NamedThing UROD-related inherited porphyria Any inherited porphyria in which the cause of the disease is monoallelic or biallelic variants in the UROD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800180 biolink:NamedThing CPOX-related hereditary coproporphyria Any inherited porphyria in which the cause of the disease is monoallelic or biallelic variants in the CPOX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006000 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous peritonitis A form of peritonitis seen in patients with tuberculosis, characterized by lesion either as a miliary form or as a pelvic mass on the peritoneal surfaces. Most patients have ascites, abdominal swelling, abdominal pain, and other systemic symptoms such as fever; weight loss; and anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002363 biolink:NamedThing papilloma A benign epithelial neoplasm that projects above the surrounding epithelial surface and consists of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002060 biolink:NamedThing intraductal papilloma An intraluminal papillary epithelial neoplasm arising within the ducts. Representative examples are the intraductal breast papilloma and the salivary gland intraductal papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002362 biolink:NamedThing serous surface papilloma A non-invasive papillary serous epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002534 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube papilloma A benign epithelial neoplasm that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of fibrovascular stalks lined by serous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002535 biolink:NamedThing verrucous papilloma A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, lack of significant cytologic atypia, and a wart-like appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002537 biolink:NamedThing inverted papilloma An endophytic benign papillary epithelial neoplasm that results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. Representative examples are the inverted urothelial papilloma that arises from the urinary tract and inverted Schneiderian papilloma that arises from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004787 biolink:NamedThing cervical mullerian papilloma A rare, benign, papillary neoplasm that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular core covered by mucinous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005605 biolink:NamedThing transitional cell papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells which show preservation of the nuclear polarity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006278 biolink:NamedThing lung papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm that arises endobronchially. It is classified as squamous cell, glandular, or mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma. Patients usually present with signs and symptoms of bronchial obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009837 biolink:NamedThing choroid plexus papilloma Papilloma of the choroid plexus is a rare benign type of choroid plexus tumor, accounting for 1% of all brain tumors, often occurring in the fourth ventricle (in adults) and the lateral ventricle (in children) but sometimes arising ectopically in the brain parenchyma, and presenting with nausea, vomiting, papilledema, abnormal eye movements, as well as enlarged head circumference, seizures and gait impairment due to an increase in intracranial pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021276 biolink:NamedThing papilloma of buccal mucosa A papilloma that involves the buccal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001682 biolink:NamedThing diphtheritic peritonitis A peritonitis which involves inflammation of peritoneal cavity by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001685 biolink:NamedThing chronic follicular conjunctivitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001690 biolink:NamedThing parasitic conjunctivitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002313 biolink:NamedThing vernal conjunctivitis Inflammation of the cornea that is seasonal in nature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004811 biolink:NamedThing simple chronic conjunctivitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019946 biolink:NamedThing ligneous conjunctivitis Ligneous conjunctivitis (LC) is a rare form of chronic conjunctivitis characterised by the recurrent formation of pseudomembranous lesions most commonly on the palpebral surfaces. It is most frequently reported as a clinical manifestation of severe homozygous or compound-heterozygous hypoplasminogenemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001686 biolink:NamedThing anatomical narrow angle borderline glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001996 biolink:NamedThing steroid-induced glaucoma - borderline DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001689 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophy of tongue papillae DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006777 biolink:NamedThing hairy tongue A benign condition affecting the dorsum of the tongue. It is characterized by defective desquamation resulting in elongation of the filiform papillae. The dorsum of the tongue has a furry appearance and is usually stained black. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007655 biolink:NamedThing fissured tongue DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015384 biolink:NamedThing digestive duplication cyst of the tongue Digestive duplication cyst of the tongue is an extremely rare otorhinolaryngological malformation which occurs during early embryogenesis and is characterized by a single, and on occasion multiple, cystic lesion that is most frequently located in the anterior portion of the tongue, either deeply embedded within it or superficially on it. Depending mostly on size and location of the cyst, patients could be asymptomatic or could present a wide array of symptoms, such as varying degrees of respiratory and feeding difficulties, lingual swelling and protrusion, dysphagia, and more rarely, recurrent bleeding or brownish discharge from a lingual sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001694 biolink:NamedThing diffuse interstitial keratitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001700 biolink:NamedThing megaloblastic anemia Anemia characterized by the presence of unusually large erythroblasts in the bone marrow called megaloblasts. It is usually caused by vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency. Other causes include toxins and drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007925 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome associated with isolated del(5q) A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by a deletion between bands q31 and 33 on chromosome 5. The number of blasts in the bone marrow and blood is <5%. The bone marrow is usually hypercellular or normocellular with increased number of often hypolobated megakaryocytes. The peripheral blood shows macrocytic anemia. This syndrome occurs predominantly but not exclusively in middle age to older women. The prognosis is good and transformation to acute leukemia is rare. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016595 biolink:NamedThing inhalational anthrax A rare acute systemic infection caused by the inhalation of Bacillus anthracis spores (e.g. through infected animal products, bioterrorism) and characterized by an initial stage where patients present with non specific symptoms (fever, cough, chills, fatigue) that is followed by an acute phase during which hemorrhagic mediastinitis occurs that can progress into meningitis, gastrointestinal involvement, and refractory shock, that can be fatal, if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045047 biolink:NamedThing neurosarcoidosis A sarcoidosis that involves the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001707 biolink:NamedThing cardiac sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis affecting the tissues of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016345 biolink:NamedThing non-familial restrictive cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018018 biolink:NamedThing wild type ATTR amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019158 biolink:NamedThing tropical endomyocardial fibrosis Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis is a restrictive cardiopathy, occuring almost exclusively in children and young adults in tropical and subtropical regions, characterized by endocardial fibrosis, affecting the apices and the inflow tract of the right or left ventricle (or both) and manifesting with a restrictive cardimyopathy and atrioventricular regurgitation leading to severe pulmonary hypertension, very high systemic venous pressure and congestive cardiac failure. Suspected etiologies include helminth and protozoal infestation and malnutrition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019159 biolink:NamedThing Loeffler endocarditis Loeffler's endocarditis is a rare restrictive cardiomyopathy characterized by hypereosinophilia and fibrous thickening of the endocardium, with usually large thrombi against the ventricle walls, that can lead to cardiovascular complications such as heart failure and thromboembolism. It manifests with symptoms like edema, fatigue and shortness of breath. It is usually secondary to eosinophil-associated tissue damage and is associated with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, chronic eosinophilic leukemia, carcinoma, or lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019338 biolink:NamedThing sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disorder of unknown cause characterized by the formation of immune granulomas in involved organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001708 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis affecting the lung parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of non-necrotizing granulomas in the lung tissues. It is manifested with dyspnea, cough, fever, night sweats, fatigue, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001709 biolink:NamedThing hypercalcemic sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis with a complication of hypercalcemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006611 biolink:NamedThing skin sarcoidosis Formation of non-necrotizing granulomas in the skin. It may be a manifestation of systemic sarcoidosis or may also arise in isolation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007011 biolink:NamedThing uveoparotid fever A manifestation of sarcoidosis marked by chronic inflammation of the parotid gland and the uvea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020666 biolink:NamedThing Löfgren syndrome A sarcoidosis characterized by the triad of erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on chest radiograph, and joint pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017026 biolink:NamedThing interstitial lung disease specific to adulthood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017027 biolink:NamedThing primary interstitial lung disease specific to adulthood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017029 biolink:NamedThing Langerhans cell histiocytosis specific to adulthood Langerhans cell histiocytosis that occurs during adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001710 biolink:NamedThing perforation of bile duct A rupture in the wall of the extrahepatic or intrahepatic bile duct due to traumatic or pathologic processes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002887 biolink:NamedThing bile duct disorder A disease involving the bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001751 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis Impairment of the bile flow caused by obstruction within the liver, or outside the liver in the bile duct system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002886 biolink:NamedThing common bile duct disorder A disease involving the common bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018805 biolink:NamedThing bile duct cyst Cystic dilatation of the hepatic duct or bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021662 biolink:NamedThing bile duct neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include bile duct adenoma and extrahepatic bile duct lipoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041959 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis of bile duct DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005489 biolink:NamedThing dyslexia A learning disorder characterized by an impairment in processing written words. Reading difficulties can include distortions, omissions or substitutions of characters. Oral and silent reading difficulties can include faulty and slow comprehension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015610 biolink:NamedThing acquired aplastic anemia An instance of aplastic anemia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001714 biolink:NamedThing bejel A chronic skin and tissue disease caused by infection by the endemicum subspecies of the spirochete Treponema pallidum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002896 biolink:NamedThing primary syphilis The subclinical or symptomatic stage of syphilis, occurring at an average of three weeks after contact with an infected individual. It manifests with one or more painless, indurated ulcers (chancres) of the skin or mucous membranes at the site of inoculation. These lesions heal spontaneously within a few weeks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002897 biolink:NamedThing secondary syphilis The secondary stage of syphilis typically that is characterized by generalized rash (including palms and soles), mucocutaneous lesions, and lymphadenopathy. It usually begins one to two months after the primary stage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005822 biolink:NamedThing latent syphilis A stage of syphilis characterized by the serologic evidence of infection by Treponema pallidum without evidence of accompanying signs or symptoms related to the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006992 biolink:NamedThing syphilitic aortitis Cardiovascular manifestations of syphilis, an infection of treponema pallidum. In the late stage of syphilis, sometimes 20-30 years after the initial infection, damages are often seen in the blood vessels including the aorta and the aortic valve. Clinical signs include syphilitic aortitis, aortic insufficiency, or aortic aneurysm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007025 biolink:NamedThing chancre The primary sore of syphilis, a painless indurated, eroded papule, occurring at the site of entry of the infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001715 biolink:NamedThing basilar artery occlusion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001720 biolink:NamedThing gonococcal synovitis An synovitis (disease) caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001722 biolink:NamedThing central pterygium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001723 biolink:NamedThing progressive peripheral pterygium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004109 biolink:NamedThing epiglottis neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the epiglottis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001727 biolink:NamedThing active cochleovestibular Meniere disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007972 biolink:NamedThing Meniere disease A disease of the inner ear (labyrinth) that is characterized by fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss; tinnitus; episodic vertigo; and aural fullness. It is the most common form of endolymphatic hydrops. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001728 biolink:NamedThing active vestibular Meniere disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001729 biolink:NamedThing active cochlear Meniere disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006951 biolink:NamedThing retinal vein occlusion An occlusion of the retinal vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002088 biolink:NamedThing partial retinal vein occlusion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016756 biolink:NamedThing inherited nervous system cancer-predisposing syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008840 biolink:NamedThing ataxia telangiectasia Ataxia-telangiectasia is the association of severe combined immunodeficiency (affecting mainly the humoral immune response) with progressive cerebellar ataxia. It is characterised by neurological signs, telangiectasias, increased susceptibility to infections and a higher risk of cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007534 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a genetic disorder characterized by overgrowth, tumor predisposition and congenital malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008681 biolink:NamedThing WAGR syndrome WAGR syndrome (Wilms tumor - aniridia - genitourinary anomalies - intellectual disability mental retardation) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an unusual complex of congenital developmental abnormalities with intellectual disability, and an increased risk of developing Wilms tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009965 biolink:NamedThing Perlman syndrome Perlman syndrome is characterized principally by polyhydramnios, neonatal macrosomia, bilateral renal tumours (hamartomas with or without nephroblastomatosis), hypertrophy of the islets of Langerhans and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011578 biolink:NamedThing familial papillary thyroid carcinoma with renal papillary neoplasia Familial papillary thyroid carcinoma with renal papillary neoplasia (fPTC/PRN) is an extremely rare inherited tumor syndrome within the familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer group (fNMTC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011584 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group D1 Inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome due to biallelic BRCA2 mutations is a rare cancer-predisposing syndrome, associated with the D1 subgroup of Fanconi anemia (FA), characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, cardiac, brain, intestinal or skeletal abnormalities and predisposition to various malignancies. Bone marrow suppression and the incidence of developmental abnormalities are less frequent than in other FA, but cancer risk is very high with the spectrum of childhood cancers including Wilms tumor, brain tumor (often medulloblastoma) and ALL/AML. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018445 biolink:NamedThing global developmental delay - lung cysts - overgrowth - Wilms tumor syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018492 biolink:NamedThing hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma A manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau disease or other familial renal cell cancer syndromes that present as a malignant epithelial neoplasm of the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of lipid-containing clear cells within a vascular network. The tumor usually is bilateral and polycentric, and metastasizes to unusual sites. Late metastasis is common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042983 biolink:NamedThing neurocutaneous syndrome A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous system, and other organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008667 biolink:NamedThing von Hippel-Lindau disease A familial cancer predisposition syndrome associated with a variety of malignant and benign neoplasms, most frequently retinal, cerebellar, and spinal hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and pheochromocytoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018892 biolink:NamedThing Wyburn-Mason syndrome Wyburn-Mason syndrome or Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc syndrome is characterized by the association of arteriovenous malformations of the maxilla, retina, optic nerve, thalamus, hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006828 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity and paranasal sinus lethal midline granuloma An aggressive, progressive, and destructive lesion affecting the nasal cavities, paranasal sinuses, and the palate. The vast majority of cases are malignant lymphoproliferations affecting the midline of the face in patients with nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010528 biolink:NamedThing anosmia Loss of or impaired ability to smell. This may be caused by olfactory nerve diseases; paranasal sinus diseases; viral respiratory tract infections; craniocerebral trauma; smoking; and other conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010921 biolink:NamedThing nasal dermoid cyst A dermoid cyst that involves the nose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001736 biolink:NamedThing neonatal infective mastitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001737 biolink:NamedThing tetanus neonatorum A syndrome of generalized rigidity with muscle spasms and seizures in the neonatal period resulting from Clostridium tetani toxin production. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002466 biolink:NamedThing eye carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the eye DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002463 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006327 biolink:NamedThing ocular sebaceous carcinoma Ocular sebaceous carcinoma is a rare condition and accounts for 1% to 5.5% of eyelid malignancies and is the third most common eyelid malignancy after basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma. It usually affects elderly women, has a high rate of local recurrence, and a tendency to regional and distant metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003802 biolink:NamedThing cornea cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001742 biolink:NamedThing interval angle-closure glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001868 biolink:NamedThing primary angle-closure glaucoma An angle-closure glaucoma characterized by closure of the anterior chamber angle by an intrinsic defect such that aqueous outflow is blocked and the intraocular pressure becomes inappropriately elevated leading to optic nerve damage and visual field loss. Primary angle-closure glaucoma has symptom progressive peripheral vision loss, decreased vision, and pain, redness, and headache in acute cases. Primary angle closure glaucoma can be caused by anatomically narrow angle, defects in the trabecular meshwork, and iris abnormalities. Primary angle-closure glaucoma has a strong genetic component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001864 biolink:NamedThing residual stage angle-closure glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001966 biolink:NamedThing chronic closed-angle glaucoma Chronic form of angle-closure glaucoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001746 biolink:NamedThing optic disk drusen Optic disk bodies composed primarily of acid mucopolysaccharides that may produce pseudopapilledema (elevation of the optic disk without associated intracranial hypertension) and visual field deficits. Drusen may also occur in the retina (see retinal drusen). (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p355) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002003 biolink:NamedThing papilledema Swelling around the optic disc, usually due to increased intracranial pressure or pressure on the optic nerve by a tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001748 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the maxillary sinus. Representative examples include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001756 biolink:NamedThing frontal sinus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the frontal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001763 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the ethmoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001994 biolink:NamedThing sphenoidal sinus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the sphenoidal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004682 biolink:NamedThing retromolar area cancer A malignant form of neoplasm of retromolar area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005837 biolink:NamedThing mandibular cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the mandible DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005192 biolink:NamedThing exocrine pancreatic carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the exocrine pancreas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006182 biolink:NamedThing digestive system mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the digestive system and is characterized by the presence of a malignant glandular epithelial component and a malignant neuroendocrine component. At least 30% of either component should be present for the diagnosis to be made. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018531 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract A carcinoma that arises from the hepatocytes or intrahepatic bile ducts. The main subtypes are hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma) and cholangiocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021343 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of floor of mouth A carcinoma that involves the mouth floor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024331 biolink:NamedThing colorectal carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the colon or rectum and invades through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006850 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the maxillary sinus. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001749 biolink:NamedThing cortical senile cataract A senile cataract that involves the lens cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001847 biolink:NamedThing nuclear senile cataract A senile cataract that involves the lens nucleus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001754 biolink:NamedThing eclampsia A potentially life-threatening pregnancy-related disorder characterized by tonic-clonic seizures in association with hypertension after the twentieth week of gestation and up to six weeks postpartum and in the absence of other potential causes of seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045048 biolink:NamedThing toxemia of pregnancy A pregnancy induced hypertensive state that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation characterized by an increase in blood pressure, along with body swelling and proteinuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001757 biolink:NamedThing frontal sinus neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the frontal sinus. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005289 biolink:NamedThing paranasal sinus neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the paranasal sinuses. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001764 biolink:NamedThing ethmoidal sinus neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the ethmoid sinus. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043459 biolink:NamedThing radiation-induced disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder which results from exposure to radiation. Examples of non-neoplastic disorders include dermatitis, enteritis, stomatitis, pneumonitis, and cerebritis. Examples of neoplastic disorders include myelodysplastic syndromes, leukemias, and sarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002470 biolink:NamedThing photosensitive trichothiodystrophy A trichothiodystrophy that is photosensitive, and caused by defects in the NER pathway DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015643 biolink:NamedThing photosensitive epilepsy An epilepsy characterized by seizures triggered by visual stimuli that form patterns in space or time, such as flashing lights. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033838 biolink:NamedThing radiation-induced plexopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043458 biolink:NamedThing radiation injury Harmful effects of non-experimental exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation in VERTEBRATES. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043735 biolink:NamedThing osteoradionecrosis Necrosis of bone following radiation injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043771 biolink:NamedThing radiodermatitis A cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a result of exposure to biologically effective levels of ionizing radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043919 biolink:NamedThing radiation pneumonitis Inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001761 biolink:NamedThing favism A condition associated with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, which is characterized by hemolysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005775 biolink:NamedThing G6PD deficiency An X-linked recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the G6PD gene. It is characterized by the absence or presence of very low levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Patients develop hemolytic anemia usually in response to infection or exposure to drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040671 biolink:NamedThing class V glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001762 biolink:NamedThing dentine erosion A tooth erosion, non-bacterial that involves the dentine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004014 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinus ectopic meningioma An extremely rare meningioma that arises as a primary ectopic tumor in the ethmoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001769 biolink:NamedThing acquired tear duct stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001833 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal duct obstruction Blockage of the tear duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001770 biolink:NamedThing gastrin secretion abnormality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001962 biolink:NamedThing abnormality of glucagon secretion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002239 biolink:NamedThing post-surgical hypoinsulinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004058 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cholera A rare syndrome characterized by severe watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria. It is caused by the oversecretion of vasoactive intestinal peptide from the pancreatic islet cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012520 biolink:NamedThing insulin-resistance syndrome type A Type A insulin-resistance syndrome belongs to the group of extreme insulin-resistance syndromes (which includes leprechaunism, the lipodystrophies, Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome and type B insulin resistance syndrome) and is characterized by the triad of hyperinsulinemia, acanthosis nigricans (skin lesions associated with insulin resistance), and signs of hyperandrogenism in females without lipodystrophy and who are not overweight. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016464 biolink:NamedThing insulin-resistance syndrome type B Type B insulin-resistance syndrome belongs to the group of extreme insulin-resistance syndromes (which includes leprechaunism, the lipodystrophies, Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, and type A insulin resistance syndrome) and occurs in the context of immune dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002127 biolink:NamedThing urethral stricture Narrowing of any part of the urethra. It is characterized by decreased urinary stream and often other obstructive voiding symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001773 biolink:NamedThing post-vaccinal encephalitis An acute or subacute inflammatory process of the central nervous system characterized histologically by multiple foci of perivascular demyelination. Symptom onset usually occurs several days after an acute viral infection or immunization, but it may coincide with the onset of infection or rarely no antecedent event can be identified. Clinical manifestations include confusion, somnolence, fever, nuchal rigidity, and involuntary movements. The illness may progress to coma and eventually be fatal. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p921) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005845 biolink:NamedThing meningoencephalitis Inflammation of the meninges and brain, generally secondary to an infectious cause. Pathogens may be bacterial, viral, fungal, or protozoan. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015588 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis A group of autoimmune conditions characterized by inflammation of the limbic system and other parts of the brain.The cardinal sign of limbic encephalitis is a severe impairment of short-term memory; however,symptoms may also include confusion, psychiatric symptoms, and seizures.The symptomstypically develop over a few weeks or months, but they may evolve over a few days. Limbic encephalitis is often associated with an underlying neoplasm (paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis); however some cases never have a neoplasm identified (non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis). Delayed diagnosis is common, but improvements are being made to assist in early detection. Various tests including imaging studies (MRI, PET) laboratory tests (CSF analysis), and tests that measure the electrical activity of the brain (EEG) may be utilized to confirm a diagnosis. Treatment includes removal of the neoplasm (if identified) and immunotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020640 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune encephalitis Inflammation of the brain secondary to an immune response triggered by the body itself. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850104 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic isolated brainstem encephalitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001774 biolink:NamedThing posterior scleritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001804 biolink:NamedThing anterior scleritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006884 biolink:NamedThing panophthalmitis Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040699 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing scleritis A severe form of scleritis with subtypes: necrotising zonal granulomatous inflammation, diffuse non-granulomatous chronic inflammation, mixed pattern of acute purulent inflammation mixed with granulomatous inflammation and sarcoidal pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001775 biolink:NamedThing chronic duodenal ileus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002688 biolink:NamedThing duodenal obstruction Blockage of the normal flow of stomach contents through the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043166 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic lipomatosis duodenal stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004828 biolink:NamedThing lower urinary tract calculus A urolithiasis that involves the lower urinary tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001777 biolink:NamedThing acute gonococcal cystitis Acute form of gonococcal cystitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001778 biolink:NamedThing dermoid cyst of skin A benign hamartomatous tumor that possesses various epidermal derivatives and is due to sequestration of skin along the lines of embryonic closure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002378 biolink:NamedThing dermoid cyst A mature teratoma characterized by the presence of a cyst which is lined by mature tissue resembling the epidermis and the epidermal appendages. It occurs in the ovary, testis, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system and skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008167 biolink:NamedThing dermoid cyst of ovary A cystic teratoma that arises from the ovary. It presents as a cystic mass that contains sebaceous material admixed with hairs. In a minority of cases it is bilateral. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015380 biolink:NamedThing facial dermoid cyst Facial dermoid cyst is a rare, benign cutaneous neoplasm containing keratinized epithelium and dermal derivatives, such as hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, smooth muscle or fibroadipose tissue, which usually manifests as a firm, nonpulsatile mass, often with a sinus opening or a hair-bearing punctum, most commonly located in the periorbital and nasal area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002300 biolink:NamedThing dermis tumor A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004134 biolink:NamedThing benign dermal neurilemmoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005173 biolink:NamedThing actinic keratosis A precancerous lesion of the skin composed of atypical keratinocytes. It is characterized by the presence of thick, scaly patches of skin. Several histologic variants have been described, including atrophic, acantholytic, and hyperkeratotic variants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007476 biolink:NamedThing familial Dupuytren contracture Familial Dupuyren contracture is a rare, genetic, epidermal disease characterized by a, usually unilateral, progressive thickening and shortening of the palmar fascia, leading to permanent flexion contracture of the digits in several members of a family. It most commonly affects the fourth digit, followed by the fifth and then the third (first and second digits are usually spared). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021424 biolink:NamedThing hemangiopericytoma of skin A hemangiopericytoma that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021583 biolink:NamedThing melanocytic skin neoplasm A melanocytic neoplasm that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021634 biolink:NamedThing epithelial skin neoplasm A epithelial neoplasm that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022057 biolink:NamedThing calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor A slow growing, locally invasive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It most often grows intraosseously in the mandible and less frequently in the maxilla. In a minority of cases it grows extraosseously in the gingiva. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrous stroma, epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and amyloid material which is often calcified. Small tumors may be successfully treated with enucleation. Local resection is usually required for larger tumors. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001781 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus adenomatoid tumor A benign mesothelial tumor of the serosal surface of the uterine body and myometrium. It is characterized by the presence of gland-like structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002112 biolink:NamedThing benign peritoneal mesothelioma A rare, benign neoplasm that arises from the peritoneum and is characterized by the presence of gland like structures. Cytologic atypia is absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003328 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube adenomatoid tumor A benign neoplasm that arises from the fallopian tube and originates from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the presence of gland-like structures that are lined by flat or cuboidal cells. It is usually discovered as an incidental finding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004227 biolink:NamedThing epididymal adenomatoid tumor A benign, usually asymptomatic small mesothelial tumor that arises from the epididymis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004230 biolink:NamedThing adenomatoid tumor A benign neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the formation of glandular and tubular patterns. It can occur in several anatomic sites including the pleura, peritoneum, and epididymis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003237 biolink:NamedThing adenomyoma of uterine corpus A usually polypoid, benign neoplasm that arises from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of benign epithelial glands embedded in benign fibromyomatous tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003458 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus adenofibroma A usually polypoid, benign neoplasm that arises from the endometrial cavity. It is characterized by the presence of a mesenchymal core component and an epithelial component that forms a lining on the mesenchymal core. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004526 biolink:NamedThing mixed endometrial stromal and smooth muscle tumor A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the uterine corpus. Representative examples include leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, and endometrial stromal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004221 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus perivascular epithelioid cell tumor A neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation arising from the uterine corpus wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016260 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus rhabdomyosarcoma A rare malignant heterologous neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation arising from the uterine corpus. It usually manifests with vaginal bleeding. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016262 biolink:NamedThing leiomyosarcoma of the corpus uteri An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001790 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord lipoma A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the spinal cord. It is usually associated with dysraphism in which the intraspinal component communicates with a subcutaneous lipoma through a defect in the posterior elements of the spine. Non-dysraphic intramedullary spinal cord lipomas are very rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003843 biolink:NamedThing cerebral hemisphere lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm within the cerebral hemisphere often associated with partial or complete agenesis of the corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003943 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system hibernoma A rare benign slow growing adipose tumor, characterized by the presence of polygonal brown fat cells with abundant cytoplasm, that arises within the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002717 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord intramedullary teratoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001792 biolink:NamedThing epiphora due to insufficient drainage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001918 biolink:NamedThing epiphora due to excess lacrimation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003472 biolink:NamedThing lice infestation A contagious infestation of parasitic insects found on the head (Pediculus humanus capitis), body (Pediculus humanus corporis), or pubic area (Pthirus pubis) that typically cause itching and rash. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003471 biolink:NamedThing Pediculus humanus capitis infestation A infectious disease involving Pediculus humanus capitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003482 biolink:NamedThing Pediculus humanus corporis infestation A infectious disease involving the Pediculus humanus corporis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002594 biolink:NamedThing monkeypox An infection that is caused by an Orthopoxvirus, which is transmitted by primates or rodents, and which is characterized by a prodromal syndrome of fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and lymphedema; initial symptoms are followed by a generalized papular rash that typically progresses from vesiculation through crusting over the course of two weeks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004656 biolink:NamedThing rubella A viral infection caused by the rubella virus. It is initially manifested with flu-like symptoms that last one or two days, followed by the development of a characteristic red rash which lasts from one to five days. The rash first appears in the neck and face. It subsequently spreads to the rest of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005161 biolink:NamedThing human papilloma virus infection An infectious process caused by a human papillomavirus. This infection can cause abnormal tissue growth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005194 biolink:NamedThing Rotavirus infection Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005641 biolink:NamedThing aleutian mink disease A slow progressive disease of mink caused by the aleutian mink disease virus. It is characterized by poor reproduction, weight loss, autoimmunity, hypergammaglobulinemia, increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, and death from renal failure. The disease occurs in all color types, but mink which are homozygous recessive for the Aleutian gene for light coat color are particularly susceptible. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005658 biolink:NamedThing Astroviridae infectious disease Infections with astrovirus, causing gastroenteritis in human infants, calves, lambs, and piglets. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005687 biolink:NamedThing Caliciviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by caliciviridae. They include hepatitis E; vesicular exanthema of swine; acute respiratory infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases of gastroenteritis in humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005720 biolink:NamedThing cowpox A mild, eruptive skin disease of milk cows caused by cowpox virus, with lesions occurring principally on the udder and teats. Human infection may occur while milking an infected animal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005786 biolink:NamedThing Hepadnaviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by the hepadnaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005794 biolink:NamedThing Herpesviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by the herpesviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005876 biolink:NamedThing Nidovirales infectious disease Infections with viruses of the order nidovirales. The concept includes arterivirus infections and coronaviridae infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005914 biolink:NamedThing Picornaviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by the picornaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005927 biolink:NamedThing polyomavirus infectious disease Infections with polyomavirus, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of bk virus is associated with ureteral strictures and cystitis, and that of jc virus with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005985 biolink:NamedThing Togaviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by the togaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021184 biolink:NamedThing deltaretrovirus infections Infections caused by the HTLV or BLV deltaretroviruses. They include human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, ACUTE, HTLV-I-ASSOCIATED). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021682 biolink:NamedThing viral sexually transmitted disease Viral diseases which are potentially transmitted or propagated by sexual conduct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022034 biolink:NamedThing lentivirus infection Virus diseases caused by the Lentivirus genus. They are multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods and persistent infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021697 biolink:NamedThing chlamydia infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002532 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell neoplasm A neoplasm that is composed of squamous epithelial cells. Squamous cell carcinoma is a representative example. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003495 biolink:NamedThing ovarian squamous cell neoplasm A squamous cell tumor that arises from the ovary and is not associated with a germ cell tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024475 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001812 biolink:NamedThing parasitic eyelid infestation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001813 biolink:NamedThing squamous blepharitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002137 biolink:NamedThing noninfectious dermatoses of eyelid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004799 biolink:NamedThing ulcerative blepharitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005878 biolink:NamedThing ocular onchocerciasis Onchocerciasis affecting the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005879 biolink:NamedThing ocular toxoplasmosis Ocular toxoplasmosis is an infection in the eye caused by the parasite, Toxoplasm a gondii. Toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of eye inflammation in the world. Toxoplamosis can beacquired or present at birth (congenital), having crossed the placenta from a newly infected mother to her fetus. Most humans acquire toxoplasmosis by eating raw or undercooked meat, vegetables or milk products, or by coming into contact with infected cat litterbox or sandboxes.In humans,the infectionusually causes no symptoms, and resolves without treatment in a few months. In individuals with compromised immune systems, Toxoplasm a gondii can reactivate to cause disease. Reactivation of a congenital infection was traditionally thought to be the most common cause ofocular toxoplasmosis, but an acquired infection is now considered to be more common. A toxoplasmosis infection that affects the eye usually attacks the retina andinitially resolves without symptoms. However,the inactive parasite maylaterreactivate causing eyepain, blurred vision, and possibly permanent damage, including blindness. Although most cases of toxoplasmosis resolve on their own,for some,inflammation can be treated with antibiotics and steroids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001818 biolink:NamedThing facial neuralgia Neuralgic syndromes which feature chronic or recurrent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease. Disorders of the trigeminal and facial nerves are frequently associated with these conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016371 biolink:NamedThing combined hyperactive dysfunction syndrome of the cranial nerves DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003100 biolink:NamedThing nerve plexus neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the nerve plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001848 biolink:NamedThing Morgagni cataract A form of hypermature cataract formed by liquefaction of the cortex and sinking of the dense nucleus to the bottom of the capsular bag. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001853 biolink:NamedThing contact blepharoconjunctivitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002306 biolink:NamedThing angular blepharoconjunctivitis A blepharoconjunctivitis that is characterized by fissuring, scaling, maceration and erythema of the lateral or medial canthal area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002308 biolink:NamedThing giant papillary conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis that is associated with contact lens wear, and which is characterized by giant papillae in the tarsal conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001859 biolink:NamedThing algoneurodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019369 biolink:NamedThing complex regional pain syndrome Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare neurologic disease painful progressive condition that corresponds to a group of disorders characterized by a disproportionate spontaneous or stimulus-induced pain, accompanied by a variably mixed myriad of autonomic and motor disorders including symptoms such as swelling, allodynia, skin blood supply and trophic disturbances. CRPS most often affects one of the arms, legs, hands, or feet and usually occurs after an injury or trauma to that limb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001867 biolink:NamedThing phaeohyphomycosis An opportunistic fungal infection caused by any of a variety of normally saprophytic fungi with hyaline hyphal elements. For example, Fusarium spp. infect neutropenic patients to cause pneumonia, fungemia, and disseminated infection with cutaneous lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005772 biolink:NamedThing geotrichosis Infection due to the fungus Geotrichum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016426 biolink:NamedThing fusariosis Fusariosis describes a superficial, locally invasive, disseminated infection with the pathogenic fungus species, Fusarium, often found in soil and water, which is mainly transmitted to humans through traumatic inoculation and that manifests with keratitis, onychomycosis and less frequently peritonitis and cellulitis. In the immunocompromised, disseminated fusariosis is more common and it manifests with refractory fever, skin lesions (ecthyma-like, target, and multiple subcutaneous nodules), severe myalgias and sino-pulmonary infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045037 biolink:NamedThing hyalohyphomycosis An opportunistic infection caused by a heterogeneous group of mitosporic fungi with clear (hyalo-) hyphae in the host. Common causative agents include acremonium; aspergillus; chrysosporium; fusarium; paecilomyces; penicillium; pseudallescheria; scedosporium; and scopulariopsis. Normally a dermatomycoses, it can become invasive in the immunocompromised host. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002461 biolink:NamedThing membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli characterized by deposits at the intraglomerular mesangium, resulting in thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, activation of complement, and impaired kidney function secondary to damaged glomeruli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003133 biolink:NamedThing exudative glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli with infiltration by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003135 biolink:NamedThing focal embolic glomerulonephritis Inflammation of a specific segment of glomeruli, which is associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis, and frequently produces microscopic hematuria without azotemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003136 biolink:NamedThing anti-basement membrane glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli secondary to presence of autoantibodies directed at specific antigenic targets within the glomerular basement membrane, causing hematuria, proteinuria, and impaired renal function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003137 biolink:NamedThing diffuse glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli, in which all glomeruli are affected, resulting in renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003139 biolink:NamedThing mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a condition that affects the kidneys. Many experts consider it a variant of minimal change disease, but some experts believe it is a separate condition. It may present with nephrotic syndrome, which is a group of symptoms that include protein in the urine (proteinuria), low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, and swelling. It can also present with blood in the urine (hematuria). MPGN is characterized by an increased number of mesangial cells in the glomeruli in the kidneys and damage to the glomeruli. Glomeruli are the structures that help filter wastes and fluids. MPGN may occur in several renal diseases such as IgA nephropathy (commonly), IgM nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and C1q nephropathy.However, in some cases, the underlying cause of MPGN remains unclear. Treatment may depend on the cause (if known) and may include steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, and/or cyclophosphamide, and other therapies to treat specific symptoms. Most people with MPGN have a good prognosis, but some may develop chronic kidney disease, which can progress to end stage renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003140 biolink:NamedThing immune-complex glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli characterized by the accumulation of antibody-antigen immune complexes, resulting in glomerular damage and impaired kidney function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005342 biolink:NamedThing IgA glomerulonephritis Inflammation of a specific segment of glomeruli within the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005376 biolink:NamedThing membranous glomerulonephritis A slowly progressive inflammation of the glomeruli characterized by immune complex deposits at the glomerular basement membrane, resulting in a thickened membrane, and nephrotic syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005556 biolink:NamedThing lupus nephritis Glomerulonephritis in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006835 biolink:NamedThing lipoid nephrosis A glomerular disorder characterized by the electron microscopic finding of loss of podocyte foot processes. Light microscopic examination does not show glomerular changes. Patients present with proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018904 biolink:NamedThing primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis A rare glomerular disease characterized by a pattern of glomerular injury on kidney biopsy with characteristic light microscopic changes: mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary proliferation, and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). On the basis of immunofluorescence (IF) the disorder is divided into C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) or immunoglobulin-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Through electron microscopy C3G is further divided into Dense deposit disease, with highly electrondense deposits in the glomerular basement membrane, and C3 glomerulonephritis, with mesangial, intramembranous, subendothelial and subepithelial deposits. Secondary causes (autoimmune, infectious, malignancies) are excluded. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019641 biolink:NamedThing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN) is one of the most frequent causes of rapidly progressive GN (RPGN). It is characterized clinically by renal manifestations of RPGN (hematuria, hypertension) leading to renal failure within days or weeks, and may be associated with manifestations of systemic vasculitis (arthralgia, fever, seizures, mono neuritis and lung involvement). Pauci-immune GN is histologically characterized by focal necrotizing and crescentic GN, with mild or absent glomerular staining for immunoglobulin and complement by fluorescence microscopy, which may manifest either as part of a systemic small vessel vasculitis (including microscopic polyangiitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis), or rarely as part of renal-limited vasculitis (RLV, idiopathic crescentic GN). Immunologic classification is based on the presence or absence of circulating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs), namely pauci-immune-GN with ANCA and pauci-immune GN without ANCA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019991 biolink:NamedThing immunotactoid glomerulopathy Immunotactoid glomerulopathy (ITG) is a very rare condition characterized by glomerular accumulation of microtubules in the mesangium and the glomerular basement membrane, that mainly presents with proteinuria, micro-hematuria, nephrotic syndrome, renal insufficiency and hematologic malignancy. ITG and non-amyloid fibrillary glomerulopathy (non-amyloid FGP) are often grouped together as pathogenetically related diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021260 biolink:NamedThing sensory ganglionopathy A disease or disorder that involves the sensory ganglion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016172 biolink:NamedThing acquired sensory ganglionopathy An instance of sensory ganglionopathy that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001876 biolink:NamedThing renal artery atheroma A atherosclerosis that involves the renal artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006044 biolink:NamedThing nephrosclerosis Hardening of the kidney due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (fibrosis), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic hypertension. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ischemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006945 biolink:NamedThing renal artery obstruction Narrowing or occlusion of the renal artery or arteries. It is due usually to atherosclerosis; fibromuscular dysplasia; thrombosis; embolism, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (hypertension, renovascular). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001877 biolink:NamedThing infertility due to extratesticular cause DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001913 biolink:NamedThing oligospermia Decreased number of spermatozoa in the semen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009049 biolink:NamedThing Cushing syndrome due to macronodular adrenal hyperplasia A rare type of Cushing syndrome (CS) characterized by nodular enlargement of both adrenal glands (multiple nodules above 1 cm in diameter) that produce excess cortisol and features of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) independent CS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009420 biolink:NamedThing primary hypergonadotropic hypogonadism-partial alopecia syndrome This syndrome is characterized by primary hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and partial alopecia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009857 biolink:NamedThing persistent Mullerian duct syndrome Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare disorder of sex development (DSD) characterized by the persistence of Müllerian derivatives, the uterus and/or fallopian tubes, in otherwise normally virilized boys. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009916 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of sex development due to 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency Decreased activity of the steroidogenic enzyme, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, associated with mutation(s) in the HSD17B3 gene, leading to reduced testosterone production. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015607 biolink:NamedThing partial chromosome Y deletion Male sterility due to chromosome Y deletion is characterized by a severe deficiency of spermatogenesis. Chromosome Y deletions are a frequent genetic cause of male infertility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015779 biolink:NamedThing 45,X/46,XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis 45,X/46,XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis (45,X/46,XY MGD) is a disorder of sex development (DSD) associated with a numerical sex chromosome abnormality resulting from Y-chromosome mosaicism and leading to abnormal gonadal development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016385 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadism-mitral valve prolapse-intellectual disability syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of hypogonadism due to primary gonadal failure, mitral valve prolapse, mild intellectual deficit and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016674 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis (46,XY PGD) is a disorder of sex development (DSD) associated with anomalies in gonadal development that results in genital ambiguity of variable degree ranging from almost female phenotype to almost male phenotype in a patient carrying a male 46,XY karyotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017173 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic male infertility due to sperm motility disorder Non-syndromic male infertility due to sperm motility disorder is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic male infertility disorder characterized by infertility due to sperm with defects in their cilia/flagella structure, leading to absent motility or reduced forward motility in fresh ejaculate. Reduced semen volume, oligospermia and an increased number of abnormally structured spermatozoa is often present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017967 biolink:NamedThing testicular agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017973 biolink:NamedThing non-classic congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia due to STAR deficency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018393 biolink:NamedThing male infertility with azoospermia or oligozoospermia due to single gene mutation Male infertility with azoospermia or oligospermia due to single gene mutation is a rare, genetic male infertility due to sperm disorder characterized by the absence of a measurable amount of spermatozoa in the ejaculate (azoospermia), or a number of sperm in the ejaculate inferior to 15 million/mL (oligozoospermia), resulting from a mutation in a single gene known to cause azoo- or oligo-spermia. Sperm morphology may be normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018394 biolink:NamedThing male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation Male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation is a rare, genetic male infertility due to sperm disorder characterized by the presence of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology, such as macrozoospermia or globozoospermia, in over 85% of sperm, resulting from mutation in a single gene known to cause teratozoospermia. It is a heterogeneous group that includes a wide range of abnormal sperm phenotypes affecting, solely or simultaneously, head, neck, midpiece, and/or tail. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019928 biolink:NamedThing 48,XXXY syndrome The 48,XXXY syndrome represents a chromosomal anomaly of the aneuploidic type characterized by the presence of two extra X chromosomes in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019929 biolink:NamedThing 49,XXXXY syndrome The 49,XXXXY syndrome represents a chromosomal anomaly of the aneuploidic type characterized by the presence of three extra X chromosomes in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020469 biolink:NamedThing 48,XYYY syndrome 48,XYYY syndrome is a rare Y chromosome number anomaly that affects only males and is characterized by mild-moderate developmental delay (especially speech), normal to mild intellectual disability, large, irregular teeth with poor enamel, tall stature and acne. Radioulnar stenosis and clinodactyly have also been associated. Boys generally present normal genitalia, while hypogonadism and infertility is frequently reported in adult males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023554 biolink:NamedThing acquired testicular failure Testicular failure, the cause of which is not present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035153 biolink:NamedThing male infertility due to acephalic spermatozoa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042605 biolink:NamedThing Y chromosome infertility due to DAZ1 deletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100249 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development (46,XX testicular DSD) is characterized by male external genitalia, ranging from normal to ambiguous with associated testosterone deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100459 biolink:NamedThing azoospermia A male infertility disease characterized by the absence of any measurable level of sperm in semen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000017 biolink:NamedThing testicular regression syndrome A developmental anomaly characterized by the absence of one or both testicles with partial or complete absence of testicular tissue. TRS may vary from normal male with unilateral no-palpable testis through phenotypic male with micropenis, to phenotypic female. The phenotype depends on the extent and timing of the intrauterine accident in relation to sexual development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001878 biolink:NamedThing acquired hypertrophic pyloric stenosis An instance of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001879 biolink:NamedThing anus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the anus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003045 biolink:NamedThing anal gland neoplasm Tumors or cancer of the anal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021469 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of anus A benign neoplasm that involves the anus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006519 biolink:NamedThing rectal cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the rectum. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002166 biolink:NamedThing rectum lymphoma An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the rectum. The majority are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002168 biolink:NamedThing rectum sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the rectum. Representative examples include angiosarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002425 biolink:NamedThing rectosigmoid junction cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the rectosigmoid area. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001880 biolink:NamedThing median rhomboid glossitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001989 biolink:NamedThing atrophic glossitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005631 biolink:NamedThing actinomycosis Actinomycosis is a chronic bacterial infection that commonly affects the face and neck. It is usually caused by an anaerobic bacteria called Actinomyces israelii. Actinomyces are normal inhabitants of the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract, and do not cause an infection unless there is a break in the skin or mucosa. The infection usually occurs in the face and neck, but can sometimes occur in the chest, abdomen, pelvis, or other areas of the body. The infection is not contagious. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015306 biolink:NamedThing Lemierre syndrome Lemierre syndrome is a rare, potentially lethal, oropharyngeal infectious disease occurring in immunocompetent adolescents and young adults that is mainly due to Fusobacterium necrophorum and that is characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein that leads to septic, usually pulmonary, embolism, associated with ENT (ear, nose, and throat) infection that manifests with fever, neck pain, and tonsillopharyngitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001882 biolink:NamedThing bacteriuria The presence of bacteria in the urine which is normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the urinary tract and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an indicator of urinary tract infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002118 biolink:NamedThing urinary system disorder A disease involving the renal system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001926 biolink:NamedThing ureteral disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001953 biolink:NamedThing pyuria The presence of excessive white blood cells in the urine as determined by urinalysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003330 biolink:NamedThing urinary tract obstruction Blockage of the normal flow of contents of the urinary tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024483 biolink:NamedThing urothelial hyperplasia Hyperplasia of the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract. Morphologically it is subdivided into flat and papillary hyperplasia. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024647 biolink:NamedThing urolithiasis Stone(s) within the urinary tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001883 biolink:NamedThing blue toe syndrome A condition that is caused by recurring atheroembolism in the lower extremities. It is characterized by cyanotic discoloration of the toes, usually the first, fourth, and fifth toes. Discoloration may extend to the lateral aspect of the foot. Despite the gangrene-like appearance, blue toes may respond to conservative therapy without amputation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001888 biolink:NamedThing anus lymphoma A usually large cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of B-cell phenotype, arising from the anus. Lymphomas originating from the anal region are rare in the general population, but they are seen with a higher frequency in HIV-positive patients, particularly homosexual men. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003199 biolink:NamedThing anal carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the anus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002775 biolink:NamedThing anovulation The absence of ovulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004194 biolink:NamedThing ovarian stromal hyperthecosis A non-neoplastic disorder that usually affects postmenopausal women. It is characterized by the leuteinization of ovarian stromal cells. The ovaries are bilaterally involved and enlarged. When it affects women in reproductive age, it causes virilization, high blood pressure, and increased insulin levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011972 biolink:NamedThing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome A complication of ovulation induction in infertility treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include ovary enlargement, multiple ovarian follicles; ovarian cysts; ascites; and generalized edema. The full-blown syndrome may lead to renal failure, respiratory distress, and even death. Increased capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances, such as vascular endothelial growth factors, secreted by the overly-stimulated ovaries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025956 biolink:NamedThing ovarian remnant syndrome Ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) is characterized by the presence of residual ovarian tissue after a woman has had surgery to remove one ovary or both ovaries (oophorectomy). Signs and symptoms may include pelvic pain, a pelvic mass, or the absence of menopause after oophorectomy. The condition may be caused by surgical factors leading to incomplete removal of ovarian tissue, including factors that limit surgical exposure of the ovary or compromise surgical technique. Factors may include pelvic adhesions (limiting ability to see the ovary or causing it to adhere to other tissues); anatomic variations; bleeding during surgery; or poor surgical technique. Treatment is indicated for people with symptoms and typically involves surgery to remove the residual tissue. Therapy for those who refuse surgery, cannot have surgery, or do not have a pelvic mass may include hormonal therapy to suppress ovarian function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044098 biolink:NamedThing ovarian ectopic pregnancy An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted on the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001892 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord lymphoma A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the spinal cord as a primary lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044887 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system non-hodgkin lymphoma A non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001893 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord melanoma A melanoma (disease) that involves the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001894 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord sarcoma A sarcoma that arises from the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002542 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord glioma A neoplasm that arises from glial cells in the spinal cord. Representative examples include astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and ependymoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004151 biolink:NamedThing spinal meninges cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the meninx of spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006426 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord primitive neuroectodermal tumor A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified arising from the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044912 biolink:NamedThing metastatic malignant neoplasm in the spinal cord A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the spinal cord from another anatomic site or system. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003761 biolink:NamedThing leptomeningeal melanoma A melanoma that arises from leptomeningeal melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004512 biolink:NamedThing meningeal melanomatosis A meningeal melanoma with secondary diffuse meningeal spread. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002216 biolink:NamedThing brain sarcoma A sarcoma arising from the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002850 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003349 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the central nervous system. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003882 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system fibrosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004308 biolink:NamedThing meningeal sarcoma A rare sarcoma arising from the meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004392 biolink:NamedThing intracranial extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma An extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma arising from the structures within the cranium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004423 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system extraskeletal osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the brain or spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001896 biolink:NamedThing obstructive hydrocephalus An abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain that occurs as a consequence of an obstruction at any location within the ventricular system that prevents cerebrospinal fluid flowing into the subarachnoid space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002045 biolink:NamedThing communicating hydrocephalus An abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain that occurs as a consequence of impaired cerebrospinal fluid reabsorption by the arachnoid granulations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007401 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-Dandy-Walker malformation-hydrocephalus syndrome Craniosynostosis, Dandy-Walker malformation and hydrocephalus is a malformation disorder characterized by sagittal craniosynostosis, Dandy-Walker malformation, hydrocephalus, craniofacial dysmorphism (including dolichocephaly, hypertelorism, micrognathia, positional ear deformity) and variable developmental delay. The inheritance pattern appears to be autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043164 biolink:NamedThing palmer pagon syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001897 biolink:NamedThing bilateral hyperactive labyrinth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001959 biolink:NamedThing labyrinthine bilateral reactive loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002106 biolink:NamedThing labyrinthine unilateral reactive loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002107 biolink:NamedThing unilateral hyperactive labyrinth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003567 biolink:NamedThing bilateral hypoactive labyrinth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004801 biolink:NamedThing unilateral hypoactive labyrinth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005349 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis Formation of spongy bone in the labyrinth capsule which can progress toward the stapes (stapedial fixation) or anteriorly toward the cochlea leading to conductive, sensorineural, or mixed hearing loss. Several genes are associated with familial otosclerosis with varied clinical signs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008015 biolink:NamedThing motion sickness A sensation of discomfort that results from a discordant relationship between visualized movement and any movement sensed by the vestibular system, which is characterized by dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010576 biolink:NamedThing X-linked mixed hearing loss with perilymphatic gusher X-linked mixed deafness with perilymphatic gusher, also known as X-linked deafness type 2, is a rare form of non-syndromic genetic deafnesss affecting males and characterized by pathognomonic inner ear anomalies and conductive and profound sensorineural hearing loss. The inner ear anomalies are described as dilatation of the internal auditory meatus and fistulous connection between the cochlear basal turn and internal auditory canal resulting in perilympatic gusher on attempted mobilization of a fixed stapes. Obligate female carriers may suffer from mild to moderate hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022518 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune inner ear disease A syndrome characterized by rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), that is often bilateral, and is potentially reversible. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024320 biolink:NamedThing inner ear neoplasm A rare neoplasm that arises from the inner ear. Representative examples include lipoma and acoustic schwannoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002289 biolink:NamedThing iris disorder A disease involving the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021225 biolink:NamedThing uvea neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the uvea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001899 biolink:NamedThing rheumatic congestive heart failure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005009 biolink:NamedThing congestive heart failure Failure of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the needs of the body tissues, resulting in tissue congestion and edema. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, pitting edema, enlarged tender liver, engorged neck veins, and pulmonary rales. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006727 biolink:NamedThing diastolic heart failure Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial relaxation during diastole leading to defective cardiac filling. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006993 biolink:NamedThing systolic heart failure Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial contraction during systole leading to defective cardiac emptying. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001901 biolink:NamedThing selective IgG subclass deficiency A classification of dysgammaglobulinemias characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of one of the four immunoglobulin class G (IgG) subclasses. Selective IgG1 deficiency is rare and primarily decreases the immune response to bacterial protein antigens. Selective IgG2 deficiency is the most common subclass deficiency among children and primarily leads to an inadequate response to bacterial polysaccharide antigens. Selective IgG3 deficiency is the most common subclass deficiency among adults and also primarily lowers the response to bacterial proteins. Selective IgG4 deficiency may be a clinically insignificant developmental variant, as IgG4 is a subclass that is virtually undetectable until the end of the first decade of life. Low levels of any IgG subclass will reduce the immune system's effectiveness and thus the clinical presentation of these diseases is usually recurrent infection, particularly by encapsulated bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015697 biolink:NamedThing immunoglobulin heavy chain deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001905 biolink:NamedThing bicipital tenosynovitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002517 biolink:NamedThing tenosynovitis of foot and ankle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001907 biolink:NamedThing adult dermatomyositis Dermatomyositis in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008054 biolink:NamedThing juvenile dermatomyositis Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the early-onset form of dermatomyositis (DM), a systemic, autoimmune inflammatory muscle disorder, characterized by proximal muscle weakness, evocative skin lesion, and systemic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018359 biolink:NamedThing neonatal dermatomyositis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043317 biolink:NamedThing amyopathic dermatomyositis Amyopathic dermatomyositis is a form of dermatomyositis characterized by the presence of typicalskin findingswithout muscle weakness.Some of the skinchanges that suggest dermatomyositis include a pink rash on the face, neck, forearms and upper chest; Gottron's papules and heliotrope eyelids. Pruritis and photosensitivity are common, as is scalp inflammation and thinning of the hair.While patients with amyopathic dermatomyositis should not have clinically evident muscle weakness, minor muscle abnormalities may be included.Fatigue is reported in at least 50% of patients. Some cases have beenassociated with internal malignancy and/or interstitial lung disease. Treatment may include sun avoidance, ample use of sunscreen, topical corticosteroids, antimalarial agents, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, or intravenous (IV) immunoglobulin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001911 biolink:NamedThing tracheal calcification Abnormal deposits of calcium in the tracheal tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002568 biolink:NamedThing tracheal stenosis Narrowing of the lumen of the trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005002 biolink:NamedThing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease A chronic and progressive lung disorder characterized by the loss of elasticity of the bronchial tree and the air sacs, destruction of the air sacs wall, thickening of the bronchial wall, and mucous accumulation in the bronchial tree. The pathologic changes result in the disruption of the air flow in the bronchial airways. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing, productive cough, and chest tightness. The two main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are chronic obstructive bronchitis and emphysema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001914 biolink:NamedThing scleromalacia perforans A rare form of necrotizing anterior scleritis without pain in which the sclera is notably white, avascular and thin. Both choroidal exposure and staphyloma formation may occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001917 biolink:NamedThing chronic perichondritis of pinna Chronic form of perichondritis of auricle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001921 biolink:NamedThing chronic atticoantral disease A chronic purulent otitis media which involves perforation in the attic region (pars flaccida of the tympanic membrane) or at the posterosuperior margin, with in-growth of squamous epithelium into the middle ear. This is caused as a result of poor ventilation of the middle ear and episodes of infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003329 biolink:NamedThing ureteral obstruction Blockage in any part of the ureter causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the urinary bladder. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as hydronephrosis and obstructive nephropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005993 biolink:NamedThing Trichomonas vaginitis urogenital infection A sexually transmitted parasitic infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. Symptoms include vaginal discharge, vaginal odor, vaginal itching, and discomfort during intercourse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001927 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary valve insufficiency Dysfunction of the pulmonary valve characterized by incomplete valve closure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006936 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary valve stenosis The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the pulmonary valve. This lesion restricts blood outflow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. When the trileaflet valve is fused into an imperforate membrane, the blockage is complete. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001928 biolink:NamedThing suppurative cholangitis Cholangitis that is characterized by pyogenic organisms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001929 biolink:NamedThing ascending cholangitis Acute infection of the bile ducts caused by bacteria ascending from the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001931 biolink:NamedThing pericholangitis Inflammation of the tissue surrounding the biliary ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004786 biolink:NamedThing chronic cholangitis Cholangitis that is persistent and long-standing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018646 biolink:NamedThing sclerosing cholangitis A chronic, autoimmune inflammatory liver disorder characterized by narrowing and scarring of the lumen of the bile ducts. It is often seen in patients with ulcerative colitis. Signs and symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and malabsorption. It may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034189 biolink:NamedThing primary biliary cholangitis/primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001936 biolink:NamedThing brawny scleritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001939 biolink:NamedThing skin epithelioid hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002323 biolink:NamedThing cherry hemangioma A capillary hemangioma of the skin, presenting as a red papular lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003143 biolink:NamedThing angiokeratoma A vascular lesion in the papillary dermis resulting from ectasia of pre-existing vessels. It is associated with secondary proliferative changes in the overlying epidermis (hyperkeratosis). It can present with widespread lesions (angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, often associated with inborn errors of metabolism) or as a localized lesion (angiokeratoma of Fordyce, angiokeratoma circumscriptum, and angiokeratoma of Mibelli). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003951 biolink:NamedThing scrotal hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the skin of the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011927 biolink:NamedThing tufted angioma Tufted angioma is a very rare, benign, cutaneous, slow-growing, vascular tumor mostly developing in infancy or early childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018734 biolink:NamedThing verrucous hemangioma A skin hemangioma characterized by the presence of epidermal hyperplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019803 biolink:NamedThing angioma serpiginosum Angioma serpiginosum (AS) is a benign congenital skin disease characterised by progressive dilation of the subepidermal skin vessels manifesting as purple punctate lesions usually appearing on the lower limbs and buttocks and following the lines of Blaschko. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003897 biolink:NamedThing breast epithelioid hemangioma A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells, arising from the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003945 biolink:NamedThing bone epithelioid hemangioma A locally aggressive hemangioma that arises from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001940 biolink:NamedThing pleuropneumonia Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is associated with pleurisy, inflammation of the pleura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004649 biolink:NamedThing anaerobic pneumonia A pneumonia caused by anaerobic bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005682 biolink:NamedThing bronchopneumonia Acute inflammation of the walls of the terminal bronchioles that spreads into the peribronchial alveoli and alveolar ducts. It results in the creation of foci of consolidation, which are surrounded by normal parenchyma. It affects one or more lobes, and is frequently bilateral and basal. It is usually caused by bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae). Signs and symptoms include fever, cough with production of brown-red sputum, dyspnea, and chest pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005716 biolink:NamedThing contagious pleuropneumonia A pleuropneumonia of cattle and goats caused by species of mycoplasma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005749 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic pneumonia An inflammatory lung disorder characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the lungs. The majority of cases are idiopathic, without identifiable cause. In a minority of cases, medications, fungal infections, and environmental triggers have been implicated. It manifests as acute or chronic. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a severe and rapidly progressing pneumonia that may lead to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia follows a slower course and manifests as fever, dyspnea, cough, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005936 biolink:NamedThing recurrent pneumonia Infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (atypical mycobacteria): M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum, M. flavescens, M. gordonae, M. obuense, M. gilvum, M. duvali, M. szulgai, M. intracellulare (see mycobacterium avium complex;), M. xenopi (littorale), M. ulcerans, M. buruli, M. terrae, M. fortuitum (minetti, giae), M. chelonae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800123 biolink:NamedThing bronchiolocentric pattern of interstitial pneumonia An interstitial lung disease characterized histologically by fibrosis and/or inflammation confined to the alveolar interstitium around bronchovascular bundles, overlapping with peribronchial metaplasia, fibrosis in some series and the lack of interstitial granulomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001945 biolink:NamedThing postencephalitic Parkinson disease A disease believed to be caused by a viral illness that triggers degeneration of the nerve cells in the substantia nigra. Overall, this degeneration leads to clinical parkinsonism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021095 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonian disorder A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010482 biolink:NamedThing X-linked parkinsonism-spasticity syndrome X-linked parkinsonism-spasticity syndrome is a rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by parkinsonian features (including resting or action tremor, cogwheel rigidity, hypomimia and bradykinesia) associated with variably penetrant spasticity, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes and Babinski sign. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010709 biolink:NamedThing early-onset parkinsonism-intellectual disability syndrome A basal ganglia disorder characterised by Parkinsonian-type symptoms (postural changes, tremor, rigidity), megalencephaly and variable intellectual deficit. Other signs are frontal bossing, persistent frontal lobe reflexes, strabismus and seizures. It has been described in three generations of one family. Transmission is X-linked, and the gene is located on chromosomal region Xq27.3-qter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012205 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant striatal neurodegeneration type 1 Autosomal dominant striatal degeneration is a neurologic disorder characterized by variable movement abnormalities due to dysfunction in the striatal part of the basal ganglia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013208 biolink:NamedThing cirrhosis - dystonia - polycythemia - hypermanganesemia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017636 biolink:NamedThing hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome Hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome is a rare parkinsonian disorder characterized by unilateral body atrophy and slowly progressive, ipsilateral hemiparkinsonian signs (bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor). Patients typically present with unilateral, action-induced dystonia, in upper or lower limbs, that progresses and becomes bilateral or with tremor which occurs predominantly at rest and progresses to hemiparkinsonism. Scoliosis, scapular winging, raised shoulders, brisk reflexes and extensor plantars are frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017639 biolink:NamedThing carbon monoxide-induced parkinsonism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017640 biolink:NamedThing cyanide-induced parkinsonism Cyanide-induced parkinsonism is a rare parkinsonian syndrome due to intoxication which develops in individuals surviving an acute cyanide intoxication episode or due to chronic exposure to small cyanide doses. It presents several weeks after acute exposure with progressive typical clinical features of parkinsonism including bradykinesia, rigidity, dystonia, hypomimia, hypokinetic dysarthria, postural instability and retropulsion but no resting or postural tremor. Brain MRI reveals bilateral lesions in the pallidum, posterior putamen, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, temporal and occipital cortex, and cerebellum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018321 biolink:NamedThing atypical juvenile parkinsonism Atypical juvenile parkinsonism (AJP) is a complex form of young-onset Parkinson disease (YOPD) that manifests with pyramidal signs, eye movement abnormalities, psychiatric manifestations (depression, anxiety, drug-induced psychosis, and impulse control disorders), intellectual disability, and other neurological symptoms (such as ataxia and epilepsy) along with classical parkinsonian symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019977 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonism with dementia of Guadeloupe Parkinsonism with dementia of Guadeloupe is characterised by symmetrical bradykinesia, predominantly axial rigidity, postural instability with early falls and cognitive decline with prominent features of frontal lobe dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020352 biolink:NamedThing multiple system atrophy, parkinsonian type Multiple system atrophy, parkinsonian type (MSA-p) is a form of multiple system atrophy (MSA) with predominant parkinsonian features (bradykinesia, rigidity, irregular jerky postural tremor, and postural instability). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034901 biolink:NamedThing ATP13A2-related parkinsonism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001947 biolink:NamedThing suppurative thyroiditis Acute inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland due to infections by bacteria; fungi; or other microorganisms. Symptoms include tender swelling, fever, and often with leukocytosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044014 biolink:NamedThing postpartum thyroiditis A transient autoimmune Inflammatory disorder of thyroid gland that occurs postpartum due to any partum problem. It is characterized by the presence of high titers of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. Clinical signs include the triphasic thyroid hormone pattern: beginning with thyrotoxicosis, followed with hypothyroidism, then return to euthyroid state by 1 year postpartum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001951 biolink:NamedThing Norwegian scabies A rare, severe form of scabies that is associated with immunosuppression. It is characterized by an immense number of mites and hyperkeratotic crusted lesions, and is usually accompanied by lymphadenopathy and eosinophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024275 biolink:NamedThing amebic dysentery Dysentery caused by intestinal amebic infection, chiefly with entamoeba histolytica. This condition may be associated with amebic infection of the liver and other distant sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043555 biolink:NamedThing infantile diarrhea Diarrhea occurring in infants from newborn to 24-months old. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001967 biolink:NamedThing gonadal dysgenesis A congenital disorder characterized by the presence of extremely hypoplastic gonads preventing the development of secondary sex characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005758 biolink:NamedThing eunuchism The state of being a eunuch, a male without testes or whose testes failed to develop. It is characterized by the lack of mature male germ cells and testicular hormones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023820 biolink:NamedThing Moebius axonal neuropathy hypogonadism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001969 biolink:NamedThing mixed gonadal dysgenesis A type of defective gonadal development in patients with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y). Karyotypes include 45,X/46,xx; 45,X/46,xx/47,xxx; 46,xxp-; 45,X/46,xy; 45,X/47,xyy; 46,xypi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia, depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ cells to those with normal 46,xx or 46,xy constitution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019499 biolink:NamedThing Turner syndrome Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disorder associated with the complete or partial absence of an X chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020466 biolink:NamedThing monosomy X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020472 biolink:NamedThing Turner syndrome due to structural X chromosome anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001971 biolink:NamedThing farmer's lung disease Hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by the repeated exposure and inhalation of biological dust (such as hay dust, mold spores, or other agricultural products). It is considered a type II hypersensitivity inflammatory reaction. In the acute phase, signs and symptoms include fever, chills, cough, dyspnea, headache, and chest tightness. The subacute phase manifests as chronic cough, dyspnea, anorexia, and weight loss. The chronic phase results from the prolonged exposure to the antigen and is characterized by severe dyspnea and irreversible damage to the lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005668 biolink:NamedThing bird fancier's lung Hypersensitivity granulomatous pneumonitis caused by the inhalation of avian antigens that are present in the dust of the droppings and feathers of many species of birds. In the acute phase it manifests as fever, chills, dyspnea, cough, and chest tightness. Chronic exposure may lead to interstitial lung fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001975 biolink:NamedThing cavernous hemangioma of orbit A cavernous hemangioma arising from the orbit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002526 biolink:NamedThing dermal unilateral segmental cavernous angioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003643 biolink:NamedThing giant hemangioma A cavernous hemangioma characterized by the presence of hylanized vascular channels and is often associated with the presence of calcifications, fibrosis, and hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003645 biolink:NamedThing cavernous hemangioma of face A cavernous hemangioma arising from the face. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006267 biolink:NamedThing liver cavernous hemangioma A hemangioma with cavernous vascular spaces arising from the liver. It is the most frequent benign tumor of the liver and usually affects young females. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008979 biolink:NamedThing chorea, benign familial Benign hereditary chorea (BHC) is a rare movement disorder that beginsin infancy or childhood. Signs and symptoms in infants may include low muscle tone, involuntary movements (chorea), lung infections, and respiratory distress. Signs and symptoms in children may include delayed motor and walking milestones, jerky muscle movements (myoclonus), upper limb dystonia, motor tics, and vocal tics. The chorea often improves with time. In some cases, myoclonus persists or worsens. Children with BHC can havenormal intellect, but may have learning and behavior problems. Other signs and symptoms include thyroid problems (e.g., hypothyroidism) and lung disease (e.g., recurring infections). Treatment is tailored to each child. Tetrabenazine and levodopa have been tried in individual cases with some success. BHC is caused by mutations in the NKX2-1 gene (also known as the TITF1 gene). It is passed through families in an autosomal dominant fashion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021011 biolink:NamedThing hereditary progressive chorea without dementia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001978 biolink:NamedThing regional ureteric cancer Carcinoma of the ureter without spread to any other region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004030 biolink:NamedThing ureter transitional cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the transitional epithelium of the ureter. It is associated with tobacco use and usually presents with gross or microscopic hematuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006482 biolink:NamedThing ureter small cell carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the ureter. It is characterized by the presence of small neuroendocrine cells. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006641 biolink:NamedThing afferent loop syndrome A complication of gastrojejunostomy (billroth II procedure), a reconstructive gastroenterostomy. It is caused by acute (complete) or chronic (intermittent) obstruction of the afferent jejunal loop due to hernia, intussusception, kinking, volvulus, etc. It is characterized by pain and vomiting of bile-stained fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015531 biolink:NamedThing non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis Group of disorders which feature accumulations of active HISTIOCYTES and LYMPHOCYTES, but where the histiocytes are not LANGERHANS CELLS. The group includes HEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS; SINUS HISTIOCYTOSIS; xanthogranuloma; reticulohistiocytoma; juvenile XANTHOGRANULOMA; xanthoma disseminatum; as well as the lipid storage diseases (SEA-BLUE HISTIOCYTE SYNDROME; and NIEMANN-PICK DISEASES). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006412 biolink:NamedThing sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy A rare disorder of unknown etiology characterized by distention of the lymph node sinuses and sinusoidal histiocytic infiltration. The histiocytes characteristically contain ingested lymphocytes. Patients present with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, leukocytosis, and hypergammaglobulinemia. It can affect extranodal sites, including skin, bones, and the respiratory tract. It usually regresses spontaneously. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007725 biolink:NamedThing hereditary progressive mucinous histiocytosis Hereditary progressive mucinous histiocytosis is a rare, benign, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by childhood or adolescence onset of multiple, small, asymptomatic, slowly progressing, skin-colored to red-brown papules with predilection for the face, dorsal hands, forearms and legs, without associated mucosal or visceral involvement. Histologically, papules are well-circumscribed, unencapsulated, nodular aggregates of histiocytes with abundant mucin in the upper and middermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010017 biolink:NamedThing sea-blue histiocyte syndrome A rare, inherited or acquired syndrome characterized by the presence of histiocytes in the bone marrow which contain granules stained blue with hematoxylin-eosin stain, mild thrombocytopenia and purpura, and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015532 biolink:NamedThing generalized eruptive histiocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015533 biolink:NamedThing benign cephalic histiocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015534 biolink:NamedThing juvenile xanthogranuloma A benign histiocytic tumor that occurs during childhood; it is distinct from Langerhans cell histiocytosis. It is characterized by the presence of lipid-laden, foamy histiocytes and Touton-type giant cells in the dermis. The lesions usually develop during infancy. They consist of cutaneous papules and nodules (most often in the head and neck). It is sometimes associated with deep soft tissues nodules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015535 biolink:NamedThing xanthoma disseminatum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015536 biolink:NamedThing papular xanthoma Papular xanthoma is a form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by cutaneous presentation of solitary or disseminated yellow to orange-brown papular or papulonodular, noncoalescent, asymptomatic skin lesions located predominantly on the head, neck, trunk and extremities (rarely on oral mucosa), in the presence of normolipidemia. Microscopically, the lesions consist of monomorphous infiltrate of xanthomatized macrophages and numerous Touton giant cells, with scant or absent inflammatory infiltrate. It is usually not associated with systemic disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015537 biolink:NamedThing necrobiotic xanthogranuloma A cutaneous necrobiotic disorder characterized by firm, yellow plaques or nodules, often in a periorbital distribution. It is often accompanied by an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate; leukopenia; and monoclonal gammopathy (IgG-kappa type) and systemic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015538 biolink:NamedThing indeterminate dendritic cell tumor A very rare dendritic cell tumor composed of spindle to ovoid cells with a phenotype that is similar to the Langerhans cells. Patients usually present with cutaneous papules, nodules, and plaques. Systemic symptoms are usually absent. The clinical course is variable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015539 biolink:NamedThing progressive nodular histiocytosis Progressive nodular histiocytosis is a rare, normolipemic, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by progressive growth of multiple to disseminated, asymptomatic skin lesions that range in appearance from yellow plaques to coalescence-prone red-brown papules, nodules and pedunculated tumors up to 5 cm in size, located typically on the face, trunk and extremities (and rarely on conjuctiva and mucous membranes). Characteristic microscopic findings include a storiform spindle cell infiltrate in the deep dermis with xanthomatized macrophages and some Touton cells in the upper dermis. It is usually not associated with systemic disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018153 biolink:NamedThing Erdheim-Chester disease Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), a non-Langerhans form of histiocytosis, is a multisystemic disease characterized by various manifestations such as skeletal involvement with bone pain, exophthalmos, diabetes insipidus, renal impairment and central nervous system (CNS) and/or cardiovascular involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024617 biolink:NamedThing xanthogranuloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009218 biolink:NamedThing Farber lipogranulomatosis A rare sphingolipid disorder characterized by a spectrum of clinical signs ranging from the classical triad of painful and progressively deformed joints, subcutaneous nodules, and progressive hoarseness (due to laryngeal involvement) that presents in infancy, to varying phenotypes with respiratory and neurologic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012719 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy due to prosaposin deficiency Encephalopathy due to prosaposin deficiency is a lysosomal storage disease belonging to the group of sphingolipidoses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017719 biolink:NamedThing gangliosidosis A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorders marked by the accumulation of gangliosides. They are caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for normal ganglioside degradation in the lysosomes. Gangliosidoses are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the defective degradation pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018129 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with late-onset spasticity Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with late-onset spasticity is a rare, genetic neurodegenerative disease characterized by childhood or adolescent-onset of cerebellar ataxia with dysarthria which slowly progresses and associates pyramidal signs, including lower limb spasticity, brisk reflexes, and Babinski and Hoffman signs. Patients typically present cerebellar ataxia with development of increasing asymmetric spasticity in upper and lower limbs, and variable axonal sensory or sensorimotor neuropathy. Additional heterogeneous features, including pes cavus, scoliolis, and abnormalities of the brain (e.g. cerebral atrophy), may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001986 biolink:NamedThing Argyll Robertson pupil DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001990 biolink:NamedThing malignant cardiac peripheral nerve sheath neoplasm A very rare malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that arises from the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003353 biolink:NamedThing heart leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the heart. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003742 biolink:NamedThing heart fibrosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the heart. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003863 biolink:NamedThing malignant melanocytic neoplasm of the peripheral nerve sheath A rare variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that contain melanin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004345 biolink:NamedThing childhood malignant schwannoma A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004540 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor A rare variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor composed predominantly or exclusively of epithelioid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004545 biolink:NamedThing adult malignant schwannoma A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor occurring during adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004559 biolink:NamedThing malignant glandular tumor of peripheral nerve sheath A variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor characterized by the presence of glandular epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016757 biolink:NamedThing malignant triton tumor Malignant triton tumor (MTT) is a rare aggressive subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) characterized histopathologically by focal rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003562 biolink:NamedThing rete testis neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the rete testis. Representative examples include adenoma and adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002790 biolink:NamedThing seminal vesicle tumor A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the seminal vesicle. Representative examples include cystadenoma and adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003609 biolink:NamedThing seminal vesicle cystadenoma A rare benign cystadenoma that arises from the seminal vesicle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001995 biolink:NamedThing sphenoid sinus squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the sphenoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002301 biolink:NamedThing frontal sinus squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the frontal sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002416 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinus squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the ethmoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0001998 biolink:NamedThing Foster-Kennedy syndrome Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006671 biolink:NamedThing Bacteroides infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus bacteroides. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006765 biolink:NamedThing Fusobacterium infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus fusobacterium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006921 biolink:NamedThing Actinomycetales infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the order actinomycetales. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024388 biolink:NamedThing Clostridium infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus clostridium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024410 biolink:NamedThing infection caused by Bifidobacterium A disease caused by infection with Bifidobacterium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024412 biolink:NamedThing Peptostreptococcus infectious disease A disease caused by infection with Peptostreptococcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024414 biolink:NamedThing anaerobic cellulitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002002 biolink:NamedThing postsurgical hypothyroidism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003271 biolink:NamedThing iodine hypothyroidism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009718 biolink:NamedThing myxedema A condition characterized by severe hypothyroidism that is caused by autoimmune thyroid gland disorders, surgical reduction of thyroid tissue, radiation exposure, and viral infections. Signs and symptoms include generalized fatigue, lethargy, increased body weight, pale, edematous and thickened skin, low blood pressure, constipation and cold intolerance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015777 biolink:NamedThing adult hypothyroidism A hypothyroidism that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002012 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonic acidemia A rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations of the MUT, MMAA, MMAB, MMADHC, and MCEE genes. It is characterized by abnormalities in the metabolism of lipids and proteins. Signs and symptoms usually appear early in life and vary from mild to life threatening. They include vomiting, dehydration, hypotonia, developmental delays, hepatomegaly, lethargy, intellectual disabilities, and chronic kidney disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009283 biolink:NamedThing glutaric acidemia type 3 Glutaryl-CoA oxidase deficiency is a peroxisomal disorder leading to glutaric aciduria. The prevalence is unknown. There is no distinctive phenotype associated with this disorder and one of the reported cases was asymptomatic. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009556 biolink:NamedThing malonic aciduria Malonic aciduria is a metabolic disorder caused by deficiency of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009563 biolink:NamedThing maple syrup urine disease An autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the BCKDHA, BCKDHB, DBT, and DLD genes. It is characterized by a deficiency of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, leading to accumulation of metabolites in the body fluids. The name of the disease derives from the sweet odor of the urine in infants, reminiscent of maple syrup. Signs and symptoms usually appear in infancy and include lethargy and developmental delays. If untreated, it may lead to seizures, coma, and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013579 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016815 biolink:NamedThing Leigh syndrome with leukodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019215 biolink:NamedThing classic organic aciduria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002934 biolink:NamedThing intravascular angioleiomyoma A morphologic variant of angioleiomyoma characterized by the adherence of neoplastic smooth muscle cells to the walls of vascular channels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015293 biolink:NamedThing segmental outgrowth-lipomatosis-arteriovenous malformation-epidermal nevus syndrome Segmental outgrowth-lipomatosis-arteriovenous malformation-epidermal nevus syndrome is a rare, genetic, polymalformative syndrome characterized by progressive, proportionate, asymmetric segmental overgrowth (with soft tissue hypertrophy and ballooning effect) that develops and progresses rapidly in early childhood, arteriovenous and lymphatic vascular malformations, lipomatosis and linear epidermal nevus (arranged in whorls along the lines of Blaschko). Clinical symptoms of Cowden syndrome, such as macrocephaly and progressive development of numerous hypertrophic hamartomatous and neoplastic lesions involving multiple organs and systems, are also associated. Patients present an increased risk of developing cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024286 biolink:NamedThing benign blood vessel neoplasm A benign neoplasm arising from arteries or veins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016230 biolink:NamedThing simple vascular malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016231 biolink:NamedThing capillary malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016311 biolink:NamedThing Bockenheimer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019175 biolink:NamedThing primary lymphedema A congenital condition that results in swelling in the arms or legs, and can occur during adolescence or adulthood. Loss of motion and pain may also accompany the swelling. Protein-rich lymphatic fluid accumulates in tissues, engorging and enlarging vessels and often causing visible swelling, tenderness, and pain. Left untreated, the affected tissues may continue to swell, and can become hardened or fibrotic and susceptible to infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020296 biolink:NamedThing congenital arteriovenous fistula An abnormal, epithelial-lined connection between an artery and vein that is present at the time of birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003909 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland adenomyoma A rare, benign neoplasm that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of a fibromuscular stroma and glands lined by mucin-secreting epithelial cells, arranged in a lobular architecture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006493 biolink:NamedThing Warthin tumor An adenoma characterized by an oncocytic, often papillary, epithelial component, dense lymphoid stroma, and cystic spaces. It occurs primarily in the parotid gland, and is the second most common benign parotid salivary gland tumor. A strong association with smoking has been reported. It typically presents as a painless swelling in the lower portion of the parotid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020805 biolink:NamedThing benign basal cell neoplasm A neoplasm composed of basal cells that remains localized and does not metastasize to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036915 biolink:NamedThing benign ovarian mucinous tumor A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelium that resembles the epithelium of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. It includes mucinous adenofibroma, mucinous cystadenofibroma, and mucinous cystadenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002016 biolink:NamedThing benign familial neonatal epilepsy A condition marked by recurrent seizures that occur during the first 4-6 weeks of life despite an otherwise benign neonatal course. Autosomal dominant familial and sporadic forms have been identified. Seizures generally consist of brief episodes of tonic posturing and other movements, apnea, eye deviations, and blood pressure fluctuations. These tend to remit after the 6th week of life. The risk of developing epilepsy at an older age is moderately increased in the familial form of this disorder. (Neurologia 1996 Feb;11(2):51-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019367 biolink:NamedThing regional odontodysplasia Regional odontodysplasia (ROD) is a localized developmental anomaly of the dental tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004844 biolink:NamedThing oral mucosa leukoplakia A white patch or plaque on the oral mucosa that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease. The diagnosis of leukoplakia is one of exclusion; other conditions such as candidiasis, lichen planus, leukoedema, etc., must be ruled out before a diagnosis of leukoplakia can be made. Leukoplakia may be a premalignant condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021370 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of minor salivary gland A neoplasm (disease) that involves the minor salivary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700096 biolink:NamedThing human disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005071 biolink:NamedThing nervous system disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005137 biolink:NamedThing nutritional disorder Any condition related to a disturbance between proper intake and utilization of nourishment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021178 biolink:NamedThing injury Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024458 biolink:NamedThing disorder of visual system A disease that involves the visual system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029000 biolink:NamedThing poisoning A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious agent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043543 biolink:NamedThing iatrogenic disease Any adverse condition in a patient occurring as the result of treatment by a physician, surgeon, or other health professional, especially infections acquired by a patient during the course of treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044970 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044991 biolink:NamedThing upper digestive tract disorder A disease or disorder that involves the upper digestive tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045024 biolink:NamedThing cancer or benign tumor Any disorder that features disrupted cell proliferation. Includes hyperplasia, neoplastic syndrome and isolated neoplasm diseases as well as precancerous conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100086 biolink:NamedThing perinatal disease A condition affecting an unborn or newly born individual, where the perinatal period is defined in humans as commencing at 22 completed weeks (154 days) of gestation and ending seven completed days after birth. Other, broader definitions of perinatal period cover five months before birth to one month after birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100336 biolink:NamedThing infectious disease or post-infectious disorder A disease or disorder that result from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal or parasitic agent, or a disorder that follows infection with an infectious agent but is distinct from the usual manifestations of the infection itself. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100366 biolink:NamedThing occupational disorder Any disorder that is realized in response to an exposure to occupation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700003 biolink:NamedThing obstetric disorder Disorder associated with pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006154 biolink:NamedThing colon mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma An extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that arises from the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021698 biolink:NamedThing alcohol-related disorders Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or mis-use of alcohol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007079 biolink:NamedThing alcohol dependence Physical and psychological dependence on alcohol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005019 biolink:NamedThing diffuse scleroderma A variant of systemic scleroderma characterized by sclerosis of the skin, Raynaud phenomenon, and organ involvement, including pulmonary fibrosis, renal disease, and gastrointestinal tract involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008418 biolink:NamedThing scleroderma, familial progressive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016356 biolink:NamedThing diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) is a subtype of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) characterized by truncal and acral skin fibrosis with an early and significant incidence of diffuse involvement (interstitial lung disease, oliguric renal failure, diffuse gastrointestinal disease, and myocardial involvement). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016358 biolink:NamedThing limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) is a subtype of systemic sclerosis (SSc) characterized by the association of Raynaud's phenomenon with skin fibrosis limited to the hands, face, feet and forearms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016359 biolink:NamedThing limited systemic sclerosis Limited systemic sclerosis (lSSc) (or SSc sine scleroderma) is a subset of systemic sclerosis (SSc) characterized by organ involvement in the absence of fibrosis of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003448 biolink:NamedThing benign spiradenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm with eccrine or apocrine differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary, well circumscribed, firm nodule in the face and upper trunk. It is characterized by the presence of basaloid cells forming nodules in the dermis. Cases of carcinoma arising from long standing spiradenomas have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021047 biolink:NamedThing breast phyllodes tumor A benign, malignant, or borderline circumscribed biphasic neoplasm that arises from the breast. It usually affects middle-aged women. It is characterized by the presence of a double layer of epithelial cells that are arranged in clefts, surrounded by a spindle cell mesenchymal (stromal) component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002061 biolink:NamedThing intraductal papillary breast neoplasm A benign or malignant papillary neoplasm that arises anywhere in the ductal system of the breast. It is characterized by fibrovascular structures lined by epithelial proliferations. This category includes intraductal papilloma and intraductal papillary carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004007 biolink:NamedThing breast intraductal proliferative lesion A group of non-invasive epithelial proliferations that occur in the ductal system of the breast. The vast majority of cases arise in the terminal ductal lobular units. This category includes atypical ductal hyperplasia, usual ductal hyperplasia, flat epithelial atypia, and ductal carcinoma in situ. There is an increased risk for subsequent development of invasive breast carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040675 biolink:NamedThing myofibroblastoma A benign, well circumscribed soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle shaped myofibroblasts and mast cells in a collagenous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021098 biolink:NamedThing papillomatosis Glandular or squamous cell neoplastic proliferations characterized by the formation of multiple papillary structures diffusely involving a specific anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004226 biolink:NamedThing diffuse intraductal papillomatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004254 biolink:NamedThing focal intraductal papillomatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004267 biolink:NamedThing squamous papillomatosis A benign squamous neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, diffusely involving a specific anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021099 biolink:NamedThing intraductal papillomatosis A neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple intraductal papillomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002066 biolink:NamedThing breast adenomyoepithelioma A usually benign tumor arising from the breast. It is characterized by the proliferation of cells with myoepithelial differentiation around spaces which are lined by epithelial cells. Rarely, the epithelial and/or myoepithelial cells may undergo malignant transformation. Cases with malignant transformation may follow an aggressive clinical course, including recurrences and local and distant metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003990 biolink:NamedThing malignant breast myoepithelioma An invasive malignant tumor that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells. Mitoses are present. Rarely, local recurrences and distant metastases have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004262 biolink:NamedThing breast myoepitheliosis A multifocal neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells within and/or around small breast ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002071 biolink:NamedThing supratentorial cancer Primary and metastatic (secondary) tumors of the brain located above the tentorium cerebelli, a fold of dura mater separating the CEREBELLUM and brain STEM from the cerebral hemispheres and DIENCEPHALON (i.e., THALAMUS and HYPOTHALAMUS and related structures). In adults, primary neoplasms tend to arise in the supratentorial compartment, whereas in children they occur more frequently in the infratentorial space. Clinical manifestations vary with the location of the lesion, but SEIZURES; APHASIA; HEMIANOPSIA; hemiparesis; and sensory deficits are relatively common features. Metastatic supratentorial neoplasms are frequently multiple at the time of presentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002214 biolink:NamedThing brain germinoma A germinoma (disease) that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002682 biolink:NamedThing cerebral ventricle cancer A neoplasm that involves a brain ventricle. It may be a primary neoplasm arising from a brain ventricle, a metastasis from a distant anatomic site, or an extension of an invasive neoplasm from an adjacent brain structure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003107 biolink:NamedThing infratentorial cancer Malignant neoplasms which arise or occur within the intracranial cavity below the tentorium cerebelli. This includes neoplasms within the brain and/or surrounding spaces. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003142 biolink:NamedThing intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor A primitive neuroectodermal tumor that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005499 biolink:NamedThing brain glioma A malignant glioma that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021317 biolink:NamedThing cancer of cerebellum A cancer that involves the cerebellum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003405 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor of the central nervous system occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003750 biolink:NamedThing childhood central nervous system germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor of the central nervous system occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020574 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system nongerminomatous germ cell tumor Germ cell tumors of the central nervous system other than germinoma. This category includes teratoma, choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, and yolk sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003249 biolink:NamedThing pineal gland cancer Abnormal malignant growth of the cells that comprise the pineal parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003171 biolink:NamedThing pineal gland astrocytoma A astrocytoma that involves the pineal body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016722 biolink:NamedThing pineoblastoma Pineoblastoma is a rare, malignant type of supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (sPNET), found mainly in children (less than 10% of cases are reported in adults), and located in the pineal region of the brain but that can metastasize along the neuroaxis. As it is the most aggressive of the pineal parenchymal tumors, it is usually associated with a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002075 biolink:NamedThing spontaneous tension pneumothorax DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004813 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous pneumothorax A pneumothorax in which air enters into the pleural cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006783 biolink:NamedThing hemopneumothorax Collection of air and blood in the pleural cavity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008259 biolink:NamedThing familial spontaneous pneumothorax Familial spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare, genetic pulmonary disease characterized by the uni- or bilateral accumulation of air in the pleural cavity in persons with a positive family history and no underlying lung disease or previous chest trauma. Patients typically present dyspnea associated with acute onset of sharp and steady pleutiric chest pain of variable severity (which resolves within 24h even though pneumothorax is still present). Reflex tachycardia and/or respiratory or circulatory compromise may be observed. Other syndromes (e.g. Birt-Hogg-Dube, Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndromes) may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022098 biolink:NamedThing catamenial pneumothorax Catamenial pneumothorax is an extremely rare condition that affects women. Pneumothorax is the medical term for a collapsed lung, a condition in which air or gas is trapped in the space surrounding the lungs causing the lungs to collapse. Women with catamenial pneumothorax have recurrent episodes of pneumothorax that occur within 72 hours before or after the start of menstruation. The exact cause of catamenial pneumothorax is unknown and several theories have been proposed. Many cases are associated with the abnormal development of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus (endometriosis). Some believe that catamenial pneumothorax is the most common form of thoracic endometriosis (a condition in which the endometrial tissue grows in or around the lungs). A diagnosis of catamenial pneumothorax is usually suspected when a woman of reproductive age and with endometriosis has episodes of pneumothorax.Treatment is with hormones and surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002077 biolink:NamedThing low implantation of placenta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005918 biolink:NamedThing placenta praevia Abnormal placentation in which the placenta implants in the lower segment of the uterus (the zone of dilation) and may cover part or all of the opening of the cervix. It is often associated with serious antepartum bleeding and premature labor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002083 biolink:NamedThing Richter syndrome Transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia into aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, usually diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (immunoblastic or centroblastic variant). Occasional cases of transformation to Hodgkin's lymphoma have also been described, particularly in patients treated with purine nucleotide analogues. Molecular genetic studies suggest that in approximately half of the cases, the lymphoma is clonally related to the underlying chronic lymphocytic leukemia, whereas in the remaining cases the lymphoma probably represents a secondary, unrelated neoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011424 biolink:NamedThing Carney triad Carney's triad is a rare non-hereditary condition characterized by gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST, intramural mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract with neuronal or neural crest cell origin), pulmonary chondromas and extraadrenal paragangliomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017799 biolink:NamedThing Meigs syndrome A rare syndrome affecting females. It is characterized by pleural effusion, ascites and non-malignant ovarian neoplasm. This syndrome usually follows a benign course. Prognosis is favorable following surgical resection of the ovarian mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017807 biolink:NamedThing growing teratoma syndrome A condition characterized by the presence of a growing mature teratoma in a patient during or after chemotherapy for a non-seminomatous germ cell tumor, with normal serum markers for human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein. Complete surgical resection is the preferred treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018881 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome A clonal hematopoietic disorder characterized by dysplasia and ineffective hematopoiesis in one or more of the hematopoietic cell lines. The dysplasia may be accompanied by an increase in myeloblasts, but the number is less than 20%, which, according to the WHO guidelines, is the requisite threshold for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. It may occur de novo or as a result of exposure to alkylating agents and/or radiotherapy. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019610 biolink:NamedThing Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is characterized by severe peptic disease (ulcers/esophageal disease) caused by hypergastrinemia secondary to a gastrinoma resulting in increased gastric acid secretion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024674 biolink:NamedThing Pancoast syndrome A rare neoplastic syndrome characterized by obstruction of the thoracic outlet leading to compression of the brachial plexus and vessels within. It is usually caused by a malignant neoplasm in the superior pulmonary sulcus. The most commonly involved neoplasms are non-small cell lung carcinomas. Clinical signs include Horner's syndrome, shoulder pain radiating down the arm in the ulnar distribution followed by edema and atrophy of the affected extremity. Clinical course usually leads to early local invasion of the bony thoracic structures. Prognosis is highly stage-dependent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045072 biolink:NamedThing ectopic hormone secretion syndrome associated with neoplasia Abnormal secretion of hormones in conjunction with neoplastic growth occurring anywhere in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024882 biolink:NamedThing secondary neoplasm A neoplasm that arises from a pre-existing lower grade lesion, or as a result of a primary lesion that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004412 biolink:NamedThing malignant spiradenoma A very rare, aggressive carcinoma of the sweat glands arising from malignant transformation of a long standing spiradenoma. It usually grows in the upper extremities, lower extremities, trunk, and head and neck. It has the tendency to recur and metastasize most often to the lymph nodes, bones, and lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024883 biolink:NamedThing metastatic neoplasm A tumor that has spread from its original (primary) site of growth to another site, close to or distant from the primary site. Metastasis is characteristic of advanced malignancies, but in rare instances can be seen in neoplasms lacking malignant morphology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002086 biolink:NamedThing clear cell acanthoma An acanthoma characterized by the presence of psoriasiform epidermal acanthosis and basal cells with pale cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002961 biolink:NamedThing large cell acanthoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002962 biolink:NamedThing epidermolytic acanthoma A benign epithelial verrucous lesion of the skin. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis and papillomatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002963 biolink:NamedThing acantholytic acanthoma A benign epithelial neoplasm of the skin. It presents as a papular or nodular lesion. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, and prominent acantholysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006907 biolink:NamedThing pilar sheath acanthoma A benign, small, papular or nodular skin neoplasm that usually arises above the upper lip. It is characterized by an epithelial proliferation with a central cavity. The cavity wall is lined with keratinocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019077 biolink:NamedThing warty dyskeratoma A rare, usually solitary, benign epithelial tumor of the skin that appears to arise from a hair follicle. It usually develops in the head and neck region as a nodular lesion with a central keratotic plug. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002090 biolink:NamedThing eccrine sweat gland neoplasm A neoplasm involving a eccrine sweat gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002381 biolink:NamedThing sweat gland neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002191 biolink:NamedThing syringoma A benign sweat gland neoplasm usually affecting the lower eyelids and upper cheeks. The lesions are papular and are usually numerous. Morphologically, there are nests, cords, and tubules of epithelial cells present, surrounded by a dense stroma in the reticular dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003686 biolink:NamedThing apocrine sweat gland neoplasm A benign or malignant sweat gland neoplasm with apocrine differentiation. Representative examples include apocrine adenoma, ceruminous adenocarcinoma, and apocrine breast carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021121 biolink:NamedThing hemangioendothelioma A vascular proliferation characterized by the presence of prominent endothelial cells and the formation of vascular channels. Hemangioendotheliomas may display borderline or low grade characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003454 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017907 biolink:NamedThing primary lymphoma of the conjunctiva Primary lymphoma of the conjunctiva is an extremely rare clonal lymphoid proliferation of the ocular surface, with an indolent course. Clinically it presents with treatment-resistant conjunctivitis, ptosis, excessive tear production or as a painless, salmon-pink, ''fleshy'' patch, with a smooth or multinodular surface, on the bulbar conjunctiva. Histologically it is usually B-cell Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (most often extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, followed by follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), with conjunctival T-cell Non-Hodgkin lymphoma being very rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015382 biolink:NamedThing lower lip fistula A cysts and fistulae of the face and oral cavity that involves the lower lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043653 biolink:NamedThing herpes labialis A lesion caused by type 1 or type 2 herpes simplex virus, typically involving the oralfacial region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002105 biolink:NamedThing toxic megacolon An acute form of megacolon, severe pathological dilatation of the colon. It is associated with clinical conditions such as ulcerative colitis; crohn disease; amebic dysentery; or clostridium enterocolitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002108 biolink:NamedThing thyroid cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the thyroid gland DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003806 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hyalinizing trabecular adenoma A rare, circumscribed or encapsulated tumor arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by a trabecular growth pattern and hyalinized stroma formation. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008565 biolink:NamedThing familial thyroglossal duct cyst Familial thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is a very rare inherited form of TDC characterized by a mass measuring 3 cm in diameter or less in the midline area of the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002109 biolink:NamedThing pituitary cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the pituitary gland. Representative examples include functioning or non-functioning carcinomas arising from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, chordomas, chondrosarcomas, and metastatic carcinomas from the breast, lung, and gastrointestinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002988 biolink:NamedThing cervix melanoma An aggressive malignant tumor of melanocytic origin that arises from the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020541 biolink:NamedThing maligant granulosa cell tumor of ovary An aggressive granulosa cell tumor that arises from the ovary and metastasizes to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021311 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of parathyroid gland A cancer that involves the parathyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002889 biolink:NamedThing orbital cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the orbit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002892 biolink:NamedThing skull base chordoma A slow-growing malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord and occurring in the base of the skull. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and the presence of physaliphorous cells.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003766 biolink:NamedThing thalamic cancer A cancer involving a dorsal plus ventral thalamus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003257 biolink:NamedThing posterior pituitary gland neoplasm A low-grade neoplasm that arises from the neurohypophysis. It includes the granular cell tumor of the neurohypophysis and pituicytoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003430 biolink:NamedThing prolactin producing pituitary tumor An adenoma or carcinoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces prolactin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003603 biolink:NamedThing non-functioning pituitary gland neoplasm A hormone producing or non-producing pituitary gland adenoma or carcinoma, not associated with a hormonal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003604 biolink:NamedThing functioning pituitary gland neoplasm A hormone producing pituitary gland tumor, associated with a hormonal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019927 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone-producing pituitary gland neoplasm An adenoma or carcinoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces growth hormone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045058 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-producing pituitary gland neoplasm An adenoma or carcinoma of the pituitary gland that produces corticotropin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006183 biolink:NamedThing disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis A rare, benign process that affects the peritoneal cavity and is characterized by the formation of multiple small nodules that are composed of well differentiated smooth muscle. It usually affects adults in their late reproductive years. Most patients are asymptomatic. The tumor nodules may regress spontaneously. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006363 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal multicystic mesothelioma A cystic mesothelioma that arises from the peritoneum and usually affects young to middle aged females. Grossly, it presents as a large multiloculated tumor mass, usually in the pelvic peritoneum. Histologically it is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts that are lined by one or more layers of mesothelial cells that do not show atypia. Patients usually present with abdominal or pelvic mass and pain. The clinical course is indolent. The tumor may recur, but transformation to diffuse malignant mesothelioma is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006364 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal well differentiated papillary mesothelioma A localized or multifocal mesothelioma arising from the peritoneum. It predominantly occurs in women. It is characterized by the formation of papillae, covered by a single layer of blunt mesothelial cells. Mitotic figures are not present. There is no evidence of severe cytologic atypia. It has a relatively favorable clinical outcome, compared to diffuse malignant mesothelioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002116 biolink:NamedThing malignant exocrine pancreas neoplasm A malignant neoplasm that arises from the epithelial cells of the exocrine pancreatic tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021076 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic exocrine neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the epithelial cells of the exocrine pancreatic tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002809 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cystadenoma A non-metastasizing cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002810 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm A benign or malignant epithelial neoplasm that is usually cystic and arises from the exocrine pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that produce fluid similar to serum. Representative examples include serous cystadenoma and serous cystadenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021441 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of exocrine pancreas A benign neoplasm that involves the exocrine pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044880 biolink:NamedThing cystic tumor of the pancreas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002477 biolink:NamedThing prostate neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the prostate gland. This category includes carcinoid tumors and small cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005369 biolink:NamedThing carcinoid tumor A slow growing neuroendocrine tumor, composed of uniform, round, or polygonal cells having monotonous, centrally located nuclei and small nucleoli, infrequent mitoses, and no necrosis. The tumor may show a variety of patterns, such as solid, trabecular, and acinar. Electron microscopy shows small secretory granules. Immunohistochemical studies reveal NSE, as well as chromogranin immunoreactivity. Malignant histology (cellular pleomorphism, hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, necrosis, and mitoses) can occasionally be seen. Such cases may have an aggressive clinical course. Gastrointestinal tract and lung are common sites of involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005454 biolink:NamedThing lung neuroendocrine neoplasm A low, intermediate, or high grade malignant neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the lung. This category includes typical carcinoid tumor, atypical carcinoid tumor, small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and combined carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015071 biolink:NamedThing middle ear neuroendocrine tumor A neuroendocrine neoplasm that involves the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019964 biolink:NamedThing thymic neuroendocrine tumor Thymic endocrine tumor is a rare, malignant, primary thymic neoplasm originating from neuroendocrine cells, presenting as a mass within the anterior mediastinum. Patients typically present with nonspecific symptoms, such as chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, or in some cases, superior vena cava syndrome, although patients could be asymptomatic during the early stages or present with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. Ectopic production of ACTH and serotonin can lead to Cushing syndrome and carcinoid sydrome, respectively. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021650 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus neuroendocrine neoplasm An epithelial neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the uterine corpus. It includes carcinoid tumor, small cell carcinoma pulmonary type, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043207 biolink:NamedThing urethral obstruction sequence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002128 biolink:NamedThing mononeuritis multiplex A painful asymmetric asynchronous sensory and motor peripheral neuropathy involving isolated damage to at least 2 separate nerve areas; associated with (but not limited to) systemic disorders such as diabetes, vasculitis, amyloidosis, direct tumor involvement, polyarteritis nodosa, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and paraneoplastic syndromes. It also may be associated with Lyme disease, Wegener's granulomatosis, Sjogren syndrome, cryoglobulinemia, hypereosinophilia, temporal arteritis, scleroderma, sarcoidosis, leprosy, acute viral hepatitis A, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002130 biolink:NamedThing upper limb mononeuronitis A disease affecting a single peripheral nerve of the upper limb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005841 biolink:NamedThing maxillary neoplasm Cancer or tumors of the maxilla or upper jaw. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015528 biolink:NamedThing congenital epulis A congenital gingival tumor that occurs along the alveolar ridge of the maxilla. It usually affects female infants. The histogenesis is unknown. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of large cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Complete surgical resection is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037744 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of retromolar area DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002785 biolink:NamedThing skull base neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the skull base. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004186 biolink:NamedThing cranial nodular fasciitis A rare self-limiting, rapidly growing, non-encapsulated benign neoplasm that arises from the cranium. This is an osteolytic lesion. It is characterized by the presence of plump spindle-shaped fibroblasts, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, chronic inflammatory infiltrate, red blood cell extravasation, and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002133 biolink:NamedThing chronic rheumatic pericarditis Chronic form of rheumatic pericarditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002136 biolink:NamedThing eczematous dermatitis of eyelid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002138 biolink:NamedThing allergic contact dermatitis of eyelid A allergic contact dermatitis that involves the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004706 biolink:NamedThing discoid lupus erythematosus of eyelid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004718 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma of eyelid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006596 biolink:NamedThing photoallergic dermatitis A delayed hypersensitivity involving the reaction between sunlight or other radiant energy source and a chemical substance to which the individual has been previously exposed and sensitized. It manifests as a papulovesicular, eczematous, or exudative dermatitis occurring chiefly on the light-exposed areas of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006616 biolink:NamedThing toxicodendron dermatitis An allergic contact dermatitis caused by exposure to plants of the genus Toxicodendron (formerly Rhus). These include poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac, all plants that contain the substance urushiol, a potent skin sensitizing agent. (From Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022323 biolink:NamedThing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate sensitization DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002881 biolink:NamedThing vaginal adenosarcoma A malignant mixed epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of a malignant mesenchymal component and a benign or atypical mullerian-type epithelial component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016094 biolink:NamedThing vaginal germ cell malignant tumor A malignant germ cell tumor that involves the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037746 biolink:NamedThing malignant vaginal mixed epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasm A malignant neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of an epithelial and a mesenchymal component. This category includes adenosarcoma, carcinosarcoma, and malignant mixed tumor resembling synovial sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002141 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma arising from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells in a storiform pattern and histiocytes with abundant cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003561 biolink:NamedThing malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma characterized by the presence of osteoclast-like giant cells and cellular pleomorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006480 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, inflammatory variant An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma characterized by the presence of numerous inflammatory cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003029 biolink:NamedThing skin angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003362 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the skin. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003600 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous liposarcoma A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002989 biolink:NamedThing benign fibrous histiocytoma A benign neoplasm composed of fibroblastic spindle cells in a whorled storiform pattern. It is characterized by the presence of foam cells, inflammatory cells, hemosiderin deposition and stromal hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002617 biolink:NamedThing bone angiosarcoma A high-grade malignant vascular neoplasm that arises from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with endothelial differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002618 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone A rare, high-grade pleomorphic malignant neoplasm arising from the bone. It usually presents with pain which may or may not be associated with swelling in the affected area. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped cells, polygonal or epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, and inflammatory cells. The neoplastic cells exhibit nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic activity. It metastasizes frequently, most often in the lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002619 biolink:NamedThing bone fibrosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002624 biolink:NamedThing bone leiomyosarcoma A rare aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the bone. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002625 biolink:NamedThing Ewing sarcoma of bone A small round cell bone tumor that lacks morphologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic evidence of neuroectodermal differentiation. It represents one of the two ends of the spectrum called Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor. It often affects the diaphysis or metaphyseal-diaphyseal portion of long bones. Clinical findings include pain and a mass in the involved area. fever, anemia, leukocytosis, and an increased sedimentation rate are often seen. X-ray examination reveals osteolytic lesions. The prognosis depends on the stage, anatomic location, and size of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002629 biolink:NamedThing bone osteosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the bone. It may arise de novo or from a pre-existing lesion of the bone. Pain and a palpable mass are the most frequent clinical sign and symptom. It may spread to other anatomic sites, particularly the lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002634 biolink:NamedThing liposarcoma of bone A very rare malignant adipose tissue neoplasm that arises from the bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003680 biolink:NamedThing periosteal chondrosarcoma A chondrosarcoma arising from the surface of bone. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, high mitotic activity, myxoid stroma formation, and necrotic changes. It occurs in adults. Clinical presentation includes pain, and sometimes swelling. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003684 biolink:NamedThing clear cell chondrosarcoma A rare, usually low grade chondrosarcoma characterized by the presence of tumor cells with clear cytoplasm. It usually arises in the epiphyseal ends of long bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005013 biolink:NamedThing dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma An aggressive morphologic variant of chondrosarcoma. It is composed of a low grade chondrosarcoma and a high grade non-cartilagenous sarcomatous component. Due to the aggressive nature of the disease, its prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005674 biolink:NamedThing bone giant cell tumor A benign but locally aggressive tumor that arises from the bone and is composed of mononuclear cells admixed with macrophages and osteoclast-like giant cells. It usually arises from the ends of long bones or the vertebrae. Clinical presentation includes pain, edema, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006287 biolink:NamedThing malignancy in giant cell tumor of bone A malignant tumor that arises from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of an area of high grade sarcoma in an otherwise typical giant cell tumor (primary malignancy in giant cell tumor), or the presence of sarcoma in which the pre-existing giant cell tumor may or may not be apparent (secondary malignancy in giant cell tumor). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002143 biolink:NamedThing vaginal yolk sac tumor A rare yolk sac tumor that arises from the vagina. Patients present with abnormal vaginal bleeding or bloody discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005744 biolink:NamedThing yolk sac tumor A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor composed of primitive germ cells. It is the most common malignant germ cell tumor in the pediatric population. It occurs in the infant testis, ovary, sacrococcygeal region, vagina, uterus, prostate, abdomen, liver, retroperitoneum, thorax, and pineal/third ventricle. The tumor mimics the yolk sac of the embryo and produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Treatment includes: surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. This tumor is very responsive to chemotherapy regimens that include cisplatinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003400 biolink:NamedThing childhood endodermal sinus tumor A yolk sac tumor that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003402 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor arising from the testis. It affects infants, young children, and postpubertal males. It is the most frequently seen testicular neoplasm during childhood. The vast majority of patients present with an asymptomatic scrotal mass. The tumor mimics the yolk sac of the embryo and produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). It metastasizes to distant anatomic sites. Prognostic factors relate to the clinical stage and the degree of AFP elevation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003404 biolink:NamedThing adult yolk sac tumor A yolk sac tumor that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006344 biolink:NamedThing ovarian yolk sac tumor A usually rapidly growing malignant germ cell tumor arising from the ovary. It usually occurs in children and adolescents. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain and a large abdominal or pelvic mass. The serum alpha-fetoprotein is almost always elevated preoperatively. Morphologically, there is marked heterogeneity due to numerous patterns of differentiation coexisting in the same tumor. The most common pattern is reticular. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023726 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal yolk sac tumor An extragonadal non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum. It is characterized by the presence of small pale cells with small amount of cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei with small nucleoli forming a variety of patterns, including microcystic, macrocystic, pseudopapillary, myxomatous, hepatoid, polyvesicular vitelline, and solid. It manifests with respiratory distress, thoracic pain, fever, and superior vena cava syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008097 biolink:NamedThing linear nevus sebaceous syndrome Linear nevus sebaceous syndrome (LNSS) is characterized by the association of a large sebaceous nevus, usually appearing on the face or on the scalp, with a broad spectrum of abnormalities that may affect every organ system, including the central nervous system (brain neoplasms, hemimegalencephaly and lateral ventricle enlargement). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008280 biolink:NamedThing Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an inherited gastrointestinal disorder characterized by development of characteristic hamartomatous polyps throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and by mucocutaneous pigmentation. PJS carries a considerably increased risk of GI and extra-GI malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009512 biolink:NamedThing lethal Larsen-like syndrome Larsen-like syndrome, lethal type, is characterised by multiple joint dislocation and respiratory insufficiency due to tracheomalacia and/or lung hypoplasia. It has been described in less than ten patients. Transmission is thought to be autosomal recessive. Brain dysplasia has been described in some patients and could result from systemic hypoxic-ischemic insults during the second half of pregnancy, although genetic factors have not been ruled out. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009914 biolink:NamedThing pseudodiastrophic dysplasia Pseudodiastrophic dysplasia is characterized by rhizomelic shortening of the limbs and severe clubfoot deformity, in association with elbow and proximal interphalangeal joint dislocations, platyspondyly, and scoliosis. It has been described in about 10 patients. An autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. Pseudodiastrophic dysplasia differs from diastrophic dysplasia on the basis of clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic findings. Clubfoot can be treated by surgical therapy, and neonatal contractures and scoliosis can be relieved by physical therapy. Several of the reported patients died in the neonatal period or during infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010592 biolink:NamedThing focal dermal hypoplasia A syndrome characterized by a polymorphic cutaneous disorder and highly variable anomalies affecting the eyes, teeth, skeleton and the central nervous, urinary, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011035 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome A RASopathy and a variant of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) characterized by the combination of features of NF1, such as cafC)-au-lait spots, iris Lisch nodules, axillary and inguinal freckling, optic nerve glioma and multiple neurofibromas; and Noonan syndrome (NS), such as short stature, typical facial features (hypertelorism, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set posteriorly rotated ears with a thickened helix, and a broad forehead), congenital heart defects and unusual pectus deformity. As these three entities have significant phenotypic overlap, molecular genetic testing is often necessary for a correct diagnosis (such as when cafC)-au-lait spots are present in patients diagnosed with NS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013574 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa - Marfanoid syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015193 biolink:NamedThing hydrops fetalis Hydrops fetalis is a severe and challenging fetal condition usually defined as the excessive accumulation of fetal fluid within the fetal extravascular compartments and body cavities that manifests as edema, pleural and pericardial effusion and ascites. It is the end-stage of a wide variety of disorders. The cause may be immunologic (immune hydrops fetalis, IHF) or non immunologic (non-immune hydrops fetalis, NIHF), depending on the presence or absence of maternal antibodies against fetal red cell antigens (ABO incompatibility or rhesus (Rh) incompatibility). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015330 biolink:NamedThing overgrowth/obesity syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015333 biolink:NamedThing progeroid syndrome A group of rare genetic disorders which mimic physiological aging, making affected individuals appear to be older than they are. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015334 biolink:NamedThing branchial arch or oral-acral syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016064 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate Cleft palate is a fissure type embryopathy that affects the soft and hard palate to varying degrees. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016677 biolink:NamedThing toxic or drug-related embryofetopathy Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016678 biolink:NamedThing maternal disease-related embryofetopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017623 biolink:NamedThing PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome A group of clinically heterogeneous disorders united by a germline PTEN mutation and the involvement of derivatives of all 3 germ cell layers, manifesting with hamartomas, overgrowth and neoplasia. Currently, subsets carrying clinical diagnoses of Cowden syndrome, Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, Proteus and Proteus-like syndromes and SOLAMEN syndrome belong to PHTS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017793 biolink:NamedThing marfanoid habitus-inguinal hernia-advanced bone age syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019042 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019054 biolink:NamedThing congenital limb malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019356 biolink:NamedThing urogenital tract malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020018 biolink:NamedThing cranial malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020019 biolink:NamedThing digestive tract malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020020 biolink:NamedThing visceral malformation of the liver, biliary tract, pancreas or spleen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020021 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic or abdominal wall malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020022 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020023 biolink:NamedThing respiratory or mediastinal malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100367 biolink:NamedThing port-wine nevi-mega cisterna magna-hydrocephalus syndrome A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by a glabellar capillary malformation, congenital communicating hydrocephalus, and posterior fossa brain abnormalities, including Dandy-Walker malformation, cerebellar vermis agenesis, and mega cisterna magna. Seizures are occasionally associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1979. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002150 biolink:NamedThing hypothalamic disorder Neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and other diseases of the hypothalamus. Clinical manifestations include appetite disorders; autonomic nervous system diseases; sleep disorders; behavioral symptoms related to dysfunction of the limbic system; and neuroendocrine disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002153 biolink:NamedThing telogen effluvium A scalp hair loss condition characterized by excessive shedding of hair in the resting phase of growth, usually following a fever or major body stress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004907 biolink:NamedThing alopecia Hair loss usually from the scalp. It may result in bald spots or spread to the entire scalp or the entire epidermis. It may be androgenetic or caused by chemotherapeutic agents, compulsive hair pulling, autoimmune disorders or congenital conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005483 biolink:NamedThing chemotherapy-induced alopecia Hair loss as a result of chemotherapy treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006551 biolink:NamedThing alopecia mucinosa A rare dermatologic disorder characterized by the accumulation of mucinous material in the hair follicles. In some cases it is associated with lymphoproliferative disorders, most often mycosis fungoides and Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008847 biolink:NamedThing atrichia with papular lesions Atrichia with papular lesions is a rare inherited form of alopecia characterized by irreversible hair loss during the neonatal period on all hear-bearing areas of the body, later associated with the development of papular lesions all over the body and preferentially on the face and extensor surfaces of the extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011019 biolink:NamedThing alopecia-intellectual disability-hypergonadotropic hypogonadism syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of total alopecia (present at birth), mild intellectual deficit and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013136 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hypotrichosis with recurrent skin vesicles Hereditary hypotrichosis with recurrent skin vesicles is a very rare inherited hair loss disorder described in a family and characterized by sparse, fragile or absent hair on the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, axillae and rest of the body, associated with vesicle formation on various parts of the scalp and body which regularly burst and release watery fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015082 biolink:NamedThing alopecia antibody deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015261 biolink:NamedThing pseudopelade of Brocq Pseudo-pelade of Brocq is a rare hair abnormality characterized by onset in adulthood of soft, irregular, flesh-toned patches of alopecia primarily in the parietal and vertex portions of the scalp, without follicular hyperkeratosis or perifollicular inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016776 biolink:NamedThing frontal fibrosing alopecia Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a rare variant of lichen planopilaris characterized by symmetrical, progressive, band-like anterior hair loss of the scalp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018103 biolink:NamedThing Quinquaud's folliculitis decalvans Folliculitis decalvans is a rare chronic inflammatory cicatricial alopecia of the scalp occurring in middle-aged adults and characterized by the development of alopecic patches with slowly centrifugal spread predominantly in the vertex and occipital area of the scalp, associated with perifollicular erythema, follicular pustules and hemorrhagic crusts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018858 biolink:NamedThing Graham Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome Graham Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome is a variant of lichen planopilaris characterized by the clinical triad of progressive cicatricial (scarring) alopecia of the scalp, follicular keratotic papules on glabrous skin, and variable alopecia of the axillae and groin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018879 biolink:NamedThing lichen planopilaris Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is a rare cutaneous variant of lichen planus which affects hair follicles. It may occur on its own or in association with more common forms of lichen planus, usually classical type and/or oral lichen planus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018914 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis simplex Hypotrichosis simplex (HS) or hereditary hypotrichosis simplex (HHS) is characterized by reduced pilosity over the scalp and body (with sparse, thin, and short hair) in the absence of other anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019080 biolink:NamedThing alopecia totalis Alopecia totalis is a form of alopecia areata, an inflammatory disease of the hair follicle, characterized by a complete loss of hair of the entire scalp which becomes glabrous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019575 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp Hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp (HSS) is characterized by diffuse progressive hair loss that is confined to the scalp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021208 biolink:NamedThing endocrine alopecia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021851 biolink:NamedThing alopecia universalis onychodystrophy vitiligo A syndrome characterized by total alopecia (hair loss), total vitíligo, and nail changes. The nail changes consist of fine pitting, associated with softness, and friability and may include horizontal splitting. The vitiligo is characterized by complete, rapid uniform loss of pigment which occurrs without going through a patchy state. The entire cutaneous surface is light and translucent-appearing and is prone to burning on exposure to the sun. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043139 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly sparse hair intellectual disability seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005388 biolink:NamedThing primary biliary cholangitis Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic and slowly progressive cholestatic liver disease of autoimmune etiology characterized by injury of the intrahepatic bile ducts that may eventually lead to liver failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006699 biolink:NamedThing choledocholithiasis Presence or formation of gallstones in the common bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008265 biolink:NamedThing polycystic liver disease 1 A polycystic liver disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKCSH gene, and is characterized by the appearance of numerous cysts spread throughout the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010913 biolink:NamedThing Caroli disease Caroli disease (CD) is a rare congenital liver disease characterized by non-obstructive cystic dilatations of the intra-hepatic and rarely extra-hepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018808 biolink:NamedThing Caroli syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018816 biolink:NamedThing isolated neonatal sclerosing cholangitis Isolated neonatal sclerosing cholangitis is a rare, genetic, biliary tract disease characterized by severe neonatal-onset cholangiopathy with patent bile ducts and absence of ichthyosiform skin lesions. Patients present with jaundice, acholic stools, hepatosplenomegaly and high serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. Liver histology shows portal fibrosis, ductular proliferation, hepatocellular metallothionein deposits, and intralobular bile-pigment accumulations. Some patients may also have renal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018840 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital hepatic fibrosis A congenital disorder usually inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. It affects the hepatobiliary system and the kidneys. It is characterized by liver fibrosis, portal hypertension, and renal cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033853 biolink:NamedThing congenital cataract-severe neonatal hepatopathy-global developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002159 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002162 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube adenosarcoma An extremely rare malignant neoplasm that arises from the fallopian tube and is characterized by the presence of a benign epithelial component and a sarcomatous component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004792 biolink:NamedThing cancer of isthmus of fallopian tube A cancer that involves the UBERON:0016632. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003347 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory leiomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate admixed with malignant spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003348 biolink:NamedThing conventional leiomyosarcoma An uncommon, aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of atypical large spindle or round cells, nuclear palisading, tumor cell necrosis, mitotic figures and may be associated with vascular invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003351 biolink:NamedThing colon leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm that arises from the colon. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003355 biolink:NamedThing ovary leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the ovary. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003356 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid leiomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of epithelioid round cells with eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003357 biolink:NamedThing lung leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the lung. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003359 biolink:NamedThing myxoid leiomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of cellular pleomorphism, malignant cells with large nuclei, and a myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003360 biolink:NamedThing small intestine leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the small intestine. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003365 biolink:NamedThing esophagus leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the esophagus. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003368 biolink:NamedThing prostate leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the prostate. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003369 biolink:NamedThing vagina leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the vagina. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003370 biolink:NamedThing retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the retroperitoneum. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003371 biolink:NamedThing breast leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the breast. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003372 biolink:NamedThing vulvar leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the vulva. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003373 biolink:NamedThing kidney leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the kidney. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003374 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the larynx. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003376 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the mediastinum. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003378 biolink:NamedThing liver leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the liver. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003379 biolink:NamedThing rectum leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm that arises from the rectum. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004208 biolink:NamedThing superior vena cava leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the superior vena cava. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016283 biolink:NamedThing leiomyosarcoma of the cervix uteri Leiomyosarcoma of the cervix uteri is a rare, malignant mesenchymal tumor of smooth muscle origin, macroscopically appearing as a large, poorly circumscribed mass, often protruding from the cervical canal or expanding it circumferentially. The most common presenting symptoms are vaginal discharge or bleeding, pain in the lower abdomen and a bulky cervical mass. There is a reported tendency to metastatsize hematogenously, especially to the lungs, peritoneum, bones and the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002876 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenosarcoma A rare malignant mixed epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of malignant mesenchymal elements and benign epithelial elements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002878 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus adenosarcoma A primary polypoid malignant neoplasm of the uterine corpus characterized by the presence of a sarcomatous mesenchymal component and a benign epithelial component. Patients usually present with abnormal vaginal bleeding. It is considered a low grade malignant neoplasm and may recur following resection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002880 biolink:NamedThing ovarian adenosarcoma A biphasic neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of mullerian-type epithelial tissue in a mesenchymal sarcomatous stroma. The presence of a high grade sarcomatous component is associated with recurrences and metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006159 biolink:NamedThing colorectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that arises from the colon or rectum. The majority of cases have spindle cell morphology. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the colon are usually advanced upon detection and tend to have a poor prognosis; gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the rectum usually have an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006160 biolink:NamedThing colorectal hamartoma A non-neoplastic, hamartomatous polyp that arises from the colon and rectum. This group includes the juvenile polyp, Peutz-Jeghers polyp, and Cowden-associated polyp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015068 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine tumor of rectum, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002169 biolink:NamedThing rectum adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the rectum. It is more frequently seen in populations with a Western type diet and in patients with a history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Signs and symptoms include intestinal bleeding, anemia, and change in bowel habits. According to the degree of cellular differentiation, rectal adenocarcinomas are divided into well, moderately, and poorly differentiated. Histologic variants include mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, serrated adenocarcinoma, cribriform comedo-type adenocarcinoma, and micropapillary adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002424 biolink:NamedThing rectosigmoid carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the rectosigmoid area and invades through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas. About 50% of colorectal carcinomas occur in the rectosigmoid area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004196 biolink:NamedThing rectal sarcomatoid carcinoma A biphasic rectal carcinoma with a spindle cell, sarcomatoid component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004725 biolink:NamedThing rectum carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018515 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of rectum A very rare rectal carcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant squamous cell infiltrate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002927 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of spindle-shaped cells. This is a morphologic term which can be applied to a wide range of sarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004309 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatosis The occurrence of several sarcomas in different anatomic locations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004943 biolink:NamedThing orbit sarcoma A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the structures of the orbit. The majority of the cases are rhabdomyosarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005104 biolink:NamedThing aJCC grade 1 sarcoma Cancer cells are given a score of 1 to 3, with 1 being assigned when they look similar to normal cells and 3 being used when the cancer cells look very abnormal. Certain types of sarcoma are given a higher score automatically. See also NCIt:C9419 (Synonym of AJCC G1 Sarcoma) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006232 biolink:NamedThing giant cell tumor of soft tissue A painless, well circumscribed tumor arising in soft tissue, usually of the upper and lower extremities. Morphologically, it is characterized by a multinodular growth pattern. The cellular infiltrate is composed of mononuclear round or oval cells and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, in a rich vascular stroma. It rarely metastasizes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006745 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid stromal sarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that affects the uterine corpus, and rarely, the ovaries, cervix, and vagina. In the uterine corpus it is classified as low grade or high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. In the remainder of the anatomic sites it is classified as low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006861 biolink:NamedThing myeloid sarcoma A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006974 biolink:NamedThing small cell sarcoma A sarcoma characterized by the presence of small round or elongated malignant cells with a small amount of cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009807 biolink:NamedThing osteosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm, predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults. It usually involves bones and less frequently extraosseous sites. It often involves the long bones (particularly distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus). Pain with or without a palpable mass is the most frequent clinical symptom. It may spread to other anatomic sites, particularly the lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012817 biolink:NamedThing Ewing sarcoma A small round cell tumor that lacks morphologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic evidence of neuroectodermal differentiation. It represents one of the two ends of the spectrum called Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor. It affects mostly males under age 20, and it can occur in soft tissue or bone. Pain and the presence of a mass are the most common clinical symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016280 biolink:NamedThing sarcoma of cervix uteri A sarcoma involving a uterine cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006163 biolink:NamedThing colorectal serrated adenocarcinoma A rare, invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant infiltrate with serrated glandular architecture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044336 biolink:NamedThing colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma An invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells with prominent intracytoplasmic mucin resulting in the displacement of the nuclei. The malignant glandular cells with intracytoplasmic mucin constitute more than 50% of the malignant cellular infiltrate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002181 biolink:NamedThing exostosis Non-neoplastic overgrowth of bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007764 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant osteosclerosis, Worth type A sclerozing bone disorder characterized by generalized skeletal densification, particularly of the cranial vault and tubular long bones, which is not associated to an increased risk of fracture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009031 biolink:NamedThing craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia is a rare sclerotic bone disorder with a variable phenotypic expression with massive generalized hyperostosis and sclerosis, particularly of the skull and facial bones, that may lead to severe deformity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009395 biolink:NamedThing hyperostosis corticalis generalisata Hyperostosis corticalis generalisata, also known as van Buchem disease, is a rare craniotubular hyperostosis characterized by hyperostosis of the skull, mandible, clavicles, ribs and diaphyses of the long bones, as well as the tubular bones of the hands and feet. Clinical manifestations include increased skull thickness with cranial nerve entrapment causing inconsistent cranial nerve palsies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010541 biolink:NamedThing X-linked calvarial hyperostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002189 biolink:NamedThing nodular hidradenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a nodular lesion usually in the scalp, trunk, and proximal extremities. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern. Complete excision is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006738 biolink:NamedThing eccrine acrospiroma A rare cutaneous tumor of eccrine sweat gland origin. It is most commonly found on the extremities and is usually benign. There is no indication that heredity or external agents cause these tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006787 biolink:NamedThing hidrocystoma A benign cystic proliferation of the sweat glands with apocrine or eccrine differentiation. It usually presents as a dome-shaped, cystic papular or nodular lesion usually in the face and neck. It is a unilocular or mutlilocular lesion lined by an inner and an outer layer of epithelium. Complete excision is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021812 biolink:NamedThing adnexal spiradenoma/cylindroma of a sweat gland A benign sweat gland neoplasm usually occurring in the scalp or the face. It may present as solitary or multiple papular or nodular lesions. It may be a sporadic lesion or part of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. It arises from the dermis and has a multinodular, circumscribed appearance. The nodules contain basaloid cells with small, dark nuclei. Complete excision is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024247 biolink:NamedThing benign eccrine neoplasm A non-metastasizing eccrine appendage sweat gland neoplasm. Representative examples include hidrocystoma, syringoma, and syringofibroadenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002805 biolink:NamedThing hidradenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Variants include the clear cell and nodular hidradenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003446 biolink:NamedThing papillary hidradenoma A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a slow growing cystic nodular lesion most often in the skin of the vulva and the perianal region. It is characterized by the presence of cystic and large papillary structures. The papillary structures contain connective tissue and are covered by two layers of epithelium. Complete excision is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003447 biolink:NamedThing clear cell hidradenoma An uncommon benign neoplasm of the sweat glands characterized by the presence of clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003519 biolink:NamedThing malignant syringoma A malignant form of syringoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003954 biolink:NamedThing angiokeratoma of Fordyce An angiokeratoma that is located on the scrotum or vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020597 biolink:NamedThing angiokeratoma of scrotum An angiokeratoma that is located on the scrotum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002193 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland benign neoplasm A benign neoplasm that affects the Bartholin gland. Representative examples include adenoma, adenomyoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007070 biolink:NamedThing adiposis dolorosa Adiposis dolorosa or Dercum's disease is characterised by the development of multiple, painful, subcutaneous lipomas in association with obesity, asthenia and fatigue, and range of mental disturbances including instability, depression, confusion, dementia and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007908 biolink:NamedThing multiple symmetric lipomatosis Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) is a rare subcutaneous tissue disease characterized by growth of symmetric non-encapsulated masses of adipose tissue mostly around the face and neck with variable clinical repercussions (e.g. reduced neck mobility, compression of respiratory structures). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021496 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of lip A benign neoplasm that involves the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005198 biolink:NamedThing vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia Intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulvar squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of invasion. This category includes vulvar high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, differentiated type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002196 biolink:NamedThing perinatal intestinal perforation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002221 biolink:NamedThing urethral urothelial papilloma Papilloma's are benign epithelial neoplasms that produce visible warty projections from epithelial surfaces. Papilloma's of the urethra typically occur just within or on the external meatus. - 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004464 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic adenoma of the urethra A metaplastic lesion of the urothelium found in the urethra. It is characterized by the presence of aggregates of cuboidal or hobnail cells and represents a reaction of the urothelium to injury caused by instrumentation, surgery or calculi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002200 biolink:NamedThing eccrine mixed tumor of skin A rare, benign, slow-growing and painless neoplasm of sweat glands. It usually arises in the head and neck. It is characterized by the presence of a mesenchymal chondroid stroma, fibrosis, and epithelial structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003450 biolink:NamedThing eccrine papillary adenoma A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It is characterized by the presence of eccrine ducts in the dermis containing intraluminal papillary projections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005506 biolink:NamedThing eccrine sweat gland cancer An cancer with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands.B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024482 biolink:NamedThing eccrine sweat gland hamartoma A hamartoma characterized by localized eccrine sweat gland malformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002478 biolink:NamedThing mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumor A biphasic neoplasm that arises from the ovary or the testis. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic germ cells and neoplastic sex cord-stromal cells. It includes the gonadoblastoma and mixed germ cell-sex cord stromal tumor, unclassifiable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003272 biolink:NamedThing mixed epithelial stromal tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003811 biolink:NamedThing ovarian seromucinous tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant mixed epithelial tumor of the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of more than one epithelial cell type, most often serous and endocervical-type mucinous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016255 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus mixed epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasm A primary, benign or malignant neoplasm of the uterine corpus characterized by the presence of an epithelial and a mesenchymal component. Representative examples include adenomyoma, adenosarcoma, and carcinosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021045 biolink:NamedThing fibroepithelial neoplasm A benign, borderline, or malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of an epithelial and a fibrous component. Representative examples are fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002202 biolink:NamedThing outlet dysfunction constipation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002203 biolink:NamedThing constipation disorder Irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100187 biolink:NamedThing opioid-induced constipation A constipation disorder caused by use of opiods. OIC may present immediately when a patient takes the opioid, or it may present gradually during opioid therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002207 biolink:NamedThing vulval Paget disease An uncommon intraepithelial malignant neoplasm of eccrine or apocrine origin, arising from the vulva. It usually affects post-menopausal women. In approximately 10-20% of the cases there is an associated anorectal, or urothelial carcinoma or a skin appendage adenocarcinoma identified. It presents as a red, eczematous lesion. Microscopically, it is characterized by the presence of the typical Paget cells which are large, round cells with abundant cytoplasm and prominent nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008177 biolink:NamedThing extramammary Paget disease A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It may affect the anus, penis, scrotum, and vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002651 biolink:NamedThing anal Paget disease A slowly spreading, erythematous eczematoid plaque in the anal region. Histologically, the basal part or whole thickness of the squamous epithelium is infiltrated by large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei. Half of the cases are associated with an internal malignancy, most often a colorectal adenocarcinoma. The other half of the cases, have a high local recurrence rate and they may become invasive (WHO). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002653 biolink:NamedThing Paget disease of the penis A premalignant condition morphologically characterised by the presence of the characteristic Paget cells in the intraepithelial tissue of the penis. It presents as a smooth raised reddish area that may or may not be painful. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003636 biolink:NamedThing vulvar sebaceous carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of malignant basaloid glandular epithelial cells that resemble sebaceous epithelium and are arranged in cords and nests. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003853 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the major vestibular gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003861 biolink:NamedThing vulvar eccrine adenocarcinoma An eccrine adenocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003881 biolink:NamedThing vulvar apocrine adenocarcinoma An apocrine adenocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004173 biolink:NamedThing adenocarcinoma of skene gland origin A rare adenocarcinoma arising from Skene gland. It presents as a periurethral or anterior vaginal submucosal mass. It is characterized by morphological features similar to prostate adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004283 biolink:NamedThing vulvar clear cell hidradenocarcinoma A vulvar sweat gland carcinoma characterized by the presence of clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002209 biolink:NamedThing heel spur A bony outgrowth on the lower surface of the calcaneus. Though often presenting along with plantar fasciitis (fasciitis, plantar), they are not considered causally related. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020706 biolink:NamedThing Heberden's node Osteophytes that most commonly develop on the distal interphalangeal joints, often in the setting of osteoarthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003778 biolink:NamedThing inborn error of immunity A disorder in which the immune system is unable to mount an adequate immune response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009464 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency with defective T-cell response to interleukin 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010386 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 33 Any immunodeficiency disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IKBKG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010504 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 47 Any primary immunodeficiency disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP6AP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010625 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, X-linked, with deficiency of 115,000 Dalton surface glycoprotein DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010713 biolink:NamedThing properdin deficiency, X-linked A rare, hereditary, primary immunodeficiency due to a complement cascade protein anomaly characterized by significantly increased susceptibility to Neisseria species infections. It only affects males, typically presenting with severe or fulminant meningococcal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013953 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 28 Any primary immunodeficiency disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFNGR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014491 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 37 Any primary immunodeficiency disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BCL10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014597 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 39 Any primary immunodeficiency disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IRF7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015135 biolink:NamedThing primary immunodeficiency due to a genetic defect in innate immunity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015541 biolink:NamedThing genetic hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis An instance of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis that is caused by an inherited genomic modification in an individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015823 biolink:NamedThing primary immunodeficiency due to a defect in adaptive immunity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033969 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease-recurrent sinopulmonary infections syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100222 biolink:NamedThing A20 haploinsufficiency Any immune dysregulation disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNFAIP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010627 biolink:NamedThing X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome X-linked lymphoproliferative disease is a hereditary immunodeficiency characterized, in the majority of cases, by an inadequate immune response to infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010954 biolink:NamedThing Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, autosomal dominant form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011664 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency due to CD25 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012383 biolink:NamedThing primary immunodeficiency with natural-killer cell deficiency and adrenal insufficiency The primary immunodeficiency with natural-killer cell deficiency and adrenal insufficiency is characterised by a specific natural-killer (NK) cell deficiency and susceptibility to viral diseases. It has been described in four children from a large inbred kindred. Three out of the four children reported developed a viral illness. The mode of transmission is most likely autosomal recessive. The causative gene has been localised to within a 12-Mb region on chromosome 8p11.23-q11.21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013408 biolink:NamedThing FADD-related immunodeficiency A rare genetic immunological disease reported in a single consanguineous Pakistani family with several affected members presenting with severe bacterial and viral infections, recurrent hepatopathy (portal inflammation, fibrosis), and recurrent, stereotypical febrile episodes, sometimes lasting several days, with encephalopathy and difficult-to-control seizures. Variable cardiac malformations were also reported. Although there were autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS)-like biological features, clinical ALPS was not present. A homozygous missense mutation in the FADD gene (11q13.3) was found in the family and the disease is thought to follow an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013779 biolink:NamedThing Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome 2 Any Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WIPF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014353 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 23 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014727 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 45 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015131 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency A broad classification of inherited disorders presenting at birth that affect both the cell-mediated and humoral aspects of the immune response. Circulating numbers of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and NK cells are variable but where present do not function properly. Susceptibility to infection is the primary concern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018636 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hemolytic anemia-autoimmune thrombocytopenia-primary immunodeficiency syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019093 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency due to selective anti-polysaccharide antibody deficiency Immunodeficiency due to selective anti-polysaccharide antibody deficiency is characterized by normal immunoglobulin levels (including IgG sub-classes) but impaired polysaccharide responsiveness (IPR). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020849 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 57 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023655 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 14b, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024777 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 98 with autoinflammation, X-linked An immunodeficiency disease characterized by onset of recurrent infections associated with lymphoproliferation and autoinflammation in the first decade of life. Mostly males are affected; carrier females may have mild symptoms. Laboratory studies show evidence of immune dysregulation, including hypogammaglobulinemia with reduced memory B cells, skewed T-cell subsets, increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, activated T cells and monocytes, and autoimmune cytopenias, including neutropenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024781 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 102 An X-linked recessive immunologic disorder characterized by the onset of recurrent sinopulmonary, mucosal, and other infections in early childhood, usually accompanied by refractory autoimmune cytopenias. Affected individuals have bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, as well as hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, and decreased NK cells. Laboratory studies show defective T-cell proliferation and function, likely due to signaling abnormalities. The disorder may also manifest as a hyperinflammatory state with immune dysregulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026767 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 74, COVID-19-related, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030013 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 66 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030266 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 80 with or without congenital cardiomyopathy An autosomal recessive immunologic disorder with variable manifestations. One patient with infantile-onset of chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with severely decreased NK cells has been reported. Another family with 3 affected fetuses showing restrictive cardiomyopathy and hypoplasia of the spleen and thymus has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030302 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 81 A human immunodeficiency characterized by early-onset life-threatening infections, combined T and B cell immunodeficiency, severe neutrophil defects, and impaired platelet aggregation, caused by a variation in the SLP76 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030308 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 82 with systemic inflammation A complex autosomal dominant immunologic disorder characterized by recurrent infections with various organisms, as well as noninfectious inflammation manifest as lymphocytic organ infiltration with gastritis, colitis, and lung, liver, CNS, or skin disease. One of the more common features is inflammation of the stomach and bowel. Most patients develop symptoms in infancy or early childhood; the severity is variable. There may be accompanying fever, elevated white blood cell count, decreased B cells, hypogammaglobulinemia, increased C-reactive protein (CRP), and a generalized hyperinflammatory state. Immunologic workup shows variable B- and T-cell abnormalities such as skewed subgroups. Patients have a propensity for the development of lymphoma, usually in adulthood. At the molecular level, the disorder results from a gain-of-function mutation that leads to constitutive and enhanced activation of the intracellular inflammatory signaling pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030333 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 84 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030428 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 85 and autoimmunity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030448 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 86 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030457 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 87 and autoimmunity An autosomal recessive immunologic disorder with wide phenotypic variation and severity. Affected individuals usually present in infancy or early childhood with increased susceptibility to infections, often Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as well as with lymphadenopathy or autoimmune manifestations, predominantly hemolytic anemia. Laboratory studies may show low or normal lymphocyte numbers, often with skewed T-cell subset ratios. The disorder results primarily from defects in T-cell function, which causes both immunodeficiency and overall immune dysregulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030483 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 88 An autosomal recessive immune disorder characterized specifically by the development of disseminated mycobacterial disease following vaccination with BCG. The single patient described did not develop other clinical infectious diseases, although serology documented exposure to various viruses and bacteria. Immunologic workup shows defective development of certain innate immunologic cells and decreased production of gamma-interferon (IFNG). Additional manifestations include persistent reactive airway disease associated with increased production of Th2 cytokines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030484 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 89 and autoimmunity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030491 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 91 and hyperinflammation An autosomal recessive immunodeficiency caused by a variation in the ZNFX1 gene, characterized by severe infections by both RNA and DNA viruses and virally triggered inflammatory episodes with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like disease, early-onset seizures, and renal and lung disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030498 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 92 An autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency characterized by the onset of recurrent infections in infancy or early childhood. Infectious agents are broad, including bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic, including Cryptosporidium and Mycobacteria. Patient lymphocytes show defects in both T- and B-cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, and overall function, and there is also evidence of dysfunction of NK, certain antigen-presenting cells, and myeloid subsets. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030528 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 93 and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by onset of recurrent viral and bacterial infections, particularly with encapsulated bacteria, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the first months or years of life. Immunologic workup typically shows decreased circulating B cells and hypo- or agammaglobulinemia, sometimes with neutropenia or T-cell lymphocytosis, although laboratory findings may be variable among patients. Ig replacement therapy is beneficial. Cardiac involvement can also include atrial septal defect, valvular insufficiency, and pre-excitation syndrome. Rare myopathic or neurologic involvement has been reported, but these features are not consistently part of the disorder and may be related to other genetic defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030692 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 95 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030693 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 96 An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by onset of recurrent, usually viral, respiratory infections in infancy or early childhood. Other infections, including gastrointestinal and urinary tract infections, may also occur. Laboratory studies show hypogammaglobulinemia, lymphopenia with increased gamma/delta T cells, and erythrocyte macrocytosis. The disorder results from defective cellular DNA repair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030717 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 97 with autoinflammation An autosomal recessive complex immunologic disorder with variable features. Affected individuals present in the first decade of life with inflammatory interstitial lung disease or colitis due to abnormal tissue infiltration by activated T cells. Patients develop autoimmune cytopenias and may have lymphadenopathy; 1 reported patient had features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Some patients may have recurrent infections associated with mild lymphopenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, and NK cell dysfunction. Immunologic workup indicates signs of significant immune dysregulation with elevation of inflammatory serum markers, variable immune cell defects involving neutrophils, NK cells, and myeloid cells, and disrupted levels of T regulatory cells (Tregs). Two unrelated patients have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030798 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 99 with hypogammaglobulinemia and autoimmune cytopenias An autosomal recessive immunologic disorder characterized by the onset of recurrent sinopulmonary infections in early childhood. Laboratory studies reveal hypogammaglobulinemia with decreased memory B cells that show impaired class-switch recombination (CSR) and decreased somatic hypermutation (SHM). Due to abnormal antibody production and impaired self-tolerance, patients may develop autoimmune cytopenias, such as thrombocytopenia, or autoimmune features, such as vitiligo. There are also defects in the T-cell compartment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030813 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 101 (varicella zoster virus-specific) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030858 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 75 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030898 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 76 An autosomal recessive primary immunologic disorder characterized by onset of recurrent bacterial, viral, and fungal infections in early childhood. Laboratory studies show T-cell lymphopenia and may show variable B-cell or immunoglobulin abnormalities. More variable features found in some patients include lymphoma and neurologic features. Although bone marrow transplantation may be curative, many patients die in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030970 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 106, susceptibility to viral infections DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030971 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 78 with autoimmunity and developmental delay DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030973 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 77 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031030 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 107, susceptibility to invasive staphylococcus aureus infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032599 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 15a DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032723 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 60 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032763 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 62 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032782 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 63 with lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032803 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 64 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032848 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 65, susceptibility to viral infections DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033541 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 69 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033542 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 70 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033551 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 72 with autoinflammation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042982 biolink:NamedThing GATA2 deficiency with susceptibility to MDS/AML A disorder arising from deficiency in the GATA2 with a wide spectrum of phenotypes. Autosomal dominant mutations of GATA2 cause a haploinsufficiency, which, in consequence, cause individuals to develop hematological, immunological, lymphatic, or other presentations. These often progress to severe organ (e.g. lung) failure, opportunistic infections, myelodysplastic syndrome, and/or acute myeloid leukemia. The most common clinical denominator is the propensity for myeloid neoplasia (myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS], myeloproliferative neoplasms [MPN], chronic myelomonocytic leukemia [CMML], acute myeloid leukemia [AML]). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044725 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to GINS1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054696 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 53 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054697 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 11b with atopic dermatitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100162 biolink:NamedThing IKBKG-related immunodeficiency with or without ectodermal dysplasia Any recessive immunodeficiency (ID), with or without ectodermal dysplasia (EDA), in which the cause of the disease is mutation in the IKBKG gene. ID/EDA-ID patients, always males, are hemizygous for an IKBKG (NEMO) mutation that preserves residual NF-κB activation (hypomorphic mutations) and may also present with osteopetrosis and lymphoedema (OL-EDA-ID). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100432 biolink:NamedThing FNIP1-associated syndrome Any immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FNIP1 gene. Disruption of Folliculin Interacting Protein 1 alters the essential metabolic regulators AMPK and mTOR, resulting in profound B-cell deficiency, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and pre-excitation syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800134 biolink:NamedThing primary immunodeficiency due to calcium channel deficiency An immunodeficiency disease caused by a variation in the CRACR2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800142 biolink:NamedThing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and connective tissue disease due to JNK1 haploinsufficiency An immunodeficiency disease caused by a variation in MAPK8, the gene encoding c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), that is characterized by chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and a connective tissue disorder that clinically overlaps with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004383 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system germinoma A central nervous system germinoma that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004452 biolink:NamedThing childhood central nervous system germinoma A germinoma arising from the central nervous system during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003777 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis urothelial papilloma A benign neoplasm of the renal pelvis that involves the transitional epithelium projecting above the surrounding epithelial surface and consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021109 biolink:NamedThing inverted urothelial papilloma An endophytic lesion in the urinary tract which shares several morphologic features with urothelial papilloma. This lesion may recur after complete excision. Transitional cell carcinomas may arise within inverted urothelial papillomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002223 biolink:NamedThing ovarian malignant mesothelioma A rare malignant mesothelial neoplasm that usually involves both the ovarian surface and the ovarian stroma. In most cases there is bilateral ovarian involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003805 biolink:NamedThing malignant pericardial mesothelioma A rare neoplasm of mesothelial origin that arises from the pericardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005599 biolink:NamedThing malignant epithelioid mesothelioma A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells in the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with an epithelioid appearance. In the majority of cases, the neoplastic epithelioid cells lack significant cytologic atypia; mitotic figures are infrequently seen. In a minority of cases, the neoplastic cells are poorly differentiated and there is evidence of nuclear atypia and increased mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006109 biolink:NamedThing malignant biphasic mesothelioma A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells in the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelioid cells and sarcomatoid features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006407 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid mesothelioma A diffuse malignant mesothelioma arising from the pleura and less often the peritoneum. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells. Anaplastic morphologic features and multinucleated malignant cells may also be seen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002230 biolink:NamedThing ovarian Wilms tumor An embryonal neoplasm arising from the ovary with morphologic features resembling Wilms tumor of the kidney. It occurs during the reproductive age and may present as a rapidly growing adnexal mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003879 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinofibroma A malignant neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells resembling endometrial cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018365 biolink:NamedThing malignant non-epithelial tumor of ovary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002380 biolink:NamedThing myoepithelial tumor A benign or malignant tumor characterized by the presence of cells that show myoepithelial differentiation. Based on its morphologic features, it is classified as benign or malignant. A representative example of benign myoepithelioma is benign salivary gland myoepithelioma. Representative examples of malignant myoepithelioma or myoepithelial carcinoma are malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002994 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic delta cell neuroendocrine tumor A usually malignant neuroendocrine tumor arising from the delta cells of the pancreas. It may be associated with inappropriate secretion of somatostatin and an associated clinical syndrome, or it may be hormonally inactive (non-functioning). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004255 biolink:NamedThing Wolffian adnexal tumor A benign or malignant epithelial neoplasm of probable Wolffian origin. It predominantly arises from the broad ligament and presents as a unilateral adnexal mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006720 biolink:NamedThing cystic, mucinous, and serous neoplasm Neoplasms containing cyst-like formations or producing mucin or serum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018079 biolink:NamedThing thymic epithelial neoplasm An epithelial neoplasm that affects the thymus gland. This category includes thymomas and carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020799 biolink:NamedThing basal cell neoplasm A neoplastic proliferation of basal cells in the epidermis (part of the skin) or other anatomic sites (most frequently the salivary glands). The basal cell neoplastic proliferation in the epidermis results in basal cell carcinomas. The basal cell neoplastic proliferation in the salivary glands can be benign, resulting in basal cell adenomas or malignant, resulting in basal cell adenocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021096 biolink:NamedThing papillary epithelial neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024888 biolink:NamedThing mesonephric neoplasm An epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037254 biolink:NamedThing transitional cell neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006058 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor An embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of epithelial, mesenchymal, and blastema components. The vast majority of cases arise from the kidney. A small number of cases with morphologic features resembling Wilms tumor of the kidney have been reported arising from the ovary and the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006144 biolink:NamedThing cervical Wilms tumor An embryonal neoplasm arising from the cervix with morphologic features resembling Wilms tumor of the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019004 biolink:NamedThing kidney Wilms tumor An embryonal pediatric tumor of the kidney which may also be seen rarely in adults. The peak incidence of Wilms tumor is between the second and fifth year of life. Microscopically, it is composed of a mixture of cellular elements (blastemal, stromal, and epithelial). The most common sites of metastasis include the regional lymph nodes, lungs, and liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002770 biolink:NamedThing vaginal discharge Normal or abnormal secretions from the vagina. Mucus produced by the cervical glands is discharged from the vagina naturally, especially during the childbearing years. Causes of abnormal vaginal discharge include infectious agents (e.g., Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas, and Candida albicans), the presence of foreign bodies, and cervical or vaginal cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004679 biolink:NamedThing leukoplakia of vagina Leukoplakia of the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021394 biolink:NamedThing polyp of vagina A polyp that involves the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008387 biolink:NamedThing ring dermoid of cornea Ring dermoid of cornea is characterised by annular limbal dermoids (growths with a skin-like structure) with corneal and conjunctival extension. Less than 30 cases have been described. Transmission is autosomal dominant and mutations in the PITX2 gene have been suggested as a potential cause of the condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017050 biolink:NamedThing intraocular medulloepithelioma Intraocular medulloepithelioma is a rare eye tumor characterized by a white, gray or yellow-colored cystic mass that arises from the primitive neuroectodermal, nonpigmented epithelium of the ciliary body, or occasionally from the optic nerve, optic disc, retina or iris. Typically it has a benign clinical course with good prognosis and generally presents with childhood onset of poor vision and pain, glaucoma, and/or cataract. Leukocoria, exotropia, exophthalmos, strabismus, epiphora, change in eye color, hyphema, and raised intraocular pressure are also remarkable manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018607 biolink:NamedThing combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018885 biolink:NamedThing orbital leiomyoma Orbital leiomyoma is a rare benign smooth muscle tumor arising from the walls of orbital vessels characterized by its slow growth and well encapsulated nature. It is usually located in an extraconal position, commonly manifesting with painless proptosis. The tumor is composed of spindle cells arranged in a fibrous stroma rich in dilated sinusoidal capillaries. The nuclei of tumor cells are oval with blunted ends and there are no mitotic figures. Orbital leiomyoma when excised has excellent prognosis for vision and life. One case of orbital leiomyosarcoma that possibly represents sarcomatous change in an orbital leiomyoma following radiation treatment has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019336 biolink:NamedThing Gardner syndrome Gardner syndrome is a severe form of familial adenomatous polyposis characterized by multiple adenomas in the colon and rectum associated with prominent extracolonic features including osteomas and multiple skin and soft tissue tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021454 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of eye A benign neoplasm that involves the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002241 biolink:NamedThing factor XIII deficiency An acquired or inherited coagulation disorder due to reduced levels and activity of factor XIII. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008560 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia due to activated protein C resistance A hemostatic disorder characterized by a poor anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC). The activated form of Factor V (Factor Va) is more slowly degraded by activated protein C. Factor V Leiden mutation (R506Q) is the most common cause of APC resistance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018660 biolink:NamedThing hemophilia Hemophilia is a genetic disorder characterized by spontaneous hemorrhage or prolonged bleeding due to factor VIII or IX deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020586 biolink:NamedThing factor V deficiency A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor V activity in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020599 biolink:NamedThing acquired coagulation factor deficiency Deficiency of a coagulation factor that is not caused by genetic alterations. Causes include vitamin K deficiency, amyloidosis, and severe liver disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024574 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease (hereditary or acquired) Hereditary or acquired coagulation disorder characterized by a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of the von Willebrand factor. The latter plays an important role in platelet adhesion. Signs and symptoms include bruises, nose bleeding, gum bleeding following a dental procedure, heavy menstrual bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035742 biolink:NamedThing factor V short isoforms-related bleeding disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035743 biolink:NamedThing factor V amsterdam bleeding disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035759 biolink:NamedThing factor V atlanta bleeding disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035776 biolink:NamedThing combined deficiency of factor VII and factor X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002250 biolink:NamedThing basilar artery insufficiency A syndrome which occurs as a result of the occlusion of the basilar artery. It may be caused by atherosclerosis, embolism or hemorrhage. Clinical signs include dizziness, headache, vomiting, hemiparesis or hemiplegia, dysarthria, dysphagia, blurred vision and loss of consciousness. The clinical course is variable and is dependent upon the extent of the occlusion and the location of the clot along the basilar artery which determines the resultant neurologic impairment. Prognosis is dismal in cases where a complete occlusion occurs with rapid deterioration of neurological function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002253 biolink:NamedThing spondylosis A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any part of the vertebra, the intervertebral disk, and the surrounding soft tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005541 biolink:NamedThing spondylolysis A defect in the pars interarticularis of a vertebral bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024467 biolink:NamedThing apocrine sweat gland disorder A disease that involves the apocrine sweat gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022171 biolink:NamedThing chromhidrosis A rare condition characterized by the secretion of colored sweat, caused by the deposition of lipofuscin in the sweat glands. Usually chromhidrosis affects the apocrine glands, mainly on the face and underarms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002268 biolink:NamedThing dyspepsia An uncomfortable, often painful feeling in the stomach, resulting from impaired digestion. Symptoms include burning stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting. Causes include gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pancreatic disease, and gallbladder disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006769 biolink:NamedThing gastroparesis Paralysis of the muscles of the stomach wall resulting in delayed emptying of the gastric contents into the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003978 biolink:NamedThing colon small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the colon. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004663 biolink:NamedThing colon carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018513 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of colon A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002272 biolink:NamedThing polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia A laboratory test result indicating abnormally high proliferation of gamma globulins in the blood originating from multiple cell lines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002274 biolink:NamedThing monoclonal paraproteinemia disease A disease characterized by the presence of excessive amounts of paraprotein or single monoclonal gammaglobulin in the blood. It is usually due to an underlying immunoproliferative disorder or hematologic neoplasms, especially multiple myeloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005190 biolink:NamedThing macroglobulinemia Macroglobulinemia is the presence of increased levels of macroglobulins in the circulating blood. It is a Plasma cell dyscrasia, resembling leukemia, with cells of lymphocytic, plasmacytic, or intermediate morphology, which secrete a monoclonal immunoglobulin M component. There is diffuse infiltration by the malignant cells of the bone marrow and also, in many cases, of the spleen, liver, or lymph nodes. The circulating macroglobulin can produce symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome: weakness, fatigue, bleeding disorders, and visual disturbances. Peak incidence of macroglobulinemia is in the sixth and seventh decades of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004225 biolink:NamedThing monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance A condition characterized by the presence of a monoclonal gammopathy (MG) in which the clonal mass has not reached a predefined state in which the condition is considered malignant. Up to 25% of cases of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) progress to a B-cell malignancy or myeloma. MGUS may occur in conjunction with various carcinomas, chronic inflammatory and infectious conditions, and other diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019604 biolink:NamedThing acquired monoclonal Ig light chain-associated Fanconi syndrome A rare monoclonalgammopathy characterized by renal proximal tubule dysfunction secondary to monoclonal kappa light chain deposits in proximal tubular cells. Clinical presentation is with variable chronic kidney disease, low molecular weight proteinuria, aminoaciduria, hyperphosphaturia, uricosuria, bicarbonaturia, and non-diabetic glycosuria. Renal phosphate and urate wasting may cause hypophosphatemia and hypouricaemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002882 biolink:NamedThing colon neuroendocrine neoplasm A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the colon. It includes well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006152 biolink:NamedThing colon inflammatory polyp A non-neoplastic polypoid lesion in the colon. It may arise in a background of inflammatory bowel disease or colitis. It is characterized by the presence of a distorted epithelium, inflammation, and fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006153 biolink:NamedThing colon juvenile polyp A non-neoplastic hamartomatous polyp that arises from the colon. It is characterized by the presence of tortuous and cystically dilated glands, edematous changes, and inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021462 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of rectum A benign neoplasm that involves the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003019 biolink:NamedThing potassium deficiency disease Any disorder caused by an insufficient amount or availability of potassium, which generally manifests with myalgia, tetany, hypotension, polyuria, and polydipsia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056803 biolink:NamedThing sulfur metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of sulfur compound metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002970 biolink:NamedThing ciliary body disorder A disease involving the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006814 biolink:NamedThing iritis Inflammation of the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019172 biolink:NamedThing aniridia Aniridia is a congenital ocular malformation characterized by the complete or partial absence of the iris. It can be isolated or part of a syndrome (isolated and syndromic aniridia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021224 biolink:NamedThing iris neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024456 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment dysgenesis 3 An iridogoniodysgenesis that results from alterations in the forkhead transcription factor gene (FOXC1) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041775 biolink:NamedThing intraoperative floppy iris syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002287 biolink:NamedThing glandular cystitis A reactive inflammatory disorder affecting the bladder. It is characterized by the development of small cysts in the bladder wall. The cysts are lined by metaplastic glandular cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002291 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous granular cell tumor A granular cell tumor that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002295 biolink:NamedThing skin glomus tumor A glomus tumor arising from the skin. It usually presents as a small red-blue nodule and it often associated with pain at the site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006717 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous fibrous histiocytoma A benign, intermediate, or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of fibrohistiocytic cells, spindle fibroblastic cells, and histiocytes, in a storiform pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019023 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous mastocytosis Cutaneous mastocytosis is a term referring to a group of diseases characterized by abnormal accumulation and proliferation of skin mastocytes. In some cases (most commonly in adults), cutaneous mastocytosis may occur in association with mast cell infiltration of various extracutaneous organs, in which case the disorder is referred to as systemic mastocytosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006235 biolink:NamedThing granular cell tumor An unusual benign or malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic large polygonal cells with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm which contains abundant lysosomes. It was originally thought to be a tumor originating from muscle cells and was named granular cell myoblastoma. Subsequent studies have suggested a derivation from Schwann cells. It affects females more often than males and it usually presents as a solitary mass. A minority of patients have multiple tumors. It can arise from many anatomic sites including the posterior pituitary gland, skin, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, heart, mediastinum, and breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003251 biolink:NamedThing esophageal granular cell tumor A tumor that usually presents with small nodules or small sessile polyps, predominantly in the distal esophagus. Histologically, it is composed of sheets of oval to polygonal cells with a small central nucleus and abundant granular cytoplasm. This is usually a benign tumor. (WHO, 2000) -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003255 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal granular cell myoblastoma An exceptionally rare, generally benign, granular cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum. All the reported cases were located in the posterior mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003256 biolink:NamedThing neurohypophysis granular cell tumor A generally benign intrasellar and/or suprasellar mass arising from the neurohypophysis or infundibulum. It is composed of nests of large cells with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm due to abundant intracytoplasmic lysosomes. It generally has a slow progression and lacks invasive growth. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018327 biolink:NamedThing glomus tumor A rare benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from cells that resemble the modified smooth muscle cells of the glomus body. The majority of glomus tumors occur in the distal extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002299 biolink:NamedThing glomangioma A morphologic variant of the glomus tumor characterized by the presence of dilated veins, surrounded by small clusters of glomus cells. Glomangiomas are most often present in patients with multiple lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024323 biolink:NamedThing glomangiomyoma A morphologic variant of the glomus tumor with architectural features similar to solid glomus tumor. It is characterized by the presence of elongated glomus cells which resemble mature smooth muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002298 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous glomangioma A glomus tumor arising from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of dilated veins surrounded by glomus cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003341 biolink:NamedThing subungual glomus tumor A glomus tumor arising in the finger and usually associated with pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024325 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous glomangiomyoma A glomangiomyoma that involves the zone of skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021154 biolink:NamedThing dermis disorder A disease that involves the dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006583 biolink:NamedThing necrobiosis lipoidica Necrobiosis lipoidica is a rare skin disorder of collagen degeneration. It is characterized by a rash that occurs on the lower legs. It is more common in women, and there are usually several spots. They are slightly raised shiny red-brown patches. The centers are often yellowish and may develop open sores that are slow to heal. Infections can occur but are uncommon. Some patients have itching, pain, or abnormal sensations. It usually occurs more often in people with diabetes, in people with a family history of diabetes or a tendency to get diabetes, but can occur in nondiabetic people. About 11% to 65% of patients with necrobiosis lipoidica also have diabetes, but the exact cause is still not known. Treatment is difficult. The disease is typically chronic with variable progression and scarring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007118 biolink:NamedThing isolated anhidrosis with normal sweat glands Any anhidrosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ITPR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008153 biolink:NamedThing progressive osseous heteroplasia A rare genetic bone disorder characterized clinically by progressive extraskeletal bone formation presenting in early life with cutaneous ossification, that progressively involves subcutaneous and then subsequently deep connective tissues, including muscle and fascia. POH overlaps with a number of related genetic disorders including Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, pseudohypoparathyroidism (see these terms), and primary osteoma cutis, that share the common features of superficial heterotopic ossification in association with inactivating mutations of GNAS gene (20q13.2-q13.3), coding for guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. POH can, however, be distinguished clinically by the deep and progressive nature of the heterotopic bone formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008339 biolink:NamedThing antecubital pterygium syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009094 biolink:NamedThing dermochondrocorneal dystrophy Dermochondrocorneal dystrophy is characterised by osteochondrodystrophy of the hands and feet, corneal dystrophy and the presence of skin nodules clustered around the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints, around the nose and ears and on the posterior surface of the elbow. Gingival lesions may also be present. It has been described in less than 20 patients. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015301 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous amyloidosis Cutaneous amyloidosis refers to a variety of skin diseases characterized histologically by the extracellular accumulation of amyloid deposits in the dermis. Rare forms include lichen amyloidosus, X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder, primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis, and macular amyloidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015371 biolink:NamedThing linear atrophoderma of Moulin Linear atrophoderma of Moulin (LAM) is characterized by mildly atrophic and hyperpigmented band-like lesions that follow the lines of Blaschko on the trunk or limbs. Since its initial description in 1992, less than 30 cases have been reported in the literature. Onset occurs during childhood or adolescence and the disease is non-progressive. There is no prior inflammation or subsequent scleroderma. The aetiology is unknown but as LAM follows the lines of Blaschko it has been suggested that the disease is caused by mosaicism of a predisposing gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018432 biolink:NamedThing lichen myxedematosus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019033 biolink:NamedThing primary cutis verticis gyrata Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG) is a progressive cutaneous disorder predominantly affecting males and characterized by hypertrophy and thickening of the skin of the scalp forming convoluted furrows with deep, tender, and cerebriform cutaneous folds. Hair is usually normal in the furrows and sparse on the folds. CG can be isolated (essential CVG) or associated with other abnormalities such as intellectual deficit, epilepsy, cataract, blindness, and deafness (non essential CVG). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019292 biolink:NamedThing dermis elastic tissue disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019294 biolink:NamedThing mixed dermis disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004618 biolink:NamedThing diplegia of upper limb DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005287 biolink:NamedThing developmental disability Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005391 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome A condition that occurs while resting or lying in bed; it is characterized by an irresistible urgency to move the legs to obtain relief from a strange and uncomfortable sensation in the legs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005527 biolink:NamedThing toxic encephalopathy A group of neurologic disorders caused by damage to the nervous system following exposure to pharmacologic, biologic, and chemical agents. Examples of neurotoxins include chemotherapy agents, radiation treatment, heavy metals, pesticides, and food additives. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005773 biolink:NamedThing Gerstmann syndrome Gerstmann syndrome is a very rare neurological disorder characterized by the specific association of acalculia, finger agnosia, left-right disorientation, and agraphia, which is supposed to be secondary to a focal subcortical white matter damage in the parietal lobe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006731 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced akathisia An uncomfortable feeling of inner restlessness and inability to stay still. It can be a side effect of psychotropic medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006732 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced dyskinesia Abnormal movements, including hyperkinesis; hypokinesia; tremor; and dystonia, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see antipsychotic agents). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008503 biolink:NamedThing Worster-Drought syndrome Worster-Drought syndrome (WDS) is a form of cerebral palsy characterized by congenital pseudobulbar (suprabulbar) paresis manifesting as selective weakness of the lips, tongue and soft palate, dysphagia, dysphonia, drooling and jaw jerking. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010840 biolink:NamedThing pachygyria-intellectual disability-epilepsy syndrome A rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by the presence of diffuse pachygyria and arachnoid cysts, psychomotor developmental delay and intellectual disability. Seizures (absence, atonic and generalized tonic-clonic) and, on occasion, headache are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011036 biolink:NamedThing porencephaly-cerebellar hypoplasia-internal malformations syndrome Porencephaly-cerebellar hypoplasia-internal malformations syndrome is rare central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral porencephaly, absence of the septum pellucidum and cerebellar hypoplasia with absent vermis. Additionally, dysmorphic facial features (hypertelorism, epicanthic folds, high arched palate, prominent metopic suture), macrocephaly, corneal clouding, situs inversus, tetralogy of Fallot, atrial septal defects and/or seizures have been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015145 biolink:NamedThing neurovascular malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015269 biolink:NamedThing symmetrical thalamic calcifications Symmetrical thalamic calcifications are clinically distinguished by a low Apgar score, spasticity or marked hypotonia, weak or absent cry, poor feeding, and facial diplegia or weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015315 biolink:NamedThing neonatal brainstem dysfunction Neonatal brainstem dysfunction is a rare neurologic disease characterized by the association of suction-swallowing dysfunction, abnormal laryngeal sensitivity and motility (manifesting with dyspnea or obstructive apnea-hypopnea), gastroesophageal reflux (generally resistant to medication) and cardiac vagal overactivity (e.g. brachycardia, vasovagal episodes) of varying degrees of severity. Impaired social interaction has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015914 biolink:NamedThing primary orthostatic hypotension Primary orthostatic hypotension is a rare type of orthostatic hypotension. It is not a disease per se, but a condition caused by several disorders that affect a specific part of the autonomic nervous system, such as multiple system atrophy, young-onset Parkinson's disease, pure autonomic failure, dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency, familial dysautonomia, and pure autonomic failure among others. The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system that regulates certain involuntary body functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, sweating, and bowel and bladder control. Orthostatic hypotension is a form of low blood pressure that happens when standing-up from sitting or lying down. Common symptoms may include dizziness, lightheadedness, generalized weakness, leg buckling, nausea, blurry vision, fatigue, and headaches. Additional symptoms can include chest pain (angina), head and neck pain (often affecting neck and shoulders with a coat hanger distribution), decline in cognitive functioning such as difficulty concentrating, temporary loss of consciousness or “blackout”. Some people with primary orthostatic hypotension may also have high blood pressure when lying down. The treatment depends upon several factors including the specific underlying cause including The treatment depends upon several factors including the specific underlying cause and may include physical counter-maneuvers like lying down, sitting down, squatting clenching buttocks, leg crossing, and support garment and medication. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016139 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative protein defects in neuromuscular diseases DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016225 biolink:NamedThing specific learning disability Diagnosed when there are specific deficits in an individualbs ability to perceive or process information efficiently and accurately. This disorder first manifests during the years of formal schooling and is characterized by persistent and impairing difficulties with learning foundational academic skills in reading, writing, and/or math. The individualbs performance of the affected academic skills is well below average for age, or acceptable performance levels are achieved only with extraordinary effort. Specific learning disorder may occur in individuals identified as intellectually gifted and manifest only when the learning demands or assessment procedures (e.g., timed tests) pose barriers that cannot be overcome by their innate intelligence and compensatory strategies. For all individuals, specific learning disorder can produce lifelong impairments in activities dependent on the skills, including occupational performance. (from dsm-V) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016392 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar hypoplasia-tapetoretinal degeneration syndrome Cerebellar hypoplasia-tapetoretinal degeneration syndrome is a rare syndrome with a cerebellar malformation as a major feature characterized by cerebellar hypoplasia, bilateral retinal pigmentary changes, intellectual disability that can range from mild to moderate and pronounced language development delay. It presents with early developmental delay, central and peripheral non-progressive visual impairment or asymptomatic retinal changes, hypotonia, non-progressive ataxia and nystagmus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016428 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis variant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016567 biolink:NamedThing locked-in syndrome Locked-in syndrome (LIS) is a neurological condition characterized by the presence of sustained eye opening, quadriplegia or quadriparesis, anarthria, preserved cognitive functioning and a primary code of communication that uses vertical eye movements or blinking. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017297 biolink:NamedThing chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017577 biolink:NamedThing spontaneous periodic hypothermia Spontaneous periodic hypothermia (SPH) is a neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous periodic hypothermia and hyperhidrosis in the absence of hypothalamic lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017648 biolink:NamedThing Sydenham chorea A neurological disorder characterized by rapid, jerky, irregular, and involuntary movements (chorea), especially of the face and limbs. Additional symptoms may include muscle weakness, slurred speech, headaches, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018211 biolink:NamedThing Balint syndrome Balint syndrome is a rare neurologic disease characterized by the triad of optic ataxia, ocular apraxia and simultanagnosia due to posterior parietal lobe lesions. Patients report ophthalmologic difficulties in the absence of underlying ophthalomologic anomalies and present severe visual and spatial disabilities in locating and reaching objects, initiating voluntary eye movements and perceiving more than one object at a time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018215 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome A paraneoplastic syndrome that involves the nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018546 biolink:NamedThing serotonin syndrome Serotoninergic syndrome is characterised by an excess of serotonin in the central nervous system, associated with the use of various agents, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018752 biolink:NamedThing exercise-induced malignant hyperthermia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019000 biolink:NamedThing perineural cyst Perineural (or Tarlov) cysts are cerebrospinal fluid-filled nerve root cysts most commonly found at the sacral level of the spine, although they can be found in any section of the spine, which can cause progressively painful radiculopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019100 biolink:NamedThing neuromyelitis optica Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and NMO spectrum disorders are inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system characterized mainly by attacks of uni- or bilateral optic neuritis (ON) and acute myelitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020495 biolink:NamedThing PEHO-like syndrome PEHO-like syndrome is a rare, genetic neurological disease characterized by progressive encephalopathy, early-onset seizures with a hypsarrhythmic pattern, facial and limb edema, severe hypotonia, early arrest of psychomotor development and craniofacial dysmorphism (evolving microcephaly, narrow forehead, short nose, prominent auricles, open mouth, micrognathia), in the absence of neuro-ophthalmic or neuroradiologic findings. Poor visual responsiveness, growth failure and tapering fingers are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021017 biolink:NamedThing synaptopathy A disease caused by dysfunction of synapses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024183 biolink:NamedThing wet beriberi DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024251 biolink:NamedThing Minamata disease A neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033926 biolink:NamedThing prepubertal anorexia nervosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035014 biolink:NamedThing primary orthostatic disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035383 biolink:NamedThing FOXG1 syndrome A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by early onset of microcephaly, severe global developmental delay and cognitive impairment, dyskinesia and hyperkinetic movements, visual impairment, autistic behavior, stereotypies, sleep disturbance, epilepsy, and cerebral malformations (such as corpus callosum hypogenesis, forebrain anomaly, and delayed myelination). Speech is minimal or absent, and ambulation is not attained. Patients with a larger 14q12 microdeletion show a more severe phenotype than those with intragenic alterations, with the addition of facial dysmorphism and agenesis of the corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043280 biolink:NamedThing Wallerian degeneration A condition caused by degeneration, atrophy, and destruction of the distal part of a nerve fiber's axon and myelin, when continuity with the neural cell nucleus has been severed due to injury. Signs and symptoms include muscle weakness, altered sensation, and limb numbness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044745 biolink:NamedThing nervous system injury Traumatic injuries to the brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, or neuromuscular system, including iatrogenic injuries induced by surgical procedures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100081 biolink:NamedThing sleep disorder A change from the patient's baseline sleeping pattern, in the hours slept and/or an alteration/dysfunction in the stages of sleep. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100153 biolink:NamedThing tubulinopathy A nervous system disorder characterized by complex cortical malformations including in most cases dysmorphic basal ganglia and/or corpus callosum in which the cause of the disease is a variation in a tubulin gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700002 biolink:NamedThing ATP1A3-associated neurological disorder Any neurological disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP1A3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700055 biolink:NamedThing KIF1A related neurological disorder KIF1A-associated neurological disorder (KAND) encompasses a group of rare neurodegenerative conditions caused by variants in KIF1A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003896 biolink:NamedThing breast capillary hemangioma A capillary hemangioma arising from the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022096 biolink:NamedThing pyogenic granuloma A disorder of the skin, the oral mucosa, and the gingiva, that usually presents as a solitary polypoid capillary hemangioma often resulting from trauma. It is manifested as an inflammatory response with similar characteristics to those of a granuloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002328 biolink:NamedThing intracranial hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the brain and meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003428 biolink:NamedThing brain hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003901 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar hemangioblastoma A histologically benign tumor, usually cystic with a vascular mural nodule, that is most often found in the cerebellum though it has been reported at other sites within the neuraxis. It is associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL gene located on chr 3p25-26). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003902 biolink:NamedThing brain stem hemangioblastoma A hemangioblastoma that involves the brainstem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021499 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of cerebellum A benign neoplasm that involves the cerebellum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006702 biolink:NamedThing chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy A rare neurological disorder in which there is inflammation of nerve roots and peripheral nerves and destruction of the fatty protective covering (myelin sheath) over the nerves. This affects how fast the nerve signals are transmitted and leads to loss of nerve fibers. This causes weakness, paralysis and/or impairment in motor function, especially of the arms and legs (limbs). Sensory disturbance may also be present. The motor and sensory impairments usually affect both sides of the body (symmetrical), and the degree of severity and the course of disease may vary from case to case. Some affected individuals may follow a slow steady pattern of symptoms while others may have symptoms that stabilize and then relapse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004224 biolink:NamedThing chronic metabolic polyneuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004372 biolink:NamedThing chronic toxic polyneuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016170 biolink:NamedThing chronic polyradiculoneuropathy Chronic form of polyradiculoneuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002342 biolink:NamedThing chondromalacia Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (cartilage). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002343 biolink:NamedThing splenic hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021500 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of spleen A benign neoplasm that involves the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002347 biolink:NamedThing barbiturate dependence A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite problems related to use of the substance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005303 biolink:NamedThing drug dependence Drug dependence - replaced the term "drug addiction" and is defined as a state, psychic and sometimes also physical, resulting from the interaction between a living organism and a drug, characterized by behavioral and other responses that always include a compulsion to take the drug on a continuous or periodic basis in order to experience its psychic effects, and sometimes to avoid the discomfort of its absence. Tolerance may or may not be present. A person may be dependent on more than one drug. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004939 biolink:NamedThing hallucinogen dependence A drug dependence for a hallucinogenic substance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005186 biolink:NamedThing cocaine dependence A psychologically and socially impaired state, with or without physiological changes, that develops as a result of using cocaine and which leads to compulsive behaviors to acquire the substance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005419 biolink:NamedThing metamphetamine dependence A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of metamphetamine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005432 biolink:NamedThing alcohol and nicotine codependence A drug dependence that is the physiological result of being addicted to alcohol and nicotine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005530 biolink:NamedThing opiate dependence Disorders related or resulting from abuse or mis-use of opioids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005689 biolink:NamedThing cannabis dependence Physical and psychological dependence on the drug cannabis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008575 biolink:NamedThing nicotine dependence Physical and psychological dependence on nicotine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031008 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 24 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043156 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome ocular anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044765 biolink:NamedThing steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome Nephrotic syndrome, occurring in the pediatric population, in which proteinuria does not normalize with administration of steroids; this condition is unresponsive to a minimum of four weeks administration of oral corticosteroids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002355 biolink:NamedThing glottis carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the glottis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004357 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of supraglottis A carcinoma of the larynx that arises from the supraglottic area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004358 biolink:NamedThing subglottis carcinoma A carcinoma of the larynx that arises from the subglottic area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006265 biolink:NamedThing laryngeal small cell carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the larynx. It is characterized by the presence of small neuroendocrine cells. It metastasizes early and has an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002357 biolink:NamedThing hepatic flexure cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the hepatic flexure of colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002522 biolink:NamedThing tenosynovial giant cell tumor A tumor usually arising in the synovium of joints, bursa or tendon sheath. It is characterized by the presence of mononuclear cells, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, foam cells, and an inflammatory infiltrate. According to the growth pattern, it is classified as localized or diffuse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003301 biolink:NamedThing dartoic leiomyoma A cutaneous leiomyoma arising from the dartos muscle of the scrotum or labia majora. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004315 biolink:NamedThing cholangiolocellular carcinoma An intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that arises from the canals of Hering. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006209 biolink:NamedThing fibroblastic neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic fibroblasts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021354 biolink:NamedThing tumor of adipose tissue A neoplasm (disease) that involves the adipose tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002518 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder papillary neoplasm A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the gallbladder. Intraepithelial neoplasia is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003443 biolink:NamedThing papillary urothelial neoplasm A neoplastic lesion of the urinary tract transitional cell epithelium characterized by papillary formations. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003813 biolink:NamedThing ovarian papillary tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of papillary proliferations. Representative examples include surface papilloma, borderline serous surface papillary tumor, and serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006190 biolink:NamedThing endolymphatic sac tumor An aggressive epithelial neoplasm arising from the temporal bone. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary pattern, and has been described as an adenoma or carcinoma in the literature. There is disagreement regarding its relationship to endolymphatic sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006349 biolink:NamedThing papillary cystic neoplasm A benign, malignant, or borderline neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary mucinous, serous, or clear cell structures and cystic structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002365 biolink:NamedThing kidney hemangiopericytoma A hemangiopericytoma arising from the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005094 biolink:NamedThing hemangiopericytoma An antiquated term that refers to benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells arranged around thin-walled branching vascular spaces. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003223 biolink:NamedThing meninges hemangiopericytoma A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma that arises from the meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003857 biolink:NamedThing adult intracranial malignant hemangiopericytoma A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma, grade 3 that arises from the brain and occurs in the adult population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009330 biolink:NamedThing hemangiopericytoma, malignant An uncommon malignant neoplasm arising from pericytes. Distinction between benign and malignant hemangiopericytoma may be difficult or even impossible on morphologic grounds alone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002386 biolink:NamedThing mixed epithelial stromal tumor of the kidney A rare, usually benign neoplasm that arises from the kidney. It usually affects females. It is characterized by the presence of a biphasic pattern with tubular and cystic structures in a spindle cell stroma. Patients usually present with flank pain and hematuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002730 biolink:NamedThing childhood kidney neoplasm A kidney neoplasm that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003719 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019463 biolink:NamedThing non-amyloid monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019983 biolink:NamedThing multiloculated renal cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002547 biolink:NamedThing nerve sheath neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the perineural cells in the sheaths surrounding the nerves. Representative examples include neurofibroma, schwannoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003103 biolink:NamedThing nerve root neoplasm Benign and malignant neoplasms arising from one or more of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, or coccygeal nerve roots. The majority of these tumors are benign. Clinical manifestations may include pain, weakness and loss of sensation along the course of the involved nerve root. Large tumors may cause spinal cord compression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002368 biolink:NamedThing papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma A malignant cystic serous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005074 biolink:NamedThing papillary cystadenocarcinoma A malignant cystic serous or mucinous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024621 biolink:NamedThing serous cystadenocarcinoma A malignant serous cystic neoplasm usually involving the ovary or the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of invasive malignant glandular epithelial cells which often form papillary structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003630 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic serous cystadenocarcinoma A metastasizing, slow-growing malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the exocrine pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of cysts and is composed of glycogen-rich malignant epithelial cells which produce a watery fluid. Signs and symptoms include upper gastrointestinal bleeding, weight loss, jaundice, and abdominal pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006046 biolink:NamedThing ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma A malignant serous cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of glandular, papillary, or solid structures. Psammoma bodies may be present. In well differentiated cases the malignant epithelial cells resemble the cells of fallopian tube epithelium. In poorly differentiated cases the malignant epithelial cells show anaplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002370 biolink:NamedThing ovarian Brenner tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant transitional cell neoplasm arising from the ovary. It constitutes between 1% and 2% of all ovarian neoplasms. The average age at presentation is about 50 years. Grossly it is usually unilateral, firm and white or yellowish. Microscopically it consists of solid and cystic nests of epithelial cells resembling transitional epithelium surrounded by an abundant stromal component of dense, fibroblastic nature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003756 biolink:NamedThing ovarian mucinous neoplasm A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003887 biolink:NamedThing ovarian mucinous adenofibroma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of glands with mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016093 biolink:NamedThing borderline epithelial tumor of ovary A low grade epithelial tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of epithelial cells. There is no evidence of stromal invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037255 biolink:NamedThing ovarian serous tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelial cells of the fallopian tube and, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features. Approximately thirty to fifty percent of the tumors are bilateral. Grossly, the better differentiated tumors consist of cystic masses, usually unilocular, containing a clear but sometimes viscous fluid. Papillary formations are often present. The more malignant tumors tend to be solid and invasive, with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003118 biolink:NamedThing testicular Brenner tumor An uncommon usually benign neoplasm that arises from the testis. It is characterized by the presence of cysts lined by transitional cells and solid nests of transitional cells in a spindle cell stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002371 biolink:NamedThing breast pericanalicular fibroadenoma A morphologic variant of breast fibroadenoma without clinical significance. It is characterized by circumferential proliferation of stromal cells around the ducts. This results in the formation of rounded ductal-epithelial structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002377 biolink:NamedThing breast intracanalicular fibroadenoma A morphologic variant of breast fibroadenoma without clinical significance. It is characterized by distortion and compression of the ducts by proliferating stromal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004150 biolink:NamedThing breast giant fibroadenoma A breast fibroadenoma characterized by a very large size. This term has also been used as a synonym for juvenile fibroadenoma by some authors. The latter is characterized by epithelial hyperplasia and an increased stromal cellularity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002372 biolink:NamedThing ovarian monodermal and highly specialized teratoma A teratoma of the ovary composed exclusively or predominantly of a single type of tissue derived from the ectoderm or endoderm. A representative example is struma ovarii which is a teratoma composed exclusively or predominantly of thyroid tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003331 biolink:NamedThing ovarian monodermal teratoma A teratoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of tissues derived exclusively from one embryonic germ cell layer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005065 biolink:NamedThing mesothelioma A usually malignant and aggressive neoplasm of the mesothelium which is often associated with exposure to asbestos. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003308 biolink:NamedThing pleural mesothelioma A neoplasm that arises from the mesothelial cells of the pleura. The primary cause is exposure to asbestos. The major histologic variants are the epithelioid malignant mesothelioma, desmoplastic malignant mesothelioma, and sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma. Patients present with persistent cough and shortness of breath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003688 biolink:NamedThing well differentiated papillary mesothelioma A localized or multifocal mesothelioma arising from the peritoneum and less often the pleura. Cases arising from the peritoneum predominantly occur in women. It is characterized by the formation of papillae, covered by a single layer of blunt mesothelial cells. Mitotic figures are not present. There is no evidence of severe cytologic atypia. It has a relatively favorable clinical outcome, compared to malignant mesothelioma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006963 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous gland neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the sebaceous glands. Representative examples include sebaceous adenoma and sebaceous carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020176 biolink:NamedThing palpebral sebaceous gland tumor A neoplasm (disease) that involves the sebaceous gland of eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002527 biolink:NamedThing keratoacanthoma A dome-shaped, rapidly growing skin lesion composed of well differentiated squamous cells. It represents a proliferation of the infundibular epithelium of the hair follicle and its morphologic distinction from a well differentiated carcinoma may be difficult or impossible. Keratoacanthomas affect males more frequently than females and the majority tend to regress spontaneously. It has been suggested that keratoacanthoma represents a distinct subtype of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002376 biolink:NamedThing spleen angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003022 biolink:NamedThing pediatric angiosarcoma An angiosarcoma occurring in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003023 biolink:NamedThing aorta angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003024 biolink:NamedThing breast angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003025 biolink:NamedThing conventional angiosarcoma An angiosarcoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003026 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder angiosarcoma An angiosarcoma that is located in the gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003027 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland angiosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant vascular tumor primarily involving the thyroid gland. It is often associated with longstanding nodular goiter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003033 biolink:NamedThing prostate angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the prostate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003034 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003035 biolink:NamedThing ovarian angiosarcoma A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002379 biolink:NamedThing cystic teratoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003281 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cystic teratoma A teratoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of cystic structures. Representative example is the dermoid cyst. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004099 biolink:NamedThing adult cystic teratoma A cystic teratoma that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002601 biolink:NamedThing teratoma A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). It occurs in the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system, mediastinum, lung, and stomach. According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, teratomas are classified as mature or immature. Mature teratomas are composed of well differentiated, adult-type tissues. Immature teratomas are composed of immature, fetal-type tissues. Testicular teratomas in children follow a benign clinical course. Mature ovarian teratomas without a fetal-type component have an excellent outcome. The prognosis of immature ovarian teratomas is related to the grade and stage of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002718 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system teratoma A mature or immature teratoma that affects the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003514 biolink:NamedThing malignant teratoma A malignant form of teratoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003515 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube teratoma A teratoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is a rare tumor, often found incidentally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003516 biolink:NamedThing adult teratoma A teratoma that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003517 biolink:NamedThing mature teratoma A teratoma which may be cystic; it is composed entirely of well differentiated, adult-type tissues, without evidence of fetal-type tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003518 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum teratoma A teratoma that involves the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006233 biolink:NamedThing gonadal teratoma A teratoma that arises from the testis or ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006444 biolink:NamedThing teratoma with malignant transformation A teratoma which is characterized by morphologic transformation to malignancy and an aggressive clinical course. The malignant component most often is sarcomatous or carcinomatous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015391 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal teratoma A teratoma that involves the nasopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024746 biolink:NamedThing immature teratoma A teratoma composed of immature, fetal-type tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019311 biolink:NamedThing woolly hair nevus Woolly hair nevus (WHN) is a rare non-familial hair anomaly characterized by kinky, tightly coiled, and hypopigmented fine hair with an average diameter of 0.5 cm, noted, since birth or during the first two years of life, in a localized circumscribed distribution on the scalp. Occassionally, WHN grows in areas observed to be alopecic in the neonatal period. WHN can be associated with features like ocular defects (persistent pupillary membrane, retinal defects), precocious puberty, and epidermal nevi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021539 biolink:NamedThing hamartoma of skin appendage A hamartoma (disease) that involves the cutaneous appendage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006615 biolink:NamedThing sweat gland disorder A disease involving the sweat gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006527 biolink:NamedThing anhidrosis Lack of sweating or the ability to sweat when provoked by the appropriate stimulus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006540 biolink:NamedThing dyshidrosis A recurrent eczematous reaction characterized by the development of vesicular eruptions on the palms and soles, particularly along the sides and between the digits. It is accompanied by pruritus, a burning sensation, and hyperhidrosis. The disease is self-limiting, lasting only a few weeks. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006553 biolink:NamedThing Fox-Fordyce disease Fox-Fordyce disease isa chronic skin diseasemost common in women aged 13-35 years.It is characterized by the development of intense itching in the underarm area, the pubic area, and around the nipple of the breast as a result of perspiration which becomes trapped in the sweat gland and surrounding areas. The cause is unknown,but heat, humidity, and stress may play a role. Treatment may include the use of retinoids, antibiotics, and immunosuppressants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002849 biolink:NamedThing liver rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003866 biolink:NamedThing liver extraskeletal osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004435 biolink:NamedThing liver fibrosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the liver. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005102 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the liver and usually occurs in older children. It is composed of immature spindle, stellate, polymorphous, and giant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002388 biolink:NamedThing intracystic papillary adenoma A papillary epithelial neoplasm arising in a cystically dilated breast duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004421 biolink:NamedThing sclerosing breast papilloma A breast papilloma characterized by the presence of predominant sclerosing architectural features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004505 biolink:NamedThing central breast papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm that arises in a large duct of the breast. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular core that is lined by benign epithelial and myoepithelial proliferations. Patients usually present with nipple discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004506 biolink:NamedThing microscopic breast papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm that arises in a terminal ductal lobular unit. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular core that is lined by benign epithelial and myoepithelial proliferations. Peripheral breast papillomas are often multiple and are usually found microscopically. Patients are often asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004507 biolink:NamedThing atypical breast papilloma An intraductal papilloma of the breast characterized by the presence of focal epithelial atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005078 biolink:NamedThing phyllodes tumor A benign, borderline, or malignant fibroepithelial neoplasm arising from the breast and rarely the prostate gland. It may recur following resection. The recurrence rates are higher for borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors. In borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors metastases to distant anatomic sites can occur. The incidence of metastases is higher in malignant phyllodes tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003060 biolink:NamedThing biliary tract cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the biliary tree DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006122 biolink:NamedThing calcifying nested epithelial stromal tumor of the liver A rare malignant tumor that arises from the liver and occurs in children. It is characterized by the presence of nested epithelioid and spindle cells. Desmoplasia, calcifications, and bone formation may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003460 biolink:NamedThing clear cell adenofibroma A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of glandular structures which contain clear cells and a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003462 biolink:NamedThing papillary adenofibroma A biphasic polypoid neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary projections that are lined by epithelial cells and fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003464 biolink:NamedThing cystadenofibroma A benign or borderline neoplasm that arises from the ovaries and the fallopian tubes. It is characterized by the presence of cystic glandular structures and fibrous tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024886 biolink:NamedThing serous adenofibroma A benign adenofibroma characterized by the presence of serous secretory cells and minute cystic spaces filled with watery fluid. A representative example is the ovarian serous adenofibroma. Cases with epithelial atypia described in the ovary lacking stromal invasion are designated as borderline serous adenofibromas and have a low grade malignant potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002399 biolink:NamedThing tenosynovial giant cell tumor, localized type A well-circumscribed, lobulated tumor, completely or partially covered by a fibrous capsule. It usually arises in the fingers. It is characterized by the presence of mononuclear cells, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, foam cells, and an inflammatory infiltrate. The tumor is slow-growing, usually developing over several years. Clinical presentation includes painless edema of the affected site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002401 biolink:NamedThing malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor An uncommon malignant tumor arising from the tendon sheath. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of a cellular infiltrate reminiscent of a giant cell tumor with prominent malignant characteristics. Recurrent giant cell tumors with a sarcomatous dedifferentiation are included in this category as well. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002523 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous mucinosis The mucinoses are a diverse group of disorders which have in common the deposition of basophilic, finely granular and stringy material (mucin) in the connective tissues of the dermis (dermal mucinoses), in the pilosebaceous follicles (follicular mucinoses), or in the epidermis and tumors derived therefrom (epithelial mucinoses). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004605 biolink:NamedThing chronic ulcer of skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005326 biolink:NamedThing sunburn An inflammatory reaction from ultraviolet radiation characterized by transient redness, tenderness and occasional blistering. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005594 biolink:NamedThing severe cutaneous adverse reaction A permanent mark left on the skin in the process of wound healing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005898 biolink:NamedThing paronychia An acute or chronic infection of the soft tissues around the nail. Symptoms include pain, tenderness, erythema, and swelling around the nail. Acute infection results from minor trauma to the fingertip and Staphylococcus aureus is usually the causative agent. Chronic infection is usually caused by Candida albicans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006545 biolink:NamedThing erythema multiforme Erythema multiforme (EM) refers to a group ofhypersensitivity disorders characterized by symmetric red, patchy lesions, primarily on the arms and legs. The cause is unknown, but EM frequently occurs in association with herpes simplex virus, suggesting an immunologic process initiated by the virus. In half of the cases, the triggering agents appear to be medications, including anticonvulsants, sulfonamides, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and other antibiotics. In addition, some cases appear to be associated with infectious organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and many viral agents. Erythema multiforme is the mildest of three skin disorders that are often discussed in relation to each other. It is generally the mildest of the three. More severe is Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The most severe of the three is toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006546 biolink:NamedThing erythematosquamous dermatosis A skin condition that primarily affects the scalp and face and presents as scaly inflammation. Examples include itchy, dry skin and dandruff. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006548 biolink:NamedThing facial dermatosis Facial Dermatosis, also known as facial dermatoses, is related tolipogranulomatosis. An important gene associated with Facial Dermatosis isCCNE1(cyclin E1). The drugsbetamethasoneandbetamethasone acetatehave been mentioned in the context of this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006556 biolink:NamedThing hand dermatosis Skin conditions characterised by dense infiltration of inflammatory cells (neutrophils) in the affected tissue. They arise in reaction to some underlying systemic illness. A neutrophilic dermatosis may be seen in isolation or more than one type may occur in the same individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006569 biolink:NamedThing leg dermatosis A nonspecific term used to denote any cutaneous lesion or group of lesions, or eruptions of any type on the leg. (From Stedman, 25th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006570 biolink:NamedThing lichen disease A long-term skin condition that mainly affects the skin of the genitals. It usually causes itching and white patches to appear on the affected skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006582 biolink:NamedThing mongolian spot A benign, flat, congenital birthmark, with wavy borders and an irregular shape. The colour is caused by melanocytes, melanin-containing cells, that are usually located in the surface of the skin (the epidermis), but are in the deeper region (the dermis) in the location of the spot. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006603 biolink:NamedThing reactive cutaneous fibrous lesion A benign, epidermal skin lesion characterized by overexpression of collagen during wound healing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006604 biolink:NamedThing rosacea A chronic erythematous skin disorder that affects the face. It is characterized by the development of redness in the cheeks, nose, and/or forehead and telangiectasia. Sometimes, the erythematous changes may involve the eyelids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006605 biolink:NamedThing scalp dermatosis Dermotosis of scalp DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006610 biolink:NamedThing skin atrophy The degeneration and thinning of the epidermis and dermis. It is usually a manifestation of aging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006617 biolink:NamedThing vesiculobullous skin disease Skin diseases characterized by local or general distributions of blisters. They are classified according to the site and mode of blister formation. Lesions can appear spontaneously or be precipitated by infection, trauma, or sunlight. Etiologies include immunologic and genetic factors. (From Scientific American Medicine, 1990) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007313 biolink:NamedThing cheilitis glandularis Cheilitis glandularis (CG) is an uncommon chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin characterized by macrocheilia and secretions of thick saliva from swollen labial minor salivary glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007570 biolink:NamedThing erythema palmare hereditarium A rare, benign, congenital genetic skin disorder characterized by permanent and asymptomatic erythema of the palmar and, less frequently, the solar surfaces. In most cases, it presents with sharply demarcated redness of the thenar and hypothenar eminences, as well as the palmar aspect of the phalanges, with scattered telangiectasia spots that do not cause any discomfort (pain, itching or burning) to the patient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007990 biolink:NamedThing multiple benign circumferential skin creases on limbs DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008017 biolink:NamedThing hereditary mucoepithelial dysplasia A condition that affects the skin, hair, mucosa (areas ofthe body that are lined with mucus), gums (gingiva), eyes, nose and lungs. Symptoms typically begin in infancy and may include development of cataracts (clouding of the eye lens); blindness; hair loss (alopecia); abnormal changes to the perineum (the area between the anus and external genitalia); and small, skin-colored bumps (keratosis pilaris). Terminal lung disease has also been reported. The cause of HMD is thought to be an abnormality in desmosomes and gap junctions, which are structures involved in cell-to-cell contact. HMD typically follows autosomal dominant inheritance, but has occurred sporadically (in an individual who has no family history of the condition). Treatment typically focuses on individual symptoms of the condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008273 biolink:NamedThing actinic prurigo DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008492 biolink:NamedThing stiff skin syndrome A rare syndrome characterized by hard, thick skin, usually on the entire body. The thickening of the skin can limit joint mobility and causes joints to be stuck in a bent position (flexion contractures). The onset of signs and symptoms can range from presenting at birth through childhood. Other signs and symptoms may include excessive hair growth (hypertrichosis), loss of body fat (lipodystrophy), scoliosis, muscle weakness, slow growth, and short stature. Weakness or paralysis of the eye muscles have also been reported. Stiff skin syndrome is caused by mutations (changes) in the FBN1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Diagnosis is based on a clinical evaluation that is consistent with stiff skin syndrome, and the diagnosis can be confirmed with genetic testing. Treatment is based on the symptoms of each individual and may include physical therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009198 biolink:NamedThing congenital lethal erythroderma A rare skin disorder characterized by erythrodermic, peeling skin from birth with no obvious nail or hair-shaft abnormalities and other associated anomalies including diarrhea, failure to thrive and severe hypoalbuminaemia resistant to correction by enteral or intravenous supplementation. An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance is highly probable. The prognosis is poor and infants die in the first months of life. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010146 biolink:NamedThing Kerion celsi A rare inflammatory and suppurating type of tinea capitis, a skin infection caused by Trichophyton or Microsporum fungi, that predominantly affects the scalp and that is characterized by the development of painful crusty lesions covered with follicular pustules and surrounded by erythematous alopecic areas, that can later evolve into abscesses and leave permanent cicatricial alopecia. Lesions can be associated with regional lymphadenopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010523 biolink:NamedThing X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder is an extremely rare skin disease described in only four families to date and characterized in males by diffuse reticulate brown hyperpigmentated skin lesions developing in early childhood and a variety of systemic manifestations (recurrent pneumonia, corneal opacification, gastrointestinal inflammation, urethral stricture, failure to thrive, hypohidrosis, digital clubbing, and unruly hair and flared eyebrows), while in females, there is only cutaneous involvement with the development in early childhood of localized brown hyperpigmented skin lesions following the lines of Blaschko. This disease was first considered as a cutaneous amyloidosis, but amyloid deposits are an inconstant feature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010535 biolink:NamedThing Bazex-Dupre-Christol syndrome Bazex-Dupre-Christol syndrome is a rare genodermatosis (hereditary skin disease) with a predisposition to early-onset basal cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015294 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a rare systemic fibrosing condition observed in renally impaired patients and characterized by a hardening and thickening of the skin with fibrotic plaques or papules, pruritus, joint pain and stiffness, muscle weakness, limitation of range of motion, and yellowed eyes. It is generally associated with administration of gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (GBCA) in patients with kidney disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016379 biolink:NamedThing erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp is a rare chronic inflammation of the scalp usually occurring in elderly women (>70 years old) and characterized by the development of painful pustules, shallow erosions, and crusting on atrophic skin that eventually result in cicatricial alopecia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016448 biolink:NamedThing pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papillary dermal elastolysis Pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papillary dermal elastolysis (PXE-PDE) is a rare, acquired, idiopathic dermal tissue disorder characterized by numerous, asymptomatic, 2-3 mm, yellowish, non-follicular papules that tend to converge into cobblestone-like plaques which are distributed symmetrically over the posterior neck, supraclavicular region, axillae, and sometimes abdomen. Unlike PXE, these skin lesions show select elimination (absence or marked loss) of elastic fibers in the papillary dermis and there is no systemic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017396 biolink:NamedThing toxic dermatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017772 biolink:NamedThing oral erosive lichen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018025 biolink:NamedThing chronic actinic dermatitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018051 biolink:NamedThing Jessner lymphocytic infiltration of the skin Jessner lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (JLIS) is a chronic benign cutaneous disease characterized by asymptomatic non-scaly erythematous papules or plaques on the face and neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018302 biolink:NamedThing acquired kinky hair syndrome Acquired progressive kinking of the hair (APKH) is a rare hair disorder characterized by the appearance of lustreless, curly, frizzy, and coarse hair generally during adolescence predominantly in the frontal, temporal, and vertex regions of the scalp. Eyelashes, as well as growth and pigmentation of the hair, may also be affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018679 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous plasmacytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018680 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous pseudolymphoma A pseudolymphoma of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018900 biolink:NamedThing corticosteroid-sensitive aseptic abscess syndrome Corticosteroid-sensitive aseptic abscesses syndrome is a well-defined entity within the group of autoinflammatory disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019268 biolink:NamedThing epidermal disease A skin disease that involves the epidermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019547 biolink:NamedThing Wells syndrome Wells syndrome is characterised by the presence of recurrent cellulitis-like eruptions with eosinophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019945 biolink:NamedThing solar urticaria Solar urticaria (SU) is a rare and difficult to treat photosensitive disease, in which local skin swelling occurs within minutes of exposure to natural sunlight or even artificial light sources emitting ultraviolet radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021036 biolink:NamedThing keratosis pilaris A form of dry skin characterised by hair follicles plugged by scale. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021913 biolink:NamedThing aquagenic pruritus Aquagenic pruritus is a conditionin which contact with water of any temperature causes intense itching, without any visible skin changes. The symptoms may begin immediately after contact and can last for an hour or more. The cause of aquagenic pruritus is unknown; however, familial cases have been described. It may be a symptom of polycythemia vera or another underlying condition. Overall, treatment is a challenge. Antihistamines, UVB phototherapy, PUVA therapy and various medications have been tried with varying degrees of success. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022020 biolink:NamedThing Boudhina Yedes Khiari syndrome Familial syndrome combining short stature, microcephaly, mental deficiency, seizures, hearing loss, and skin lesions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022749 biolink:NamedThing non-neoplastic nevus A abnormal, congenital formation or mark on the skin or neighboring mucosa that does not show neoplastic growth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022907 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous sclerosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023388 biolink:NamedThing pityriasis rotunda Pityriasis rotunda is a rare skindisease characterized by round, scaly, pigmented patches that mainly occur on the trunk, arms and legs. There are two types of pityriasis rotunda. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023679 biolink:NamedThing hematohidrosis Hematohidrosis is a rare condition characterized by blood oozing from intact skin and mucosa. Signs and symptoms include sweating blood, crying bloody tears, bleeding from the nose, bleeding from the ears, or oozing bloodfrom other skin surfaces. The episodes are usually self-limiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026045 biolink:NamedThing prurigo nodularis Prurigonodularis (PN) is a skin disease in which hard crusty lumps are formed on the skin that itches intensely. Repetitive rubbing, scratching, and touching results in more lesions in the skin. The itching is so intense that people scratch themselves to the point of bleeding or pain. The lumps formed in the skin are hard, and have about a half inch across, with a dry and rough top that is often scratched open. They tend to be located in the areas most easily reached and are worse on the outer sides: arms, shoulders and legs. The trunk, face and even palms can also be affected. The exact cause is unknown but some factors triggering PN include liver and kidneys problems, nervous and mental conditions and other skin diseases. Prurigo nodulares, in some cases, can be seen in other diseases such as lymphoma, chronic autoimmune cholestatic hepatitis, HIV infection, severe anemia,or a chronic kidney disease-related itching known as uremic pruritus. Treatment is very difficult, and may include corticoids, antihistaminic and other medication such as thalidomide and similar (Lenalidomide). In some cases, cryotherapy, photochemotherapy and habit reversal therapy for the itch-scratch cycle has improved the symptoms. PN can last for many years, and the itching is so intense that may affect all the everyday activities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035879 biolink:NamedThing granuloma faciale DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043783 biolink:NamedThing sclerema neonatorum A diffuse hardening of skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue, associated with minimal inflammation without fat necrosis, that typically affects critically ill preterm neonates during the first week of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002408 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hyperbilirubinemia An inherited disorder affecting the metabolism of bilirubin. It results in increased levels of bilirubin in the blood. Representative examples of this condition include Gilbert syndrome and Crigler-Najjar syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017755 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of bilirubin metabolism An instance of bilirubin metabolism disease that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019008 biolink:NamedThing benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) is a hereditary liver disorder characterized by intermittent episodes of intrahepatic cholestasis, generally without progression to chronic liver damage. BRIC is now believed to belong to a clinical spectrum of intrahepatic cholestatic disorders that ranges from the mild intermittent attacks in BRIC to the severe, chronic and progressive cholestasis seen in progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024288 biolink:NamedThing hyperbilirubinemia A disease characterized by elevated level of the pigment bilirubin in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700040 biolink:NamedThing neonatal jaundice due to ABO incompatibility Jaundice that appears during the neonatal period due to high levels of unconjugated bilirubin that are a result of maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002410 biolink:NamedThing pyeloureteritis cystica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015454 biolink:NamedThing multiple carboxylase deficiency Multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD) is a term used to describe inborn errors of biotin metabolism characterized by reduced activities of biotin-dependent enzymes resulting in a wide spectrum of symptoms, including feeding difficulty, breathing difficulties, lethargy, seizures, skin rash, alopecia, and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017688 biolink:NamedThing disorder of glycolysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017689 biolink:NamedThing disorder of fructose metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017690 biolink:NamedThing disorder of galactose metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017706 biolink:NamedThing disorder of carbohydrate transmembrane transport and absorption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018605 biolink:NamedThing disorders of pentose/polyol metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019227 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of glycerol metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of glycerol metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800044 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of deglycosylation 1 A rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the NGLY1 gene. It is characterized by developmental delay, hypotonia, abnormal involuntary movements, poor tear production, microcephaly, intractable seizures, abnormal eye movements, and liver abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800152 biolink:NamedThing disorder of galactose and fructose metabolism An inherited disorder of carbohydrate metabolism that is has its basis in the disruption of galactose and/or fructose metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009290 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease II Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency (AMD) is an autosomal recessive trait leading to metabolic myopathy that affects cardiac and respiratory muscles in addition to skeletal muscle and other tissues. AMD represents a wide spectrum of clinical presentations caused by an accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes: Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, infantile onset, non-classic infantile onset and adult onset. Early onset forms are more severe and often fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009291 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease III Glycogen debranching enzyme (GDE) deficiency, or glycogen storage disease type 3 (GSD 3), is a form of glycogen storage disease characterized by severe muscle weakness and hepatopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009292 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to glycogen branching enzyme deficiency Glycogen branching enzyme (GBE) deficiency (Andersen's disease or amylopectinosis), or glycogen storage disease type 4 (GSD4), is a rare and severe form of glycogen storage disease which accounts for approximately 3% of all the glycogen storage diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009293 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease V Myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease), or glycogen storage disease type 5 (GSD5), is a severe form of glycogen storage disease characterized by exercise intolerance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009294 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease VI Liver phosphorylase deficiency, or glycogen storage disease type 6b (Hers' disease, GSD 6b) is a benign and rare form of glycogen storage disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009414 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disorder due to hepatic glycogen synthase deficiency Glycogen synthetase deficiency, or glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 0, is a genetically inherited anomaly of glycogen metabolism and a form of GSD characterized by fasting hypoglycemia. This is not a glycogenosis, strictly speaking, as the enzyme deficiency decreases glycogen reserves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009865 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the PGAM2 gene. It is characterized by non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia, exercise-induced cramping, myoglobinuria, and presence of tubular aggregates on muscle biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009867 biolink:NamedThing lethal congenital glycogen storage disease of heart Any glycogen storage disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKAG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009868 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease IXb Glycogen storage disease (GSD) due to liver and muscle phosphorylase kinase (PhK) deficiency is a benign inborn error of glycogen metabolism. It is the mildest form of GSD due to PhK deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010281 biolink:NamedThing Danon disease Glycogen storage disease due to LAMP-2 (Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2) deficiency is a lysosomal glycogen storage disease characterised by severe cardiomyopathy and variable degrees of muscle weakness, frequently associated with intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010362 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease IXd A benign form of phosphorylase kinase deficiency caused by variants in PHKA1, characterized by exercise intolerance, myalgia, muscle cramps, myoglobinuria, and progressive muscle weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012693 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to muscle and heart glycogen synthase deficiency A glycogen storage disease characterised by muscle and heart glycogen deficiency. It has been described in three siblings (two brothers and their younger sister). The older brother died at 10.5 years of age as a result of sudden cardiac arrest and the younger brother presented with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, abnormal heart rate and blood pressure during exercise, and muscle fatigability. The sister showed no symptoms but a lack of glycogen was identified through muscle biopsy. The syndrome is caused by homozygous missense mutations in the gene encoding muscle glycogen synthase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013046 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to muscle beta-enolase deficiency Muscle beta-enolase deficiency is a glycolysis disorder reported in one patient to date and characterized clinically by exercise intolerance and myalgia due to severe enolase deficiency in muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013291 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease XV Glycogen storage disease type 15 is an extremely rare genetic glycogen storage disease reported in one patient to date. Clinical signs included muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmia associated with accumulation of abnormal storage material in the heart and glycogen depletion in skeletal muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014389 biolink:NamedThing polyglucosan body myopathy 1 with or without immunodeficiency A rare, genetic, glycogen storage disorder characterized by polyglucosan accumulation in various tissues, manifesting with progressive proximal muscle weakness in the lower limbs and rapidly progressive, usually dilated, cardiomyopathy. Hepatic involvement and growth retardation may be associated. Early-onset immunodeficiency and autoinflammation, presenting with recurrent bacterial infections, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014526 biolink:NamedThing polyglucosan body myopathy type 2 Any polyglucosan body myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GYG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016527 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to lactate dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100439 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease IXa2 Any glycogen storage disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PHKA2 gene, with no PHK in liver, but normal activity in erythrocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006201 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma that affects the ethmoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004332 biolink:NamedThing lung hilum cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the lung hilus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006883 biolink:NamedThing malignant superior sulcus neoplasm A malignant neoplasm originating from the apical lung. Most malignant superior sulcus neoplasms are bronchogenic carcinomas. This tumor may be associated with Pancoast syndrome. It is also known as Pancoast tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023275 biolink:NamedThing Graham-Boyle-Troxell syndrome Cystic hamartoma of lung and kidney is a rare developmental malformation reported in 3 patients characterized by the presence of benign hamartomatous cysts in kidney and lung, clinically presenting as abdominal mass. Others associated features include hyperplastic nephromegaly, medullary dysplasia and mesoblastic nephroma. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006277 biolink:NamedThing lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis Lymphangiomyomatosis involving the lungs and local lymph nodes. Patients usually present with chylous pleural effusion. The clinical course is variable. Patients with resectable lesions usually have a favorable clinical outcome. Patients with diffuse lesions usually have a progressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014310 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sclerosing poikiloderma with tendon and pulmonary involvement Hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma-tendon contractures-myopathy-pulmonary fibrosis syndrome is a rare, genetic, hereditary poikiloderma syndrome characterized by early-onset poikiloderma (mainly on the face), hypotrichosis, hypohidrosis, muscle and tendon contractures with varus foot deformity, progressive proximal and distal muscle weakness in all extremities, and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Mild lymphedema of the extremities, growth retardation, liver impairment, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and hematologic abnormalities are additional variable features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016214 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis-hepatic hyperplasia-bone marrow hypoplasia syndrome Pulmonary fibrosis - hepatic hyperplasia - bone marrow hypoplasia, also named Btrimorphic syndromeB (i.e. three (inherited) morbidities, pulmonary, hepatic and cytopenia), is a rare disease reported in 4 cases to date, manifesting with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic nodular regenerative hyperplasia leading to portal hypertension and thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow hypoplasia. The condition was associated with 100% mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002432 biolink:NamedThing malignant neoplasm of acoustic nerve A malignant neoplasm involving the vestibulocochlear nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002434 biolink:NamedThing oculomotor nerve cancer A cancer involving a oculomotor nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003234 biolink:NamedThing optic nerve astrocytoma A astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma) that involves the cranial nerve II. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003275 biolink:NamedThing middle ear cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the middle ear DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003278 biolink:NamedThing inner ear cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the internal ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002437 biolink:NamedThing dehydration polycythemia Polycythemia resulting from dehydration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016541 biolink:NamedThing acquired secondary polycythemia An instance of secondary polycythemia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002440 biolink:NamedThing erythropoietin polycythemia Polycythemia that is caused by excess erythropoietin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005572 biolink:NamedThing polycythemia due to hypoxia Polycythemia resulting from hypoxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019538 biolink:NamedThing Gaisbock syndrome Polycythemia that is caused by stress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002441 biolink:NamedThing Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome An autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the KCNE1 and KCNQ1 genes. It is characterized by congenital hearing loss and arrhythmia. It is a form of long QT syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010958 biolink:NamedThing cardiac arrhythmia, ankyrin-B-related DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011377 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 3 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the SCN5A gene, encoding sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha. It is characterized by a prolonged QT interval that may result in torsade de pointes, ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden cardiac death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012736 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 9 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CAV3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012737 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 10 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN4B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012738 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 11 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AKAP9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013062 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 12 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SNTA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013279 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 13 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013367 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 2 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the KCNH2 gene, encoding potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2. It is characterized by a prolonged QT interval that may result in torsade de pointes, ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden cardiac death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013370 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 6 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNE2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013372 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 5 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014548 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 14 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CALM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014550 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 15 Any long QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CALM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032756 biolink:NamedThing long qt syndrome 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032915 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100316 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800323 biolink:NamedThing long QT syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002443 biolink:NamedThing bruxism Excessive clenching of the jaw and grinding of the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003406 biolink:NamedThing sleep-wake disorder Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated with the circadian rhythm which affect the length, timing, and/or rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004617 biolink:NamedThing recurrent hypersomnia Disorders characterized by hypersomnolence during normal waking hours that may impair cognitive functioning. Subtypes include primary hypersomnia disorders (e.g., idiopathic hypersomnolence; narcolepsy; and kleine-levin syndrome) and secondary hypersomnia disorders where excessive somnolence can be attributed to a known cause (e.g., drug affect, mental disorders, and sleep apnea syndrome). (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan 8;153(2):192-202; Thorpy, Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 2nd ed, p320) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005466 biolink:NamedThing hypersomnia A sleep disorder characterized by excessive sleepiness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005905 biolink:NamedThing periodic limb movement disorder Excessive periodic leg movements during sleep that cause micro-arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. This condition induces a state of relative sleep deprivation which manifests as excessive daytime hypersomnolence. The movements are characterized by repetitive contractions of the tibialis anterior muscle, extension of the toe, and intermittent flexion of the hip, knee and ankle. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p387) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005937 biolink:NamedThing REM sleep behavior disorder A disorder characterized by episodes of vigorous and often violent motor activity during rem sleep (sleep, rem). The affected individual may inflict self injury or harm others, and is difficult to awaken from this condition. Episodes are usually followed by a vivid recollection of a dream that is consistent with the aggressive behavior. This condition primarily affects adult males. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p393) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011397 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, deafness and narcolepsy Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, deafness and narcolepsy (ADCA-DN) is a polymorphic disorder and a subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 1 (ADCA type 1) characterized by ataxia, sensorineural deafness and narcolepsy with cataplexy and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024361 biolink:NamedThing circadian rhythm sleep disorder A persistent or recurrent pattern of sleep disruption that is primarily due to an alteration of the circadian system or to a misalignment between the endogenous circadian rhythm and the sleep-wake schedule required by an individual's physical environment or social or professional schedule.(DSM IV) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024376 biolink:NamedThing sleep disorder, initiating and maintaining sleep DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005131 biolink:NamedThing cervical carcinoma A carcinoma arising from either the exocervical squamous epithelium or the endocervical glandular epithelium. The major histologic types of cervical carcinoma are: squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021532 biolink:NamedThing fibroma of prostate A fibroma that involves the prostate gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002455 biolink:NamedThing exocervical carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the squamous epithelium of the exocervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006132 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenoid basal carcinoma A rare low grade carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of nests of basaloid cells with focal glandular formations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006138 biolink:NamedThing cervical large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma A rare, aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with abundant cytoplasm, large nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006142 biolink:NamedThing cervical small cell carcinoma A small cell carcinoma arising from the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016285 biolink:NamedThing papillary carcinoma of the cervix uteri A papillary carcinoma that involves the uterine cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042487 biolink:NamedThing uterine cervix carcinoma in situ Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.) - 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015161 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome without intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007059 biolink:NamedThing acrorenal syndrome Acrorenal syndrome comprises a wide spectrum of congenital malformative disorders characterized by the co-occurrence of distal limb anomalies (usually bilateral cleft feet and/or hands) and renal defects (e.g. unilateral or bilateral agenesis), that can be associated with a variety of other anomalies such as those of genitourinary tract (genital anomalies, ureteral hypoplasias, vesicoureteral reflux), abdominal well defects, intestinal atresias, and lung malformations. Familial cases have been reported in which an autosomal recessive inheritance was suspected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007198 biolink:NamedThing Ascher syndrome Ascher syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by a combination of blepharochalasis, double lip, and non-toxic thyroid enlargement (seen in 10-50% of cases), although the occurrence of all three signs at presentation is uncommon. Hypertrophy of the mucosal zone of the lip with persistence of the horizontal sulcus between cutaneous and mucosal zones gives an appearance of double lip, with the upper lip being frequently involved. Blepharochalasis, or episodic edema of eyelid, appears around puberty, is present in 80% of cases, is usually bilateral, and can rarely lead to vision impairment and other ocular complications. Most cases are sporadic, but familial cases (with a possible autosomal dominant inheritance) have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007252 biolink:NamedThing Gordon syndrome An extremely rare multiple congenital malformation syndrome characterized by congenital contractures of hand and feet with variable degrees of severity of camptodactyly, clubfoot and, less frequently, cleft palate. Intelligence is normal but in some cases, additional abnormalities, such as short stature, kyphoscoliosis, ptosis, micrognathia, and cryptorchidism may also be present. Gordon syndrome, Marden-Walker syndrome and arthrogryposis with oculomotor limitation and electroretinal anomalies clinically and genetically overlap, and could represent variable expressions of the same condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007337 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate-lateral synechia syndrome Cleft palate-lateral synechia syndrome (CPLS) is a congenital malformation syndrome characterized by the association of cleft palate and intra-oral lateral synechiae connecting the free borders of the palate and the floor of the mouth. CPLS is presumed to be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007395 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome Craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome (CDHS) is an autosomal dominant disorder, described in one family to date, characterized by characteristic facial features (flat facial profile with normal calvarium, hypertelorism, small downslanting palpebral fissures, hypoplastic nose with button tip and slitlike nares, small ''pursed'' mouth), profound sensorineural deafness, and ulnar deviations and contractures of the hand. CDHS is thought to be an allelic variant of Waardenburg syndrome that can be distinguished from the latter by its imaging findings and distinct facial features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007409 biolink:NamedThing cryptomicrotia-brachydactyly-excess fingertip arch syndrome Cryptomicrotia - brachydactyly - excess fingertip arch syndrome describes a combination of malformations that include bilateral cryptomicrotia, brachytelomesophalangy with short middle and distal phalanges of digits 2 through 5, hypoplastic toenails and excess fingertip arch patterns, and has been reported in one family (mother and son). Cryptomicrotia - brachydactyly - excess fingertip arch syndrome is thought to follow an autosomal dominant transmission. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007428 biolink:NamedThing deafness-craniofacial syndrome Deafness-craniofacial syndrome is characterised by the association of congenital hearing loss and facial dysmorphism (facial asymmetry, a broad nasal root and small nasal alae). It has been described in two members (father and daughter) of one Jewish family. Temporal alopecia was also noted. Transmission appeared to be autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007461 biolink:NamedThing short stature-valvular heart disease-characteristic facies syndrome Short stature-valvular heart disease-characteristic facies syndrome is characterised by severe short stature with disproportionately short legs, small hands, clinodactyly, valvular heart disease and dysmorphism (ptosis, high-arched palate, abnormal dentition). It has been described in a mother and two daughters. This syndrome is probably transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007604 biolink:NamedThing femoral-facial syndrome Femoral-facial syndrome is characterized by predominant femoral hypoplasia (bilateral or unilateral) and unusual facies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007680 biolink:NamedThing multinodular goiter-cystic kidney-polydactyly syndrome Multinodular goiter - cystic kidney - polydactyly syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by the association of multinodular goiter, cystic renal disease and digital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007795 biolink:NamedThing mullerian duct anomalies-limb anomalies syndrome Mullerian duct anomalies-limb anomalies syndrome is characterised by the association of mullerian duct and distal limb anomalies. It has been described in five individuals from one family. Females presented with anomalies ranging from a vaginal septum to complete duplication of uterus and vagina, and males presented with micropenis. The limb anomalies varied from postaxial polydactyly to severe upper limb hypoplasia with split hand. The mode of transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007904 biolink:NamedThing median nodule of the upper lip Median nodule of the upper lip is a minor trait of the lip transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007943 biolink:NamedThing Nager acrofacial dysostosis Nager syndrome, also called Nager acrofacial dysostosis (NAFD) is a congenital malformation syndrome characterized by mandibulofacial dystosis (malar hypoplasia, micrognathia, external ear malformations) and variable preaxial limb defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007953 biolink:NamedThing Binder syndrome A rare developmental anomaly, affecting primarily the anterior part of the maxilla and nasal complex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008113 biolink:NamedThing Schilbach-Rott syndrome Schilbach-Rott syndrome (SRS) is an autosomal dominant dysmorphic disorder that is characterized by dysmorphic facies with hypotelorism, blepharophimosis, and cleft palate, and the frequent occurrence of hypospadias in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008182 biolink:NamedThing nasopalpebral lipoma-coloboma syndrome Nasopalpebral lipoma-coloboma-telecanthus syndrome is characterized by nasopalpebral lipomas, bilateral lid coloboma, and telecanthus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008312 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant prognathism Malocclusion in which the mandible is anterior to the maxilla as reflected by the first relationship of the first permanent molar (mesioclusion). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008335 biolink:NamedThing short stature-craniofacial anomalies-genital hypoplasia syndrome Short stature-craniofacial anomalies-genital hypoplasia syndrome is characterized by the association of short stature, craniofacial anomalies and genital hypoplasia. Intellectual deficit is also found in the majority of cases, sometimes together with pterygia. Less than 20 cases have been described so far. The mode of transmission is likely to be autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. The syndrome is caused by unbalanced reciprocal translocations of the distal parts of chromosomes 6q and 9p, leading to partial trisomy of the distal region of chromosome 6q and partial monosomy of the distal region of chromosome 9p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008404 biolink:NamedThing scalp-ear-nipple syndrome Scalp-ear-nipple syndrome is characterised by the following triad: areas of hairless raw skin over the scalp (present at birth and healing during childhood), prominent, hypoplastic ears with almost absent pinnae, and bilateral amastia. Thirty cases have been described so far. Renal and urinary tract abnormalities, as well as cataract, have also been observed. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008421 biolink:NamedThing flat face-microstomia-ear anomaly syndrome Flat face-microstomia-ear anomaly syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by dysmorphic facial features, including high forehead, elongated and flattened midface, arched and sparse eyebrows, short palpebral fissures, telecanthus, long nose with hypoplastic nostrils, long philtrum, high and narrow palate and microstomia with downturned corners. Ears are characteristically malformed, large, low-set and posteriorly rotated and nasal speech is associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008467 biolink:NamedThing Czeizel-Losonci syndrome Czeizel-Losonci syndrome (CLS) is an exceedingly rare, severe, congenital genetic malformation disorder characterized by split hand/split foot, hydronephrosis, and spina bifida. Spinal and skeletal manifestations were thoracolumbar scoliosis, spinabifida (spina bifida occulta or spina bifida cystic), Bochdalek diaphragmatic hernia, and radial defects.There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008490 biolink:NamedThing otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia, autosomal dominant A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism (midface hypoplasia, depressed nasal bridge, small nose with upturned tip, cleft palate, Pierre Robin sequence), bilateral, pronounced sensorineural hearing loss, and skeletal/joint anomalies (including spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, arthralgia/arthropathy), in the absence of ocular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008642 biolink:NamedThing VACTERL/vater association VACTERL/VATER is an association of congenital malformations typically characterized by the presence of at least three of the following: vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008645 biolink:NamedThing ventricular extrasystoles with syncopal episodes-perodactyly-robin sequence syndrome This syndrome is characterized by cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular extrasystoles manifesting as bigeminy or multifocal tachycardia with syncopal episodes), perodactyly (hypoplasia and/or agenesis of the distal phalanges of the toes) and Pierre-Robin sequence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008673 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis, Weyers type Acrofacialdysostosis, Weyers type (WAD) is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome with bone abnormalities characterized by onychodystrophy; anomalies of the lower jaw, oral vestibule and dentition; post-axialpolydactyly; moderately restricted growth with short limbs; and normal intelligence. Although it closely resembles Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, an allelic disorder and another type of ciliopathy, WAD is usually a milder disease without the presence of heart abnormalities and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008706 biolink:NamedThing Ackerman syndrome Ackerman syndrome is characterized by pyramidal molar roots and taurodontism, associated with variable anomalies. It has been described in two generations of one family. Both parents and their six sibs had pyramidal, taurodont or fused molar roots. Some of the patients also had hypotrichosis, an abnormal upper lip, thickened and wide philtrum, and/or juvenile glaucoma. Other features included entropion of the eyelid, syndactyly and clinodactyly of the fifth fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008707 biolink:NamedThing acro-renal-mandibular syndrome Acro-renal-mandibular syndrome is a very rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by limb deficiencies and renal anomalies that include split hand-split foot malformation, renal agenesis, polycystic kidneys, uterine anomalies and severe mandibular hypoplasia. An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008712 biolink:NamedThing acrocraniofacial dysostosis Acrocraniofacial dysostosis is a very rare form of acrofacial dyosotosis, reported in two sisters to date, characterized by short stature, acrocephaly, ocular hypertelorism, ptosis of eyelids, ocular proptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, high nasal bridge, anteverted nostrils, short philtrum, cleft palate, micrognathia, abnormal external ears, preauricular pits, mixed hearing loss, bulbous digits, metatarsus varus, pectus excavatum and various radiological abnormalities. Features of this syndrome were reported to overlap with otopalatodigital syndrome types 1 and 2. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008741 biolink:NamedThing PAGOD syndrome PAGOD syndrome is a severe developmental syndrome characterized by multiple congenital anomalies including cardiovascular defects, pulmonary hypoplasia, diaphragmatic defects and genital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008744 biolink:NamedThing alar cartilages hypoplasia-coloboma-telecanthus syndrome Alar cartilages hypoplasia- coloboma- telecanthus is a very rare dysmorphic disorder characterized by hypoplasia and coloboma of the alar cartilages and telecanthus described in 2 sisters. No new cases with similar features have been reported since 1976. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008750 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-albinism-digital anomalies syndrome Microcephaly - albinism - digital anomalies syndrome is a very rare syndrome associating microcephaly, micrognathia, oculocutaneous albinism, hypoplasia of the distal phalanx of fingers and agenesia of the distal end of the right big toe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008850 biolink:NamedThing Cooper-Jabs syndrome Cooper-Wang-Jabs syndrome is a multiple malformation syndrome characterized by atresia of the auditory canal together with ventricular septal defect, anteriorly displaced anus, mild clubfoot, and intellectual deficit. It has been described only once, in two sisters. The mode of inheritance is most likely autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008857 biolink:NamedThing Beemer-Ertbruggen syndrome Beemer-Ertbruggen syndrome is a lethal malformation syndrome reported in 2 brothers of first-cousin parents that is characterized by hydrocephalus, cardiac malformation, dense bones, and unusual facies with down-slanting palpebral fissures, bulbous nose, broad nasal bridge, micrognathia and a long upper lip. Transmission is likely autosomal recessive. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008875 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-ptosis-esotropia-syndactyly-short stature syndrome Blepharophimosis-ptosis-esotropia-syndactyly-short stature syndrome is characterised by the association of blepharophimosis and ptosis, V-esotropia, and weakness of extraocular and frontal muscles with syndactyly of the toes, short stature, prognathism, and hypertrophy and fusion of the eyebrows. It has been described in six members of three related families. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008898 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 1 Camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 1 is a rare syndrome consisting of growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, camptodactyly and skeletal anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008991 biolink:NamedThing Verloove Vanhorick-Brubakk syndrome Verloove Vanhorick-Brubakk syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by multiple skeletal malformations (short femora and humeri, bilateral absence of metatarsal and metacarpal bone in hands and feet, bilateral partial syndactyly of fingers and toes or oligopolysyndactyly, deformed lumbosacral spine), congenital heart disease (truncus arteriosus), lung and urogenital malformations (bilateral bilobar lungs, horseshoe kidney, cryptorchidism), and facial malformations (bilateral cleft lip and palate, micrognathia, small, low-set ears without external meatus). It is lethal in the neonatal period. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1981. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008992 biolink:NamedThing Juberg-Hayward syndrome Juberg-Hayward syndrome is a polymalformative syndrome that associates multiple skeletal anomalies with microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, urogenital anomalies and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009008 biolink:NamedThing heart defect - tongue hamartoma - polysyndactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009121 biolink:NamedThing von Voss-Cherstvoy syndrome Von Voss-Cherstvoy syndrome is a very rare disorder with phocomelia of upper limbs, encephalocele, variable brain anomalies, urogenital abnormalities, and thrombocytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009233 biolink:NamedThing Fibulo-ulnar hypoplasia-renal anomalies syndrome Fibulo-ulnar hypoplasia-renal anomalies syndrome is characterized by fibuloulnar dysostosis with renal anomalies. It has been described in two sibs born to nonconsanguinous parents. The syndrome is lethal at birth (respiratory failure). Clinical manifestations include ear and facial anomalies (including micrognathia), symmetrical shortness of long bones, fibular agenesis and hypoplastic ulna, oligosyndactyly, congenital heart defects, and cystic or hypoplastic kidney. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009270 biolink:NamedThing genito-palato-cardiac syndrome Genitopalatocardiac syndrome is a rare, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by male, 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, cleft palate, micrognathia, conotruncal heart defects and unspecific skeletal, brain and kidney anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009342 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease-hearing loss-polydactyly syndrome An extremely rare malformative association, described in only two siblings to date, and characterized by Hirschsprung disease (defined by the presence of an aganglionic segment of variable extent in the terminal part of the colon that leads to the symptoms of intestinal obstruction including constipation and abdominal distension), polydactyly of hands and/or feet, unilateral renal agenesis, hypertelorism and congenital deafness. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009363 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephaly-tall stature-joint laxity syndrome Hydrocephaly-tall stature-joint laxity syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome described in two sisters and characterized by the presence of hydrocephalus (onset in infancy), tall stature, joint laxity, and thoracolumbar kyphosis. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009367 biolink:NamedThing McKusick-Kaufman syndrome McKusick-Kaufman syndrome is a very rare, genetic developmental disorder presenting in the neonatal period characterized by genitourinary malformations, polydactyly, and more rarely, congenital heart disease or gastrointestinal malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009402 biolink:NamedThing acrofrontofacionasal dysostosis 2 A very rare syndrome associating an acro-fronto-facio-nasal dysostosis with genitourinary anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009533 biolink:NamedThing Dahlberg-Borer-Newcomer syndrome Dahlberg-Borer-Newcomer syndrome is a very rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, described in 2 adult brothers, characterized by the association of hypoparathyroidism, nephropathy, congenital lymphedema, mitral valve prolapse and brachytelephalangy. Additional features include mild facial dysmorphism, hyperthricoses, and nail abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009547 biolink:NamedThing macrosomia-microphthalmia-cleft palate syndrome Macrosomia-microphthalmia-cleft palate syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by early macrosomia, bilateral severe microphthalmia and a protuberant abdomen with hepatomegaly. Additional reported features include brachycephaly, large fontanelles, prominent forehead, upturned nose and median cleft palate. Cyanotic apneic spells and overwhelming infection lead to death within the first 6 months of life. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009589 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dwarfism-cleft palate-camptodactyly syndrome Mesomelic dwarfism-cleft palate-camptodactyly syndrome is characterised by mesomelic shortening and bowing of the limbs, camptodactyly, skin dimpling and cleft palate with retrognathia and mandibular hypoplasia. It has been described in a brother and sister born to consanguineous parents. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009670 biolink:NamedThing lethal congenital contracture syndrome 1 Lethal congenital contracture syndrome type 1 is a rare, genetic arthrogryposis syndrome characterized by total fetal akinesia (detectable since the 13th week of gestation) accompanied by hydrops, micrognathia, pulmonary hypoplasia, pterygia and multiple joint contractures (usually flexion contractures in the elbows and extension in the knees), leading invariably to death before the 32nd week of gestation. Lack of anterior horn motoneurons, severe atrophy of the ventral spinal cord and severe skeletal muscle hypoplasia are characteristic neuropathological findings, with no evidence of other organ structural anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009716 biolink:NamedThing Richieri Costa-da Silva syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009720 biolink:NamedThing Keipert syndrome A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, broad and high nasal bridge, depressed nasal ridge, short columella, underdeveloped maxilla, and prominent cupid-bow upper lip vermillion), mild to severe congenital sensorineural hearing loss, and skeletal abnormalities consisting of brachytelephalangy and broad thumbs and halluces with large, rounded epiphyses. Additional manifestations that have been reported include pulmonary valve stenosis, voice hoarseness and renal agenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009731 biolink:NamedThing nephrosis-deafness-urinary tract-digital malformations syndrome Nephrosis-deafness-urinary tract-digital malformations syndrome is characterised by anomalies of the urinary tract, thumbs and big toes, deafness and nephrosis. It has been described in five brothers. The mode of transmission has not been clearly established but seems to be either autosomal recessive or X-linked dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009859 biolink:NamedThing PHAVER syndrome Phaver syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by the association of limb Pterygia, Heart anomalies, Autosomal recessive inheritance, Vertebral defects, Ear anomalies and Radial defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009900 biolink:NamedThing polysyndactyly-cardiac malformation syndrome Polysyndactyly-cardiac malformation syndrome is characterized by polysyndactyly, hexadactyly (duplication of the first toe) and complex cardiac malformation (including atrial and ventricular septal defect, single ventricle, aortic dextroposition, or dilation of the right heart). It has been described in six patients from three unrelated families. Other manifestations were present in some patients (i.e. facial dysmorphism, hepatic cysts). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009969 biolink:NamedThing renal-genital-middle ear anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009998 biolink:NamedThing Richieri Costa-Pereira syndrome Richieri Costa-Pereira syndrome is characterized by short stature, Robin sequence, cleft mandible, pre/postaxial hand anomalies (including hypoplastic thumbs), and clubfoot. It has been described in 14 Brazilian families and in one unrelated French patient. Prominent low set ears and a highly arched palate were also observed. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010129 biolink:NamedThing thymic-renal-anal-lung dysplasia This syndrome is characterised by intrauterine growth retardation, renal dysgenesis and a unilobed or absent thymus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010154 biolink:NamedThing trigonocephaly-bifid nose-acral anomalies syndrome Trigonocephaly-bifid nose-acral anomalies syndrome is characterized by trigonocephaly, brachycephaly, bulbous nose (bifid at the tip), micrognathia, macrostomia, hypotonia and relatively broad metatarsals and phalanges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010408 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly-telecanthus-anogenital and renal malformations syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of toe syndactyly, facial dysmorphism including telecanthus (abnormal distance between the eyes) and a broad nasal tip, urogenital malformations and anal atresia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010554 biolink:NamedThing Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome Abruzzo-Erikson syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by a cleft palate, ocular coloboma, hypospadias, mixed conductive-sensorineural hearing loss, short stature, and radio-ulnar synostosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010742 biolink:NamedThing pentalogy of Cantrell Pentalogy of Cantrell (POC) is a lethal multiple congenital anomalies syndrome, characterized by the presence of 5 major malformations: midline supraumbilical abdominal wall defect, lower sternal defect, diaphragmatic pericardial defect, anterior diaphragmatic defect and various intracardiac malformations. Ectopia cordis (EC) is often found in fetuses with POC. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010855 biolink:NamedThing short tarsus-absence of lower eyelashes syndrome Short tarsus - absence of lower eyelashes is a very rare syndrome characterized by the association of thin and short upper and lower tarsus and absence of the lower eyelashes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010867 biolink:NamedThing PARC syndrome PARC syndrome is a rare genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by the association of congenital poikiloderma (P), generalized alopecia (A), retrognathism (R) and cleft palate (C). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1990. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010883 biolink:NamedThing pectus excavatum-macrocephaly-dysplastic nails syndrome Pectus excavatum-macrocephaly-dysplastic nails syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by relative macrocephaly, pectus excavatum, short stature, nail dysplasia, and motor developmental delay (that resolves during childhood). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010925 biolink:NamedThing velo-facial-skeletal syndrome Velo-facial-skeletal syndrome is a very rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by short stature, facial dysmorphism (elongated face, hypertelorism, broad and high nasal bridge, mild epicanthus, posteriorly angulated ears, narrow and high-arched palate), skeletal anomalies (mesomelic brachymelia, short broad hands, prominent finger pads, short stubby thumbs, hyperextensibility of small joints, small feet), hypernasality and normal intelligence. Delayed bone age has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011007 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic defect-limb deficiency-skull defect syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of classical diaphragmatic hernia (Bochdalek type) with severe lung hypoplasia, and variable associated malformations. It has been reported only once in four successive foetuses (two females and two males) born to a nonconsanguineous couple. The spectrum of malformations is wide and includes, besides diaphragmatic hernia and hypoplastic lungs (present in the four foetuses), omphalocele (one case), severe limb hypoplasia (two cases), syndactyly of the toes (two cases), extra spleen (one case), and an ossification defect of the skull (one case). Inheritance seems either to be autosomal recessive or due to a gonadal mosaicism in one parent. Prenatal diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia and severe lung hypoplasia detected on ultrasonography made the parents opt for termination of the four pregnancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011008 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip/palate-intestinal malrotation-cardiopathy syndrome Cleft lip/palate - intestinal malrotation - cardiopathy is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome described in 5 patients to date, characterized by flat face, hypertelorism, flat occiput, upward slanting palpebral fissures, cleft palate, micrognathia, short neck, and severe congenital heart defects which were lethal in 3 of the 5 patients reported. Malrotation of the intestine, bilateral clinodactyly, bilobed tongue, short fourth metatarsals and bifid thumbs were reported in individual cases. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011010 biolink:NamedThing Matthew-Wood syndrome Matthew-Wood syndrome is a rare clinical entity including as main characteristics anophthalmia or severe microphthalmia, and pulmonary hypoplasia or aplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011081 biolink:NamedThing dislocation of the hip-dysmorphism syndrome Dislocation of the hip-dysmorphism syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by bilateral congenital dislocation of the hip, characteristic facial features (flat mid-face, hypertelorism, epicanthus, puffiness around the eyes, broad nasal bridge, carp-shaped mouth), and joint hyperextensibility. Congenital heart defects, congenital dislocation of the knee, congenital inguinal hernia, and vesicoureteric reflux have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1995. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011243 biolink:NamedThing grange syndrome Grange syndrome is characterised by stenosis or occlusion of multiple arteries (including the renal, cerebral and abdominal vessels), hypertension, brachysyndactyly, syndactyly, increased bone fragility, and learning difficulties or borderline intellectual deficit. Congenital heart defects were also reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011795 biolink:NamedThing anonychia-microcephaly syndrome Anonychia-microcephaly syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by anonychia congenita totalis and microcephaly, and normal intelligence along with some minor anomalies including single transverse palmar creases, fifth-finger clinodactyly and widely-spaced teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011868 biolink:NamedThing lethal congenital contracture syndrome 2 Lethal congenital contracture syndrome type 2 is a rare arthrogryposis syndrome characterized by multiple congenital contactures (typically extended elbows and flexed knees), micrognathia, anterior horn cell degeneration, skeletal muscle atrophy (mainly in the lower limbs), presence of a markedly distended urinary bladder and absence of hydrops, pterygia and bone fractures. Other craniofacial (e.g. cleft palate, facial palsy) and ocular (e.g. anisocoria, retinal detachment) anomalies may be additionally observed. The disease is usually neonatally lethal however, survival into adolescence has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011911 biolink:NamedThing craniolenticulosutural dysplasia Craniolenticulosutural dysplasia (CLSD), also known as Boyadjiev-Jabs syndrome, is characterized by the specific association of large and late-closing fontanels, hypertelorism, early-onset cataract and mild generalized skeletal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011977 biolink:NamedThing 8q22.1 microdeletion syndrome The 8q22.1 microdeletion syndrome or Nablus mask-like facial syndrome is a rare microdeletion syndrome associated with a distinct facial appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012032 biolink:NamedThing Braddock syndrome Braddock syndrome is a rare malformation syndrome with multiple congenital abnormalities, described in 2 siblings, that is characterized by VACTERL -like association in combination with pulmonary hypertension, laryngeal webs, blue sclerae, abnormal ears, persistent growth deficiency and normal intellect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012165 biolink:NamedThing BNAR syndrome BNAR syndrome is a very rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by a bifid nose (with bulbous nasal tip but not associated with hypertelorism) with or without the presence of anal defects (i.e. anteriorly placed anus, rectal stenosis or atresia) and renal dysplasia (unilateral or bilateral renal agenesis) and without intellectual disability. BNAR syndrome is phenotypically related to Fraser syndrome and oculotrichoanal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012324 biolink:NamedThing Frias syndrome A rare partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 14 characterized by ocular anomalies (anopthalmia/microphthalmia, ptosis, hypertelorism, exophthalmos), pituitary anomalies (pituitary hypoplasia/aplasia with growth hormone deficiency and growth retardation) and hand/foot anomalies (polydactyly, short digits, pes cavus). Other clinical features may include muscular hypotonia, psychomotor development delay/intellectual disability, dysmorphic signs (facial asymmetry, microretrognathia, high-arched palate, ear anomalies), congenital genitourinary malformations, hearing impairment. Smaller 14q22 deletions may have variable expression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012656 biolink:NamedThing lethal congenital contracture syndrome 3 Lethal congenital contracture syndrome type 3 is a rare arthrogryposis syndrome characterized by clinical features identical to Lethal congenital contracture syndrome type 2 (i.e. multiple congenital contactures (typically extended elbows and flexed knees), micrognathia, anterior horn cells degeneration, skeletal muscle atrophy (mainly in the lower limbs), in the absence of hydrops, pterygia or bone fractures), but without bladder enlargement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012853 biolink:NamedThing Fontaine progeroid syndrome A rare premature aging syndrome characterized by pre-and postnatal growth retardation, a congenital premature-aged appearance with distinctive craniofacial dysmorphism (wide calvaria with large open anterior fontanel and wide metopic suture, broad forehead, small face, micrognathia), markedly diminished subcutaneous fat, cutis laxa and wrinkled skin, without delay in psychomotor development. Scant, brittle hair, hypoplastic nails and delayed, abnormal dentition, as well as hypoplastic distal phalanges, umbilical hernia and eye abnormalities (myopia/hyperopia, strabismus), are also commonly associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013252 biolink:NamedThing Warsaw breakage syndrome A syndrome mainly characterized by severe growth retardation and microcephaly. It is a new form of cohesinopathy showing defects in sister chromatid cohesion and hypersensitivity to chemicals that induce replication stress, thus combining distinct cytogenetic features seen in Roberts syndrome and Fanconi anemia, respectively. It has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the DDX11 gene on chromosome 12p11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014801 biolink:NamedThing even-plus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015240 biolink:NamedThing digitotalar dysmorphism Digitotalar dysmorphism, also known as distal arthrogryposis type 1 (DA1), is an autosomal dominant congenital anomaly characterized by contractures of the distal regions of the hands and feet with no facial involvement or any additional anomalies. It is the most common type of distal arthrogryposis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015284 biolink:NamedThing heart-hand syndrome type 2 Heart-hand syndrome type 2 is an extremely rare heart-hand syndrome described in two families to date, that is characterized by upper limb malformations (brachytelephalangy type D, hypoplastic deltoids, mild shortening of the fourth and fifth metacarpals in some individuals, skeletal anomalies in the humerus, radius, ulnae, and thenar bones) and cardiac arrhythmias (junctional rhythms and atrial fibrillation). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015326 biolink:NamedThing night blindness-skeletal anomalies-dysmorphism syndrome This syndrome is characterized by night blindness, skeletal abnormalities (sloping shoulders, joint hyperextensibility, minor radiological anomalies) and characteristic facies (periorbital anomalies, malar flatness, retrognathia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015367 biolink:NamedThing Charlie M syndrome Charlie M syndrome is a rare bone developmental disorder which belongs to a group of oromandibular limb hypogenesis syndromes that includes hypoglossia-hypodactyly and glossopalatine ankylosis. The major anomalies which occur commonly in this group are hypoplasia of the mandible, syndactyly and ectrodactyly, small mouth, cleft palate, hypodontia, and facial paralysis. Patients with Charlie M syndrome also present with hypertelorism, absent or conically crowned incisors, and variable degrees of hypodactyly of the hands and feet. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1976. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016031 biolink:NamedThing facial dysmorphism-anorexia-cachexia-eye and skin anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016219 biolink:NamedThing dysmorphism-pectus carinatum-joint laxity syndrome Dysmorphism-pectus carinatum-joint laxity syndrome is characterised by joint laxity, pectus carinatum and facial dysmorphism (mild frontal bossing, a beaked nose with a low nasal bridge, malar hypoplasia, chubby cheeks, a striking philtrum and arched upper lips). It has been described in two siblings. The mode of transmission is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016294 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease-type D brachydactyly syndrome Hirschsprung disease-type D brachydactyly syndrome is characterized by Hirschsprung disease and absence or hypoplasia of the nails and distal phalanges of the thumbs and great toes (type D brachydactyly). It has been described in four males from one family (two brothers and two maternal uncles). Transmission appears to be X-linked recessive but autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance in females can not be ruled out. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017788 biolink:NamedThing contractures - webbed neck - micrognathia - hypoplastic nipples syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019178 biolink:NamedThing auricular abnormalities-cleft lip with or without cleft palate-ocular abnormalities syndrome The association of auricular abnormalities and cleft lip with or without cleft palate has been described in two siblings. One sibling had postauricular pits, profound myopia, nystagmus and retinal pigment abnormalities. The second sibling was a fetus (gestational age: 23 weeks) with severe cleft lip, cleft palate and external ear abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019387 biolink:NamedThing macrostomia-preauricular tags-external ophthalmoplegia syndrome Macrostomia-preauricular tags-external ophthalmoplegia syndrome combines macrostomia or abnormal mouth contour, preauricular tags, uni- or bilateral ptosis and external ophthalmoplegia. It was described in nine members of a Brazilian family. It is a new phenotype belonging to the so-called oculoauriculovertebral spectrum, resulting from a branchial arch anomaly. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019388 biolink:NamedThing pelvis syndrome PELVIS is an acronym defining the association of Perineal hemangioma, External genitalia malformations, Lipomyelomeningocele, Vesicorenal abnormalities, Imperforate anus, and Skin tag. Eleven cases have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020470 biolink:NamedThing 49,XYYYY syndrome 49,XYYYY is a rare Y chromosome number anomaly with a variable phenotype mainly characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, speech delay, hypotonia, and mild dysmorphic features, including facial asymmetry, hypertelorism, bilateral low set 'lop' ears, and micrognatia. Skeletal abnormalities (such as skull deformities, radioulnar synostosis, elbow flexion, clinodactyly, brachydactyly) and behavourial problems have also been associated with this condition. Genitalia are normal at birth, although hypogonadism and azoospermia has been reported in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007073 biolink:NamedThing hypoglossia-hypodactyly syndrome Hanhart syndrome is a rare condition that primarily affects the craniofacial region and the limbs (arms and legs). People affected by this condition are often born with a short, incompletely developed tongue; absent or partially missing fingers and/or toes; abnormalities of the arms and/or legs; and an extremely small jaw. The severity of these physical abnormalities varies greatly among affected people, and children with this condition often have some, but not all, of the symptoms. The cause of Hanhart syndrome is not fully understood. Treatment depends on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008465 biolink:NamedThing Patterson-Stevenson-Fontaine syndrome Patterson-Stevenson-Fontaine syndrome is a very rare variant of acrofacial dysostosis characterized by mandibulofacial dysostosis and limb anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011154 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis, Palagonia type Acrofacial dysostosis, Palagonia type is a very rare form of acrofacial dysostosis, reported in four members of a family from the Sicilian village of Palagonia, characterized by normal intelligence, shortness of stature, and mild acrofacial dysostosis (malar hypoplasia, micrognathia and webbing of digits with shortening of the fourth metacarpals) associated with oligodontia, normal or high arched palate, aplasia cutis verticis with pili torti, mild cutaneous syndactyly of digits 2-5, webbing of digits and shortening of the fourth metacarpals, and unilateral cleft lip. Features are similar to those seen in Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome, although the latter shows no sign of acrofacial dysostosis. There have been no further reports in the literature since 1997. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013271 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal dysplasia - severe microphthalmia - severe facial clefting syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016510 biolink:NamedThing epibulbar lipodermoid-preauricular appendage-polythelia syndrome Epibulbar lipodermoid B preauricular appendages B polythelia is a branchial arch syndrome described in seven sibs of one Danish family and characterized by supernumerary nipples (polythelia), preauricular appendages and often binocular epibulbar lipodermoids or unilateral subconjunctival lipodermoids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018980 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis, Kennedy-Teebi type Acrofacial dysostosis, Kennedy-Teebi type was reported as a new type of acrofacial dysostosis due to the presence of manifestations not usually seen in Nager syndrome (NS) such as microcephaly, blepharophimosis, microtia, a peculiar beakednose, cleft lip and palate, symmetrical involvement of the thumbs and great toes and developmental delay. It has since been suggested that these features can also be a part of the NS phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015483 biolink:NamedThing mandibulofacial dysostosis A hereditary disorder occurring in two forms: the complete form (Franceschetti's syndrome) is characterized by antimongoloid slant of the palpebral fissures, coloboma of the lower lid, micrognathia and hypoplasia of the zygomatic arches, and microtia. It is transmitted as an autosomal trait. The incomplete form (Treacher Collins syndrome) is characterized by the same anomalies in less pronounced degree. It occurs sporadically, but an autosomal dominant mode of transmission is suspected. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017240 biolink:NamedThing acrodysostosis with multiple hormone resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023129 biolink:NamedThing Fara Chlupackova syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007167 biolink:NamedThing atelosteogenesis type I Atelosteogenesis I is a perinatally lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by severe short-limbed dwarfism, joint dislocations, club feet along with distinctive facies and radiographic findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007168 biolink:NamedThing atelosteogenesis type III A skeletal dysplasia characterized by short limbs dysmorphic facies and diagnostic radiographic findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007987 biolink:NamedThing Kniest dysplasia Kniest dysplasia is a severe type II collagenopathy characterized by a short trunk and limbs, prominent joints and midface hypoplasia (round face with a flat nasal root). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009727 biolink:NamedThing atelosteogenesis type II A lethal perinatal bone dysplasia characterized by limb shortening, normal sized skull with cleft palate, hitchhiker thumbs, distinctive facial dysmorphism and radiographic skeletal features, caused by mutations in the diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018571 biolink:NamedThing contractures-developmental delay-Pierre Robin syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007137 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital anosmia This syndrome is characterised by total or partial anosmia at birth. So far, 15 patients have been described. The anosmia is caused by a defect in the development of the olfactory bulbs or by replacement of the olfactory epithelium by respiratory epithelium. The mode of transmission appears to be autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. Isolated congenital anosmia is found in some parents of individuals with Kallman syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007233 biolink:NamedThing second branchial cleft anomaly A congenital defect in the neck that occurs during early embryonic development. It is caused by developmental abnormalities of the pharyngeal arches and results in the development of a cyst or a fissure in the side of the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019634 biolink:NamedThing familial nasal acilia Familial nasal acilia is a rare genetic otorhinolaryngologic disease characterized by respiratory morbidity due to lack of cilia on the respiratory tract epithelial cells. The disease manifests from birth with respiratory distress, neonatal pneumonia, dyspnea, lobar atelectasis and bronchiectasis. Recurrent infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, chronic humid coughing, and chronic sinusitis, otitis and rhinitis are typical lifelong presenting conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023682 biolink:NamedThing tympanic paraganglioma A benign or malignant middle ear paraganglioma arising from paraganglia around the tympanum. Signs and symptoms include a mass behind the tympanum, tinnitus, and conductive hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044720 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and bilateral vestibular areflexia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000018 biolink:NamedThing benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Idiopathic recurrent vertigo associated with positional nystagmus. It is associated with a vestibular loss without other neurological or auditory signs. Unlike in labyrinthitis and vestibular neuronitis inflammation in the ear is not observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000019 biolink:NamedThing vertigo, benign recurrent, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007735 biolink:NamedThing congenital Horner syndrome Congenital Horner syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by relative pupillary miosis and blepharoptosis, evident at birth, caused by interruption of the oculosympathetic innervation at any point along the neural pathway from the hypothalamus to the orbit. Often additional symptoms, such as enophthalmos, facial anhidrosis, iris heterochromia, conjunctival congestion, transient hypotonia and/or pupillary dilation lag, may be present. Association with birth trauma, neoplasms or vascular malformations has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008209 biolink:NamedThing Char syndrome Char syndrome is characterized by the triad of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), facial dysmorphism and hand anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008340 biolink:NamedThing ptosis, hereditary congenital, 1 Congenital ptosis is characterized by superior eyelid drop present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008341 biolink:NamedThing ptosis-strabismus-ectopic pupils syndrome Ptosis-strabismus-ectopic pupils syndrome is characterised by the association of ptosis, strabismus and ectopic pupils. It has been described in one family (in a mother and three of her children). Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008665 biolink:NamedThing ptosis-vocal cord paralysis syndrome Ptosis-vocal cord paralysis syndrome is a rare, hereditary disorder with ptosis characterized by the combination of congenital bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and congenital bilateral ptosis. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009123 biolink:NamedThing dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency Dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency is an extremely rare genetic metabolic disorder characterized by autonomic dysregulation leading mainly to orthostatic hypotension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009920 biolink:NamedThing Acrootoocular syndrome Acro-oto-ocular syndrome is a very rare disorder associating pseudopapilledema (optic disc swelling not secondary to increased intracranial pressure), mixed hearing loss, facial dysmorphism and limb extremity anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010181 biolink:NamedThing oculogastrointestinal muscular dystrophy Oculogastrointestinal muscular dystrophy is an extremely rare autosomal recessively inherited neuromuscular disease characterized by ocular manifestations such as ptosis and diplopia followed by chronic diarrhea, malnutrion and intestinal peudo-obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011266 biolink:NamedThing myotonic dystrophy type 2 Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (MD2), also known as proximal myotonic myopathy, is a very rare genetic multi-system disorder of late childhood or adult-onset characterized by mild myotonia, muscle weakness, and rarely cardiac conduction disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016457 biolink:NamedThing ptosis-upper ocular movement limitation-absence of lacrimal punctum syndrome Ptosis - upper ocular movement limitation - absence of lacrimal punctum is a recently described association of absence of the lower lid lacrimal punctum, bilateral ptosis, elevation deficiency of both eyes and mild facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018997 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome Noonan Syndrome (NS) is characterised by short stature, typical facial dysmorphism and congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020461 biolink:NamedThing epiblepharon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033809 biolink:NamedThing isolated blepharochalasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044715 biolink:NamedThing metopic ridging-ptosis-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020167 biolink:NamedThing malposition of external canthus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010580 biolink:NamedThing immune dysregulation-polyendocrinopathy-enteropathy-X-linked syndrome Immunodysregulation - polyendocrinopathy - enteropathy - X-linked (IPEX) syndrome is a severe congenital systemic autoimmune disease characterized by refractory diarrhea, endocrinopathies, cutaneous involvement, and infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044981 biolink:NamedThing pseudoallergy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100053 biolink:NamedThing anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction that occurs from exposure to an allergen. It results from the release of histamine and histamine-like substances from mast cells, and can present with breathing difficulty due to narrowed airways, dizziness and hypotension, skin rash, weak pulse, nausea and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002659 biolink:NamedThing uveal cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the choroid, ciliary body, or iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003072 biolink:NamedThing retinal cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044913 biolink:NamedThing metastatic malignant neoplasm in the eye A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the eye from another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021488 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of lacrimal gland A benign neoplasm that involves the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002944 biolink:NamedThing external ear carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the external ear DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003190 biolink:NamedThing middle ear carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the middle ear DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023644 biolink:NamedThing lip and oral cavity carcinoma A carcinoma arising in the lip or oral cavity. Most oral cavity carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue, buccal mucosa, or gums. Less frequent morphologic variants include mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Lip carcinomas are usually basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021233 biolink:NamedThing ear neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002469 biolink:NamedThing lacrimal gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma in the lacrimal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006403 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma A carcinoma that arises from a pleomorphic adenoma in the salivary glands. It usually originates in the parotid gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing tumor mass which grew rapidly in the past few months. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive carcinoma have an excellent prognosis. In cases where there is invasion of the surrounding tissues, the clinical course is aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010495 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 5, nonphotosensitive Any nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNF113A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014841 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 6, nonphotosensitive Any nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GTF2E2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021013 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 4, nonphotosensitive A subtype of trichothiodystrophy caused by mutation(s) in the MPLKIP gene, encoding M-phase-specific PLK1-interacting protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030517 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 8, nonphotosensitive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030518 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 9, nonphotosensitive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032806 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 7, nonphotosensitive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008842 biolink:NamedThing ataxia, early-onset, with oculomotor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia A rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia (ARCA), characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia associated with oculomotor apraxia, severe neuropathy, and hypoalbuminemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010781 biolink:NamedThing ataxia and polyneuropathy, adult-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011225 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to DCLRE1C deficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to DCLRE1C deficiency is a type of SCID characterized by severe and recurrent infections, diarrhea, failure to thrive, and cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020771 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, with axonal neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031219 biolink:NamedThing mismatch repair cancer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006351 biolink:NamedThing parachordoma A rare, usually benign myoepithelial tumor characterized by the presence of epithelioid, often vacuolated neoplastic cells. Most patients present with painless swelling in the subcutaneous or subfascial soft tissues of the extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002928 biolink:NamedThing carcinosarcoma A malignant tumor composed of a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016701 biolink:NamedThing oligoastrocytic tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024711 biolink:NamedThing malignant mixed epithelial stromal tumor of the kidney A mixed epithelial stromal tumor of the kidney with malignant stromal features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005193 biolink:NamedThing prostate intraepithelial neoplasia A neoplastic proliferation of the epithelial cells that line the acini and the ducts of the prostate gland. The neoplastic epithelial cells are confined within the acini and the ducts and they do not invade the surrounding prostatic stroma. Morphologically, it is classified as low or high grade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002486 biolink:NamedThing lobular neoplasia A spectrum of non-invasive neoplastic lesions that arise from the terminal ductal lobular units of the breast. There is atypical small epithelial cell proliferation. Pagetoid involvement of the terminal ducts may or may not be present. In the minority of cases, there is a risk for subsequent development of invasive ductal or invasive lobular carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004562 biolink:NamedThing breast apocrine carcinoma in situ A ductal breast carcinoma in situ, characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells with apocrine differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006184 biolink:NamedThing ductal breast carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ The co-existence of ductal and lobular carcinoma in situ in the breast, without evidence of stromal invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016251 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland type cancer of the breast Salivary gland type cancer of the breast describes a group of uncommon neoplasms, usually seen in the salivary glands but occurring in the breast, with a variable clinicopathologic spectrum and divided into those with myoepithelial differentiation and those without. This group includes mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma and oncocytic carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004938 biolink:NamedThing substance dependence The psychological or physiological need to take a substance in order to experience its effects or to avoid the effects of its absence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007008 biolink:NamedThing uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of renal insufficiency. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen catabolism, such as urea or creatinine. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002493 biolink:NamedThing prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland composed of secretory cells. It is the most common histologic type of prostate adenocarcinoma. Several morphologic variants exist, including atrophic, pseudohyperplastic, foamy gland, and oncocytic variants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003624 biolink:NamedThing acinic cell breast carcinoma A breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of serous (acinic cell) differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006346 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of relatively uniform malignant cells which form acinar patterns. It usually occurs during adulthood. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea. It may metastasize to regional lymph nodes and the liver. A minority of patients develop lipase hypersecretion syndrome. This syndrome may be seen in patients with liver metastases and it is characterized by excessive secretion of lipase in the serum, polyarthralgia, and subcutaneous fat necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006355 biolink:NamedThing parotid gland acinic cell carcinoma An adenocarcinoma with serous acinar cell differentiation that arises from the parotid gland. Patients usually present with a slow growing mass in the parotid area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006400 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma A carcinoma of the salivary gland characterized by serous acinar cell differentiation. The vast majority of cases occur in the parotid gland. It usually presents as a slowly enlarging mass. A minority of patients experience pain. It may recur or metastasize. Multiple recurrences and metastasis to cervical lymph nodes are usually associated with a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004336 biolink:NamedThing rectal signet ring cell adenocarcinoma An infiltrating adenocarcinoma arising from the rectum. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells with prominent intracytoplasmic mucin. These cells constitute more than 50% of the malignant cellular population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002592 biolink:NamedThing invasive malignant thymoma A malignant thymoma that extends beyond the capsule and infiltrates the surrounding tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006256 biolink:NamedThing invasive breast carcinoma A carcinoma that infiltrates the breast parenchyma. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas arising from the terminal ductal lobular unit (TDLU). Often, the invasive adenocarcinoma co-exists with ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ. It is the most common carcinoma affecting women. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002911 biolink:NamedThing brain stem glioma A neuroglial tumor that arises from the brain stem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003169 biolink:NamedThing diencephalic astrocytomas A astrocytoma that involves the diencephalon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016683 biolink:NamedThing gliomatosis cerebri A diffuse glial tumor which infiltrates the brain extensively, involving more than two lobes. It is frequently bilateral and often extends to the infratentorial structures, even to the spinal cord. It is probably of astrocytic origin, although GFAP expression may be scant or absent. (Adapted from WHO.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016706 biolink:NamedThing chordoid glioma of the third ventricle A rare, slow-growing neuroepithelial neoplasm of uncertain origin affecting adults. It is located in the third ventricle. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid cells which express GFAP, and mucinous stroma which contains lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002503 biolink:NamedThing adult astrocytic tumour An astrocytic tumor occurring during adulthood. Representative examples include diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002505 biolink:NamedThing childhood astrocytic tumor An astrocytic tumor appearing before the age of twenty one without designation of benign or malignant nor designated location. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003170 biolink:NamedThing gliofibroma An astrocytic tumor affecting young people. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of collagenous tissue surrounding neoplastic astrocytes. In some cases the collagen is produced by the tumor cells (desmoplastic astrocytoma), whereas in others it is produced by mesenchymal cells (mixed glioma/fibroma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016680 biolink:NamedThing high grade astrocytic tumor An anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III astrocytic tumor) or glioblastoma (grade IV astrocytic tumor). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019781 biolink:NamedThing astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma) A tumor of the brain or spinal cord showing astrocytic differentiation. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021638 biolink:NamedThing low grade astrocytic tumor A grade I or grade II astrocytic tumor. This category includes pilocytic astrocytoma (grade I), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (grade I), and diffuse astrocytoma (grade II). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002915 biolink:NamedThing childhood infratentorial neoplasm A neoplasm that affects the infratentorial region of the brain and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003478 biolink:NamedThing childhood ependymoma An ependymoma that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003751 biolink:NamedThing childhood germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003932 biolink:NamedThing childhood optic nerve glioma A glioma affecting the optic tract and occurring in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019752 biolink:NamedThing pediatric Castleman disease Pediatric Castleman disease (PCD) is a form of Castleman disease (CD) with a predominant occurrence in teenagers which is either asymptomatic or manifest by systemic (such as fever, anemia, fatigue and failure to thrive) or compressive symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022642 biolink:NamedThing childhood carcinoid tumor A rare carcinoid tumor that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024744 biolink:NamedThing childhood choroid plexus neoplasm A neoplasm that arises from the choroid plexus in the brain and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037250 biolink:NamedThing childhood testicular neoplasm A neoplasm that arises from the testis during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044767 biolink:NamedThing childhood adrenal gland pheochromocytoma A rare pheochromocytoma of the adrenal gland that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004845 biolink:NamedThing aphthous stomatitis A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval, lasting for 7-14 days and healing without scarring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004848 biolink:NamedThing ulcerative stomatitis Inflammation of the mouth mucosa associated with the presence of ulcers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005318 biolink:NamedThing canker sore A type of stomatitis that is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval, lasting for 7-14 days and healing without scarring. It is a recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005588 biolink:NamedThing chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis Inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa as a result of chemotherapy treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005792 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex virus gingivostomatitis Stomatitis caused by Herpesvirus hominis. It usually occurs as acute herpetic stomatitis (or gingivostomatitis), an oral manifestation of primary herpes simplex seen primarily in children and adolescents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006723 biolink:NamedThing denture stomatitis Inflammation of the mouth due to denture irritation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002509 biolink:NamedThing non-specific granulomatous orchitis Granulomatous inflammation of the testis. It is characterized by the formation of granulomas around the seminiferous tubules. History of trauma may be present. It is assumed to be a reactive process due to autoimmune phenomena. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006350 biolink:NamedThing papillary transitional cell carcinoma A non-invasive or invasive transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern. It may occur in the bladder or the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004868 biolink:NamedThing biliary tract disorder A disease involving the biliary tree. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006216 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder adenoma A polypoid epithelial neoplasm that arises from the gallbladder. According to the neoplastic growth pattern, it is classified as tubular, tubulopapillary, or papillary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006218 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder biliary intraepithelial neoplasia A neoplastic, non-invasive lesion that affects the gallbladder epithelium. It is characterized by the presence of atypical epithelial cells with an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear hyperchromasia, and loss of nuclear polarity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037939 biolink:NamedThing porphyria Porphyria is a group of diseases in which substances called porphyrins build up, negatively affecting the skin or nervous system. Most types are inherited, but porphyria cutanea tarda may also be due to increased iron in the liver, hepatitis C, alcohol, or HIV/AIDS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024876 biolink:NamedThing tendon sheath disorder A disease that involves the tendon sheath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006442 biolink:NamedThing tendon sheath fibroma A small, slow growing, benign neoplasm arising from the tendon sheaths. The tumor is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003244 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system mesenchymal non-meningothelial tumor A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm originating in the central nervous system or the meninges and showing fibrous, fibrohistiocytic, adipose, myoid, endothelial, chondroid or osseous, but not meningothelial differentiation. Depending on the histological features and clinical behavior of these neoplasms, their grade ranges from benign (WHO grade I) to highly malignant (WHO grade IV). (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003512 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal mesenchymal tumor A benign or malignant soft tissue neoplasm of the mediastinum. Representative examples of benign mediastinal soft tissue neoplasms include chondroma, leiomyoma, lipoma, and rhabdomyoma. Representative examples of malignant mediastinal soft tissue neoplasms include angiosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004187 biolink:NamedThing nodular fasciitis A self-limiting, rapidly growing, non-encapsulated benign neoplasm that arises from the soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of plump spindle-shaped fibroblasts, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, chronic inflammatory infiltrate, red blood cell extravasation, and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006359 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation A soft tissue neoplasm composed of perivascular epithelioid cells. Representative examples include angiomyolipoma, clear cell-sugar-tumor of the lung, and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007608 biolink:NamedThing desmoid tumor A desmoid tumor (DT) is a benign, locally invasive soft tissue tumor associated with a high recurrence rate but with no metastatic potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015798 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor A multinodular intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm that arises from soft tissue or viscera, in children and young adults. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016236 biolink:NamedThing kaposiform hemangioendothelioma Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a very rare, aggressive, vascular tumor manifesting in the neonatal period or in infancy as cutaneous vascular tumors to large infiltrative lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019971 biolink:NamedThing melanoma of soft tissue DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024892 biolink:NamedThing soft tissue amyloid neoplasm A soft tissue neoplasm composed of acellular amyloid material. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037745 biolink:NamedThing fibromyxoid tumor A soft tissue tumor of uncertain lineage characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells in a fibromyxoid stroma. Metaplastic bone formation may or may not be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003461 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube serous adenofibroma A rare, benign, asymptomatic neoplasm that arises from the fallopian tube. The majority of cases are incidental findings during operation for an unrelated gynecologic disorder. The tumors are round and solitary and contain connective tissue and papillary or tubular structures lined by serous-type epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002540 biolink:NamedThing childhood oligodendroglioma An oligodendroglioma that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002623 biolink:NamedThing pediatric osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma occurring in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002678 biolink:NamedThing pediatric fibrosarcoma A malignant neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues in children. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002685 biolink:NamedThing childhood choroid plexus carcinoma A choroid plexus carcinoma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002798 biolink:NamedThing childhood central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal neoplasm A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified that occurs in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002914 biolink:NamedThing childhood brain stem neoplasm A neoplasm that affects the brain stem and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003041 biolink:NamedThing pediatric mesenchymal chondrosarcoma A mesenchymal chondrosarcoma occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003587 biolink:NamedThing pediatric liposarcoma A rare malignant neoplasm arising from adipocytes, that occurs in children. The tumor maybe one of several histologic types including well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid/round cell, and pleomorphic liposarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003691 biolink:NamedThing childhood malignant mesenchymoma A malignant mesenchymoma occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003898 biolink:NamedThing pediatric myxoid chondrosarcoma A myxoid chondrosarcoma occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003992 biolink:NamedThing childhood botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in children. The tumor arises from organs with a mucosal epithelial surface. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules within an abundant myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004045 biolink:NamedThing pediatric intraocular retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma during childhood that has not spread beyond the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004105 biolink:NamedThing childhood epithelioid sarcoma An epithelioid sarcoma occurring in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004233 biolink:NamedThing childhood pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma A rare aggressive rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in children. The neoplasm is characterized by the presence of bizarre round, spindle, and polygonal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004248 biolink:NamedThing pediatric infratentorial ependymoma An ependymoma that arises from the infratentorial region of the brain and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004249 biolink:NamedThing pediatric supratentorial ependymoma An ependymoma that arises from the supratentorial region of the brain and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004350 biolink:NamedThing pediatric extraocular retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma during childhood that has spread beyond the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004479 biolink:NamedThing malignant childhood germ cell neoplasm A malignant germ cell tumor that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011014 biolink:NamedThing pleuropulmonary blastoma A malignant neoplasm affecting the lungs and/or the pleura. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is seen in children. Microscopically, the tumor may show features of chondrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, or undifferentiated sarcoma. In approximately 25% of patients with pleuropulmonary blastoma, there are other lesions or neoplasms that may affect patients or their families, including lung or kidney cysts, and ovarian or testicular neoplasms. Heterozygous germline mutations in DICER1 gene have been identified in families harboring pleuropulmonary blastomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018055 biolink:NamedThing pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma Pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma (pediatric HCC) is a rare, aggressive, malignant hepatic tumor that develops mainly in children over 10 years of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036511 biolink:NamedThing childhood malignant kidney neoplasm A malignant neoplasm that affects the kidney and occurs in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016695 biolink:NamedThing oligodendroglioma A well-differentiated (WHO grade II), diffusely infiltrating neuroglial tumor, typically located in the cerebral hemispheres. It is composed predominantly of cells which morphologically resemble oligodendroglia. The neoplastic cells have rounded homogeneous nuclei and, on paraffin sections, a swollen, clear cytoplasm ('honeycomb' appearance). (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002541 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord oligodendroglioma A oligodendroglioma that involves the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002543 biolink:NamedThing adult oligodendroglioma An oligodendroglioma occurring during adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003174 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord astrocytoma A low or high grade astrocytoma that arises in the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004363 biolink:NamedThing adult spinal cord glioblastoma A rare spinal tumor which is highly malignant and tends to be locally invasive of surrounding neural tissue. The tumor also tends to spread throughout the neuroaxis and is often rapidly progressive. Histologically the tumors are highly cellular with nuclear and cellular pleomorphism, endothelial proliferation, mitotic figures, and, often, necrosis. This tumor has a relatively poor prognosis. Clinical features may include pain followed by rapidly progressive neurologic deficits such as extremity weakness, sensory changes, spasticity, and incontinence. (From Innocenzi et al., Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1997 Feb;99(1):1-5) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021546 biolink:NamedThing ependymal tumor of spinal cord An ependymal tumor that arises from the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018744 biolink:NamedThing oligodendroglial tumor Oligodendrogliomas are cerebral tumors that are differentiated from other gliomas on the basis of their unique genetic characteristics and better response to chemotherapy. These tumors are classified according to their grade (low grade oligodendrogliomas: grade II of the WHO classification and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas: grade III of the WHO classification) and according to their pure or mixed histology (oligoastrocytomas). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006317 biolink:NamedThing neurothekeoma A benign neoplasm arising from nerve sheaths. It is characterized by the presence of a myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019404 biolink:NamedThing perineurioma A usually benign perineurioma not associated with a nerve, arising from the soft tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016752 biolink:NamedThing benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017585 biolink:NamedThing painful orbital and systemic neurofibromas-marfanoid habitus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016705 biolink:NamedThing angiocentric glioma Angiocentric glioma (AG) is an extremely rare slow-growing glial neoplasm of the central nervous system, usually arising in a superficial location in the cerebrum, affecting all ages and both sexes, and characterized by intractable seizures and headaches, with most cases being cured by surgical incision alone and therefore having a good prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002551 biolink:NamedThing c-P angle neurinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003141 biolink:NamedThing cerebellopontine angle embryonal tumor A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified arising from the cerebellopontine angle of the infratentorial brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003860 biolink:NamedThing cerebellopontine angle meningioma A meningioma that affects the cerebellopontine angle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002552 biolink:NamedThing vascular myelopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002565 biolink:NamedThing myelitis An inflammatory process affecting the spinal cord. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune disorders, vascular disorders, and toxic agents. Symptoms include weakness, paresthesia, sensory loss, pain, and incontinence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017987 biolink:NamedThing syringomyelia Syringomyelia is characterised by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled cavities (syrinx) inside the spinal cord, either as a result of a known cause (secondary syringomyelia, SS) or, more rarely, due to an unknown cause (primary syringomyelia, PS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043797 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord injury Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002563 biolink:NamedThing jejunal somatostatinoma A somatostatin-producing neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the jejunum. It is characterized by the presence of tubulo-glandular structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006257 biolink:NamedThing jejunal neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the jejunum. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005134 biolink:NamedThing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis An autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that is produced experimentally in animals by the injection of homogenized brain or spinal cord in Freund's adjuvant. Myelin basic protein appears to be the antigen that elicits the hypersensitivity immune response which is characterized by focal areas of lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration into the brain, associated with demyelination and destruction of the blood-brain barrier. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is used as an animal model for demyelinating diseases of the human central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004959 biolink:NamedThing plasma cell neoplasm A clonal proliferation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. This category includes plasma cell myeloma, plasma cell leukemia, plasmacytoma, monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007243 biolink:NamedThing Burkitt lymphoma Burkitt lymphoma is a rare form of malignant mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007650 biolink:NamedThing MALT lymphoma An indolent, extranodal type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small B-lymphocytes (centrocyte-like cells). The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of involvement. Other common sites of involvement include lung, head and neck, ocular adnexae, skin, thyroid, and breast. Gastric involvement is associated with the presence of H. pylori infection. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018906 biolink:NamedThing follicular lymphoma Follicular lymphoma is a form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by a proliferation of B cells whose nodular structure of follicular architecture is preserved. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019461 biolink:NamedThing B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood, bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004351 biolink:NamedThing intraocular lymphoma A lymphoma that arises within the eye. Signs and symptoms include decreased vision, uveitis, and vitreous floaters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016570 biolink:NamedThing primary pulmonary lymphoma Primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) is a rare lymphoma of the lung, defined as a clonal lymphoid proliferation affecting one or both lungs (parenchyma and/or bronchi) in a patient with no detectable extrapulmonary involvement at diagnosis or during the subsequent 3 months. PPL comprises low grade/indolent B cell PPL forms, the most frequent form represented by the marginal B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) and other non-MALT low grade lymphomas; and more rarely high-grade B-cell PPL (including diffuse large B cell lymphoma) and lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017205 biolink:NamedThing primary oculocerebral lymphoma Primary oculocerebral lymphoma is a rare, primary, organ-specific, extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (typically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), simultaneously affecting the intraocular compartments (retina, vitreous, optic nerve, uvea and others) and the central nervous system (commonly the cerebellum, spinal cord or pia mater). The presenting symptoms vary depending on the localization of the tumor and may include vitreous floaters or blurred vision, raised intracranial pressure (headache, vomiting, papilledema) and/or focal neurological deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019962 biolink:NamedThing thyroid lymphoma A lymphoma primarily involving the thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017343 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus-associated malignant lymphoproliferative disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018224 biolink:NamedThing hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma A rare, EBV-positive cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, composed of CD8 positive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. It affects children, almost exclusively in Latin America and Asia. Patients present with papulovesicular skin lesions, clinically resembling hydroa vacciniforme, in areas of sun-exposed skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019472 biolink:NamedThing extranodal nasal NK/T cell lymphoma Extranodal nasal NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a rare, malignant neoplasm mainly affecting men in the fifth decade of life, that usually arises in the nose, paranasal sinuses, orbits or upper airway, and that can present with a nasal mass, nasal bleeding, nasal obstruction, palate perforation (i.e. midline perforation of the hard palate), and mid-facial and/or upper airway destructive lesions. In advanced disease stages, which are associated with a poor prognosis, NKTCL may disseminate to other organs. A few cases of NKTCL presenting primarily in the lymph nodes have also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002572 biolink:NamedThing aspiration pneumonitis Inflammation of the lungs due to the inhalation of solid or liquid material. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003479 biolink:NamedThing toxic pneumonitis A pneumonia that is an acute inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors. It is a sentinel health event (occupational) associated with exposure to ammonia (refrigeration, fertilizer, and oil refining industries), chlorine (alkali and bleach industries), nitrogen oxides (silo fillers, arc welders, and nitric acid industry), sulfur dioxide (paper, refrigeration, and oil refining industries), cadmium (processors and cadmium smelters), trimellitic anhydride (plastics and organic chemical synthesis), and vanadium pentoxide (boilermakers). The two types of pulmonary agents are central and peripheral. Central pulmonary agents, for example, ammonia, are water soluble irritants that injure the upper airways. Peripheral pulmonary agents, for example, phosgene, NOx, and PFIB, are slightly water soluble irritants that injure the alveolar-capillary membranes. Chlorine has both central and peripheral effects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006389 biolink:NamedThing prostate rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the prostate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002577 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation, arising from the extrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003377 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from an extrahepatic bile duct. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002580 biolink:NamedThing orbit rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation that arises from the orbit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002978 biolink:NamedThing orbit alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises in the orbit. It is characterized by the presence of round cells with myoblastic differentiation and a fibrovascular stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002581 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of whorls of spindle cells forming a storiform pattern. In children it usually arises in the paratesticular region. In adults it usually arises from the deep soft tissues in the head and neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002851 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002853 biolink:NamedThing rectum rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002856 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder rhabdomyosarcoma A rhabdomyosarcoma that is located in the gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002858 biolink:NamedThing ovary rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the ovaries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002859 biolink:NamedThing breast rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002860 biolink:NamedThing testis rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the testis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002863 biolink:NamedThing rhabdomyosarcoma with mixed embryonal and alveolar features A rhabdomyosarcoma composed of embryonic and alveolar components. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with myoblastic differentiation, a myxoid stroma, and fibrous septa. These tumors were previously considered variants of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The lack of PAX3-FOXO1 fusions in most of these tumors suggests that are biologically and clinically related to embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009994 biolink:NamedThing alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma A rapidly growing malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of round cells with myoblastic differentiation and a fibrovascular stroma resembling an alveolar growth pattern. The tumor usually presents in the extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016095 biolink:NamedThing vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation arising from the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016282 biolink:NamedThing rhabdomyosarcoma of the cervix uteri A rare malignant neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation arising from the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017386 biolink:NamedThing pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation, occurring in adults and rarely in children. The tumor is characterized by the presence of bizarre round, spindle, and polygonal cells. Clinical presentation includes a rapidly enlarging painful mass usually of the lower extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003466 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell synovial sarcoma A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of a spindle cell component only. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003596 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell liposarcoma A morphologic variant of well differentiated liposarcoma characterized by the presence of bland spindle cells and lipoblasts within a myxoid or fibrous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002582 biolink:NamedThing subacute leukemia A leukemia that is in between acute and chronic leukemia and is characterized by a moderate duration or severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018874 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a group of neoplasms arising from precursor cells committed to the myeloid cell-line differentiation. All of them are characterized by clonal expansion of myeloid blasts. AML manifests by fever, pallor, anemia, hemorrhages and recurrent infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700060 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, acute, X-linked X-linked form of acute leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002583 biolink:NamedThing mucinous ovarian cystadenoma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005183 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cystadenoma A benign ovarian surface epithelial-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by serous epithelial cells, mucinous columnar epithelial cells, or endometrial-type well-differentiated cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003610 biolink:NamedThing rete ovarii cystadenoma An exceptionally rare cystadenoma that arises from the rete ovarii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003872 biolink:NamedThing ovarian papillary cystadenoma A serous cystadenoma of the ovary characterized by the presence of small papillary projections in the inner surface of the cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004136 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrioid cystadenoma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by endometrial-type well-differentiated cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018523 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma A non-metastasizing cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It is composed of columnar, mucin-producing epithelial cells. It occurs almost exclusively in women. Large tumors are often accompanied by a palpable abdominal mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002585 biolink:NamedThing breast fibrocystic change, proliferative type Breast fibrocystic change characterized by the presence of epithelial cell hyperplasia. Epithelial atypia may be present or absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003724 biolink:NamedThing non-proliferative fibrocystic change of the breast Breast fibrocystic change characterized by the absence of epithelial cell hyperplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002587 biolink:NamedThing encapsulated thymoma A thymoma that is confined within the capsule and may display benign or malignant morphologic characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006456 biolink:NamedThing thymoma A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells of the thymus. Although thymomas are usually encapsulated tumors, they may invade the capsule and infiltrate the surrounding tissues or even metastasize to distant anatomic sites. The following morphologic subtypes are currently recognized: type A, type B, type AB, metaplastic, micronodular, microscopic, and sclerosing thymoma. Thymomas type B are further subdivided into types B1, B2, and B3. Thymoma type B3 usually has the most aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002588 biolink:NamedThing thymoma type A A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and/or oval neoplastic epithelial cells. Lymphocytic infiltration is minimal or absent. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis or pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. Approximately 20% of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. Type A thymoma generally behaves as a benign tumor and the overall survival is reported to be 100% at 5 and 10 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002590 biolink:NamedThing combined thymoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004147 biolink:NamedThing noninvasive malignant thymoma A morphologically malignant thymoma that is entirely confined within the capsule. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016975 biolink:NamedThing thymoma type AB A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a lymphocyte-poor component similar to that seen in type A thymoma and a lymphocyte-rich component which contains neoplastic small polygonal epithelial cells. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis and pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. The overall survival is reported to be 80-100% at 5 and 10 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003976 biolink:NamedThing malignant type AB thymoma A type AB thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004297 biolink:NamedThing lymphoepithelioma-like thymic carcinoma A rare, usually aggressive primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by a syncytial growth of undifferentiated carcinoma cells and the presence of a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. More than 40% of cases are associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004475 biolink:NamedThing thymus clear cell carcinoma A rare, usually aggressive, primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of carcinoma cells with clear cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006452 biolink:NamedThing thymic sarcomatoid carcinoma A rare, usually aggressive, primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of tumor cells morphologically resembling soft tissue sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006455 biolink:NamedThing thymic undifferentiated carcinoma A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by an undifferentiated solid tumor growth, without associated sarcomatoid features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006446 biolink:NamedThing testicular embryonal carcinoma A malignant germ cell neoplasm arising from the testis. It is composed of primitive epithelial cells arranged in solid, papillary, and glandular configurations. Most patients present with a testicular mass, which may be associated with pain. More than half of the patients have metastatic disease at diagnosis. The form of treatment following radical orchiectomy is stage dependent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016708 biolink:NamedThing embryonal tumor of neuroepithelial tissue DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017043 biolink:NamedThing congenital mesoblastic nephroma A low grade childhood congenital malignant neoplasm arising from the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells. The majority of cases occur in the first year of life. Complete excision is usually associated with an excellent prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018666 biolink:NamedThing hepatoblastoma Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a malignant hepatic tumor and is the most common pediatric liver cancer. It is characterized by anorexia, weight loss and an enlarged abdomen. HB is more common in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), and can occur in patients with other pre-existing liver conditions. About 5% of HB cases are associated with genetic factors, especially overgrowth syndromes, such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) or hemihypertrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021038 biolink:NamedThing Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor A spectrum of malignant tumors, affecting mostly males under age 20, characterized morphologically by the presence of small round cells. Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor represent the ends of a spectrum, with Ewing sarcoma lacking evidence of neural differentiation and the markers that characterize the peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor may share cytogenetic abnormalities, proto-oncogene expression, cell culture and immunohistochemical abnormalities. These tumors may occur in the soft tissues or the bones. Pain and the presence of a mass are the most common clinical symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002598 biolink:NamedThing germinoma A malignant germ cell tumor arising in the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of primitive, large malignant germ cells and lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003001 biolink:NamedThing seminoma A radiosensitive malignant germ cell tumor found in the testis (especially undescended), and extragonadal sites (anterior mediastinum and pineal gland). It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells with clear or dense cytoplasm which contains glycogen, and by a large nucleus which contains one or more nucleoli. The neoplastic germ cells form aggregates separated by fibrous septa. The fibrous septa contain chronic inflammatory cells, mainly lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003002 biolink:NamedThing dysgerminoma A malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of a monotonous primitive germ cell population. The neoplastic cells form aggregates and have an abundant pale cytoplasm and uniform nuclei. The aggregates of the germ cells are separated by fibrous septa which contain inflammatory cells, mostly T-lymphocytes. It arises primarily in the ovaries, but can occur both primarily and secondarily at other sites, particularly the central nervous system. It responds to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Its prognosis is related to the tumor stage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016289 biolink:NamedThing malignant germ cell tumor of cervix uteri A malignant germ cell tumor that involves the uterine cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018171 biolink:NamedThing malignant germ cell tumor of ovary Malignant germ cell tumor of ovary is a rare ovarian cancer arising from germ cells in the ovary, frequently unilateral at diagnosis which characteristically presents during adolescence with pelvic mass, fever, vaginal bleeding and acute abdomen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020580 biolink:NamedThing germinomatous germ cell tumor A term that refers to germinoma, seminoma, or dysgerminoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021656 biolink:NamedThing nongerminomatous germ cell tumor A term that refers to teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, or mixed forms of these tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016096 biolink:NamedThing malignant non-dysgerminomatous germ cell tumor of ovary A malignant germ cell tumor other than dysgerminoma that arises from the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020539 biolink:NamedThing extragonadal non-dysgerminomatous germ cell tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002603 biolink:NamedThing angiomyolipoma A neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation often associated with tuberous sclerosis. It is characterized by a mixture of epithelioid cells, smooth muscle, vessels, and mature adipose tissue. The kidney is the most common site of involvement. Other sites of involvement include the liver, lung, lymph nodes, and retroperitoneum. The vast majority of cases follow a benign clinical course. However, cases of metastatic angiomyolipomas with sarcomatoid features have been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006842 biolink:NamedThing lymphangiomyoma A neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation, often associated with tuberous sclerosis. It is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle and epithelioid cells and by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Sites of involvement include the lymph nodes, lung, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011705 biolink:NamedThing lymphangioleiomyomatosis A multifocal neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation affecting almost exclusively females of child-bearing age. It is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle and epithelioid cells and by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Sites of involvement include the lungs, mediastinum, and the retroperitoneum. It usually presents with chylous pleural effusion or ascites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020588 biolink:NamedThing lung PEComa A lung tumor that arises from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002604 biolink:NamedThing pericytic neoplasm A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the perivascular cells of the connective and soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of pericytes that grow in a circumferential pattern around vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024469 biolink:NamedThing chondrogenic neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant cartilaginous matrix-producing neoplasm. Representative examples include osteochondroma, chondroblastoma, and chondrosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045053 biolink:NamedThing osteogenic neoplasm A benign, intermediate, or malignant bone-forming neoplasm. Representative examples include osteoma, osteoblastoma, and osteosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002606 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid type angiomyolipoma An angiomyolipoma composed exclusively or predominantly by polygonal epithelioid cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, often associated with cytologic atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003290 biolink:NamedThing simple partial epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006710 biolink:NamedThing complex partial epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent partial seizures marked by impairment of cognition. During the seizure the individual may experience a wide variety of psychic phenomenon including formed hallucinations, illusions, deja vu, intense emotional feelings, confusion, and spatial disorientation. Focal motor activity, sensory alterations and automatism may also occur. Complex partial seizures often originate from foci in one or both temporal lobes. The etiology may be idiopathic (cryptogenic partial complex epilepsy) or occur as a secondary manifestation of a focal cortical lesion (symptomatic partial complex epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317-8) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006891 biolink:NamedThing partial motor epilepsy A simple partial seizure consisting of clonus or spasm of a muscle or muscle group; it may be single or in a continuous and repetitive series or may spread to adjacent muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006892 biolink:NamedThing partial sensory epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent focal onset seizures which have sensory (i.e., olfactory, visual, tactile, gustatory, or auditory) manifestations. Partial seizures that feature alterations of consciousness are referred to as complex partial seizures (epilepsy, complex partial). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018001 biolink:NamedThing inverse Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002677 biolink:NamedThing conventional fibrosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of fibroblasts, and characterized by collagen production and usually a herringbone architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003720 biolink:NamedThing kidney fibrosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003728 biolink:NamedThing breast fibrosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004028 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal fibrosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the small intestine. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006272 biolink:NamedThing low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma A low grade, late-metastasizing variant of fibrosarcoma characterized by alternating fibrous and myxoid areas and a whorling growth pattern. The neoplastic cells have a spindle morphology, and lack hyperchromasia or significant nuclear atypia. Approximately 40% of cases show the focal presence of collagen rosettes. A t(7;16)(q33;p11) translocation has been identified in the majority of cases, associated with the presence of FUS-CREB3L2 fusion protein. Rare cases carry the t(11;16)(p11;p11) translocation which is associated with the presence of the FUS-CREB3L1 fusion protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002620 biolink:NamedThing localized osteosarcoma A non-disseminated osteosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002622 biolink:NamedThing multifocal osteogenic sarcoma A primary bone osteosarcoma affecting multiple bone sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006271 biolink:NamedThing low grade central osteosarcoma A low grade osteosarcoma arising from the medullary portion of the bone. It affects the long bones and is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic stroma and osteoid production. Pain and swelling are the usual sign and symptom. The prognosis is more favorable than conventional osteosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002627 biolink:NamedThing chondroblastic osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma characterised by the presence of atypical cartilage of variable cellularity. It may or may not be associated with the presence of myxoid areas or focal bone formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002631 biolink:NamedThing conventional osteosarcoma A high grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm producing osteoid. The tumor arises from the medullary portion of the bone. It affects the long bones and most commonly, the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Pain with or without a palpable mass is the most common clinical presentation. It usually has an aggressive growth and may metastasize through the hematogenous route. The lung is the most frequent site of metastasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004301 biolink:NamedThing fibrosarcomatous osteosarcoma A conventional osteosarcoma characterized by the presence of spindle shaped cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004306 biolink:NamedThing childhood intracortical osteosarcoma A high grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm that produces osteoid and occurs in childhood. It arises from the medullary portion of the bone. It affects the long bones, and most commonly, the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Pain with or without a palpable mass is the most common clinical presentation. It usually has an aggressive growth and may metastasize through the hematogenous route. The lung is the most frequent site of metastasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020660 biolink:NamedThing osteoblastic osteosarcoma A conventional osteosarcoma characterized by the predominance of osteoid matrix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002628 biolink:NamedThing peripheral osteosarcoma A usually aggressive malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002632 biolink:NamedThing metachronous osteosarcoma of the bone A bone osteosarcoma that has metastasized to skeletal or extraskeletal sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004050 biolink:NamedThing telangiectatic osteogenic sarcoma An osteosarcoma usually arising from the metaphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of a cystic architecture with blood-filled spaces. The prognosis is similar to that of conventional osteosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006239 biolink:NamedThing head and neck paraganglioma A benign or malignant extra-adrenal paraganglioma arising from paraganglia in the head and neck. Representative examples include the carotid body and jugulotympanic paragangliomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015317 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheal angioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056820 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity and paranasal sinus neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type adenoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma and lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003585 biolink:NamedThing adult liposarcoma A malignant neoplasm arising from adipocytes, that occurs in adults. The tumor maybe one of several histologic types including well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid/round cell, and pleomorphic liposarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003586 biolink:NamedThing esophagus liposarcoma A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the esophagus, characterized by multivacuolated lipoblasts with hyperchromatic nuclei, a solid pattern of growth, and a rich vascular network. It arises from the mucosal and submucosal layers of the lower esophagus. Clinical presentation includes progressive dysphagia, nausea, throat discomfort, and foreign body sensation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003588 biolink:NamedThing larynx liposarcoma A rare malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the larynx. It predominantly affects males. Clinical presentation includes dysphonia, dysphagia and respiratory symptoms. The supraglottis is the most common site of involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003589 biolink:NamedThing liposarcoma of the ovary A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003590 biolink:NamedThing fibroblastic liposarcoma A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of a fibroblastic component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003591 biolink:NamedThing kidney liposarcoma A rare malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the fat cells surrounding the kidney, usually of the well-differentiated or myxoid type. It may be associated with tuberous sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003593 biolink:NamedThing breast liposarcoma A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003594 biolink:NamedThing mixed liposarcoma A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of a combination of liposarcomatous morphologic subtypes: myxoid/round cell and well differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma or myxoid/round cell and pleomorphic liposarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003599 biolink:NamedThing vulvar liposarcoma A rare malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003601 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum liposarcoma A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the anterior, middle or posterior mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003602 biolink:NamedThing intracranial liposarcoma A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the intracranial region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005103 biolink:NamedThing well-differentiated liposarcoma A locally aggressive malignant neoplasm composed of mature adipocytes showing cell size variation and nuclear atypia. It is often associated with the presence of hyperchromatic multinucleated stromal cells, and varying numbers of lipoblasts. There are three histologic subtypes, sclerosing, inflammatory, and spindle cell liposarcoma. These tumors do not usually metastasize unless they undergo dedifferentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020561 biolink:NamedThing myxoid/round cell liposarcoma Myxoid/round cell liposarcoma (MRCLS) is a type of liposarcoma (LS) mostly located in the limbs, with a variable behavior depending on the histological subtype. Both myxoid and round cell are distinct histological subtypes of LS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020562 biolink:NamedThing pleomorphic liposarcoma Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLS), the rarest subtype of liposarcoma (LS), is an aggressive, fast growing tumor located usually in the deep soft tissues of the lower and upper extremities. It is characterized by a variable number of pleomorphic lipoblasts and, in contrast to dedifferentiated liposarcoma, it lacks any association with well-differentiated liposarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020563 biolink:NamedThing Dedifferentiated liposarcoma Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) is a high-grade subtype of liposarcoma (LS) that progresses from well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS), and most often occurs in the retroperitoneum. It is defined as a region of nonlipogenic sarcoma associated with WDLS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003964 biolink:NamedThing myositis ossificans A disorder characterized by non-neoplastic bone formation in soft tissues. It usually follows blunt trauma and bleeding in the deep soft tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004881 biolink:NamedThing myositis fibrosa A form of myositis that is characterized by the formation of connective tissue within the muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007827 biolink:NamedThing inclusion body myositis A slowly progressive degenerative inflammatory disorder of skeletal muscles characterized by late onset weakness of specific muscles and distinctive histopathological features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016126 biolink:NamedThing viral myositis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023483 biolink:NamedThing infectious myositis An infectious process affecting the skeletal muscles. It can be caused by viruses (including HIV), bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Symptoms include muscle weakness and muscle pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600023 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic inflammatory myopathy Idiopathic form of inflammatory myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002645 biolink:NamedThing cerebritis Inflammation of the cerebrum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008962 biolink:NamedThing Griscelli syndrome type 1 A Griscelli syndrome characterized by silvery gray sheen of the hair, hypopigmentation of the skin and neurological impairment without immunodeficiency that has material basis in mutations in the MYO5A gene on chromosome 15q21.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009974 biolink:NamedThing familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 1 Familial Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by a macrophage activation syndrome with an onset usually occurring within a few months or less common several years after birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018673 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related pachymeningitis Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP) is a rare disorder causing inflammation and thickening of the outer layer (dura) of the brain and/or spinal cord. IHP can be widespread or cause tumor-like lesions. Before IHP can be diagnosed, other conditions including sarcoidosis, tumors, meningioma, infections (syphilis, tuberculosis, and Lyme disease), and autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogrenbs syndrome, Wegenerbs granulomatosis, and IgG4-related disease) must be ruled out. IHP often presents with headache and cranial nerve impairment. Treatment may involve prednisone and/or an immune suppressing drug. This treatment often improves symptoms, however complete recovery is rare. Surgery may be recommended for people with advanced or severe IHP. Some people with IHP have no symptoms and may not need treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021156 biolink:NamedThing hypophysitis Inflammation of the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005722 biolink:NamedThing croup Acute upper respiratory airways infection that results in the swelling of the larynx. It is usually caused by parainfluenza viruses. Signs include a characteristic barking cough and stridor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041366 biolink:NamedThing acute epiglottitis Acute form of epiglottitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002652 biolink:NamedThing anus adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising in the anal canal epithelium, including the mucosal surface, the anal glands, and the lining of fistulous tracts. The prognosis is related to the stage at diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002734 biolink:NamedThing anal mucinous adenocarcinoma An anal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of mucoid stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002735 biolink:NamedThing anal canal adenocarcinoma An anal adenocarcinoma arising from the anal canal mucosa. Morphologically, it resembles the adenocarcinoma which arises from the colorectal glandular epithelium. Symptoms include anal pruritus, discomfort when sitting, pain, change in bowel habit, and bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004266 biolink:NamedThing anal gland adenocarcinoma An anal adenocarcinoma arising from the epithelium of the anal glands. The overlying anal mucosa does not show evidence of neoplastic changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002748 biolink:NamedThing rectum mucinous adenocarcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma of the rectum characterized by the presence of pools of extracellular mucin. Malignant glandular epithelial cells are present in the mucin collections. Mucin constitutes more than 50% of the lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006081 biolink:NamedThing anal melanoma A melanoma arising from the anus. Clinical presentation includes rectal bleeding, tenesmus, pain, and change in bowel habit. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007108 biolink:NamedThing anal canal carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the anal canal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002658 biolink:NamedThing iris cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021229 biolink:NamedThing ciliary body neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021485 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of iris A benign neoplasm that involves the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002664 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct signet ring cell carcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of signet ring malignant epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002665 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the extrahepatic bile duct DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002670 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the hepatopancreatic ampulla DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002739 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct mucinous adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of extracellular mucin that constitutes more than fifty-percent of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003708 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct small cell adenocarcinoma An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004039 biolink:NamedThing papillary extrahepatic bile duct adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004081 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct clear cell adenocarcinoma A morphologic variant of extrahepatic bile duct adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelium composed of clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002666 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic signet ring cell adenocarcinoma A rare pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis. It is characterized by the presence of malignant signet ring cells infiltrating the pancreatic parenchyma in an individual cell pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002667 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder signet ring cell adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of signet ring malignant epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002672 biolink:NamedThing acinar prostate adenocarcinoma, signet ring variant A morphologic variant of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of signet ring malignant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003768 biolink:NamedThing signet ring cell variant cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma A rare cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of signet ring cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003891 biolink:NamedThing bladder signet ring cell adenocarcinoma A signet ring cell carcinoma that involves the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004346 biolink:NamedThing signet ring cell intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma An intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma characterized by the presence of signet ring adenocarcinoma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004829 biolink:NamedThing Krukenberg carcinoma Metastatic signet-ring cell carcinoma to the ovary. The primary site is the gastrointestinal tract or breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003707 biolink:NamedThing distal biliary tract carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the common bile duct distal to the insertion of the cystic duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006203 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct squamous cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is composed entirely by malignant squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017590 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of the ampulla of vater A carcinoma arising from the ampulla of Vater. The vast majority of cases are adenocarcinomas. Signs and symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021299 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of extrahepatic bile duct A in situ carcinoma that involves the extrahepatic bile duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005184 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma An infiltrating adenocarcinoma that arises from the epithelial cells of the pancreas. It affects males more often than females and the patients are usually over 50 years of age. Microscopically it is characterized by the presence of glandular (ductal) differentiation and desmoplastic stroma formation. Signs and symptoms include pain, loss of weight, and jaundice. It grows rapidly and is usually detected after it has metastasized to other anatomic sites. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004287 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic foamy gland adenocarcinoma A pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of adenocarcinoma cells with foamy cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004340 biolink:NamedThing mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of pancreas A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas showing a mixture of ductal and neuroendocrine malignant cells in both the primary tumor and in the metastatic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004341 biolink:NamedThing colloid carcinoma of the pancreas An infiltrating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, characterized by the presence of malignant cells floating in pools of mucin. It has a more favorable prognosis than the conventional infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma. It often arises in association with intraductal pancreatic mucinous neoplasms and in some cases it may result in the development of pseudomyxoma peritonei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006478 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma A carcinoma with poor prognosis that arises from the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of a significant malignant component that does not show differentiation. The malignant cells represent a mixture of large, pleomorphic cells and giant cells, or adenocarcinoma cells and spindle cells, or spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004067 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder mucinous adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of extracellular mucin that constitutes more than fifty-percent of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004148 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder papillary neoplasm with an associated invasive carcinoma An intraluminal papillary neoplasm, usually with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia, that arises from the gallbladder. It is associated with the presence of an invasive carcinoma. The carcinomatous component is usually an adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004149 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder pleomorphic giant cell adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002669 biolink:NamedThing ampullary signet ring cell adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the ampulla of Vater. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of mucin-containing signet-ring cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002736 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater mucinous adenocarcinoma A carcinoma with glandular differentiation arising from the ampulla of Vater. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of mucoid stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003388 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater clear cell adenocarcinoma A carcinoma with glandular differentiation arising from the ampulla of Vater. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of glycogen-rich cells with hyperchromatic nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004465 biolink:NamedThing periampullary adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the periampullary region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003490 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater squamous cell carcinoma A carcinoma with squamous differentiation arising from the ampulla of Vater. Signs and symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004117 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the ampulla of Vater and the periampullary region. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of small malignant cells, necrosis, and a high mitotic rate. Signs and symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003959 biolink:NamedThing breast large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma A poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of large neuroendocrine cells and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004953 biolink:NamedThing invasive ductal breast carcinoma The most common type of invasive breast carcinoma, accounting for approximately 70% of breast carcinomas. The gross appearance is usually typical with an irregular stellate outline. Microscopically, randomly arranged epithelial elements are seen. When large sheets of malignant cells are present, necrosis may be seen. With adequate tissue sampling, in situ carcinoma can be demonstrated in association with the infiltrating carcinoma. The in situ component is nearly always ductal but occasionally may be lobular or both. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005051 biolink:NamedThing invasive lobular breast carcinoma An infiltrating lobular adenocarcinoma of the breast. The malignant cells lack cohesion and are arranged individually or in a linear manner (Indian files), or as narrow trabeculae within the stroma. The malignant cells are usually smaller than those of ductal carcinoma, are less pleomorphic, and have fewer mitotic figures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006043 biolink:NamedThing metaplastic breast carcinoma A group of invasive breast carcinomas characterized by the presence of an adenocarcinomatous component which is admixed with a dominant component that is composed of squamous cells, spindle cells, or mesenchymal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004164 biolink:NamedThing lymphoepithelioma-like acinar prostate adenocarcinoma A variant of prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells forming syncytial patterns and dense lymphocytic infiltrates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006066 biolink:NamedThing acinar prostate adenocarcinoma, foamy gland variant A variant of acinar prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with abundant xanthomatous appearing cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006067 biolink:NamedThing acinar prostate mucinous adenocarcinoma A usually aggressive morphologic variant of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of lakes of extracellular mucin. This diagnosis applies when at least 25% of the resected tumor contains extracellular mucin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002676 biolink:NamedThing adult fibrosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of fibroblasts. It is characterized by collagen production and a herringbone architectural pattern. It is more commonly seen in middle-aged and older adults. It usually affects the deep soft tissues of extremities, trunk, head and neck. Adult fibrosarcomas may recur and metastasize to the lungs and bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004557 biolink:NamedThing congenital fibrosarcoma A fibrosarcoma that occurs in infants. It shares identical morphologic features with adult fibrosarcoma but carries the t(12;15)(p13;q25) translocation that results in ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion. It usually affects the superficial and deep soft tissues of the extremities. The prognosis is generally much more favorable than for adult fibrosarcoma, and it rarely metastasizes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002679 biolink:NamedThing cerebral infarction An ischemic condition of the brain, producing a persistent focal neurological deficit in the area of distribution of the cerebral arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005426 biolink:NamedThing MRI defined brain infarct An infarct detected by MRI and not determined to be clinically significant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006686 biolink:NamedThing brain stem infarction Infarctions that occur in the brain stem which is comprised of the midbrain; pons; and medulla oblongata. There are several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006639 biolink:NamedThing adrenal cortex carcinoma A rare, usually large (greater than 5cm), malignant epithelial tumor arising from the adrenal cortical cells. Symptoms are usually related to the excessive production of hormones, and include Cushing's syndrome and virilism in women. Common sites of metastasis include liver, lung, bone, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Advanced radiologic procedures have enabled the detection of small tumors, resulting in the improvement of the 5-year survival. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015523 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid hemangioendothelioma A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and nests, which are embedded in a myxoid to hyalinized stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040676 biolink:NamedThing great vessel cancer A malignant neoplasm arising from the great vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002772 biolink:NamedThing intraventricular meningioma A meningioma that affects the ventricles of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019134 biolink:NamedThing central neurocytoma Central neurocytoma is a very rare brain tumor of young adults (over 100 cases reported worldwide). It is typically found in the lateral ventricles and occasionally in the third ventricle. Symptoms are those of increased intracranial pressure: headache, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, vision problems and mental changes. Total removal of the tumor is the therapy of choice. Post-operative prognosis is generally good. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002683 biolink:NamedThing adult choroid plexus neoplasm A choroid plexus neoplasm that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002684 biolink:NamedThing atypical choroid plexus papilloma A choroid plexus papilloma characterized by increased mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002786 biolink:NamedThing diencephalic cancer A cancer involving a diencephalon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003145 biolink:NamedThing supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified arising from the supratentorial region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006735 biolink:NamedThing duodenogastric reflux Retrograde flow of duodenal contents (bile acids; pancreatic juice) into the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004567 biolink:NamedThing ileus Decrease in peristalsis in the absence of a mechanical bowel obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004570 biolink:NamedThing intestinal volvulus Twisting of a loop of bowel that results in intestinal obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004571 biolink:NamedThing intestinal impaction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002692 biolink:NamedThing intracranial sinus thrombosis Formation or presence of a blood clot (thrombus) in the cranial sinuses, large endothelium-lined venous channels situated within the skull. Intracranial sinuses, also called cranial venous sinuses, include the superior sagittal, cavernous, lateral, petrous sinuses, and many others. Cranial sinus thrombosis can lead to severe headache; seizure; and other neurological defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002693 biolink:NamedThing lateral sinus thrombosis Formation or presence of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lateral sinuses. This condition is often associated with ear infections (otitis media or mastoiditis) without antibiotic treatment. In developed nations, lateral sinus thrombosis can result from craniocerebral trauma; brain neoplasms; neurosurgical procedures; thrombophilia; and other conditions. Clinical features include headache; vertigo; and increased intracranial pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002694 biolink:NamedThing cavernous sinus thrombosis Formation or presence of a blood clot (thrombus) in the cavernous sinus of the brain. Infections of the paranasal sinuses and adjacent structures, craniocerebral trauma, and thrombophilia are associated conditions. Clinical manifestations include dysfunction of cranial nerves iii, iv, V, and vi, marked periorbital swelling, chemosis, fever, and visual loss. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p711) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002695 biolink:NamedThing sagittal sinus thrombosis Formation or presence of a blood clot (thrombus) in the superior sagittal sinus or the inferior sagittal sinus. Sagittal sinus thrombosis can result from infections, hematological disorders, craniocerebral trauma; and neurosurgical procedures. Clinical features are primarily related to the increased intracranial pressure causing headache; nausea; and vomiting. Severe cases can evolve to seizures or coma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037252 biolink:NamedThing thecoma An ovarian or testicular stromal tumor characterized by the presence of lipid-rich neoplastic spindle cells. In females, uterine bleeding is the most common symptom. A minority of post-menopausal women with thecoma have an associated endometrial adenocarcinoma or rarely a malignant mixed mullerian tumor or endometrial stromal sarcoma. Rare cases with nuclear atypia and mitotic activity may metastasize. In males, thecomas are rare and they usually present as slow growing, sometimes painful masses. Metastases have not been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700036 biolink:NamedThing fibrothecoma A sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by mixed features of both fibroma and thecoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002697 biolink:NamedThing ovarian gonadoblastoma A neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed of tissues that resemble dysgerminoma or seminoma and are admixed with sex cord tissues. It is found in children or young adults and usually is associated with secondary sex organs abnormalities. The majority of patients present as phenotypic females with virilization. The minority of patients present as phenotypic males with feminization. It typically affects both gonads. If a malignant germ cell component is present, it may metastasize to other anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018172 biolink:NamedThing malignant sex cord stromal tumor of ovary Malignant sex cord stromal tumor (SCST) of ovary is a rare ovarian cancer arising from granulosa, theca, sertoli and leydig cells or stromal fibroblasts, occurring at any age and presenting with abdominal or pelvic mass, and characterized (with the exception of fibroma) by the production of sex steroids resulting in manifestations of hormone excess, with a relatively favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020542 biolink:NamedThing malignant Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of ovary Malignant Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of ovary is a rare malignant sex cord stromal tumor of ovary occuring typically in young women and characterized by manifestations of androgen excess (hirsutism, hair loss, amenorrhea, or oligomenorrhea), when functional. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020543 biolink:NamedThing theca steroid-producing cell malignant tumor of ovary, not further specified Malignant steroid cell tumor of the ovary, not otherwise specified is a rare malignant sex cord stromal tumor of ovary of unknown histological lineage, occurring in adult women, characterized, in most cases, by manifestations of androgen excess (hirsutism, hair loss, amenorrhea, or oligomenorrhea) and, occasionally, Cushing syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002701 biolink:NamedThing ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma An invasive cystic adenocarcinoma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. The malignant cells invade the ovarian stroma and the cystic spaces contain mucoid material. In a minority of cases both ovaries are involved by the tumor. The prognosis for stage I tumors is excellent. Patients with metastases usually have a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002702 biolink:NamedThing ovarian cystadenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of cystic structures. It includes the serous cystadenocarcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and clear cell cystadenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004222 biolink:NamedThing ovarian clear cell cystadenocarcinoma A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of clear and hobnail cells and cystic structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005601 biolink:NamedThing ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. There is cellular atypia, increased layering of cells, complexity of glands, and papillary formations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005858 biolink:NamedThing mucinous cystadenocarcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic changes and the presence of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002703 biolink:NamedThing appendix mucinous cystadenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the appendix, characterized by the presence of mucinous stroma formation and cystic structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004156 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic mucinous cystadenocarcinoma A mucinous cystadenocarcinoma that involves the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003191 biolink:NamedThing rete ovarii adenocarcinoma An exceptionally rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the rete ovarii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005211 biolink:NamedThing ovarian serous adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelium of the fallopian tube or, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features and marked nuclear atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006045 biolink:NamedThing ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of clear and hobnail cells. It is highly associated with ovarian endometriosis, pelvic endometriosis and paraendocrine hypercalcemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006335 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the ovary. It comprises 10% to 25% of all primary ovarian carcinomas. Grossly, endometrioid carcinoma may present as a cystic or solid mass. Microscopically, the tumor greatly resembles the appearance of the ordinary type of endometrial adenocarcinoma. As a group, endometrioid carcinoma has a prognosis twice as good as that of serous or mucinous carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002867 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma A cystic adenocarcinoma that arises from the pancreas. It includes the acinar cell and serous cystadenocarcinoma subtypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018535 biolink:NamedThing biliary cystadenocarcinoma A cystadenocarcinoma that involves the biliary tree. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018330 biolink:NamedThing mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix is a very rare, slow growing, well-differentiated epithelial neoplasm of the appendix characterized by abundant mucin production. Clinically, it presents as acute appendicitis (with abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis) or as pseudomyxoma peritonei (wide-spread presence of mucin within the peritoneal cavity), however some patients may be completely asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. In many cases, a second gastrointestinal malignancy is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017048 biolink:NamedThing pseudomyxoma peritonei Pseudomyxoma peritonei is characterized by disseminated intra-peritoneal mucinous tumors and mucinous ascites in the abdomen and pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002707 biolink:NamedThing breast mucinous carcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of islands of small and uniform cells, surrounded by large amounts of mucin. Pure mucinous breast carcinomas generally have a favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003208 biolink:NamedThing breast secretory carcinoma A rare, low grade invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of cells that secrete milk-like material. Morphologically, it usually appears as a circumscribed lesion, composed of cystic spaces, tubular structures, and solid areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003390 biolink:NamedThing glycogen-rich clear cell breast carcinoma An uncommon, usually aggressive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of clear cells that contain glycogen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003936 biolink:NamedThing invasive tubular breast carcinoma An invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast with a favorable prognosis. It is composed of tubular structures lined by a single layer of epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004288 biolink:NamedThing scirrhous breast carcinoma An infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma associated with stromal fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004984 biolink:NamedThing basal-like breast carcinoma A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of genes characteristic of basal epithelial cells, including KRT5 and KRT17, annexin 8, CX3CL1, and TRIM29, and usually by lack of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It is the most common subtype of breast cancer associated with BRCA1 mutations, and is associated with a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005050 biolink:NamedThing invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma An invasive ductal breast carcinoma associated with a lobular carcinomatous component. The lobular carcinomatous component may be in situ or invasive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005063 biolink:NamedThing medullary breast carcinoma An infiltrating breast carcinoma with a relatively favorable prognosis. It is an uncommon carcinoma, accounting for less than 1% of all infiltrating breast carcinomas. It is well circumscribed, with soft cut surface and often of considerable size. Microscopically, the predominant growth pattern is syncytial with broad anastomosing bands or sheets of malignant cells. The malignant cells are round with abundant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei. The sheets of malignant cells are associated with a marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Glandular or tubular structures are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006050 biolink:NamedThing pleomorphic breast carcinoma A rare, aggressive, high grade invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified. It is characterized by the presence of pleomorphic and bizarre malignant cells that constitute more than 50 percent of the malignant cellular infiltrate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002744 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube mucinous adenocarcinoma An extremely rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. The cases that have been reported are predominantly in situ mucinous adenocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002747 biolink:NamedThing endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma A primary, usually low grade adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in which the majority of the malignant epithelial cells contain abundant intracytoplasmic mucin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002710 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating angiolipoma An uncommon lipoma characterized by prominent vascularity that invades the surrounding deep tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002712 biolink:NamedThing epidural spinal canal angiolipoma An uncommon lipoma characterized by prominent vascularity that arises in the epidural space of the spinal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003545 biolink:NamedThing intradural extramedullary spinal canal neoplasm A neoplasm that occurs within the spinal canal in the space between the spinal cord and the dura mater. Representative examples include meningioma, neurofibroma, and sarcoma. Signs and symptoms include local and radicular pain, weakness and spinal cord compression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003731 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system teratoma A mature or immature teratoma affecting the central nervous system and occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003733 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system mature teratoma A teratoma composed exclusively of fully differentiated, 'adult-type' tissue elements that are sometimes arranged in a pattern resembling normal tissue relationships. Mitotic activity is low or absent. The more common ectodermal components present in a mature teratoma include skin, brain and choroid plexus. The more common mesodermal components include cartilage, bone, fat and muscle (both smooth and striated). And the most common endodermal components are cysts lined by epithelia of respiratory or enteric type and in some cases pancreatic or hepatic tissue. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003735 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system immature teratoma A variant of teratoma composed of incompletely differentiated components resembling fetal tissues. Even if the immature component is only a minor element of an otherwise differentiated teratoma, the tumor is still classified as immature. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004015 biolink:NamedThing pineal region teratoma A mature or immature teratoma that arises in the pineal region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004216 biolink:NamedThing pineal region germinoma A germinoma that arises from the pineal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019500 biolink:NamedThing extragonadal teratoma Extragonadal teratoma is an extremely rare, benign or malignant germ cell tumor characterized, clinically, by a teratoma presenting in an extragonadal location (e.g. retroperitoneum, mediastinum, craniofacial or sacrococcygeal region, intraosseous, solid organs) and, histologically, by displaying well-differentiated structures, as well as immature elements. Presenting symptoms are variable depending on size and location of tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002720 biolink:NamedThing sella turcica neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that occurs in sella turcica. Representative examples include craniopharyngioma and pituitary gland adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004201 biolink:NamedThing pituitary hypoplasia Incomplete development of the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005152 biolink:NamedThing hypopituitarism A condition of diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more hormones from the anterior pituitary gland. This may result from surgical or radiation ablation, non-secretory pituitary neoplasms, metastatic tumors, infarction, pituitary apoplexy, infiltrative or granulomatous processes, and other conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006802 biolink:NamedThing inappropriate ADH syndrome A syndrome characterized by abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone in conjunction with neoplastic growth occurring anywhere in the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024468 biolink:NamedThing anterior pituitary gland disorder A disease that involves the adenohypophysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002724 biolink:NamedThing mast cell neoplasm A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the abnormal growth and accumulation of mast cells in one or more organ systems. Recent data suggest that most variants of mast cell neoplasms are clonal disorders. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005170 biolink:NamedThing myeloid neoplasm Proliferation of myeloid cells originating from a primitive stem cell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002726 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous solitary mastocytoma A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003079 biolink:NamedThing mastocytoma A localized tumor composed of sheets of mast cells without atypia. It includes the cutaneous mastocytoma which involves the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, and the extracutaneous mastocytoma. Most cases of extracutaneous mastocytoma have been reported in the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003721 biolink:NamedThing kidney osteogenic sarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005006 biolink:NamedThing clear cell sarcoma of kidney A rare pediatric sarcoma affecting the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid or spindle cells forming cords or nests, separated by fibrovascular septa. It is associated with internal tandem duplications in the BCOR gene. It metastasizes to lung, bone, brain and soft tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003639 biolink:NamedThing lung hilum neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the hilar region of the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017036 biolink:NamedThing Langerhans cell histiocytosis in childhood and adulthood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021531 biolink:NamedThing fibroma of lung A fibroma that involves the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021540 biolink:NamedThing hamartoma of lung A hamartoma (disease) that involves the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024813 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary sulcus neoplasm A neoplasm originating from the apical lung. Most superior sulcus neoplasms are bronchogenic carcinomas. This tumor may be associated with Pancoast syndrome. It is also known as Pancoast tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037105 biolink:NamedThing lung germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that arises from the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004129 biolink:NamedThing cloacogenic carcinoma An anal carcinoma arising from the transitional zone of the anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004707 biolink:NamedThing anal canal carcinoma in situ A carcinoma in situ involving a anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004078 biolink:NamedThing mucinous intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma An intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that produces abundant mucin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002740 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament mucinous adenocarcinoma A rare mucinous adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003384 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament clear cell adenocarcinoma A clear cell adenocarcinoma of the uterine ligament composed mainly of clear or hobnob cells. The clear cells are large, bizarre, and multinucleated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003626 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament serous adenocarcinoma A rare serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003663 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament endometrioid adenocarcinoma A rare endometrioid adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament. Some of the reported cases were associated with endometriosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004537 biolink:NamedThing intestinal variant cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma that resembles the large intestinal adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004538 biolink:NamedThing endocervical type cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells that resemble those of the endocervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006140 biolink:NamedThing cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma, minimal deviation variant A rare, extremely well differentiated cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma in which most of the neoplastic glands cannot be distinguished from the normal endocervical glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006141 biolink:NamedThing cervical villoglandular adenocarcinoma A cervical adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a prominent villoglandular pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0200000 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament adenosarcoma An extremely rare adenosarcoma that arises from the uterine ligament. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003383 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube clear cell adenocarcinoma A rare adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube composed of malignant glandular epithelium containing clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003535 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube papillary adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube and is characterized by a papillary architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003666 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube endometrioid adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube and resembles the endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus. It usually has a favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006208 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube serous adenocarcinoma A serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is usually a high grade invasive adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002833 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube transitional cell carcinoma A rare transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004489 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube gestational choriocarcinoma A malignant trophoblastic tumor that arises from the fallopian tube during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006207 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube carcinosarcoma A carcinosarcoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It usually affects postmenopausal women and presents with abdominal pain, abdominal distension or genital bleeding. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003991 biolink:NamedThing villoglandular endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of numerous finger-like villi lined by neoplastic columnar cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004019 biolink:NamedThing oxyphilic endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of eosinophilic malignant glandular epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004174 biolink:NamedThing secretory uterine corpus endometrioid adenocarcinoma An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells containing glycogen vacuoles which are usually subnuclear and reminiscent of early secretory endometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004175 biolink:NamedThing mucin-rich endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004220 biolink:NamedThing endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma with spindled epithelial cells A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of spindled malignant epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004321 biolink:NamedThing endometrial mixed adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma that arises from the endometrium and is characterized by the presence of both type I and type II endometrial adenocarcinoma components. The minor component constitutes at least 5% of the entire tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006191 biolink:NamedThing endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma A clear cell adenocarcinoma that involves the endometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002750 biolink:NamedThing bladder colloid adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003386 biolink:NamedThing bladder clear cell adenocarcinoma A rare morphologic variant of bladder adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells distributed in a tubulo-cystic, papillary, or diffuse pattern. There is a female predilection. Clinical presentation includes hematuria and dysuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003938 biolink:NamedThing bladder colonic type adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004331 biolink:NamedThing bladder urachal adenocarcinoma A adenocarcinoma that involves the urachus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004458 biolink:NamedThing bladder mixed adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004459 biolink:NamedThing bladder hepatoid adenocarcinoma A hepatoid adenocarcinoma that involves the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003715 biolink:NamedThing bladder urachal carcinoma Urachal cancer is a type of bladder cancer, making up less than 1% of all bladder cancers. The urachus is a structure normally only present during development in the womb that connects the bellybutton and the bladder. This connection normally disappears before birth, but in some people remains. Urachalcancers are usually diagnosed in adults in their 50's and 60's and may develop at the dome or anterior wall of the bladder, along the midline of the body (including the belly button), and between the pubis symphasis and the bladder.Most urachal cancersare adenocarcinomas (cancers that develop from gland cells).Others may besarcomas (which develop from connective tissue -such as leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma), small cell carcinomas, transitional cell cancer, and mixed neoplasias. Most individuals with urachal cancer have symptoms of with hematuria (blood in urine). Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, a palpable abdominal mass, mucinuria, and bacteriuria. Treatment usually involved surgery to remove the cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004114 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma A highly aggressive carcinoma, histologically resembling small cell lung carcinoma. In most cases it is associated with carcinoma in situ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004182 biolink:NamedThing stage IVb bladder cancer Stage IV includes T4b, NO,MO/any T NI, MO/ any T N2 MO,/ any T N3 MO/ any T any N M1 : T4b: Tumor invades the pelvic wall, abdominal wall. N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node, more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm in greatest dimension; or multiple lymph nodes, none more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. M1: Distant metastasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004200 biolink:NamedThing superficial urinary bladder carcinoma A term used by urologists to describe an infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder that has not invaded into the muscularis propria of the bladder wall regardless of histologic type or grade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005611 biolink:NamedThing bladder transitional cell carcinoma The most common morphologic subtype of urinary bladder carcinoma (over 90% of cases). It arises from the transitional epithelium. It most often affects males in their sixth and seventh decades of life. Hematuria is the most common symptom at presentation. Pathologic stage is the strongest predictor of survival. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022578 biolink:NamedThing childhood bladder carcinoma A rare carcinoma of the bladder that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003792 biolink:NamedThing ovarian carcinosarcoma A highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the ovary. Morphologically, it is a high grade tumor, composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004031 biolink:NamedThing ovary mixed epithelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006343 biolink:NamedThing ovarian transitional cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that resemble malignant urothelial cells. There is no morphologic evidence of a benign or borderline Brenner tumor component present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006477 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma An aggressive carcinoma arising from the ovary. Most patients present with advanced disease. Microscopically, it is characterized by significant cytologic atypia, increased mitotic activity, and necrosis. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100514 biolink:NamedThing familial ovarian carcinoma Ovarian carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients that have a history of ovarian carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002754 biolink:NamedThing extramedullary plasmacytoma A plasma cell neoplasm arising at an extraosseous site. There is no involvement of the bone marrow. It most frequently involves the oropharynx, nasopharynx, sinuses, and larynx. Other sites of involvement include the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, breast, skin, lymph nodes, and bladder. A minority of patients have a monoclonal gammopathy. Treatment includes radiation therapy. Progression to plasma cell myeloma occurs in a minority of patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005615 biolink:NamedThing plasmacytoma Plasmacytoma is a localized mass of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells that represents approximately 5% of all plasma cell neoplasms. There are two separate entities: primary plasmacytoma of the bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma of the soft tissues. Of the extramedullary plasmacytomas, 80% occur in the head and neck, usually in the upper respiratory tract. The median age at diagnosis is 50 years and the male to female ratio is 3:1. Long-term survival is possible following local radiotherapy, particularly for soft tissue presentations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002755 biolink:NamedThing solitary osseous plasmacytoma A localized, clonal (malignant) plasma cell infiltrate in the bone, without peripheral blood involvement. The most commonly affected bones are the vertebrae, ribs, skull, pelvis and femur. X-rays examination reveals a solitary lytic lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015042 biolink:NamedThing primary plasmacytoma of the bone DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015043 biolink:NamedThing extramedullary soft tissue plasmacytoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002757 biolink:NamedThing acute allergic sanguinous otitis media A acute sanguinous otitis media caused by an allergen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002758 biolink:NamedThing vulva verrucous carcinoma A highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of a warty and hyperkeratinized surface, malignant cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, minimal cytologic atypia, and absence or rarity of mitotic figures. The tumor infiltrates the underlying stroma with a pushing border. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006006 biolink:NamedThing verrucous carcinoma A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern, acanthosis, mild cytologic atypia, and pushing tumor margins. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, vulva, and the plantar region of the foot. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002759 biolink:NamedThing bladder verrucous carcinoma A verrucous carcinoma that involves the urinary bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002761 biolink:NamedThing cervical verrucous carcinoma A highly differentiated variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of a warty surface and stromal invasion with pushing borders. The malignant cells have abundant cytoplasm and minimal nuclear atypia. Koilocytosis is not present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002762 biolink:NamedThing esophagus verrucous carcinoma A rare variant of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It is an exophytic, cauliflower-like or papillary mass that can arise in any part of the esophagus. This variant of squamous cell carcinoma grows slowly and invades locally, with a very low metastasizing potential. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002763 biolink:NamedThing urethral verrucous carcinoma A verrucous carcinoma that involves the urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002766 biolink:NamedThing larynx verrucous carcinoma A well differentaited, non-metastasizing squamous cell carcinoma arising from the larynx. It is an exophytic, warty, and slow growing tumor affecting predominantly older men. It is associated with tobacco smoking. Symptoms include hoarseness, airway obstruction, weight loss, dysphagia, and throat pain. If left untreated, it may cause extensive local destruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003698 biolink:NamedThing penis verrucous carcinoma A slow growing, locally recurring, very well differentiated papillary squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by the presence of acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. The neoplastic infiltrate extends into the underlying stroma with a pushing border. Koilocytotic atypia is not present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002955 biolink:NamedThing vulva basal cell carcinoma A slow growing, locally infiltrating carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that resemble the basal cells that are present in the epidermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004053 biolink:NamedThing bartholin gland squamous cell carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004090 biolink:NamedThing vulvar basaloid squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of nests of malignant basaloid cells with a scant amount of cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004199 biolink:NamedThing vulvar keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of keratin pearls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004212 biolink:NamedThing vulvar keratoacanthoma-like carcinoma A rapidly growing squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is self-limited and is characterized by the presence of a central crater that contains squamous cells. The proliferating squamous cells infiltrate the dermis below and produce keratin masses that are pushed towards the surface of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004213 biolink:NamedThing vulvar non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the absence of keratin pearls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003714 biolink:NamedThing bladder urachal squamous cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004088 biolink:NamedThing cervical basaloid carcinoma An aggressive variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of nests of malignant basaloid squamous cells with scant amount of cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004239 biolink:NamedThing cervical keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of keratin pearls. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization are usually present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004296 biolink:NamedThing cervical lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of islands of cells with uniform, vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli and a dense lymphocytic infiltrate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004413 biolink:NamedThing cervical non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of polygonal squamous cells. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization may be present, but keratin pearls are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004552 biolink:NamedThing microinvasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma A cervical squamous cell carcinoma with minimal stromal invasion. The risk of lymph node metastasis is low. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016287 biolink:NamedThing adenoid basal carcinoma of the cervix uteri A skin adenoid basal cell carcinoma that involves the uterine cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003550 biolink:NamedThing esophageal adenosquamous carcinoma An esophageal carcinoma characterized by the presence of distinguishable squamous and glandular carcinomatous components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004093 biolink:NamedThing esophageal basaloid carcinoma A rare morphologic variant of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Histologically, it is composed of closely packed cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and scant basophilic cytoplasm. It has a similar prognosis to the conventional squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018481 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated carcinoma of esophagus An esophageal carcinoma characterized by the absence of microscopic features of squamous differentiation. However, there is immunohistochemical evidence of squamous differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002836 biolink:NamedThing urethra transitional cell carcinoma A transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the male or female urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003975 biolink:NamedThing Littre gland carcinoma A carcinoma involving a male urethral gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004080 biolink:NamedThing glottis squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that arises from the glottic area. It may remain localized for a long period then in late disease stage, it may spread to the opposite true vocal cord, supraglottic and subglottic areas, and the soft tissues of the neck. Hoarseness is the presenting symptom. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004291 biolink:NamedThing subglottis squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that arises from the subglottic area. Symptoms include dyspnea and stridor. It spreads to the hypopharynx, trachea, and thyroid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004293 biolink:NamedThing supraglottis squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that arises from the supraglottic area. Signs and symptoms include dysphagia, a sensation of foreign body in the throat, and hemoptysis. It spreads to the space anterior to the epiglottis, pyriform sinus, and base of the tongue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002769 biolink:NamedThing leukorrhea Whitish or yellowish mucosal vaginal discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015265 biolink:NamedThing bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome A lung disorder that is mainly associated with chronic allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation and that is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of bronchiolar walls that reduce the diameter of the bronchioles and result in progressive and irreversible airflow obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017014 biolink:NamedThing interstitial lung disease specific to childhood A interstitial lung disease that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017018 biolink:NamedThing isolated pulmonary capillaritis Isolated pauciimmune pulmonary capillaritis is a small vessel vasculitis restricted to the lungs that may induce diffuse alveolar hemorrhage with dyspnea, anemia, chest pain, hemoptysis, bilateral and diffuse alveolar infiltrates at chest X-rays, without any underlying systemic disease. ANCA are frequently positive but could be negative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017030 biolink:NamedThing interstitial lung disease in childhood and adulthood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003261 biolink:NamedThing papillary meningioma of the cerebellum A papillary meningioma that affects the cerebellum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004046 biolink:NamedThing childhood brain meningioma A brain meningioma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004440 biolink:NamedThing pineal region meningioma A meningioma that affects the pineal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004446 biolink:NamedThing olfactory groove meningioma A meningioma that affects the olfactory sulcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004447 biolink:NamedThing pituitary stalk meningioma A meningioma that affects the pituitary stalk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024648 biolink:NamedThing optic tract meningioma A meningioma that affects the visual pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016746 biolink:NamedThing meningeal melanocytoma A usually well differentiated melanocytic neoplasm arising from the meninges. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid, fusiform, polyhedral, and spindle melanocytes without evidence of hemorrhage, necrosis, or high mitotic activity. Presenting symptoms include headache, vomiting, and neurological manifestations. Complete excision is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020635 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic meningioma A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the presence of malignant morphologic features, including malignant cytology and a very high mitotic index (20 or more mitoses per ten high power fields). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002779 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system chondroma An extraskeletal chondroma usually arising from the dura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021527 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of meninges A benign neoplasm that involves the meningeal cluster. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002787 biolink:NamedThing adamantinous craniopharyngioma A craniopharyngioma consisting of broad strands, cords and bridges of a multistratified squamous epithelium with peripheral palisading of nuclei. Diagnostic features include nodules of compact 'wet' keratin and dystrophic calcification. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002788 biolink:NamedThing papillary craniopharyngioma A craniopharyngioma composed of sheets of squamous epithelium which separate to form pseudopapillae. This variant typically lacks nuclear palisading, wet keratin, calcification, and cholesterol deposits. Clinically, endocrine deficiencies are more often associated with papillary craniopharyngioma than with the adamantinomatous type. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002789 biolink:NamedThing hemangiopericytic tumor A term that refers to vascular neoplasms with a prominent hemangiopericytic growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017349 biolink:NamedThing myopericytoma A usually slow growing, subcutaneous nodular neoplasm arising from myopericytes. It is composed of myoid cells arranged in a perivascular growth pattern. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100063 biolink:NamedThing Pericytoma with t(7;12) A rare soft tissue neoplasm that displays a perivascular pattern of spindle-to-ovoid cell proliferation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010108 biolink:NamedThing testicular germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor arising from the testis. Representative examples include teratoma, seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, and yolk sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003260 biolink:NamedThing adult cerebellar neoplasm A cerebellar neoplasm that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002795 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal neoplasm A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified that occurs in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016715 biolink:NamedThing ependymoblastoma Ependymoblastoma is a rare type of primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) that usually occurs in young children under the age of 2 and is histologically distinguished by the production of ependymoblastic rosettes. It is associated with an aggressive course and a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003263 biolink:NamedThing childhood cerebellar neoplasm A neoplasm that affects the cerebellum and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003842 biolink:NamedThing childhood cerebellar astrocytic neoplasm Benign and malignant astrocytomas that arise from astrocytes in the cerebellum. More than 80% of childhood cerebellar astrocytomas are pilocytic astrocytomas which have a favorable prognosis. The remainder are composed of diffuse or fibrillary subtypes with malignant astrocytomas occurring only rarely in the cerebellum during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002801 biolink:NamedThing colonic pseudo-obstruction Functional obstruction of the colon leading to megacolon in the absence of obvious colonic diseases or mechanical obstruction. When this condition is acquired, acute, and coexisting with another medical condition (trauma, surgery, serious injuries or illness, or medication), it is called Ogilvie's syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002803 biolink:NamedThing intestinal pseudo-obstruction Intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a digestive disorder in whichthe intestinal walls are unable to contract normally (called hypomotility); the conditionresembles a true obstruction, but no actual blockage exists. Signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain; vomiting; diarrhea; constipation; malabsorption of nutrients leading to weight loss and/or failure to thrive ; and other symptoms. It may be classified as neuropathic (from lack of nerve function)or myopathic (from lack of muscle function), depending on the source of the abnormality. The condition is sometimes inherited (in an X-linked recessive or autosomal dominant manner)and may be caused by mutations in the FLNA gene; it may also be acquired after certain illnesses. The goal of treatment is to provide relief from symptoms andensure that nutritional support is adequate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017574 biolink:NamedThing chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare gastrointestinal motility disorder characterized by recurring episodes resembling mechanical obstruction in the absence of organic, systemic, or metabolic disorders, and without any physical obstruction being detected by X-ray or during surgery. CIPO develops predominantly in children and may be present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004568 biolink:NamedThing paralytic ileus An ileus caused by abdominal or pelvic surgery, infections, disorders that affect the muscles and nerves, and medications. Signs and symptoms include those of intestinal obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054868 biolink:NamedThing meconium ileus Small intestinal obstruction that results from the impaction of thick meconium in the distal small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002804 biolink:NamedThing apocrine adenoma A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the apocrine sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma and external auditory canal ceruminous adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003215 biolink:NamedThing apocrine sweat gland cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the apocrine sweat gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019392 biolink:NamedThing syringocystadenoma papilliferum A benign adnexal neoplasm occurring during childhood or adolescence. It usually presents as a papular lesion or a plaque on the head and neck. It may arise in an organoid nevus such as sebaceous. It is characterized by an endophytic invagination of the epithelium into the dermis. There are dermal cystic spaces present, containing villous projections. Complete excision is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002811 biolink:NamedThing main bronchus cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the main bronchus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004295 biolink:NamedThing asbestos-related lung carcinoma A carcinoma arising in the lung due to exposure to asbestos. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004499 biolink:NamedThing lung hilum carcinoma A lung carcinoma arising from the hilum of the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005233 biolink:NamedThing non-small cell lung carcinoma A group of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including non-small cell squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Non-small cell lung carcinomas have a poor response to conventional chemotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006276 biolink:NamedThing lung inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor An intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008433 biolink:NamedThing small cell lung carcinoma Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, accounting for 10-15% of lung cancer cases, characterized byrapid growth, and early metastasis. SCLC usually manifests as a large hilar mass with bulky mediastinal lymphadenopathy presenting clinically with chest pain, persistent cough, dyspnea, wheezing, hoarseness, hemoptysis, loss of appetite, weight loss, and neurological and endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes. SCLC is primarily reported in elderly people with a history of long-term tobacco exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020697 biolink:NamedThing lung epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma A lung carcinoma arising within the bronchi or bronchial tubes. It is characterized by the presence of myoepithelial cells, spindle cells, clear cells, and duct-forming epithelial cells. Surgical resection may be curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003781 biolink:NamedThing bronchitis An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the bronchi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011490 biolink:NamedThing diffuse panbronchiolitis Diffuse panbronchiolitis is a rare chronic inflammatory obstructive pulmonary disease primarily affecting the respiratory bronchioles throughout both lungs and inducing sinobronchial infection. Onset occurs in the second to fifth decade of life and manifests by chronic cough, exertional dyspnea, and sputum production. Most patients also have chronic paranasal sinusitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002808 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic serous cystadenoma A benign, non-metastasizing cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It is composed of glycogen-rich epithelial cells which produce a watery fluid. Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005177 biolink:NamedThing serous cystadenoma A serous neoplasm in which the cysts and papillae are lined by a single layer of cells without atypia, architectural complexity or invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003420 biolink:NamedThing bile duct cystadenoma An epithelial, usually multiloculated neoplasm arising from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It occurs predominantly in females. Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Morphologically, the cystic spaces are lined by columnar epithelium and contain mucinous or serous fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021091 biolink:NamedThing papillary cystadenoma A serous or mucinous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006097 biolink:NamedThing atypical lipomatous tumor An intermediate, locally aggressive lipomatous neoplasm. Microscopically, the adipose tissue contains large and pleomorphic lipoblasts, and is dissected by fibrous septa containing spindle cells. It requires a wide local excision, may recur locally, but never metastasizes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002814 biolink:NamedThing adrenal carcinoma A carcinoma involving a adrenal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003606 biolink:NamedThing adrenal medulla cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the adrenal medulla DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021312 biolink:NamedThing malignant tumor of adrenal cortex A cancer that involves the adrenal cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008192 biolink:NamedThing paragangliomas 1 Any paraganglioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009050 biolink:NamedThing Cushing disease due to pituitary adenoma Cushing's syndrome due to abnormally high secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011544 biolink:NamedThing paragangliomas 3 Any paraganglioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019615 biolink:NamedThing pituitary dermoid and epidermoid cysts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021237 biolink:NamedThing adrenal medulla neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the adrenal medulla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035540 biolink:NamedThing pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma A rare neuroendocrine tumor arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla (pheochromocytoma) or from sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia (paraganglioma). These tumors are most often benign and may produce catecholamines in excess causing hypertension and sometimes severe acute cardiovascular complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002821 biolink:NamedThing trabecular follicular adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005034 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland follicular carcinoma A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The nuclear features which characterize the thyroid gland papillary carcinoma are absent. Radiation exposure is a risk factor and it comprises approximately 10% to 15% of thyroid cancers. Clinically, it usually presents as a solitary mass in the thyroid gland. It is generally unifocal and thickly encapsulated and shows invasion of the capsule or the vessels. Diagnostic procedures include thyroid ultrasound and fine needle biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006886 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland papillary and follicular carcinoma A thyroid neoplasm of mixed papillary and follicular arrangement. Its biological behavior and prognosis is the same as that of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1271) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008566 biolink:NamedThing thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011836 biolink:NamedThing thyroid Hurthle cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014681 biolink:NamedThing thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 4 Any thyroid cancer, nonmedullary in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FOXE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014682 biolink:NamedThing thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 5 Any thyroid cancer, nonmedullary in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HABP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002828 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland transitional cell carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant urothelial-type epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004120 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland small cell carcinoma A rare neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002837 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma A poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell morphologic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006098 biolink:NamedThing atypical lobular breast hyperplasia Lobular neoplasia characterized by lobular epithelial proliferation that does not completely fill the lobular unit of the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006119 biolink:NamedThing breast mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma An extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue that arises from the breast as a primary tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006834 biolink:NamedThing lip cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002831 biolink:NamedThing non-keratinizing sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract characterized by a plexiform or ribbon-like growth pattern, cytological atypia, and lack of histological evidence of keratinization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016211 biolink:NamedThing non-papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020654 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis/ureter urothelial carcinoma A transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the renal pelvis and ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003012 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma A high grade carcinoma of the kidney. It is not a distinct clinicopathological entity and includes a diverse group of renal cell carcinomas which have been transformed from a lower to a higher grade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003573 biolink:NamedThing pleomorphic carcinoma A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of cells with significant cytologic atypia and nuclear pleomorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006279 biolink:NamedThing lung sarcomatoid carcinoma A rare, aggressive, poorly differentiated, non-small cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of a sarcomatoid component often associated with giant cell differentiation. There is a male to female ratio of 4:1. Clinical symptoms include cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, progressive dyspnea and fever secondary to recurrent pneumonia. Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045054 biolink:NamedThing cancer-related condition A disorder either associated with an increased risk for malignant transformation (e.g., intraepithelial neoplasia, leukoplakia, dysplastic nevus, myelodysplastic syndrome) or that develops as a result of the presence of an existing malignant neoplasm (e.g., paraneoplastic syndrome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016123 biolink:NamedThing muscular tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003467 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum synovial sarcoma A synovial sarcoma arising from the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003808 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal extraskeletal osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004098 biolink:NamedThing malignant melanocytic peripheral nerve sheath tumor of mediastinum A rare variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that arises from the mediastinum. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that contain melanin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003796 biolink:NamedThing rectum Kaposi sarcoma A Kaposi sarcoma arising from the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004360 biolink:NamedThing breast extraskeletal osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the breast tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006027 biolink:NamedThing breast synovial sarcoma A synovial sarcoma (disease) that involves the breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002864 biolink:NamedThing anus rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation affecting the anus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003358 biolink:NamedThing anus leiomyosarcoma An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the anus. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004481 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with an associated invasive carcinoma A pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of a focal or multifocal invasive carcinomatous component. The invasive carcinoma is either colloid or ductal adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005603 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic tubular adenocarcinoma A tubular adenocarcinoma that involves the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002868 biolink:NamedThing bile duct mucinous cystic neoplasm with an associated invasive carcinoma A mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts and it is associated with an invasive carcinomatous component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003979 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic bile duct cystadenoma A mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004462 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct cystadenoma A mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020289 biolink:NamedThing congenital tricuspid malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800108 biolink:NamedThing cleft leaflet of tricuspid valve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002871 biolink:NamedThing testicular trophoblastic tumor A tumor that arises from the testis and is composed of neoplastic trophoblastic cells. The vast majority of cases are choriocarcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005207 biolink:NamedThing choriocarcinoma An aggressive malignant tumor arising from trophoblastic cells. The vast majority of cases arise in the uterus and represent gestational choriocarcinomas that derive from placental trophoblastic cells. Approximately half of the cases develop from a complete hydatidiform mole. A minority of cases arise in the testis or the ovaries. There is often marked elevation of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. Choriocarcinomas disseminate rapidly through the hematogenous route; the lungs are most frequently affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002874 biolink:NamedThing testicular pure germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of one histologic component. This category includes seminoma, teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, and trophoblastic tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003669 biolink:NamedThing testicular seminoma A malignant germ cell tumor arising from the testis. It is believed that it is derived from the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. Treatment with radiotherapy is highly successful when the tumor is diagnosed in localized stages, which represents the majority of presentations of seminoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006447 biolink:NamedThing testicular non-seminomatous germ cell tumor A testicular germ cell tumor characterized by the absence of a seminomatous component. It includes embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, teratoma, and mixed forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003403 biolink:NamedThing testicular non-seminomatous germ cell cancer A classification of testicular cancers that arise in specialized sex cells called germ cells. Nonseminomas include embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, choriocarcinoma, and yolk sac tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003758 biolink:NamedThing childhood testicular germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that arises from the testis during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010274 biolink:NamedThing testicular germ cell tumor 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018193 biolink:NamedThing testicular teratoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016277 biolink:NamedThing malignant mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumor of cervix uteri DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002877 biolink:NamedThing cervical carcinosarcoma A mixed epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of malignant mesenchymal elements and benign or malignant epithelial elements. This category includes adenosarcoma and carcinosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016259 biolink:NamedThing carcinosarcoma of the corpus uteri An aggressive malignant mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumor that arises from the uterine corpus. It usually affects elderly postmenopausal women and presents with vaginal bleeding. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant epithelial component that is usually glandular and a sarcomatous component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004172 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus adenocarcinofibroma A adenocarcinofibroma that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016258 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus carcinofibroma An uncommon malignant neoplasm arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant epithelial component and a benign mesenchymal (usually fibrous) component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021057 biolink:NamedThing classic or attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis An inherited diseases haracterized by the development of adenomas in the rectum and colon; classified into classic FAP and attenuated FAP. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006677 biolink:NamedThing bile reflux Retrograde bile flow. Reflux of bile can be from the duodenum to the stomach (duodenogastric reflux); to the esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux); or to the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007642 biolink:NamedThing isolated agenesis of gallbladder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017394 biolink:NamedThing ketamine-induced biliary dilatation Ketamine-induced biliary dilatation is an acquired biliary tract disease caused by the abusive consumption of ketamine, which results in the fusiform dilatation of the common bile ducts (CBD) without obstructive lesions or dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary ducts. Possible manifestations of the underlying cholangiopathy include epigastric pain and impaired liver function. Severity of CBD dilatation appears to correlate with the duration of ketamine consumption and the condition has been reported to be reversible in abstinent patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018806 biolink:NamedThing primary intrahepatic lithiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008978 biolink:NamedThing chordoma Chordomas are rare malignant tumors arising from embryonic remnants of the notochord in axial skeleton. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006145 biolink:NamedThing chondroid chordoma A slow-growing malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord and occurring in the base of the skull. The tumor is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and the presence of physaliphorous cells and cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004263 biolink:NamedThing pediatric infratentorial ependymoblastoma An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered that arises from the infratentorial region and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002916 biolink:NamedThing brainstem intraparenchymal clear cell meningioma A morphologic variant of meningioma arising from the brain stem. It is characterized by the presence of clear glycogen-rich polygonal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004371 biolink:NamedThing spinal multifocal clear cell meningioma A clear cell meningioma arising in multiple areas of the spinal cord characterized by the presence of clear glycogen-rich polygonal cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002921 biolink:NamedThing congenital structural myopathy A group of rare genetic muscle disorders characterized by hypotonia, muscle weakness, and delayed development of motor skills. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008058 biolink:NamedThing cylindrical spirals myopathy Cylindrical spirals myopathy is a rare form of congenital myopathy characterized by global muscle weakness, hypotonia, myotonia and cramps in the presence of cylindrical, spiral-shaped inclusions (located in the central and/or subsacrolemmal areas of muscle fibers) in skeletal muscle biopsy. Abnormal gait, scoliosis, epileptic encephalopathy and psychomotor delay may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009671 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-myopathy-short stature-endocrine defect syndrome Intellectual disability-myopathy-short stature-endocrine defect syndrome is a rare congenital myopathy syndrome characterized by nonprogressive myopathy (manifesting with mild facial and generalized weakness, bilateral ptosis, and severe lumbar lordosis), severe intellectual disability, short stature, and sexual infantilism (due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism). The presence of a small pituitary fossa was also noted. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010591 biolink:NamedThing fingerprint body myopathy Fingerprint body myopathy is a congenital benign muscle disorder characterised by congenital hypotonia and weakness and by the presence of numerous fingerprint bodies located at the periphery of the muscle fibers. Prevalence is unknown. Less than 20 patients have been described. Few sporadic cases have been observed, as well as cases of recessive transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012929 biolink:NamedThing Compton-North congenital myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013731 biolink:NamedThing MEGF10-Related Myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014149 biolink:NamedThing fetal akinesia-cerebral and retinal hemorrhage syndrome Fetal akinesia-cerebral and retinal hemorrhage syndrome is a rare, lethal, congenital myopathy syndrome characterized by decreased fetal movements and polyhydraminos in utero and the presence of akinesia, severe hypotonia with respiratory insufficiency, absent reflexes, joint contractures, skeletal abnormalities with thin ribs and bones, intracranial and retinal hemorrhages and decreased birth weight in the neonate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014689 biolink:NamedThing Klippel-Feil anomaly-myopathy-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015755 biolink:NamedThing myopathy with hexagonally cross-linked tubular arrays Myopathy with hexagonally cross-linked tubular arrays is a rare, congenital, non-dystrophic, mild, slowly progressive, proximal myopathy characterized by exercise intolerance and post-exercise myalgia without rhabdomyolysis, associated with highly organized hexagonally cross-linked tubular arrays in skeletal muscle biopsy. Additional features may include muscle atrophy (or diffuse hypotrophy), myalgia with or without musclar weakness, paresis of truncal and limb-girdle musculature, minimal ptosis, lumbar hyperlordosis, decreased deep tendon reflexes, contractures and pes equinovarus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015765 biolink:NamedThing congenital myopathy with cores DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017936 biolink:NamedThing benign Samaritan congenital myopathy Benign Samaritan congenital myopathy is a rare, genetic, skeletal muscle disease characterized by severe neonatal hypotonia with respiratory insufficiency, delay in motor milestones, and dysmorphic features including bitemporal narrowing, epicanthal folds and hypertelorism. Affected individuals show gradual improvement in hypotonia and muscle weakness within the first two years of life resulting in minimal clinical manifestations in adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018701 biolink:NamedThing congenital nemaline myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019948 biolink:NamedThing reducing body myopathy Reducing body myopathy (RBM) is a rare muscle disorder marked by progressive muscle weakness and the presence of characteristic inclusion bodies in affected muscle fibres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100100 biolink:NamedThing SELENON-related myopathy Myopathy caused by pathogenic variants in SELENON that is congenital or present early in childhood with neonatal hypotonia, delayed motor development, axial muscle weakness, scoliosis, and significant respiratory involvement. Spinal rigidity of varying severity is often present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100150 biolink:NamedThing RYR1-related myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002923 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus endometrial stromal sarcoma A uterine corpus sarcoma originating from the endometrial stroma. It is further subdivided into low grade and high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003030 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid stromal sarcoma of the cervix A rare sarcoma that arises from the cervix. This category includes low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated endocervical sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003313 biolink:NamedThing endometrioid stromal sarcoma of the vagina A rare sarcoma that arises from the vagina. This category includes low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated vaginal sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006975 biolink:NamedThing smooth muscle tumor A benign or malignant myomatous neoplasm arising from smooth muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003744 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell intraocular melanoma A melanoma arising from the choroid, ciliary body, or the iris. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003130 biolink:NamedThing mesoblastic nephroma A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the kidney composed of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble fibroblasts or muscle cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases, mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044919 biolink:NamedThing malignant renal pelvis neoplasm A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006646 biolink:NamedThing angioleiomyoma A benign, slow-growing neoplasm that arises from the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. It is characterized by the presence of well-differentiated smooth muscle cells which are arranged around numerous vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013540 biolink:NamedThing deafness-lymphedema-leukemia syndrome Deafness - lymphedema - leukemia is a very rare, serious syndromic genetic disorder characterized by primary lymphedema, immunodeficiency, and hematological disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016237 biolink:NamedThing diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis is a rare vascular tumor from unknown origin characterized by multiple, progressive, rapidly growing cutaneous hemangiomas (e.g. in the scalp, face, trunk and extremities) associated with widespread visceral hemangiomas in the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, brain, and meninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018736 biolink:NamedThing kaposiform lymphangiomatosis A generalized lymphatic anomaly characterized by kaposiform spindled lymphatic endothelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002935 biolink:NamedThing penis basal cell carcinoma A basal cell carcinoma of the penis with an indolent clinical course. It is usually superficial and arises from the shaft and rarely the glans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002936 biolink:NamedThing scrotum basal cell carcinoma A scrotal carcinoma that involves the basal cell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002937 biolink:NamedThing nodular basal cell carcinoma A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that often appears as elevated nodules which may become ulcerated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002938 biolink:NamedThing metatypical basal cell carcinoma A skin carcinoma displaying cytological characteristics intermediate to nodular basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002939 biolink:NamedThing skin pigmented basal cell carcinoma A basal cell carcinoma that contains large amounts of melanin. The melanin is produced by symbiotic nontumoral proliferating melanocytes. - 2002. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002940 biolink:NamedThing anal margin basal cell carcinoma A basal cell carcinoma arising from the perianal skin. Local excision is the treatment of choice. Metastases are extremely rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002942 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous basal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002943 biolink:NamedThing external ear basal cell carcinoma A basal cell carcinoma that arises from the skin of the external ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002945 biolink:NamedThing micronodular basal cell carcinoma A basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of small nodules that permeate the dermis. It presents as an elevated or flat infiltrating tumor, usually in the back. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002947 biolink:NamedThing adamantinoid basal cell epithelioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002948 biolink:NamedThing skin fibroepithelial basal cell carcinoma A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as an elevated or erythematous nodular lesion usually in the back. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of cords of basaloid cells extending from the epidermis into the dermis, creating a fenestrating pattern. It follows an indolent course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002949 biolink:NamedThing morpheaform basal cell carcinoma A histologic variant of basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of strands and nests of malignant cells that are embedded in a dense fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002950 biolink:NamedThing skin clear cell basal cell carcinoma A morphologic variant of basal cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002951 biolink:NamedThing skin adenoid basal cell carcinoma A variant of basal cell carcinoma morphologically characterized by the presence of thin strands of basaloid cells forming a reticulate pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002952 biolink:NamedThing follicular basal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002953 biolink:NamedThing skin infiltrative basal cell carcinoma A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as a pale, indurated plaque, usually in the upper trunk or face. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of strands, cords, and columns of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Perineural invasion may be present and the basaloid cell infiltrate may extend into deeper tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002954 biolink:NamedThing superficial multifocal basal cell carcinoma A superficial basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of lobules of basaloid cells which are separated by large distances and represent multifocal discrete tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002956 biolink:NamedThing skin cystic basal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002957 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002958 biolink:NamedThing signet ring basal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003264 biolink:NamedThing basosquamous carcinoma A basal cell carcinoma which displays squamous differentiation. The neoplastic cells have more abundant cytoplasm with more marked keratinization than typical basal cell carcinomas. It usually has a more aggressive clinical course compared to typical basal cell carcinoma, and it may produce regional or widespread metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011465 biolink:NamedThing infundibulocystic basal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004410 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatoid penile squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004430 biolink:NamedThing penis mixed squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by a mixture of morphologic patterns (e.g., high grade squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma or warty-basaloid carcinoma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004433 biolink:NamedThing papillary carcinoma of the penis A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004671 biolink:NamedThing penis carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the penis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020656 biolink:NamedThing human papillomavirus-related penile squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is caused by human papillomavirus infection. Morphologic variants include basaloid carcinoma and warty carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004231 biolink:NamedThing spindle cell variant squamous cell breast carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped malignant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002960 biolink:NamedThing polyradiculopathy A radiculopathy that is present in more than one nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022768 biolink:NamedThing chronic polyradiculoneuritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002965 biolink:NamedThing parovarian cyst A cyst (cysts) near the ovary, derived from anomalies of the fallopian tubes or the broad ligament. The paramesonephric type consists of ciliated cells similar to the oviduct epithelium. The mesonephric type consisted of an epithelium with minimally surface structures. They can be found on the thin oviduct (paratubal cysts) or near its fimbriated end (hydatid of Morgagni). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002969 biolink:NamedThing ciliary body cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004064 biolink:NamedThing iris melanoma A uveal melanoma that arises from the iris. It is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the iris. The majority arise in preexisting nevi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021486 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of ciliary body A benign neoplasm that involves the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002982 biolink:NamedThing peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of soft tissues A small round cell tumor with neural differentiation arising from the soft tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021039 biolink:NamedThing extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor A spectrum of malignant tumors arising from the soft tissues, characterized morphologically by the presence of small round cells. Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor represent the ends of a spectrum, with Ewing sarcoma lacking evidence of neural differentiation and the markers that characterize the peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor may share cytogenetic abnormalities, proto-oncogene expression, cell culture and immunohistochemical abnormalities. Pain and the presence of a mass are the most common clinical symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002984 biolink:NamedThing reticulohistiocytic granuloma A rare cutaneous lesion composed of eosinophilic histiocytes, which are often multinucleated. The lesions are yellow-brown papules affecting any part of the body. Patients are usually adult men. The prognosis is excellent. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004612 biolink:NamedThing malignant histiocytosis Distinctive neoplastic disorders of histiocytes. Included are malignant neoplasms of macrophages and dendritic cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022338 biolink:NamedThing ALK+ histiocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002987 biolink:NamedThing spongiotic dermatitis A chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by itchiness and a rash in the chest and abdominal areas. It affects males more than females and is usually contracted at a relatively young age. It is thought to be caused by an allergic reaction to food, insect bites, or medication. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005480 biolink:NamedThing contact dermatitis An inflammatory skin condition caused by direct contact between the skin and either an irritating substance or an allergen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005492 biolink:NamedThing urticaria A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006521 biolink:NamedThing acneiform dermatitis Cutaneous eruptions resembling acne, characterized by the presence of papulonodules, pustules, comedones, or cysts in the face, trunk, and extremities. Causes include infections and the use of certain medications (e.g., antibiotics and steroids). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006523 biolink:NamedThing acrodermatitis An inflammatory skin condition affecting children. It is often associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, hepatitis B infection or cytomegalovirus infection. It is characterized by the presence of cutaneous rashes and patches on the palms and soles. The trunk is not affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006554 biolink:NamedThing granuloma annulare Granuloma annulare is a long-term (chronic) skin disease consisting of a rash with reddish bumps arranged in a circle or ring. The most commonly affected areas are the forearms, hands and feet. The lesions associated with granuloma annulare usually resolve without treatment. Strong steroids (applied as a cream or injection) are sometimes used to clear the rash more quickly. Most symptoms will disappear within 2 years (even without treatment), but recurrence is common. The underlying cause of granuloma annulare is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006555 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous dermatitis An inflammatory reaction of the skin to various organic and inorganic antigens. It is characterized by tumor-like masses or nodules of granulomatous tissue comprised of activated histiocytes, epitheliod cells, and multinucleated giant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006572 biolink:NamedThing lichen planus A chronic, recurrent, pruritic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that affects the skin and mucus membranes. It presents with rashes and papules that tend to resolve spontaneously. It may be associated with hepatitis C. Certain drugs that contain arsenic or bismuth are associated with reactions mimicking lichen planus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006585 biolink:NamedThing neurodermatitis Skin findings arising from repeated rubbing, picking or scratching of a real or imagined irritation of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006586 biolink:NamedThing neurotic excoriation A condition in which patients produce skin lesions through repetitive, compulsive excoriation of their skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006608 biolink:NamedThing seborrheic dermatitis A chronic, inflammatory skin disorder that affects the scalp, central face and skin folds; it is characterized by scaling and itching. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007035 biolink:NamedThing acanthosis nigricans A melanotic cutaneous lesion that develops in the axilla and other body folds. It may be idiopathic, drug-induced, or it may be associated with the presence of an endocrine disorder or malignancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015104 biolink:NamedThing porphyria cutanea tarda The most common form of chronic hepatic porphyria. It is characterized by bullous photodermatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015597 biolink:NamedThing pustulosis palmaris et plantaris DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018024 biolink:NamedThing hydroa vacciniforme A rare skin disorder of unknown etiology affecting children. It is a photodermatitis, characterized by the formation of vesicles and scarring on sun exposed areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021340 biolink:NamedThing intertrigo A superficial dermatitis occurring on skin surfaces in contact with each other, such as the axillae, neck creases, intergluteal fold, between the toes, etc. Obesity is a predisposing factor. The condition is caused by moisture and friction and is characterized by erythema, maceration, burning, and exudation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023646 biolink:NamedThing lipodermatosclerosis Lipodermatosclerosis refers to changes in the skin of the lower legs. It is a form of panniculitis (inflammation of the layer of fat under the skin). Signs and symptoms include pain, hardening of skin, change in skin color (redness), swelling, and a tapering of the legs above the ankles. The exact underlying cause is unknown; however, it appears to be associated with venous insufficiency and/or obesity. Treatment usually includes compression therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043233 biolink:NamedThing exfoliative dermatitis The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100505 biolink:NamedThing food dermatitis Dermatitis caused by an allergic reaction to ingested food. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016276 biolink:NamedThing high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix uteri High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix uteri is a rare, aggressive, primary cervical neoplasm, originating from neuroendocrine cells present in the lining epithelium of the cervix, characterized, macroscopically, by usually large lesions, sometimes with a barrel-shaped appearance. Patients often present with abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, pelvic/abdominal pain, post-coital spotting and/or dysuria, while symptoms related to carcinoid syndrome are not frequent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021309 biolink:NamedThing malignant neoplasm of endocervix A cancer that involves the endocervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002990 biolink:NamedThing benign deep fibrous histiocytoma A rare, well-circumscribed, pseudo-encapsulated benign fibrous histiocytoma that arises entirely within the subcutaneous tissue or deep soft tissue. It usually affects the extremities or the head and neck region. It recurs locally in a minority of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0002993 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic somatostatinoma A neuroendocrine tumor arising from the delta cells of the pancreas. It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of somatostatin and associated with diabetes mellitus, hypochlorhydria, gallbladder disease, diarrhea, steatorrhea, anemia, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004377 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic non-functioning delta cell tumor A usually malignant neuroendocrine tumor arising from the delta cells of the pancreas. It is not associated with a hormonal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019954 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Pancreatic endocrine tumor, also known as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET), describes a group of endocrine tumors originating in the pancreas that are usually indolent and benign, but may have the potential to be malignant. They can be functional, exhibiting a hormonal hypersecretion syndrome, but can be non-functional presenting with non-specific symptoms and include insulinoma, glucagonoma, VIPoma, somatostatinoma (SSoma), PPoma and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES, or gastrinoma) and other ectopic hormone producing tumors (such as GRFoma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003525 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor A usually malignant gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the pancreas. It may or may not be associated with inappropriate secretion of gastrin and an associated clinical syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004334 biolink:NamedThing non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor A low or intermediate grade well differentiated tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It is characterized by the absence of a hormone-related clinical syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005048 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor An insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. It may or may not be associated with inappropriate secretion of insulin and an associated clinical syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006976 biolink:NamedThing somatostatinoma A rare, usually malignant neuroendocrine tumor arizing from delta cells. This neoplasm produces large amounts of somatostatin, which may result in a syndrome characterized by diarrhea, steatorrhea, weight loss, and gastric hyposecretion. Sixty percent are found in the pancreas and 40% in the duodenum or jejunum. The peak incidence occurs between 40 and 60 years of age; women are affected more than men by 2:1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019955 biolink:NamedThing GRFoma 6cm and approximately 1/3 have metastasized at the time of diagnosis. It often co-occurs with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019957 biolink:NamedThing PPoma PPoma is a type of pancreatic endocrine tumor that hypersecretes pancreatic polypeptide (PP) but that does not cause a hypersecretion syndrome (is non-functioning) and instead presents with only non-specific symptoms such as weight loss, abdominal pain, jaundice, diarrhea and/or an abdominal mass, hence leading to a late diagnosis. PPoma can be associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (MEN-1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019959 biolink:NamedThing glucagonoma Glucagonoma is a rare, functioning type of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) that hypersecretes glucagon, leading to a syndrome comprised of necrolytic migratory erythema, diabetes mellitus, anemia, weight loss, mucosal abnormalities, thromboembolism, gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019960 biolink:NamedThing VIPoma VIPoma is an extremely rare type of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor that secretes vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) leading to the manifestations of watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and achlorhydia or hypochhlorhydia (known as WDHA syndrome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021535 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor G1 A low grade well differentiated tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal or less than 2%. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023206 biolink:NamedThing functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor A low or intermediate grade well differentiated tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of a clinical syndrome that results from hormone hypersecretion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003523 biolink:NamedThing gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor. It is usually located in the pancreas but it is also found at other anatomic sites, including the stomach and small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004211 biolink:NamedThing L-cell glucagon-like peptide-producing neuroendocrine tumor A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the gastrointestinal tract and produces glucagon-like peptides. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells forming tubular or trabecular patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015062 biolink:NamedThing gastric neuroendocrine tumor, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003109 biolink:NamedThing foramen magnum meningioma A meningioma that affects the foramen magnum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003908 biolink:NamedThing clivus meningioma A meningioma that affects the clivus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004094 biolink:NamedThing multiple skull base meningioma Multiple meningiomas that affect the skull base. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004108 biolink:NamedThing diaphragma sellae meningioma A meningioma that affects the diaphragma sellae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004367 biolink:NamedThing petroclival meningioma A meningioma that affects the petroclival region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004368 biolink:NamedThing sphenoorbital meningioma A meningioma that affects the sphenoorbital region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004370 biolink:NamedThing sphenocavernous meningioma A meningioma that affects the sphenocavernous region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018201 biolink:NamedThing extragonadal germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor arising in an anatomic site other than the testis or ovary (e.g., central nervous system, lung, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021067 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum. Representative examples include seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and mixed germ cell tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003003 biolink:NamedThing cervical alveolar soft part sarcoma An alveolar soft part sarcoma arising from the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003391 biolink:NamedThing vulvar alveolar soft part sarcoma An alveolar soft part sarcoma arising from the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016284 biolink:NamedThing primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the cervix uteri Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the cervix uteri is a rare cancer of cervix uteri derived from neural crest cells, histologically composed of small, round neoplatic cells with variable degree of neural, glial and ependymal differentiation. Macroscopically, the tumor is often a large, soft, poorly circumscribed mass with infiltrative borders and necrotic areas. It presents with dysfuntional vaginal bleeding or discharge, lower abdominal pain and uterine enlargement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003007 biolink:NamedThing childhood kidney cell carcinoma A renal cell carcinoma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005549 biolink:NamedThing renal cell adenocarcinoma A carcinoma arising from the renal parenchyma. There is a strong correlation between cigarette smoking and the development of renal cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation includes : hematuria, flank pain and a palpable lumbar mass. A high percentage of renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed when an ultrasound is performed for other purposes. Radical nephrectomy is the standard intervention procedure. Renal cell carcinoma is generally considered to be resistant to radiation treatment and chemotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005005 biolink:NamedThing clear cell renal carcinoma A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the kidney characterized by the presence of lipid-containing clear cells within a vascular network. The tumor may metastasize to unusual sites and late metastasis is common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006397 biolink:NamedThing renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions A group of kidney carcinomas characterized by the presence of different translocations involving the chromosome Xp11.2. These translocations result in the creation of gene fusions involving the TFE3 gene. Patients are usually children and young adults. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells form papillary patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017884 biolink:NamedThing papillary renal cell carcinoma A rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, arising from the renal tubular epithelium and showing a papillary growth pattern, which typically manifests with hematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass or nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue, weight loss or fever. Symptoms related to metastatic spread, such as bone pain or persistent cough, are frequently associated since early diagnosis is not common. It is typically multifocal, bilateral, and in most cases sporadic, although different hereditary syndromes, such as Hereditary leiomyoma renal cell carcinoma, Birt-Hogg-DubC) syndrome and Tuberous sclerosis, may predispose to the development of papillary renal cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017885 biolink:NamedThing chromophobe renal cell carcinoma Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, originating from the intercalating cells of the collecting ducts and macroscopically manifesting as a well-circumscribed, highly lobulated, solid tumor that is usually diagnosed at an early stage. It is frequently asymptomatic, or may present with nonspecific symptoms, such as weight loss, fever or fatigue. The classic presentation observed in renal tumors (hematuria, flank pain and palpable mass) is occasionally observed and usually indicates an advanced stage of the disease. It is most frequently sporadic however, several familial cases, associated with Birt-Hogg DubC) syndrome, have been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017887 biolink:NamedThing renal cell carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma Renal cell carcinoma that develops in patients who are long-term survivors of childhood neuroblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017890 biolink:NamedThing tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma is an extremely rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma most frequently characterized by a small, solitary, well-circumscribed, unencapsulated renal tumor composed of multiple small to medium-sized cysts with a white or gray, spongy ("bubble wrap-like") cut surface. Patients are usually asymptomatic or could manifest with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and/or hematuria. Progression, recurrence and metastasis rarely occur although lymph node, bone, pleura and liver mestatsis have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024676 biolink:NamedThing childhood kidney Wilms tumor A Wilms tumor of the kidney which occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003205 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the renal pelvis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005220 biolink:NamedThing collecting duct carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the collecting duct of renal tubule DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005597 biolink:NamedThing cystic renal cell carcinoma Cystic renal cell carcinoma includes any malignant neoplasm of renal tubular epithelium which presents as a fluid-filled mass. Approximately 15 per cent of cases of renal cell carcinoma will be cystic on radiologic and pathologic examination. The clinical features of cystic renal cell carcinoma are similar to those which are solid. The radiographic and pathologic findings of cystic renal cell carcinoma are often more confusing and less specific than the findings of renal cell carcinoma which are predominantly solid. There are four basic pathologic mechanisms resulting in cystic renal cell carcinoma: intrinsic multiloculated growth; intrinsic unilocular growth (cystadenocarcinoma); cystic necrosis; and origin from the epithelial lining of a preexisting simple cyst. There are three basic radiologic patterns of cystic renal cell carcinoma: unilocular cystic mass, multiloculated cystic mass, and discrete mural nodule in a cystic mass. Cystic renal cell carcinoma is often extremely difficult to differentiate from non-neoplastic, benign neoplastic, and other malignant neoplastic masses utilizing radiologic studies alone. This review presents the clinical, pathologic, and radiographic features of cystic renal cell carcinoma and discusses its radiologic differential diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006260 biolink:NamedThing kidney medullary carcinoma A type of renal carcinoma affecting mostly young African-Americans. It is located in the medulla of the kidney, and follows an aggressive clinical course. Most reported cases have shown metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007763 biolink:NamedThing nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017886 biolink:NamedThing MIT family translocation renal cell carcinoma MiT family translocation renal cell carcinoma (t-RCC) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma with recurrent genetic abnormalities, harboring rearrangements of the TFE3 (Xp11 t-RCC) or TFEB [t(6;11) t-RCC] genes. The t(6;11) t-RCC has distinctive histologic features of biphasic appearance with larger epitheloid and smaller eosinophilic cells. The symptoms are usually non-specific and include hematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass and/or systemic symptoms of anemia, fatigue and fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018449 biolink:NamedThing acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, ocurring in the context of end-stage kidney disease and acquired cystic kidney disease, characterized by a usually well circumscribed, solid, multifocal, bilateral tumor with inter- or intracellular microlumen formation (leading to cribiform architecture). Tumors are often diagnosed incidentally in early stages, although complications caused by renal cysts (dull flank or abdominal pain, fever) or renal parenchymal bleeding may mask the underlying neoplastic process. Most have an indolent behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003009 biolink:NamedThing hyperaldosteronism Overproduction of aldosterone by the adrenal glands, which may lead to hypokalemia and/or hypernatremia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003010 biolink:NamedThing multilocular clear cell renal cell carcinoma A rare type of renal cell carcinoma. It is a well-circumscribed multicystic mass without solid areas. The inner lining of the cystic structures is composed of clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006314 biolink:NamedThing nasal cavity polyp A soft and painless polypoid mass that arises from the mucosa in the nasal cavity. It is usually the result of an inflammatory process. It may recur following surgical resection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0400005 biolink:NamedThing refeeding syndrome Potentially fatal shifts in fluids and electrolytes that may occur in malnourished patients receiving artificial refeeding (whether enterally or parenterally). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004124 biolink:NamedThing prostate stromal sarcoma A rare malignant neoplasm arising from specialized prostatic stroma. It is characterized by the presence of stromal overgrowth and hypercellularity, increased number of mitotic figures, and pleomorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003039 biolink:NamedThing nominal aphasia Impaired ability to retrieve words; in particular, an inability to recall the names of objects and people. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003042 biolink:NamedThing adult mesenchymal chondrosarcoma A mesenchymal chondrosarcoma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003047 biolink:NamedThing thymic large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive, non-small cell, poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma, characterized by the presence of a high mitotic rate and, almost always, necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003960 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that involves the lung(s). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006347 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004122 biolink:NamedThing thymus small cell carcinoma An aggressive, small cell, poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma, characterized by the presence of a high mitotic rate and numerous apoptotic bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016976 biolink:NamedThing well-differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016977 biolink:NamedThing moderately-differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016978 biolink:NamedThing poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003050 biolink:NamedThing lung large cell carcinoma A poorly differentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma composed of large polygonal cells without evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation. There is a male predilection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003572 biolink:NamedThing nasopharyngeal type undifferentiated carcinoma A nonkeratinizing carcinoma which occurs predominantly in the nasopharynx but also in the tonsils and rarely in other anatomic sites. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, syncytial growth pattern, and a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006404 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland large cell carcinoma A rare, highly aggressive carcinoma that arises from the salivary gland, predominantly the parotid gland. It is characterized by the presence of large pleomorphic malignant cells with abundant cytoplasm. Patients usually present with a rapidly growing mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006468 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma A primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland composed of undifferentiated cells. The malignant cells demonstrate evidence of epithelial differentiation, either by immunohistochemistry or electron microscopic studies. Microscopically, in the majority of cases there is a mixture of spindle, epithelioid, and giant cells. The vast majority of the patients present with a rapidly enlarging neck mass. The clinical course is usually aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056806 biolink:NamedThing non-small cell squamous lung carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells. It includes the clear cell and papillary variants of squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003051 biolink:NamedThing non specific chronic endometritis Chronic endometritis characterized by the presence of plasmacytic infiltrates in the endometrium. There are no granulomas present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024279 biolink:NamedThing chronic endometritis A non-granulomatous or granulomatous chronic inflammation of the endometrium. Causes include sexually transmitted pathogens and gynecological procedures. Patients may present with irregular bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003052 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous endometritis Chronic inflammation of the endometrium characterized by the presence of epithelioid granulomas. Causes include tuberculosis, fungal infections, parasitic infections, and sarcoidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003053 biolink:NamedThing choroid plexus meningioma A meningioma that affects the choroid plexus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003775 biolink:NamedThing lateral ventricle meningioma A meningioma that affects the lateral ventricle of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006108 biolink:NamedThing bile duct adenoma A benign, well-demarcated polypoid neoplasm arising from the bile duct epithelium. According to the growth pattern, it is classified as tubular, papillary, or tubulopapillary. Adenomas arising from the extrahepatic bile ducts usually produce symptoms related to biliary obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003064 biolink:NamedThing inverted transitional cell papilloma A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells and characterized by an endophytic growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003925 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinus inverted papilloma A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the ethmoid sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004326 biolink:NamedThing sphenoid sinus inverted papilloma A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the sphenoid sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004384 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus inverted papilloma A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the maxillary sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004448 biolink:NamedThing frontal sinus inverted papilloma A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the frontal sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003066 biolink:NamedThing submandibular adenitis Inflammation of the submandibular lymph nodes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021244 biolink:NamedThing submandibular gland neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the submandibular gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027091 biolink:NamedThing xanthogranulomatous sialadenitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021453 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of retina A benign neoplasm that involves the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024341 biolink:NamedThing retinal cell neoplasm A neoplasm arising from the neural retina. This category includes retinoblastoma and retinocytoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003073 biolink:NamedThing trilateral retinoblastoma Trilateral retinoblastoma refers to bilateral (or less often unilateral) retinoblastoma associated with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor in the pineal or suprasellar region. This syndrome is often associated with a increased familial incidence of retinoblastoma. (From Cancer 86(1): 135-141, 1999). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008380 biolink:NamedThing retinoblastoma A malignant tumor that originates in the nuclear layer of the retina. As the most common primary tumor of the eye in children, retinoblastoma is still relatively uncommon, accounting for only 1% of all malignant tumors in pediatric patients. Approximately 95% of cases are diagnosed before age 5. These tumors may be multifocal, bilateral, congenital, inherited, or acquired. Seventy-five percent of retinoblastomas are unilateral; 60% occur sporadically. A predisposition to retinoblastoma has been associated with 13q14 cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with the inherited form also appear to be at increased risk for secondary nonocular malignancies such as osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003075 biolink:NamedThing bilateral retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma involving both eyes. This occurs in the majority of patients with the inherited variant. A minority of patient with bilateral retinoblastoma were found to have involvement of the pineal gland as well. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003076 biolink:NamedThing unilateral retinoblastoma A retinoblastoma that only involves a single eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003077 biolink:NamedThing intraocular retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma restricted to local involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003078 biolink:NamedThing extraocular retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma that has spread beyond the eye e.g. to brain, soft tissue/bone, bone marrow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018161 biolink:NamedThing non-hereditary retinoblastoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019512 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart malformation A disease that has its basis in the disruption of heart development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022430 biolink:NamedThing persistent fetal circulation syndrome A cardiopulmonary disorder characterized by systemic arterial hypoxemia secondary to pulmonary hypertension and extrapulmonary right to left shunting across the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024291 biolink:NamedThing vascular malformation A non-neoplastic disorder that is the result of defects of vascular morphogenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003534 biolink:NamedThing papillary thymic adenocarcinoma A rare primary thymic adenocarcinoma, characterized by a papillary growth pattern. There are only a few published cases, and no good data regarding prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003088 biolink:NamedThing intramuscular hemangioma A hemangioma arising from skeletal muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004533 biolink:NamedThing perineural angioma A hemangioma arising from perineural tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004405 biolink:NamedThing Barrett adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett metaplastic epithelium in the esophagus. There is evidence supporting the idea that the Barrett adenocarcinomas develop through a stepwise progression through intestinal metaplastic epithelium to epithelial dysplasia to malignancy. Adenocarcinomas arising in the setting of Barrett esophagus are typically papillary and/or tubular. In terms of grading, they are well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. -- 2002 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003809 biolink:NamedThing malignant mediastinum hemangiopericytoma A malignant hemangiopericytoma arising in the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003104 biolink:NamedThing epicardium cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the epicardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021508 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of epicardium A benign neoplasm that involves the epicardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004401 biolink:NamedThing testis refractory cancer Malignant testicular germ cell tumor that is resistant to treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004442 biolink:NamedThing testis polyembryoma A rare malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of embryoid bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021282 biolink:NamedThing malignant teratoma of testis A malignant teratoma that involves the testis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016418 biolink:NamedThing multiple system atrophy, cerebellar type Multiple system atrophy, cerebellar type (MSA-c) is a form of multiple system atrophy (MSA) with predominant cerebellar features (gait and limb ataxia, oculomotor dysfunction, and dysarthria). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018192 biolink:NamedThing paratesticular adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003128 biolink:NamedThing classic pulmonary blastoma A pulmonary blastoma composed of a mixture of irregular tubular structures and mesenchymal elements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005933 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary blastoma A malignant neoplasm of the lung composed of tubular structures and immature mesenchymal elements, which may differentiate towards skeletal and smooth muscle, cartilage or a combination of muscle and cartilage. This is a nodular tumor found in the periphery of the lung. It can occur at any age. The prognosis is related to the stage of the disease at the time of resection. Pulmonary blastoma is divided into two subtypes: epithelial predominant and biphasic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003129 biolink:NamedThing epithelial predominant pulmonary blastoma A non-encapsulated, well defined pulmonary blastoma, composed of irregular tubular structures. It affects mostly middle-aged adults and it is rare in children. The prognosis is better compared to the biphasic pulmonary blastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003144 biolink:NamedThing medulloepithelioma A rare, usually aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm of the central nervous system occurring in children. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells which form papillary, trabecular, or tubular structures and absence of C19MC amplification. Symptoms include headache, nausea, and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016029 biolink:NamedThing esthesioneuroblastoma A rare malignant neoplasm of the sinonasal cavity, arising from the basal layers of olfactory neuroepithelial cells in the superior nasal vault, which usually occurs in the 5th to 6th decades of life and is characterized clinically by non-specific symptoms such as progressive ipsilateral nasal block, sinusitis, facial pain, intermittent headaches, hyposmia/dysosmia, rhinorrhea and epistaxis as well as proptosis, diplopia and excessive lacrimation due to orbital extension. With early treatment and in the absence of distant metastases, ENB appears to have a good prognosis (compared to other superior nasal malignancies), despite a high rate of cervical metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003147 biolink:NamedThing space motion sickness Disorder characterized by nausea, vomiting, and dizziness, possibly in response to vestibular disorientation or fluid shifts associated with space flight. (From Webster's New World Dictionary) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003152 biolink:NamedThing adult brainstem gliosarcoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003153 biolink:NamedThing adult brainstem glioma A brain stem glioma that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003705 biolink:NamedThing adult brainstem mixed glioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003706 biolink:NamedThing adult brainstem astrocytoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003173 biolink:NamedThing brain stem astrocytic neoplasm An astrocytoma that arises from the brain stem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003869 biolink:NamedThing childhood brain stem glioma An abnormal growth of the cells that comprise the tissues of the brainstem. While the tumor may be histologically benign, it can produce great morbidity due to its location. It presents most commonly in the first two decades of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014414 biolink:NamedThing STAT3-related early-onset multisystem autoimmune disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019044 biolink:NamedThing tumor of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044881 biolink:NamedThing hematopoietic and lymphoid cell neoplasm A neoplasm arising from hematopoietic cells found in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, lymph nodes and spleen (organs of the hematopoietic system). Hematopoietic cell neoplasms can also involve other anatomic sites (e.g. central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract), either by metastasis, direct tumor infiltration, or neoplastic transformation of extranodal lymphoid tissues. The commonest forms are the various types of leukemia, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and myelodysplastic syndromes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003163 biolink:NamedThing cauda equina intradural extramedullary astrocytoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003164 biolink:NamedThing cauda equina neoplasm A neoplasm involving a cauda equina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016684 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic astrocytoma Anaplastic astrocytoma is a rare, high-grade, malignant glial tumor, histologically characterized by abundance of pleomorphic astrocytes and multiple mitotic figures, often associated with diffuse infiltration of the surrounding tissue, considerable edema and mass effect and involvement of the contralateral brain. Depending on the primary localization of the tumor, patients can present with signs of raised intracranial pressure (headache, vomiting, papilledema), seizures, progressive neurological deficits, and/or behavioral changes. The tumor is most commonly localized in the frontal and temporal lobes, brain stem and spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016685 biolink:NamedThing low-grade astrocytoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021631 biolink:NamedThing brain astrocytoma A astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma) that involves the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003165 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar astrocytoma Benign and malignant neoplasms of the cerebellum that arise from astrocytes. During childhood the majority are benign pilocytic astrocytomas. In adults both benign and relatively higher grade forms may occur. The most common presenting symptoms are headache, nausea, vomiting, ataxia of gait or limb, paresis, diplopia, and dizziness. Objective signs include weakness, long tract signs, dysmetria, gait ataxia, papilledema, and nystagmus. Surgical resection is often curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006131 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar liponeurocytoma A rare, WHO grade II cerebellar neoplasm which shows consistent neuronal, variable astrocytic and focal lipomatous differentiation. It occurs in adults, has a low proliferative potential and usually has a favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016691 biolink:NamedThing pilocytic astrocytoma Pilocytic astrocytoma is a rare subtype of low-grade glioma of the central nervous system characterized by a well circumscribed, often cystic, brain tumor with a discrete mural nodule and long, hair-like projections that extend from the neoplastic astrocytes. Depending on the primary localization and the size of the tumor, patients can present with signs of raised intracranial pressure (headache, vomiting, papilledema), blurred vision, decreased visual acuity, ataxia and/or nystagmus, among others. It is most commonly located in the cerebellum, but ocurrence in the hypothalamus, brain stem, optic chiasma, and hemispheres has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004000 biolink:NamedThing childhood pilocytic astrocytoma A pilocytic astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016692 biolink:NamedThing pilomyxoid astrocytoma An astrocytic tumor of uncertain relation to pilocytic astrocytoma. It occurs predominantly in infants and young children. It is characterized by a monomorphic architectural pattern, usually associated with the absence of Rosenthal fibers and eosinophilic granular bodies. The clinical course is usually aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006372 biolink:NamedThing pituicytoma An extremely rare, WHO grade I, circumscribed and slow-growing tumor that arises from the neurohypophysis or infundibulum and described in adults. It is characterized by the presence of elongated, spindle-shaped neoplastic glial cells that form storiform patterns or interlacing fascicular arrangements. Signs and symptoms include visual disturbances, headache, amenorrhea, and decreased libido. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006284 biolink:NamedThing major salivary gland carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the parotid gland, submandibular gland, or sublingual gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020694 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the salivary glands, most often the parotid gland. It presents as a slow growing and painless mass. It is characterized by the presence of duct-like structures lined by two layers of cells, an inner layer composed of epithelial-type cells and an outer layer composed of clear, myoepithelial-type cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021009 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the salivary glands. It is the most common primary carcinoma of the salivary glands and usually presents as a firm and painless mass. It is characterized by the presence of epidermoid cells, mucus producing cells, and cells of intermediate type. The majority of cases have a favorable outcome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044915 biolink:NamedThing salivary duct carcinoma An aggressive, high grade adenocarcinoma that arises from the salivary glands. It usually affects elderly males and presents as a rapidly enlarging mass. It metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and distant anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045069 biolink:NamedThing minor salivary gland carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the minor salivary glands. Representative examples include adenoid cystic carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma, and mucinous adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003214 biolink:NamedThing apocrine adenocarcinoma A carcinoma with apocrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It presents as single or multiple nodular lesions which may be ulcerated or hemorrhagic and is usually in the axilla and less often in the anogenital region. It grows in the dermis and infiltrates subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large often vesicular nuclei. Most cases are slow growing tumors and have a prolonged course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006245 biolink:NamedThing hidradenocarcinoma A carcinoma with apocrine and less often eccrine differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary slow growing nodule in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern and it is often associated with necrotic changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024240 biolink:NamedThing eccrine carcinoma An adenocarcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It includes the following subtypes: ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma, papillary eccrine carcinoma, and eccrine porocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004006 biolink:NamedThing rete ovarii cystadenofibroma An exceptionally rare cystadenofibroma that arises from the rete ovarii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006243 biolink:NamedThing hepatoid adenocarcinoma An adenocarcinoma with morphologic characteristics similar to hepatocellular carcinoma, arising from an anatomic site other than the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007256 biolink:NamedThing hepatocellular carcinoma A malignant tumor that arises from hepatocytes. Hepatocellular carcinoma is relatively rare in the United States but very common in all African countries south of the Sahara and in Southeast Asia. Most cases are seen in patients over the age of 50 years, but this tumor can also occur in younger individuals and even in children. Hepatocellular carcinoma is more common in males than females and is associated with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, chronic alcohol abuse and cirrhosis. Serum elevation of alpha-fetoprotein occurs in a large percentage of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Grossly, hepatocellular carcinoma may present as a single mass, as multiple nodules, or as diffuse liver involvement. Microscopically, there is a wide range of differentiation from tumor to tumor (well differentiated to poorly differentiated tumors). Hepatocellular carcinomas quickly metastasize to regional lymph nodes and lung. The overall median survival of untreated liver cell carcinoma is about 4 months. The most effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is complete resection of the tumor. Lately, an increasing number of tumors have been treated with liver transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003637 biolink:NamedThing clear cell-sugar-tumor of the lung A rare benign lung tumor with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation. It is composed of round or oval cells with abundant clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm and distinct cell borders. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic and the tumors are discovered incidentally. Excision is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003195 biolink:NamedThing peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma A rare, serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It affects females. The clinical behavior and pathologic characteristics are similar to the serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006196 biolink:NamedThing endometrial serous adenocarcinoma A high grade, aggressive adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium. It is characterized by the presence of complex papillary patterns with cellular budding. Atypical mitoses, necrosis, and psammoma bodies may be present. It is classified as type II endometrial carcinoma and it is not associated with endometrial hyperplasia. It tends to invade deeply into the myometrium and spreads into the lymphatic vessels. Patients frequently present with spread of the tumor beyond the uterus at the time of diagnosis. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006386 biolink:NamedThing primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma A rare, serous adenocarcinoma that diffusely involves the pelvic peritoneum seen predominantly in elderly postmenopausal women. Exclusion of serous carcinoma arising from the ovary and fimbrial end of fallopian tube is required to diagnose the above entity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021289 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of cecum A in situ carcinoma that involves the caecum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006088 biolink:NamedThing appendix adenoma A circumscribed neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium of the appendix. Morphologically, it is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic glandular cells and it is associated with dysplasia. According to the growth pattern, it may be classified as tubular, villous, or tubulovillous. The dysplasia is classified as mild, moderate, or severe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015066 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine tumor of the appendix, well differentiated, low or intermediate grade A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003202 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gland basophilic carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006069 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-producing pituitary gland carcinoma A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces corticotropin. It may be associated with Cushing disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006388 biolink:NamedThing prolactin-producing pituitary gland carcinoma A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces prolactin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005519 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis carcinoma A carcinoma arising in the renal pelvis. The majority of renal pelvis carcinomas are transitional cell and less frequently squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021296 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of renal pelvis A in situ carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003210 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic bile duct epithelium in any site of the intrahepatic biliary tree. Grossly, the malignant lesions are solid, nodular, and grayish. Morphologically, the vast majority of cases are adenocarcinomas. Signs and symptoms include malaise, weight loss, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and night sweats. Early detection is difficult and the prognosis is generally poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100132 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic bile duct adenosquamous carcinoma An adenosquamous carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019087 biolink:NamedThing cholangiocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic biliary tree (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) or from the junction, or adjacent to the junction, of the right and left hepatic ducts (hilar cholangiocarcinoma). Grossly, the malignant lesions are solid, nodular, and grayish. Morphologically, the vast majority of cases are adenocarcinomas. Signs and symptoms include malaise, weight loss, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and night sweats. Early detection is difficult and the prognosis is generally poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004556 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma arising in nasal papillomatosis A rare squamous cell carcinoma that either arises from or is associated with the presence of inverted papilloma in the nose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005003 biolink:NamedThing chronic pancreatitis A chronic inflammatory process causing damage and fibrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, malabsorption and diabetes mellitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005589 biolink:NamedThing thiopurine immunosuppressant-induced pancreatitis Pancreatits that is the result of treatment with thiopurine immunosuppressants such as azathioprine or mercaptopurine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015175 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune pancreatitis Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare pancreatic disease characterized by chronic non-alcoholic pancreatitis that presents with abdominal pain, steatorrhea, obstructive jaundice and responds well to steroid therapy and is seen in two subforms: type 1 AIP which affects elderly males, involves other organs and has increased immunoglobin G4 (IgG4) levels and type 2 AIP which affects both sexes equally but presents at a younger age and has no other organ involvement or increased IgG4 levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003235 biolink:NamedThing optic nerve glioma A glioma that affects the optic nerve. This condition can be seen in association with neurofibromatosis 1. It is most commonly seen in the pediatric age group. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003931 biolink:NamedThing childhood optic tract astrocytoma An astrocytoma that arises from the visual pathway and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003859 biolink:NamedThing bilateral meningioma of optic nerve Meningiomas that affects both optic nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003236 biolink:NamedThing atypical polypoid adenomyoma An adenomyoma characterized by the presence of marked glandular architectural complexity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003238 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenomyoma A rare, benign, usually polypoid neoplasm that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of a glandular component and a smooth muscle cell component. Variants include the endocervical type, endometrial type, and atypical polypoid adenomyoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003243 biolink:NamedThing hepatocellular clear cell carcinoma A morphologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003387 biolink:NamedThing urethra clear cell adenocarcinoma A morphologic variant of urethral adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of tubulocystic or papillary structures lined with clear cuboidal or hobnail cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003245 biolink:NamedThing aflatoxin-related hepatocellular carcinoma A hepatocellular carcinoma that develops following exposure to aflatoxin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003246 biolink:NamedThing sclerosing hepatic carcinoma An uncommon type of hepatocelluar carcinoma, morphologically characterized by significant fibrosis around the sinusoid-like spaces and atrophy of the tumor trabeculae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016216 biolink:NamedThing adult hepatocellular carcinoma Adult hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver cancer of adulthood. Derived from well-differentiated hepatocytes, it often develops from chronic liver cirrhosis which is most often due to hepatitis B and C virus or alcohol abuse. Symptoms are hepatic mass, abdominal pain and, in advanced stages, jaundice, cachexia and liver failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003248 biolink:NamedThing adult pineal parenchymal tumor A pineal parenchymal cell neoplasm (pineocytoma or pineoblastoma) occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024890 biolink:NamedThing pineal parenchymal cell neoplasm A neoplasm arising from the pineocyte, a cell with photosensory and neuroendocrine functions. It may be composed of mature elements or primitive, immature cells. The cellular composition determines the biological behavior and clinical outcome. Three types are recognized: pineoblastoma, pineocytoma, and pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation (Adapted from WHO.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006369 biolink:NamedThing pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation A WHO grade II or III pineal parenchymal neoplasm of intermediate-grade malignancy, affecting all ages. It is composed of diffuse sheets or large lobules of uniform cells with mild to moderate nuclear atypia and low to moderate level mitotic activity. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016721 biolink:NamedThing pineal tumor of neuroepithelial tissue DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003254 biolink:NamedThing cardiac granular cell neoplasm A very rare granular cell tumor that arises from the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056805 biolink:NamedThing benign peripheral nerve granular cell tumor A benign granular cell tumor that involves the nerve. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003840 biolink:NamedThing epicardium lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the epicardium of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004373 biolink:NamedThing adult papillary meningioma A papillary meningioma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004223 biolink:NamedThing polyp of middle ear A benign polypoid growth in the middle ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003722 biolink:NamedThing internal auditory canal meningioma A meningioma that affects the internal auditory canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003760 biolink:NamedThing pediatric ovarian germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005602 biolink:NamedThing ovarian teratoma A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, ovarian teratomas are classified as mature or immature. Mature teratomas are composed of well differentiated, adult-type tissues. Immature teratomas are composed of immature, fetal type-tissues. Mature ovarian teratomas without a fetal-type component have an excellent outcome. The prognosis of immature ovarian teratomas is related to the grade and stage of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003292 biolink:NamedThing anus leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the anus. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003300 biolink:NamedThing appendix leiomyoma A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the appendix. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003307 biolink:NamedThing multiple mucosal neuroma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700058 biolink:NamedThing Morton neuroma Compressive neuropathy of the forefoot interdigital nerve chiefly due to compression and irritation at the plantar aspect of the transverse intermetatarsal ligament. It is not a true neuroma as the condition is degenerative rather than neoplastic. The most common location for Morton neuroma is between the 2nd and 3rd metatarsals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003311 biolink:NamedThing endometrial stromal tumor Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes involve the myometrium. These tumors contain cells that may closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells. Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories: (1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial stromal sarcoma (sarcoma, endometrial stromal). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003316 biolink:NamedThing nonanaplastic kidney Wilms tumor Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the absence of nuclear anaplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003317 biolink:NamedThing metachronous kidney Wilms' tumor Wilms tumor arising in the remaining kidney following treatment of the original Wilms tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003318 biolink:NamedThing mixed cell type kidney Wilms' tumor Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the presence of blastema, epithelial, and mesenchymal components (triphasic pattern) or a combination of two of them (biphasic pattern). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003320 biolink:NamedThing blastema predominant kidney Wilms tumor Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the predominance of the blastema component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003322 biolink:NamedThing epithelial predominant Wilms' tumor Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the predominance of the epithelial component. The epithelial cells may form papillary and tubular patterns and pseudorosettes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006432 biolink:NamedThing stromal predominant kidney Wilms tumor Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the predominance of the mesenchymal component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024675 biolink:NamedThing adult kidney Wilms tumor Wilms tumor of the kidney which occurs in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003325 biolink:NamedThing nodular ganglioneuroblastoma A ganglioneuroblastoma characterized by the presence of neuroblastic cells in a Schwannian stroma, and the formation of hemorrhagic neuroblastic nodules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005035 biolink:NamedThing ganglioneuroblastoma A neuroblastic tumor characterized by the presence of neuroblastic cells, ganglion cells, and a stroma with Schwannian differentiation constituting more than fifty-percent of the tumor volume. There are two histologic subtypes identified: ganglioneuroblastoma, intermixed and ganglioneuroblastoma, nodular. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003326 biolink:NamedThing intermixed schwannian stroma-rich ganglioneuroblastoma A ganglioneuroblastoma characterized by the presence of neuroblastic cells in a Schwannian stroma, without the presence of hemorrhagic neuroblastic nodules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003819 biolink:NamedThing childhood teratoma of the ovary A mature or immature teratoma that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003821 biolink:NamedThing ovarian biphasic or triphasic teratoma A germ cell tumor that arises from the ovary and is composed of tissues that originate from two or three of the following germ layers, endoderm, ectoderm, or mesoderm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003332 biolink:NamedThing malignant struma ovarii An ovarian mature teratoma characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue with morphologic changes identical to thyroid carcinoma. Patients may present with abdominal mass and unusual symptoms due to thyrotoxicosis, or with Meigs syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006980 biolink:NamedThing struma ovarii An ovarian mature teratoma characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue. The aberrant thyroid tissue shows morphologic changes identical to thyroid adenoma or carcinoma. Patients may present with abdominal mass and unusual symptoms due to thyrotoxicosis, or Meigs syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003333 biolink:NamedThing benign struma ovarii A mature monodermal teratoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of benign, thyroid-type tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018369 biolink:NamedThing immature ovarian teratoma A malignant germ cell tumor arising from the ovary. It usually affects females in their first two decades of life. It contains variable amounts of immature embryonal tissues. Based on the amount of immature neuroepithelial component, immature teratomas are graded from 1 to 3. The stage and grade of the tumor and the grade of the metastatic tumor are the important factors that predict prognosis. The use of cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy has significantly improved the survival rates of the patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004082 biolink:NamedThing childhood immature teratoma of ovary An immature teratoma that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003463 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of glandular structures with endometrial-type well-differentiated cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003695 biolink:NamedThing ovarian clear cell adenofibroma An uncommon benign neoplasm of glandular epithelium characterized by the presence of clear or hobnail cells within a dense fibrous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003873 biolink:NamedThing ovarian surface papilloma A benign serous neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary proliferations on the surface of the ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006340 biolink:NamedThing ovarian serous adenofibroma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of glands with serous epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008168 biolink:NamedThing ovarian fibroma A benign neoplasm arising from soft tissue of the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016092 biolink:NamedThing serous or mucinous cystadenoma of childhood Serous or mucinous cystadenoma of childhood is a benign epithelial ovarian tumor characterized by a usually unilateral, cystic, unilocular or multilocular lesion with a thin wall or septa and no intracystic solid portion on imaging. It often presents with abdominal pain or an asymptomatic abdominal mass and can be associated with ovarian torsion or malignant transformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017800 biolink:NamedThing pseudo-Meigs syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017801 biolink:NamedThing atypical Meigs syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024387 biolink:NamedThing benign ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor A sex cord-stromal tumor arising from the ovary, without metastatic potential. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006692 biolink:NamedThing central pontine myelinolysis A central nervous system disorder caused by demyelination within the central basis pontis of the brain. It is characterized by spastic quadriplegia, pseudobulbar palsy and encephalopathy. It is observed in patients with severe hyponatremia, particularly when the hyponatremia is corrected too rapidly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016430 biolink:NamedThing Balo concentric sclerosis Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is characterized by a tumor-like lesion larger than two centimeters and signs and symptoms similar to those of a brain tumor. It is a rare form of multiple sclerosis (MS). Symptoms of tumefactive MS often differ from other MS cases and may include, headaches, changes in thinking, confusion, speech problems, seizures, and weakness. The cause of tumefactive MS is not known. It often develops into the relapsing-remitting form of MS. In other cases there is only one occurrence of the condition. In still others the disease process remains less clear. While there is no cure for tumefactive MS, treatments such as corticosteroids are available to decrease disease activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020800 biolink:NamedThing demyelinating disease of central nervous system Any condition in which there is degeneration of the myelin sheath that covers the nerves of the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017586 biolink:NamedThing onychocytic matricoma Onychocytic matricoma is a rare tumor of the nail that is generally benign. Affected people often experience thickening of the involved portion of the nail. The tumor may be pigmented (melanonychia - a black or brown pigmentation of the normal nail plate) or non-pigmented. The exact underlying cause of onychocytic matricoma is currently unknown. It generally occurs sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. Treatment generally consists of surgical excision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017587 biolink:NamedThing onychomatricoma A neoplasm involving a UBERON:0002283. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021281 biolink:NamedThing cavernous hemangioma of retina A cavernous hemangioma that involves the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003345 biolink:NamedThing hilar cholangiocarcinoma A cholangiocarcinoma that arises from the junction, or adjacent to the junction, of the right and left hepatic ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004451 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatous intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma A rare, aggressive variant of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of adenocarcinoma cells that are intermingled with malignant pleomorphic spindle cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044788 biolink:NamedThing perihilar intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma An intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic large bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003997 biolink:NamedThing colon Kaposi sarcoma A Kaposi sarcoma arising from the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011719 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal stromal tumor Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically presenting in adults over the age of 40 (mean age 63), and only rarely in children, in various regions of the GI tract, most commonly the stomach or small intestine but also less commonly in the esophagus, appendix, rectum and colon. GISTs can be asymptomatic or present with various non-specific signs, depending on the location and size of tumor, such as loss of appetite, anemia, weight loss, fatigue, abdominal discomfort or fullness, nausea, vomiting, as well as an abdominal mass, blood in stool, and intestinal obstruction. GISTs can also be seen in familial syndromes such as Carney triad and neurofibromatosis type 1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003995 biolink:NamedThing vulvar childhood botryoid-type embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in female children. The neoplasm arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules with an abundant myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004243 biolink:NamedThing vulvar proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma An epithelioid sarcoma of the proximal type involving the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010778 biolink:NamedThing cyclic vomiting syndrome A rare abnormality of the neuroendocrine system that is characterized by episodic nausea and vomiting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015790 biolink:NamedThing central diabetes insipidus Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a hypothalamus-pituitary disease characterized by polyuria and polydipsia due to a vasopressin (AVP) deficiency. It can be inherited or acquired (hereditary CDI and acquired CDI). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018202 biolink:NamedThing gonadal germ cell tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044878 biolink:NamedThing adult germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that occurs during adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023283 biolink:NamedThing ovarian granulosa cell tumor A granulosa-stromal cell tumor that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of granulosa cells that comprise at least ten percent of the cellular population. The granulosa cells are often found in a background that contains theca and fibrous cells. There are two major subtypes recognized, adult and juvenile granulosa cell tumor. Clinically, patients may present with an abdominal mass. Symptoms depend on the patient's age. The most important indicator of prognosis is tumor stage. Age over forty years at the time of the initial diagnosis, large tumor size, bilaterality, cellular atypia, and increased mitotic activity are factors indicating a potentially aggressive clinical course and relative poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003396 biolink:NamedThing epulis A non-neoplastic nodular lesion that arises from the gingiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003397 biolink:NamedThing gingival hypertrophy Abnormal enlargement or overgrowth of the gingivae brought about by enlargement of existing cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005079 biolink:NamedThing polyp A usually exophytic mass attached to the underlying tissue by a broad base or a thin stalk. Polyps can be neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Neoplastic polyps usually represent proliferations of the epithelium, and are commonly seen in the gastrointestinal tract. Polyps of the gastrointestinal tract are often called adenomas, are associated with dysplasia, and may eventually transform into carcinomas. Non-neoplastic polyps may be inflammatory, degenerative, or the result of malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006249 biolink:NamedThing hyperplastic polyp A polyp found mainly in the stomach and colon. Microscopically, it is characterized by elongated, serrated crypts lined by proliferative epithelium. Hyperplastic polyps are traditionally considered non-neoplastic, but ras mutation is common, clonality has been demonstrated and biochemical abnormalities and epidemiological associations that occur in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas have been found (WHO Tumors of the Digestive System, 2000). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021408 biolink:NamedThing polyp of frontal sinus A polyp that involves the frontal sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021418 biolink:NamedThing polyp of ethmoidal sinus A polyp that involves the ethmoid sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060765 biolink:NamedThing fibroepithelial polyp A polypoid lesion composed of fibrous tissue and epithelium. Representative examples include skin tag, anal fibroepithelial polyp, and gingival fibroepithelial polyp. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003399 biolink:NamedThing pineal region yolk sac tumor A yolk sac tumor that involves the pineal body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003480 biolink:NamedThing pineal region dysgerminoma A dysgerminoma (disease) that involves the pineal body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003509 biolink:NamedThing pineal region choriocarcinoma A choriocarcinoma (disease) that involves the pineal body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004017 biolink:NamedThing pineal region immature teratoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003786 biolink:NamedThing childhood testicular choriocarcinoma A choriocarcinoma that arises from the testis during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003787 biolink:NamedThing childhood testicular mixed germ cell cancer A malignant mixed germ cell neoplasm that arises from the testis during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003788 biolink:NamedThing childhood embryonal testis carcinoma An embryonal carcinoma that arises from the testis during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003953 biolink:NamedThing pediatric CNS choriocarcinoma A choriocarcinoma that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004153 biolink:NamedThing childhood central nervous system embryonal carcinoma An embryonal carcinoma that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004193 biolink:NamedThing pediatric ovarian dysgerminoma A dysgerminoma that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004257 biolink:NamedThing childhood central nervous system mixed germ cell tumor A mixed germ cell tumor that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004441 biolink:NamedThing childhood ovarian embryonal carcinoma An embryonal carcinoma that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004535 biolink:NamedThing childhood choriocarcinoma of the ovary A non-gestational choriocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003759 biolink:NamedThing childhood ovarian yolk sac tumor A yolk sac tumor that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003875 biolink:NamedThing childhood central nervous system mature teratoma A mature teratoma that arises from the central nervous system during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003958 biolink:NamedThing childhood central nervous system immature teratoma An immature teratoma that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004218 biolink:NamedThing childhood germ cell brain tumor A germ cell tumor arising from brain during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003508 biolink:NamedThing choriocarcinoma of testis A malignant germ cell tumor arising from the testis. It represents the rarest of the testicular germ cell tumors. Histologically it is characterized by the presence of syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100226 biolink:NamedThing parasomnia, sleepwalking type A disorder in which a series of complex behaviors are initiated during slow-wave (non-REM) sleep and result in walking during sleep. It is a parasomnia, defined as a clinical disorder resulting in undesirable physical phenomena that occur predominantly during sleep. Parasomnias are not abnormalities of the processes responsible for sleep and wake states. Sleepwalking is more common in childhood (up to 26%), and usually resolves in adolescence; however, it can persist into adulthood (3%). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800355 biolink:NamedThing parasomnia, sleep terrors type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003408 biolink:NamedThing ovarian primitive germ cell tumor A malignant tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant germ cell components but lacks a teratoma component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003507 biolink:NamedThing choriocarcinoma of ovary A choriocarcinoma arising from the ovary. When it appears before puberty is of germ cell origin. In children and young adults signs and symptoms include precocious pseudopuberty and vaginal bleeding. Serum human chorionic gonadotropin is elevated. Germ cell derived ovarian choriocarcinoma should be differentiated from primary or metastatic gestational choriocarcinoma affecting the ovary. The prognosis of germ cell derived choriocarcinoma is less favorable and requires more aggressive chemotherapy treatment regimens compared to gestational choriocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017327 biolink:NamedThing primary non-gestational choriocarcinoma of ovary Primary non-gestational choriocarcinoma of ovary is a rare ovarian germ cell malignant tumor, arising from primordial germ cells, usually presenting with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities, and characterized by fast growth pattern, metastasis to lung, liver and brain and production of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). It is apparently chemoresistant and has a worse prognosis than gestational choriocarcinoma and hence should be distinguished from the latter by DNA polymorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020538 biolink:NamedThing malignant dysgerminomatous germ cell tumor of ovary Malignant dysgerminomatous germ cell tumor of ovary is the most common form of malignant germ cell tumor of ovary, arising from germ cells in the ovary, usually presenting during adolescence with pelvic mass, fever, vaginal bleeding, and acute abdomen and is characterized by bilaterality (around 10% of cases), association with dysgenetic gonads (5 to 10% of cases), elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (in the presence of syncitiotrophoblasts). Malignant dysgerminomatous germ cell tumor of ovary responds well to chemotherapy, potentially sparing patients from infertility and early mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003414 biolink:NamedThing skin pilomatrix carcinoma A very rare, locally aggressive, malignant neoplasm of the hair follicle. The majority of the cases arise de novo, however malignant transformation from a pre-existing pilomatricoma has been reported. It usually presents as a solitary nodule in the head and neck, upper extremities, or buttocks. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of aggregates of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Masses of ghost cells are present in the cellular aggregates. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. If it is not completely removed, it usually recurs, but it rarely metastasizes to distant anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003444 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic bile duct adenoma A rare adenoma that arises from the intrahepatic biliary tree. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023642 biolink:NamedThing Weber syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003829 biolink:NamedThing chromophil adenoma of the kidney A controversial term, used for renal papillary lesions which measure 1cm or less in diameter and contain small, regular nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004250 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct papillary adenoma An adenoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004428 biolink:NamedThing alveoli adenoma A benign, well circumscribed lung neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of cystic spaces resembling alveoli, lined by a simple cuboidal epithelium. The cystic spaces are surrounded by a spindle cell stroma which may show myxoid changes. It is a solitary, usually peripheral lung lesion. Patients are usually asymptomatic and its discovery is an incidental finding during chest X-ray examination. Surgical excision is curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003429 biolink:NamedThing functioning pituitary gland adenoma A hormone producing pituitary gland adenoma, associated with a hormonal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004133 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gland mixed eosinophil-basophil adenoma An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006068 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-producing pituitary gland adenoma An adenoma of the pituitary gland that produces corticotropin. The vast majority of cases are associated with Cushing disease. Clinical manifestations include truncal obesity with thin extremities, thinning of the skin, osteoporosis, and a tendency to bruise easily. Silent or hormonally non-functioning ACTH producing adenomas have also been described. They produce symptoms of a mass-related lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006238 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone-producing pituitary gland adenoma An adenoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces growth hormone. The vast majority of cases are hormonally functioning and are associated with either gigantism or acromegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006634 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gland acidophil adenoma An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006701 biolink:NamedThing chromophobe adenoma An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells do not stain with acidic or basic dyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019613 biolink:NamedThing non-functioning pituitary adenoma A hormone producing or non-producing pituitary gland adenoma not associated with a hormonal syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003437 biolink:NamedThing occult small cell lung carcinoma A small cell lung carcinoma detectable by sputum cytology only. The primary tumor is undetectable radiographically or during bronchoscopy; therefore, it can not be assessed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004142 biolink:NamedThing lung combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma A subtype of large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of large neuroendocrine cells in combination with adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma and/ or spindle cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003565 biolink:NamedThing urethral villous adenoma An epithelial neoplasm of the urethra, which is morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003946 biolink:NamedThing vaginal villous adenoma An adenoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by a villous architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006396 biolink:NamedThing rectal villous adenoma A neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the rectal mucosa. It is characterized by a villous architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003717 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis papillary tumor A papillary tumor originating in the renal pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024337 biolink:NamedThing urothelial neoplasm A neoplasm involving a urothelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003755 biolink:NamedThing urinary tract non-invasive transitional cell neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006483 biolink:NamedThing urothelial dysplasia A morphologic finding indicating the presence of dysplastic changes in the transitional cell epithelium of the urinary tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004303 biolink:NamedThing parathyroid gland clear cell adenoma A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic cells with clear cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003453 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006105 biolink:NamedThing benign conjunctival neoplasm Abnormal growth of the cells of the conjunctiva without malignant characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020205 biolink:NamedThing bulbar conjunctival dermoid or conjunctival dermolipoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003801 biolink:NamedThing corneal intraepithelial neoplasm A squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia that involves the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004253 biolink:NamedThing intraductal breast papillomatosis A benign breast neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of multiple papillomas within the lumen of the ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003459 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenofibroma A benign, polypoid neoplasm that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial and mesenchymal elements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003465 biolink:NamedThing fibrous synovial sarcoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003468 biolink:NamedThing biphasic synovial sarcoma A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of both an epithelial and a spindle cell component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005067 biolink:NamedThing monophasic synovial sarcoma A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of an epithelial or a spindle cell component only. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003469 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid cell synovial sarcoma A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of an epithelial cell component only. The epithelial cells are arranged in glandular or papillary structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003470 biolink:NamedThing cellular ependymoma An ependymoma which shows conspicuous cellularity without a significant increase in mitotic rate. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016698 biolink:NamedThing ependymoma A WHO grade II, slow growing tumor of children and young adults, usually located intraventricularly. It is the most common ependymal neoplasm. It often causes clinical symptoms by blocking cerebrospinal fluid pathways. Key histological features include perivascular pseudorosettes and ependymal rosettes. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003473 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord ependymoma An ependymoma that arises from the spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003474 biolink:NamedThing tanycytic ependymoma A variant of ependymoma, often found in the spinal cord, with tumor cells arranged in fascicles of variable width and cell density. Ependymal rosettes are generally absent, so this lesion must be distinguished from astrocytic neoplasms, but its EM characteristics are ependymal. (Adapted from WHO.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003475 biolink:NamedThing papillary ependymoma A rare variant of ependymoma characterized by well formed papillae. Tumor cell processes abutting capillaries are usually GFAP-positive. Differential diagnoses include choroid plexus papilloma, papillary meningioma and metastatic papillary carcinoma. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003476 biolink:NamedThing clear cell ependymoma An ependymoma, often supratentorial in location, characterized by the presence of ependymal cells with a perinuclear halo. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016697 biolink:NamedThing low grade ependymoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004389 biolink:NamedThing mite infestation Infestations with arthropods of the subclass acari, superorder Acariformes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005980 biolink:NamedThing tick infestation Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019147 biolink:NamedThing myiasis The infection of a fly larva (maggot) in human tissue, which most commonly occurs in tropical climates. Affected tissues most commonly include skin, especially if open wounds are present, nasal passages, ears, and eyes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024303 biolink:NamedThing external hirudiniasis The attachment of leeches to the skin. After the leeches drop off, bleeding may continue as a result of the action of hirudin. Bites may become infected or ulcerate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003481 biolink:NamedThing dysgerminoma of ovary A malignant germ cell tumor arising from the ovary. Morphologically, it is identical to seminoma and consists of a monotonous population of germ cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and uniform nuclei. The stroma invariably contains chronic inflammatory cells, mostly T-lymphocytes. It responds to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and the prognosis relates to the tumor stage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004322 biolink:NamedThing non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the ovary and is composed of cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts, and extravillous trophoblasts. The prognosis is less favorable than gestational choriocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004087 biolink:NamedThing basaloid large cell lung carcinoma A morphologic variant of large cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of a solid nodular or anastomotic trabecular growth pattern, peripheral palisading, and comedo type necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006202 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic bile duct adenosquamous carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous malignant epithelial components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004232 biolink:NamedThing large cell keratinizing variant squamous cell breast carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells that exhibit keratinization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056815 biolink:NamedThing liver adenosquamous carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts and is composed of malignant glandular cells and malignant squamous cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003880 biolink:NamedThing ceruminous carcinoma An infiltrating adenocarcinoma derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003505 biolink:NamedThing femoral cancer A cancer involving a femur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006469 biolink:NamedThing tibial adamantinoma An adamantinoma arising from the tibia. The tibia is the site which is more frequently involved by adamantinoma (80-90% of cases). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004491 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus choriocarcinoma An aggressive malignant tumor arising from trophoblastic cells in the uterus during pregnancy. Approximately half of the cases develop from a complete hydatidiform mole. There is often marked elevation of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. Choriocarcinomas disseminate rapidly through the hematogenous route; the lungs are most frequently affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006222 biolink:NamedThing gastric choriocarcinoma A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the stomach. It is characterized by the presence of syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cellular components. It is often associated with lymph node and hematogenous metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006871 biolink:NamedThing non-gestational choriocarcinoma A highly malignant choriocarcinoma derived from the non-placental origin such as the totipotent cells in the testis, the ovary, and the pineal gland. It produces high levels of chorionic gonadotropin and can metastasize widely through the bloodstream to the lungs, brain, liver, bone, and other viscera by the time of diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020552 biolink:NamedThing placental site trophoblastic tumor Placental site trophoblastic tumor is a rare gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) which develops from the placental implantation site and always occurs following pregnancy, voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP) or miscarriage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003952 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system choriocarcinoma A choriocarcinoma of the central nervous system that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003522 biolink:NamedThing male orgasm disorder Persistent delay or absence in orgasm not accounted for by a medical reason. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004258 biolink:NamedThing female orgasmic disorder A sexual disorder in which a woman fails to achieve orgasm during sexual intercourse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003524 biolink:NamedThing gastric gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor A well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the stomach. It produces gastrin and it may be associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004411 biolink:NamedThing duodenal gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the duodenum. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells that form pseudorosettes. The neoplastic cells have uniform nuclei and small amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006227 biolink:NamedThing gastric neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the stomach. The vast majority of cases arise from the corpus-fundus region. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. It may be associated with autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, or it may be sporadic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018742 biolink:NamedThing familial gastric type 1 neuroendocrine tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024639 biolink:NamedThing gastric enterochromaffin cell serotonin-producing neuroendocrine tumor A well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the stomach. It produces serotonin and it may occasionally be found in association with a carcinoid syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024642 biolink:NamedThing gastric neuroendocrine tumor G2 A well differentiated, intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is 3 to 20 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003530 biolink:NamedThing aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044789 biolink:NamedThing digital papillary eccrine carcinoma An adenocarcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Most cases present as nodular lesions on the digits, usually in the hands. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cells in the dermis forming nodules. Cystic structures containing papillary projections are also present. It may recur and metastasize, most commonly to the lungs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003531 biolink:NamedThing papillary eccrine carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003532 biolink:NamedThing breast papillary carcinoma A breast carcinoma characterized by the formation of irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma covered with neoplastic epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003874 biolink:NamedThing ovarian serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma A serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of a papillary architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005075 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland papillary carcinoma A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Radiation exposure is a risk factor and it is the most common malignant thyroid lesion, comprising 75% to 80% of all thyroid cancers in iodine sufficient countries. Diagnostic procedures include thyroid ultrasound and fine needle biopsy. Microscopically, the diagnosis is based on the distinct characteristics of the malignant cells, which include enlargement, oval shape, elongation, and overlapping of the nuclei. The nuclei also display clearing or have a ground glass appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006189 biolink:NamedThing eccrine porocarcinoma A carcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It may arise de novo or as a malignant transformation of a pre-existing poroma. It usually grows in the legs, buttocks, feet, and trunk and usually presents as an ulcerative plaque. It is characterized by the presence of intraepidermal and dermal nests of malignant epithelial cells. It may recur after excision and metastasize to the lymph nodes and less frequently to distal anatomic sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023039 biolink:NamedThing eccrine mucinous carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024245 biolink:NamedThing ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003934 biolink:NamedThing breast apocrine carcinoma An adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of two intermingled cellular components: cells with abundant granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and cells with abundant cytoplasm containing fine empty vacuoles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024615 biolink:NamedThing T-cell and NK-cell neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005157 biolink:NamedThing lymphoid neoplasm A neoplasm composed of a lymphocytic cell population which is usually malignant (clonal) by molecular genetic and/or immunophenotypic analysis. Lymphocytic neoplasms include Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemias, and plasma cell neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005168 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of immature B and T cells A neoplasm arising from immature B and T cells DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006847 biolink:NamedThing malignant lymphatic vessel tumor Neoplasms composed of lymphoid tissue, a lattice work of reticular tissue the interspaces of which contain lymphocytes. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in lymphatic vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003548 biolink:NamedThing adenosquamous breast carcinoma An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of tubular and glandular neoplastic cell structures, admixed with islands of neoplastic cells showing squamous differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004229 biolink:NamedThing acantholytic variant squamous cell breast carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by cellular discohesion resulting in a pseudoangiosarcomatous pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003551 biolink:NamedThing thymic adenosquamous carcinoma A rare carcinoma that arises from the thymus and is characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous carcinomatous components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003555 biolink:NamedThing Bartholin gland adenosquamous carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and malignant squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003556 biolink:NamedThing endometrial adenosquamous carcinoma A rare endometrial carcinoma characterized by the presence of both malignant glandular and malignant squamous cellular components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003558 biolink:NamedThing adenosquamous prostate carcinoma An infrequent invasive carcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of both glandular and squamous neoplastic components. It is more often located in the transitional zone of the prostate gland and it tends to rapidly metastasize to the bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004973 biolink:NamedThing adenosquamous lung carcinoma An aggressive carcinoma with a poor prognosis characterized by a presence of both malignant squamous cells and glandular cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005614 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas showing both ductal and squamous differentiation. The squamous component should represent at least 30% of the malignant cellular infiltrate. The prognosis is usually worse than that of ductal adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006034 biolink:NamedThing gastric adenosquamous carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the stomach and is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with glandular and squamous differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006157 biolink:NamedThing colorectal adenosquamous carcinoma An unusual colorectal carcinoma characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous carcinomatous components. The two carcinomatous components may be admixed within the tumor, or the two may appear separately in different areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006217 biolink:NamedThing gallbladder adenosquamous carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous malignant epithelial components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006401 biolink:NamedThing salivary gland adenosquamous carcinoma A rare, aggressive carcinoma that arises from the salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of a squamous and a glandular epithelial component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003549 biolink:NamedThing adenosquamous bile duct carcinoma An adenosquamous carcinoma that arises from the bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004092 biolink:NamedThing thymic basaloid carcinoma A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of tumor cell lobules with peripheral palisading, and a basophilic staining pattern. More than half of reported cases were associated with the presence of a multilocular thymic cyst. Metastases to lung and liver have been reported in approximately 30% of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003553 biolink:NamedThing ampulla of vater adenosquamous carcinoma A carcinoma with glandular and squamous differentiation arising from the ampulla of Vater. Signs and symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003554 biolink:NamedThing adenosquamous colon carcinoma An unusual colon carcinoma characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous carcinomatous components. The two carcinomatous components may be admixed within the tumor, or the two may appear separately in different areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056817 biolink:NamedThing rectal adenosquamous carcinoma An unusual rectal carcinoma characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous carcinomatous components. The two carcinomatous components may be admixed within the tumor, or the two may appear separately in different areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003581 biolink:NamedThing ovarian embryonal carcinoma An embryonal carcinoma arising from the ovary. Signs and symptoms include the presence of an abdominal mass and abdominal pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005440 biolink:NamedThing embryonal carcinoma A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells with abundant cytoplasm resembling epithelial cells, geographic necrosis, high mitotic activity, and pseudoglandular and pseudopapillary structures formation. It can arise from the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites (central nervous system and mediastinum). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017328 biolink:NamedThing non-central nervous system-localized embryonal carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003989 biolink:NamedThing polyembryoma of the ovary A rare, malignant germ cell tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of embryoid bodies which resemble early embryos. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004294 biolink:NamedThing gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma A rare malignant trophoblastic tumor that arises from the ovary as a result of ectopic ovarian pregnancy. There is no germ cell component present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005544 biolink:NamedThing hippocampal sclerosis of aging Age-related neuropathological condition with severe neuronal cell loss and gliosis in the hippocampus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003595 biolink:NamedThing sclerosing liposarcoma A morphologic variant of well differentiated liposarcoma occurring most often in the retroperitoneum and paratesticular area. It is characterized by the presence of bizarre hyperchromatic stromal cells and rare multivacuolated lipoblasts within a fibrous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004510 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory liposarcoma A rare morphologic variant of well differentiated liposarcoma occurring most often in the retroperitoneum. It is characterized by the presence of a predominant inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphoplasmacytic aggregates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006321 biolink:NamedThing non-functioning adrenal cortex adenoma An adenoma of the adrenal cortex characterized by the absence of a hormonal syndrome or symptoms suggestive of adrenal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021468 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of adrenal medulla A benign neoplasm that involves the adrenal medulla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003611 biolink:NamedThing uterine ligament papillary cystadenoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease A benign mesonephric neoplasm that arises from the uterine ligament and occurs in women with von Hippel-Lindau disease. It is a cystic lesion characterized by the presence of multiple papillary excrescences. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006149 biolink:NamedThing clear cell papillary cystadenoma A benign cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic clear or hobnail cells which form papillary structures. There is no evidence of stromal invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003614 biolink:NamedThing intravenous leiomyomatosis A rare benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of smooth muscle cells growing within veins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003622 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic vasoactive intestinal peptide producing tumor A usually malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor producing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). It may or may not be associated with inappropriate secretion of VIP and an associated clinical syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019557 biolink:NamedThing chilblain lupus A rare, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus disease characterized by red or violaceous, initially pruritic (evolving to painful) papules and plaques located on acral areas (especially dorsal aspects of fingers and toes, while the nose and ear involvement is uncommon), exacerbated by cold and damp conditions, with fissuring and ulceration occasionally observed. Coexistence of discoid lupus erythematosus lesions elsewhere on the body and occasional progression to systemic lupus erythematosus may be associated. Histological examination and direct immunofluorescence studies reveal nonspecific inflammatory lupus erythematosus changes while results of cryoglobulin and cold agglutinin studies are negative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004343 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic acinar cell cystadenocarcinoma A cystic adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of relatively uniform neoplastic cells which produce pancreatic enzymes and are arranged in acinar patterns. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea. It usually has an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003640 biolink:NamedThing verruciform xanthoma of skin A rare, benign wart-like skin lesion of unknown etiology that is usually found in the genital or perianal area and consists of hyperkeratosis and aggregates of foam cell macrophages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004111 biolink:NamedThing refractory hematologic cancer A hematologic malignancy that is resistant to treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006247 biolink:NamedThing histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm Rare tumors that affect the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. The cells of origin are the histiocytes and accessory cells. They can occur at any age and show no significant variations in geographical distribution. This category includes the histiocytic sarcoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Langerhans cell sarcoma, interdigitading dendritic cell sarcoma/tumor, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma/tumor, and dendritic cell sarcoma, not otherwise specified. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019454 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of 5-19% myeloblasts in the bone marrow or 2-19% blasts in the peripheral blood. It includes two categories: myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-1 and myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003650 biolink:NamedThing mixed hepatoblastoma A hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of fetal and embryonal epithelial components and a mesenchymal component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003651 biolink:NamedThing macrotrabecular hepatoblastoma A pure fetal or fetal and embryonal epithelial hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of broad trabeculae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010687 biolink:NamedThing nephrolithiasis, X-linked recessive, with renal failure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003653 biolink:NamedThing stork bite DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009055 biolink:NamedThing cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) is a congenital localized or generalized vascular anomaly characterized by a persistent cutis marmorata pattern with a marbled bluish to deep purple appearance, spider nevus-like telangiectasia, phlebectasia and, occasionally, ulceration and atrophy of the affected skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012016 biolink:NamedThing capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of multiple capillary malformations (CM) with an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and arteriovenous fistulas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003654 biolink:NamedThing childhood parosteal osteosarcoma A low grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone. It occurs in childhood and usually affects the distal posterior femur, the proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Painless swelling is the usual clinical sign. The prognosis is usually excellent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004176 biolink:NamedThing childhood extraosseous osteosarcoma An osteosarcoma arising from the soft tissue, and occurring during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006817 biolink:NamedThing juxtacortical osteosarcoma A low grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone. It usually affects the distal posterior femur, the proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Painless swelling is the usual clinical sign. Most patients are young adults and the prognosis is usually excellent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003656 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobinuria A laboratory test result which indicates free hemoglobin in the urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010644 biolink:NamedThing proteinuria, low molecular weight, with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003664 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia Anemia resulting from the premature destruction of the peripheral blood red cells. It may be congenital or it may be caused by infections, medications, or malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004961 biolink:NamedThing stage I endometrioid carcinoma Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).It is the result of the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The first sign is most often vaginal bleeding not associated with a menstrual period. Other symptoms include pain with urination or sexual intercourse, or pelvic pain. Endometrial cancer occurs most commonly after menopause. In stage I, the cancer is only growing in the body of the uterus. It may also be growing into the glands of the cervix, but is not growing into the supporting connective tissue of the cervix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004962 biolink:NamedThing stage II endometrioid carcinoma Endometrial carcinoma is a carcinoma that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb). It is the result of the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The first sign is most often vaginal bleeding not associated with a menstrual period. Other symptoms include pain with urination or sexual intercourse, or pelvic pain. Endometrial cancer occurs most commonly after menopause. In stage II the cancer has spread from the body of the uterus and is growing into the supporting connective tissue of the cervix (called the cervical stroma). The cancer has spread into connective tissue of the cervix, but has not spread outside the uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006192 biolink:NamedThing endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma A primary endometrial adenocarcinoma composed of neoplastic cells that form complex glandular patterns associated with budding and branching of the neoplastic glands. The neoplastic glands resemble those of the normal endometrium and may or may not be associated with sheet-like proliferation of malignant cells. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most commonly seen morphologic variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003670 biolink:NamedThing posteroinferior myocardial infarction An electrocardiographic finding of an injury in leads corresponding to the anatomic region of the posteroinferior wall of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005068 biolink:NamedThing myocardial infarction Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area, as in coronary thrombosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003672 biolink:NamedThing posterior myocardial infarction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003673 biolink:NamedThing apical myocardial infarction An electrocardiographic finding of an injury in leads corresponding to the anatomic region of the apex of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003675 biolink:NamedThing posterolateral myocardial infarction An electrocardiographic finding of an injury in leads corresponding to the anatomic region of the posterolateral wall of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003676 biolink:NamedThing inferolateral myocardial infarct An electrocardiographic finding of an injury in leads corresponding to the anatomic region of the inferolateral wall of the heart. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003677 biolink:NamedThing lateral myocardial infarction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003678 biolink:NamedThing silent myocardial infarction A history of myocardial infarction in the absence of clinical symptoms and positive electrocardiographic findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003679 biolink:NamedThing anteroseptal myocardial infarction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004876 biolink:NamedThing myocardial stunning Prolonged dysfunction of the myocardium after a brief episode of severe ischemia, with gradual return of contractile activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006803 biolink:NamedThing inferior myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction in which the inferior wall of the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the right coronary artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021505 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of endocardium A benign neoplasm that involves the endocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007705 biolink:NamedThing Heinz body anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010891 biolink:NamedThing lethal hemolytic anemia-genital anomalies syndrome Waters-West syndrome is characterized by the association of lethal non-spherocytic, non-immune hemolytic anemia with abnormalities of the external genitalia (micropenis and hypospadias), flat occiput, dimpled earlobes, deep plantar creases, and increased space between the first and second toes. It has been described only once in two brothers who died a few hours after birth. The second-born infant had massive ascites and hepatosplenomegaly. The mother had two spontaneous abortions (at 6 and 12 weeks gestation) but gave birth to a normal girl, suggesting an autosomal or X-linked recessive mode of inheritance. Although the parents were not known to be consanguineous, they shared a French-Canadian and American Indian ethnic origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012967 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia due to adenylate kinase deficiency Hemolytic anemia due to adenylate kinase deficiency is a rare hemolytic anemia due to an erythrocyte nucleotide metabolism disorder characterized by moderate to severe chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia that may require regular blood transfusions and/or splenectomy and may be associated with psychomotor impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017164 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic disease of the newborn with Kell alloimmunization DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017319 biolink:NamedThing hereditary elliptocytosis Hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) is a rare clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder of the red cell membrane characterized by manifestations ranging from mild to severe transfusion-dependent hemolytic anemia but with the majority of patients being asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020102 biolink:NamedThing hereditary stomatocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020108 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an autoimmune disorder in which various types of auto-antibodies are directed against red blood cells causing their survival to be shortened and resulting in hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020457 biolink:NamedThing 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021559 biolink:NamedThing non-autoimmune hemolytic anemia Hemolytic anemia that is not mediated by immune mechanisms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003690 biolink:NamedThing adult anaplastic ependymoma An anaplastic ependymoma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016700 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic ependymoma Anaplastic ependymoma is a rare, malignant type of ependymoma that most often arises in the supratentorial region of the brain of children and young adults and that manifests with variable symptoms including headaches, nausea, vision impairment, memory loss and difficulty walking. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003692 biolink:NamedThing adult malignant mesenchymoma A malignant mesenchymoma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003693 biolink:NamedThing clear cell cystadenofibroma A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic glandular and fibrous tissues and clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003886 biolink:NamedThing mucinous cystadenofibroma A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004185 biolink:NamedThing ovarian serous cystadenofibroma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by serous epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004214 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrioid cystadenofibroma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by endometrial-type well-differentiated cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004501 biolink:NamedThing fallopian tube cystadenofibroma A rare, benign, asymptomatic neoplasm that arises from the fallopian tube. The tumors are round and solitary and contain connective tissue and cystic structures lined by serous-type epithelium. The majority of cases are incidental findings during operation for an unrelated gynecologic disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003694 biolink:NamedThing ovarian clear cell cystadenofibroma A benign neoplasm of glandular epithelium characterized by the presence of clear or hobnail cells within a dense fibrous stroma and cystic structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003697 biolink:NamedThing non-invasive verrucous carcinoma of the penis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020649 biolink:NamedThing warty carcinoma of the penis A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by a papillary growth pattern, hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. Koilocytotic atypia is present. Human papillomavirus types 16 and 6 have been identified in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003701 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland diffuse sclerosing papillary carcinoma A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland that more often affects young patients and commonly metastasizing to the lungs. It is characterized by a diffuse infiltration of the thyroid gland by malignant follicular cells, squamous metaplasia, stromal fibrosis, and lymphocytic infiltration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004101 biolink:NamedThing multicentric papillary thyroid carcinoma A papillary carcinoma arising from the thyroid gland from multiple foci. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004102 biolink:NamedThing columnar cell variant thyroid gland papillary carcinoma A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of pseudostratified malignant follicular cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004103 biolink:NamedThing tall cell variant thyroid gland papillary carcinoma A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of tall malignant follicular cells, arranged in papillary and trabecular patterns. Necrotic changes and high mitotic activity are present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008567 biolink:NamedThing thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004320 biolink:NamedThing adult infiltrating astrocytic neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003870 biolink:NamedThing childhood brainstem astrocytoma An astrocytoma that arises from the brain stem and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006229 biolink:NamedThing gastric small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006348 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003712 biolink:NamedThing angiokeratoma of mibelli DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003713 biolink:NamedThing angiokeratoma circumscriptum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004163 biolink:NamedThing bladder urachal urothelial carcinoma A transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder that arises from the urachal epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004056 biolink:NamedThing bladder papillary urothelial carcinoma An invasive or non-invasive papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. It is classified as low - or high-grade. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003723 biolink:NamedThing blunt duct adenosis of breast Breast adenosis characterized by the presence of ducts with distended lumen and columnar cell metaplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003726 biolink:NamedThing apocrine adenosis of breast Breast adenosis characterized by the presence of extensive apocrine metaplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004181 biolink:NamedThing breast adenomyoepithelial adenosis An uncommon variant of breast adenosis characterized by the presence of irregularly shaped glands, epithelial cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, and prominent myopepithelial cells. Mild atypia may be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004531 biolink:NamedThing sclerosing adenosis of breast Breast adenosis characterized by the proliferation of acini, a lobulated architectural pattern, and stromal sclerosis. The luminal epithelial and myopepithelial cells are preserved. Microcalcifications and foci of apocrine metaplasia may be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004534 biolink:NamedThing microglandular adenosis of breast A rare variant of breast adenosis characterized by the proliferation of small round glands in a collagenous stroma. The epithelial cells are cuboidal and there are no myopepithelial cells present. There is no evidence of atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003729 biolink:NamedThing aleukemic leukemia cutis Infiltration of the skin and subcutaneous tissue by leukemic cells without evidence of leukemia in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. It results in clinically identifiable skin lesions. It may be the first manifestation of acute leukemia, preceding the involvement of the bone marrow and peripheral blood by the leukemic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004155 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system embryonal carcinoma A embryonal carcinoma of the central nervous system that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004406 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system mixed germ cell tumor A mixed germ cell tumor of central nervous system that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003732 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system mature teratoma A central nervous system mature teratoma that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003734 biolink:NamedThing adult central nervous system immature teratoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004016 biolink:NamedThing pineal region mature teratoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003820 biolink:NamedThing mature ovarian teratoma An ovarian teratoma which may be cystic, composed entirely of well differentiated, adult-type tissues, without evidence of fetal-type tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004467 biolink:NamedThing mature gastric teratoma A benign teratoma that arises from the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003736 biolink:NamedThing cancerophobia An overwhelming, irrational, and persistent fear of being diagnosed with cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003740 biolink:NamedThing AIDS phobia An overwhelming, irrational, and persistent fear of contracting Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003741 biolink:NamedThing juvenile type testicular granulosa cell tumor A rare sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the testis. It is the most frequent congenital testicular neoplasm and is usually diagnosed during the perinatal period. It usually presents as an asymptomatic scrotal or abdominal mass. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of cysts that are lined by cells resembling granulosa and theca cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004548 biolink:NamedThing adult type testicular granulosa cell tumor A rare sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the testis in adults. Gynecomastia is present in approximately a quarter of the patients. Several morphologic patterns have been identified and include insular, gyriform, trabecular, pseudosarcomatous, and solid. Metastases occur in approximately twenty percent of the cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003878 biolink:NamedThing malignant choroid melanoma A uveal melanoma that arises from the choroid. It is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor. It usually affects Caucasians of northern European descent. It usually remains asymptomatic for a long period. When signs and symptoms occur, they include blurred vision, visual field loss, floaters, and ocular pain. Tumor size is the most important factor that relates to prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003910 biolink:NamedThing mixed cell uveal melanoma A melanoma arising from the choroid, ciliary body, or the iris. It is characterized by the presence of a mixture of spindle A melanoma cells, spindle B melanoma cells, and epithelioid melanoma cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003927 biolink:NamedThing posterior uveal melanoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004062 biolink:NamedThing intermediate cell type uveal melanoma Uveal melanoma characterized by the presence of intermediate cells which are similar to but smaller than epithelioid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004365 biolink:NamedThing necrotic uveal melanoma A uveal melanoma characterized by the presence of tumor cell necrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006200 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid cell uveal melanoma A uveal melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant large epithelioid melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003745 biolink:NamedThing choroid spindle cell melanoma A spindle cell melanoma that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004188 biolink:NamedThing iris spindle cell melanoma A spindle cell melanoma that involves the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003913 biolink:NamedThing choroid mixed cell melanoma A mixed cell uveal melanoma that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004065 biolink:NamedThing intermediate cell type choroid melanoma Choroid melanoma characterized by the presence of intermediate cells which are similar to but smaller than epithelioid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004085 biolink:NamedThing choroid epithelioid cell melanoma A epithelioid cell melanoma that involves the optic choroid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004364 biolink:NamedThing choroid necrotic melanoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003746 biolink:NamedThing ciliary body spindle cell melanoma A spindle cell melanoma that involves the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003912 biolink:NamedThing malignant ciliary body melanoma A rare uveal melanoma that arises from the ciliary body. Patients may present with blurred vision, visual field loss, floaters, and ocular pain. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003911 biolink:NamedThing ciliary body mixed cell melanoma A mixed cell uveal melanoma that involves the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004066 biolink:NamedThing intermediate cell type ciliary body melanoma Ciliary body melanoma characterized by the presence of intermediate cells which are similar to but smaller than epithelioid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004086 biolink:NamedThing ciliary body epithelioid cell melanoma A epithelioid cell melanoma that involves the ciliary body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003747 biolink:NamedThing telangiectatic glomangioma A glomus tumor characterized by huge vascular channel formations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024302 biolink:NamedThing internal hirudiniasis A condition resulting from accidental ingestion of leeches in drinking water. They may attach themselves to the wall of the pharynx, nasal cavity, or larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020577 biolink:NamedThing childhood gonadal germ cell tumor A germ cell tumor that arises from the testis or ovary and occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003752 biolink:NamedThing frontal sinus Schneiderian papilloma A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the frontal sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003923 biolink:NamedThing ethmoid sinus Schneiderian papilloma A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the ethmoid sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004327 biolink:NamedThing sphenoid sinus Schneiderian papilloma A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the sphenoid sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004457 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus Schneiderian papilloma A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the maxillary sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003905 biolink:NamedThing ovarian yolk sac tumor, glandular pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of extensive differentiation into endodermal type glandular structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003906 biolink:NamedThing ovarian yolk sac tumor, hepatoid pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of extensive differentiation into hepatic tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003907 biolink:NamedThing ovarian yolk sac tumor, polyvesicular vitelline pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of multiple dilated spaces lined by cells that resemble mesothelial cells. The dilated spaces coexist with columnar epithelial tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004330 biolink:NamedThing leptomeningeal sarcoma A sarcoma arising from the leptomeninges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003764 biolink:NamedThing pediatric leptomeningeal melanoma A melanoma that arises from leptomeningeal melanocytes and occurs in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003765 biolink:NamedThing adult leptomeningeal melanoma A melanoma that arises from leptomeningeal melanocytes and occurs in adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003769 biolink:NamedThing herpetic gastritis Gastritis resulting from herpes virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004609 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex infectious disease A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005187 biolink:NamedThing human herpesvirus 8 infection An infectious process caused by the human herpesvirus 8. This infection is associated with Kaposi sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005608 biolink:NamedThing varicella zoster infection A highly contagious viral infection caused by the varicella zoster virus. Clinically, it may be manifested as shingles or chicken pox. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005949 biolink:NamedThing roseolovirus infectious disease Infection with roseolovirus, the most common in humans being exanthema subitum, a benign disease of infants and young children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042971 biolink:NamedThing congenital herpes virus infection An infectious embryofetopathy caused by infection with Herpesviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003773 biolink:NamedThing intracerebral cystic meningioma A cystic meningioma that grows within the cerebral hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003774 biolink:NamedThing cerebral convexity meningioma A meningioma that affects the cerebral sulcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004022 biolink:NamedThing parasagittal meningioma A meningioma that affects the superior sagittal sinus and invades the parasagittal angle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003776 biolink:NamedThing renal pelvis inverted papilloma A neoplasm of the renal pelvis in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004040 biolink:NamedThing urinary bladder inverted papilloma A neoplasm of the bladder in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue, which often causes hematuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004042 biolink:NamedThing urethra inverted papilloma A neoplasm of the urethra in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004043 biolink:NamedThing ureter inverted papilloma A neoplasm of the ureter in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue, which often causes hematuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850067 biolink:NamedThing immune deficiency due to impaired neutrophil phagocytosis and migration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003782 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus epithelioid leiomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid round cells with eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003928 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus myxoid leiomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma arising from the uterus corpus. It is characterized by the presence of cellular pleomorphism, malignant cells with large nuclei, and a myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003966 biolink:NamedThing testicular monophasic choriocarcinoma A choriocarcinoma that arises from the testis and is characterized by the predominance of cytotrophoblastic and intermediate trophoblastic cells. Syncytiotrophoblastic cells are absent or not prominent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004520 biolink:NamedThing intratubular embryonal carcinoma Stage 0 includes: pTis, N0, M0, S0. pTis: Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (carcinoma in situ). N0: regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003789 biolink:NamedThing hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma A familial carcinoma inherited in an autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by the development of multiple, bilateral papillary renal cell carcinomas. The carcinomas range from microscopic lesions to clinically symptomatic tumors. It is associated with activating mutations of the MET oncogene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008734 biolink:NamedThing adrenocortical carcinoma, hereditary An instance of adrenal cortex carcinoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003790 biolink:NamedThing prostatic urethra urothelial carcinoma An urothelial carcinoma that arises from the urothelial lining of the prostatic urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003791 biolink:NamedThing prostatic urethral cancer A male urethral cancer that involves the prostatic urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004197 biolink:NamedThing male urethral cancer A cancer involving a male urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004516 biolink:NamedThing bulbomembranous urethral cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003800 biolink:NamedThing conventional malignant hemangiopericytoma A malignant hemangiopericytoma characterized by the presence of necrotic changes and in some cases high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003856 biolink:NamedThing adult malignant hemangiopericytoma A malignant hemangiopericytoma occurring in the adult population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004344 biolink:NamedThing childhood malignant hemangiopericytoma A malignant hemangiopericytoma occurring in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021452 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of cornea A benign neoplasm that involves the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003810 biolink:NamedThing bladder diffuse clear cell adenocarcinoma A rare morphologic variant of bladder adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells forming a diffuse pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004444 biolink:NamedThing bladder tubulo-cystic clear cell adenocarcinoma A rare morphologic variant of bladder carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells forming a tubulo-cystic pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004445 biolink:NamedThing bladder papillary clear cell adenocarcinoma A rare morphologic variant of bladder adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells forming a papillary pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003818 biolink:NamedThing childhood mature teratoma of the ovary A mature teratoma that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003851 biolink:NamedThing ovarian fetiform teratoma A rare type of teratoma that arises from the ovary and resembles a malformed fetus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003852 biolink:NamedThing ovarian solid teratoma A mature teratoma that arises from the ovary and presents as a large solid mass. It contains multiple cysts that vary in size. Small foci of hemorrhage are also present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003822 biolink:NamedThing non-invasive bladder papillary urothelial neoplasm A papillary neoplasm of the urinary bladder in which the transitional cells form papillae. The papillary structures exhibit minimal architectural distortion and minimal atypia. Mitoses are infrequent. Patients are at an increased risk of developing new papillary lesions. Occasionally, the new lesions are urothelial carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003826 biolink:NamedThing mediastinum seminoma An extragonadal malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells with clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm, round nucleus with one or more nucleoli, and distinct cellular borders. It usually arises from the anterior mediastinum. It may present with respiratory distress, chest pain, or superior vena cava syndrome or it may be asymptomatic, with the tumor detected on routine chest x-ray. The prognosis of mediastinal pure seminomas is favorable compared to the mediastinal non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021283 biolink:NamedThing malignant teratoma of mediastinum A malignant teratoma that involves the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003827 biolink:NamedThing transient hypogammaglobulinemia A broad classification for humoral immunodeficiencies. These disorders may be caused by inadequate activation of progenitor B cells, defective class-switching or the effects of medications. Despite the potential for increased susceptibility to infection, these disorders are self-limited with eventual normalization of serum antibody levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020479 biolink:NamedThing pituitary gigantism The condition of accelerated and excessive growth in children or adolescents who are exposed to excess human growth hormone before the closure of epiphyses. It is usually caused by somatotroph hyperplasia or a growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma. These patients are of abnormally tall stature, more than 3 standard deviations above normal mean height for age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006301 biolink:NamedThing metanephric adenoma A benign, well-circumscribed renal cortical neoplasm affecting females more often than males. Polycythemia has been reported in twelve-percent of patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003830 biolink:NamedThing type 1 papillary adenoma of the kidney DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003831 biolink:NamedThing type 2 papillary adenoma of the kidney DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003834 biolink:NamedThing gastric cardia carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the cardia of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003970 biolink:NamedThing gastric fundus carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the fundus of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003971 biolink:NamedThing gastric pylorus carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the pylorus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003972 biolink:NamedThing gastric body carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the body of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017784 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is a rare form of gastric carcinoma (seen in approximately 10% of cases) with a male predominance, characterized by a latent EBV infection in gastric carcinoma cells, diffuse-type histology, a proximal location (in the body and cardia of the stomach) and a relatively favorable prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018503 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of stomach, salivary gland type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018504 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated carcinoma of stomach A carcinoma that arises from the stomach and is characterized by the absence of microscopic features of glandular or squamous differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021294 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of gastric cardia A in situ carcinoma that involves the cardia of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003836 biolink:NamedThing malignant thyroid stimulating hormone producing neoplasm of pituitary gland A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces thyrotropin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003837 biolink:NamedThing TSH producing pituitary tumor An adenoma or carcinoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces thyrotropin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019611 biolink:NamedThing TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma A rare adenoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces thyrotropin. It is usually associated with goiter and hyperthyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016035 biolink:NamedThing Nelson syndrome A syndrome that develops following bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing syndrome. The signs and symptoms result from the presence of an adenocorticotropin-secreting pituitary gland adenoma, and include enlargement of the sella turcica and pressure on the adjacent structures, and skin hyperpigmentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017822 biolink:NamedThing mixed functioning pituitary adenoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019612 biolink:NamedThing functioning gonadotropic adenoma Functioning gonadotropic adenoma is a very rare pituitary tumor, macroscopically characterized by a soft, well vascularized, variable sized adenoma, with occasional areas of hemorrage or necrosis, that secretes biologically active gonadotropins. In addition to common neurological signs due to mass effect (headache and/or visual field deterioration), additional clinical manifestations include menstrual irregularities (secondary amenorrhea, oligomenorhea or severe menorrhagia), galactorrhea, infertility or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (in premenopausal women), testicular enlargement and, occasionally, hypogonadism (in men) and isosexual precocious puberty (in children). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003839 biolink:NamedThing ovarian mucinous adenocarcinofibroma A malignant neoplasm of the ovary with an invasive epithelial component and a fibrotic stroma. The epithelial component is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. Cystic spaces are also present which contain mucoid material. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006123 biolink:NamedThing cardiac rhabdomyoma A well circumscribed benign tumor arising from cardiac muscle. It usually affects children and may be present in the fetus. Depending on tumor location and size, cardiac, respiratory, and hemodynamic parameters may be affected. There is an association between cardiac rhabdomyoma and tuberous sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021509 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of myocardium A benign neoplasm that involves the myocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003948 biolink:NamedThing cerebral hemangioma A hemangioma arising from the cerebral hemisphere. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003845 biolink:NamedThing corpus callosum lipoma A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003848 biolink:NamedThing ectopic thymus A condition in which the thymus gland is abnomally located; this can be secondary to failure of descent during fetal development, or failure of involution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004195 biolink:NamedThing thymic dysplasia The developmental arrest and architectural distortion of the thymus that results in immunodeficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003849 biolink:NamedThing clivus chordoma A slow-growing malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord and occurring in the clivus. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and the presence of physaliphorous cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003850 biolink:NamedThing clivus chondroid chordoma A slow-growing malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord and occurring in the clivus. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, the presence of physaliphorous cells and cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003858 biolink:NamedThing anterior optic tract meningioma A meningioma that affects the anterior visual pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003862 biolink:NamedThing melanotic psammomatous malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor characterized by the presence of malignant cells that contain melanin and formation of psammoma bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003864 biolink:NamedThing chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma An indolent, mature B-cell neoplasm composed of small, round B-lymphocytes. When the bone marrow and peripheral blood are involved, the term chronic lymphocytic leukemia is used. The term small lymphocytic lymphoma is restricted to cases which do not show leukemic involvement of the bone marrow and peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003867 biolink:NamedThing diffuse meningeal melanocytosis A diffuse or multifocal proliferation of uniform nevoid polygonal cells in the leptomeninges. Cells may spread into the Virchow-Robin spaces without frank invasion of the brain. Diffuse melanocytosis carries a poor prognosis even in the absence of histologic malignancy. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003868 biolink:NamedThing anterior foramen magnum meningioma A meningioma that affects the anterior foramen magnum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003921 biolink:NamedThing posterior foramen magnum meningioma A meningioma that affects the posterior foramen magnum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006033 biolink:NamedThing diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma A neuroglial tumor that arises from the middle portion of the brain stem. It usually affects children and has a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018368 biolink:NamedThing primary peritoneal serous/papillary carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003888 biolink:NamedThing childhood testicular mixed embryonal carcinoma and teratoma A malignant testicular mixed germ cell neoplasm that occurs during childhood. It is characterized by the presence of embryonal carcinoma and teratoma components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003889 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma, clear cell variant An invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder characterized by the presence of clear cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003890 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma An invasive transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the urinary bladder urothelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004057 biolink:NamedThing micropapillary variant infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma An infiltrating bladder transitional cell carcinoma exhibiting micropapillary growth pattern. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004278 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma sarcomatoid variant An invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder that exhibits spindle cell sarcomatoid features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004299 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating bladder lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004415 biolink:NamedThing lipid-cell variant infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004416 biolink:NamedThing plasmacytoid variant infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004417 biolink:NamedThing nested variant infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004418 biolink:NamedThing microcystic variant infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004419 biolink:NamedThing lymphoma-like variant infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003930 biolink:NamedThing non-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma Stage 0 includes: 0a (Ta, N0, M0); 0is (Tis, N0, M0). Ta: Noninvasive papillary carcinoma. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor". N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003894 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal melanocytic neurilemmoma A melanotic schwannoma that affects the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003895 biolink:NamedThing periosteal osteogenic sarcoma An intermediate grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm with chondroblastic differentiation. It arises from the surface of the bone and affects the diaphysis or diaphyseal- metaphyseal portion of the long bones. A painless mass or swelling is the most common clinical sign. It is associated with a better prognosis than conventional osteosarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006246 biolink:NamedThing high grade surface osteosarcoma A usually aggressive high grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003899 biolink:NamedThing adult myxoid chondrosarcoma A myxoid chondrosarcoma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003903 biolink:NamedThing benign vaginal mixed tumor A non-metastasizing, well circumscribed neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of a predominant benign mesenchymal component and benign glandular or squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003904 biolink:NamedThing lung occult squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell lung carcinoma detectable by sputum cytology only. The primary tumor is undetectable radiographically or during bronchoscopy; therefore, it can not be assessed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004063 biolink:NamedThing intermediate cell type iris melanoma Iris melanoma characterized by the presence of intermediate cells which are similar to but smaller than epithelioid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003915 biolink:NamedThing cortical thymoma A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic large, polygonal epithelial cells with large vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The neoplastic cells are arranged around perivascular spaces and along septa. Immature T-lymphocytes are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It is a tumor of moderate malignancy. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I, stage II, or stage III tumors. Metastatic, stage IV tumors occur less frequently. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006458 biolink:NamedThing thymoma type B3 Also known as well-differentiated thymic carcinoma, atypical thymoma, or epithelial thymoma, this type of thymoma displays morphologic characteristics of a well-differentiated carcinoma. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage II or stage III tumors. It is almost always invasive, it recurs frequently, and metastasizes in approximately 20% of the cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006459 biolink:NamedThing thymoma type B1 A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of expanded areas which resemble the normal thymic cortex. The neoplastic epithelial cells are small and scant and there is a dense T-lymphocytic component present. Areas of medullary differentiation with or without Hassall's corpuscles are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It has a low grade malignant potential. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II tumors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003922 biolink:NamedThing ovarian clear cell malignant adenofibroma A carcinoma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006075 biolink:NamedThing adrenal gland myelolipoma A benign soft tissue lesion arising from the adrenal gland. It is composed of mature adipose and hematopoietic/lymphoid tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008233 biolink:NamedThing pheochromocytoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011576 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperaldosteronism type II Familial hyperaldosteronism type II (FH-II) is a heritable form of primary aldosteronism (PA) characterized by hypertension of varying severity, and non glucocticoid remediable hyperaldosteronism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003929 biolink:NamedThing vestibular micropapillomatosis A benign neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple vestibular papillomas in the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018381 biolink:NamedThing osteochondrosis A condition that is characterized by defective bone growth that affects the growth centers of bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018382 biolink:NamedThing epiphysiolysis of the hip Epiphysiolysis of the hip is a rare osteonecrosis disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral disruption of the capital femoral physis with varying degrees of posterior epiphysis translation and simultaneous anterior metaphysis displacement. Patients typically present in pre-adolescence/adolescence with pain of variable intensity in varying locations (hip, groin, thigh, knee). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022983 biolink:NamedThing Dieterich disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003941 biolink:NamedThing classic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003942 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004461 biolink:NamedThing vaginal tubulovillous adenoma An adenoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by a tubulovillous architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003947 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgM syndrome A primary immune deficiency disorder characterized by defective CD40 signaling; via B cells affecting class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018037 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgE syndrome A condition that is characterized by elevated serum IgE, dermatitis, and respiratory infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003950 biolink:NamedThing nipple carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the nipple DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004376 biolink:NamedThing infiltrating nipple syringomatous adenoma An invasive, non-metastasizing neoplasm with sweat duct differentiation that arises in the area of the nipple. Local recurrences have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021301 biolink:NamedThing adenoma of nipple A adenoma that involves the nipple. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003982 biolink:NamedThing bilateral breast carcinoma Carcinoma that affects both breasts in a simultaneous or non-simultaneous manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004438 biolink:NamedThing sporadic breast cancer A carcinoma that arises from the breast and is not caused by inherited genetic mutations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005628 biolink:NamedThing male breast carcinoma A malignant neoplasm involving the male breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006739 biolink:NamedThing Ehrlich tumor carcinoma A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045059 biolink:NamedThing cribriform carcinoma of breast DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056813 biolink:NamedThing hormone-resistant breast carcinoma Breast carcinoma that does not respond to hormone therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003955 biolink:NamedThing juvenile breast papillomatosis A benign, usually solitary, well circumscribed multicystic neoplasm that arises from the breast and typically affects young females. The cysts are lined by papillary proliferations that contain epithelial and myoepithelial layers. In a minority of cases, atypia may be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003957 biolink:NamedThing adult pineoblastoma A pineoblastoma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004128 biolink:NamedThing lung occult large cell carcinoma A large cell lung carcinoma detectable by sputum cytology only. The primary tumor is undetectable radiographically or during bronchoscopy; therefore, it can not be assessed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004237 biolink:NamedThing large cell carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype A rare poorly differentiated morphologic variant of large cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of rhabdoid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006283 biolink:NamedThing lymphoepithelioma-like lung carcinoma A morphologic variant of large cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of a syncytial growth pattern, large vesicular nuclei with esophnophilic nucleoi, and dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024386 biolink:NamedThing large cell lung carcinoma, clear cell variant A morphologic variant of large cell lung carcinoma characterized by a predominance of clear cells that may or may not contain glycogen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004100 biolink:NamedThing lung mixed small cell and squamous cell carcinoma A lung carcinoma characterized by a combination of small cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006041 biolink:NamedThing lung carcinoid tumor A neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of uniform polygonal cells with small or moderate amount of cytoplasm and inconspicuous nucleoli. The cells are usually arranged in organoid and trabecular patterns. It is classified as typical or atypical carcinoid tumor based on the number of mitotic figures and the absence or presence of necrosis. Atypical carcinoid tumors have a worse prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043101 biolink:NamedThing hypothalamic dysfunction Hypothalamic dysfunction refers to a condition in which the hypothalamus is not working properly. The hypothalamus produces hormones that control body temperature, hunger, moods, release of hormones from many glands such as the pituitary gland, sex drive, sleep, and thirst. The signs and symptoms patients havevary depending on the hormones missing.Anumber of different causes including anorexia, bleeding, genetic disorder, tumors, and more have been linked to hypothalamic dysfunction. Treatment depends on the cause of the hypothalamic dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003967 biolink:NamedThing synchronous multifocal osteogenic sarcoma A bone osteosarcoma affecting multiple skeletal sites, with multifocal lesions discovered within 6 months of the appearance of the initial tumor. It has a poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003968 biolink:NamedThing asynchronous multifocal osteogenic sarcoma A bone osteosarcoma affecting multiple skeletal sites, with multifocal lesions discovered between 6 and 24 months after the appearance of the initial tumor. Patients with asynchronous tumors have a better prognosis than those with synchronous osteosarcomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003973 biolink:NamedThing tubular variant testicular seminoma A morphologic variant of testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of seminoma cells arranged in tubular patterns and few lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004168 biolink:NamedThing cribriform variant testicular seminoma A morphologic variant of testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of seminoma cells arranged in cribriform patterns and few lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004541 biolink:NamedThing pseudoglandular variant testicular seminoma A morphologic variant of testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of seminoma cells arranged in pseudoglandular patterns and few lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020513 biolink:NamedThing spermatocytic seminoma A rare variant of seminoma characterized by the presence of three cell types: round cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, small cells with dark nucleus and a small amount of cytoplasm, and mono-or multinucleated giant cells. The neoplastic cells are not cohesive. There is an edematous stroma present; lymphocytic infiltrates are rarely seen. Most patients are older males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003983 biolink:NamedThing synchronous bilateral breast carcinoma Carcinoma that is detected in one breast within two months from the diagnosis of carcinoma in the other breast. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021090 biolink:NamedThing lipid-rich breast carcinoma An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic neutral lipids in the vast majority of the malignant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015863 biolink:NamedThing polyembryoma Polyembryoma is a type oftumor that develops from the cells of the gonads (testes in men or ovaries in women). Such tumors are called germ cell tumors. Polyembryomas have a distinctivelook because they are composed of many parts that are shaped like embryos, one of the earliest stages of a developing human during pregnancy. Symptoms of a polyembryoma may include an unusual bump or mass in the abdomen which can cause pain in some individuals; puberty at an unusually young age (known as precocious puberty); or irregularities in a female's menstruation. Treatment begins with surgery and may be followed by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. The cause of polyembryoma is not yet known. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003994 biolink:NamedThing botryoid-type embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the vagina A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising from the vagina. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules within an abundant myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004012 biolink:NamedThing adult botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in adults. The neoplasm arises from organs containing a mucosal epithelial surface. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules with an abundant myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003993 biolink:NamedThing childhood vagina botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in female children. The neoplasm arises from the vagina. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules with an abundant myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004013 biolink:NamedThing adult vagina botryoid embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising from the vagina. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules with an abundant myxoid stroma. It occurs in female adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0003999 biolink:NamedThing juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma A pilocytic astrocytoma that occurs during adolescence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010877 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 5 Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 5 is a rare axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by slowly progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy with or without sensory loss resulting in difficulty in walking, foot drop and pes cavus, that may be associated with pyramidal signs (extensor plantar responses, mild increase in tone, brisk tendon reflexes), muscle cramps, pain and spasticity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011002 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, type 6A Any hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 6 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MFN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011468 biolink:NamedThing hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, Okinawa type Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, Okinawa type is a rare, genetic, axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by the adult-onset of slowly progressive, symmetric, proximal dominant muscle weakness and atrophy, painful muscle cramps, fasciculations and distal sensory impairment, mostly (but not exclusively) in individuals (and their descendents) from the Okinawa region in Japan. Absent deep tendon reflexes, elevated creatine kinase levels and autosomal dominant inheritance are also characteristic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011534 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G (CMT4G) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 characterized by early childhood onset of progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy, delayed motor development, prominent distal sensory impairment, areflexia, moderately reduced nerve conduction velocities, and foot and hand deformities in Balkan (Russe) Gypsies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011633 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2C Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2C (CMT2C) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, characterized by the association of vocal cord anomalies, impairment of respiratory muscles and sensorineural hearing loss with the distal hands and feet weakness. Onset is between infancy and the 6th decade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014671 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, type 6B Any hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 6 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC25A46 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004008 biolink:NamedThing flat ductal epithelial atypia A breast lesion characterized by the presence of dilated terminal ductal lobular units in which the epithelial lining has been replaced by a single layer of mildly atypical cells, or there is atypical, monotonous epithelial hyperplasia of three to five layers. This lesion relates to columnar cell change with atypia and columnar cell hyperplasia with atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006484 biolink:NamedThing usual ductal breast hyperplasia A neoplastic ductal proliferative lesion of the breast characterized by the formation of secondary lumens and prominent intraductal proliferation of a heterogeneous cellular population that may include epithelial cells, myoepithelial cells, or metaplastic apocrine cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010105 biolink:NamedThing teratoma, pineal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004048 biolink:NamedThing immature gastric teratoma A malignant teratoma that arises from the stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004140 biolink:NamedThing intermediate malignant teratoma An immature teratoma characterized by the presence of an intermediate amount of undifferentiated tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024857 biolink:NamedThing immature extragonadal teratoma An immature teratoma that develops as a primary tumor in an anatomic site other than the testis or ovary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020652 biolink:NamedThing immature teratoma of vulva DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004026 biolink:NamedThing skin tag A small, benign growth that arises from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of fibrovascular tissue lined by epidermis. It may be sessile or pendulous and usually occurs in sites where there is friction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005348 biolink:NamedThing keloid An irregularly shaped, elevated mark on the skin caused by deposits of excessive amounts of collagen during wound healing. It extends beyond the original boundaries of the wound and may enlarge progressively. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006549 biolink:NamedThing fibroepithelial polyp of the anus A non-neoplastic polypoid lesion that arises from the anal canal or perianal skin. It is composed of dense fibrous stroma and it is covered by squamous epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006620 biolink:NamedThing vulva fibroepithelial polyp A polypoid lesion that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of fibrovascular stroma lined by squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of epithelial atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060768 biolink:NamedThing gingival fibroepithelial polyp A non-neoplastic nodular lesion that arises from the gingiva. It is composed of epithelial cells lining connective tissue stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060774 biolink:NamedThing vaginal fibroepithelial polyp A superficial polypoid lesion that arises from the vagina. It is characterized by the presence of a fibroblastic stroma which is often myxoid, covered by squamous epithelial cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060777 biolink:NamedThing cervical fibroepithelial polyp A usually solitary polypoid lesion that arises from the cervix. It usually affects women in their reproductive years. It is characterized by the presence of a connective tissue core and overlying epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020659 biolink:NamedThing upper tract urothelial carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004035 biolink:NamedThing glomangiomatosis A benign multifocal proliferation of glomus cells forming clusters around dilated vascular spaces. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004049 biolink:NamedThing combat disorder Neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004052 biolink:NamedThing rectal cloacogenic carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the transitional zone at the junction of the rectum and anus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004054 biolink:NamedThing acute canaliculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004060 biolink:NamedThing peripheral epithelioid sarcoma An epithelioid sarcoma involving the extremities. It usually presents as nodular masses in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues or in the tendons and fascia. It frequently recurs and metastasizes to other anatomic sites. The most common sites of metastasis are the lungs, lymph nodes, bones, and brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004244 biolink:NamedThing proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma An epithelioid sarcoma predominantly involving the pelvis, perineum, and genital organs. It tends to have a more aggressive clinical course as compared to the more frequently seen distal-type epithelioid sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004521 biolink:NamedThing adult epithelioid sarcoma An epithelioid sarcoma occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011308 biolink:NamedThing GRACILE syndrome GRACILE syndrome is an inherited lethal mitochondrial disorder characterized by fetal growth restriction (GR), aminoaciduria (A), cholestasis (C), iron overload (I), lactacidosis (L), and early death (E). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015283 biolink:NamedThing maternally-inherited cardiomyopathy and hearing loss Maternally inherited cardiomyopathy and hearing loss is a mitochondrial disease described in two unrelated families to date that has a heterogeneous clinical presentation characterized by the association of progressive sensorineural hearing loss with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and, in the majority of cases, encephalomyopathy symptoms such as ataxia, slurred speech, progressive external opthalmoparesis (PEO), muscle weakness, myalgia, and exercise intolerance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018337 biolink:NamedThing severe neonatal lactic acidosis due to NFS1-ISD11 complex deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004074 biolink:NamedThing ovarian mucinous cystadenofibroma A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004079 biolink:NamedThing lung mucous gland adenoma A benign adenomatous neoplasm that arises from the mucous glands in the bronchus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022643 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of the vocal tract A carcinoma that involves the laryngeal vocal fold. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004089 biolink:NamedThing basaloid carcinoma of the penis An aggressive, human papillomavirus-related squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by the presence of nests of small malignant cells. The malignant cells tend to invade deeply into the adjacent tissues. Comedo-type necrosis is often present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004106 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor, macrocystic pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of collections of thin-walled spaces. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004178 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor, endodermal sinus pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of connective tissue stalks that contain a blood vessel and are lined by cells with clear cytoplasm and prominent nucleoli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004198 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor, solid pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of aggregates of polygonal malignant cells with clear cytoplasm and prominent nucleoli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004219 biolink:NamedThing polyvesicular vitelline pattern testicular yolk sac tumor A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of collections of vesicles that are surrounded by connective tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004402 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor, glandular-alveolar pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of gland-like spaces, irregular alveoli, and tubular structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004453 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor, myxomatous pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of myxomatous tissue that contains collections of malignant cells with prominent nucleoli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004493 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor, papillary pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of numerous papillary structures that are lined by cells with prominent nucleoli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004494 biolink:NamedThing testicular yolk sac tumor, hepatoid pattern A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of hepatoid cells collections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004543 biolink:NamedThing enteric pattern testicular yolk sac tumor A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of immature glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004547 biolink:NamedThing reticular pattern testicular yolk sac tumor A yolk sac tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of a meshwork of small vacuolated cells resulting in a honeycomb appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004404 biolink:NamedThing refractory precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma resistant to treatment DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004816 biolink:NamedThing refractory plasma cell neoplasm A plasma cell neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015692 biolink:NamedThing refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) is characterised by dysplastic features of the myeloid and usually erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow and an increased number of myeloblasts in the peripheral blood. The peripheral blood blast count ranges from 20% to 30%. RAEB-T used to be a subcategory of myelodysplastic syndromes in the past. Recently, the term has been eliminated from the WHO based classification of myelodysplastic syndromes. The reason is that the percentage of peripheral blood blasts required for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia has been reduced to 20%. The elimination of the RAEB-T term by the WHO experts has created confusion and ongoing arguments. Currently, according to WHO classification, the vast majority of RAEB-T cases are best classified as acute leukemias (acute leukemias with multilineage dysplasia following myelodysplastic syndrome). A minority of cases are part of RAEB-2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019453 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome with multilineage dysplasia Refractory cytopenias with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD) is a frequent subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) characterized by 1 or more cytopenias in the peripheral blood and dysplasia in 2 or more myeloid lineages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044874 biolink:NamedThing refractory cytopenia of childhood The most common subtype of the myelodysplastic syndromes affecting children. It is characterized by persistent cytopenia with less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2% blasts in the peripheral blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018480 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of esophagus, salivary gland type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004135 biolink:NamedThing subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis Thyroiditis associated with painless enlargement of the thyroid gland. It occurs more frequently in females and is characterized by alterations between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism and the eventual return to normal thyroid gland function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006982 biolink:NamedThing subacute thyroiditis Self-limited inflammation of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells. Patients present with neck pain, often associated with fever and dysphagia. The clinical course includes an initial phase of hyperthyroidism, followed by a phase of hypothyroidism, and eventually a return to normal thyroid function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004152 biolink:NamedThing chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma with immunoglobulin heavy chain variable-region gene somatic hypermutation A recently recognized variant of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) expressing somatic hypermutations of the Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) genes. The recognition of this variant alters the belief that CLL/SLL is always derived from a naive, pregerminal center B-cell. The presence of somatic hypermutations of IGH genes occurs in approximately 50% of CLL/SLL cases and implies a postgerminal center, memory origin. Patients with this variant of CLL/SLL have a favorable prognosis, with a reported median survival of more than 24 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004478 biolink:NamedThing pregerminal center chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma A recently recognized variant of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) that lacks somatic hypermutations of the Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) genes, implying pregerminal center B-cell origin. Microarray gene expression profiling studies have demonstrated the expression of ZAP-70 gene (Syk family tyrosine kinase) in this subset of CLL/CLL. Patients with this variant of CLL/SLL have an unfavorable prognosis compared to those with somatic hypermutations of the IGH genes, with a median survival of approximately 6-8 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004158 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic mucinous-cystic neoplasm with an associated invasive carcinoma A cystic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells, ovarian-type stroma formation, and a focal or extensive invasive carcinomatous component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004159 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic non-invasive mucinous cystadenocarcinoma A non-invasive malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It occurs almost exclusively in women. Small tumors are usually found incidentally. Larger tumors usually produce symptoms related to compression of the adjacent structures. It is characterized by the presence of columnar, mucin-producing epithelial cells which often form papillary projections with irregular branching and budding. There is cellular stratification, severe dysplasia, and high mitotic activity present. Complete surgical removal is usually associated with an excellent prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005182 biolink:NamedThing serous cystadenofibroma A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by serous epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma. Most commonly the primary site is the ovary, but serous cystadenofibromas can occur in the pancreas as well. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004836 biolink:NamedThing intravascular fasciitis A rare self-limiting, rapidly growing, non-encapsulated benign neoplasm that arises from the vessels. It is characterized by the presence of plump spindle-shaped fibroblasts, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, chronic inflammatory infiltrate, red blood cell extravasation, and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004831 biolink:NamedThing proliferative fasciitis A rapidly growing, poorly circumscribed, mass-forming proliferation that arises from the subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, round ganglion-like cells, myxoid to collagenous stroma formation, and high mitotic activity. It recurs only rarely following local excision and does not metastasize. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004833 biolink:NamedThing plantar fasciitis Inflammation of the thick tissue on the bottom of the foot (plantar fascia) causing heel pain. The plantar fascia (also called plantar aponeurosis) are bands of fibrous tissue extending from the calcaneal tuberosity to the toes. The etiology of plantar fasciitis remains controversial but is likely to involve a biomechanical imbalance. Though often presenting along with heel spur, they do not appear to be causally related. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004834 biolink:NamedThing ischemic fasciitis A reactive, painless lesion which is characterized by a pseudosarcomatous proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts usually in the deep subcutaneous tissue. It occurs mainly around the limb girdles, sacral region, and greater trochanter. It affects mainly elderly patients and sometimes is associated with physical immobility. Local excision is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004835 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing fasciitis Necrotizing fasciitis is a serious infection of the skin, the tissue just beneath the skin (subcutaneous tissue), and the tissue that covers internal organs (fascia). Necrotizing fasciitis can be caused by several different types of bacteria, and the infection can arise suddenly and spread quickly. Early signs include flu-like symptoms and redness and pain around the infection site. A prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential.If the infection is not treated promptly, it can lead to multiple organ failure and death. Treatment typically includes intravenous (IV) antibiotics and surgery to remove infected and dead tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009175 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic fasciitis Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare connective tissue disease that is characterized by inflammation and thickening of the fascia, usually associated with peripheral eosinophilia. It presents during adulthood with symmetrical and painful swelling of mainly the extremities that progressively become indurated. Fatigue, disabling cutaneous fibrosis, myositis and arthritis may also be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005031 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis A poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and an infiltrative growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005167 biolink:NamedThing fibroma A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the fibrous tissue. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016238 biolink:NamedThing solitary fibrous tumor Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) represents a diverse group of ubiquitous rare spindle cell neoplasms that may be benign or malignant and that most frequently arises from the pleura and peritoneum and rarely from other sites such as head and neck, liver and skeletal muscle. SFT may be clinically asymptomatic or may present with enlarging mass, compressive effects depending on the site involved and rarely with paraneoplastic manifestations (osteoarthropathy or hypoglycemia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016440 biolink:NamedThing elastofibroma dorsi A benign, slow-growing tumor arising from the soft tissues usually in the mid-thoracic region of the elderly. It is characterized by the presence of paucicellular collagenous tissue, adipocytes and a predominance of large coarse elastic fibers arranged in globules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007606 biolink:NamedThing fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a severely disabling heritable disorder of connective tissue characterized by congenital malformations of the great toes and progressive heterotopic ossification that forms qualitatively normal bone in characteristic extraskeletal sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008792 biolink:NamedThing familial angiolipomatosis Familial angiolipomatosis is a rare, genetic, subcutaneous tissue disorder characterized by the presence of benign, usually multiple, subcutaneous tumors composed of adipose tissue and blood vessels, typically manifesting as yellow, firm, circumscribed, 1-4 cm in diameter tumors located in the arms, legs and trunk, with deep extension of the lesions between muscles, tendons and joint capsules (without infiltration of these structures), in several members of a single family. Tumors may be tender or mildly painful when palpated and do not regress spontaneously. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009848 biolink:NamedThing dissecting cellulitis of the scalp Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp is a rare chronic suppurative dermatosis of the scalp that mainly affects black men and that is characterized by multiple painful inflammatory follicular and perifollicular nodules, pustules, and abscesses that interconnect via sinus tracts and eventually result in scarring alopecia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013577 biolink:NamedThing Lipedema Disorder of adipose tissue characterized by symmetric and bilateral enlargement of the lower extremities due to abnormal deposition of subcutaneous fat often in obese women. It is associated with hematoma, pain and may progress to secondary lymphedema which is known as lipolymphedema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016083 biolink:NamedThing FLOTCH syndrome FLOTCH syndrome is a rare, genetic, cutaneous disorder characterized by leuchonychia and multiple, recurrent pilar cysts, associated or not with ciliar dystrophy and/or koilonychia. Renal calculi have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018063 biolink:NamedThing nodular non-suppurative panniculitis Nodular non-suppurative panniculitis, known as Weber-Christian disease (WCD), is a rare skin disorder characterized by recurring inflammation in the subcutaneous layer of fat. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018884 biolink:NamedThing Roch-Leri mesosomatous lipomatosis Roch-Leri mesosomatous lipomatosis is a rare benign autosomal dominant disorder of fat tissue proliferation characterized by the presence of multiple small lipomas of 2 to 5 cm in diameter in the middle third of the body (i.e. the forearms, trunk, and upper thighs), and which are generally painless and can be easily removed by local anesthesia, provided that they are not too numerous or confluent. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019599 biolink:NamedThing primary lipodystrophy Primary lipodystrophies represent a heterogeneous group of very rare diseases characterized by a generalized or localized loss of body fat (lipoatrophy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019789 biolink:NamedThing cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis (CHP) is a very rare form of panniculitis manifesting as recurrent multiple subcutaneous nodules (which may progressively become ecchymotic and ulcerated), and histologically characterized by lobular panniculitis with lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltration in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004203 biolink:NamedThing female urethral cancer A cancer that involves the female urethra. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004240 biolink:NamedThing posterior urethra cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the portion of the urethra that is close to the bladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004518 biolink:NamedThing anterior urethra cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the portion of the urethra that is close to the outside of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004202 biolink:NamedThing adrenal medulla carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the adrenal medulla DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021275 biolink:NamedThing papilloma of eyelid A papilloma that involves the eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004205 biolink:NamedThing lymphohistiocytoid mesothelioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006380 biolink:NamedThing pleural sarcomatoid mesothelioma Malignant mesothelioma that arises from the pleura and is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped cells forming fascicles, or that are distributed haphazardly resembling a sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004210 biolink:NamedThing colonic L-cell glucagon-like peptide producing tumor A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the colon and produces glucagon-like peptides. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells forming tubular or trabecular patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006155 biolink:NamedThing colon neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the colon. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004217 biolink:NamedThing childhood brain germinoma A germinoma arising from the brain during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004513 biolink:NamedThing adult pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma An aggressive rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in adults. The neoplasm is characterized by the presence of bizarre round, spindle, and polygonal cells. Clinical presentation includes a rapidly enlarging painful mass usually in the lower extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004236 biolink:NamedThing duodenal somatostatinoma A somatostatin-producing neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the duodenum. It is characterized by the presence of tubulo-glandular structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016086 biolink:NamedThing osteochondritis of tarsal/metatarsal bone A rare bone disease characterized by avascular necrosis of the navicular bone in children. Patients present with sudden unexplained foot pain, inability to bear weight, and limping. Radiographic features include flattening, fragmentation, and patchy sclerosis of the navicular bone. Soft tissue swelling may be associated. The condition is most commonly unilateral and self-limiting. Boys are more often affected than girls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018385 biolink:NamedThing osteochondrosis of genetic origin An instance of osteochondrosis that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018929 biolink:NamedThing medial condensing osteitis of the clavicle DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019967 biolink:NamedThing Kienbock disease Kienbock disease is a rare bone disorder of unknown etiology characterized clinically by osteonecrosis of the carpal lunate, eventually leading to collapse of the lunate bone impacting wrist function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019969 biolink:NamedThing panner disease Panner's disease is an osteochondrosis of the capitellum of the humerus, characterised by involvement of the dominant upper limb and onset before the age of 10 years. It results from lateral compression injuries of the elbow typically occurring in children practising sports such as baseball and throw. It should be distinguished from osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum, occurring later, in adolescents. Management is symptomatic and consists in reducing the activities of the affected elbow for a prolonged period of time. Prognosis is good. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019970 biolink:NamedThing Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease is a type of osteochondrosis affecting the attachment of the patellar tendon to the patella and characterised by tenderness and localized swelling of the patella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016699 biolink:NamedThing myxopapillary ependymoma Myxopapillary ependymoma (MEPN) describes a slow growing ependymoma located almost exclusively in the conus medullaris-cauda equina-filum terminale region of the spinal cord, presenting in all age groups, and manifesting with variable symptoms such as neck pain, vomiting and unsteady gait and metastasis. It has a more aggressive disease course and is seen in the pediatric population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033980 biolink:NamedThing RELA fusion-positive ependymoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043839 biolink:NamedThing ulcer disease A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004353 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic biliary papillomatosis A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the extrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004509 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic biliary papillomatosis A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic bile ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004261 biolink:NamedThing periductal breast myoepitheliosis A neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells around small breast ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004449 biolink:NamedThing intraductal breast myoepitheliosis A neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells within small breast ducts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004310 biolink:NamedThing adult embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, c19mc-altered An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered, occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004264 biolink:NamedThing acute gonococcal endometritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042451 biolink:NamedThing endomyometritis An inflammation of the endometrium and the myometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004269 biolink:NamedThing breast cystic hypersecretory carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004270 biolink:NamedThing breast ductal adenoma A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm that is located within the lumen of a duct in the breast parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of glandular structures at the periphery and fibrous tissue at the center of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004271 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy adenoma A tubular type adenoma of the breast in which, during pregnancy and lactation, the epithelial cells show extensive secretory changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004276 biolink:NamedThing ceruminoma A benign epithelial neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal. It presents as a grey mass covered by skin. It is characterized by a proliferation of glands composed of cells with abundant eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004274 biolink:NamedThing mixed epithelial/mesenchymal metaplastic breast carcinoma An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a mesenchymal cellular component. The mesenchymal cellular component ranges from cartilaginous and osseous, to purely sarcomatous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004280 biolink:NamedThing asymmetric motor neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004281 biolink:NamedThing vulvar eccrine porocarcinoma An eccrine porocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004285 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma A malignant glandular neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. Microscopically it is characterized by the presence of mucoid stroma formation, papillary patterns, and cystic changes. It has been associated with KRAS and Tp53 gene mutations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018525 biolink:NamedThing solid pseudopapillary carcinoma of pancreas A malignant neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It occurs predominantly in young women. It is characterized by the presence of extensive necrosis and hemorrhage and is composed of polyhedral cells forming solid and pseudopapillary patterns. There is morphologic evidence of perineural invasion, vascular invasion, or extensive invasion into the surrounding tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018527 biolink:NamedThing osteoclastic giant cell tumor of pancreas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044727 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic carcinoma with mixed differentiation A rare carcinoma with a poor prognosis, characterized by the presence of a mixture of exocrine and neuroendocrine malignant epithelial cells in both the pancreas and metastatic sites. Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, and weight loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004286 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm A usually slow-growing epithelial neoplasm with ductal differentiation that arises from the exocrine pancreas and grows mostly within the pancreatic ducts. Grossly, it is characterized by the presence of intraductal masses. Morphologically, there is proliferation of mucin-producing cells within the pancreatic ducts, intraductal accumulation of mucin, and a papillary growth pattern. It may be associated with the presence of an invasive carcinoma. It usually occurs in older patients. Signs and symptoms include epigastric pain, weight loss, jaundice, chronic pancreatitis, and diabetes mellitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019035 biolink:NamedThing pancreatoblastoma Pancreatoblastoma is a rare malignant epithelial pancreatic neoplasm, most often found in children, which usually presents with the non-specific symptoms of a palpable mass, vomiting abdominal pain, jaundice, and weight loss/failure to thrive, and is characterized histologically by multiple lines of differentiation (acinar, ductal, mesenchymal, neuroendocrine) and the presence of squamoid nests. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044786 biolink:NamedThing solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas A low-grade malignant neoplasm that arises from the exocrine pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells that form solid and pseudopapillary patterns, cystic changes, and hemorrhage. Perineural invasion, vascular invasion, and invasion into surrounding tissues may be present. It usually presents as an encapsulated, solitary, and lobulated pancreatic mass. It is usually found incidentally during physical examination or it may present with abdominal discomfort and pain. It occurs predominantly in young women. Complete removal of the tumor is curative in the majority of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004289 biolink:NamedThing glottis verrucous carcinoma An exophytic, slow growing, well differentiated and non-metastasizing squamous cell carcinoma with pushing margins that arises from the glottic area of the larynx. It usually presents with hoarseness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004290 biolink:NamedThing subglottis verrucous carcinoma An exophytic, slow growing, well differentiated and non-metastasizing squamous cell carcinoma with pushing margins that arises from the subglottic area of the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004292 biolink:NamedThing supraglottis verrucous carcinoma An exophytic, slow growing, well differentiated and non-metastasizing squamous cell carcinoma with pushing margins that arises from the supraglottic area of the larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004473 biolink:NamedThing epiglottis cancer A malignant neoplasm that affects the epiglottis. The vast majority of cases are squamous cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004490 biolink:NamedThing gestational uterine corpus choriocarcinoma A gestational choriocarcinoma that involves the body of uterus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006374 biolink:NamedThing placental choriocarcinoma Choriocarcinoma that develops in the placenta. It is the rarest form of gestational choriocarcinoma. Metastases to the mother and infant may occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004302 biolink:NamedThing chief cell adenoma A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic chief cells. These cells have either slightly eosinophilic or vacuolated cytoplasm, and round nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004304 biolink:NamedThing mixed cell type adenoma of parathyroid A parathyroid gland adenoma that contains a mixture of neoplastic cells (chief cells, oncocytes, and clear cells). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004305 biolink:NamedThing parathyroid oncocytic adenoma A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly or entirely of neoplastic cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004483 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland oncocytic adenoma A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004307 biolink:NamedThing sarcomatosis of the meninges A rare condition characterized by diffuse spread of sarcoma cells throughout the meninges. The neoplastic cells are derived from meningeal connective tissue. Clinically, this disorder may present as a fulminant pachymeningitis and/or encephalitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024663 biolink:NamedThing primary skin meningioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004318 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary type ovarian small cell carcinoma An aggressive small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the ovary. Morphologically, it resembles the small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004319 biolink:NamedThing hypercalcemic type ovarian small cell carcinoma An undifferentiated small cell carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is associated with hypercalcemia. Electron microscopic studies show neurosecretory granules are either absent or, when present, are in small numbers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016038 biolink:NamedThing calcified aponeurotic fibroma A rare slow-growing benign neoplasm arising from the soft tissues in children. It is a poorly circumscribed tumor characterized by the presence of chondrocyte-like cells, nodular calcification, nuclear palisading, and in some cases osteoclastic giant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037253 biolink:NamedThing ovarian thecoma A stromal tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of cells that contain lipid and resemble theca cells. The vast majority of cases are benign. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006297 biolink:NamedThing maxillary sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the maxillary sinus. It usually has an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004329 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with high grade dysplasia A non-invasive pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that exhibit loss of polarity, nuclear stratification, hyperchromasia, and pleomorphism. There is severe architectural atypia and frequent mitotic figures present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004381 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia A non-invasive pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that form a single layer and are well polarized. The neoplastic cells exhibit small and uniform nuclei, mild pleomorphism, and rare mitotic figures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004333 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic ACTH-producing neuroendocrine tumor A malignant, ectopic ACTH secreting pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, associated with Cushing's syndrome. The prognosis is usually poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024638 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic gastrinoma A neuroendocrine tumor arising from the pancreas. It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of gastrin and associated with Zollinger Ellison syndrome. The latter is characterized by the presence of peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and malabsorption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024677 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic insulinoma An insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. Patients exhibit symptoms related to hypoglycemia due to inappropriate secretion of insulin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004468 biolink:NamedThing anal canal Paget disease Paget disease involving the squamous epithelium of the anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004338 biolink:NamedThing retinal cell cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004349 biolink:NamedThing retina lymphoma A lymphoma that involves the retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004356 biolink:NamedThing childhood multilocular cystic kidney neoplasm A cystic neoplasm which arises from the kidney and occurs in children. It includes the cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma and cases in which nephroblastomatous elements are not present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004554 biolink:NamedThing childhood kidney angiomyolipoma An angiomyolipoma occurring in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004361 biolink:NamedThing adult spinal cord ependymoma An ependymoma of the spinal cord occurring in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004366 biolink:NamedThing mixed astrocytoma-ependymoma-oligodendroglioma A mixed glioma characterized by the presence of astrocytic, ependymal, and oligodendroglial neoplastic components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004393 biolink:NamedThing mixed astrocytoma-ependymoma A tumor of mixed cell type with astrocytic components as well as ependymoma components. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020081 biolink:NamedThing macrophage or histiocytic tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020082 biolink:NamedThing dendritic cell tumor A dendritic cell tumor develops from the cells of the immune system. This condition typically begins in the lymph system and may spread to nearby organs or distant parts of the body (metastasize). There are five subtypes of dendritic cell tumors: follicular dendritic cell tumor, interdigitating dendritic cell tumor, Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, Langerhans' cell sarcoma, and dendritic cell sarcoma not specified otherwise. The symptoms and severity of the condition depend on the subtype and location of the tumor. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004385 biolink:NamedThing adult xanthogranuloma A xanthogranuloma that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004386 biolink:NamedThing uterine corpus atypical polypoid adenomyoma An adenomyoma that arises from the uterine corpus and is characterized by the presence of marked glandular architectural complexity. It may recur following excision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004397 biolink:NamedThing benign mediastinal psammomatous neurilemmoma A schwannoma that arises from the posterior mediastinum. It is characterized by the presence of psammoma bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004400 biolink:NamedThing malignant type A thymoma A type A thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004407 biolink:NamedThing stroma-dominant and stroma-poor composite ganglioneuroblastoma A neuroblastic tumor characterized by the presence of a ganglioneuroblastoma component and the formation of Schwannian stroma which is the predominant component of the tumor volume. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004408 biolink:NamedThing schwannian stroma-rich and stroma-poor composite ganglioneuroblastoma A neuroblastic tumor characterized by the presence of a ganglioneuroblastoma component and the formation of Schwannian stroma which constitutes more than fifty-percent of the tumor volume. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004409 biolink:NamedThing nipple duct carcinoma A carcinoma that develops in the ducts of the nipple. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015873 biolink:NamedThing Paget disease of the nipple Paget disease of the nipple describes a rare presentation of breast cancer, seen most frequently in women aged 50-60, manifesting with nipple drainage and itching, erythema, crusty and excoriated nipple, thickened plaques, and hyperpigmentation (less frequently). It is due to tumor cells invading the nipple-areola complex and represents 1-3% of all new breast cancer diagnoses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004422 biolink:NamedThing cerebral falx meningioma A meningioma that affects the falx cerebri. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004426 biolink:NamedThing frontal convexity meningioma A meningioma that affects the frontal sulcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004436 biolink:NamedThing ovarian myxoid liposarcoma A liposarcoma that arises from the ovary and is composed of round to oval mesenchymal cells, small signet ring lipoblasts, and a rich network of capillaries in a myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013280 biolink:NamedThing myxoid liposarcoma A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of round non-lipogenic primitive mesenchymal cells and small signet ring lipoblasts within a myxoid stoma with a branching vascular pattern. This category includes hypercellular lesions with round cell morphology, formerly known as round cell liposarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004443 biolink:NamedThing chest wall parachordoma A parachordoma arising from the chest wall. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004454 biolink:NamedThing cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma A congenital mesoblastic nephroma characterized by increased cellularity, sheet-like proliferation of fibroblastic cells, and increased mitotic activity. Necrotic changes are commonly present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004455 biolink:NamedThing classic congenital mesoblastic nephroma A congenital mesoblastic nephroma characterized by the presence of interlacing fascicles of fibroblastic cells, low mitotic activity, and collagen formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004460 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland fetal adenoma A thyroid gland adenoma composed of microfollicular structures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004524 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland atypical follicular adenoma A thyroid gland adenoma with increased cellularity and nuclear atypia. There is no capsular or vascular invasion. The clinical course is benign. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004558 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland macrofollicular adenoma A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large size follicles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009692 biolink:NamedThing primary myelofibrosis Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia is a myeloproliferative disease with annual incidence of approximately 1 case per 100,000 individuals and age at diagnosis around 60 (an increased prevalence is noted in Ashkenazi Jews). Clinical manifestations depend on the type of blood cell affected and may include anemia, pallor, splenomegaly, hypermetabolic state, petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, portal hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023119 biolink:NamedThing familial myelofibrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043168 biolink:NamedThing panostotic fibrous dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800305 biolink:NamedThing myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000000 biolink:NamedThing infectious discitis An infection of the intervertebral disc space. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004472 biolink:NamedThing breast columnar cell mucinous carcinoma An invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of tall columnar neoplastic cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Grossly, cystic changes are not identified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021288 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of hypopharynx A in situ carcinoma that involves the hypopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044638 biolink:NamedThing hypopharynx squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the hypopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007965 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, malignant familial intraocular DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011954 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012183 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012842 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013133 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013510 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014368 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004486 biolink:NamedThing endocervical type cervical adenomyoma An adenomyoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of endocervical mucinous glands and a smooth muscle cell component. There is no atypia or significant mitotic activity present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004487 biolink:NamedThing endometrial type cervical adenomyoma An adenomyoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of endometrial type glands and endometrial stroma, surrounded by smooth muscle. There is no evidence of atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004488 biolink:NamedThing cervical atypical polypoid adenomyoma An adenomyoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of a glandular component exhibiting architectural complexity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035647 biolink:NamedThing childhood-onset Steinert myotonic dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035648 biolink:NamedThing juvenile-onset Steinert myotonic dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035649 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset Steinert myotonic dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035650 biolink:NamedThing late-onset Steinert myotonic dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005021 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy which is characterized by dilation and contractile dysfunction of the left and right ventricles. It may be idiopathic, or it may result from a myocardial infarction, myocardial infection, or alcohol abuse. It is a cause of congestive heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005045 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy A condition in which the myocardium is hypertrophied without an obvious cause. The hypertrophy is generally asymmetric and may be associated with obstruction of the ventricular outflow tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005201 biolink:NamedThing restrictive cardiomyopathy A type of heart disorder referring to the inability of the ventricles to fill with blood because the myocardium (heart muscle) stiffens and looses its flexibility. Causes include replacement of the myocardium with scar tissue, abnormal cellular infiltration of the myocardium, or deposition of a substance (e.g., amyloid) in the myocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016587 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heart muscle disease that consists in progressive dystrophy of primarily the right ventricular myocardium with fibro-fatty replacement and ventricular dilation, and that is clinically characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and a risk of sudden cardiac death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004500 biolink:NamedThing lung superior sulcus carcinoma A carcinoma originating from the apical lung. Most superior sulcus lung carcinomas are bronchogenic carcinomas. This carcinoma may be associated with Pancoast syndrome. lt is also known as Pancoast tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004503 biolink:NamedThing upper clivus meningioma A meningioma that affects the upper clivus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004511 biolink:NamedThing lower clivus meningioma A meningioma that affects the lower clivus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004514 biolink:NamedThing chronic rhinitis Chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity mucosa. It may lead to post-nasal drip resulting in chronic sore throat and chronic cough. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005659 biolink:NamedThing atrophic rhinitis A chronic inflammation in which the nasal mucosa gradually changes from a functional to a non-functional lining without mucociliary clearance. It is often accompanied by degradation of the bony turbinates, and the foul-smelling mucus which forms a greenish crust (ozena). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011786 biolink:NamedThing allergic rhinitis Inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes caused by an IgE-mediated response to external allergens. The inflammation may also involve the mucous membranes of the sinuses, eyes, middle ear, and pharynx. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and itching. It may lead to fatigue, drowsiness, and malaise thus causing impairment of the quality of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005998 biolink:NamedThing trombiculiasis Infestation with mites of the genus Trombiculidae, whose larvae carry the rickettsial agent of scrub typhus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004529 biolink:NamedThing non-ossifying fibromyxoid tumor A rare soft tissue tumor of uncertain lineage characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle to round cells forming cords in a fibromyxoid stroma. Metaplastic bone formation is not present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006330 biolink:NamedThing ossifying fibromyxoid tumor A rare soft tissue tumor of uncertain lineage characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle to round cells forming cords in a fibromyxoid stroma. The lesions are associated with the formation of metaplastic bone. Most patients present with painless subcutaneous masses. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004542 biolink:NamedThing cervical adenosquamous carcinoma, glassy cell variant A poorly differentiated variant of adenosquamous carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells with ground glass cytoplasm and stromal eosinophilic infiltrates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004544 biolink:NamedThing chordoid meningioma A WHO grade II, usually recurring meningioma characterized by the predominance of tissues that are histologically similar to chordoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004551 biolink:NamedThing Meckel diverticulitis Inflammation of a congenital diverticulum of the lower intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004560 biolink:NamedThing follicular infundibulum tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007564 biolink:NamedThing pilomatrixoma Pilomatrixoma is a rare and benign hair cell-derived tumor occurring mostly in young adults (usually under the age of 20) and characterized as a 3-30 mm solitary, painless, firm, mobile, deep dermal or subcutaneous tumor, most commonly found in the head, neck or upper extremities. When superficial, the tumors tint the skin blue-red. Multiple pilomatrixomas are seen in myotonic dystrophy, Gardner syndrome, Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, and Turner syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018850 biolink:NamedThing proliferating trichilemmal cyst Proliferating trichilemmal tumor is a rare large, multinodular, usually benign, tumor that is generally located in the posterior part of the scalp in aged women (over 50 years). It first appears as a painless nodule that later grows into a solid or partially cystic tumor that is mobile over the underlying subcutaneous tissues. It can present ulceration, inflammation or even bleeding and can cause necrosis of the adjacent tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004574 biolink:NamedThing pyridoxine deficiency anemia Deficiency of vitamin B6. It is usually caused by alcoholism, malabsorption, or as a side effect of medications. Signs and symptoms include stomatitis, glossitis, dermatitis, peripheral neuropathy, irritability, seizures, and anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006676 biolink:NamedThing beriberi Beriberi is a condition that occurs in people who are deficient in thiamine (vitamin B1). There are two major types of beriberi: wet beriberi which affects the cardiovascular system and dry beriberi which affects the nervous system. People with wet beriberi may experience increased heart rate, shortness of breath, and swelling of the lower legs. Signs and symptoms of dry beriberi include difficulty walking; loss of feeling in the hands and/or feet; paralysis of the lower legs; mental confusion; speech difficulty; pain; and/or vomiting. Beriberi is rare in the United States since many foods are now vitamin enriched; however, alcohol abuse, dialysis and taking high doses of diuretics increases the risk of developing the condition. In most cases,beriberi occurs sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. A rare condition known as genetic beriberi is inherited (passed down through families) and is associated with an inability to absorb thiamine from foods. Treatment generally includes thiamine supplementation, given by injection or taken by mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005545 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcus aureus infection An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041879 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcus aureus pneumonia An pneumonia caused by infection with Staphylococcus aureus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100073 biolink:NamedThing methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infectious disease Infections caused by a strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is non-susceptible to the action of the antibiotic, methicillin. The mechanism of resistance usually involves modification of normal or the presence of acquired penicillin binding proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000001 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcus discitis Discitis caused by infection with Staphylococcus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004594 biolink:NamedThing puerperal pulmonary embolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004601 biolink:NamedThing ulcer of lower limbs Ulcer of lower limbs is a chronic ulcer of skin where the ulcer is not a decubitus ulcer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004646 biolink:NamedThing decubitus ulcer Death of tissue due to external pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004604 biolink:NamedThing Hodgkin's lymphoma, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance A subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma with scattered Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and a nodular or less often diffuse cellular background consisting of small lymphocytes and with an absence of neutrophils and eosinophils. (WHO, 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009348 biolink:NamedThing classic Hodgkin lymphoma Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) is a B-cell lymphoma characterized histologically by the presence of large mononuclear Hodgkin cells and multinucleated Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004620 biolink:NamedThing Hodgkin's lymphoma, lymphocytic depletion A diffuse subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma which is rich in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and/or depleted in non-neoplastic lymphocytes. (WHO, 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004633 biolink:NamedThing Hodgkin's lymphoma, mixed cellularity A subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma with scattered Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin cells in a diffuse or vaguely nodular mixed inflammatory background without nodular sclerosing fibrosis. (WHO, 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004665 biolink:NamedThing nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma A subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by collagen bands that surround at least one nodule, and Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells with lacunar type morphology. (WHO, 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020327 biolink:NamedThing classic Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004607 biolink:NamedThing vallecula cancer A cancer involving a epiglottic vallecula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004611 biolink:NamedThing soft palate cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the soft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005286 biolink:NamedThing palatal neoplasm A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the hard palate, soft palate, or uvula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004719 biolink:NamedThing hard palate cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the hard palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021480 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of soft palate A benign neoplasm that involves the soft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021518 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of hard palate A benign neoplasm that involves the hard palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004645 biolink:NamedThing cheek mucosa cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the buccal mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004727 biolink:NamedThing vestibule of mouth cancer A cancer that involves the oral opening. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004615 biolink:NamedThing upper gum cancer A cancer involving a gingiva of upper jaw. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004713 biolink:NamedThing lower gum cancer A cancer involving a gingiva of lower jaw. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005770 biolink:NamedThing genital herpes Herpes simplex infection of the genitals, most commonly caused by the herpes simplex-2 virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017381 biolink:NamedThing congenital herpes simplex virus infection Congenital herpes virus infection is a group of anomalies that an infant may present as a result of maternal infection and subsequent foetal infection with herpes virus. This virus causes recurrent cutaneous infections in adults, often involving the lips or the genitalia. Herpes infections in other organs, such as the liver or central nervous system, are less frequent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100359 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex type 1 infectious disease A disease caused by infection with herpes simplex type 1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100360 biolink:NamedThing herpes simplex type 2 infectious disease A disease caused by infection with herpes simplex type 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004619 biolink:NamedThing measles A highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus. Symptoms appear 8-12 days after exposure and include a rash, cough, fever and muscle pains that can last 4-7 days. Measles vaccines are available to provide prophylaxis, usually combined with mumps and rubella vaccines (MMR). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004621 biolink:NamedThing upper lip cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the upper lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004673 biolink:NamedThing lower lip cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the lower lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004624 biolink:NamedThing uvula cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the palatine uvula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021476 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of tongue A benign neoplasm that involves the tongue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004635 biolink:NamedThing postcricoid region cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the postcricoid region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004733 biolink:NamedThing pyriform sinus cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the pyriform sinus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004636 biolink:NamedThing lip carcinoma in situ A in situ carcinoma that involves the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004639 biolink:NamedThing perinatal necrotizing enterocolitis A fulminating disease of neonates in which there is extensive mucosal ulceration, pseudomembrane formation, submucosal hemorrhage, and necrosis usually of the right colon, cecum, terminal ileum, and appendix, possibly due to perinatal intestinal ischemia and bacterial invasion. Progression can lead to necrosis, perforation and/or scarring of the intestinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006998 biolink:NamedThing tonsil cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the tonsil. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004690 biolink:NamedThing tonsillar fossa cancer A cancer involving a tonsillar fossa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044884 biolink:NamedThing tonsillar lymphoma A primary lymphoma that affects the tonsil and the bulk of the tumor is in this anatomic area. The majority of cases are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005029 biolink:NamedThing essential thrombocythemia A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm that involves primarily the megakaryocytic lineage. It is characterized by sustained thrombocytosis in the blood, increased numbers of large, mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and episodes of thrombosis and/or hemorrhage. (WHO, 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006311 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm A category of clonal hematopoietic disorders that have both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features at the time of initial presentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006450 biolink:NamedThing therapy-related myeloid neoplasm Acute myeloid leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or radiation that are used for the treatment of neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008040 biolink:NamedThing transient myeloproliferative syndrome A myeloid proliferation occurring in newborns with Down syndrome. It is clinically and morphologically indistinguishable from acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with GATA1 mutations. The blasts display morphologic and immunophenotypic features of megakaryocytic lineage. In the majority of patients the myeloid proliferation undergoes spontaneous remission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009695 biolink:NamedThing myeloproliferative disease, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019452 biolink:NamedThing myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable This subgroup of myeloproliferative neoplasms includes cases which do not meet the morphologic criteria of any of the defined myeloproliferative neoplasms, or which have characteristics that overlap at least two of the myeloproliferative neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020703 biolink:NamedThing erythroid neoplasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004975 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease A progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of function and death of nerve cells in several areas of the brain leading to loss of cognitive function such as memory and language. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007488 biolink:NamedThing Lewy body dementia A progressive form of dementia characterized by the presence of protein deposits called Lewy bodies in the midbrain and cerebral cortex, and loss of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons. The signs and symptoms overlap with Alzheimer and Parkinson disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019976 biolink:NamedThing dementia pugilistica Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may result from diffuse axonal injury; intracranial hemorrhages; brain edema; and other conditions. Clinical features may include dementia; focal neurologic deficits; persistent vegetative state; akinetic mutism; or coma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020144 biolink:NamedThing cerebrovascular dementia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035161 biolink:NamedThing progressive dementia with neuroserpin inclusion bodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005824 biolink:NamedThing Legionnaires' disease A pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella species, which is characterized by fever, cough, progressive respiratory distress, and which is often accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005867 biolink:NamedThing Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection of the lungs (lung) and bronchi, particularly the lower lobes of the lungs, by mycoplasma pneumoniae in humans. In sheep, it is caused by mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. In cattle, it may be caused by mycoplasma dispar. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005970 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcal pneumonia Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus staphylococcus, usually with staphylococcus aureus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005972 biolink:NamedThing streptococcal pneumonia A febrile disease caused by streptococcus pneumoniae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030602 biolink:NamedThing Klebsiella pneumonia An pneumonia caused by infection with Klebsiella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037398 biolink:NamedThing pneumonia caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa infection A rare pulmonary disease characterized by primary or nonbacteremic pneumonia most frequently arising in an intensive care setting, or bacteremic pneumonia, which is typically associated with neutropenia. Chronic lower respiratory tract infection with development of episodes of pneumonia is common in patients with cystic fibrosis. Acute infections are potentially life-threatening. Patients present with fever, chills, dyspnea, cyanosis, productive cough, as well as signs of severe systemic toxicity. Alveolar hemorrhage, necrosis, and, eventually, cavity formation, are commonly seen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015102 biolink:NamedThing non-secreting chemodectoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004653 biolink:NamedThing atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL1 negative A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the principal involvement of the neutrophil series with leukocytosis and multilineage dysplasia. The neoplastic cells do not have a Philadelphia chromosome or the BCR/ABL fusion gene. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011996 biolink:NamedThing chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. It presents with neutrophilic leukocytosis. It can appear at any age, but it mostly affects middle aged and older individuals. Patients usually present with fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly. If untreated, it follows a biphasic or triphasic natural course; an initial indolent chronic phase which is followed by an accelerated phase, a blast phase, or both. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and tyrosine kinase inhibitors delay disease progression and prolong overall survival. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024685 biolink:NamedThing Philadelphia-positive myelogenous leukemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020077 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease Clonal myeloid disorders that possess both dysplastic and proliferative features but are not properly classified as either MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES or MYELOPROLIFERATIVE disorderS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004661 biolink:NamedThing trachea carcinoma in situ A carcinoma that arises from the tracheal mucosa and is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004667 biolink:NamedThing sublingual gland cancer A rare malignant neoplasm that arises from the sublingual gland. The majority are carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021242 biolink:NamedThing sublingual gland neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the sublingual gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021495 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of sublingual gland A benign neoplasm that involves the sublingual gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004700 biolink:NamedThing parotid gland cancer A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the parotid gland. Representative examples include carcinoma, malignant mixed tumor, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021368 biolink:NamedThing neoplasm of major salivary gland A neoplasm (disease) that involves the major salivary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006651 biolink:NamedThing anterior uveitis Inflammation of the iris and anterior chamber of the eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006806 biolink:NamedThing intermediate uveitis Inflammation of the pars plana. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006990 biolink:NamedThing suppurative uveitis Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or meningococcemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017255 biolink:NamedThing panuveitis A disorder characterized by inflammation of the entire uvea which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Causes include systemic infections, sarcoidosis, and cancers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031012 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune uveitis An autoimmune form of uveitis (disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006830 biolink:NamedThing leukoplakia of penis A precancerous condition characterized by the presence of abnormal whitish areas on the glans or prepuce of the penis. Risk factors include chronic irritation, inflammation, and infection of the penis, and poor genital hygiene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004680 biolink:NamedThing primary thrombocytopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004684 biolink:NamedThing plantar fibromatosis A superficial fibromatosis arising from soft tissue of the plantar regions. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, hypercellularity, and an infiltrative growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016037 biolink:NamedThing superficial Fibromatosis A poorly circumscribed, intermediate fibrocytic neoplasm arising from the superficial soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, and an infiltrative growth pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006345 biolink:NamedThing palmar fibromatosis A superficial fibromatosis arising from the soft tissue of the palm. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, and an infiltrative growth pattern. It predominantly affects adult males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016039 biolink:NamedThing infantile digital fibromatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004686 biolink:NamedThing lattice corneal dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007374 biolink:NamedThing Schnyder corneal dystrophy Schnyder corneal dystrophy (SCD) is a rare form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by corneal clouding or crystals within the corneal stroma, and a progressive decrease in visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007376 biolink:NamedThing fleck corneal dystrophy Fleck corneal dystrophy (FCD) is a rare generally asymptomatic form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by multiple asymptomatic, non-progressive opacities disseminated throughout the corneal stroma with no effect on visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009018 biolink:NamedThing central cloudy dystrophy of François Central cloudy dystrophy of François is a very rare form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by polygonal or rounded stromal opacities surrounded by clear tissue, and generally no effect on vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012401 biolink:NamedThing congenital stromal corneal dystrophy Congenital stromal corneal dystrophy (CSCD) is an extremely rare form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by opaque flaky or feathery clouding of the corneal stroma, and moderate to severe visual loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013027 biolink:NamedThing posterior amorphous corneal dystrophy Posterior amorphous corneal dystrophy (PACD) is a very rare form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by irregular amorphous sheet-like opacities in the posterior corneal stroma and in Descemet membrane and mildly impaired vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017392 biolink:NamedThing pre-descemet corneal dystrophy Pre-Descemet corneal dystrophy (PDCD) is a rare form of stromal corneal dystrophy characterized by focal, fine, gray opacities in the deep stroma immediately anterior to the Descemet membrane, with no effect on vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004687 biolink:NamedThing severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020642 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease A usually autosomal dominant and less frequently autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by the presence of numerous cysts in the kidneys leading to end-stage renal failure. The autosomal dominant trait is associated with abnormalities on the short arm of chromosome 16. Symptoms in patients with the autosomal dominant trait usually appear at middle age and include abdominal pain, hematuria, and high blood pressure. Patients may develop brain aneurysms and liver cysts. Patients with the autosomal recessive trait present with progressive renal failure early in life and symptoms resulting from hepatic fibrosis. The autosomal recessive trait is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 6. Polycystic kidney disease may also result as a side effect in patients on renal dialysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031062 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021243 biolink:NamedThing parotid gland neoplasm A neoplasm (disease) that involves the parotid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021494 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of parotid gland A benign neoplasm that involves the parotid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006178 biolink:NamedThing dedifferentiated solitary fibrous tumor A solitary fibrous tumor characterized by the presence of areas of abrupt transition to high grade sarcoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004724 biolink:NamedThing submandibular gland cancer A malignant neoplasm involving the submandibular gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006285 biolink:NamedThing major salivary gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma A carcinoma that arises from a pleomorphic adenoma in the major salivary glands. It usually originates in the parotid gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing tumor mass which grew rapidly in the past few months. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive carcinoma have an excellent prognosis. In cases where there is invasion of the surrounding tissues, the clinical course is aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006286 biolink:NamedThing major salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from the major salivary glands. It usually arises from the parotid gland. It is the most common primary carcinoma of the salivary glands and usually presents as a firm and painless mass. It is characterized by the presence of epidermoid cells, mucus producing cells, and cells of intermediate type. The majority of cases have a favorable outcome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021331 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma of parotid gland A carcinoma that involves the parotid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021481 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of submandibular gland A benign neoplasm that involves the submandibular gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008815 biolink:NamedThing argininosuccinic aciduria Argininosuccinic aciduria (ASA) is a disorder of urea cycle metabolism most commonly characterized by either a severe, neonatal-onset form that manifests with hyperammonemia accompanied with vomiting, hypothermia, lethargy and poor feeding in the first few days of life, or late-onset forms (any age outside the newborn period) that manifest with stress or infection-induced episodic hyperammonemia or, in some, behavioral abnormalities and/or learning disabilities. Patients often manifest liver dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017355 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of proline metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of proline metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017356 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of ornithine metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of ornithine metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037870 biolink:NamedThing valine metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of valine metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045018 biolink:NamedThing creatine biosynthetic process disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of creatine biosynthetic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045020 biolink:NamedThing glycine metabolism disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of glycine metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004741 biolink:NamedThing tyrosinemia An autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the FAH, HPD, and TAT genes. It is characterized by deficiency of one of the enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of tyrosine. It results in elevated blood tyrosine levels and accumulation of tyrosine and its byproducts in the liver, kidney, nervous system and other organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007700 biolink:NamedThing hawkinsinuria Hawkinsinuria is an inborn error of tyrosine metabolism characterized by failure to thrive, persistent metabolic acidosis, fine and sparse hair, and excretion of the unusual cyclic amino acid metabolite, hawkinsin ((2-l-cystein-S-yl, 4-dihydroxycyclohex-5-en-1-yl)acetic acid), in the urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008753 biolink:NamedThing alkaptonuria A metabolic disease characterized by the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA) and its oxidized product, benzoquinone acetic acid (BQA), in various tissues (e.g. cartilage, connective tissue) and body fluids (urine, sweat), causing urine to darken when exposed to air as well as grey-blue coloration of the sclera and ear helix (ochronosis), and a disabling joint disease involving both the axial and peripheral joints (ochronotic arthropathy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018135 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 1 Type 1 oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1) describes a group of tyrosine related OCAs that includes OCA1A, OCA1B, type 1 minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1-MP) and type 1 temperature sensitive oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1-TS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004742 biolink:NamedThing primary cerebellar degeneration A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either in isolation or combined with other neurologic manifestations. Sporadic and inherited subtypes occur. Inheritance patterns include autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044651 biolink:NamedThing early-onset progressive encephalopathy-spastic ataxia-distal spinal muscular atrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044877 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration A rare, immune-mediated disorder characterized by cerebellar degeneration due to the presence of an often undetected malignancy (usually carcinoma or lymphoma) in an anatomic site other than the cerebellum. Signs and symptoms include progressive ataxia, dysarthria, and nystagmus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004743 biolink:NamedThing hyperhomocysteinemia A serious metabolic condition caused by mutations in the MTHFR gene, medications, or nutritional deficiency. It results in increased levels of homocysteine in the blood. Patients with this condition are at an increased risk for recurrent blood clots formation and cardiovascular accidents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016826 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria An inborn error of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism characterized by megaloblastic anemia, lethargy, failure to thrive, developmental delay, intellectual deficit and seizures. There are four complementation classes of cobalamin defects (cblC, cblD, cblF and cblJ) that are responsible for methylmalonic acidemia - homocystinuria (methylmalonic acidemia - homocystinuria cblC, cblD cblF and cblJ). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005362 biolink:NamedThing erectile dysfunction Persistent or recurrent inability to achieve or to maintain an erection during sexual activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007013 biolink:NamedThing vasculogenic impotence Inability to achieve and maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction) due to defects in the arterial blood flow to the penis, defect in venous occlusive function allowing blood drainage (leakage) from the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum penis), or both. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004747 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip A congenital abnormality consisting of one or more clefts (splits) in the upper lip, which may be accompanied by a cleft palate; it is the result of the failure of the embryonic parts of the lip to fuse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007335 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 1 Cleft lip with or without cleft palate mapped to chromosome 6p24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010906 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 11 Any orofacial cleft in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BMP4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011276 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012022 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012478 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013023 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013378 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 10 Any orofacial cleft in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SUMO1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013466 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029145 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004772 biolink:NamedThing glaucomatocyclitic crisis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004773 biolink:NamedThing iridocyclitis An inflammation of the iris and the ciliary body DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004775 biolink:NamedThing lens-induced iridocyclitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017634 biolink:NamedThing non-infectious anterior uveitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006757 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic cholestasis Impairment of the bile flow caused by an obstruction in the portion of the bile duct system located outside of the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006874 biolink:NamedThing obstructive jaundice A finding indicating increased bilirubin levels in the blood and urine, due to intrahepatic or extrahepatic obstruction of the biliary system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008867 biolink:NamedThing biliary atresia A rare, biliary tract disease characterized by progressive obliterative cholangiopathy of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, occuring in the embryonic/ perinatal period, leading to severe and persistent neonatal jaundice and acholic stool. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006532 biolink:NamedThing cholesteatoma of external ear A cholesteatoma (disease) that involves the external ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004802 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary eosinophilia A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with eosinophils due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004803 biolink:NamedThing disseminated eosinophilic collagen disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004941 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome A complex systemic syndrome with inflammatory and autoimmune components that affect the skin, fascia, muscle, nerve, blood vessels, lung, and heart. Diagnostic features generally include eosinophilia, myalgia severe enough to limit usual activities of daily living, and the absence of coexisting infectious, autoimmune or other conditions that may induce eosinophilia. Biopsy of affected tissue reveals a microangiopathy associated with diffuse inflammation involving connective tissue. (From Spitzer et al., J Rheumatol Suppl 1996 Oct;46:73-9; Blackburn wd, Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997 Jun;26(6):788-93) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011895 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017833 biolink:NamedThing primary hypereosinophilic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017834 biolink:NamedThing secondary hypereosinophilic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100059 biolink:NamedThing hypereosinophilia of undetermined significance Long-lasting, unexplained and asymptomatic blood hypereosinophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0500000 biolink:NamedThing episodic angioedema with eosinophilia A disorder characterized by episodes of swelling under the skin (angioedema) and an elevated number of the white blood cells known as eosinophils (eosinophilia). During these episodes, symptoms of hives (urticaria), fever, swelling, weight gain and eosinophilia may occur. Symptoms usually appear every 3-4 weeks and resolve on their own within several days. Other cells may be elevated during the episodes, such as neutrophils and lymphocytes. Although the syndrome is often considered a subtype of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndromes, it does not typically have organ involvement or lead to other health concerns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004806 biolink:NamedThing chronic eosinophilic pneumonia Chronic inflammatory disorder of the lungs characterized by the presence of eosinophils in the interalveolar septa and alveolar spaces and peripheral blood eosinophilia. Chest x-rays reveal peripheral infiltrates. Approximately half of the patients have history of asthma or atopic disease. Signs and symptoms include fever, dyspnea, cough, and weight loss. Following treatment with corticosteroids, the eosinophilic infiltrates in the lungs disappear, resulting in dramatic clinical improvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004815 biolink:NamedThing osteosclerotic plasma cell myeloma A plasma cell neoplasm associated with osteosclerotic and fibrotic changes in the bone trabeculae. Often, the lymph nodes show changes resembling the plasma cell variant of Castleman disease. It is often part of POEMS syndrome which is characterized by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004817 biolink:NamedThing non-secretory plasma cell myeloma A rare type of multiple myeloma in which the plasma cells synthesize but do not secrete immunoglobulins. As a result, none of the immunoglobulins appear out of the normal range. The symptoms are generally the same with those of immunoglobulin-secreting myeloma; however, the incidence of renal insufficiency is lower in non-secretory myeloma. The diagnosis can be missed because of the absence of monoclonal immunoglobulin in the serum or urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005235 biolink:NamedThing smoldering plasma cell myeloma A plasma cell myeloma lacking clinical manifestations and organ impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006829 biolink:NamedThing leukemoid reaction A hematology test result that indicates the presence of an increased white blood cell count and increased neutrophil precursors resembling leukemia, in a peripheral blood smear. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004819 biolink:NamedThing indolent plasma cell myeloma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005607 biolink:NamedThing chronic bronchitis A type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the bronchial tree that results in edema, mucus production, obstruction, and reduced airflow to and from the lung alveoli. The most common cause is tobacco smoking. Signs and symptoms include coughing with excessive mucus production, and shortness of breath. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024879 biolink:NamedThing metastatic carcinoma A carcinoma which has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024868 biolink:NamedThing metastatic carcinoma in the adrenal medulla A carcinoma that has spread to the adrenal medulla from an adjacent or distant anatomic site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004840 biolink:NamedThing non-congenital cyst of kidney DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015268 biolink:NamedThing medullary sponge kidney Medullary sponge kidney (MSK) is a birth defect of the tubules - tiny tubes inside the kidneys. In a normal kidney, urine flows through these tubules as it is being formed. In MSK, tiny sacs called cysts form in the medulla (the inner part of the kidney), creating a sponge-like appearance. The cysts keep urine from flowing freely through the tubules. MSK is present at birth but symptoms typically do not occur until adolescence or adulthood. Problems caused by MSK include blood in the urine, kidney stones, and urinary tract infections. MSK rarely leads to more serious problems, such as total kidney failure. There is no cure for this condition, so treatment is aimed at removing kidney stones and treating urinary tract infections with antibiotics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015988 biolink:NamedThing multicystic dysplastic kidney Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a congenital anomaly of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in which one or both kidneys (unilateral or bilateral MCDK respectively) are large, distended by multiple cysts, and non-functional. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004846 biolink:NamedThing placental abruption Vaginal bleeding preceding the 20th week of gestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005030 biolink:NamedThing fetal growth restriction A fetus that does not grow beyond the 10th percentile of conventionally accepted weight for gestational age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005916 biolink:NamedThing placenta accreta The clinical condition in which any part of the placenta invades and is inseparable from the uterine wall. (reVITALize) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005919 biolink:NamedThing placental insufficiency Failure of the placenta to deliver an adequate supply of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004851 biolink:NamedThing toxic myocarditis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023232 biolink:NamedThing giant cell myocarditis An often fatal inflammatory disorder that affects the myocardium. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate in the myocardial tissue that includes multinucleated giant cells. It is often associated with the presence of an autoimmune disorder. Patients present with arrhythmias and/or heart failure. Heart transplantation is the only treatment option available. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004854 biolink:NamedThing ophthalmia neonatorum Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to chemical or infectious causes. Aseptic conjunctivitis is often related to the use of prophylactic medications for infectious conjunctivitis. Septic conjunctivitis is related to perinatal exposure to microorganisms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100011 biolink:NamedThing tendinosis The chronic degeneration of a tendon without inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044138 biolink:NamedThing hyalitis Inflammatory intraocular reaction with clouding and cells in vitreous; often accompanies inflammation of ciliary body, iris, choroid, or retina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017203 biolink:NamedThing chronic endophthalmitis Chronic form of endophthalmitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004864 biolink:NamedThing acute allergic mucoid otitis media A blue drum syndrome caused by an allergen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004871 biolink:NamedThing perianal hematoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004873 biolink:NamedThing internal hemorrhoid A hemorrhoid which originates above the dentate line. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004875 biolink:NamedThing xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis Cholecystitis that is characterized by nodules containing lipid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010939 biolink:NamedThing low phospholipid associated cholelithiasis Low phospholipid associated cholelithiasis is a rare genetic hepatic disease characterized by cholesterol gallstones and intrahepatic stones developing before the age of 40 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043994 biolink:NamedThing acute cholecystitis Acute inflammation of the gallbladder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004877 biolink:NamedThing transient neonatal thrombocytopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004879 biolink:NamedThing senile atrophy of choroid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004883 biolink:NamedThing hereditary choroidal atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004886 biolink:NamedThing diffuse secondary choroid atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004888 biolink:NamedThing partial circumpapillary choroid dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004898 biolink:NamedThing total circumpapillary dystrophy of choroid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004889 biolink:NamedThing total central choroidal atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004890 biolink:NamedThing partial central choroid dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013137 biolink:NamedThing choroidal dystrophy, central areolar 2 Any central areolar choroidal dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013151 biolink:NamedThing choroidal dystrophy, central areolar, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022737 biolink:NamedThing choroideremia hypopituitarism This is an X-linked recessive retinal degenerative disease that leads to degeneration of the choriocapillaris, the retinal pigment epithelium, and the photoreceptor of the eye. Hypopituitarism is the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004900 biolink:NamedThing peripheral vertigo DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008598 biolink:NamedThing trichodysplasia-xeroderma syndrome Trichodysplasia-xeroderma syndrome is an extremely rare, syndromic hair shaft anomaly characterized by sparse, coarse, brittle, excessively dry and slow-growing scalp hair, sparse axillary and pubic hair, sparse or absent eyelashes and eyebrows and dry skin. Hair shaft analysis shows pili torti, longitudinal splitting, grooves, peeling and scaling. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019281 biolink:NamedThing isolated genetic hair shaft abnormality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006726 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic eventration A congenital or acquired abnormality characterized by elevation of the hemidiaphragm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019286 biolink:NamedThing sebaceous gland anomaly A epidermal appendage anomaly that involves the sebaceous gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043777 biolink:NamedThing rhinophyma Progressive enlargement of the nose due to hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands of the tip of the nose and fibrosis. It usually affects older men and is associated with long-standing acne rosacea. It presents as a pink lobulated mass with dilated vessels in the nose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004919 biolink:NamedThing infected hydrocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004924 biolink:NamedThing chronic canaliculitis Chronic form of actinomycosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004927 biolink:NamedThing dacryocystocele A congenital or acquired mucocele that develops in the lacrimal sac. It is usually the result of nasolacrimal duct abnormalities or obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005699 biolink:NamedThing cervicofacial actinomycosis A form of actinomycosis characterized by slow-growing inflammatory lesions of the lymph nodes that drain the mouth (lumpy jaw), reddening of the overlying skin, and intraperitoneal abscesses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021826 biolink:NamedThing aerobic Actinomyces infection Infection with the less common aerobic antinomyces bacteria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004931 biolink:NamedThing residual stage corticosteroid-induced glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005584 biolink:NamedThing congenital left-sided heart lesions Serious heritable structural anomalies of the left side of the heart, including hypoplastic left heart syndrome, aortic valve stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, mitral valve anomalies and bicuspid aortic valve, that are present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019820 biolink:NamedThing univentricular cardiopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015451 biolink:NamedThing univentricular heart Univentricular heart (UVH) is a severe congenital cardiac malformation characterized by both atria related entirely or almost entirely to one functionally single ventricular chamber. The clinical manifestations include congestive heart failure, failure to thrive, cyanosis, hypoxemia and neurodevelopmental disabilities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004942 biolink:NamedThing orbit lymphoma A lymphoma that arises from the structures of the orbit. Representative examples include mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017594 biolink:NamedThing indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017595 biolink:NamedThing aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018621 biolink:NamedThing lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma without IgM production DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0004977 biolink:NamedThing angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma A mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by systemic disease and a polymorphous infiltrate involving lymph nodes and extranodal sites. The clinical course is typically aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020325 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic large cell lymphoma Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare and aggressive peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, belonging to the group of CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders, which affects lymph nodes and extranodal sites. It is comprised of two sub-types, based on the expression of a protein called anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK): ALK positive and ALK negative ALCL. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005494 biolink:NamedThing triple-negative breast carcinoma An invasive breast carcinoma which is negative for expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012883 biolink:NamedThing acute promyelocytic leukemia An aggressive form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), characterized by arrest of leukocyte differentiation at the promyelocyte stage, due to a specific chromosomal translocation t(15;17) in myeloid cells. APL manifests with easy bruising, hemorrhagic diathesis and fatigue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015166 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015667 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia by FAB classification Acute myeloid leukemias that do not fulfill the criteria for inclusion in the group of acute myeloid leukemias which have recurrent genetic abnormalities or myelodysplastic changes, or are therapy-related. This category includes entities classified according to the French-American-British classification scheme. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017894 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with CEBPA somatic mutations Acute myeloid leukemia with CEBPA somatic mutations is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities, characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid blasts harboring somatic mutations of the CEBPA gene in the bone marrow, blood and, rarely, other tissues. It can present with anemia, thrombocytopenia, and other nonspecific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoesis (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain) and/or extramedullary site involvement (gingivitis, splenomegaly). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018256 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;16)(p11;p13) translocation A distinct form of Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which this chromosomal anomaly is found de novo or in therapy-related AML cases, and is characterized by frequent extramedullary involvement (mainly hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathies, cutaneous infiltration, but also gum, bone, central nervous system, testicles involvement), severe coagulation disorder (disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or primary fibrinolysis) and poor prognosis. Morphologically, a blast population with a myelomonocytic stage of differentiation is observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018433 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34) Acute myeloid leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities characterized by clonal proliferation of poorly differentiated myeloid blasts in the bone marrow, blood, or other tissues in patients who present the t(6;9)(p23;q34) translocation. Frequently associated with multilineage bone marrow dysplasia, it usually presents with anemia, thrombocytopenia (often pancytopenia), and other nonspecific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoesis (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain) and/or extramedullary site involvement (gingivitis, splenomegaly). Basophilia, as well as poor response to chemotherapy, has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018434 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with t(9;11)(p22;q23) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018435 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with inv3(p21;q26.2) or t(3;3)(p21;q26.2) Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21;q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid blasts in the bone marrow, blood and, rarely, other tissues. Bone marrow typically shows small, hypolobated megakaryocytes and multilineage dyslplasia. Patients typically present with leukocytosis, anemia, variable platelet counts and a variety of nonspecific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoesis (fatigue, bleeding, bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain) and/or extramedullary site involvement (gingivitis, splenomegaly). High resistance to conventional chemotherapy is reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018436 biolink:NamedThing megakaryoblastic acute myeloid leukemia with t(1;22)(p13;q13) Megakaryoblastic acute myeloid leukemia with t(1;22)(p13;q13) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid blasts with predominantly megakaryoblastic differentiation in the bone marrow and blood, often with extensive infiltration of the abdominal organs. It occurs typically in infants and usually presents with hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia and nonspecific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoesis (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections). Myelofibrosis and fibrosis of other infiltrated organs is also characteristic of this disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018437 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1 somatic mutations Acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1 somatic mutations is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid blasts harboring mutations of the NPM1 gene in the bone marrow, blood and other tissues. It is associated with multilineage dysplasia, involving the myeloid, monocytic, erythroid, and megakaryocytic cell lineages. Patients usually present with leukocytosis, thrombocytosis and nonspecific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoesis (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain), with frequent extramedullary involvement typically presenting as gingival hyperplasia and lymphadenopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019456 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia An acute myeloid leukemia arising de novo and not as a result of treatment. It is characterized by the presence of myelodysplastic features in at least 50% of the cells of at least two hematopoietic cell lines. Patients often present with severe cytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019457 biolink:NamedThing therapy related acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome An acute myeloid leukemia secondary to a myelodysplastic syndrome or therapy-related. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019460 biolink:NamedThing acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage An acute leukemia in which the blasts lack sufficient evidence to classify as myeloid or lymphoid or they have morphologic and/or immunophenotypic characteristics of both myeloid and lymphoid cells. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020316 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with abnormal bone marrow eosinophils inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16)(p13;q22) Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) is a cancer that typically develops in the bone marrow and blood of older individuals.AMML is one type of acute myeloid leukemia, a group of blood cancers that occur when the amount of white blood cells increases rapidly. Symptoms of AMML often include fatigue (due to anemia) or easy bruising or bleeding (due to thrombocytopenia). The cause of AMML is currently unknown. Treatment typically consists of chemotherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020317 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23 abnormalities An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(9;11)(p22.3;q23.3) and MLLT3-KMT2A fusion protein expression. Morphologically it usually has monocytic features. It may present at any age but it is more commonly seen in children. Patients may present with disseminated intravascular coagulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035112 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with BCR-ABL1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044923 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with mutated NPM1 An acute myeloid leukemia with mutation of the nucleophosmin gene. It is usually associated with normal karyotype and frequently has myelomonocytic or monocytic features. It usually responds to induction therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100373 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, inv(16)(p13.1;q22) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly inv(16)(p13.1;q22). (A chromosomal inversion that involves chromosome 16. It is associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia CBFB-MYH11, acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils, and granulocytic sarcoma.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100374 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(16;16)(p13.1;q22) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(16;16)(p13.1;q22). (A chromosomal translocation that involves chromosome 16. It is often associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia CBFB-MYH11, acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils, and granulocytic sarcoma.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100375 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(15;17)(q24;q21) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(15;17)(q24;q21). (A chromosomal translocation associated with creation of a fusion between the PML and RARA genes. It is seen in variants of acute promyelocytic leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100376 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the short arm (p21.3) of chromosome 9 and the long arm (q23.3) of chromosome 11. It is associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia with the MLLT3-MLL fusion gene transcript.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100377 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(10;11)(p12;q23) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(10;11)(p12;q23). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of chromosome 10p12 with chromosome 11q23. It is associated with acute myeloid leukemia in childhood.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100378 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(10;11)(p11.2;q23) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(10;11)(p11.2;q23). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the short arm (p11.2) of chromosome 10 and the long arm (q23) of chromosome 11. It is associated with KMT2A (MLL)/ABI1 fusions and acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100379 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(1;11)(q21;q23) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(1;11)(q21;q23). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q21) of chromosome 1 and the long arm (q23) of chromosome 11. It is associated with KMT2A (MLL)/MLLT11 (AF1Q) fusions, acute myeloid leukemia and some cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100380 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(4;11)(q21;q23) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(4;11)(q21;q23). (A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the translocation of 4q21 with 11q23.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100381 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(6;11)(q27;q23) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(6;11)(q27;q23). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q27) of chromosome 6 and the long arm (q23) of chromosome 11. It is associated with the development of de novo acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100382 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(6;9)(p23;q34.1) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(6;9)(p23;q34.1). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the short arm (p23) of chromosome 6 and the long arm (q34.1) of chromosome 9. It is associated with DEK/NUP214 fusions, acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100383 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(11;19)(q23;p13) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(11;19)(q23;p13). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q23) of chromosome 11 and the short arm (p13) of chromosome 19. It is associated with KMT2A (MLL) fusions, including those with MLLT1 (ENL) and ELL, and acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100384 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(11;19)(q23;p13.1). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q23) of chromosome 11 and the short arm (p13.1) of chromosome 19. It is associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia with variant MLL translocations and topoisomerase II inhibitor-related acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100385 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(11;19)(q23.3;p13.3) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(11;19)(q23.3;p13.3). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q23.3) of chromosome 11 and the short arm (p13.3) of chromosome 19. It is associated with KMT2A (MLL)/MLLT1 (ENL) fusions and acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100386 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(v;11q23.3) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(v;11q23.3). (A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the translocation of genetic material from any one of several chromosomes to the 11q23.3 region, resulting in an MLL gene rearrangement.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100387 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, Monosomy 7 Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly Monosomy 7. (A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of one of the copies of chromosome 7 in somatic cells.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100388 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, Monosomy 5 Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly Monosomy 5. (A cytogenetic aneuploidy abnormality that refers to the presence of one chromosome 5 only. It is associated with the development of refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with multilineage dysplasia, and refractory anemia with multilineage dysplasia and ringed sideroblasts.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100389 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, Trisomy 8 Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly Trisomy 8. (A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the presence of a third copy of chromosome 8 in somatic cells.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100390 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, der12p Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly der12p. (A cytogenetic abnormality involving the rearrangement of two or more other chromosomes with the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p).) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100391 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(2;12) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(2;12). (A cytogenetic abnormality that involves a translocation between chromosomes 2 and 12.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100392 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(11;17) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(11;17). (A cytogenetic abnormality that involves a translocation between chromosomes 11 and 17.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100393 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(8;16) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(8;16). (A cytogenetic abnormality that involves a translocation between chromosomes 8 and 16.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100394 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(1;22) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(1;22). (A cytogenetic abnormality that involves a translocation between chromosomes 1 and 22.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100395 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(5;11)(q35;p15) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(5;11)(q35;p15). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of chromosome 11p15 with chromosome 5q35. It results in the formation of NUP98/NSD1 fusion gene. It is associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia with t(5;11)(q35;p15); NUP98-NSD1.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100396 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(7;12)(q36;p13) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(7;12)(q36;p13). (A chromosomal translocation involving the ETV6 gene on chromosome 12p13 and HLXB9 gene on chromosome 7q36.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100397 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2). (A translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 that is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100398 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, inv(3)(q21.3;q26.2) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly inv(3)(q21.3;q26.2). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to a paracentric inversion involving breakpoints on the long (q23.1 and q26.2) of chromosome 3. It is associated with acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100399 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation where both breakpoints are on the long arm (q23.1 and q26.2) of chromosome 3. It is associated with acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100400 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(3;12)(q23;p12.3) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(3;12)(q23;p12.3). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q23) of chromosome 3 and the short arm (p12.3) of chromosome 12. It is associated with ETV6/MECOM (EVI1) fusions, myeloproliferative disorders, myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myelogenous leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100401 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, del(5q31-q32) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly del(5q31-q32). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to deletion of chromosome bands 31-32 on the long arm of chromosome 5.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100402 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, del(13q14-q21) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly del(13q14-q21). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to deletion of chromosome bands 14-21 on the long arm of chromosome 13.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100403 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, loss of chromosome 17p Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly loss of chromosome 17p. (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the loss of all or part of the short arm of chromosome 17 (17p).) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100404 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, MLL gene rearrangement Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly MLL gene rearrangement. (A molecular abnormality indicating rearrangement of the MLL (KMT2A) gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100405 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, Non-KMT2A MLLT10 rearrangement positive Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly Non-KMT2A MLLT10 rearrangement positive. (An indication that a cytogenetic rearrangement involving MLLT10 but not involving KMT2A was detected in a sample.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100406 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, inv(16)(p13.3;q24.3) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly inv(16)(p13.3;q24.3). (A pericentric chromosomal inversion that involves chromosome 16. It is associated with CBFA2T3/GLIS2 fusions and pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100407 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(11;15)(p15;q35) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(11;15)(p15;q35). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of chromosome 11p15 with chromosome 15q35. It results in the formation of NUP98/JARID1A fusion gene. It is associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia with t(11;15)(p15;q35); NUP98-JARID1A.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100408 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(16;21)(q24;q22) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(16;21)(q24;q22). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q24) of chromosome 16 and the long arm (q22) of chromosome 22. It is associated with RUNX1/CBFA2T3 fusions, myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100409 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(3;5)(q25;q34) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(3;5)(q25;q34). (A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the translocation of the long arm (q25) of chromosome 3 and the long arm (q34) of chromosome 5. It is associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia, and acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100410 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, t(16;21)(p11;q22) Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly t(16;21)(p11;q22). (A chromosomal translocation involving the FUS gene on chromosome 16p11 and the ERG gene on chromosome 21q22.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100412 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, monoallelic CEBPA gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly monoallelic CEBPA gene mutation. (The presence of mutations in only one allele of the CEBPA gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100413 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, biallelic CEBPA gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly biallelic CEBPA gene mutation. (The presence of mutations in both alleles of the CEBPA gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100414 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, CEBPA gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly CEBPA gene mutation. (Mutation of the CEBPA gene encoding CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha. It is seen in acute myeloid leukemias usually associated with a normal karyotype.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100415 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, FLT3 internal tandem duplication Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly FLT3 internal tandem duplication. (A genetic abnormality that arises from duplications of the juxtamembrane portion of the gene and results in constitutive activation of the FLT3 receptor tyrosine kinase protein in early hematopoietic progenitor cells. It is associated with acute myelogenous leukemia where it appears to correlate with a poor prognosis.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100416 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain point mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain point mutation. (Single nucleotide mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain encoded by the human FLT3 gene that are associated with acute myeloid leukemia and poor prognosis.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100417 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, WT1 gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly WT1 gene mutation. (A change in the nucleotide sequence of the WT1 gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100418 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, KIT exon 17 mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly KIT exon 17 mutation. (A molecular genetic abnormality indicating the presence of a mutation in exon 17 of the KIT gene located within 4q11-q12.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100419 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, KIT exon 8 mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly KIT exon 8 mutation. (A molecular genetic abnormality indicating the presence of a mutation in exon 8 of the KIT gene located within 4q11-q12.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100420 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, KIT gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly KIT gene mutation. (A molecular genetic abnormality that refers to mutation of the c-kit (CD117) proto-oncogene. It is associated with the development of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor. It has also been described in acute myeloid leukemias, dysgerminomas, and seminomas.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100421 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, GATA1 gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly GATA1 gene mutation. (A change in the nucleotide sequence of the GATA1 gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100422 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, RUNX1 gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly RUNX1 gene mutation. (A change in the nucleotide sequence of the RUNX1 gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100423 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, PTPN11 gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly PTPN11 gene mutation. (Mutation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 gene. It is seen in cases of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100424 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, NRAS gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly NRAS gene mutation. (A change in the structure of the NRAS gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100425 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia, KRAS gene mutation Any acute myeloid leukemia that has the chromosomal anomaly KRAS gene mutation. (A change in the nucleotide sequence of the KRAS gene.) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018448 biolink:NamedThing clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma is a rare, indolent subtype of clear cell renal carcinoma, arising from epithelial cells in the renal cortex. It most frequently manifests with a well-circumscribed, well-encapsulated, unicentric, unilateral, small tumor that typically does not metastasize. Clinically it can present with flank or abdominal pain or hematuria, although most patients are usually asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Bilateral and/or multifocal presentation should raise the suspicion of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005253 biolink:NamedThing high output heart failure High-output heart failure is a heart condition that occurs when the cardiac output is higher than normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005254 biolink:NamedThing symptomatic heart failure A heart failure which results in symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, inability to exerciseb& etc DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005011 biolink:NamedThing Crohn disease A gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic inflammation involving all layers of the intestinal wall, noncaseating granulomas affecting the intestinal wall and regional lymph nodes, and transmural fibrosis. Crohn disease most commonly involves the terminal ileum; the colon is the second most common site of involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007005 biolink:NamedThing ulcerative proctosigmoiditis Inflammation of the rectum and the distal portion of the colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008617 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 11 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 7q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009051 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous photosensitivity-lethal colitis syndrome Cutaneous photosensitivity and lethal colitisis is a rare inflammatory bowel disease characterized by early cutaneous photosensitivity manifesting by sun-induced facial erythematous and vesicular lesions and severe recurent colitis which lead to untreatable diarrhea. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009960 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 1 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NOD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011087 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 2 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 12p13.2-q24.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011471 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 3 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 6p21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011521 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 7 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1p36. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011661 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 5 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 5q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011699 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 8 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 16p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011700 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 6 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 19p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011701 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 4 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 14q11-q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012040 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 9 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 3p26. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012610 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 10 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATG16L1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012829 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 12 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 3p21.3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012831 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 13 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012832 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 14 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IRF5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012837 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 15 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 10q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012838 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 16 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 9q32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012840 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 17 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL23R gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012841 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 18 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 5p13.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012845 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 19 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IRGM gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012852 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 20 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 10q23-q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012875 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 21 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 18p11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012886 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 22 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 17q21.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012887 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 23 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1q32.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012940 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 24 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome 20q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012973 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 26 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 12q15. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013012 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 27 An inflammatory bowel disease that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 13q13.3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015176 biolink:NamedThing undetermined colitis Underterminate colitis designates a rare inflammatory bowel disease that clinically resembles CrohnBs disease and ulcerative colitis but that cannot be diagnosed as one of them after examination of an intestinal resection specimen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015565 biolink:NamedThing cap polyposis Cap polyposis (CP) is a rare colorectal disease characterized by multiple inflammatory polyps that predominantly affect the rectosigmoid area and that manifests primarily as rectal bleeding with abnormal transit, constipation and diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030314 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease (infantile ulcerative colitis) 31, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033643 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 30 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035362 biolink:NamedThing TRIM22-related inflammatory bowel disease Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRIM22 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035370 biolink:NamedThing ALPI-related inflammatory bowel disease Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALPI gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054849 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 29 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009169 biolink:NamedThing endocardial fibroelastosis Endomyocardial fibroelastosis is a cause of unexplained childhood cardiac insufficiency. It results from diffuse thickening of the endocardium leading to dilated myocardiopathy in the majority of cases and restrictive myocardiopathy in rare cases. It may occur as a primary disorder or may be secondary to another cardiac malformation, notably aortic stenosis or atresia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024518 biolink:NamedThing reactive thrombocytosis A thrombocytosis caused by an underlying condition, such as an infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016729 biolink:NamedThing mixed neuronal-glial tumor A group of central nervous system neoplasms with a variable amount of neuronal and, less consistently, glial differentiation. They occur at a low frequency and usually carry a favorable prognosis. Representative examples include dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma, desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma, desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma, and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016727 biolink:NamedThing extraventricular neurocytoma Extraventricular neurocytoma (EVN), a variant of central neurocytoma, is a rare neuronal neoplasm, composed of round cells with neuronal differentiation, which is located outside of the ventricular system, usually within the spinal cord or cerebral hemispheres and that manifests with headache, nausea, vomiting, complex partial seizures or focal neurological deficits. In some cases it may exhibit atypical features consistent with aggressive clinical behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016730 biolink:NamedThing gangliocytoma A well differentiated, slow growing neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016731 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma/ganglioglioma Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma/ganglioglioma are mixed neuronal-glial tumors representing a histological spectrum of the same tumor. They are usually supratentorially located, large, cystic masses with a peripheral solid component, characterized by prominent desmoplastic stroma and pleomorphic populations of neoplastic cells with either astrocytic or ganglionic differentiation and poorly differentiated cells in variable proportions. They usually present in the first 18 months of age with rapid head growth, bulging anterior fontanel and bone structures over the tumor, signs of raised intracranial pressure (headache, vomiting, papilledema), focal neurological signs and sometimes seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016733 biolink:NamedThing ganglioglioma A well differentiated, slow growing neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells and neoplastic glial cells. Some gangliogliomas show anaplastic features in their glial component and are considered to be WHO grade III. Rare cases of newly diagnosed gangliogliomas with grade IV (glioblastoma) changes in the glial component have also been reported. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016735 biolink:NamedThing papillary glioneuronal tumor A WHO grade I, indolent and relatively circumscribed brain tumor. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of astrocytes that line vascular and hyalinized pseudopapillae. In between the pseudopapillae aggregates of neurocytes, large neurons, and ganglioid cells are present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016736 biolink:NamedThing rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of fourth ventricule A central nervous system neoplasm mostly occurring in the fourth ventricle region. It is characterized by the presence of neurocytes forming pseudorosettes and astrocytes which contain Rosenthal fibers. Cytologic atypia is minimal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019002 biolink:NamedThing Lhermitte-Duclos disease Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) is a very rare disorder characterized by abnormal development and enlargement of the cerebellum, and an increased intracranial pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022963 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, with a prominent desmoplastic stroma having a neuroepithelial population consisting mainly of neoplastic astrocytes. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura. Although clinically it presents as large tumor, it generally has a good prognosis following surgical resection. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022965 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, with a prominent desmoplastic stroma having a neuroepithelial population of neoplastic astrocytes together with a variable neuronal component. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura. Although clinically it presents as a large tumor, it generally has a good prognosis following surgical resection. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015447 biolink:NamedThing differentiated thyroid carcinoma Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), also known as papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma, is a slow-growing malignancy usually presenting in adults as an asymptomatic thyroid mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017895 biolink:NamedThing familial papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma A papillary or follicular thyroid gland carcinoma with a genetic component that develops within the same family. Current studies suggest that it is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. It is often multifocal and bilateral and usually affects younger patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005043 biolink:NamedThing hyperplasia An abnormal increase in the number of cells in an organ or a tissue with consequent enlargement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023370 biolink:NamedThing neoplastic disease or syndrome Either an isolated neoplasm or a syndrome with neoplasm as a major feature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017345 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus-associated mesenchymal tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005764 biolink:NamedThing follicular dendritic cell sarcoma A neoplasm composed of spindle to ovoid cells which have morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics of follicular dendritic cells. It affects lymph nodes and other sites including the tonsils, gastrointestinal tract, spleen, liver, soft tissues, skin, and oral cavity. It usually behaves as a low grade sarcoma. Treatment options include complete surgical removal of the tumor with or without adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Recurrences have been reported in up to half of the cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015757 biolink:NamedThing lymphoid hemopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011672 biolink:NamedThing persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) is a rare, generally benign, lymphoproliferative hematological disease characterized by: chronic, stable, persistent, polyclonal lymphocytosis of memory B-cell origin, the presence of binucleated lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, and a polyclonal increase in serum immunoglobulin M (IgM). Patients are most frequently asymptomatic or may present with mild splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020083 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006172 biolink:NamedThing conjunctival nevus A benign melanocytic neoplasm that arises from the conjunctiva. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007907 biolink:NamedThing lipoma of the conjunctiva DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020753 biolink:NamedThing Orthocoronavirinae infectious disease Infectious disease causes by viruses in the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae (coronaviruses). In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can be mild, such as some cases of the common cold (among other possible causes, predominantly rhinoviruses), and others that can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100096 biolink:NamedThing COVID-19 A disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018361 biolink:NamedThing neonatal scleroderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019562 biolink:NamedThing localized scleroderma Localized scleroderma is the skin localized form of scleroderma characterized by fibrosis of the skin causing cutaneous plaques or strips. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007407 biolink:NamedThing Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis Mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) is a rare multisystem disease characterized by the presence of circulating cryoprecipitable immune complexes in the serum, manifested clinically by a classical triad of purpura, weakness and arthralgia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013276 biolink:NamedThing Reynolds syndrome Reynolds syndrome (RS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the association of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018227 biolink:NamedThing hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (HUV) is an immune complex-mediated small vessel vasculitis characterized by urticaria and hypocomplementemia (low C1q with or without low C3 and C4), and usually associated with circulating anti-C1q autoantibodies. Arthritis, pulmonary disease, ocular inflammation, and glomerulonephritis are common systemic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018589 biolink:NamedThing AApoAIV amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018613 biolink:NamedThing AH amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018671 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related kidney disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019125 biolink:NamedThing relapsing polychondritis Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare, clinically heterogeneous, multisystemic inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the cartilage and proteoglycan rich structures leading to cartilage damage with joint, ocular and cardiovascular involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019127 biolink:NamedThing polymyositis Polymyositis (PM) is a rare idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterized by symmetric proximal muscle weakness and elevated muscle enzymes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019396 biolink:NamedThing collagen type III glomerulopathy Collagen type III glomerulopathy is a rare glomerular disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of type III collagen within the mesangium and subendothelial space of the glomerulus. Clinically it usually manifests with proteinuria (often in the nephrotic range), microscopic hematuria, peripheral edema and/or hypertension. In some cases progression to end-stage renal failure is observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019605 biolink:NamedThing immunotactoid or fibrillary glomerulopathy Immunotactoid or fibrillary glomerulopathy is a group of very rare glomerular diseases, composed of immunotactoid glomerulopathy (ITG) and non-amyloid fibrillary glomerulopathy (non-amyloid FGP), that are characterized by mesangial deposition of monoclonal microtubular or polyclonal fibrillar deposits. Both present clinically with nephrotic range proteinuria, hematuria and renal insufficiency leading to renal failure in many cases. ITG is more likely to manifest with underlying lymphoproliferative disease, hypocomplementemia, dysproteinemia, monoclonal gammopathy or occult cryoglobulinemia. Non-amyloid FGP is 10 times more frequent than ITG. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006574 biolink:NamedThing lipomatosis A neoplastic process characterized by diffuse overgrowth of mature adipose tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100321 biolink:NamedThing viral disease or post-viral disorder A viral infectious disease that result from the presence and activity of a viral agent, or a disorder that follows infection with an viral agent but is distinct from the usual manifestations of the infection itself. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100318 biolink:NamedThing SARS-CoV-2-related disease A viral disease or post-viral disorder caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or the associated aftereffects of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005109 biolink:NamedThing HIV infectious disease An infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005647 biolink:NamedThing anogenital human papillomavirus infection A sexually transmitted papillary growth caused by the human papillomavirus. It usually arises in the skin and mucous membranes of the perianal region and external genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044747 biolink:NamedThing human anaplasmosis An infection that is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which is transmitted to humans by infected ticks; it is characterized by fever, headache, chills, and myalgia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006923 biolink:NamedThing Bacillaceae infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the family bacillaceae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005147 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus A chronic condition characterized by minimal or absent production of insulin by the pancreas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018645 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019835 biolink:NamedThing primary hypophysitis Immune-mediated inflammation of the pituitary gland often associated with other autoimmune diseases (e.g., hashimoto disease; graves disease; and addison disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043985 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system lupus Inflammation that includes the brain, spinal cord and surrounding tissues secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); it is associated with neurological and/or psychiatric features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005139 biolink:NamedThing morbid obesity An excess of body weight, normally defined as an individual with a body mass index greater than 35 or a body weight greater than one hundred percent of ideal body weight. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005142 biolink:NamedThing Pseudomonas aeruginosa CF5 infection A Pseudomonas aeruginosa CF5 infection is a Pseudomonas infection of strain CF5. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040732 biolink:NamedThing Pseudomonas aeruginosa infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005143 biolink:NamedThing Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 infection A Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 infection is a Pseudomonas infection of strain PA14. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041095 biolink:NamedThing malignant otitis externa caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa An malignant otitis externa caused by infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005145 biolink:NamedThing sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which there is no known cause, such as no family history. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008782 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with polyglucosan bodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018687 biolink:NamedThing progressive muscular atrophy A rare, milder form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It is characterized by a slowly progressive clinical course. Signs and symptoms include muscle weakness, atrophy, and fasciculation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005146 biolink:NamedThing post-traumatic stress disorder An anxiety disorder precipitated by an experience of intense fear or horror while exposed to a traumatic (especially life-threatening) event. The disorder is characterized by intrusive recurring thoughts or images of the traumatic event; avoidance of anything associated with the event; a state of hyperarousal and diminished emotional responsiveness. These symptoms are present for at least one month and the disorder is usually long-term. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018242 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hypoparathyroidism An autoimmune form of hypoparathyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018465 biolink:NamedThing insulin autoimmune syndrome Insulin autoimmune syndrome is a rare condition that causes low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). This occurs because the body begins to make a specific kind of protein called antibodies to attack insulin. Insulin is a naturally occurring hormone that is responsible for keeping blood sugar at a normal level. When blood sugar levels get too high, insulin helps to store the sugar for future use. People affected by insulin autoimmune syndrome have antibodies that attack insulin, causing it to work too hard and the level of blood sugar to become too low. Insulin autoimmune syndrome most often begins during adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005148 biolink:NamedThing type 2 diabetes mellitus A type of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by insulin resistance or desensitization and increased blood glucose levels. This is a chronic disease that can develop gradually over the life of a patient and can be linked to both environmental factors and heredity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012819 biolink:NamedThing diabetic ketoacidosis The metabolic condition resulted from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, in which the shift of acid-base status of the body toward the acid side because of loss of base or retention of acids other than carbonic acid is accompanied by the accumulation of ketone bodies in body tissues and fluids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005185 biolink:NamedThing chronic childhood arthritis An older, deprecated term that encompassed three major types of autoimmune or autoinflammatory arthritis in children: systemic-onset, pauciarticular, or polyarticular arthritis. The juvenile rheumatoid arthritis classification system has been replaced by the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) juvenile idiopathic arthritis classification system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023249 biolink:NamedThing polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043267 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid vasculitis Necrotizing VASCULITIS of small and medium size vessels, developing as a complication in RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS patients. It is characterized by peripheral vascular lesions, cutaneous ulcers, peripheral gangrene, and mononeuritis multiplex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005188 biolink:NamedThing iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma A Kaposi sarcoma that develops after organ transplantation or immunosuppressive treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022772 biolink:NamedThing classic Kaposi sarcoma A vascular sarcoma that commonly occurs in the lower extremities. It occurs predominantly in elderly male patients of southern European ancestry. It is characterized by the presence of purple, red-blue, or dark brown macular lesions, plaques and nodules. This disease is usually slow growing, although it can spread to the lungs and the gastrointestinal tract. If necessary, cutaneous lesions can be treated with radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023067 biolink:NamedThing endemic Kaposi sarcoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016778 biolink:NamedThing iatrogenic botulism Iatrogenic botulism is the most recent man-made form of botulism, a rare acquired neuromuscular junction disease with descending flaccid paralysis caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), and it may occur as an adverse event after therapeutic or cosmetic use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034976 biolink:NamedThing iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014100 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1KK Any dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYPN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016333 biolink:NamedThing familial dilated cardiomyopathy A a genetic form of heart disease that occurs when heart (cardiac) muscle becomes thin and weakened in at least one chamber of the heart, causing the open area of the chamber to become enlarged (dilated). As a result, the heart is unable to pump blood as efficiently as usual. To compensate, the heart attempts to increase the amount of blood being pumped through the heart, leading to further thinning and weakening of the cardiac muscle. Over time, this condition results in heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016338 biolink:NamedThing non-familial dilated cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005203 biolink:NamedThing ischemia reperfusion injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic tissues resulting from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (reperfusion), including swelling; hemorrhage; necrosis; and damage from free radicals. The most common instance is myocardial reperfusion injury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005315 biolink:NamedThing bone fracture Breaks in bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043519 biolink:NamedThing burn A traumatic injury involving interruption of tissue cohesiveness that results from exposure to caustic chemicals, extreme heat, extreme cold or excessive radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043895 biolink:NamedThing ankle injury Harm or hurt to the ankle or ankle joint usually inflicted by an external source. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800177 biolink:NamedThing frostbite An injury to the skin and/or its underlying tissues that results from exposure of the affected area to extreme cold. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005204 biolink:NamedThing primary antiphospholipid syndrome An antiphospholipid syndrome that occurs as an isolated disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018737 biolink:NamedThing catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021008 biolink:NamedThing secondary antiphospholipid syndrome An antiphospholipid syndrome that occurs alongside another autoimmune disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005223 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which the blasts do not show evidence of myeloid differentiation by morphology and conventional cytochemistry. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005224 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts without evidence of maturation to more mature neutrophils. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017858 biolink:NamedThing acute erythroid leukemia An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by a predominant immature erythroid population. There are two subtypes recognized: erythroleukemia and pure erythroid leukemia. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018871 biolink:NamedThing acute myelomonocytic leukemia M4 An acute leukemia characterized by the proliferation of both neutrophil and monocyte precursors. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018872 biolink:NamedThing acute megakaryoblastic leukemia Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is a form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that occurs predominantly in childhood and particularly in children with Down syndrome (DS-AMKL). Nonspecific symptoms may be irritability, weakness, and dizziness while specific symptoms include pallor, fever, mucocutaneous bleeding, hepatosplenomegaly, neurological manifestations and rarely lymphadenopathy. Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis may also be associated with AMKL. In contrast to DS-AMKL (around 80 % survival), non-DS-AMKL is an AML subgroup associated with poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019455 biolink:NamedThing acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by bone marrow fibrosis without preexisting primary myelofibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019458 biolink:NamedThing acute basophilic leukemia A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the immature cells differentiate towards basophils. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020320 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts with evidence of maturation to more mature neutrophils. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006541 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of genetic skin diseases that cause the skin to blister very easily. Blisters form in response to minor injuries or friction, such as rubbing or scratching. There are four main types of epidermolysis bullosa: dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Epidermolysis bullosa simplex Junctional epidermolysis bullosa Kindler Syndrome Identifying the exact type can be hard because there are many subtypes of EB. Within each type or subtype, a person may be mildly or severely affected. The disease can range from being a minor inconvenience to completely disabling, and fatal in some cases. Most types of EB are inherited. The inheritance pattern may be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. Management involves protecting the skin, reducing friction against the skin, and keeping the skin cool. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043254 biolink:NamedThing papular urticaria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005238 biolink:NamedThing round cell liposarcoma A poorly differentiated liposarcoma, characterized by the presence of solid sheets of primitive round mesenchymal cells and the absence of myxoid stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005255 biolink:NamedThing mild heart failure Heart failure characterized by mild symptoms (mild shortness of breath and/or angina) and slight limitation during ordinary activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005256 biolink:NamedThing moderate heart failure Heart failure characterized by marked limitation in activity due to symptoms, even during less-than-ordinary activity, e.g. walking short distances (20b100 m). Patients with moderate heart failure are comfortable only at rest. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005257 biolink:NamedThing advanced heart failure Patients with advanced heart failure have severe limitations, experiences symptoms even while at rest and are mostly bedbound patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005258 biolink:NamedThing autism spectrum disorder A spectrum of developmental disorders that includes autism, and Asperger syndrome. Signs and symptoms include poor communication skills, defective social interactions, and repetitive behaviors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015681 biolink:NamedThing childhood disintegrative disorder A rare pervasive developmental disorder with a disease onset before the age of three and characterized by a dramatic loss of behavioral and developmental functioning after atleast two years of normal development. Manifestations of the disease include loss of speech, incontinence, communication and social interaction problems, stereotypical autistic behaviors and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100426 biolink:NamedThing iatrogenic A characteristic of a diseae which results from diagnostic and therapeutic procedures undertaken on a patient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024491 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade 1, general grading system A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is well differentiated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005478 biolink:NamedThing torsades de pointes A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is characterized by heart rate between 200 and 250 beats per minute, and qrs complexes with changing amplitude and twisting of the points. The term also describes the syndrome of tachycardia with prolonged ventricular repolarization, long qt intervals exceeding 500 milliseconds or bradycardia. Torsades de pointes may be self-limited or may progress to ventricular fibrillation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024493 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade 3, general grading system A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is poorly differentiated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016052 biolink:NamedThing atypical autism Atypical autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that does not fit the diagnosis for the other specific autistic spectrum disorders (autism, Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome or childhood disintegrative disorder) and is characterized by usually milder developmental and social delay and less stereotypical autistic behavior. ' DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005259 biolink:NamedThing Asperger syndrome A disorder most often diagnosed in the pediatric years in which the individual displays marked impairment in social interaction and a repetitive, stereotyped pattern of behavior. The individual, however, displays no delay in language or cognitive development, which differentiates Asperger Syndrome from autism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005260 biolink:NamedThing autism Persistent deficits in social interaction and communication and interaction as well as a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest as well as repetitive patterns of behavior. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006685 biolink:NamedThing brain hypoxia - ischemia A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ischemia) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ischemic attack, transient; brain infarction; brain edema; coma; and other conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005272 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome with single lineage dysplasia A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by dysplasia seen in at least 10% of the early cells of 1 cell type (either red blood cells, white blood cells, or megakaryocytes) in the bone marrow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044645 biolink:NamedThing familial monosomy 7 syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044873 biolink:NamedThing childhood myelodysplastic syndrome An uncommon hematologic malignancy occurring during childhood. Many of the morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic changes seen in adult myelodysplastic syndromes are also observed in the childhood variants of the disease. Children present with neutropenia and thrombocytopenia more often than adults, and bone marrow hypocellularity is more often seen in children than adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017181 biolink:NamedThing hypnic headache Conditions in which the primary symptom is headache and the headache cannot be attributed to any known causes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005282 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous lupus erythematosus An autoimmune disorder that manifests as different lupus-specific skin disorders; it can occur with systemic lupus erythematosus, or as a singular disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016474 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced lupus erythematosus An autoimmune disorder, similar to systemic lupus erythematosus, that is caused by certain drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005314 biolink:NamedThing relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis The most common clinical variant of multiple sclerosis, characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations of neurologic dysfunction followed by partial or complete recovery. Common clinical manifestations include loss of visual (see optic neuritis), motor, sensory, or bladder function. Acute episodes of demyelination may occur at any site in the central nervous system, and commonly involve the optic nerves, spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebellum. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005291 biolink:NamedThing brain aneurysm A congenital or acquired aneurysm within the cranium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006693 biolink:NamedThing cerebral arterial disease Pathological conditions of intracranial arteries supplying the cerebrum. These diseases often are due to abnormalities or pathological processes in the anterior cerebral artery; middle cerebral artery; and posterior cerebral artery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006857 biolink:NamedThing middle cerebral artery infarction Necrosis occurring in the middle cerebral artery distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each cerebral hemisphere. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; aphasia; agraphia; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006917 biolink:NamedThing posterior cerebral artery infarction Necrosis induced by ischemia in the posterior cerebral artery distribution system which supplies portions of the brain stem; the thalamus; temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical features include olfaction disorders and visual problems (agnosia; alexia; hemianopsia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005890 biolink:NamedThing osteitis fibrosa A disorder that is characterized by bone cysts and fractures, resulting from hyperparathyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043731 biolink:NamedThing lytic metastatic bone lesion Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800064 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta and a reduction of bone mineral density. A skeletal dysplasia characterized by osteogenesis imperfecta and decreased bone density. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007204 biolink:NamedThing Cole-Carpenter syndrome 1 Any Cole-Carpenter syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the P4HB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007470 biolink:NamedThing calvarial doughnut lesions-bone fragility syndrome This syndrome is characterised by multiple doughnut-shaped hyperostotic or osteosclerotic lesions of the calvaria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008146 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 1 Osteogenesis imperfecta type I is a mild type of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility, low bone mass and susceptibility to bone fractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008147 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 2 Osteogenesis imperfecta type II is a lethal type of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility, low bone mass and susceptibility to bone fractures. Patients with type II present multiple rib and long bone fractures at birth, marked deformities, broad long bones, low density on skull X-rays, and dark sclera. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008148 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 4 Osteogenesis imperfecta type IV is a moderate type of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility, low bone mass and susceptibility to bone fractures. Patients with type IV have moderately short stature, mild to moderate scoliosis, grayish or white sclera, and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008151 biolink:NamedThing gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD) is a bone dysplasia characterized by bone fragility, frequent bone fractures at a young age, cemento-osseous lesions of the jaw bones, bowing of tubular bones (tibia and fibula) and diaphyseal sclerosis of long bones associated with generalized osteopenia. GD follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009271 biolink:NamedThing geroderma osteodysplastica Geroderma osteodysplastica (GO) is characterized by lax and wrinkled skin (especially on the dorsum of the hands and feet and abdomen), progeroid features, hip dislocation, joint laxity, severe short stature/dwarfism, severe osteoporosis, vertebral abnormalities and spontaneous fractures, and developmental delay and mild intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009804 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 3 Osteogenesis imperfecta type III is a severe type of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility, low bone mass and susceptibility to bone fractures. The main signs of type III include very short stature, a triangular face, severe scoliosis, grayish sclera, and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009805 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 9 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PPIB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012217 biolink:NamedThing Bruck syndrome 2 Any Bruck syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLOD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012536 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 7 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRTAP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012581 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 8 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the P3H1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012591 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 5 Osteogenesis imperfecta type V is a moderate type of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility, low bone mass and susceptibility to bone fractures with variable severity. OI type V is characterized by mild to moderate short stature, dislocation of the radial head, mineralized interosseous membranes, hyperplasic callus, white sclera and no dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012592 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 11 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FKBP10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013051 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2B Autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2B is a rare, hereditary, developmental defect with connective tissue involvement characterized by cutis laxa of variable severity, in utero growth restriction, congenital hip dislocation and joint hyperlaxity, wrinkling of the skin, in particular the dorsum of hands and feet, and progeroid facial features. Hypotonia, developmental delay, and intellectual disability are common. In addition, cataracts, corneal clouding, wormian bones, lipodystrophy and osteopenia have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013459 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 10 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SERPINH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013460 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 12 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SP7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013515 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 6 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SERPINF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013889 biolink:NamedThing short stature-optic atrophy-Pelger-HuC+t anomaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014029 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 14 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM38B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014086 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 15 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WNT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014544 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 16 An osteogenesis imperfecta that has material basis in contiguous gene deletion on chromosome 11p11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014573 biolink:NamedThing Cole-Carpenter syndrome 2 Any Cole-Carpenter syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEC24D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014575 biolink:NamedThing Singleton-Merten syndrome 2 Any singleton-Merten dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DDX58 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014672 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 17 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPARC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018163 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2A An autosomal recessive cutis laxa type II classic type that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the ATP6V0A2 gene on chromosome 12q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020682 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spondylodysplastic type, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024535 biolink:NamedThing Singleton-Merten syndrome 1 Any singleton-Merten dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFIH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044329 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta, type 18 Osteogenesis imperfecta type XVIII (OI18) is characterized by congenital bowing of the long bones, wormian bones, blue sclerae, vertebral collapse, and multiple fractures in the first years of life ({1:Doyard et al., 2018}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0049223 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta, type 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005302 biolink:NamedThing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, inattentive type A mental disorder characterized by inattention, easy distraction, careless mistakes and avoidance of tasks that require sustained mental focus. These behaviors can lead to maladaptive consequences in the affected individual's life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005309 biolink:NamedThing spinal fracture Traumatic or pathological injury to the spine in which the continuity of a vertebral bone is broken. Symptoms include back pain and difficulty bending and twisting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005325 biolink:NamedThing radius fracture Traumatic or pathological injury to the radius bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100075 biolink:NamedThing jaw fracture A traumatic or pathologic injury to the jaw in which the continuity of the bone is broken. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005310 biolink:NamedThing atrial flutter A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of an organized, regular atrial rhythm with atrial rate of 240-340 beats per minute. Multiple P waves typically appear in the inferior leads in a saw tooth-like pattern between the QRS complexes. (CDISC) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100008 biolink:NamedThing food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome An eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorder triggered by food that is non-IgE-mediated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005316 biolink:NamedThing bacterial vaginosis Infection caused by bacterial overgrowth in the vagina. Most affected women are asymptomatic. When symptoms occur, they include foul-smelling vaginal discharge, vaginal itching, and burning. Risk factors include sexual activity with multiple partners and the use of vaginal douches and intrauterine devices. Up to a third of cases resolve without treatment. Antibiotic treatment is recommended when symptoms are present and for women that are pregnant at the time of infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006014 biolink:NamedThing vulvovaginal candidiasis Infection of the vulva and vagina with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is a disease associated with HIV infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021175 biolink:NamedThing herpetic vulvovaginitis Infection of the vulva and the vagina caused by herpes simplex virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030720 biolink:NamedThing trichomonal vulvovaginitis An vulvovaginitis caused by infection with Trichomonas vaginalis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009019 biolink:NamedThing congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy of cornea A rare subtype of posterior corneal dystrophy characterized by a diffuse ground-glass appearance of the corneas and marked corneal thickening from birth with nystagmus, and blurred vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010426 biolink:NamedThing X-linked endothelial corneal dystrophy X-linked endothelial corneal dystrophy (XECD) is a rare subtype of posterior corneal dystrophy characterized by congenital ground glass corneal clouding or a diffuse corneal haze, and blurred vision in male patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020365 biolink:NamedThing congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy type I Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy I (CHED I) is a rare subtype of posterior corneal dystrophy characterized by a diffuse ground-glass appearance of the corneas and marked corneal thickening from birth or infancy without nystagmus, with blurred vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005324 biolink:NamedThing seasonal allergic rhinitis Allergic rhinitis caused by outdoor allergens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006004 biolink:NamedThing vasomotor rhinitis Inflammation in the nasal cavity mucosa that results from the abnormal regulation of the blood flow in the nose. It may be caused by temperature fluctuations, air pollution, strong odors, and tobacco smoke. It results in chronic nasal congestion, sneezing, and running nose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024332 biolink:NamedThing perennial allergic rhinitis Allergic rhinitis caused by indoor allergens and lasting year round. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005339 biolink:NamedThing androgenetic alopecia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007416 biolink:NamedThing Balkan nephropathy A chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy that affects people in certain rural areas along the Danube river in the Balkans. It leads to end-stage renal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012350 biolink:NamedThing complement factor H deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014005 biolink:NamedThing immunoglobulin-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Glomerulonephritis characterized by mesangial proliferation, endocapillary proliferation, and glomerular capillary wall remodeling with immune complex deposits from classical complement pathway activation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016416 biolink:NamedThing diphallia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017285 biolink:NamedThing penoscrotal transposition Penoscrotal transposition (PST) is a rare congenital genital anomaly in which the scrotum is positioned superior and anterior to the penis. PST may present with a broad spectrum of anomalies ranging from simple shawl scrotum (doughnut scrotum) to very complex extreme transposition with craniofacial, central nervous system, cardiac, gastrointestinal, urological, and other genital (undescended testicles, hypospadias, chordee) malformations. Growth deficiency and intellectual disability may also be noticed (60% of cases). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018846 biolink:NamedThing penile agenesis An extremely rare congenital abnormality characterized by the complete absence of the penis. It may be associated with other genitourinary abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019848 biolink:NamedThing posterior hypospadias Posterior hypospadias is a rare, non-syndromic, urogenital tract malformation characterized by an ectopic urethral meatus opening located in the posterior penis, the penoscrotal junction, the scrotum or the perineum, which often appears stenotic. The scrotum might appear bifid in severe cases and micropenis is not commonly associated. Urinary tract malformations, such as ureteropelvic junction obstruction, vesicoureteric reflux, pelvic or horseshoe kidney, crossed renal ectopia, renal agenesis, may be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019849 biolink:NamedThing isolated micropenis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044644 biolink:NamedThing congenital agenesis of the scrotum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012910 biolink:NamedThing age-related hearing impairment 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013068 biolink:NamedThing age-related hearing impairment 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013098 biolink:NamedThing noise induced hearing loss A condition in which a person loses the ability to hear due to exposure to high intensity sound. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019497 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic genetic hearing loss A disease characterized by hearing loss that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020768 biolink:NamedThing X-linked deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021944 biolink:NamedThing auditory neuropathy A hearing disorder characterized by impaired transmission of signals through the auditory nerve, resulting in mild to severe hearing loss and poor speech perception. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005350 biolink:NamedThing abdominal aortic aneurysm Enlargement and ballooning of the vessel that supplies arterial blood to the abdomen, pelvis and legs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005396 biolink:NamedThing thoracic aortic aneurysm An aneurysm formed in the wall of the proximal portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005354 biolink:NamedThing chronic hepatitis C virus infection Chronic form of hepatitis C infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005355 biolink:NamedThing coronary restenosis Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a prior obstruction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005357 biolink:NamedThing Creutzfeldt Jacob disease A rare transmittable degenerative disorder of the brain caused by prions. Morphologically it is characterized by spongiform degeneration of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Signs and symptoms include sleep disturbances, personality changes, aphasia, ataxia, muscle atrophy and weakness, visual loss, and myoclonus. It usually leads to death within a year from the onset of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006961 biolink:NamedThing scrapie A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and locomotor incoordination. It is caused by proteinaceous infectious particles called prions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018087 biolink:NamedThing viral hemorrhagic fever A viral infectious disease caused by RNA viruses in the Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae, or Flaviviridae family, and characterized by a severe multisystem syndrome, with damage to the vascular system and hemorrhaging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005737 biolink:NamedThing Ebola hemorrhagic fever A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Ebola virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected animals or humans; it is characterized by high fever, unexplained bleeding, and a high mortality rate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018081 biolink:NamedThing hemorrhagic fever-renal syndrome Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-borne potentially severe hemorrhagic disease caused by Old World Hantaviruses characterized by high fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, backache, abdominal pain, oliguria/renal failure and systemic hemorrhagic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020500 biolink:NamedThing Marburg hemorrhagic fever Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), caused by Marburg virus, is a severe viral hemorrhagic disease characterized by initial fever and malaise followed by gastrointestinal symptoms, bleeding, shock, and multi-organ system failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018468 biolink:NamedThing proton-pump inhibitor-responsive esophageal eosinophilia Proton-pump inhibitor-responsive esophageal eosinophilia (PPI-REE) is a rare, gastroenterologic disease characterized by typical clinical, endoscopic and histological features of eosinophilic oesophagitis (i.e. symptomatic oesophageal dysfunction associated with eosinophil-predominant mucose infiltrate) which completely remits upon proton pump inhibitor therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006904 biolink:NamedThing phimosis A condition in which there is constriction in the tip of the foreskin resulting in inability to fully retract the foreskin over the glans penis. Causes include balanoposthitis, balanitis xerotica obliterans, and untreated diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005624 biolink:NamedThing atrophic thyroiditis Atrophic thyroiditis is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by thyroid autoantibodies, functional hypothyroidism, and absence of goiter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007699 biolink:NamedThing Hashimoto thyroiditis An autoimmune disorder caused by the production of autoantibodies against thyroid tissue. There is progressive destruction of the thyroid follicles leading to hypothyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018992 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related thyroid disease Riedel thyroiditis is a fibroinflammatory disorder of the thyroid gland, occuring more frequently in females, characterized a large, hard thyroid mass, and presenting with pressure symptoms (breathing difficulB,ties and dysphagia) or voice hoarseness and aphonia (impingement of recurrent laryngeal nerve). It can often be associated with extracervical fibroinflammatory disorders such as retroperitoneal fibrosis, primary scleroisng cholangitis and autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto struma, Addison disease, and Biermer disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005365 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss disorder A partial or complete loss of hearing in one or both ears. It is classified as conductive, sensory, or central. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005366 biolink:NamedThing chronic hepatitis B virus infection Chronic form of hepatitis B infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005367 biolink:NamedThing heroin dependence Physical and psychological dependence on the drug heroin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005531 biolink:NamedThing morphine dependence Strong dependence, both physiological and emotional, upon morphine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800310 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy loss, recurrent, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021025 biolink:NamedThing cirrhosis, familial, with antigenemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005407 biolink:NamedThing childhood eosinophilic esophagitis An eosinophilic esophagitis that starts in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005413 biolink:NamedThing cystic fibrosis associated meconium ileus Cystic fibrosis associated meconium ileum is a thickening and congestion of the meconium in the ileum in newborns, often the first sign of cystic fibrosis. In cystic fibrosis, the meconium can form a bituminous black-green mechanical obstruction in a segment of the ileum. Beyond this there may be a few separate grey-white globular pellets. Below this level, the bowel is a narrow and empty micro-colon. Above the level of the obstruction, there are several loops of hypertrophied bowel distended with fluid. No meconium is passed, and abdominal distension and vomiting appear soon after birth. About 20% of cases of cystic fibrosis present with meconium ileus, while approximately 20% of one series of cases of meconium ileus did not have cystic fibrosis. The presence of meconium ileus is not related to the severity of the cystic fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013843 biolink:NamedThing intestinal obstruction in the newborn due to guanylate cyclase 2C deficiency Any meconium ileus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCY2C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005416 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis, knee Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006629 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis, hip Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006630 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis, spine A degenerative joint disease involving the spine. It is characterized by progressive deterioration of the spinal articular cartilage (cartilage, articular), usually with hardening of the subchondral bone and outgrowth of bone spurs (osteophyte). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006631 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis, toe Osteoarthritis of the foot generally affects the joint at the base of your big toe. It can cause your toe to: - become stiff over time, which can make it difficult and painful to walk – this is called hallux rigidus - become bent, which can lead to painful bunions (bony lumps at the base of your big toe) – this is called hallux valgus. Osteoarthritis of the mid-foot is also quite common, especially in older people, and may cause an obvious bony swelling (osteophyte) on the top of your mid-foot. Ankle osteoarthritis is least common and may cause your heel to move to an unusual angle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006632 biolink:NamedThing osteoarthritis, hand Osteoarthritis of the hands usually happens as part of nodal osteoarthritis (a form of osteoarthritis that runs in families). This mainly affects women and often starts in your 40s or 50s, around the menopause (the time when menstruation ends and it’s no longer possible to have children). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005417 biolink:NamedThing wet macular degeneration A form of RETINAL degeneration in which abnormal CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION occurs under the RETINA and MACULA LUTEA, causing bleeding and leaking of fluid. This leads to bulging and or lifting of the macula and the distortion or destruction of central vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007932 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 2 An age related macular degeneration conferred by variation in the ABCA4 gene on chromosome 1p22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011285 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 1 An age related macular degeneration associated with polymorphism in the hemicentin gene (HMCN1) on chromosome 1q25.3-q31.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012145 biolink:NamedThing macular degeneration, age-related, 3 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FBLN5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012419 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 7 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HTRA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012540 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 4 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CFH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012659 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 9 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012674 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 10 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TLR4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012767 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 11 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CST3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013406 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 6 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013416 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 8 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARMS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013420 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 12 Any age-related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CX3CR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014207 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 14 An age related macular degeneration associated with variation at or near the C2 and CFB genes on chromosome 6p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014515 biolink:NamedThing macular dystrophy with central cone involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019353 biolink:NamedThing Stargardt disease Stargardt disease, also known as Stargardt 1 (STGD1), is an autosomal recessive form of retinal dystrophy that is usually characterized by a progressive loss of central vision associated with irregular macular and perimacular yellow-white fundus flecks, and a so-called ''beaten bronze'' atrophic central macular lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100114 biolink:NamedThing dry age related macular degeneration Dry age related macular degeneration is characterized by the presence of age-related deposits called drusen and atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005424 biolink:NamedThing elephantiasis Enlargement of an area of the body due to obstruction within the lymphatic system and the resulting accumulation of lymph. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019313 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation Primary lymphedema is caused by anatomic or functional defects in the lymphatic system, resulting in chronic swelling of body parts and lymphatic-system malformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005425 biolink:NamedThing podoconiosis A disease of the lymphatic vessels of the lower extremities that is caused by chronic exposure to irritant soils. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005433 biolink:NamedThing alcohol withdrawal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005566 biolink:NamedThing neonatal abstinence syndrome A constellation of neurobehavioral features observed in a neonate following antenatal exposure to drugs including opioids, benzodiazepines, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700046 biolink:NamedThing baclofen withdrawal syndrome Withdrawal syndrome involving the abrupt discontinuation of baclofen therapy (intrathecal or oral). Baclofen withdrawal syndrome can result in high fever, altered mental status (including agitation, insomnia, confusion, delusions, hallucinations, seizures, visual changes, or psychosis), and potentially profound muscular rigidity that sometimes progresses to fatal rhabdomyolysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005434 biolink:NamedThing skin sensitivity to sun The response of human skin to sun exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006597 biolink:NamedThing photosensitivity disease Abnormal responses to sunlight or artificial light due to extreme reactivity of light-absorbing molecules in tissues. It refers almost exclusively to skin photosensitivity, including sunburn, reactions due to repeated prolonged exposure in the absence of photosensitizing factors, and reactions requiring photosensitizing factors such as photosensitizing agents and certain diseases. With restricted reference to skin tissue, it does not include photosensitivity of the eye to light, as in photophobia or photosensitive epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006598 biolink:NamedThing phototoxic dermatitis Dermatitis caused or precipitated by exposure to ultraviolet sunlight, or by mediating phototoxic or photoallergic material in response to ultraviolet sunlight. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041182 biolink:NamedThing polymorphic light eruption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009299 biolink:NamedThing 46 XX gonadal dysgenesis 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis (46,XX GD) is a primary ovarian defect leading to premature ovarian failure (POF) in otherwise normal 46,XX females as a result of failure of the gonads to develop or due to resistance to gonadotrophin stimulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010765 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis (46,XY CGD) is a disorder of sex development (DSD) associated with anomalies in gonadal development that result in the presence of female external and internal genitalia despite the 46,XY karyotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005439 biolink:NamedThing familial hypercholesterolemia An inheritable form of hyperlipidemia, in which there are excess lipids in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007759 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipidemia, familial combined, LPL related DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007761 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipoproteinemia type IV A laboratory test result indicating an autosomal dominant condition in which there is increased very low density lipoprotein production, which leads to increased triglyceride concentration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007762 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipoproteinemia type V A severe type of hyperlipidemia, sometimes familial, that is characterized by the elevation of both plasma chylomicrons and triglycerides contained in very-low-density lipoproteins. Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is often associated with diabetes mellitus and is not caused by reduced lipoprotein lipase activity as in hyperlipoproteinemia type I. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007788 biolink:NamedThing hypertriglyceridemia, familial An instance of hypertriglyceridemia (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008810 biolink:NamedThing familial apolipoprotein C-II deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009387 biolink:NamedThing familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder is which a person lacks the enzyme lipoprotein lipase, a protein needed to break down fat molecules. Deficiency of this enzyme prevents affected individuals from properly digesting certain fats. This results in the accumulation of fatty droplets called chylomicrons in the blood and an increase in the blood concentration of triglycerides. Symptoms include episodes of abdominal pain, recurrent inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), abnormal enlargement of the liver and/or spleen (hepatosplenomegaly), and the development of skin lesions known as erruptive xanthomas. Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency is caused by changes (mutations) in the LPL gene. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Treatment aims to control symptoms and blood triglyceride levels with a very low-fat diet. Treatment for individual symptoms (i.e. pancreatitis) involves following established treatment guidelines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011470 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipidemia, combined, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018473 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipoproteinemia type 3 Hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) type 3 is a rare combined hyperlipidemia characterized by high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, transported by intermediate density lipoproteins (IDLs), and a high risk of premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011374 biolink:NamedThing hypercholesterolemia, familial, 4 An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the LDLRAP1 gene, encoding low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1. The phenotype is similar to that of familial hypercholesterolemia, but generally considered to be a milder form of hypercholesterolemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005859 biolink:NamedThing mucocutaneous leishmaniasis The most common form of leishmaniasis that is transmitted through the bite of female phlebotomine sand flies or after exposure to leishmania parasites. It is characterized by skin lesions at the site of insect bite which typically develop within weeks or months after exposure. The lesions typically progress from small papules to open sores with raised borders and central ulcers which can be covered with scales or crust. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005460 biolink:NamedThing swine influenza An acute viral respiratory infection caused by a strain of influenza virus which is endemic in swine (pigs). Rarely reported in humans prior to 2009, the disease is caused by a mutated strain of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus. It is highly contagious and spreads mainly through coughing and sneezing. Signs and symptoms include fever, chills, coughing, sore throat headache, muscle ache, and generalized weakness. Antiviral medications are most effective in the first two days of the illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018695 biolink:NamedThing avian influenza Infection of domestic and wild fowl and other birds with influenza A virus. Avian influenza usually does not sicken birds, but can be highly pathogenic and fatal in domestic poultry. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017046 biolink:NamedThing neuroepithelioma Peripheral neuroepithelioma is a rare noncentral nervous system tumor with evidence of primitive neuroectodermal differentiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005463 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve calcification Calcification of the aortic valve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006655 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve prolapse The downward displacement of the cuspal or pointed end of the trileaflet aortic valve causing misalignment of the cusps. Severe valve distortion can cause leakage and allow the backflow of blood from the ascending aorta back into the left ventricle, leading to aortic regurgitation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007194 biolink:NamedThing familial bicuspid aortic valve A rare, genetic, aortic malformation defined as a presence of abnormal two-leaflet aortic valve in at least 2 first-degree relatives. It is frequently asymptomatic or may be associated with progressive aortic valve disease (aortic regurgitation and/or aortic stenosis, typically due to valve calcification) and a concomitant aortopathy (i.e. aortic dilation, aortic aneurysm and/or dissection). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042981 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve stenosis Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is a condition characterized by narrowing of the heart's aortic valve opening. This narrowing prevents the valve from opening fully, which obstructs blood flow from the heart into the aorta, and onward to the rest of the body. AVS can range from mild to severe. Signs and symptoms typically develop when the narrowing of the opening is severe and may include chest pain (angina) or tightness; shortness of breath or fatigue (especially during exertion); feeling faint or fainting; heart palpitations; and heart murmur. Individuals with less severe congenital AVS (present at birth) may not develop symptoms until adulthood. Individuals with severe cases may faint without warning. AVS can have several causes including abnormal development before birth (such as having 1 or 2 valve leaflets instead of 3); calcium build-up on the valve in adulthood; and rheumatic fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005467 biolink:NamedThing occupation-related stress disorder The response people may have when presented with work demands and pressures that are not matched to their knowledge and abilities and which challenge their ability to cope. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006589 biolink:NamedThing occupational dermatitis Contact dermatitis associated with allergens or irritants found in the workplace. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005475 biolink:NamedThing migraine with aura A migraine disorder characterized by episodes that are preceded by focal neurological symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100431 biolink:NamedThing migraine without aura A migraine disorder characterized by episodes that occur in the absence of preceding focal neurological symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020575 biolink:NamedThing polymorphic ventricular tachycardia A ventricular tachycardia that is irregular in rate and rhythm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005481 biolink:NamedThing contact dermatitis due to nickel A form of allergic contact dermatitis that results from exposure to nickel DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006564 biolink:NamedThing irritant dermatitis An inflammatory skin condition caused by direct contact between the skin and an irritating substance. It is typically manifested by erythema, mild edema, and scaling at the affected site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005488 biolink:NamedThing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis A scoliosis with no known cause arising in adolescent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100076 biolink:NamedThing juvenile idiopathic scoliosis A scoliosis with no known cause arising in a juvenile. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020688 biolink:NamedThing spinal cord ischemia Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior spinal arteries. This condition may be associated with arteriosclerosis, trauma, emboli, diseases of the aorta, and other disorders. Prolonged ischemia may lead to infarction of spinal cord tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800373 biolink:NamedThing carbon monoxide poisoning A poisoning that is caused by exposure to carbon monoxide. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700079 biolink:NamedThing hormone receptor-positive breast cancer A breast carcinoma which is positive for expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and is negative for expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020125 biolink:NamedThing acquired neuromuscular junction disease An instance of neuromuscular junction disease that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018743 biolink:NamedThing immune-mediated acquired neuromuscular junction disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023149 biolink:NamedThing infection due to clostridium perfringens DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005500 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation type I A congenital disorder of glycosylation involve disrupted synthesis of the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005501 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation type II A congenital disorder of glycosylation that involves malfunctioning trimming/processing of the protein-bound oligosaccharide chain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013440 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2P Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2P (LGMD2P) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by slowly-progressive mainly proximal muscle weakness presenting in early childhood (with difficulties walking and climbing stairs) and mild to severe intellectual disability. Additional manifestations reported include microcephaly, mild increase in thigh or calf muscles, and contractures of the ankles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017740 biolink:NamedThing disorder of protein N-glycosylation A disease that has its basis in the disruption of protein N-linked glycosylation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017741 biolink:NamedThing disorder of protein O-glycosylation A disease that has its basis in the disruption of protein O-linked glycosylation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017749 biolink:NamedThing disorder of multiple glycosylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022622 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation syndrome type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060720 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation with defective fucosylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800353 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type Ibb DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017742 biolink:NamedThing disorder of O-xylosylglycan synthesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007526 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spondylodysplastic type A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by a premature aging with sparse hair, macrocephaly, loose elastic skin, failure to thrive, joint laxity, psychomotor retardation, hypotonia, and defective wound healing with atrophic scars. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007738 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with congenital joint dislocations CHST3-related skeletal dysplasia is a very rare bone disorder characterized clinically by short stature of prenatal onset; dislocation of the knees, hips or elbows; club feet; limitation of range of motion of large joints; progressive kyphosis; and occasional scoliosis. In a few patients, minor heart valve dysplasia has also been described. Intellect, vision and hearing are normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014731 biolink:NamedThing seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome Seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome is a rare, genetic neurometabolic disorder characterized by seizures, macrocephaly, delayed motor milestones, moderate intellectual disability, scoliosis with no exostoses, muscular hypotonia present since birth, as well as renal dysfunction. Coarse facial features (including hypertelorism and long hypoplastic philtrum) and bilateral cryptorchidism (in males) are also commonly reported. Additional manifestations include abnormal gastrointestinal motility (resulting in constipation, diarrhea, gastroesophageal reflux and dysphagia), gait disturbances, strabismus and ventricular septal defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013870 biolink:NamedThing TMEM165-congenital disorder of glycosylation TMEM165-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by a psychomotor delay-dysmorphism (pectus carinatum, dorsolumbar kyphosis and severe sinistroconvex scoliosis, short distal phalanges, genua vara, pedes planovalgi syndrome) with postnatal growth deficiency and major spondylo-, epi-, and metaphyseal skeletal involvement. Additional features include facial dysmorphism (midface hypoplasia, internal strabism of the right eye, low-set ears, moderately high arched palate, small teeth), nephrotic syndrome, cardiac defects, and feeding problems. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene TMEM165 (4q12). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014165 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome 3 Intellectual disability-seizures-hypotonia-ophthalmologic-skeletal anomalies syndrome is a rare congenital disorder of glycosylation characterized by neonatal hypotonia, global development delay, developmental regress and severe to profound intellectual disability, infantile onset seizures that are initially associated with febrile episodes with subsequent transition to unprovoked seizures, impaired vision with esotropia and nystagmus, progressive cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, skeletal abnormalities (including brachycephaly, scoliosis, slender long bones, delayed bone age, pectus excavatum and osteopenia), inverted nipples and dysmorphic features including high and narrow forehead, frontal bossing, short nose, depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, high palate and wide open mouth consistent with facial hypotonia. Other features may include cardiac abnormalities (such as patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defects), urogenital abnormalities (such as nephrocalcinosis, urolithiasis), and low plasma concentration of alkaline phosphatase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017413 biolink:NamedThing Reunion island Larsen syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005518 biolink:NamedThing pseudohermaphroditism A condition consisting of possessing the internal reproductive organs of one sex while exhibiting some of the secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005533 biolink:NamedThing distal colitis Particular variety of ulcerative colitis where only the left half of the colon is inflamed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005536 biolink:NamedThing pancolitis Ulcerative colitis that involves the entire colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005543 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hepatitis type 1 Autoimmune hepatitis characterized by the presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA) and antismooth-muscle antibody (ASMA). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021176 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hepatitis type 2 Autoimmune hepatitis characterized by the presence of anti-liver kidney microsomal antibody type 1 (anti-LKM1) and/or anti-liver cytosol type 1 (anti-LC1) autoantibodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021177 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hepatitis type 3 Autoimmune hepatitis characterized by the presence of antibodies to soluble liver or liver-pancreas antigens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035400 biolink:NamedThing seronegative autoimmune hepatitis A form of autoimmune hepatitis characterized by the features of classic autoimmune hepatitis (i. e. clinical presentation as acute or chronic cryptogenic hepatitis, interface hepatitis on histological examination, elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, hypergammaglobulinemia/elevated immunoglobulin G, therapeutic response to corticosteroids) in the absence of serum autoantibodies. Clinical manifestations include fatigue, malaise, arthralgia, jaundice, at later stages also signs of advanced chronic liver disease, such as spider nevi, caput medusae, splenomegaly, ascites, and palmar erythema. Presence of concurrent autoimmune diseases is frequently observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017592 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcal toxemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005562 biolink:NamedThing age-related hearing impairment Age-related hearing impairment is characterized by a symmetric sensorineural hearing loss that is most pronounced in the high frequencies. Age of onset, progression, and severity of age-related hearing impairment (ARHI) show great variation in the population, but with a demonstrable increased prevalence in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020678 biolink:NamedThing sensorineural hearing loss disorder Hearing loss in which the root cause lies in the inner ear or sensory organ (cochlea and associated structures) or the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043373 biolink:NamedThing sudden sensorineural hearing loss Sensorineural hearing loss which develops suddenly over a period of hours or a few days. It varies in severity from mild to total deafness. Sudden deafness can be due to head trauma, vascular diseases, infections, or can appear without obvious cause or warning. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800178 biolink:NamedThing platinum-induced ototoxicity Progressive, bilateral, and irreversible sensorineural hearing loss as a frequently encountered side effect of platinum-based chemotherapy such as cisplatin and carboplatin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005563 biolink:NamedThing nut midline carcinoma A rare, highly aggressive and lethal carcinoma that affects children and young adults. It arises from midline epithelial structures, most commonly the head, neck, and mediastinum. It is a poorly differentiated carcinoma and is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene. A balanced translocation t(15;19) is present that results in the creation of a fusion gene involving the NUT gene, most commonly BRD4-NUT fusion gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006411 biolink:NamedThing sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma A rare, highly aggressive carcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the presence of small to medium size malignant cells. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021537 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharynx A undifferentiated carcinoma that involves the nasopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005576 biolink:NamedThing cryoglobulinemia Cryoglobulinemia is a type of vasculitis that is caused by abnormal proteins (antibodies) in the blood called 'cryoglobulins.' At cold temperatures, these proteins become solid or gel-like, which can block blood vessels and cause a variety of health problems. Many people affected by this condition will not experience any unusual signs or symptoms. When present, symptoms vary but may include breathing problems; fatigue; glomerulonephritis ; joint or muscle pain; purpura ; Raynaud's phenomenon ; skin death; and/or skin ulcers. In some cases, the exact underlying cause is unknown; however, cryoglobulinemia can be associated with a variety of conditions including certain types of infection; chronic inflammatory diseases (such as autoimmune disease); and/or cancers of the blood or immune system. Treatment varies based on the severity of the condition, the symptoms present in each person and the underlying cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017979 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a rare, inherited disorder characterized by non-malignant lymphoproliferation, multilineage cytopenias, and a lifelong increased risk of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043789 biolink:NamedThing serum sickness Delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to foreign proteins derived from an animal serum. It occurs approximately six to twenty one days following the administration of the foreign antigen. Symptoms include fever, arthralgias, myalgias, skin eruptions, lymphadenopathy, chest pain, and dyspnea. Certain drugs (e.g., antibiotics, anticancer agents, and anti-inflammatory medications) and infectious disorders (e.g., hepatitis B) may also cause serum sickness-like reaction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005583 biolink:NamedThing non-human animal disease A disease that occurs in animals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008941 biolink:NamedThing hepatic fibrosis-renal cysts-intellectual disability syndrome A rare, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by early developmental delay with failure to thrive, intellectual disability, congenital hepatic fibrosis, renal cystic dysplasia, and dysmorphic facial features (bilateral ptosis, anteverted nostrils, high arched palate, and micrognathia). Variable additional features have been reported, including cerebellar anomalies, postaxial polydactyly, syndactyly, genital anomalies, tachypnea. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014000 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types, 2 Any congenital heart malformation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TAB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015203 biolink:NamedThing coronary artery congenital malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015449 biolink:NamedThing criss-cross heart Criss cross heart (CCH) is a cardiac malformation where the inflow streams of the two ventricles cross due to twisting of the heart about its major axis. The clinical features depend on the particular cardiac defects associated, like simple or corrected transposition of the great arteries and ventricular septal defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015677 biolink:NamedThing cardiac diverticulum Congenital cardiac diverticulum (CCD) is a very rare congenital malformation characterized by a muscular appendix emerging from the left ventricular apex, rarely from the right ventricle or from both chambers, with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening hemodynamic collapse. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017300 biolink:NamedThing congenital pericardium anomaly Congenital pericardium anomaly comprises a group of rare congenital cardiac malformations characterized by the complete (Congenital complete agenesis of pericardium) or partial absence of the pericardium (Congenital partial agenesis of pericardium), or by the presence of pericardial cysts (Pleuropericardial cyst). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018185 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of the great veins DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018664 biolink:NamedThing ectopia cordis A rare congenital anomaly where the heart is formed outside of the thoracic cavity. It is associated with intracardiac lesions and other structural malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020284 biolink:NamedThing heart position anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020292 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of the great arteries DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020294 biolink:NamedThing atrial defect and interatrial communication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020428 biolink:NamedThing congenital Gerbode defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600027 biolink:NamedThing congenital right-sided heart lesions Serious heritable structural anomalies of the right side of the heart, including pulmonary atresia, tricuspid valve disease and Ebstein's anomaly, and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and/or pulmonary stenosis, that are present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800321 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types, 1, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005619 biolink:NamedThing typhoid fever A bacterial infectious disorder contracted by consumption of food or drink contaminated with Salmonella typhi. This disorder is common in developing countries and can be treated with antibiotics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017944 biolink:NamedThing invasive non-typhoidal salmonellosis Invasive non-typhoidal salmonellosis (iNTS) is a rare bacterial infectious disease caused by extraintestinal infection of non-typhoidal serotypes of Salmonella enterica in patients with underlying HIV infection, malaria or malignancy. It has a high mortality rate and patients typically present with fever, pallor and respiratory signs (cough, tachnypnea, pneumonia). Gastrointestinal manifestations (diarrhea, vomit, abdominal pain) are not common. Occasionally, organ absseses, septic shock and meningitis may be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018626 biolink:NamedThing paratyphoid fever A condition resembling typhoid fever that is caused by infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Parathyphi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000004 biolink:NamedThing salmonella discitis Discitis caused by infection with Salmonella. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008947 biolink:NamedThing bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis A basal ganglia disease characterized by the accumulation of calcium deposits in different brain regions, particularly the basal ganglia and dentate nucleus, and is often associated with neurodegeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015548 biolink:NamedThing Huntington disease-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017132 biolink:NamedThing hereditary ATTR amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017810 biolink:NamedThing variant ABeta2M amyloidosis A rare form of amyloidosis characterized by accumulation and extensive visceral deposition of anamyloidogenic variant of beta 2 microglobulin leading to progressive gastrointestinal dysfunction, Sjögren syndrome and autonomic neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800127 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary amyloidosis A rare hereditary amyloidosis that incorporates deposition of amyloid microfibril material in the lung parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005639 biolink:NamedThing AIDS related complex A prodromal phase of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating aids-related complex (ARC) from aids include elevated or hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to depressed or normal antibody reactivity in aids; follicular or mixed hyperplasia in arc lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte degeneration and depletion more typical of aids; evolving succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown aids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005797 biolink:NamedThing HIV wasting syndrome Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a defined cause other than hiv infection. A constant feature is major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, p1611). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022839 biolink:NamedThing congenital human immunodeficiency virus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017453 biolink:NamedThing fetal parvovirus syndrome Foetal parvovirus syndrome is a foetopathy likely to occur when a pregnant woman is infected by parvovirus B19. In adults, the virus causes a butterfly erythema infectiosum (also called Fifth Disease; 'slapped cheek disease') and flu-like symptoms with symmetric polyarthralgias, which usually do not warrant prenatal diagnosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005645 biolink:NamedThing ancylostomiasis Infection by hookworms of the genus Ancylostoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005973 biolink:NamedThing Strongylida infectious disease Infections with nematodes of the order strongylida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005880 biolink:NamedThing oesophagostomiasis Infection of the intestinal tract with worms of the genus oesophagostomum. This condition occurs mainly in animals other than humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005994 biolink:NamedThing trichostrongyloidiasis Infection by roundworms of the superfamily trichostrongyloidea, including the genera trichostrongylus; ostertagia; Cooperia, haemonchus; Nematodirus, Hyostrongylus, and dictyocaulus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005652 biolink:NamedThing Arterivirus infectious disease Infections caused by viruses of the family arteriviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005718 biolink:NamedThing Coronaviridae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by coronaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005986 biolink:NamedThing torovirus infectious disease Infections with viruses of the genus torovirus, family coronaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005680 biolink:NamedThing Brill-Zinsser disease A delayed relapse of epidemic typhus, caused by Rickettsia prowazekii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020571 biolink:NamedThing relapsing epidemic typhus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007188 biolink:NamedThing primary basilar invagination Primary basilar impression (PBI) is a very rare skeletal developmental defect characterized by congenital upward translocation of the upper cervical spine and clivus into the foramen magnum. PBI can be asymptomatic or associated with severe neurological dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019357 biolink:NamedThing congenital narrowing of cervical spinal canal Congenital cervical spinal stenosis is a rare neurological disease characterized by a congenital narrowing of the bony anatomy of the cervical spinal canal (saggital diameter <14mm), predisposing the individual to symptomatic neural compression, such as cramps, paresthesias, pain, muscle hypertonia and weakness, myelopathy and sphincter disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019529 biolink:NamedThing radiation myelitis A disease characterized by white matter damage to the spinal cord developed after a certain period of application of ionizing radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005691 biolink:NamedThing cardiovirus infectious disease Infections caused by viruses of the genus cardiovirus, family picornaviridae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005747 biolink:NamedThing enterovirus infectious disease An disease caused by infection with Enterovirus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005697 biolink:NamedThing cerebral toxoplasmosis Infections of the brain caused by the protozoan toxoplasma gondii that primarily arise in individuals with immunologic deficiency syndromes (see also aids-related opportunistic infections). The infection may involve the brain diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations include seizures, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic deficits, and intracranial hypertension. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005989 biolink:NamedThing toxoplasmosis A parasitic disease contracted by the ingestion or fetal transmission of toxoplasma gondii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015215 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic diaphragmatic or abdominal wall malformation A diaphragmatic or abdominal wall malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009264 biolink:NamedThing gastroschisis Gastroschisis is marked by viscera protruding, without a covering sac, from the fetal abdomen on the right lateral base of the umbilicus. It is due to defective embryo growth and other malformations are only exceptionally associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018847 biolink:NamedThing omphalomesenteric cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019015 biolink:NamedThing omphalocele Omphalocele is an embryopathy classified in the group of abdominal celosomias and is characterized by a large hernia of the abdominal wall, centered on the umbilical cord, in which the protruding viscera are protected by a sac. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019765 biolink:NamedThing Celosomia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017361 biolink:NamedThing congenital rubella syndrome An infectious embryofetopathy that may present in an infant as a result of maternal infection and subsequent fetal infection with rubella virus. CRS can lead to deafness, cataract, and variety of other permanent manifestations including cardiac and neurological defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017375 biolink:NamedThing congenital enterovirus infection Congenital viral infections with enteroviruses (EV) including coxsackie viruses and ECHO viruses is an infectious embryofetopathy that have been reported to cause spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, fetal malformations and acute systemic illness in the newborn. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005719 biolink:NamedThing Coronavinae infectious disease Virus diseases caused by the coronavirus genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (enteritis, transmissible, of turkeys); feline infectious peritonitis; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (gastroenteritis, transmissible, of swine). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005740 biolink:NamedThing Echovirus infectious disease Infectious disease processes, including meningitis, diarrhea, and respiratory disorders, caused by echoviruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023071 biolink:NamedThing enterovirus antenatal infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024618 biolink:NamedThing poliovirus infection An disease or disorder caused by infection with Enterovirus C. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005725 biolink:NamedThing cyclosporiasis A protozoan infection that is caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis, which is most commonly acquired from contaminated food or water, and which is characterized by watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018769 biolink:NamedThing isosporiasis An intestinal infection with Isospora belli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018903 biolink:NamedThing sarcocystosis Infection of the striated muscle of mammals by parasites of the genus sarcocystis. Disease symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, and paralysis are produced by sarcocystin, a toxin produced by the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005838 biolink:NamedThing mansonelliasis A parasitic infection caused by the nematode Mansonella. Signs and symptoms include pruritus, headache, fever, arthralgias, and eosinophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016566 biolink:NamedThing loiasis Loiasis is a form of filariasis (see this term), caused by the parasitic worm Loa loa, endemic to the forest and savannah regions of Central and Western Africa. Loiasis may either be asymptomatic or manifest as a large, transient area of localized, non-erythematous subcutaneous edema (Calabar swellings), adult worm migration through the sub-conjunctiva (''African eye worm'') and pruritus. Generalized itching, hives, muscle pains, arthralgias, fatigue, and adult worms visibly migrating under the surface of the skin may be observed. Severe complications such as encephalopathy have been reported in highly infected individuals receiving ivermectin during mass drug administration programs for the control of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005743 biolink:NamedThing encephalitozoonosis Infection with fungi of the genus encephalitozoon. Lesions commonly occur in the brain and kidney tubules. Other sites of infection in mammals are the liver; adrenal glands; optic nerves; retina; and myocardium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005754 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures A generalized tonic-clonic seizure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100030 biolink:NamedThing adolescent/adult-onset epilepsy syndrome An epilepsy syndrome that has an onset during the adolescent or adult stage of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100031 biolink:NamedThing adolescent/adult onset autosomal dominant epilepsy with auditory features A genetic focal epilepsy, with focal sensory auditory seizures seen in family members. Seizures often comprise such mild symptoms that they are undiagnosed. There are no implications expected for development or learning and seizures are typically infrequent and well controlled. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100032 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome This syndrome is identified in an individual who has seizures with temporal lobe features with a family history of similar seizures. Seizures often comprise such mild symptoms that they are undiagnosed. There are no implications expected for development or learning and seizures are typically infrequent and well controlled. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005813 biolink:NamedThing interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma A neoplastic proliferation of spindle to ovoid cells which show phenotypic features similar to those of interdigitating dendritic cells. The clinical course is generally aggressive. (WHO, 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019480 biolink:NamedThing Langerhans cell sarcoma A neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells with overtly malignant cytologic features. It can be considered a higher grade variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and it can present de novo or progress from antecedent LCH. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019482 biolink:NamedThing dendritic cell sarcoma not otherwise specified DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006893 biolink:NamedThing Pasteurella hemorrhagic septicemia Any of several bacterial diseases, usually caused by pasteurella multocida, marked by the presence of hemorrhagic areas in the subcutaneous tissues, serous membranes, muscles, lymph glands, and throughout the internal organs. The diseases primarily affect animals and rarely humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042972 biolink:NamedThing meningococcemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700217 biolink:NamedThing neonatal sepsis Bacterial infection in the bloodstream of newborn infants younger than 28 days old. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043988 biolink:NamedThing zoster sine herpete Herpes zoster but without eruption of vesicles. Patients exhibit the characteristic pain minus the skin rash, sometimes making diagnosis difficult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005771 biolink:NamedThing geographic tongue A benign condition characterized by the development of irregular patches in the surface of the tongue resulting in a map-like appearance. The patches migrate from day to day and usually resolve without treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005778 biolink:NamedThing haemonchiasis Infection with nematodes of the genus haemonchus, characterized by digestive abnormalities and anemia similar to that from hookworm infestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005891 biolink:NamedThing ostertagiasis A disease of herbivorous mammals, particularly cattle and sheep, caused by stomach worms of the genus ostertagia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005995 biolink:NamedThing trichostrongylosis Infestation with nematode worms of the genus trichostrongylus. Humans become infected by swallowing larvae, usually with contaminated food or drink, although the larvae may penetrate human skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023153 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous ascites A type of abdominal tuberculosis that is characterized by accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, a swollen abdomen, and slightly raised tubercles of 1–2 mm all over the peritoneum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005796 biolink:NamedThing HIV enteropathy A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-established diarrhea (greater than one month in duration) without an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an hiv-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or indirect effects of hiv on the enteric mucosa. hiv enteropathy is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005798 biolink:NamedThing HIV-associated nephropathy Renal disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. It is characterized by nephrotic syndrome, azotemia, normal to large kidneys on ultrasound images, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis on renal biopsy findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018628 biolink:NamedThing HIV-associated cancer DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011303 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 1 Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTN4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011390 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 2 Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRPC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013191 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 5 Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the INF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013589 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 6 Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO1E gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014451 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 7 Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014462 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 8 Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ANLN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014539 biolink:NamedThing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 9 Any focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005804 biolink:NamedThing hyperprolactinemia Abnormally high level of prolactin in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006793 biolink:NamedThing hyperpituitarism Disease of the glandular, anterior portion of the pituitary (pituitary gland, anterior) resulting in hypersecretion of adenohypophyseal hormones such as growth hormone; prolactin; thyrotropin; luteinizing hormone; follicle stimulating hormone ; and adrenocorticotropic hormone. Hyperpituitarism usually is caused by a functional adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019933 biolink:NamedThing acromegaly Acromegaly is an acquired disorder related to excessive production of growth hormone (GH) and characterized by progressive somatic disfigurement (mainly involving the face and extremities) and systemic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020528 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome Adrenocorticotropic hormone dependent Cushing syndrome (ACTH-dependent CS) is a form of endogenous CS caused by abnormal production of ACTH due, in 80% of cases, to ACTH oversecretion by a pituitary adenoma (Cushing disease, CD) and in 20% of cases to ectopic ACTH secretion (CS due to EAS) by an extrapituitary tumor (in 50% of cases originating in the lungs or less commonly in the thymus, pancreas, adrenal gland or thyroid) or very rarely due to a tumor secreting both ACTH and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005954 biolink:NamedThing screw worm infectious disease Infection with larvae of the blow fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Callitroga americanum), a common cause of disease in livestock in the southern and southwestern U.S.A. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015623 biolink:NamedThing cavitary myiasis Cavitary myiasis is a rare parasitic disease characterized by the infestation of natural body cavities (e.g. aural, nasal, oral, urogenital myiasis) and internal organs (e.g. cerebral myiasis, ophthalmomyiasis, intestinal and tracheopulmonary myiasis) with dipteran larvae. Clinical presentation is variable depending on the affected site(s) and degree of infestation and include foreign-body sensation (with or without movement sensation), hemorrhage, pain, edema, sensory loss, malodor, and pruritus, among others. Neurological features (e.g. motor deficits, seizures, reduced mental status, extrapyramidal signs) have been reported in cerebral myiasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020568 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous myiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018582 biolink:NamedThing GCGR-related hyperglucagonemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019668 biolink:NamedThing adenoma of pancreas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034987 biolink:NamedThing intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm of pancreas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017872 biolink:NamedThing Lujo hemorrhagic fever Lujo hemorrhagic fever, caused by the Lujo virus (a newly discovered Old World arenavirus) is a zoonotic disease from Zambia, Africa, whose reservoir is unknown and is characterized by fever and hemorrhagic manifestations with an extremely high fatality rate of 80% (in the 5 reported cases to date) and a moderate to high level of nosocomial transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017877 biolink:NamedThing Brazilian hemorrhagic fever Brazilian hemorrhagic fever, caused by the Sabia virus (a newly discovered arenavirus), is a viral hemorrhagic fever, believed to originate from Sao Paulo, Brazil, with only 3 reported cases (2 of which were due to laboratory accidents) to date, characterized by fever, nausea vomiting myalgia tremors, and hemorragic manifestations such as conjunctival petechia and haematemesis, leading potentially to shock, coma and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017878 biolink:NamedThing Chapare hemorrhagic fever Chapare hemorrhagic fever, caused by the Chapare virus (a new arenavirus), discovered from a small outbreak in Cochabamba, Bolivia between 2003 and 2004, is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever characterized by fever, myalgia, arthralgia, and multiple hemorrhagic signs. About a third of untreated cases go on to develop more severe symptoms with delirium, coma and convulsions and death (in one case). No other cases have been reported since. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020487 biolink:NamedThing Pontiac fever Pontiac fever (PF) is a mild form of legionellosis manifesting with flu-like symptoms such as nausea, myalgia, fever, cough and headache but without pneumonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006681 biolink:NamedThing Borrelia infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus borrelia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005826 biolink:NamedThing lipid pneumonia Pneumonia due to aspiration or inhalation of various oily or fatty substances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005827 biolink:NamedThing lipoatrophic diabetes A rare syndrome characterized by almost complete absence of body fat, accentuated muscularity, insulin-resistant diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hepatomegaly, and hypermetabolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011027 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011072 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011363 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011955 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014488 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, 5 Any type 2 diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBC1D4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018630 biolink:NamedThing hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) is a cancer-predisposing condition characterized by the development of colorectal cancer not associated with colorectal polyposis, endometrial cancer, and various other cancers (such as malignant epithelial tumor of ovary, gastric, biliary tract, small bowel, and urinary tract cancer) that are frequently diagnosed at an early age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013196 biolink:NamedThing Lynch syndrome 8 Any hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPCAM gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018604 biolink:NamedThing familial colorectal cancer type X Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer characterized by the absence of germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005844 biolink:NamedThing chalazion An eyelid cyst caused by the blockage of a meibomian gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016494 biolink:NamedThing regional variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016496 biolink:NamedThing pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018818 biolink:NamedThing facial diplegia with paresthesias DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005861 biolink:NamedThing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis A type of drug-resistant tuberculosis that is resistant to both rifampicin and isoniazid, the two most powerful anti-TB drugs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100479 biolink:NamedThing rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis A form of drug-resistant tuberculosis that is resisant to rifampicin with or without resistance to other antitubercular medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100482 biolink:NamedThing extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis A type of drug-resistant tuberculosis that is resistant to any fluoroquinolone, and at least one of three second-line injectable drugs (capreomycin, kanamycin, and amikacin), in addition to resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100483 biolink:NamedThing totally drug-resistant tuberculosis A type of drug-resistant tuberculosis that is resistant to all first- and second-line antitubercular drugs tested (isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, ethionamide, para-aminosalicylic acid, cycloserine, ofloxacin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, capreomycin, kanamycin). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005868 biolink:NamedThing myelophthisic anemia A laboratory test result indicating an abnormal amount of circulating nucleated red blood cells and immature red blood cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019283 biolink:NamedThing nail anomaly A epidermal appendage anomaly that involves the nail. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023521 biolink:NamedThing Judge Misch wright syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015133 biolink:NamedThing quantitative and/or qualitative congenital phagocyte defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024626 biolink:NamedThing defective phagocytic cell engulfment DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024630 biolink:NamedThing defective phagocytic cell chemotaxis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024632 biolink:NamedThing defective phagocytic cell opsonization DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006275 biolink:NamedThing lung giant cell carcinoma A morphologic variant of lung sarcomatoid carcinoma characterized by the presence of mononuclear and multinucleated pleomorphic neoplastic giant cells that lack cohesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005946 biolink:NamedThing rhinosporidiosis Chronic, localized granulomatous infection of mucocutaneous tissues, especially the nose, and characterized by hyperplasia and the development of polyps. It is found in humans and other animals and is caused by the mesomycetozoean organism rhinosporidium seeberi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019209 biolink:NamedThing Japanese encephalitis A disease due to a virus transmitted by an arthropod). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006913 biolink:NamedThing pneumococcal meningitis An acute purulent infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness may be associated with otitis media; mastoiditis; sinusitis; respiratory tract infections; sickle cell disease (anemia, sickle cell); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical manifestations include fever; headache; neck stiffness; and somnolence followed by seizures; focal neurologic deficits (notably deafness); and coma. (From Miller et al., Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000003 biolink:NamedThing streptococcus pneumoniae discitis Discitis caused by infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030707 biolink:NamedThing Trichomonas balanoposthitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030906 biolink:NamedThing Trichomonas tenax infectious disease An disease or disorder caused by infection with Trichomonas tenax. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0005999 biolink:NamedThing tuberculous empyema An empyema resulting from infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017871 biolink:NamedThing bilateral massive adrenal hemorrhage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006021 biolink:NamedThing Prinzmetal angina A syndrome typically consisting of angina (cardiac chest pain) at rest that occurs in cycles. It is caused by vasospasm, a narrowing of the coronary arteries caused by contraction of the smooth muscle tissue in the vessel walls rather than directly by atherosclerosis (buildup of fatty plaque and hardening of the arteries). For a portion of patients Prinzmetal's angina may be a manifestation of vasospastic disorder and is associated with migraine, Raynaud's phenomenon or aspirin-induced asthma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007123 biolink:NamedThing ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum-cleft palate syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007956 biolink:NamedThing Pai syndrome Pai syndrome is an idiopathic developmental disorder characterized by median cleft of the upper lip (MCL), midline polyps of the facial skin and nasal mucosa, and pericallosal lipomas. Hypertelorism with ocular anomalies are also observed, generally with normal neuropsychological development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008247 biolink:NamedThing robin sequence-oligodactyly syndrome Robin sequence-oligodactyly syndrome is a rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by Robin sequence (i.e. severe micrognathia, retroglossia and U-shaped cleft of the posterior palate) associated with pre- and postaxial oligodactyly. Facial features can include a narrow face and narrow lower dental arch. Clinodactyly, absent phalanx, metacarpal fusions, and hypoplastic carpals have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008402 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate-large ears-small head syndrome Cleft palate-large ears-small head syndrome is a rare, genetic syndrome characterized by cleft palate, large protruding ears, microcephaly and short stature (prenatal onset). Other skeletal abnormalities (delayed bone age, distally tapering fingers, hypoplastic distal phalanges, proximally placed thumbs, fifth finger clinodactyly), Pierre Robin sequence, cystic renal dysplasia, proximal renal tubular acidosis, hypospadia, cerebral anomalies on imaging (enlargement of lateral ventricles, mild cortical atrophy), seizures, hypotonia and developmental delay are also observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008693 biolink:NamedThing ablepharon macrostomia syndrome Ablepharon macrostomia syndrome is an extremely rare multiple congenital malformation syndrome characterized by the association of ablepharon, macrostomia, abnormal external ears, syndactyly of the hands and feet, skin findings (such as dry and coarse skin or redundant folds of skin), absent or sparse hair, genital malformations and developmental delay (in 2/3 of cases). Other reported manifestations include malar hypoplasia, absent or hypoplastic nipples, umbilical abnormalities and growth retardation. It is a mainly sporadic disorder, although a few familial cases having been reported, and it displays significant clinical overlap with Fraser syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009021 biolink:NamedThing Toriello-Carey syndrome Toriello Carey syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by craniofacial dysmorphic features, cerebral anomalies, swallowing difficulties, cardiac defects and hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009028 biolink:NamedThing Crane-Heise syndrome A very rare syndrome characterized by poorly mineralized calvarium, facial dysmorphism, vertebral abnormalities and absent clavicles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009232 biolink:NamedThing Fuhrmann syndrome Fuhrmann syndrome is mainly characterized by bowing of the femora, aplasia or hypoplasia of the fibulae and poly-, oligo-, and syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009437 biolink:NamedThing Bamforth-Lazarus syndrome Bamforth-Lazarus syndrome is a very rare syndrome of congenital hypothyroidism characterized by thyroid dysgenesis (in most cases athyreosis), cleft palate and spiky hair, with or without choanal atresia, and bifid epiglottis. Facial dysmorphism and porencephaly have been reported in isolated cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010111 biolink:NamedThing odontotrichomelic syndrome Odontotrichomelic syndrome is characterised by malformations of all four extremities, hypoplastic nails, ear anomalies, hypotrichosis, abnormal dentition, hyperhidrosis and nasolacrimal duct obstruction. So far, it has been described in less than 10 patients. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010531 biolink:NamedThing contractures-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip/palate syndrome Contractures - ectodermal dysplasia - cleft lip/palate is an ectodermal dyplasia syndrome characterized by severe arthrogryposis, multiple ectodermal dysplasia features, cleft lip/palate, facial dysmorphism, growth deficiency and a moderate delay of psychomotor development. Ectodermal dysplasia manifestations include sparse, brittle and hypopigmented hair, xerosis, multiple nevi, small conical shaped teeth and hypodontia, and facial dysmorphism with blepharophimosis, deep-set eyes and micrognathia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010560 biolink:NamedThing cleft palate with or without ankyloglossia, X-linked X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by the association of complete, partial or submucous cleft palate and ankyloglossia. Patients may also present abnormal uvula (e.g. absent, bifid, shortened or laterally deviated), short lingual frenulum and dental anomalies (e.g. buccal crossbite, absent and/or misshapen teeth). Digital abnormalities, such as mild clinodactyly and/or syndactyly, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010710 biolink:NamedThing Pierre Robin syndrome-faciodigital anomaly syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of Pierre Robin sequence (retrognathia, cleft palate and glossoptosis) with facial dysmorphism (high forehead with frontal bossing) and digital anomalies (tapering fingers, hyperconvex nails, clinodactyly of the fifth fingers and short distal phalanges, finger-like thumbs and easily subluxated first metacarpophalangeal joints).Growth and mental development were normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011261 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with coronal craniosynostosis, cataracts, cleft palate, and intellectual disability A spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, craniosynostosis, cataracts, cleft palate and intellectual deficit. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012854 biolink:NamedThing bilateral microtia-deafness-cleft palate syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of bilateral microtia with severe to profound hearing impairment, and cleft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012997 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis-pigmentary retinopathy-cleft palate syndrome Cholestasis- pigmentary retinopathy- cleft palate is a syndrome of multiple congenital malformations, characterized by an association of cleft lip and palate, patchy pigmentary retinopathy (cat's paw), obstructive liver disease (cholestasis, portal hypertension etc.) and obstructive renal disease (ectopic ureteric insertion, obstruction, vesicouretral reflux and hydronephrosis). Gastrointestinal tract involvement (malrotation, gastresophageal reflux etc.) and cardiac involvement (coarctation of aorta, pulmonary artery stenosis etc) have also been reported. An overlap with Kabuki syndrome is debated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015782 biolink:NamedThing dysmorphism-cleft palate-loose skin syndrome Dysmorphism-cleft palate-loose skin syndrome is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by severe psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, congential, symmetrical circumferential skin creases of arms and legs, cleft palate, and facial dysmorphism (incl. elongated face, high forehead, blepharophimosis, short palpebral fissures, microphthalmia, microcornea, epicanthic folds, telecanthus, microtia, posteriorly angulated ears, broad nasal bridge, microstomia and micrognathia). Additional features reported include short stature, microcephaly, hypotonia, pectus excavatum, severe scoliosis, hypoplastic scrotum, and mixed hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016059 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip/palate-deafness-sacral lipoma syndrome Cleft lip/palate-deafness-sacral lipoma syndrome is characterised by cleft lip/palate, profound sensorineural deafness, and a sacral lipoma. It has been described in two brothers of Chinese origin born to non consanguineous parents. Additional findings included appendages on the heel and thigh, or anterior sacral meningocele and dislocated hip. The mode of inheritance is probably autosomal or X-linked recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016604 biolink:NamedThing dysraphism-cleft lip/palate-limb reduction defects syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017331 biolink:NamedThing Pilotto syndrome Pilotto syndrome is a rare genetic multiple developmental anomalies syndrome, that is characterized by craniofacial anomalies (microcephaly, brachycephaly, craniosynostosis, facial asymmetry, cleft lip, cleft palate, dysmorphic facial features, ear lobe malformations, low hair line), congenital heart defects, hypogenitalism and/or hypogonadism, intellectual disability, scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis, short hypoplastic ribs, failure to thrive, growth delay, short stature and/or micromelia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1975. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017981 biolink:NamedThing syngnathia-cleft palate syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018046 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia-robin sequence syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006095 biolink:NamedThing atypical carcinoid tumor A carcinoid tumor characterized by a high mitotic rate, often associated with the presence of necrosis and nuclear pleomorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006065 biolink:NamedThing lactose intolerance adult type Adult onset lactose intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006073 biolink:NamedThing adenomatoid odontogenic tumor A benign, slow growing neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. The vast majority of cases are intraosseous and most often grow in the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium which is embedded in a connective tissue stroma. Local excision is curative and recurrences are very rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006166 biolink:NamedThing columnar cell hyperplasia of the breast A columnar cell lesion characterized by the presence of enlarged terminal ductal lobular units with dilated acini. The acini are lined by more than two layers of columnar epithelial cells. Prominent apical cytoplasmic snouts are present. Secretions are often present in the lumina of the dilated acini. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006169 biolink:NamedThing complex endometrial hyperplasia A hyperplasia characterized by excessive proliferation of endometrial cells, resulting in the formation of complex epithelial structures. Epithelial atypia may be present or absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006193 biolink:NamedThing endometrial hyperplasia without atypia Simple or complex endometrial hyperplasia characterized by the absence of epithelial atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006410 biolink:NamedThing simple endometrial hyperplasia A proliferation of endometrial cells resulting in glandular enlargement and budding without changes in the basic structure of the endometrium. Epithelial atypia may be present or absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016322 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NCHI) is a non-lethal pediatric form of interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by tachypnea without respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017342 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus-related tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022022 biolink:NamedThing bowenoid papulosis Dysplastic papular lesions presenting on the genitalia of either sex. The lesions are associated with human papillomavirus infection. The majority of cases have a benign clinical course, although, a small number of cases with malignant transformation have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018648 biolink:NamedThing Keratocystic odontogenic tumor An intraosseous odontogenic neoplasm that usually arises from the mandible. It is characterized by the presence of a single or multiple cysts lined with parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The neoplastic lesions may be solitary or multiple. It has the potential for aggressive behavior, local destruction, and recurrence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006087 biolink:NamedThing appendix adenocarcinoma A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the vermiform appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021290 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of appendix A in situ carcinoma that involves the vermiform appendix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006156 biolink:NamedThing colon sessile serrated adenoma/polyp A polyp that arises from the colon. It is characterized by the presence of serrated glands and the absence of generalized dysplasia. Some authors have suggested that it is a precursor lesion for some colonic adenocarcinomas with microsatellite instability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006498 biolink:NamedThing adenomatous colon polyp A polypoid adenoma that arises from and protrudes into the lumen of the colon. Epithelial dysplasia is always present. According to the architectural pattern it is classified as tubular, tubulovillous, or villous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006091 biolink:NamedThing appendix neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the appendix. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018016 biolink:NamedThing classic neuroendocrine tumor of appendix Classic endocrine tumor of the appendix is a type of endocrine tumor of the appendix, seen twice as frequently in females than in males, and usually presenting before the fifth decade of life. Classic endocrine tumor of the appendix is usually asymptomatic when located in the tip of the appendix (without obstruction), but acute appendicitis is often associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021101 biolink:NamedThing appendix L-cell glucagon-like peptide-producing neuroendocrine tumor A neuroendocrine tumor arising from the wall of the appendix, producing glucagon-like peptides. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells forming tubular or trabecular patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006092 biolink:NamedThing appendix villous adenoma An adenoma arising from the appendix. It is characterized by the presence of villous epithelial structures and it is associated with dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006093 biolink:NamedThing ascending colon neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the ascending colon. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006250 biolink:NamedThing ileal neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the ileum. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036688 biolink:NamedThing rhabdomyoma A benign mesenchymal tumor arising from skeletal or cardiac muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006115 biolink:NamedThing blast phase chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia. It is characterized by: 1. the presence of blasts in the peripheral blood or bone marrow that are at least 20% of the peripheral blood white cells or of the nucleated cells in the bone marrow respectively, or 2. an extramedullary proliferation of blasts, and/or 3. when there are large aggregates and clusters of blasts in the bone marrow biopsy specimen (adapted from WHO, 2001). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010809 biolink:NamedThing familial chronic myelocytic leukemia-like syndrome A chronic myeloid leukemia characterized by chronic myelocytic leukemia in early infancy and absence of the BCR/ABL fusion gene (Philadelphia chromosome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021367 biolink:NamedThing leukemia, myeloid, accelerated-phase The phase of chronic myeloid leukemia following the chronic phase (leukemia, myeloid, chronic-phase), where there are increased systemic symptoms, worsening cytopenias, and refractory leukocytosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006226 biolink:NamedThing gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma A low grade, indolent B-cell lymphoma, usually associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Morphologically it is characterized by a dense mucosal atypical lymphocytic (centrocyte-like cell) infiltrate with often prominent lymphoepithelial lesions and plasmacytic differentiation. Approximately 40% of gastric MALT lymphomas carry the t(11;18)(q21;q21). Such cases are resistant to Helicobacter pylori therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006420 biolink:NamedThing small intestinal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT) that arises from the small intestine. The morphologic characteristics are similar to those seen in gastric MALT lymphomas, with the exception of the lymphoepithelial lesions that are less prominent in the small intestine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006464 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma An extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in the thyroid gland. The vast majority of cases are associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006128 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system anaplastic large cell lymphoma An anaplastic large cell lymphoma that affects the brain, meninges, or spinal cord. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017598 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (C-ALCL) is a rare T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the skin and generally shows no extracutaneous involvement at presentation. It belongs to the spectrum of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders along with lymphomatoid papulosis with which it shares overlapping clinical and histopathologic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017602 biolink:NamedThing ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) is a type of ALCL, a rare and aggressive peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma affecting lymph nodes and extranodal sites, which is characterized by the expression of a protein called anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017603 biolink:NamedThing ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK- ALCL) is a type of ALCL, a rare and aggressive peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma affecting lymph nodes and extranodal sites, which is characterized by the lack of expression of a protein called anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021879 biolink:NamedThing small cell variant anaplastic large cell lymphoma A histologic variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of a predominant population of small to medium size malignant cells with irregular nuclei. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016696 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic oligodendroglioma A WHO grade III oligodendroglioma with focal or diffuse malignant morphologic features (prominent nuclear pleomorphism, mitoses, and increased cellularity). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016703 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic oligoastrocytoma An oligoastrocytoma characterized by the presence of increased cellularity, nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, and high mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016726 biolink:NamedThing neuronal tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006137 biolink:NamedThing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 A neoplastic process in the cervix characterized by morphologic features of both moderate and severe intraepithelial neoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022394 biolink:NamedThing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006146 biolink:NamedThing chondroid hamartoma A hamartoma that is characterized by the presence of chondroid elements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016986 biolink:NamedThing congenital smooth muscle hamartoma Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma (CSMH) is a rare cutaneous hamartomatous lesion most often located on the lumbosacral area or proximal limbs (but rarely on atypical areas such as scalp, eyelid or foot) and characterized by a disorganized proliferation of smooth muscle fibres of arrector pili presenting usually as a localized skin-colored or hyperpigmented plaque (up to 10 cm in diameter) with prominent vellus hairs (most common classic form) or less commonly by multiple skin-colored papules that can coalesce to form irregularly shaped plaques. With time, hyperpigmentation and vellus hairs usually diminish and neither malignant transformation nor associated systemic involvement has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021977 biolink:NamedThing basaloid follicular hamartoma A type of pilosebaceous hamartoma characterized by basal cell epitheliomata, epidermoid cysts and comedones, and epidermal atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022453 biolink:NamedThing angiomyomatous hamartoma An uncommon benign proliferation of smooth muscle, blood vessels, collagenous stroma, and adipocytes, most commonly affecting inguinal lymph node. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023238 biolink:NamedThing giant mammary hamartoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024478 biolink:NamedThing mesenchymal hamartoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100290 biolink:NamedThing colon serrated polyposis The presence of multiple serrated polyps in the colon. The polyps are predominantly sessile serrated adenomas/polyps. A minority of the polyps are microvesicular variants of hyperplastic polyps. According to some authors, the polyps are proximal to the sigmoid colon. According to others, the polyps are distributed throughout the entire colon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006161 biolink:NamedThing colorectal juvenile polyp A non-neoplastic hamartomatous polyp that arises from the colon and rectum. It is characterized by the presence of tortuous and cystically dilated glands, edematous changes, and inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021534 biolink:NamedThing rectal neuroendocrine tumor G1 A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the rectum. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006258 biolink:NamedThing juvenile polyp A non-neoplastic hamartomatous polyp that arises from the stomach and intestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of tortuous and cystically dilated glands, edematous changes, and inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006365 biolink:NamedThing Peutz-Jeghers polyp A hamartomatous polyp that occurs in the stomach, small and large intestines, and rarely within the esophagus, nasopharynx and the urinary tract. The Peutz-Jeghers polyps are grossly lobulated and dark. Microscopically, they have a central core of smooth muscle covered by mucosa. The smooth muscle shows tree-like branching. The question of whether or not the Peutz-Jeghers polyp is precancerous is a matter of controversy. The loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 19p (where the responsible gene LKB1 is located) suggests that the increased risk of malignancy may be due to malignant transformation from hamartoma to adenocarcinoma. --2002 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006680 biolink:NamedThing blue nevus An intradermal nevus characterized by the presence of benign pigmented dendritic spindle-shaped melanocytes. It most frequently occurs in the skin of the distal upper extremities, followed by the lower extremities, scalp, face, and buttocks. It usually presents as a single blue or blue-black papular lesion less than 1cm in diameter. Simple excision is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006778 biolink:NamedThing halo nevus A benign melanocytic nevus with a halo appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006813 biolink:NamedThing intradermal nevus A nevus characterized by the proliferation of nevus cells in the dermis without involvement of the dermal-epidermal junction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006905 biolink:NamedThing pigmented spindle cell nevus A benign, small and slightly elevated brown or black skin lesion with usually well-demarcated borders. It is characterized by the presence of a melanocytic proliferation resulting in the formation of uniform cellular nests. Sometimes the clinical and morphologic features may be difficult to distinguish from melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008093 biolink:NamedThing nevus, epidermal A benign, pigmented skin growth caused by an overgrowth of the epidermis. It is typically seen at birth, but can develop in early childhood or later in life. Most cases are sporadic, but familial patterns of inheritance have been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009755 biolink:NamedThing neutrophil actin dysfunction Solitary or multiple, slightly raised, pigmented lesions with irregular borders, usually measuring more than 0.6cm in greatest dimension. Morphologically, there is melanocytic atypia and the differential diagnosis from melanoma may be difficult. Patients are at an increased risk for the development of melanoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014873 biolink:NamedThing nevus comedonicus syndrome A rare developmental skin condition consisting of abnormal pilosebaceous follicle development. It is characterized by linear or band-like distributions of groups of comedones, usually on the face, neck, upper arm, chest, and abdomen, that appear at birth or in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015341 biolink:NamedThing congenital panfollicular nevus Congenital panfollicular nevus is a rare, benign, skin tumor disorder characterized by the presence of congenital, large (few centimeters), elevated, well-circumscribed, pink-tan, multinodular, non-ulcerative, bosselated-surface skin lesions located on the neck, scalp or hand and which enlarge with time. Histologically, hamartomatous proliferation containing irregularly arranged, malformed hair follicles in various stages of development, surrounded by fibrous tissue and densely distributed within the dermis is observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015635 biolink:NamedThing porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct nevus A rare, congenital disorder of the eccrine sweat ducts that presents as grouped keratotic papules and plaques with a linear distribution and/or multiple punctate pits filled with tiny keratotic plugs resembling comedones. The lesion are usually located on the acral portion of a limb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015748 biolink:NamedThing hereditary mucosal leukokeratosis White sponge nevus (WSN) is a rare and autosomal dominant genetic disease in which the oral mucosa is white or greyish, thickened, folded, and spongy. The onset is early in life, and both sexes are affected equally. Other common sites include the tongue, floor of the mouth, and alveolar mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016831 biolink:NamedThing linear verrucous nevus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016984 biolink:NamedThing nevus of Ota Nevus of Ota is an oculodermal melanocytosis more commonly found in Asian and African populations, usually present at birth and characterized by a usually unilateral, bluish gray, patchy, speckled pigmentation (that may progressively enlarge and darken) affecting the skin of the face along the distribution of the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve (periorbital region, temple, forehead, malar area, nose). In 2/3 cases the ipsilateral sclera is affected. Nevus of Ota usually remains stable once adulthood is reached but an increased risk of glaucoma and uveal melanoma may be observed. Extracutaneous lesions may also occur in cornea, retina, tympanum, nasal mucosa, pharynx, palate. Nevus of Ota occurs as solitary conditions but seldom may occur together with the nevus of Ito or nevus spilus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016985 biolink:NamedThing nevus of Ito Nevus of Ito is a benign dermal melanocytosis occurring most frequently in the Asian populations and characterized by unilateral, asymptomatic, blue, gray or brown skin pigmentation within the acromioclavicular and upper chest area (involving the side of the neck, the supraclavicular and scapular areas, and the shoulder region). It is usually diagnosed in early infancy and in early adolescence. Nevus of Ito may progressively enlarge and darken in color (particularly with puberty) and its appearance usually remains stable once adulthood is reached. Spontaneous regression does not occur. Malignant melanoma has rarely been reported within a nevus of Ito. It shares the clinical features of nevus of Ota, except its anatomic location and may in rare occasions occur together with the latter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017785 biolink:NamedThing PENS syndrome PENS syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by the presence of randomly distributed, small, white to yellowish, multiple, rounded or irregular polycyclically-shaped, epidermal keratotic papules and plaques of ''gem-like'' appearance with a rough surface, typically located on the trunk and proximal limbs, associated with variable neurological abnormalities, including psychomotor delay, epilepsy, speech and language impairment and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Clumsiness, dyslexia and oftalmological abnormalities have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018258 biolink:NamedThing Angora hair nevus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018259 biolink:NamedThing didymosis aplasticosebacea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018260 biolink:NamedThing scalp syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018261 biolink:NamedThing Nevada syndrome NEVADA (Nevus Epidermicus Verrucosus with AngioDysplasia and Aneurysms) syndrome is a rare, life-threatening, cutaneous disease characterized by a keratinocytic epidermal nevus presenting thick, hystrix-like, white or brownish hyperkeratosis associated with multiple extracutaneous vascular malformations, including angiodysplasia that involves large-vessel arteriovenous shunts that may be fatal during the neonatal period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020179 biolink:NamedThing palpebral nevus A melanocytic nevus that involves the skin of eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044792 biolink:NamedThing large congenital melanocytic nevus A large, or giant, congenital melanocytic nevus (LCMN or GCMN) is a pigmented skin lesion of more than 20 cm - or 40 cm- respectively, projected adult diameter, composed of melanocytes, and presenting with an elevated risk of malignant transformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044794 biolink:NamedThing benign melanocytic skin nevus A benign, circumscribed proliferation of melanocytes in the skin. Variants include the Spitz nevus, halo nevus, blue nevus, and balloon cell nevus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006174 biolink:NamedThing cortisol-producing adrenal cortex adenoma An adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol. It may be associated with Cushing syndrome. Clinical presentation includes weight gain, round face, easy bruising, muscle weakness, emotional changes, hirsutism, and hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006408 biolink:NamedThing sex hormone-producing adrenal cortex adenoma A rare adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces androgens or estrogens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016505 biolink:NamedThing aldosterone-producing adrenal cortex adenoma An adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces aldosterone. It may be associated with Conn syndrome. Clinical presentation includes hypertension, hypokalemia, and muscle weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015683 biolink:NamedThing primary malignant peritoneal tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006211 biolink:NamedThing fibrous hamartoma of infancy A poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the soft tissues in infants. It is characterized by the presence of bland fibroblastic spindle cells, collagenous stroma formation, primitive mesenchymal round cells, and mature fat cells. These components combined form a distinct organoid pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006212 biolink:NamedThing flat urothelial hyperplasia A type of hyperplasia that is characterized by a marked thickening of the urinary tract epithelium. There is no evidence of cytologic atypia. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024485 biolink:NamedThing papillary urothelial hyperplasia A type of hyperplasia that is characterized by variable thickening of the urinary tract epithelium and a slight papillary growth. The latter is not associated with the presence of fibrovascular cores. There is no evidence of atypia. The relationship between this lesion and papillary urothelial neoplasia is not clear. -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006213 biolink:NamedThing floor of mouth mucoepidermoid carcinoma A mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the oral cavity that arises from the floor of the mouth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023113 biolink:NamedThing familial colorectal cancer Familial colon cancer is a cluster of colon cancer within a family. Most cases of colon cancer occur sporadically in people with little to no family history of the condition. Approximately 3-5% of colon cancer is considered 'hereditary' and is thought to be caused by an inherited predisposition tocolon cancer that is passed down through a family in an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive manner. In some of these families, the underlying genetic cause is not known; however, many of these cases are caused by changes (mutations) in the APC , MYH , MLH1 , MSH2 , MSH6 , PMS2 , EPCAM , PTEN , STK11 , SMAD4 , BMPR1A , NTHL1 , POLE , and POLD1 genes (which are associated with hereditary cancer syndromes). An additional 10-30% of people diagnosed with colon cancer have a significant family history of the condition but have no identifiable mutation in a gene known to cause a hereditary predisposition to colon cancer. These clusters of colon cancer are likely due to a combination of gene(s) and other shared factors such as environment and lifestyle. High-risk cancer screening and other preventative measures such as prophylactic surgeries are typically recommended in people who have an increased risk for colon cancer based on their personal and/or family histories. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018876 biolink:NamedThing mantle cell lymphoma Mantle cell lymphoma is a rare form of malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma affecting B lymphocytes in the lymph nodes in a region called the ``mantle zone''. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006430 biolink:NamedThing splenic mantle cell lymphoma A mantle cell lymphoma occurring in the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006237 biolink:NamedThing granulocytic sarcoma A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors. Granulocytic sarcoma is the most common type of myeloid sarcoma. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017190 biolink:NamedThing sporadic pheochromocytoma/secreting paraganglioma Sporadic pheochromocytoma/secreting paraganglioma are isolated, non-familial, catecholamin-producing tumors arising from neuroendocrine chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla or in extra-adrenal chromaffin tissue, respectively. The majority of these tumors are benign and the presenting symptoms are typically caused by the increased catecholamine production of the tumor, including hypertension (often paroxysmal), tachycardia, anxiety and/or excessive sweating. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019788 biolink:NamedThing non-secreting paraganglioma Non-functioning paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor arising from neural crest-derived paraganglion cells (most often in the para-aortic region at the level of renal hilia, organ of Zuckerkandl, thoracic paraspinal region, bladder, and carotid body) not associated with catecholamine secretion. These tumors are usually clinically silent and symptoms, if present, are nonspecific and depend on the location of the tumor. Association with certain hereditary cancer-predisposing syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia, neurofibromatosis type 1 or von Hippel Lindau syndrome, may be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021052 biolink:NamedThing parasympathetic paraganglioma A benign or malignant, usually non-functioning, extra-adrenal paraganglioma that arises from paraganglia located along the parasympathetic nerves. Representative examples include aorticopulmonary, carotid body, jugulotympanic, and mediastinal paragangliomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032767 biolink:NamedThing paragangliomas 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032771 biolink:NamedThing paragangliomas 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006273 biolink:NamedThing low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma with giant collagen rosettes A low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma characterized by the presence of prominent collagen rosettes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006274 biolink:NamedThing low grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia An intraepithelial lesion of the vulvar squamous epithelium that represents the clinical and morphological manifestation of a productive HPV infection. Low grade refers to the associated low risk of concurrent or future cancer. (WHO, 2014) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006280 biolink:NamedThing lung sclerosing hemangioma A benign tumor that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of sclerotic, papillary, solid, and hemorrhagic patterns and hyperplastic type II pneumocytes. Cholesterol clefts, hemosiderin deposition, chronic inflammation, and calcifications may be present. In the majority of cases, it is a solitary and peripheral tumor. Patients are usually asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006336 biolink:NamedThing ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation An endometrioid adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and exhibits squamous differentiation. The squamous cell component often has a cytologically benign appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006339 biolink:NamedThing ovarian microcystic stromal tumor A benign, unilateral tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of conspicuous microcystic changes, cellular areas, and a fibrous stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017802 biolink:NamedThing ovarian fibrothecoma A rare, benign, sex cord-stromal neoplasm, with a typically unilateral location in the ovary, characterized by mixed features of both fibroma and thecoma. Patients may be asymptomatic or may present with pelvic/abdominal pain and/or distension and, occasionally, with post-menopausal bleeding. Large tumors (>10cm) are often associated with pleural effusion and ascites (the Meigs syndrome triad). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006357 biolink:NamedThing parotid gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma A carcinoma that arises from a pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing tumor mass which grew rapidly in the past few months. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive carcinoma have an excellent prognosis. In cases where there is invasion of the surrounding tissues, the clinical course is aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006358 biolink:NamedThing parotid gland squamous cell carcinoma An invasive squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the parotid gland. It usually affects elderly patients and presents as a rapidly enlarging tumor mass, often associated with pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021280 biolink:NamedThing mucoepidermoid carcinoma of parotid gland A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the parotid gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015686 biolink:NamedThing primary peritoneal carcinoma Primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) is a rare malignant tumor of the peritoneal cavity of extra-ovarian origin, clinically and histologically similar to advanced-stage serous ovarian carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006366 biolink:NamedThing Peutz-Jeghers polyp of the stomach A non-neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach and is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle branching bands, and hyperplasia with cystic dilatation of the foveolar epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016686 biolink:NamedThing diffuse astrocytoma A low-grade (WHO grade II) astrocytic neoplasm. It is characterized by diffuse infiltration of neighboring central nervous system structures. These lesions typically affect young adults and have a tendency for progression to anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. Based on the IDH genes mutation status, diffuse astrocytomas are classified as IDH-mutant, IDH-wildtype, and not otherwise specified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016690 biolink:NamedThing pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma A WHO grade ll astrocytic tumor with a relatively favorable prognosis. It is characterized by pleomorphic and lipidized cells expressing GFAP often surrounded by a reticulin network and eosinophilic granular bodies. It presents in the superficial cerebral hemispheres and involves the meninges. It typically affects children and young adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016693 biolink:NamedThing subependymal giant cell astrocytoma A benign, slowly growing tumor (WHO grade I) typically arising in the wall of the lateral ventricles and composed of large ganglioid astrocytes. It is the most common CNS neoplasm in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex and typically occurs during the first two decades of life. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006377 biolink:NamedThing pleural biphasic mesothelioma Malignant mesothelioma that arises from the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid and sarcomatoid components, with each component representing at least 10% of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006378 biolink:NamedThing pleural epithelioid mesothelioma Malignant mesothelioma that arises from the pleura and is characterized by the presence of cells with epithelioid morphology. The epithelioid cells usually have eosinophilic cytoplasm, bland nuclei, and form tubulopapillary, microglandular, or sheet-like patterns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006391 biolink:NamedThing pyloric gland adenoma A rare neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach. It is characterized by the presence of gastric epithelial differentiation and pyloric gland-type tubular structures, which are closely packed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006392 biolink:NamedThing rectal hyperplastic polyp A serrated polypoid lesion that arises in the rectum. It rarely produces symptoms. This group includes goblet cell rich, mucin poor, and microvesicular hyperplastic polyps. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006393 biolink:NamedThing rectal traditional serrated adenoma An adenoma that arises from the rectum. It is characterized by prominent serration of the glands and the presence of generalized low-grade dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006394 biolink:NamedThing rectal tubular adenoma A usually polypoid neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the rectal mucosa. It is characterized by a tubular architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006395 biolink:NamedThing rectal tubulovillous adenoma A neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the rectal mucosa. It is characterized by tubular and villous architectural patterns. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006429 biolink:NamedThing splenic hodgkin lymphoma A rare Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010273 biolink:NamedThing lymphoma, Hodgkin, X-linked pseudoautosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010762 biolink:NamedThing lymphoma, Hodgkin, Y-linked pseudoautosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044778 biolink:NamedThing nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma A monoclonal B-cell neoplasm characterized by a nodular, or a nodular and diffuse proliferation of scattered large neoplastic cells known as popcorn or lymphocyte predominant cells (LP cells)- formerly called L&H cells for lymphocytic and/or histiocytic Reed-Sternberg cell variants. The LP cells lack CD15 and CD30 in nearly all instances. Patients are predominantly male, frequently in the 30-50 year age group. Most patients present with limited stage disease (localized peripheral lymphadenopathy, stage I or II). (WHO 2008) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021279 biolink:NamedThing mucoepidermoid carcinoma of submandibular gland A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the submandibular gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006466 biolink:NamedThing thyroid gland spindle cell tumor with thymus-like differentiation A rare, slow growing, primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by a lobulated architectural pattern and the presence of a biphasic cellular population composed of spindle epithelial cells and glandular cells. A small number of cases are composed exclusively of spindle epithelial cells or glandular cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019003 biolink:NamedThing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is a multiple endocrine neoplasia, a polyglandular cancer syndrome characterized by the occurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma (PCC), in one variant, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). There are three forms: MEN2A, MEN2B, and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006470 biolink:NamedThing tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal lining of the tonsil and tends to metastasize early to the lymph nodes. It predominantly affects middle aged and elderly patients who have a history of alcohol and tobacco use. Patients may present with tonsillar swelling, sore throat, pain radiating to the ipsilateral ear, or a neck mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006479 biolink:NamedThing undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells A rare variant of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma characterized by the presence of non-neoplastic osteoclast-like giant cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006488 biolink:NamedThing vaginal carcinosarcoma An aggressive mixed epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of a malignant epithelial component and a malignant mesenchymal component. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006491 biolink:NamedThing vulvar lichen sclerosus A chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that affects the vulva. It is characterized by the development of white elevated plaques in the vulva. Histologically there is marked subepithelial fibrosis. Clinical manifestations include pruritus, dysuria, and dyspareunia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021492 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of major salivary gland A benign neoplasm that involves the major salivary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021493 biolink:NamedThing benign neoplasm of minor salivary gland A benign neoplasm that involves the minor salivary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044632 biolink:NamedThing extracranial carotid artery aneurysm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011841 biolink:NamedThing biotin-responsive basal ganglia disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017763 biolink:NamedThing disorder of iron metabolism and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008787 biolink:NamedThing microcytic anemia with liver iron overload Congenital hypochromic microcytic anemia with progressive liver iron overload paradoxically associated with normal to moderately elevated serum ferritin levels has been described in three unrelated patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011638 biolink:NamedThing neuroferritinopathy Neuroferritinopathy is a late-onset type of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) characterized by progressive chorea or dystonia and subtle cognitive deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006518 biolink:NamedThing sporadic Creutzfeld Jacob disease Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is the most common type of CJD, accounting for around 85% of cases. The precise cause of sporadic CJD is unclear, but it's been suggested that a normal brain protein changes abnormally ('misfolds') and turns into a prion. Most cases of sporadic CJD occur in adults aged between 45 and 75. On average, symptoms develop at age 60-65 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018686 biolink:NamedThing acquired Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease An instance of Creutzfeldt Jacob disease that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006524 biolink:NamedThing acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans An acrodermatitis characterized by a chronically progressive course, leading to widespread atrophy of the skin. It is a clinical manifestation of Lyme borreliosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006599 biolink:NamedThing physical urticaria A distinct subgroup of the urticaria that are induced by an exogenous physical stimulus rather than occurring spontaneously. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010481 biolink:NamedThing angioedema Swelling involving the deep dermis, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized edema. Angioedema often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015340 biolink:NamedThing drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms DRESS syndrome (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) is a hypersensitivity reaction characterized by a generalized skin rash, fever, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis and visceral involvement (hepatitis, nephritis, pneumonitis, pericarditis and myocarditis) and, in some patients, reactivation of human herpes virus 6. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022799 biolink:NamedThing cold urticaria Cold urticaria is a condition that affects the skin. Signs and symptoms generally include reddish, itchy welts (hives) and/or swelling when skin is exposed to the cold (i.e. cold weather or swimming in cold water). This rash is usually apparent within 2-5 minutes after exposure and can last for 1-2 hours. The exact cause of cold urticaria is poorly understood in most cases. Rarely, it may be associated with an underlying blood condition or infectious disease. Treatment generally consists of patient education, avoiding exposures that may trigger a reaction, and/or medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006531 biolink:NamedThing cholesteatoma of attic A cholesteatoma in the attic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006534 biolink:NamedThing cholinergic urticaria A type of physical urticarias (or hives) that appears when a person is sweating. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006618 biolink:NamedThing vibratory urticaria This very rare form of angioedema develops in reply to contact with vibration. In vibratory angioedema, symptoms develop within two to five minutes after contact with vibration and dissolve after about an hour. Patients with this disorder do not suffer from dermographism or pressure urticaria. Vibratory angioedema is diagnosed by holding a vibrating device such as a laboratory vortex machine against the forearm for four minutes. Speedy swelling of the whole forearm extending into the upper arm is also noted later. The principal treatment is avoidance of vibratory stimulants. Antihistamines have also been proven helpful. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007448 biolink:NamedThing familial dermatographia Familial dermographism is a condition also known as skin writing. When people who have dermatographia lightly scratch their skin, the scratches redden into a raised wheal similar to hives. Signs and symptoms of dermatographia include raised red lines, swelling, inflammation, hive-like welts and itching. Symptoms usually disappear within 30 minutes. The exact cause of this condition is unknown. Treatment may invovle use of antihistamines if symptoms do not go away on their own. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006536 biolink:NamedThing congenital generalized lipodystrophy An extremely rare autosomal recessive condition, characterized by an extreme scarcity of fat in the subcutaneous tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009312 biolink:NamedThing lipodystrophy due to peptidic growth factors deficiency Deficiency of the peptidic growth factors is characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat layers on the limbs, lipodystrophy in the face and trunk and scleroderma-like skin disorders (thickened skin on the palms and soles and skin pigment changes on the limbs and trunk). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013572 biolink:NamedThing Keppen-Lubinsky syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015493 biolink:NamedThing lipoatrophy with diabetes, leukomelanodermic papules, liver steatosis, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020088 biolink:NamedThing familial partial lipodystrophy Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) is a group of rare genetic lipodystrophic syndromes characterized, in most cases, by fat loss from the limbs and buttocks, from childhood or early adulthood, and often associated with acanthosis nigricans, insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia and liver steatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027766 biolink:NamedThing generalized lipodystrophy Almost complete absence of subcutaneous and/or visceral adipose tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019193 biolink:NamedThing acquired generalized lipodystrophy Acquired generalized lipodystrophy belongs to a group of lipodystrophic syndromes characterized by loss of adipose tissue, and is a syndrome of insulin resistance that leads to increased cardiovascular risk. Acquired generalized lipodystrophy is related to a selective loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue occurring exclusively at the extremities (face, legs, arms, palms and sometimes soles). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006539 biolink:NamedThing diffuse lipomatosis A neoplastic process characterized by a diffuse poorly circumscribed overgrowth of adipose tissue. It has been associated with several genetic disorders and different clinical conditions such as liver disease, excessive alcohol intake, adrenocortical steroid therapy, and antiretroviral therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006578 biolink:NamedThing mediastinal lipomatosis A neoplastic process characterized by a diffuse poorly circumscribed overgrowth of adipose tissue in the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006593 biolink:NamedThing pelvic lipomatosis A neoplastic process characterized by a diffuse poorly circumscribed overgrowth of adipose tissue in the pelvic region. Clinical presentation includes complaints of back and abdominal pain, urinary frequency, perineal pain and constipation. It predominately affects black males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006612 biolink:NamedThing steroid lipomatosis A neoplastic process characterized by a diffuse poorly circumscribed overgrowth of adipose tissue in the face, upper middle back, and sternal region. It is associated with adrenocortical steroid therapy or an increase in endogenous adrenocortical hormone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035592 biolink:NamedThing congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006543 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica A genetic skin disorder caused by mutations in the type VII collagen gene (COL7A1). It is characterized by the formation of blisters and scarring in the skin and mucous membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008260 biolink:NamedThing Kindler syndrome Kindler syndrome (KS) is the fourth major type of epidermolysis bullosa (EB), besides simplex, junctional and dystrophic forms, and is characterized by skin fragility and blistering at birth followed by development of photosensitivity and progressive poikilodermatous skin changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017610 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a group of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (HEB) disorders characterized by skin fragility resulting in intraepidermal blisters and erosions that occur either spontaneously or after physical trauma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017612 biolink:NamedThing junctional epidermolysis bullosa Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a form of inherited epidermolysis bullosa characterized by involvement of the skin and mucous membranes, and is defined by the formation of blistering lesions between the epidermis and the dermis at the lamina lucida level of the cutaneous basement membrane zone and by healing of lesions with atrophy and/or exuberant granulation tissue formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008485 biolink:NamedThing sebocystomatosis Sebocystomatosis is characterized by multiple (100 to 2000) asymptomatic dermal cysts that usually occur on the sternal region, upper back, axillae and proximal parts of the extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021029 biolink:NamedThing genetic sebaceous gland anomaly An instance of sebaceous gland anomaly that is caused by a modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021653 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous focal mucinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006594 biolink:NamedThing pemphigus Pemphigus is a group of rare autoimmune diseases that cause blistering of the skin and mucous membranes (mouth, nose, throat, eyes, and genitals).This conditioncan occur at any age, but often strikes people in middle or older age. Studies have shown that some populations may be at greater risk for certain types of pemphigus. For instance, people of Jewish descent and those from India, Southeast Europe, and the Middle East are at greater risk for pemphigus vulargis, while pemphigus foliaceus is more common in North America, Turkey, and South America. Pemphigus is a chronic disease which is best controlled by early diagnosis and treatment.Treatment includes steroids to reduce inflammation,drugs that suppress the immune system responseand antibiotics to treat associated infections. There are four main types of pemphigus: Pemphigus vulgaris Pemphigus foliaceus IgA pemphigus Paraneoplastic pemphigus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008218 biolink:NamedThing Hailey-Hailey disease Benign chronic familial pemphigus of Hailey-Hailey is characterized by rhagades mostly located in the armpits, inguinal and perineal folds (scrotum, vulva). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008219 biolink:NamedThing pemphigus vulgaris Pemphigus is a group of chronic autoimmune skin diseases characterized by blister formations on the outer layer of the skin and the mucous membranes. Three clinical forms have been characterised, of which pemphigus vulgaris is the most frequent (75%). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043257 biolink:NamedThing pemphigus and fogo selvagem DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006559 biolink:NamedThing hidradenitis suppurativa A chronic suppurative and cicatricial disease of the apocrine glands occurring chiefly in the axillae in women and in the groin and anal regions in men. It is characterized by poral occlusion with secondary bacterial infection, evolving into abscesses which eventually rupture. As the disease becomes chronic, ulcers appear, sinus tracts enlarge, fistulas develop, and fibrosis and scarring become evident. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006565 biolink:NamedThing juvenile dermatitis herpetiformis Dermatitis herpetiformis in children DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015614 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis herpetiformis Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic autoimmune subepidermal bullous disease characterized by grouped pruritic lesions such as papules, urticarial plaques, erythema, and herpetiform vesiculae, with a predominantly symmetrical distribution on extensor surfaces of the elbows (90%), knees (30%), shoulders, buttocks, sacral region, and face of children and adults. Erosions, excoriations and hyperpigmentation usually follow. DH may also appear as a consequence of gluten intolerance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006571 biolink:NamedThing lichen nitidus A chronic inflammatory disease characterized by shiny, flat-topped, usually flesh-colored micropapules no larger than the head of a pin. Lesions are localized in the early stages, found chiefly on the lower abdomen, penis, and inner surface of the thighs. Distribution may become generalized as the disease progresses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006581 biolink:NamedThing miliaria rubra Miliaria rubraor prickly heat occurs deeper in the epidermis (outside layer of skin) and results in very itchy red papules (bumps). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020814 biolink:NamedThing miliaria alba DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020816 biolink:NamedThing miliaria papulosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020817 biolink:NamedThing miliaria vesiculosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020823 biolink:NamedThing infantile miliaria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024227 biolink:NamedThing miliaria pustulosa A miliaria that is characterized by pustules resulting from inflammation and bacterial infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024228 biolink:NamedThing miliaria profunda A miliaria that is characterized by ductal occlusion of the papillary dermis causing the gland's secretions to leak between the superficial and deep layers of the skin resulting in a rapidly-spreading flesh-colored rash. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024229 biolink:NamedThing miliaria crystallina A miliaria that is characterized by clear, superficial, noninflammed, subcorneal vesicles that easily rupture when rubbed and is located in the stratum corneum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006592 biolink:NamedThing parapsoriasis Parapsoriasis describes a group ofskin diseases that can be characterized by scaly patches or slightly elevated papules and/or plaques (red, scaly patches) that have a resemblance to psoriasis. However, this description includes several inflammatory cutaneous diseases that are unrelated with respect to pathogenesis, histopathology, and response to treatment. Because of the variation in clinical presentation and a lack of a specific diagnostic finding on histopathology, a uniformly accepted definition of parapsoriasis remains lacking. There are 2 general forms: a small plaque type, which is usually benign, and a large plaque type, which is a precursor of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL).Treatment of small plaque parapsoriasis is unnecessary but can include emollients, topical tar preparations or corticosteroids, and/or phototherapy. Treatment of large plaque parapsoriasis is phototherapy or topical corticosteroids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011269 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 2 Any psoriasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CARD14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022205 biolink:NamedThing pustular psoriasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023297 biolink:NamedThing guttate psoriasis Guttate psoriasis is a skin condition in which small, red, and scaly teardrop-shaped spots appear on the arms, legs, and middle of the body.It is a relatively uncommon form of psoriasis. The condition often develops very suddenly, and is usually triggered by an infection (e.g., strep throat, bacteria infection, upper respiratory infections or other viral infections). Other triggers include injury to the skin, including cuts, burns, and insect bites, certain malarial and heart medications, stress, sunburn, and excessive alcohol consumption. Treatment depends on the severity of the symptoms, ranging from at-home over the counter remedies to medicines that suppress the body's immunesystem to sunlight and phototherapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006614 biolink:NamedThing subcorneal pustular dermatosis A rare, benign, chronic disease characterized by sterile pustular eruption, typically involving the flexural sites of the trunk and proximal extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018688 biolink:NamedThing anti-p200 pemphigoid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018745 biolink:NamedThing superficial pemphigus Pemphigus is a group of chronic autoimmune skin diseases characterised by blister formations on the outer layer of the skin and the mucous membranes. Three clinical forms have been characterised, one of which is superficial pemphigus, including the seborrheic, erythematosus, foliaceous and herpetiform variants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018746 biolink:NamedThing mucous membrane pemphigoid Mucous membrane pemphigoid is a bullous dermatosis characterised clinically by blistering of the mucous membranes followed by scarring, and immunologically by IgG, IgA and/or C3 deposits on the epidermal basement membrane. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018747 biolink:NamedThing acquired epidermolysis bullosa Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a subepidermal bullous dermatosis of autoimmune origin that was named as a result of its resemblance to hereditary forms of epidermolysis bullosa (HEB), most notably dystrophic HEB. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018748 biolink:NamedThing linear IgA Dermatosis Autoimmune disease characterized by subepidermal blisters and linear deposition of autoantibodies at the dermoepidermal junction. The accumulated autoantibodies are of immunoglobulin A and occasionally immunoglobulin G classes against epidermal basement membrane proteins. The dermatosis is sometimes associated with malignancies and use of certain drugs (e.g., vancomycin). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018974 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic pemphigus Pemphigus is a group of chronic autoimmune skin diseases characterised by blisters formation on the outer layer of the skin and the mucous membranes. Three clinical forms have been characterised, of which paraneoplastic pemphigus is extremely rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019082 biolink:NamedThing bullous pemphigoid Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common form of autoimmune bullous dermatosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034127 biolink:NamedThing IgA pemphigus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007417 biolink:NamedThing Darier disease Darier disease (DD) is a keratinization disorder characterized by the development of keratotic papules in seborrheic areas and specific nail anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007507 biolink:NamedThing absence of fingerprints-congenital milia syndrome Absence of fingerprints-congenital milia syndrome is characterized by neonatal blisters and milia (small white papules, especially on the face) and congenital absence of dermatoglyphics on the hands and feet. It has been reported in two kindreds (one of which contained 13 affected individuals spanning three generations) and in an unrelated individual. Some affected patients also showed bilateral partial flexion contractures of the fingers and toes, and webbing of the toes. The syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007756 biolink:NamedThing hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007854 biolink:NamedThing keratolytic winter erythema Keratolytic winter erythema is a rare epidermal disease, characterized by recurrent centrifugal palmoplantar peeling and erythema presenting seasonal variation (cold weather). Skin lesions may spread to the dorsum of hands and feet and to the interdigital spaces. Lower legs, knees and thighs may also be involved. Episodes may be preceded by itch and hyperhidrosis. Skin biopsy reveals an epidermal spongiosis with clefting in the stratum corneum, followed by regrowth. Keratolytic winter erythema follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008696 biolink:NamedThing acanthosis nigricans-insulin resistance-muscle cramps-acral enlargement syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of acanthosis nigricans, insulin resistance, severe muscle cramps and acral hypertrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012446 biolink:NamedThing seborrhea-like dermatitis with psoriasiform elements DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016382 biolink:NamedThing hereditary poikiloderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016503 biolink:NamedThing congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018586 biolink:NamedThing zinc-responsive necrolytic acral erythema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019076 biolink:NamedThing circumscribed palmoplantar hypokeratosis Circumscribed palmoplantar hypokeratosis is an ectodermal dysplasia characterised by circular, well-circumscribed patches of erythematous depressed skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019269 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis Disorders of cornification that are characterized by visible scaling and/or hyperkeratosis of most or all of the skin. Inherited ichthyoses, defined as the generalized form of Mendelian disorders of cornification, affect most or all of the skin. This etiologically and phenotypically heterogenous group of conditions is caused by mutations in various different genes important for keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier function. Acquired forms of ichthyosis can be observed with certain autoimmune, inflammatory, metabolic, endocrine, or infectious diseases or with malignancies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019270 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratoderma An umbrella term for a group of rare genetic skin disorders characterized by well-demarcated plaques of reddened, dry and thickened skin. Typically, these lesions are distributed symmetrically on the body and tend to slowly expand and progress over time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019271 biolink:NamedThing acrokeratoderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044663 biolink:NamedThing aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma Aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma is a rare condition affecting the palms of the hands. It is characterized by the appearance or worsening of a palmar eruption, following brief exposure to water. The palmar eruption is made up of small, white or shining pimples that can conjoin into plaques. The feet are unaffected. Symptoms include a burning pain and a tightening sensation in the palms, as well as too much sweating. There are two variants. Most commonly, it is a temporary and recurrent condition that appears after submersion in water, known as the bhand in the bucket sign,b that gets better within minutes to hours of drying. A less common variant is characterized by persistent lesions that are worsened after water submersion. The cause of aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma is unknown, but likely relates to sweating. Several studies have found that it is present in about 40% to 84% of cystic fibrosis patients and also in carriers, which suggest that it may be caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. It is more often found in young women. Besides cystic fibrosis, it is also seen in wasting (marasmus) and nephrotic syndrome and also with the use of aspirin and other drugs such as rofecoxib and celecoxib. In most cases it does not need any treatment and resolves spontaneously. When necessary, it can be treated with topical aluminum chloride or salicylic acid ointment or with tap water iontophoresis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0400004 biolink:NamedThing phrynoderma Phrynoderma is a form of follicular hyperkeratosis seen in young children and adolescents due to nutritional deficiencies. It is clinically characterized by discrete, follicular, skin-colored papules with keratotic plugs distributed over elbows, knees, extensor extremities, and buttocks. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006606 biolink:NamedThing scleredema adultorum A usually benign and self-limited skin disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by induration of the skin. It may be associated with infection, diabetes mellitus, and hematologic malignancies. Morphologically, there is deposition of mucin in the dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021654 biolink:NamedThing diffuse cutaneous mucinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021655 biolink:NamedThing secondary catabolic mucinosis of skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006609 biolink:NamedThing seborrheic infantile dermatitis Excessive shedding of dry scaly material from the scalp in humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006621 biolink:NamedThing vulvar inverted follicular keratosis Seborrheic keratosis that arises from follicular structures in the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of prominent squamous eddies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008390 biolink:NamedThing Rombo syndrome Rombo syndrome is characterized by vermiculate atrophoderma, milia, hypotrichosis, trichoepitheliomas, peripheral vasodilation with cyanosis and basal cell carcinomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008594 biolink:NamedThing familial multiple discoid fibromas A rare, genetic, skin tumor disorder characterized by childhood-onset of multiple, benign, asymptomatic, white to flesh-colored papules predominently located on the face, ears, neck and trunk, not associated with systemic organ involvement, associated malignancies or FLCN gene locus mutation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011605 biolink:NamedThing generalized basaloid follicular hamartoma syndrome Generalized basaloid follicular hamartoma syndrome is a rare, genetic skin disease characterized by multiple milium-like, comedone-like lesions and skin-colored to hyperpigmented, 1 to 2 mm-sized papules, associated with hypotrichosis and palmar/plantar pits. Lesions are usually first noticed on cheeks or neck and gradually increase in size and number to involve the scalp, face, ears, shoulders, chest, axillas, and upper arms. In severe cases, lower back, lower arms, and back of the legs can be involved. Mild hypohidrosis has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017571 biolink:NamedThing Proteus-like syndrome Proteus-like syndrome describes patients who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for Proteus syndrome but who share a multitude of characteristic clinical features of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018070 biolink:NamedThing familial multiple fibrofolliculoma Familial multiple fibrofolliculoma is a genodermatosis characterised by the presence of multiple hamartomas of the hair follicle. It has been described in one family so far. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018851 biolink:NamedThing familial keratoacanthoma Multiple familial keratoacanthoma (KA) of Witten and Zak is a rare a rare inherited skin cancer syndrome and is characterized by the coexistence of features characteristic of both multiple KA, Ferguson Smith type and generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma, such as multiple small miliary-type lesions, larger self-healing lesions, and nodulo-ulcerative lesions. Lesions do not have a predilection for the mucosal surfaces. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020178 biolink:NamedThing palpebral lentiginosis A lentigo that involves the skin of eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006635 biolink:NamedThing Acinetobacter infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus acinetobacter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006637 biolink:NamedThing acute kidney tubular necrosis Acute renal failure caused by the cell death of the renal tubules. Causes include nephrotoxins, cytotoxic drugs, and antibiotics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006647 biolink:NamedThing anterior cerebral artery infarction Necrosis occurring in the anterior cerebral artery system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the cerebral hemisphere, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043224 biolink:NamedThing multi-infarct dementia A common form of dementia caused by multiple cortical or subcortical cerebral infarctions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006658 biolink:NamedThing arteriolosclerosis The thickening of the wall of the small arteries and arterioles. It is caused by deposition of hyaline material in the wall or concentric smooth muscle wall hypertrophy. It results in lumen narrowing and tissue ischemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006659 biolink:NamedThing arteriosclerosis obliterans Common occlusive arterial disease which is caused by atherosclerosis. It is characterized by lesions in the innermost layer (arterial intima) of arteries including the aorta and its branches to the extremities. Risk factors include smoking, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006660 biolink:NamedThing arthus reaction A localized vasculitis resulting from deposition of antibody-antigen complexes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008004 biolink:NamedThing familial mitral valve prolapse An instance of mitral valve prolapse (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008504 biolink:NamedThing supravalvular aortic stenosis SupraValvar Aortic Stenosis (SVAS) is characterized by the narrowing of the aorta lumen (close to its origin) or other arteries (branch pulmonary arteries, coronary arteries). This narrowing of the aorta or pulmonary branches may impede blood flow, resulting in heart murmur and ventricular hypertrophy (in case of aorta involvement). The narrowing results from a thickening of the artery wall, which is not related to atherosclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010753 biolink:NamedThing cardiac valvular dysplasia, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015273 biolink:NamedThing complete atrioventricular canal Complete atrioventricular canal (CAVC), also referred to as complete atrioventricular septal defect, is characterized by an ostium primum atrial septal defect, a common atrioventricular valve and a variable deficiency of the ventricular septum inflow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018089 biolink:NamedThing double outlet right ventricle Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a rare cono-truncal anomaly in which both the aorta and pulmonary artery originate, either entirely or predominantly, from the morphologic right ventricle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018758 biolink:NamedThing familial patent arterial duct Familial patent arterial duct is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic, congenital anomaly of the great arteries characterized by the presence of an isolated patent arterial duct (PDA) (i.e. failure of closure of ductus arteriosis after birth) in several members of the same family. Clinical presentation is similar to the sporadic form and may range from neonatal-onset tachypnea, diaphoresis and failure to thrive to adult-onset atrial arrhythmia, signs and symptoms of heart failure and cyanosis limited to the lower extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015450 biolink:NamedThing triatrial heart A rare congenital abnormality of the heart characterized by the presence of three atria. The right or left atrium is divided into two parts by fibromuscular tissue or a membrane. It may be associated with other heart congenital abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019837 biolink:NamedThing atrial appendage anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020438 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal aneurysm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006665 biolink:NamedThing chronic atrophic gastritis Atrophic gastritis that is persistent and long-standing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006729 biolink:NamedThing discrete subaortic stenosis A type of constriction that is caused by the presence of a fibrous ring (discrete type) below the aortic valve, anywhere between the aortic valve and the mitral valve. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the left ventricle into the aorta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006987 biolink:NamedThing subvalvular aortic stenosis An aortic stenosis caused by fibromuscular stenosis or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It may be associated with congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006730 biolink:NamedThing drug psychosis Psychotic organic mental disorders resulting from the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals or other harmful substance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006744 biolink:NamedThing endolymphatic hydrops An accumulation of endolymph in the inner ear (labyrinth) leading to buildup of pressure and distortion of intralabyrinthine structures, such as cochlea and semicircular canals. It is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss; tinnitus; and sometimes vertigo. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013138 biolink:NamedThing vertigo, benign recurrent, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006746 biolink:NamedThing endomyocardial fibrosis A disease characterized by fibrotic thickening of the endocardium, particularly the right and/or left inflow tracts. The disease often involves the atrioventricular valves, leading to valvular regurgitaion. It most commonly occurs in children living within 15 degrees of the equator. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016340 biolink:NamedThing familial restrictive cardiomyopathy An instance of restrictive cardiomyopathy that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006751 biolink:NamedThing Erysipelothrix infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the genus erysipelothrix. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006752 biolink:NamedThing Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infectious disease A disease caused by infection with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019072 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic cholestasis A cholestasis characterized by impairment of the bile flow caused by obstruction located in the liver. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035777 biolink:NamedThing parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis A rare hepatic disease characterized by intrahepatic cholestasis and deterioration of liver function in patients receiving parenteral nutrition for extended periods of time (signs may appear as early as within the first two weeks of initiation of parenteral nutrition). The condition commonly occurs in neonates and usually resolves with transition to enteral feeding, although severe cases may progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006766 biolink:NamedThing gait apraxia Impaired ambulation not attributed to sensory impairment or motor weakness. frontal lobe disorders; basal ganglia diseases (e.g., parkinsonian disorders); dementia, multi-infarct; alzheimer disease; and other conditions may be associated with gait apraxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006800 biolink:NamedThing ideomotor apraxia A form of apraxia characterized by an acquired inability to carry out a complex motor activity despite the ability to mentally formulate the action. This condition has been attributed to a disruption of connections between the dominant parietal cortex and supplementary and premotor cortical regions in both hemispheres. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p57) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006770 biolink:NamedThing giant cell reparative granuloma A rare tumor-like lesion of the hands and feet characterized by the presence of hemorrhagic fibrous tissue, hemosiderin deposition, osteoclast-like giant cells which are irregularly distributed, and reactive bone formation. Pain and swelling are the most frequent symptoms. It may recur following curettage, but is usually cured after a second procedure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006788 biolink:NamedThing hydrophthalmos Abnormal enlargement of the eye DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013121 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 3, primary congenital, C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013122 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 3, primary congenital, D DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019838 biolink:NamedThing adenohypophysitis An autoimmune disease of the pituitary gland which can present with varying degrees of pituitary hormonal impairment and/or with symptoms related to pituitary enlargement. It predominantly affects young women in pregnancy or the peripartum period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015028 biolink:NamedThing 48,XXYY syndrome The 48,XXYY syndrome represents a chromosomal anomaly of the aneuploidic type characterized by the presence of an extra X and Y chromosome in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016045 biolink:NamedThing tetragametic chimerism Tetragametic chimerism is a rare, sex chromosome disorder of sex development characterized by the two different haploid sets of maternal and paternal chromosomes and variable phenotype - from normal male or female genitalia, to different degrees of ambiguous genitalia, and often infertility. Also, in the cases of monochorionic dizygotic twins, it can be confined to blood of both twins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700027 biolink:NamedThing chromosome X disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome X is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016851 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016852 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016854 biolink:NamedThing 49,XXXYY syndrome 49, XXXYY syndrome is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when a male inherits two extra copies of the X chromosome and one extra copy of the Y chromosome. The condition is extremely rare with only a handful of cases reported in the medical literature. Signs and symptoms associated with these cases include severe intellectual disability, distinctive facial features, normal to tall stature, gynecomastia, hypogonadism, and behavioral abnormalities. 49, XXXYY syndrome is likely caused by a mistake (called nondisjunction) that occurs at conception or during the formation of the sperm and/or egg. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017003 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017008 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019525 biolink:NamedThing tetrasomy X Tetrasomy X is a sex chromosome anomaly caused by the presence of two extra X chromosomes in females (48,XXXX instead of 46,XX). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019926 biolink:NamedThing X small rings X small rings is a rare chromosome X structural anomaly, with highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, facial asymmetry, hypertelorism, long palpebral fissures, epicanthus, low-set or malrotated ears, broad nose with a flat nasal bridge, anteverted nares, long philtrum, thin upper lip, high arched palate, micrognathia) and skeletal anomalies (e.g. cubitus valgus, talipes equinovarus). Patients may also present heart malformations (e.g. ventricular septal defects, mitral valve stenosis), sacral dimple, soft tissue syndactyly, pigmented nevi, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700065 biolink:NamedThing trisomy A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the presence of one chromosome in addition to the normal diploid number. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015060 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 3 Mosaic trisomy 3 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with high phenotypic variability ranging from a mild phenotype presenting joint pain and laxity, mild facial dysmorphism (e.g. long facies, prominent eyes, dysplastic ears, downturned corners of the mouth, micrognathia) and no developmental delays to more severe phenotypes including short stature, intellectual disability, severe developmental delays, additional craniofacial dysmorphic features (e.g. brachycephaly, high forehead, flat midface, short neck) and hearing impairment, as well as skeletal (e.g. pectus excavatum, scoliosis), ocular (e.g. coloboma) and cardiac abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015706 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015718 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 12 Mosaic trisomy 12 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with a highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by developmental or growth delay, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism (e.g. turricephaly, tall forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, posteriorly rotated and low set ears, narrow palate), congenital heart defects (e.g. atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus), hypotonia, and pigmentary dysplasia. Scoliosis, hearing loss, facial/body asymmetry, and intellectual disability have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015725 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 14 Mosaic trisomy 14 is a rare chromosomal disorder in which there are 3 copies (trisomy) of chromosome 14 in some cells of the body, while other cells have the usual two copies. The extent and severity of features in affected individuals can vary. Signs and symptoms that have been most commonly reported include intrauterine growth restriction ; failure to to thrive ; developmental delay; intellectual disability; distinctive facial characteristics; structural malformations of the heart; and other physical abnormalities. This condition is most often caused by an error in cell division in the egg or sperm cell before conception, or in fetal cells after fertilization. Treatment is directed toward the specific signs and symptoms in each individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015727 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 15 Mosaic trisomy 15 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome principally characterized by intrauterine growth restriction, congenital cardiac anomalies (incl. ventricular and atrial septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus) and craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge). Patients also present brain (e.g. hypoplastic cerebellum, ventricular asymmetry), renal (e.g. small dysplastic kidneys), and/or genital (undescended testis, small penis, hypoplastic labia majora) anomalies. Digital and skin pigmentation abnormalities have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015730 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 17 Mosaic trisomy 17 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with a highly variable clinical presentation, mostly characterized by growth delay, intellectual disability, body asymmetry with leg length differentiation, scoliosis, and congenital heart anomalies (e.g. ventricular septal defect). Prenatal ultrasound findings include intrauterine growth retardation, nuchal thickening brain anomalies (e.g. cerebellar hypoplasia), pleural effusion and single umbilical artery. Patients with no associated malformations have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015763 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 2 Mosaic trisomy 2 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with a highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by intrauterine growth restriction, growth and motor delay, craniofacial dysmorphism (e.g. microcephaly, hypertelorism, micro/anophthalmia, midface hypoplasia, cleft lip/palate), congenital heart and neural tube defects, as well as various skeletal (e.g. scoliosis, radioulnar hypoplasia, preaxial polydactyly) and gastrointestinal (e.g. intestinal malrotation, Hirschsprung disease) anomalies. Central nervous system malformations (including ventriculomegaly, thin corpus callosum, spina bifida) have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015771 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 7 Mosaic trisomy 7 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with a highly variable phenotype, mostly characterized by blaschkolinear skin pigmentary dysplasia, body asymmetry, enamel dysplasia, and developmental and growth delay. Intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism (e.g. frontal bossing, abnormal palpebral fissures, strabismus, abnormally shaped ears, and micrognathia), and genital anomalies (e.g. undescended testes) have also been observed. It has been reported to be associated with maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7, resulting in a Silver-Russell syndrome phenotype. Cases with no associated malformations have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018071 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 18 Trisomy 18 is a chromosomal abnormality associated with the presence of an extra chromosome 18 and characterized by growth delay, dolichocephaly, a characteristic facies, limb anomalies and visceral malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019339 biolink:NamedThing 47,XYY syndrome 47, XYY syndrome is a sex chromosome aneuploidy where males receive an additional Y chromosome, and is characterized clinically by tall stature evident from childhood, macrocephaly, facial features (mild hypertelorism, low set ears, a mildly flat malar region), speech delay and an increased risk for social and emotional difficulties, attention deficit hyperactive disorder and autistic spectrum disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019865 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 4 Mosaic Trisomy 4 is a rare autosomal anomaly, due to the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 4 in a fraction of all cells, with a variable phenotype characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight/length/OFC, mild intellectual deficit, congenital heart defects, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dysmorphic features (asymmetry of the face, eyebrow anomalies, low-set, posteriorally rotated, dysplastic ears, micro-/retrognathia), characteristic thumb abnormalities (aplasia, hypoplasia) and skin abnormalities (hypo/hyperpigmentation). Delayed puberty may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019866 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 5 Mosaic trisomy 5 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with a variable phenotype ranging from clinically normal to patients presenting intrauterine growth retardation, congenital heart anomalies (mainly ventricular septal defect), multiple dysmorphic features (e.g. hypertelorism, prominent nasal bridge) and other congenital anomalies (incl. eventration of diaphragm, agenesis of corpus callosum, cloverleaf skull, clinodactyly, anteriorly placed anus). Psychomotor development may be normal in spite of low growth parameters being associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019868 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 10 Mosaic trisomy 10 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with a highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by growth delay, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. prominent forehead, hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, blepharophimosis, low-set malformed large ears, high arched palate, cleft lip/palate, retrognathia) and cardiac, renal and skeletal (e.g. radial ray defects, scoliosis) malformations, with death usually ocurring neonatally or in early infancy. Other reported features include central nervous system and ear anomalies, as well as facial clefts and anal atresia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020490 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 9 Mosaic trisomy 9 is a chromosomal abnormality that can affect may parts of the body. In people affected by this condition, some of the body's cells have three copies of chromosome 9 (trisomy), while other cells have the usual two copies of this chromosome. The signs and symptoms vary but may include mild to severe intellectual disability, developmental delay, growth problems (both before and after birth), congenital heart defects, and/or abnormalities of the craniofacial (skull and face) region. Most cases are not inherited; it often occurs sporadically as a random event during the formation of the reproductive cells (egg and sperm) or as the fertilized egg divides. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022180 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16 trisomy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022757 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 20 trisomy Chromosome 20 trisomy, (also called trisomy 20) is a condition in which a fetus or individual has an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 20 in some or allof of his/her cells. An extra full copy of chromosome 20 in all of a person's cells is rare, and almost all fetuses with this do not survive past the first trimester ofpregnancy. The presence of an extra copyof only part of chromosome 20 is called partial trisomy 20; and an extra copy of chromosome 20 in only some of a person's cells is called mosaic trisomy 20. Mosaic trisomy 20 is the most common type of chromosome 20 trisomy and is one of the more common chromosomal abnormalities found during prenatal diagnostic testing. Studies have shown that the child is normal in the vast majority of prenatally diagnosed individuals. However, features that have been reported include spinal abnormalities (including spinal stenosis, vertebral fusion, and kyphosis), hypotonia (decreased muscle tone), life long constipation, sloped shoulders, and significant learning disabilities despite normal intelligence. Trisomy 20 usually results from an error that occurs when an egg or sperm cell develops (before fertilization); mosaic trisomy 20 usually results from errors in cell division soon after fertilization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022759 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 22 Trisomy 22 is a chromosome disorder in which an extra (third) copy of chromosome 22 is present in every cell of the body where there should normally only be two copies. This condition is commonly found in miscarriages, but only rarely in liveborn infants. Most affected individuals die shortly before or shortly after birth due to severe complications. Common features include an underdeveloped midface (midface hypoplasia)with flat/broad nasal bridge, malformed ears with pits or tags, cleft palate, hypertelorism (wide-spaced eyes), microcephaly and other cranial abnormalities, congenital heart disease, genital abnormalities, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043277 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 6 Trisomy 6 is a rare prenatal finding. Trisomy 6 conceptions have not been observed in the large case reports of chromosomal mosaicism detected during chorionic villus sampling (Hahnemann & Vejerslev 1997). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043452 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 8, trisomy A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the presence of a third copy of chromosome 8 in somatic cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700126 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 21 A chromosomal disorder consisting of the presence of an extra chromosome 21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035561 biolink:NamedThing sporadic human prion disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035562 biolink:NamedThing acquired human prion disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006826 biolink:NamedThing kwashiorkor A syndrome produced by severe protein deficiency, characterized by retarded growth, changes in skin and hair pigment, edema, and pathologic changes in the liver, including fatty infiltration, necrosis, and fibrosis. The word is a local name in Gold Coast, Africa, meaning 'displaced child'. Although first reported from Africa, kwashiorkor is now known throughout the world, but mainly in the tropics and subtropics. It is considered to be related to marasmus. (From Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006848 biolink:NamedThing marasmus The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient losses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006839 biolink:NamedThing Lutembacher syndrome A condition characterized by a combination of ostium secundum atrial septal defect and an acquired mitral valve stenosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007172 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 1 An atrial heart septal defect type 1 associated with variation in the region 5p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007173 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 7 Atrial septal defect (ASD) with atrioventricular conduction defects is an extremely rare genetic congenital heart disease characterized by the presence of ASD, mostly of the ostium secundum type, associated with conduction anomalies like atrioventricular block, atrial fibrillation or right bundle branch block. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011938 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 2 Any atrial heart septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GATA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012654 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 4 Any atrial heart septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBX20 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013011 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 5 Any atrial heart septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013123 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 6 Any atrial heart septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TLL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013567 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 3 Any atrial heart septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013750 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 8 Any atrial heart septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CITED2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013770 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect 9 Any atrial heart septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GATA6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020434 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect, ostium secundum type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020436 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect, sinus venosus type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020437 biolink:NamedThing atrial septal defect, ostium primum type Atrioventricular septal defect with communication at the atrial level only. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020439 biolink:NamedThing patent foramen ovale A persistent opening in the atrial septum after birth. While a normal part of fetal circulation, the foramen ovale should close once the newborn begins breathing and the pressure in the left atrium exceeds that of the right atrium. While a PFO is generally asymptomatic, it can lead to the passage of clots from the venous circulation into the artierial circulation, resulting in paradoxical emboli, and possible strokes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006851 biolink:NamedThing meconium aspiration syndrome A serious condition in which a newborn breathes a mixture of meconium (the first intestinal discharge) and amniotic fluid into the lungs around the time of delivery. Meconium aspiration syndrome occurs in 5-10 percent of births and typically occurs when the infant is stressed, as when the infant is past its due date. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024262 biolink:NamedThing massive neonatal aspiration syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006865 biolink:NamedThing necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis A bacterial infectious process affecting the gums. It is characterized by the development of necrotic, ulcerated, and painful lesions with creation of pseudomembranes extending along the gingival margins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020782 biolink:NamedThing chronic gingivitis Chronic painless inflammation of the gums. It is characterized by erythema and edema of the gums and bleeding while brushing the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006866 biolink:NamedThing neonatal myasthenia gravis A disorder of neuromuscular transmission that occurs in a minority of newborns born to women with myasthenia gravis. Clinical features are usually present at birth or develop in the first 3 days of life and consist of hypotonia and impaired respiratory, suck, and swallowing abilities. This condition is associated with the passive transfer of acetylcholine receptor antibodies through the placenta. In the majority of infants the myasthenic weakness resolves (i.e., transient neonatal myasthenia gravis) although this disorder may rarely continue beyond the neonatal period (i.e., persistent neonatal myasthenia gravis). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p823; Neurology 1997 Jan;48(1):50-4) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008036 biolink:NamedThing myasthenia, limb-girdle, autoimmune DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011768 biolink:NamedThing myasthenia gravis with thymus hyperplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018324 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset myasthenia gravis Acquired myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction characterized by fatigable muscle weakness with frequent ocular signs and/or generalized muscle weakness, and occasionally associated with thymoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018325 biolink:NamedThing juvenile myasthenia gravis Juvenile myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare form of MG, an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction resulting in ocular manifestations or generalized weakness, with onset before 18 years of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018326 biolink:NamedThing transient neonatal myasthenia gravis Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare form of MG occurring in neonates born to mothers who have the disorder or specific circulating autoantibodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015589 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis A rare disorder characterized by degenerative changes in the limbic area of the brain. Causes include infections and autoimmune conditions; it may also manifest as a paraneoplastic syndrome, most often caused by small cell lung carcinoma. Signs and symptoms include behavioral changes, hallucinations and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016174 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic sensory ganglionopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018556 biolink:NamedThing Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is an autoimmune, presynaptic disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness and autonomic dysfunction frequently associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017212 biolink:NamedThing paraneoplastic uveitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006889 biolink:NamedThing paraphimosis A condition in which the foreskin of an uncircumcised male is retracted and cannot be pulled back over the glans penis. It results in painful swelling of the glans penis and, if is not corrected, may lead to gangrene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040998 biolink:NamedThing Pasteurella multocida infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006908 biolink:NamedThing pituitary apoplexy A rare, potentially life-threatening disorder caused by acute ischemic infarction or hemorrhage in the pituitary gland. It is most often associated with the presence of a pituitary gland adenoma. Signs and symptoms include headache, vomiting, visual disturbances, and endocrine dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019832 biolink:NamedThing acquired pituitary hormone deficiency An instance of hypopituitarism that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016042 biolink:NamedThing late-onset isolated ACTH deficiency Late-onset isolated ACTH deficiency is a rare, acquired, pituitary hormone deficiency characterized by secondary adrenal insufficiency, with normal secretion of anterior pituitary hormones, except for ACTH. Patients present with weakness, fatigue, weight loss, anorexia, vomiting/nausea, hypoglycemia, and abnormally low serum ACTH and cortisol levels. Association with autoimmune disease such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis has been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019845 biolink:NamedThing iatrogenic or traumatic pituitary deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006935 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary subvalvular stenosis The obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract that originates within the body of the right ventricle, that exists at the time of birth; it often occurs in association with other intracardiac anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043099 biolink:NamedThing Hordnes Engebretsen Knudtson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006946 biolink:NamedThing renal osteodystrophy Abnormalities of bone mineral metabolism associated with chronic kidney disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017323 biolink:NamedThing hypocalcemic rickets Hypocalcemic rickets is a group of genetic diseases characterized by hypocalcemia and rickets. It comprises hypocalcemic vitamin D dependent rickets (VDDR-I) and hypocalcemic vitamin D resistant rickets (HVDRR). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024299 biolink:NamedThing vitamin D-dependent rickets DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006953 biolink:NamedThing Rh isoimmunization The mother develops antibodies against red blood cell Rhesus antigens. This may lead to potential fetal adverse outcomes such as anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0006957 biolink:NamedThing root caries Dental caries involving the tooth root, cementum, or cervical area of the tooth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010837 biolink:NamedThing primary hyperparathyroidism Hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands resulting in the overproduction of parathyroid hormone. It is caused by parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, parathyroid carcinoma, and multiple endocrine neoplasia. It is associated with hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. Signs and symptoms include weakness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, constipation, depression, bone pain, osteoporosis, cystic bone lesions, and kidney stones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021132 biolink:NamedThing tertiary hyperparathyroidism An overproduction of parathyroid hormone that is autonomous and often associated with chronic secondary hyperparathyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017735 biolink:NamedThing congenital aortic valve stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009144 biolink:NamedThing Ebstein anomaly Ebstein's malformation is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly characterized by rotational displacement of the septal and inferior leaflets of the tricuspid valve such that they are hinged within the right ventricle, rather than as expected at the atrioventricular junction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019811 biolink:NamedThing tricuspid valve agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019813 biolink:NamedThing congenital tricuspid stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019814 biolink:NamedThing straddling or overriding tricuspid valve Straddling or overriding tricuspid valve is a rare, congenital, tricuspid valve malformation characterized by the tricuspid valve that overrides the ventricular septum and communicates with both ventricles, as part of the tension apparatus of the valve crosses the ventricular septal defect and is attached in the left ventricle. The anomaly occurs with other congenital heart defects (transposition of great vessels, left ventricle outflow tract obstruction, double outlet right ventricle, hypoplastic right ventricle), which determine the main clinical manifestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019815 biolink:NamedThing accessory tricuspid valve tissue Accessory tricuspid valve tissue is a rare, congenital, atrioventricular valve malformation characterized by fixed or mobile accessory tissue on the tricuspid valve, usually associated with other complex congenital heart anomalies (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, transposition of great arteries, tetralogy Fallot). It may present clinically with systolic murmur, dyspnea, cyanosis, depending also on accompanying congenital heart anomaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019816 biolink:NamedThing anomaly of the tricuspid subvalvular apparatus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007007 biolink:NamedThing Ureaplasma urethritis Infections with bacteria of the genus ureaplasma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007012 biolink:NamedThing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease A form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease that is most commonly contracted after consuming meat from an animal suffering from bovine spongiform encephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020246 biolink:NamedThing inherited vitreoretinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034954 biolink:NamedThing syndromic vitreoretinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100484 biolink:NamedThing TSPAN12-related vitreoretinopathy A vitreoretinopathy caused by variants in the TSPAN12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007022 biolink:NamedThing xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis Chronic, destructive infection of the kidney characterized by lipid-laden macrophages in the setting of obstruction secondary to infected renal stones, most commonly caused by Proteus or Escherichia coli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007024 biolink:NamedThing Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infectious disease Infections with bacteria of the species yersinia pseudotuberculosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042370 biolink:NamedThing Yersinia enterocolitica infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013209 biolink:NamedThing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease A term referring to fatty replacement of the hepatic parenchyma which is not related to alcohol use. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021105 biolink:NamedThing NAFLD1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021005 biolink:NamedThing faciodigitogenital syndrome A rare developmental disorder characterized by facial, limbs and genital features, and a disproportionate acromelic short stature. This includes X-linked, AR and AD forms of Aarskog syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010589 biolink:NamedThing Aarskog-Scott syndrome, X-linked Aarskog-Scott syndrome (AAS) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by facial, limbs and genital features, and a disproportionate acromelic short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007032 biolink:NamedThing prune belly syndrome Prune belly syndrome is a rare congenital disorder, belonging to the group of fetal lower urinary tract obstructions (LUTO), involving variable dilation of the lower urinary tract in association with partial or complete absence of the lateral and inferior abdominal wall musculature and in males bilateral non-palpable undescended testes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008301 biolink:NamedThing Guttmacher syndrome Guttmacher syndrome is an extremely rare syndrome characterized by hypoplastic thumbs and halluces, 5th finger clinobrachydactyly, postaxial polydactyly of the hands, short or uniphalangeal 2nd toes with absent nails and hypospadias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008636 biolink:NamedThing double uterus-hemivagina-renal agenesis syndrome Double uterus, hemivagina and renal agenesis is a rare congenital urogenital anomaly characterized by the presence of double uterus (didelphys, bicornuate or septum-complete or partial), unilateral cervico-vaginal obstruction (obstructed hemivagina-communicant, not communicant or septate and unilateral cervical atresia) and ipsilateral renal anomalies (renal agenesis and/or other urinary tract anomalies). Patients are usually diagnosed at puberty after menarche due to recurrent severe dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, excessive foul smelling mucopurulent discharge, spotting and intermenstrual bleeding (depending on the existence of uterine or vaginal communications). fever, dyspareunia, and a palpable abdominal, pelvic or vaginal mass (mucocolpos or pyocolpos) may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009774 biolink:NamedThing cloacal exstrophy A major birth defect representing the severe end of the spectrum of the exstrophy-epispadias complex (EEC) characterized by omphalocele, exstrophy, imperforate anus and spinal defects (also referred to as the OEIS complex), often associated with other malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010748 biolink:NamedThing torticollis-keloids-cryptorchidism-renal dysplasia syndrome Torticollis-keloids-cryptorchidism-renal dysplasia syndrome is an extremely rare developmental defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome characterized by congenital muscular torticollis associated with skin anomalies (such as multiple keloids, pigmented nevi, epithelioma), urogenital malformations (including cryptorchidism and hypospadias) and renal dysplasia (e.g. chronic pyelonephritis, renal atrophy). Additional reported features include varicose veins, intellectual disability and musculoskeletal anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016639 biolink:NamedThing lower limb deficiency-hypospadias syndrome Lower limb malformation-hypospadias syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by severe, uni- or bilateral lower limb malformations (incl. tibial hypoplasia, split and rocker bottom-shaped feet, and oligosyndactyly), normal upper limbs and hypospadias. Additional dysmorphic features (e.g. short neck and low-set, large ears), atrial septal defect, ureteropelvic junction stenosis and slight septation of the spleen, have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1977. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016658 biolink:NamedThing 8p23.1 microdeletion syndrome 8p23.1 deletion involves a partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 8 characterized by low birth weight, postnatal growth deficiency, mild intellectual deficit, hyperactivity, craniofacial abnormalities, and congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016827 biolink:NamedThing myopathy-growth delay-intellectual disability-hypospadias syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017857 biolink:NamedThing spina bifida-hypospadias syndrome Spina bifida-hypospadias syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by the specific association of glandular hypospadias and lumbo-sacral spina bifida. Affected individuals may or may not present additional congenital anomalies, such as hydrocephaly, microstomia, patent ductus arteriosus, cryptorchidism, intestinal malrotation, rocker-bottom feet, and hypertrichosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018639 biolink:NamedThing caudal regression-sirenomelia spectrum Caudal regression-sirenomelia spectrum is a group of rare genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis disorders characterized by varying degrees of caudal abdomen, pelvic, renal, anorectal, urogenital and/or lumbosacral spine malformations, with or without lower limb fusion. Phenotype is highly variable ranging from minor forms with isolated coccygeal agenesis to severe forms presenting with a single rudimentary limb. Central nervous system anomalies have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015195 biolink:NamedThing atresia of urethra Atresia of the urethra is a rare congenital bladder outlet obstruction, a fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (fetal LUTO), that is usually fatal. Unless there is some other egress for the urine to escape the bladder, such as patent urachus or anuro-rectal communication, these lesions are not compatible with renal development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019640 biolink:NamedThing posterior urethral valve Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is the most common anomaly of fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) and is characterized by an abnormal congenital obstructing membrane that is located within the posterior urethra associated with significant obstruction of the male bladder restricting normal bladder emptying. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007134 biolink:NamedThing Cooks syndrome Cooks syndrome is a malformation syndrome affecting the apical structures of digits and presenting with hypo/aplasia of nails and distal phalanges. More than half of digits are usually involved and the thumbs may appear digitalized. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007214 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-preaxial hallux varus syndrome Preaxial brachydactyly-hallux varus syndrome is characterized the association of hallux varus with short thumbs and first toes (involving the metacarpals, metatarsals, and distal phalanges; the proximal and middle phalanges are of normal length) and abduction of the affected digits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007615 biolink:NamedThing laurin-Sandrow syndrome Laurin-Sandrow syndrome (LSS) is characterised by complete polysyndactyly of the hands, mirror feet and nose anomalies (hypoplasia of the nasal alae and short columella), often associated with ulnar and/or fibular duplication (and sometimes tibial agenesis). It has been described in less than 20 cases. Some cases with the same clinical signs but without nasal defects have also been reported, and may represent the same entity. The etiology of LSS is unknown. Different modes of inheritance have been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007696 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Nelson syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008286 biolink:NamedThing crossed polysyndactyly Crossed polysyndactyly is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral postaxial polydactyly in the hands and preaxial polydactyly in the feet, associated with bilateral cutaneous syndactyly of first, second and third toes. Cutaneous syndactyly in hands has also been reported in some patients. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008540 biolink:NamedThing extensor tendons of finger anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008562 biolink:NamedThing thumb deformity-alopecia-pigmentation anomaly syndrome Thumb deformity-alopecia-pigmentation anomaly syndrome is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by short stature, sparse scalp hair, hypoplastic, proximally-placed thumbs, and skin hyperpigmentation with areas of 'raindrop' depigmentation. Presence of a single, upper central incisor has also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008563 biolink:NamedThing thumb stiffness-brachydactyly-intellectual disability syndrome Thumb stiffness-brachydactyly-intellectual disability syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, mild dysmorphism, type A brachydactylia, signs of obesity and ankylosis of both thumbs. It has been reported in several females from one family (a girl and her mother, her grandmother and probably also her sister and her great-aunt), as well as in an isolated case. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008606 biolink:NamedThing Say-field-Coldwell syndrome Say-Field-Coldwell syndrome is characterised by triphalangeal thumbs, brachydactyly, camptodactyly, recurrent dislocation of the patellas and relatively short stature. It has been described in a mother and her three daughters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008607 biolink:NamedThing triphalangeal thumbs-brachyectrodactyly syndrome Triphalangeal thumbs-brachyectrodactyly syndrome is characterised by triphalangeal thumbs and brachydactyly of the hands. It has been described in four families and in one isolated case. Ectrodactyly of the feet and, more rarely, ectrodactyly of the hands were also reported in some family members. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008931 biolink:NamedThing Cenani-Lenz syndactyly syndrome Cenani-Lenz syndrome (CLS) is a congenital malformation syndrome that associates a complex syndactyly of the hands with malformations of the forearm bones and similar manifestations in the lower limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009321 biolink:NamedThing hallux varus-preaxial polysyndactyly syndrome Hallux varus-preaxial polysyndactyly syndrome is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation disorder characterized by bilateral medial displacement of the hallux and preaxial polysyndactyly of the first toes. Radiographs show broad, shortened, misshapen first metatarsals and may associate incomplete or complete duplication of proximal phalanges and duplication or triplication of distal phalanges. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1980. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010087 biolink:NamedThing Sugarman brachydactyly Sugarman brachydactyly is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation characterized by brachydactyly of fingers, with major proximal phalangeal shortening and immobile proximal interphalangeal joints, as well as dorsally and proximally placed, non-articulating great toes (with or without angulation). Radiographic findings of hands include bilateral double first metacarpals and biphalangeal fifth fingers. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010538 biolink:NamedThing Mononen-Karnes-Senac syndrome Mononen-Karnes-Senac syndrome is characterized by skeletal dysplasia associated with finger malformations (brachydactyly with short and abducted thumbs, short index fingers, and markedly short and abducted great toes), variable mild short stature, and mild bowleg with overgrowth of the fibula. It has been described in two males, their mothers, and a maternal aunt. Females are less severely affected than males. X-linked dominant inheritance is suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011621 biolink:NamedThing acropectoral syndrome Acro-pectoral syndrome is characterized by a combination of distal limb abnormalities (syndactyly of all fingers and toes, preaxial polydactyly in the feet and/or hands) and upper sternum malformations. It has been described in 22 patients from a six-generation Turkish family. It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and the causative gene is located at 7q36. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012063 biolink:NamedThing ulnar/fibula ray defect-brachydactyly syndrome Ulnar/fibula ray defect - brachydactyly syndrome is a very rare malformation syndrome characterized by ulnar hypoplasia associated with hypoplastic to absent fourth and/or fifth digits, fibular hypoplasia, short stature and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013334 biolink:NamedThing cocoon syndrome Fetal encasement syndrome is a rare, lethal developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by severe fetal malformations, including craniofacial dysmorphism (abnormal cyst in the cranial region, hypoplastic eyeballs, two orifices in the nasal region separated by a nasal septum, abnormal orifice replacing the mouth), omphalocele and immotile, hypoplastic limbs encased under an abnormal, transparent, membrane-like skin. Additional features include absence of adnexal structures of the skin on the outer aspect of the limbs, as well as underdeveloped skeletal muscles and bones. Association with tetralogy of Fallot, horse-shoe kidneys and diaphragm and lung lobulation defects is reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014069 biolink:NamedThing syndactyly-camptodactyly and clinodactyly of fifth fingers-bifid toes syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015225 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015227 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic limb malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015272 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly-taurinuria syndrome Camptodactyly-taurinuria syndrome is a congenital malformation syndrome characterized by the association of a permanent camptodactyly of the fingers with the over excretion of taurine in the urine. Camptodactyly mainly affects the little finger, although any finger may be involved. The disease has been described in 17 affected patients from 4 unrelated families. An autosomal dominant inheritance has been suggested. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1966. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015773 biolink:NamedThing fibular dimelia-diplopodia syndrome Fibular dimelia-diplopodia syndrome is a rare developmental anomaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017454 biolink:NamedThing triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome Triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome (TPT-PS) is a hand-foot malformation characterized by triphalangeal thumbs and pre- and postaxial polydactyly, isolated syndactyly or complex polysyndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019685 biolink:NamedThing FGFR3-related chondrodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007039 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis type 2 A tumor-prone disorder characterized by the development of multiple schwannomas and meningiomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008081 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis, type IV, of Riccardi DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007040 biolink:NamedThing Sakati-Nyhan syndrome An acrocephalosyndactylia characterized by abnormalities in the bones of the legs, congenital heart defects and craniofacial defects and craniosynostosis. The patients suffer from cyanosis and other respiratory and breathing infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008711 biolink:NamedThing Goodman syndrome Goodman syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by marked malformations of the head and face (essentially acrocephaly), abnormalities of the hands and feet (polydactyly, syndactyly, clinodactyly, camptodactyly, ulnar deviation), and congenital heart disease. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1979. Goodman syndrome could be a variant of Carpenter syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019012 biolink:NamedThing Carpenter syndrome An extremely rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by premature closure of cranial sutures leading to cone-shaped head, fusion of the digits, and the presence of more digits than normal. It may be associated with heart defects, single horseshoe-shaped kidney, short stature, undescended testes, and mild mental retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007044 biolink:NamedThing acrodysostosis 1 with or without hormone resistance An autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by mutation(s) in the PRKAR1A gene, encoding cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit. It is characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, and characteristic facial features. Resistance to multiple hormones is a common finding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013822 biolink:NamedThing acrodysostosis 2 with or without hormone resistance Any acrodysostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE4D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008715 biolink:NamedThing acrofrontofacionasal dysostosis A congenital malformation syndrome characterized by the association of facial and skeletal anomalies with severe intellectual deficit and occasional genitourinary anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011359 biolink:NamedThing acromelic frontonasal dysostosis Acromelic frontonasal dysplasia (AFND) is a rare variant of frontonasal dysplasia characterized by distinct craniofacial (large fontanelle, hypertelorism, bifid nasal tip, nasal clefting, brachycephaly, median cleft face, carp-shaped mouth), brain (interhemispheric lipoma, agenesis of the corpus callosum), and limb (tibial hypoplasia/aplasia, club foot, symmetric preaxial polydactyly of the feet and bilateral clubbed and thickened nails of halluces) malformations as well as intellectual disability. Other manifestations sometimes reported include absent olfactory bulbs, hypopituitarism and cryptorchidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014651 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis Cincinnati type Any acrofacial dysostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLR1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021764 biolink:NamedThing acrofacial dysostosis Preis type Acrofacial dysostosis with pre-and postaxial involvement; a postaxial defect of the right, and a preaxial defect of the left hand. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007047 biolink:NamedThing punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type III Acrokeratoelastoidosis of Costa is a rare dermatosis characterized by small, firm papules or plaques (resembling warts) on the sides of the hands and feet. These stationary and asymptomatic lesions appear generally at puberty, or sometimes later DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017676 biolink:NamedThing marginal papular palmoplantar keratoderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017677 biolink:NamedThing focal acral hyperkeratosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036918 biolink:NamedThing punctate acrokeratoderma freckle-like pigmentation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007271 biolink:NamedThing familial cutaneous collagenoma Familial cutaneous collagenoma is a connective tissue nevus characterized by multiple, flesh-colored asymptomatic nodules distributed symmetrically on the trunk and upper arms (mainly on the upper two-thirds of the back), manifesting around adolescence. The skin biopsy reveals an accumulation of collagen fibers with reduction in the number of elastic fibers. Cardiac anomalies may be observed. Familial cutaneous collagenoma follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007529 biolink:NamedThing elastosis perforans serpiginosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009000 biolink:NamedThing familial reactive perforating collagenosis Familial reactive perforating collagenosis is a very rare genetic skin disease characterized by transepidermal elimination of collagen fibers presenting as recurrent spontaneously involuting keratotic papules or nodules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012570 biolink:NamedThing body skin hyperlaxity due to vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency Body skin hyperlaxity due to vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency is a very rare genetic skin disease characterized by severe skin laxity affecting the trunk and limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016175 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa Cutis laxa (CL) is an inherited or acquired connective tissue disorder characterized by wrinkled, redundant and sagging inelastic skin associated with skeletal and developmental anomalies and, in some cases, with severe systemic involvement. Several different forms of inherited CL have been described, differentiated on the basis of the mode of inheritance and differences in the extent of internal organ involvement, associated anomalies and disease severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016434 biolink:NamedThing acquired dermis elastic tissue disorder An instance of dermis elastic tissue disorder that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016445 biolink:NamedThing familial anetoderma Familial anetoderma is an extremely rare genetic skin disease characterized by loss of elastin tissue leading to localized areas of flaccid skin and a family history of the disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007051 biolink:NamedThing acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome Acromegaloid facial appearance (AFA) syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with a probable autosomal dominant inheritance, characterized by a progressively coarse acromegaloid-like facial appearance with thickening of the lips and intraoral mucosa, large and doughy hands and, in some cases, developmental delay. AFA syndrome appears to be part of a phenotypic spectrum that includes hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia, Cantu type and hypertrichosis-acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015160 biolink:NamedThing multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome-variable intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007301 biolink:NamedThing cerebrocostomandibular syndrome Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome (CCMS) is characterized at birth by posterior rib gaps and orofacial anomalies reminiscent of Pierre Robin syndrome that include palatal defects (short hard palate, absent soft palate, absent uvula), micrognathia and glossoptosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007804 biolink:NamedThing Pallister-Hall syndrome Pallister-Hall syndrome (PHS), a pleiotropic autosomal dominant malformative disorder, is characterized by hypothalamic hamartoma, pituitary dysfunction, bifid epiglottis, polydactyly, and, more rarely, renal abnormalities and genitourinary malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007993 biolink:NamedThing microgastria-limb reduction defect syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of microgastria with a limb reduction defect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008411 biolink:NamedThing ulnar-mammary syndrome Ulnar-mammary syndrome (UMS) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by ulnar defects, mammary and apocrine gland hypoplasia and genital anomalies. Delayed puberty dental anomalies, short stature and obesity have also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008499 biolink:NamedThing short stature-wormian bones-dextrocardia syndrome Short stature-wormian bones-dextrocardia syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by wormian bones, dextrocardia and short stature due to a growth hormone deficiency. Additional manifestations that have been reported include brachycamptodactyly, kidney hypoplasia, bilateral cryptorchidism, midshaft hypospadias, imperforate anus/anorectal agenesis, body asymetry, mild developmental delay, hemimegalencephaly and facial dysmorphism, such as hypotelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set and posteriorly angulated ears, depressed nasal bridge, and microstomia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008799 biolink:NamedThing anophthalmia/microphthalmia-esophageal atresia syndrome Anophthalmia-esophageal atresia syndrome belongs to the group of syndromic microphthalmias and is characterized by the association of uni- or bilateral anophthalmia or microphthalmia, and esophageal atresia with or without trachoesophageal fistula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008803 biolink:NamedThing Antley-Bixler syndrome Antley-Bixler syndrome is a very rare disorder characterised by craniosynostosis with midface hypoplasia, radiohumeral synostosis, femoral bowing and joint contractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008896 biolink:NamedThing campomelia, Cumming type Campomelia, Cumming type, is characterized by the association of limb defects and multivisceral anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009425 biolink:NamedThing hypomandibular faciocranial dysostosis Hypomandibular faciocranial dysostosis is a cranial malformation characterized by facial dysmorphism (proptosis, frontal bossing, midface and zygomatic arches hypoplasia, short nose with anteverted nostrils, microstomia with persistent buccopharyngeal membrane, severe hypoglossia with glossoptosis, severe mandibular hypoplasia, and low set ears) associated with laryngeal hypoplasia and craniosynostosis. Other variable features include cleft palate, optic nerve coloboma and choanal stenosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009473 biolink:NamedThing isotretinoin-like syndrome Isotretinoin-like syndrome is a phenocopy of the isotretinoin embryopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009525 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation 3 The distal limb deficiencies-micrognathia syndrome is characterized by the combination of symmetric severe distal limb reduction deficiencies affecting all four limbs (oligodactyly), microretrognathia, and microstomia with or without cleft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009560 biolink:NamedThing oculotrichoanal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009569 biolink:NamedThing Hennekam-Beemer syndrome Hennekam-Beemer syndrome is characterized by the association of skin mastocytosis (appearing as diffuse pigmentation), short stature, microcephaly, conductive hearing loss, and dysmorphic features. It has been described in only two (female) cases: one with normal mental development born to consanguineous parents and the other with severe psychomotor retardation born to unrelated parents. The mode of inheritance is most likely autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009582 biolink:NamedThing Mietens syndrome Mietens syndrome is a very rare syndrome consisting of corneal opacity, nystagmus, strabismus, flexion contracture of the elbows with dislocation of the head of the radius and abnormally short ulnae and radii. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010972 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus-costovertebral dysplasia-Sprengel anomaly syndrome This syndrome is characterised principally by Sprengel anomaly (upward displacement of the scapula) and hydrocephaly. Other anomalies such as psychomotor retardation, psychosis, brachydactyly, and costovertebral dysplasia may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011134 biolink:NamedThing Curry-Jones syndrome Curry-Jones syndrome is a form of syndromic craniosynostosis, characterized by unilateral coronal craniosynostosis or multiple suture synostosis associated with complete or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, preaxial polysyndactyly and syndactyly of hands and/or feet, along with anomalies of the skin (characteristic pearly white areas that become scarred and atrophic, abnormal hair growth around the eyes and/or cheeks, and on the limbs), eyes (iris colobomas, microphthalmia,) and intestine (congenital short gut, malrotation, dysmotility, chronic constipation, bleeding and myofibromas). Developmental delay and variable degrees of intellectual disability may also be observed. Multiple intra-abdominal smooth muscle hamartomas, trichoblastoma of the skin, occipital meningoceles and development of desmoplastic medulloblastoma have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012209 biolink:NamedThing branchiogenic deafness syndrome Branchiogenic deafness syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome, described in one family to date, characterized by branchial cysts or fistulae; ear malformations; congenital hearing loss (conductive, sensorineural, and mixed); internal auditory canal hypoplasia; strabismus; trismus; abnormal fifth fingers; vitiliginous lesions, short stature; and mild learning disability. Renal and uretral abnormalities are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013226 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency with faciooculoskeletal anomalies Combined immunodeficiency with faciooculoskeletal anomalies is an extremely rare combined immunodeficiency disorder characterized by primary immunodeficiency manifesting with repeated bacterial, viral and fungal infections, in association with neurological manifestations (hypotonia, cerebellar ataxia, myoclonic seizures), developmental delay, optic atrophy, facial dysmorphism (high forehead, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, palpebral edema, hypertelorism, flat nasal bridge, broad nasal root and tip, anteverted nares, thin lower lip overlapped by upper lip, square chin) and skeletal anomalies (short metacarpals/metatarsals with cone-shaped epiphyses, osteopenia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013396 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1p32-p31 deletion syndrome 1p31p32 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1, characterized by developmental delay, corpus callosum agenesis/hypoplasia and craniofacial dysmorphism, such as macrocephaly (caused by hydrocephalus or ventriculomegaly), low-set ears, anteverted nostrils and micrognathia. Urinary tract defects (e.g. vesicoureteral reflux, urinary incontinence) are also frequently associated. Other reported variable manifestations include hypotonia, tethered spinal cord, Chiari type I malformation and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014044 biolink:NamedThing dysmorphism-conductive hearing loss-heart defect syndrome A syndrome characterized by distinctive facial features, cleft palate, conductive hearing loss, and mild developmental delay. The craniofacial dysmorphism included low frontal hairline, ptosis, prominent eyes, flat midface, Cupid's bow configuration of the upper lip, and low-set, posteriorly rotated small ears. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015206 biolink:NamedThing short stature-heart defect-craniofacial anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015235 biolink:NamedThing arachnodactyly-intellectual disability-dysmorphism syndrome Arachnodactyly-intellectual disability-dysmorphism syndrome is characterized by moderate intellectual deficit, brachycephaly, typical facies (thin lips and microstomia), ectomorphic habitus with extremely long, thin fingers and toes, and hypoplastic external genitalia. It has been described in three patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016515 biolink:NamedThing Kallmann syndrome-heart disease syndrome Kallmann syndrome with cardiopathy is characterised by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency, anosmia or hyposmia (with hypoplasia or aplasia of the olfactory bulbs) and complex congenital cardiac malformations (double-outlet right ventricle, dilated cardiomyopathy, right aortic arch). It represents a distinct clinical entity from Kallmann syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017193 biolink:NamedThing symptomatic form of Coffin-Lowry syndrome in female carriers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017770 biolink:NamedThing Robinow-like syndrome Robinow-like syndrome is characterized by the association of the clinical features present in Robinow syndrome (short stature, mesomelic brachymelia, macrocephaly, and hypoplastic genitalia), with anterior chamber cleavage anomalies. It has been described in two sisters and is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044717 biolink:NamedThing 4q25 proximal deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800042 biolink:NamedThing restrictive dermopathy 1 A a neonatal lethal genetic disease characterized by very tight and thin skin with erosions and scaling, associated to a typical facial dysmorphism, arthrogryposis multiplex, fetal akinesia or hypokinesia deformation sequence (FADS) and pulmonary hypoplasia without neurological abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007052 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010492 biolink:NamedThing pituitary adenoma, growth hormone-secreting, 2 Any pituitary gland adenoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GPR101 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054601 biolink:NamedThing pituitary adenoma 5, multiple types DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054665 biolink:NamedThing pituitary adenoma 3, multiple types DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007053 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012135 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012492 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012493 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012636 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012641 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013022 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014079 biolink:NamedThing restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007056 biolink:NamedThing acroosteolysis A condition that is characterized by degeneration of the distal phalanges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019707 biolink:NamedThing primary osteolysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008152 biolink:NamedThing multicentric carpo-tarsal osteolysis with or without nephropathy Idiopathic multicentric osteolysis is a very rare syndrome characterized by progressive loss of bone, usually the capsal and tarsal bones, resulting in deformity and disability, as well as chronic renal failure in many cases. The bone and renal disorders are sometimes associated with intellectual deficit and facial abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008175 biolink:NamedThing pacman dysplasia Pacman dysplasia is characterized by epiphyseal stippling and osteoclastic overactivity. It has been described in less than 10 patients but may be underdiagnosed. It is characterized radiographically by severe stippling of the lower spine and long bones, and periosteal cloaking. Patients also have short metacarpals. The syndrome may be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. This disorder should be included in the differential diagnosis of mucolipidosis type II. In order to make a definitive diagnosis, lysosomal storage should be investigated by electron microscopy, or enzyme assays should be performed. Familial recurrence can be easily detected by prenatal ultrasonography. This skeletal dysplasia is lethal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008275 biolink:NamedThing familial expansile osteolysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009229 biolink:NamedThing hyaline fibromatosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009810 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive distal osteolysis syndrome Autosomal recessive distal osteolysis syndrome is an early-onset distal osteolysis characterised by severe resorption of the hands and feet and absence of the distal and middle phalanges. It has been described in a son and daughter born to consanguineous parents. Other manifestations include distal muscular hypertrophy, flexion contractures, short stature, mild intellectual deficit and characteristic facies (maxillary hypoplasia, exophthalmos, and a broad nasal tip). It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011183 biolink:NamedThing Paget disease of bone 2, early-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012330 biolink:NamedThing talo-patello-scaphoid osteolysis Talo-patello-scaphoid osteolysis is an extremely rare form of primary osteolysis, described in two sisters to date, characterized by bilateral osteolysis of the tali, scaphoids, and patellae (accompanied by periarticular swelling and pain) and short fourth metacarpals (brachydactyly type E), in the absence of renal disease. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018128 biolink:NamedThing phalangeal microgeodic syndrome Phalangeal microgeodic syndrome is a rare primary osteolysis characterized by multiple small osteolytic areas and sclerosis in the phalanges of one or both hands associated with swelling and redness of the phalanges. Condition is benign, self-limited and may be associated with cold exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018298 biolink:NamedThing multicentric osteolysis-nodulosis-arthropathy spectrum A rare genetic chronic skeletal disorder characterized by peripheral osteolysis (especially carpal and tarsal bones), interphalangeal joint erosions, subcutaneous fibrocollagenous nodules, facial dysmorphism, and a wide range of associated manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007058 biolink:NamedThing acropectorovertebral dysplasia Acropectorovertebral dysplasia is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by fusion of the carpal and tarsal bones, with complex anomalies of the fingers and toes (preaxial polydactyly of the hands and/or feet, syndactyly of fingers and toes, hypoplasia and dysgenesis of metatarsal bones). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015929 biolink:NamedThing thoracic malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007388 biolink:NamedThing congenitally short costocoracoid ligament Congenital shortness of the costocoracoid ligament is a rare anomaly characterized by fixation of the scapula to the first rib, resulting in a cosmetic deformity with rounding of the shoulders and loss of the anterior clavicular contour. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008482 biolink:NamedThing Sprengel deformity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008551 biolink:NamedThing thoracolaryngopelvic dysplasia A short-rib dysplasia characterized by thoracic dystrophy, laryngeal stenosis and a small pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009794 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome IV Oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 4 is characterized by lingual hamartoma, postaxial polysyndactyly of hands and feet, and mesomelic shortening of the legs with supinate equinovarus feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010115 biolink:NamedThing thoracic dysplasia-hydrocephalus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010116 biolink:NamedThing thoracomelic dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014870 biolink:NamedThing NEK9-related lethal skeletal dysplasia NEK9-related lethal skeletal dysplasia is a rare, lethal, primary bone dysplasia characterized by fetal akinesia, multiple contractures, shortening of all long bones, short, broad ribs, narrow chest and thorax, pulmonary hypoplasia and a protruding abdomen. Short bowed femurs may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016066 biolink:NamedThing sternal cleft Sternal cleft (SC) is a rare idiopathic congenital thoracic malformation characterized by a sternal fusion defect, that can be complete or partial (either superior or inferior), that is usually asymptomatic in the neonatal period (apart from a paradoxical midline thoracic bulging) but that can lead to dyspnea, cough, frequent respiratory infections and increased risk of trauma-related injury to the heart, lungs and major vessels if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019131 biolink:NamedThing ossification anomalies-psychomotor developmental delay syndrome Ossification anomalies-psychomotor developmental delay syndrome is characterised by hypomineralisation of the cranial bones, thoracic dystrophy, hypotonia, and abnormal and slender long bones due to an alteration in remodelling during ossification. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008269 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of a biphalangeal thumb Polydactyly of a biphalangeal thumb or PPD1 is the most common form of preaxial polydactyly of fingers, a limb malformation syndrome, that is characterized by the duplication of one or more skeletal components of a biphalangeal thumb. Hands are preferentially affected (in bilateral), and the right hand is more commonly involved than the left. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008271 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of an index finger Polydactyly of an index finger or PPD3 is a form of preaxial polydactyly of fingers, a limb malformation syndrome, where the thumb is replaced by one or two triphalangeal digits with dermatoglyphic pattern specific of the index finger. Two forms of PPD3 have been characterized: unilateral and bilateral. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1962. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008513 biolink:NamedThing synpolydactyly type 1 Any non-syndromic synpolydactyly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HOXD13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009571 biolink:NamedThing Meckel syndrome, type 1 Any Meckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MKS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011296 biolink:NamedThing Meckel syndrome, type 2 Any Meckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM216 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011821 biolink:NamedThing Meckel syndrome, type 3 Any Meckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM67 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011984 biolink:NamedThing synpolydactyly type 2 Any non-syndromic synpolydactyly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FBLN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012626 biolink:NamedThing Meckel syndrome, type 4 Any Meckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEP290 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012695 biolink:NamedThing Meckel syndrome, type 5 Any Meckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPGRIP1L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012848 biolink:NamedThing Meckel syndrome, type 6 Any Meckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CC2D2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054581 biolink:NamedThing Townes-Brocks syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800291 biolink:NamedThing crossed polydactyly, type I DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007060 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 6 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPATA16 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007161 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009461 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 5 Male infertility due to large-headed multiflagellar polypoid spermatozoa is a male infertility due to sperm disorder characterized by the presence, in sperm, of a very high percentage of spermatozoa with enlarged head, irregular head shape, multiple flagella, and abnormal midpiece and acrosome. It is generally associated with severe oligoasthenozoospermia and a high rate of sperm chromosomal abnormalities (polyploidy, aneuploidy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009776 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010052 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 4 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYCP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010595 biolink:NamedThing Sertoli cell-only syndrome Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCO syndrome) is a cause of male infertility. In SCO syndrome, only Sertoli cells (cells that nurture the immature sperm) line the seminiferous tubules (tubes inside the testicles where sperm develop). Therefore, there are not any sperm cells present in the seminiferous tubules. Men typically learn they are affected between ages 20-40 years when being evaluated for infertility and are found to have no sperm production (azoospermia). Other signs and symptoms are rare, but in some cases there could be an underlying cause of SCO syndrome that causes other symptoms, such as Klinefelter syndrome. Most cases of SCO syndrome are idiopathic (of unknown cause), but causes may include deletions of genetic information on regions of the Y-chromosome, especially on the azoospermia factor (AZF) region of Y-chromosome. Other causes include exposure to chemicals or toxins, history of radiation therapy, and history of severe trauma. Diagnosis of SCO syndrome is confirmed with testicular biopsy. Although there is currently no effective treatment, assisted reproductive technology may assist some men with SCO syndrome in being able to have children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010647 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 2 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TEX11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010767 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure, Y-linked, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011720 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 3 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC26A8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013070 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013504 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 8 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NR5A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013505 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 9 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DPY19L2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013901 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 10 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEPT12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014037 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 11 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KLHL10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014172 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 12 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NANOS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014365 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 13 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TAF4B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014366 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 14 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZMYND15 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014847 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 15 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYCE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014961 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 16 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SUN5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014970 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 17 Any azoospermia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLCZ1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020851 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 30 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020852 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 31 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020855 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 32 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023664 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 54 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024773 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025354 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029147 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 33 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029148 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 34 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030307 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 55 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030430 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 56 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030439 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 57 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030463 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 58 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030492 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 59 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030493 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 60 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030507 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 61 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030508 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 62 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030515 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 63 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030522 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 64 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030531 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 65 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030716 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 66 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030718 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 67 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030721 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 68 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030732 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 69 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030733 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 70 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030787 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 71 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030809 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 72 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030818 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 73 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030844 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 47 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030846 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 48 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030868 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 49 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030869 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failures 50 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030926 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 51 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030938 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 52 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030972 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 74 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030984 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 75 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030989 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 53 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031077 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 76 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031083 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 77 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032686 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 35 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032739 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 36 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032744 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 37 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032748 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 38 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032845 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 39 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032859 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 40 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032863 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 41 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032896 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 42 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032898 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 43 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033622 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 44 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033671 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 45 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033673 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 46 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054615 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054723 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054724 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054725 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054726 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054727 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 23 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054728 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 24 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054729 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 25 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054730 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 26 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054731 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 27 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054732 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 28 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054733 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure 29 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015746 biolink:NamedThing male infertility due to globozoospermia Male infertility due to globozoospermia is a male infertility due to sperm disorder characterized by the presence, in sperm, of a large majority of round-headed spermatozoa that lack the acrosome and have an aberrant nuclear membrane and midpiece defects. The acrosomeless spermatozoa is not able to penetrate the zona pellucida and thus fertilization failures, even with intracytoplasmic spem injection, are frequent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007062 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence/hypoplasia of fingers excluding thumb, unilateral Unilateral adactylia is a terminal transverse defect of the hand characterized by the absence of the terminal portions of digits 2 to 5 with a hypoplastic thumb (adactylia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017448 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence/hypoplasia of fingers excluding thumb DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017508 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence/hypoplasia of fingers excluding thumb, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007064 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-negative, due to adenosine deaminase deficiency A form of SCID characterized by profound lymphopenia and very low immunoglobulin levels of all isotypes resulting in severe and recurrent opportunistic infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008704 biolink:NamedThing short-limb skeletal dysplasia with severe combined immunodeficiency Short-limb skeletal dysplasia with severe combined immunodeficiency is an extremely rare type of SCID characterized by the classical signs of T-B- SCID (severe and recurrent infections, diarrhea, failure to thrive, absence of T and B lymphocytes), associated with skeletal anomalies like short stature, bowing of the long bones and metaphyseal abnormalities of variable degree of severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009973 biolink:NamedThing reticular dysgenesis Reticular dysgenesis is the most severe form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and is characterized by bilateral sensorineural deafness and a lack of innate and adaptive immune functions leading to fatal septicemia within days after birth if not treated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011086 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-positive A rare, genetic T-B- severe combined immunodeficiency disorder due to null mutations in recombination activating gene (RAG) 1 and/or RAG2 resulting in less than 1% of wild type V(D)J recombination activity. Patients present with neonatal onset of life-threatening, severe, recurrent infections by opportunistic fungal, viral and bacterial micro-organisms, as well as skin rashes, chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive and fever. Immunologic observations include profound T- and B-cell lymphopenia, normal NK counts and low or absent serum immunoglobulins; some patients may have eosinophilia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011338 biolink:NamedThing Omenn syndrome An inflammatory condition characterized by erythroderma, desquamation, alopecia, chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly, associated with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011988 biolink:NamedThing neutrophil immunodeficiency syndrome A primary immunodeficiency characterized by neutrophilia with severe neutrophil dysfunction, leukocytosis, a predisposition to bacterial infections and poor wound healing, including an absence of pus in infected areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012359 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to partial RAG1 deficiency A form of combined T and B cell immunodeficiency (CID) characterized by severe and persistent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and autoimmune cytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012650 biolink:NamedThing Cernunnos-XLF deficiency Cernunnos-XLF deficiency is a rare form of combined immunodeficiency characterized by microcephaly, growth retardation, and T and B cell lymphopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014334 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to LCK deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014423 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to DNA-PKcs deficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to DNA-PKcs deficiency is an extremely rare type of SCID characterized by the classical signs of SCID (severe and recurrent infections, diarrhea, failure to thrive), absence of T and B lymphocytes, and cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033554 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 73b with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and lymphopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033555 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 73c with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and hypogammaglobulinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019236 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of purine metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of purine nucleobase metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008073 biolink:NamedThing familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 1 A rare kidney disorder characterized by hyperuricemia, progressive nephropathy, and gout occurring at an early age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009636 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 3 Any mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DGUOK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010699 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked recessive 5 X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 5 is a rare, genetic, peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy characterized by an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern and the infancy- to childhood-onset of: 1) progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy (first appearing and more prominent in the lower extremities than the upper) which usually manifests with foot drop and gait disturbance, 2) bilateral, profound, prelingual sensorineural hearing loss and 3) progressive optic neuropathy. Females are asymptomatic and do not display the phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013171 biolink:NamedThing purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency is a disorder of purine metabolism characterized by progressive immunodeficiency leading to recurrent and opportunistic infections, autoimmunity and malignancy as well as neurologic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008855 biolink:NamedThing MHC class II deficiency Immunodeficiency by defective expression of HLA class 2 is a rare primary genetic immunodeficiency disorder characterized by partial or complete absence of human leukocyte antigen class 2 expression resulting in severe defect in both cellular and humoral immune response to antigens. The disorder presents clinically as marked susceptibility to infections, severe malabsorption and failure to thrive and is often fatal in early childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010315 biolink:NamedThing T-B+ severe combined immunodeficiency due to gamma chain deficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to gamma chain deficiency, also called SCID-X1, is a form of SCID characterized by severe and recurrent infections, associated with diarrhea and failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010938 biolink:NamedThing T-B+ severe combined immunodeficiency due to JAK3 deficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) T-B+ due to JAK3 deficiency is a form of SCID characterized by severe and recurrent infections, associated with diarrhea and failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012163 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 104 A severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by being T cell-negative, B cell-positive and natural killer cell-positive and that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the IL7R gene on chromosome 5p13 or the CD45 gene on chromosome 1q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014278 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 18 Immunodeficiency-18 is an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency characterized by onset in infancy or early childhood of recurrent infections. Immunologic work-up of the IMD18 SCID patients shows a T cell-negative, B cell-positive, natural killer (NK) cell-positive phenotype, whereas T-cell development is not impaired in the mild form of IMD18. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014280 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 19 Any severe combined immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD3D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014981 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 49 Any primary immunodeficiency disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BCL11B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800104 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 105 Any immunodeficiency disease which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTPRC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007067 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate kinase hyperactivity Autosomal dominant phenotype characterized by increase of red blood cell ATP. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007071 biolink:NamedThing adrenocortical hypofunction, chronic primary congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015129 biolink:NamedThing chronic primary adrenal insufficiency A chronic disorder of the adrenal cortex resulting in the inadequate production of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid hormones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008731 biolink:NamedThing familial adrenal hypoplasia with absent pituitary luteinizing hormone DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015130 biolink:NamedThing acquired chronic primary adrenal insufficiency An instance of chronic primary adrenal insufficiency that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017337 biolink:NamedThing inherited isolated adrenal insufficiency due to partial CYP11A1 deficiency Inherited isolated adrenal insufficiency due to partial CYP11A1 deficiency is a rare, genetic, chronic, primary adrenal insufficiency disorder, due to partial loss-of-function CYP11A1 mutations, characterized by early-onset adrenal insufficiency without associated abnormal external male genitalia. Patients present with signs of adrenal crisis, including electrolite abnormalities, severe weakness, recurrent vomiting and seizures. Ultrasound reveals absent (or very small) adrenal glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100480 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency Diminished production of adrenocortical hormones due to autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020197 biolink:NamedThing EEC syndrome and related syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015399 biolink:NamedThing glossopalatine ankylosis Glossopalatine ankylosis is a disorder belonging to the group of oromandibular-limb hypogenesis syndromes (OLHS) and is characterised by the presence of an intraoral band of variable thickness attaching the tongue to the hard palate or maxillary alveolar ridge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007342 biolink:NamedThing clubfoot The most common congenital deformation of the foot, occurring in 1 of 1,000 live births. The most common form is talipes equinovarus, where the deformed foot is turned downward and inward sharply. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007387 biolink:NamedThing Cornelia de Lange syndrome 1 Any Cornelia de Lange syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NIPBL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008217 biolink:NamedThing pelvis-shoulder dysplasia Pelvis-shoulder dysplasia is a rare focal skeletal dysostosis characterized by symmetrical hypoplasia of the scapulae and the iliac wings of the pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008572 biolink:NamedThing tibia, hypoplasia or aplasia of, with polydactyly Tibial hemimelia-polysyndactyly-triphalangeal thumb syndrome is a rare, genetic dysostosis syndrome, with marked inter- and intra-familial variation, typically characterized by triphalangeal thumbs, hand and/or foot polysyndactyly and/or absent/hypoplastic tibiae (associated with duplication of fibulae in some cases), although isolated triphalangeal thumbs have also been reported. It is often accompanied with remarkable short stature and additional features may include radio-ulnar synostosis and hand oligodactyly, as well as abnormal carpal and metatarsal bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009215 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group A Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCA gene. FANCA gene mutations are the most common cause of Fanconi anemia. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009221 biolink:NamedThing femur-fibula-ulna complex Femur-fibula-ulna (FFU) complex is a non-lethal congenital anomaly of unknown etiology, more frequently reported in males than females, characterized by a highly variable combination of defects of the femur, fibula, and/or ulna, with striking asymmetry, including absence of the proximal part of the femur, absence of the fibula and malformation of the ulnar side of the upper limb. Axial skeleton, internal organs and intellectual function are usually normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009222 biolink:NamedThing Gollop-Wolfgang complex Gollop-Wolfgang complex is a very rare malformation characterized by ectrodactyly of the hand and ipsilateral bifurcation of the femur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009526 biolink:NamedThing fibular aplasia, tibial campomelia, and oligosyndactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009845 biolink:NamedThing pelviscapular dysplasia Pelviscapular dysplasia (Cousin syndrome) is characterized by the association of pelviscapular dysplasia with epiphyseal abnormalities, congenital dwarfism and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010164 biolink:NamedThing phocomelia, Schinzel type Schinzel phocomelia syndrome, also called limb/pelvis hypoplasia/aplasia syndrome, is characterized by skeletal malformations affecting the ulnae, pelvic bones, fibulae and femora. As the phenotype is similar to that described in the malformation syndrome known as Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild syndrome, they are thought to be the same disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010370 biolink:NamedThing Cornelia de Lange syndrome 2 An X-linked inherited form of Cornelia De Lange syndrome caused by mutations in the SMC1A gene mapped to chromosome Xp11.22. Patients have a milder form of the syndrome compared to patients with the NIPBL gene mutation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010471 biolink:NamedThing Cornelia de Lange syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012555 biolink:NamedThing Cornelia de Lange syndrome 3 Any Cornelia de Lange syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012944 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17P13.3, telomeric, duplication syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013635 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Oliver syndrome 2 Any Adams-Oliver syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DOCK6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013864 biolink:NamedThing Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 Any Cornelia de Lange syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAD21 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013895 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Oliver syndrome 3 Any Adams-Oliver syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RBPJ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014124 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Oliver syndrome 4 Any Adams-Oliver syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EOGT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014459 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Oliver syndrome 5 Any Adams-Oliver syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NOTCH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014703 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Oliver syndrome 6 Any Adams-Oliver syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DLL4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016032 biolink:NamedThing femoral agenesis/hypoplasia Congenital short femur is a rare malformation of variable severity ranging from mild hypoplasia to complete absence of the femur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016240 biolink:NamedThing hemimelia Hemimelia is a limb malformation characterized by the absence or gross shortening of the lower portion of one or more of the limbs. The condition is designated according to which bone of the distal arm or leg is absent or defective and includes fibular, radial, tibial, or ulnar hemimelia. Hemimelia ranges in severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017419 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic amelia A congenital malformation characterized by the complete absence of all limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017420 biolink:NamedThing intercalary limb defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017421 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic terminal limb defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017440 biolink:NamedThing humeral agenesis/hypoplasia Humeral agenesis/hypoplasia is a rare, non-syndromic limb reduction defect characterized by the unilateral or bilateral presence of a short arm with completely absent or underdeveloped humerus, frequently associated with ulnar and/or radial malformations. Patients may present with the appearance of the forearm directly attached to the shoulder, no articulation at the shoulder joint, impossible passive extension of the arm beyond the mid-axillary line, no elbow joints, bowing of the radius, a short ulna and/or ulnar/radial deviation of the hand at the wrist. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024506 biolink:NamedThing Adams-Oliver syndrome 1 Any Adams-Oliver syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARHGAP31 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060732 biolink:NamedThing tetraamelia syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060764 biolink:NamedThing tetraamelia syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007075 biolink:NamedThing alacrima, congenital, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019627 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital alacrima Congenital alacrima is characterised by deficient lacrimation (ranging from a complete absence of tears to hyposecretion of tears) that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011105 biolink:NamedThing alacrima, congenital, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008245 biolink:NamedThing piebald trait-neurologic defects syndrome Piebald trait-neurologic defects syndrome is a rare, genetic, pigmentation anomaly of the skin syndrome characterized by ventral as well as dorsal leukoderma of the trunk and a congenital white forelock, in association with cerebellar ataxia, impaired motor coordination, intellectual disability of variable severity and progressive, mild to profound, uni- or bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1971. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011133 biolink:NamedThing deaf blind hypopigmentation syndrome, Yemenite type Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome is an exceedingly rare genetic disorder characterized by cutaneous pigmentation anomalies, ocular disorders and hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035124 biolink:NamedThing linear hypopigmentation and craniofacial asymmetry with acral, ocular and brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008008 biolink:NamedThing MOMO syndrome MOMO syndrome is a very rare genetic overgrowth/obesity syndrome characterized by macrocephaly, obesity, mental (intellectual) disability and ocular abnormalities. Other frequent clinical signs include macrosomia, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, broad nasal root, high and broad forehead and delay in bone maturation, in association with normal thyroid function and karyotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013267 biolink:NamedThing distal 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome Distal 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 16 with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by developmental delay, mild intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Macrocephaly (apparent by 2 years of age), structural brain malformations, epilepsy, vertebral anomalies and obesity are frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014541 biolink:NamedThing motor developmental delay due to 14q32.2 paternally expressed gene defect A cause of obesity that results from inheritance of two copies of chromosome 14 from the mother, and no copy of chromosome 14 from the father. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015007 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia, intellectual disability, nystagmus, and obesity; DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016346 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus-obesity-hypogonadism syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of congenital hydrocephalus, centripetal obesity, hypogonadism, intellectual deficit and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017408 biolink:NamedThing rapid-onset childhood obesity-hypothalamic dysfunction-hypoventilation-autonomic dysregulation syndrome A very rare disorder that appears after the first year and a half of life in previously healthy children. It is characterized by rapid-onset weight gain, hypothalamic dysfunction, breathing abnormalities, and autonomic system dysregulation. The hypothalamic dysfunction manifestations include inability to maintain normal water balance, high prolactin levels, low thyroid, low cortisol, and early or late puberty. The breathing abnormalities include sleep apnea and alveolar hypoventilation, requiring ventilation support. The autonomic system dysregulation includes eye abnormalities, intestinal abnormalities, temperature dysregulation, and low heart rhythm. This disorder requires early recognition because it may lead to cardiorespiratory arrest. Up to 40% of the patients develop tumors of neural crest origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018067 biolink:NamedThing triploidy Triploidy is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra set of chromosomes present in each cell. Most pregnancies affected by triploidy are lost through early miscarriage. However, reports exist of some affected babies living up to five months. Those that survive are often mosaic. The signs and symptoms associated with triploidy vary but may include a variety of birth defects and an unusually small size. This condition does not run in families and is not associated with maternal or paternal age. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018123 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-obesity-brain malformations-facial dysmorphism syndrome Intellectual disability-obesity-brain malformations-facial dysmorphism syndrome is a rare, syndromic intellectual disability primarily characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, true-to-relative microcephaly and brain abnormalities including a thin corpus callosum, cerebellar hypoplasia, cerebral white matter hypoplasia and multi-focal hyperintensity of cerebral white matter on MRI. Obesity and distinctive craniofacial dysmorphism (including brachycephaly, round face, straight eyebrows, synophrys, hypertelorism, epicanthus, wide and depressed nasal bridge, protruding ears with uplifted lobe, downslanting corners of the mouth) are additional features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008749 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoparathyroidism type 2 Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 2 (PHP2) is a type of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) characterized by resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH), which manifests with hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH levels, absence of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), and normal expression of the Gs protein with a normal urinary cAMP response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011301 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B (PHP-1b) is a type of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) characterized by localized resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) mainly in the renal tissues which manifests with hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH levels. About 60-70% of patients also present with elevated TSH levels due to TSH resistance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800094 biolink:NamedThing dysostosis with brachydactyly with extraskeletal manifestations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008115 biolink:NamedThing Feingold syndrome type 1 Feingold syndrome type 1 (FS1) is a rare inherited malformation syndrome characterized by microcephaly, short stature and numerous digital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008393 biolink:NamedThing Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome due to CREBBP mutations Any Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CREBBP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009398 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 1 Any hyperphosphatasia-intellectual disability syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIGV gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013364 biolink:NamedThing Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome due to EP300 haploinsufficiency Any Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EP300 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014838 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 5 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMARCE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013359 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperaldosteronism type III Familial hyperaldosteronism type III (FH-III) is a rare heritable form of primary aldosteronism (PA) that is characterized by early-onset severe hypertension, non glucocorticoid-remediable hyperaldosteronism, overproduction of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol, and profound hypokalemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014200 biolink:NamedThing aldosterone-producing adenoma with seizures and neurological abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014875 biolink:NamedThing hyperaldosteronism, familial, type IV DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007084 biolink:NamedThing familial focal alopecia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007184 biolink:NamedThing alopecia, androgenetic, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008757 biolink:NamedThing alopecia universalis congenita The most severe form of alopecia areata, an inflammatory disease of the hair follicle, which is characterized by a complete loss of hair of the scalp and all the hair-bearing areas of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010229 biolink:NamedThing alopecia, congenital A congenital condition characterized by the absence of hair on the scalp or entire body. The lack of hair is rarely absolute and is usually accompanied by incompletely grown, lanugo-like hair. It affects males twice as much as females and a familial tendency is common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010410 biolink:NamedThing alopecia, androgenetic, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012551 biolink:NamedThing alopecia areata 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012899 biolink:NamedThing alopecia, androgenetic, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007083 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant palmoplantar keratoderma and congenital alopecia Autosomal dominant palmoplantar keratoderma with congenital alopecia (PPK-CA) is a rare genetic skin disorder characterized by absence of scalp and body hair and palmoplantar keratoderma, without other hand complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017666 biolink:NamedThing diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma Palmoplantar keratoderma that diffusely involves most of the palm and sole and is caused by a genetic abnormality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007510 biolink:NamedThing Clouston syndrome Clouston syndrome (or hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia) is characterised by the clinical triad of nail dystrophy, alopecia, and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007852 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma-deafness syndrome Palmoplantar keratoderma-deafness syndrome is a keratinization disorder characterized by focal or diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma. A patchy distribution is observed with accentuation on the thenars, hypothenars and the arches of the feet. The disease becomes apparent in infancy and is associated with sensorineural hearing loss that shows a variable age of onset. Due to genetic and clinical similarities, it has been proposed that palmoplantar keratoderma-deafness syndrome, knuckle pads-leukonychia-sensorineural deafness-palmoplantar hyperkeratosis syndrome and keratoderma hereditarium mutilans may represent variants of one broad disorder of syndromic deafness with heterogeneous phenotype. The disease is transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner with incomplete penetrance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007853 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma-hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007857 biolink:NamedThing keratosis palmaris et plantaris-clinodactyly syndrome Keratosis palmaris et plantaris-clinodactyly syndrome is characterised by the association of palmoplantar keratosis with clinodactyly of the fifth finger. Less than 20 cases have been described in the literature so far, and the majority of reported patients were of Mexican origin. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007866 biolink:NamedThing Bart-Pumphrey syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008416 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma-sclerodactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011883 biolink:NamedThing Curly hair - acral keratoderma - caries syndrome Curly hair-acral keratoderma-caries syndrome is an extremely rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by premature loss of curly, brittle, dry hair, premature loss of teeth due to caries, nail dystrophy with thickening of the finger- and toe-nails, acral keratoderma and hypohidrosis. Additionally, sparse eyebrows and eyelashes, receding frontal hairline and flattened malar region are associated. The severity of features appears to increase with age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014089 biolink:NamedThing corneal intraepithelial dyskeratosis-palmoplantar hyperkeratosis-laryngeal dyskeratosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017667 biolink:NamedThing isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma A diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017670 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant diffuse mutilating palmoplantar keratoderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019489 biolink:NamedThing diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma - acrocyanosis syndrome Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma-acrocyanosis syndrome is characterised by the association of diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma and acrocyanosis. It has been described in eight members of one family and in two sporadic cases. The mode of inheritance in the familial cases was autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100113 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss with skin disease Nonsyndromic deafness, keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, and palmoplantar keratoderma with deafness have all been associated with autosomal dominant variants in GJB2. Reported cases share hearing loss as a feature, therefore it is likely that these phenotypes exist along a spectrum of the same disease, differing in severity of skin phenotypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007095 biolink:NamedThing ameloonychohypohidrotic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007131 biolink:NamedThing anonychia with flexural pigmentation Anonychia with flexural pigmentation is characterised by anonychia and skin abnormalities (hyper- and hypopigmentation in axillae and groins, dry palmar and plantar skin leading to sore and cracked soles). It has been described in a mother and her two children. The mode of transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007207 biolink:NamedThing Böök syndrome Book syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia syndrome reported in a Swedish family (25 cases from 4 generations), and one isolated case, and is characterized by premolar aplasia, hyperhidrosis, and premature graying of the hair. Additional features reported in the isolated case include a narrow palate, hypoplastic nails, eyebrow anomalies, a unilateral simian crease, and poorly formed dermatoglyphics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007383 biolink:NamedThing Stern-Lubinsky-Durrie syndrome Stern-Lubinsky-Durrie syndrome is characterised by corneal epithelial changes (associated with photophobia and burning and watering of the eyes), diffuse palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, distal onycholysis, brachydactyly, short stature, dental problems, and premature birth. It has been described in seven individuals from three generations of one family. It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007449 biolink:NamedThing dermo-odonto dysplasia Dermo-odonto dysplasia belongs to the group of tricho-odonto-onychial dysplasias. It is characterised by signs of variable severity: dry and thin skin, dental anomalies, nail alteration and trichodysplasia. Fourteen cases have been described so far. Autosomal dominant transmission is likely. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007511 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia, trichoodontoonychial type Ectodermal dysplasia, trichoodontoonychial type is a form of ectodermal dysplasia with hair, teeth and nail involvement characterized predominantly by hypodontia, hypotrichosis, delayed hair growth and brittle nails. Additionally, focal dermal hypoplasia, irregular hyperpigmentation, hypoplastic or absent nipples, amastia, hearing impairment, congenital hip dislocation and asthma have been associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1996. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008582 biolink:NamedThing tooth and nail syndrome Hypodontia-nail dysplasia syndrome is a form of ectodermal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008592 biolink:NamedThing tricho-dento-osseous syndrome Tricho-dento-osseous dysplasia (TDO) belongs to the ectodermal dysplasias and is characterised by curly/kinky hair at birth, enamel hypoplasia with discolouration and molar taurodontism, increased overall bone mineral density (BMD) and increased thickness of the cortical bones of the skull. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008622 biolink:NamedThing tricho-retino-dento-digital syndrome Tricho-retino-dento-digital syndrome is an autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, characterized by uncombable hair syndrome, congenital hypotrichosis and dental abnormalities such as oligodontia or hyperdontia, and associated with early-onset cataract, retinal pigmentary dystrophy, and brachydactyly with brachymetacarpia. Furthermore, hyperactivity and a mild intellectual deficit have been reported in affected patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008754 biolink:NamedThing alopecia - contractures - dwarfism - intellectual disability syndrome Alopecia-contractures-dwarfism-intellectual disability syndrome (ACD syndrome) is a form of ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by a short stature of prenatal onset, alopecia, ichthyosis, photophobia, ectrodactyly, seizures, scoliosis, multiple contractures, fusions of various bones (particularly elbows, carpals, metacarpals, and spine), intellectual disability, and facial dysmorphism (microdolichocephaly, madarosis, large ears and long nose). ACD syndrome overlaps with ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008812 biolink:NamedThing AREDYLD syndrome AREDYLD stands for acral-renal-ectodermal-dysplasia-lipoatrophic-diabetes. This syndrome has been described in three individuals, one of whom was born to consanguineous parents. All patients had lipoatrophy, diabetes mellitus, generalized hypotrichosis, ectodermal dysplasia, renal alterations, dental abnormalities and other manifestations. It is probably transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008884 biolink:NamedThing oculoosteocutaneous syndrome A syndrome is characterised by congenital anodontia, a small maxilla, short stature with shortened metacarpals and metatarsals, sparse hair, albinoidism and multiple ocular anomalies. It has been described in three siblings (one brother and two sisters). Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008934 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome Cereballar ataxia - ectodermal dysplasia is a very rare disease, characterized by hypodontia and sparse hair in combination with cerebellar ataxia and normal intelligence. Imaging demonstrates a cerebellar atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009032 biolink:NamedThing cranioectodermal dysplasia Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by congenital skeletal and ectodermal defects associated with dysmorphic features, nephronophthisis, hepatic fibrosis and ocular anomalies (mainly retinitis pigmentosa). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009084 biolink:NamedThing conductive deafness-ptosis-skeletal anomalies syndrome Conductive deafness-ptosis-skeletal anomalies syndrome is a rare, genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by conductive hearing loss due to atresia of the external auditory canal and the middle ear complicated by chronic infection, ptosis and skeletal anomalies (internal rotation of hips, dislocation of the radial heads and fifth finger clinodactyly). In addition, a thin, pinched nose, delayed hair growth and dysplastic teeth are associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1978. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009095 biolink:NamedThing dermatoosteolysis, Kirghizian type Dermatoosteolysis, Kirghizian type, is characterised by recurrent skin ulceration, arthralgia, fever, peri-articular osteolysis, oligodontia and nail dystrophy. This disease has been described in five sibs in a family of Kirghizian origin (Central Asia). Three of the sibs also presented with keratitis leading to visual impairment or blindess. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009146 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia-sensorineural deafness syndrome Ectodermal dysplasia-sensorineural deafness syndrome is characterised by hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, sensorineural hearing loss, and contracture of the fifth fingers. It has been described in brother and sister born to consanguineous parents. The girl also presented with thoracic scoliosis. The mode of inheritance is likely to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009149 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia-intellectual disability-central nervous system malformation syndrome Ectodermal dysplasia-intellectual disability-central nervous system malformation syndrome is a rare, multiple developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by the triad of ectodermal dysplasia (mostly hypohidrotic with dry skin and reduced sweating and sparse, fair scalp hair, eyebrows and eyelashes), severe intellectual disability and variable central nervous system anomalies (cerebellar hypoplasia, dilatation of ventricles, corpus callosum agenesis, Dandy-Walker malformation). Distinct craniofacial dysmorphism with macrocephaly, frontal bossing, midfacial hypoplasia and high arched or cleft palate, as well as cryptorchidism, feeding difficulties and hypotonia, are associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1998. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009150 biolink:NamedThing hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia-hypothyroidism-ciliary dyskinesia syndrome Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia-hypothyroidism-ciliary dyskinesia syndrome is characterised by alopecia, nail dystrophy, ophthalmic complications, thyroid dysfunction (primary hypothyroidism), hypohidrosis, ephelides, enteropathy, and respiratory tract infections due to ciliary dyskinesia, leading to suggestion of the acronym ANother syndrome as alternative name for this condition. It has been described in three patients (two brothers and an unrelated girl). Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009185 biolink:NamedThing amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome Kohlschütter-TC6nz syndrome (KTS) is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by the triad of amelogenesis imperfect, infantile onset epilepsy, intellectual disability with or without regression and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009522 biolink:NamedThing Leukomelanoderma-infantilism-intellectual disability-hypodontia-hypotrichosis syndrome Leukomelanoderma-infantilism-intellectual disability-hypodontia-hypotrichosis syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by congenital generalized melanoleukoderma, hypodontia and hypotrichosis associated with infantilism, intellectual disability and growth delay. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1961. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009771 biolink:NamedThing oculotrichodysplasia Oculotrichodysplasia is characterised by retinitis pigmentosa, trichodysplasia, dental anomalies, and onychodysplasia. It has been described in two siblings (brother and sister) born to first cousin parents. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009873 biolink:NamedThing pilodental dysplasia-refractive errors syndrome Pilodental dysplasia-refractive errors syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by dysplastic abnormalities of the hair and teeth (including hypodontia, abnormally shaped teeth, scalp hypotrichosis and pili annulati), follicular hyperkeratosis on the trunk and limbs, and hyperopia. Intensified delineation, reticular hyperpigmentation of the nape and astigmatism have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009901 biolink:NamedThing Bartsocas-Papas syndrome Bartsocas-Papas syndrome is a rare, inherited, popliteal pterygium syndrome characterized by severe popliteal webbing, microcephaly, a typical face with short palpebral fissures, ankyloblepharon, hypoplastic nose, filiform bands between the jaws and facial clefts, oligosyndactyly, genital abnormalities, and additional ectodermal anomalies (i.e. absent hair, eyebrows, lashes, nails). It is often fatal in the neonatal period, but patients living until childhood have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010102 biolink:NamedThing taurodontia-absent teeth-sparse hair syndrome This syndrome is characterised by congenital absence of the teeth, and sparse or absent hair. Taurodontia is also present in the majority of cases. The syndrome has been described in less than 15 patients from different families. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010152 biolink:NamedThing trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome Trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome, also known as Oliver-McFarlane syndrome, is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by hair abnormalities, severe chorioretinal atrophy, hypopituitarism, short stature, and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010153 biolink:NamedThing trichoodontoonychial dysplasia Trichoodontoonychial dysplasia is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by severe generalized hypotrichosis, parietal alopecia, secondary anodontia resulting from enamel hypoplasia, onychodystrophy, bone deficiency in the frontoparietal region and skin manifestations (incl. nevus pigmentosus, papules, ephelides, palmoplantar keratosis, supernumerary nipples, abnormal dermatoglyphics). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010295 biolink:NamedThing anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia-immunodeficiency-osteopetrosis-lymphedema syndrome This syndrome is characterized by severe immunodeficiency, osteopetrosis, lymphedema and anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010854 biolink:NamedThing Toriello-Lacassie-Droste syndrome Oculo-ectodermal syndrome (OES) is characterized by the association of epibulbar dermoids and aplasia cutis congenital. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011034 biolink:NamedThing odontomicronychial dysplasia Odontomicronychial dysplasia is a rare, hereditary ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by involvement of teeth and nails - precocious eruption and shedding of deciduous dentition, precocious eruption of secondary dentition with short, rhomboid roots, and short, thin, slow growing nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011041 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia with natal teeth, Turnpenny type Ectodermal dysplasia with natal teeth, Turnpenny type is characterised by hypo- or oligodontia and acanthosis nigricans. It has been described in four generations of one family. Onset generally occurs during adolescence. Some patients were born with multiple teeth. Hair anomalies (sparse body and scalp hair) were also reported. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011063 biolink:NamedThing hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Christianson-Fourie type Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Christianson-Fourie type is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by tricho- and onychodysplasia in association with cardiac rhythm abnormalities. Patients present with sparse scalp hair and eyelashes, absent or sparse eyebrows, dystrophic thickened nails (on fingers distal end may be lifted from the nail bed) and supraventricular tachicardia or sinus bradicardia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011083 biolink:NamedThing trichodental syndrome Trichodental syndrome is characterised by the association of fine, dry and short hair with dental anomalies. It has been described in less than 10 families. The mode of transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011131 biolink:NamedThing tricho-oculo-dermo-vertebral syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011171 biolink:NamedThing odonto-tricho-ungual-digito-palmar syndrome Odonto-tricho-ungual-digito-palmar syndrome is characterised by neonatal teeth, trichodystrophy and malformations of the hands and feet. To date, it has been reported in 21 patients and is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011219 biolink:NamedThing Fried's tooth and nail syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011472 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex due to plakophilin deficiency Epidermolysis bullosa simplex due to plakophilin deficiency (EBS-PD) is a suprabasal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by generalized superficial erosions and less commonly blistering. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011581 biolink:NamedThing arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with woolly hair and keratoderma A cardioectodermal syndrome that is often associated with the gene DSP, encoding desmoplakin. Desmoplakin is a member of the plakin family of cell adhesion molecules that are responsible for the formation and maintenance of desmosomes. Variation in DSP is associated with cardiomyopathic manifestations that include: (1) seemingly isolated arrhythmogenic right ventricle cardiomyopathy (ARVC) that is atypical and can show left ventricle dominance, or be present in the left and right ventricle simultaneously; and (2) dilated cardiomyopathy. Cutaneous phenotypes including woolly hair and/or keratoderma can present along with the cardiomyopathy, but are noted as less penetrant features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011884 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis-osteolysis-periodontitis-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome Hypotrichosis-osteolysis-periodontitis-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome is an extremely rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by hypotrichosis universalis with mild to severe scarring alopecia, acro-osteolysis, onychogryphosis, thin and tapered fingertips, periodontitis and caries leading to premature teeth loss, linear or reticular palmoplantar keratoderma and erythematous, scaling, psoriasis-like skin lesions on arms and legs. Lingua plicata and ventricular tachycardia have also been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012008 biolink:NamedThing Lelis syndrome Lelis syndrome is characterised by the association of ectodermal dysplasia (hypotrichosis and hypohidrosis) with acanthosis nigricans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013311 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome Ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome is a rare, genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by sparse to absent scalp hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes (with pili torti when present), widely spaced, conical-shaped teeth with peg-shaped, conical crowns and enamel hypoplasia and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, associated with partial cutaneous syndactyly in hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013973 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 5, hair/nail type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015024 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 12, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth/nail type Any ectodermal dysplasia syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KDF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015428 biolink:NamedThing choroidal atrophy-alopecia syndrome Choroidal atrophy - alopecia is a very rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, characterized by the association of choroidal atrophy (sometimes regional), together with other ectodermal dysplasia features including fine and sparse hair, absent or decreased lashes and eyebrows, and possibly mild visual loss and dysplastic/thick/grooved nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015883 biolink:NamedThing hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Halal type Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Halal type is a form of ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by trichodysplasia, with absent eyebrows and eyelashes, onychodysplasia, mild retrognathia, abnormal dermatoglyphics (excess of whorls on fingertips, radial loop on finger, hypothenar pattern), intellectual disability and normal teeth and sweating. Additional variable manifestations include high implanted or prominent ears, mild hearing loss, supernumerary nipple, cafC)-au-lait spots, keratosis pilaris, and irregular menses. To date, four individuals from 2 generations of a consanguineous family of Portuguese descent have been described in the literature. Males and females were equally affected. Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Halal type is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017134 biolink:NamedThing odonto-onycho dysplasia-alopecia syndrome Odonto-onycho dysplasia-alopecia syndrome is a rare, genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by almost total alopecia with only sparse, thin, brittle, slow-growing scalp hair, fair and sparse eyebrows and eyelashes, absent axillary and pubic hair, fragile and brittle fingernails, thick and brittle toenails (both with a subungual corneal layer), hypodontia, microdontia, widely spaced teeth with hypoplastic enamel, mild palmoplantar keratosis, cafe-au-lait spots and areolae anomalies. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1985. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017321 biolink:NamedThing pili torti-onychodysplasia syndrome Pili torti-onychodysplasia is a form of ectodermal dysplasia characterised by dystrophy of the distal part of the nails and trichodysplasia. It has been described in only one family. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017922 biolink:NamedThing deafness-onychodystrophy syndrome Deafness-onychodystrophy syndrome is a group of rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis disorders characterized by the association of sensorineural deafness and onychodystrophy (e.g. absent/hypoplastic finger and toenails), as well as brachydactyly and finger-like thumbs. Additional features present in one of the diseases comprising this group include osteodystrophy, intellectual disability, seizures, developmental delay, and distinctive facies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018061 biolink:NamedThing trichodermodysplasia-dental alterations syndrome Trichodermodysplasia-dental alterations syndrome is a rare, genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by sparse, thin, brittle scalp hair, as well as sparse eyebrows, eyelashes, axillary and pubic hair, delayed eruption of deciduous teeth and hypodontia of both dentitions. Mild palmoplantar keratosis, cafC)-au-lait spots on back, mild dystrophy of nails, and tibial deflection of toes are also associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018062 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant trichoodontoonychodysplasia-syndactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018363 biolink:NamedThing focal facial dermal dysplasia Focal facial dermal dysplasias (FFDD) are rare ectodermal dysplasias, characterized by congenital bitemporal (resembling forceps marks) or preauricular scar-like lesions associated with additional facial and or systematic manifestations. 4 types of FFDD are described (FFDD I to IV). FFDD types II and III present with a variable facial dysmorphism including distichiasis (upper lashes) or lacking eyelashes, and upward slanting and thinned lateral eyebrows with a flattened nasal bridge and full upper lip. FFDD types I and IV are infrequently associated with extra-cutaneous anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019071 biolink:NamedThing pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia Pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia is characterised by the association of onychodystrophy and severe hypotrichosis, which is mainly limited to the scalp but may also affect the eyelashes and eyebrows. Less than 20 cases have been reported so far. The mode of transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019205 biolink:NamedThing trichodysplasia-amelogenesis imperfecta syndrome The association of amelogenesis imperfecta and a microscopically typical hair dysplasia has been found in several members of a family in two generations. Transmission is X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019206 biolink:NamedThing sparse hair-short stature-skin anomalies syndrome Sparse hair-short stature-skin anomalies syndrome combines short stature, sparse hair, skin hyperpigmentation and urticaria-like reactions on the hands and arms. An upper central incisor, hypoplastic thumbs and/or palmoplantar hyperkeratosis may also be present. It is thought to be a rare form of ectodermal dysplasia and has been described at least once in a mother and her three sons. Transmission is autosomal dominant, or X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020475 biolink:NamedThing dermotrichic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022432 biolink:NamedThing alves Castelo dos Santos syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022611 biolink:NamedThing Brunoni syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023040 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia Bartalos type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023041 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia Berlin type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023042 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia margarita type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023045 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia arthrogryposis diabetes mellitus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023046 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia blindness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023048 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia neurosensory deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032584 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 14, hair/tooth type with or without hypohidrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032804 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 15, hypohidrotic/hair type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043110 biolink:NamedThing jones hersh yusk syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044305 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 13, hair/tooth type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044406 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis-ectodermal dysplasia-other anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100358 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia WNT10A related DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010520 biolink:NamedThing X-linked Alport syndrome X-linked form of Alport syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007087 biolink:NamedThing alternating hemiplegia of childhood 1 Any alternating hemiplegia of childhood in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP1A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013900 biolink:NamedThing alternating hemiplegia of childhood 2 Any alternating hemiplegia of childhood in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP1A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007088 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011194 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011401 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011513 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease, familial early-onset, with coexisting amyloid and prion pathology DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011561 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 6 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 10q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011647 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 7 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 10p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011743 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 4 Alzheimer's disease with an early onset (starts before the age of 65). It is caused by mutations in the PSEN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011777 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 8 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 20p12.2-q11.21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011913 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 3 Alzheimer's disease with an early onset (starts before the age of 65). It is caused by mutations in the PSEN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012321 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 10 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 7q36. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012344 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 11 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 9p22.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012609 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 12 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 8p12-q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012630 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 13 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 1q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012631 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 14 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 1q25. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007089 biolink:NamedThing Alzheimer disease 2 An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an association of the apolipoprotein E E4 allele. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100087 biolink:NamedThing familial Alzheimer disease A degenerative disease of the brain that causes gradual loss of memory, judgment, and the ability to function socially. About 25% of all Alzheimer disease is familial (more than 2 people in a family have AD). When Alzheimer disease begins before 60 or 65 years of age (early-onset AD) about 60% of the cases are familial (also known as Early-onset familial AD). These cases appear to be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015047 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007094 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1A Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LAMB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008770 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014540 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1H Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ITGB6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014560 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1F Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AMBN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015008 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta, type 1J DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007093 biolink:NamedThing hypomaturation-hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta with taurodontism Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DLX3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007538 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta, type 3A Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FAM83H gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010522 biolink:NamedThing X-linked amelogenesis imperfecta hypoplastic/hypomaturation 2 An amelogenesis imperfecta associated with mutation in a gene in the Xq22-q28 region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015048 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021547 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 3B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031084 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta, IIa 1K DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032717 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta, type 3c DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007486 biolink:NamedThing hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis A rare genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with variable penetrance. It was initially described among Native Americans belonging to the Haliwa-Saponi tribe of northeastern North Carolina. It is caused by a duplication of chromosomal DNA at 4q35. Clinical signs present in early childhood and include asymptomatic plaques of the epibulbar conjunctivae and oral mucosa. Clinical progression of the plaques to malignancy has not been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009015 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy-perceptive deafness syndrome Corneal dystrophy-perceptive deafness (CDPD) or Harboyan syndrome is a degenerative corneal disorder characterized by the association of congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) with progressive, postlingual sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010064 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia-corneal dystrophy syndrome Mousa-AlDin-AlNassar syndrome is characterised by the presence of spastic ataxia in association with bilateral congenital cataract, corneal dystrophy, and nonaxial myopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010082 biolink:NamedThing subaortic stenosis-short stature syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010579 biolink:NamedThing X-linked corneal dermoid X-linked corneal dermoid (X-CND) is an exceedingly rare, benign, congenital, corneal tumor characterized by bilateral opacification of the cornea with superficial grayish layers and irregular raised whitish plaques, as well as fine blood vessels covering the central cornea, and intact peripheral corneal borders.No other ocular or systemic abnormality is noted. The pattern of inheritance described in the affected family is consistent with X-linked transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017264 biolink:NamedThing syndromic recessive X-linked ichthyosis Syndromic recessive X-linked ichthyosis (RXLI) refers to the cases of RXLI that are associated with extracutaneous manifestations as part of a syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018988 biolink:NamedThing iridocorneal endothelial syndrome Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome describes a group of progressive corneal proliferative endotheliopathies comprised of Chandler syndrome, Cogan-Reese syndrome and essential iris atrophy, affecting mainly young adult females and characterized by iris holes and atrophy, papillary distortion, anterior synechiae, corneal edema and often with secondary glaucoma and corneal decompensation as complications DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007098 biolink:NamedThing ACys amyloidosis Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA), Icelandic type is a form of HCHWA characterized by an age of onset of 20-30 years, systemic amyloidosis and recurrent lobar intracerebral hemorrhages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007297 biolink:NamedThing ADan amyloidosis A cerebral amyloid angiopathy characterized by ataxia, intention tremor, psychosis and dementia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of ITM2B on chromosome 13q14.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008306 biolink:NamedThing ABri amyloidosis A cerebral amyloid angiopathy characterized by onset in the 4th to 6th decade of life, progressive mental deterioration, spasticity, muscular rigidity but no tremors, spontaneous movements or sensory changes that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of ITM2B on chromosome 13q14.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011583 biolink:NamedThing cerebral amyloid angiopathy, APP-related A cerebral amyloid angiopathy that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of APP on chromosome 21q21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015302 biolink:NamedThing nodular cutaneous amyloidosis Primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis (PLCNA) is the most rare form of primary cutaneous amyloidosis, a skin disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid deposits in the dermis, characterized clinically by yellowish waxy crusted nodules and papules on the face, lower extremities, trunk, scalp, and genitalia and histologically by the localized deposition of immunoglobulin-derived amyloid in the papillary dermis and subcutis. PLCNA can be associated with connective tissue disorders such as SjC6grenBs syndrome and CREST syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015303 biolink:NamedThing macular amyloidosis Macular amyloidosis (MA) is a rare chronic form of cutaneous amyloidosis, a skin disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid deposits in the dermis, clinically characterized by pruritic hyperkeratotic gray-brown macules that give a rippled or reticulated pattern of pigmentation usually in the upper back and extensor sites of arms, forearms and legs, and histologically by the deposition of amyloid in the upper dermis and close to the basal cell layer of the epidermis. MA is commonly associated with other skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017906 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis cutis dyschromia Amyloidosis cutis dyschromia is a rare primary cutaneous amyloidosis characterized by macular or reticulate hyperpigmentation with symmetrically distributed guttate hypo- and hyperpigmented lesions which progress gradually over the years to involve almost the entire body (with relative sparing of the face, hands, feet and neck). Patients are usually asymptomatic, however mild pruritus may be associated. Amyloid deposition in the papillary dermis is observed on skin biopsy. Systemic amyloidosis is not present and association with generalized morphea, atypical Parkinsonism, spasticity, motor weakness or colon carcinoma is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018856 biolink:NamedThing lichen amyloidosis Lichen amyloidosis is a rare chronic form of cutaneous amyloidosis, a skin disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid deposits in the dermis, clinically characterized by the development of pruritic, often pigmented, hyperkeratotic papules on trunk and extremities, especially on the shins, and histologically by the deposition of amyloid or amyloid-like proteins in the papillary dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007103 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007105 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 Any frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C9orf72 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008458 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is a subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I) characterized by truncal ataxia, dysarthria, slowed saccades and less commonly ophthalmoparesis and chorea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010459 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 15 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UBQLN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010936 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 7 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHMP2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011223 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SETX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011632 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 21 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MATR3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011691 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011951 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FUS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011952 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012077 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VAPB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012753 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 9 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ANG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012790 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TARDBP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012945 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 11 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FIG4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013264 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 12 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OPTN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013501 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VCP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013891 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 18 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PFN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014181 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 20 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HNRNPA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014223 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 19 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERBB4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014395 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2 An amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that has material basis in mutation in the CHCHD10 gene on chromosome 22. It is characterized by adult onset of either frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014531 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 22 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBA4A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014640 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 3 An amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that has material basis in mutation in the SQSTM1 gene on chromosome 5q35. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014641 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 4 An amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that has material basis in mutation in the TBK1 gene on chromosome 12q14. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017593 biolink:NamedThing juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (JALS) is a very rare severe motor neuron disease characterized by progressive upper and lower motor neuron degeneration causing facial spasticity, dysarthria, and gait disorders with onset before 25 years of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027694 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 23 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030872 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030875 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030885 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 26 with or without frontotemporal dementia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010444 biolink:NamedThing X-linked dyserythropoetic anemia with abnormal platelets and neutropenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012992 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic insufficiency-anemia-hyperostosis syndrome This syndrome is characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, dyserythropoietic anemia, and calvarial hyperostosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019031 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia Thrombocytopenia with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) is a rare hematological disorder, seen almost exclusively in males, characterized by moderate to severe thrombocytopenia with hemorrhages with or without the presence of mild to severe anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030711 biolink:NamedThing Anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type IIIb, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007110 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 1 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS19 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015253 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia A congenital aregenerative and often macrocytic anemia with erythroblastopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010493 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 14 with mandibulofacial dysostosis Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TSR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011639 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 15 with mandibulofacial dysostosis Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS28 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012529 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 3 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS24 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012924 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 4 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS17 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012925 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 5 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPL35A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012937 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 6 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPL5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012938 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 7 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPL11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012939 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 8 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013216 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 9 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013217 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 10 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS26 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013964 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 11 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPL26 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014245 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 12 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPL15 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014394 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 13 Any Diamond-Blackfan anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPS29 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031071 biolink:NamedThing diamond-blackfan anemia 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032668 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032669 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032670 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044309 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044310 biolink:NamedThing Diamond-Blackfan anemia 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007111 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010468 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012053 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012194 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012443 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012752 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012810 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012811 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012949 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012950 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013654 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032891 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm, intracranial berry, 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007112 biolink:NamedThing interventricular septum aneurysm Interventricular septum aneurysm is a rare, non-syndromic, congenital heart malformation characterized by the presence of a congenital aneurysm of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum. Patients may be asymptomatic or may present with ventricular or supraventricular tachycardia, fatigue, exertional dyspnea, palpitations, and cardiac murmur. Ventricular septal defects and conduction defects, such as first-degree atrio-ventricular block or incomplete right bundle branch block, may also be also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020427 biolink:NamedThing Laubry-Pezzi syndrome Laubry-Pezzi syndrome is a rare, non-syndromic, congenital heart malformation characterized by the prolapse of an aortic valve cusp into a subjacent ventricular septal defect due to Venturi effect, resulting in aortic regurgitation. Patients typically present with symptoms of progressive aortic valve insufficiency, such as shortness of breath, heart palpitations, chest pain and exercise intolerance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007115 biolink:NamedThing angioma serpiginosum, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010391 biolink:NamedThing angioma serpiginosum, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015217 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic developmental defect of the eye A developmental defect of the eye that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007410 biolink:NamedThing isolated cryptophthalmia Isolated cryptophtalmia is a congenital abnormality in which the eyelids are absent and skin covers the ocular bulb, which is often microphthalmic. Six cases of complete bilateral crytophthalmia have been described. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019626 biolink:NamedThing isolated ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum Isolated ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA) is characterised by the presence of single or multiple thin bands of connective tissue between the upper and lower eyelids, preventing full opening of the eye. Several cases have been reported. It can occur sporadically or following an autosomal dominant transmission pattern. In some cases, AFA can be associated with other disorders, such as trisomy 18. The bands should be removed to avoid amblyopia and this can easily be performed in the neonatal period by cutting with tissue scissors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007120 biolink:NamedThing aniridia-absent patella syndrome Aniridia-absent patella is a syndrome described in three members of a family (a boy, his father, and his paternal grandmother) that is characterized by the association of aniridia with patella aplasia or hypoplasia. The grandmother also had bilateral cataracts and glaucoma. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1975. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008795 biolink:NamedThing aniridia-cerebellar ataxia-intellectual disability syndrome Aniridia-cerebellar ataxia-intellectual disability syndrome, also known as Gillespie syndrome, is a rare, congenital, neurological disorder characterized by the association of partial bilateral aniridia with non-progressive cerebellar ataxia, and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015198 biolink:NamedThing aniridia-ptosis-intellectual disability-familial obesity syndrome Aniridia - ptosis - intellectual disability - familial obesity is an extremely rare syndrome described in three members of a family (a mother and her two children) that is characterized by the association of various ocular abnormalities (partial or complete aniridia, ptosis, pendular nystagmus, corneal pannus, persistent pupillary membrane, lenticular opacities, foveal hypoplasia, and low visual acuity) with various systemic anomalies including intellectual disability and obesity in the two children, and alopecia, cardiac abnormalities, and frequent spontaneous abortion in the mother. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015199 biolink:NamedThing aniridia - intellectual disability syndrome Aniridia-intellectual disability syndrome is an extremely rare autosomal dominant developmental defect of the eye described in several members of one family that is characterized by the association of moderate intellectual disability with aniridia, lens dislocation, optic nerve hypoplasia and cataracts. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1974. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043071 biolink:NamedThing Zazam Sheriff Phillips syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020156 biolink:NamedThing syndromic ankyloblepharon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015201 biolink:NamedThing ankyloblepharon filiforme-imperforate anus syndrome An extremely rare developmental defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome characterized by bands of extensile tissue connecting the margins of the upper and lower eyelids, in association with anal atresia. Patients may additionally present cleft palate, hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800090 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly with and without other manifestations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008464 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation 1 Split-hand/foot malformation mapped to chromosome 7q21.3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009157 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation 6 Any split hand-foot malformation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WNT10B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011428 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip-palate syndrome 3 Any EEC syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TP63 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011535 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation 4 Any split hand-foot malformation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TP63 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007126 biolink:NamedThing spondyloarthropathy, susceptibility to, 1 Any spondyloarthropathy, susceptibility to in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HLA-B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008468 biolink:NamedThing spondyloarthropathy, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013192 biolink:NamedThing spondyloarthropathy, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007129 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 1 Any tooth agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007881 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 4 Any tooth agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WNT10A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010741 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, X-linked, 1 Any tooth agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EDA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011265 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011477 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 3 Any tooth agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012583 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014749 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 7 Any tooth agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRP6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014901 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 8 Any tooth agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WNT10B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014999 biolink:NamedThing tooth agenesis, selective, 9 Any tooth agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GREM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007130 biolink:NamedThing congenital total pulmonary venous return anomaly Total pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a form of congenital pulmonary venous return where all of the pulmonary veins drain into the right atrium or one of its tributaries, instead of the left atrium, leading to various manifestations such as fatigue, exertional dyspnea, pulmonary arterial hypertension, cyanosis and progressive congestive heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017705 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary venous return anomaly Congenital pulmonary venous return anomaly is a cardiac malformation where some or all of the pulmonary veins drain into the right atrium or the systemic veins, with or without the presence of pulmonary venous obstruction, leading to various manifestations such as fatigue, exertional dyspnea, pulmonary arterial hypertension, cyanosis and progressive congestive heart failure. The two main subtypes are congenital partial pulmonary venous return anomaly (PAPVC), where one or a few of the pulmonary veins are anomalous, and congenital total pulmonary venous return anomaly (TAPVC), where all of the pulmonary veins are anomalous. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020453 biolink:NamedThing congenital partial pulmonary venous return anomaly Partial pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a form of congenital pulmonary venous return where one or a few of the pulmonary veins drain into the right atrium or one of its tributaries instead of the left atrium. Some patients can be asymptomatic while others can manifest with non-specific signs such as frequent respiratory infections, fatigue and exertional dyspnea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800093 biolink:NamedThing dysostosis with brachydactyly without extraskeletal manifestations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007215 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A1 Brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1) is a congenital malformation characterized by apparent shortness (or absence) of the middle phalanges of all digits, and occasional fusion with the terminal phalanges. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007220 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type B1 Any brachydactyly type B in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ROR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007221 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007222 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type D A brachydactyly characterized by short and broad terminal phalanges of the thumbs and big toes that has material basis in mutation in the HOXD13 gene on chromosome 2q31.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007223 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type E1 Any brachydactyly type E in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HOXD13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012658 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type B2 Brachydactyly type B2 is a rare, genetic congenital limb malformation disorder characterized by hypoplasia/aplasia of distal and/or middle phalanges in fingers and toes II-V (frequently severe in fingers/toes IV-V, milder in fingers/toes II-III) in association with proximal, and occasionally distal, symphalangism, fusion of carpal/tarsal bones and partial cutaneous syndactyly. Additional reported features include proximal placement of thumbs, sensorineural hearing loss and farsightedness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013244 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type E2 Any brachydactyly type E in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTHLH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007135 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019211 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital anonychia Isolated congenital anonychia is characterized by nail abnormalities ranging from onychodystrophy (dystrophic nails) to anonychia (absence of nails). Onychodystrophy-anonychia has been described in at least four generations of a family with male-to-male transmission, suggesting autosomal dominant transmission. Anonychia has been described in approximately less than 20 cases; it is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. Total anonychia congenita, in which all the fingernails and toenails are absent, may have an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008798 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 4 Any isolated congenital anonychia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RSPO4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019577 biolink:NamedThing anonychia-onychodystrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100469 biolink:NamedThing anosmia, isolated congenital, X-linked X-linked form of anosmia, isolated congenital. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007138 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment dysgenesis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010015 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment dysgenesis 7 Any anterior segment dysgenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PXDN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011119 biolink:NamedThing iridogoniodysgenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015016 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment dysgenesis 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015017 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment dysgenesis 8 Any anterior segment dysgenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CPAMD8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033810 biolink:NamedThing isolated iridoschisis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008305 biolink:NamedThing Currarino triad Currarino syndrome (CS) is a rare congenital disease characterized by the triad of anorectal malformations (ARMs) (usually anal stenosis), presacral mass (commonly anterior sacral meningocele (ASM) or teratoma) and sacral anomalies (i.e. total or partial agenesis of the sacrum and coccyx or deformity of the sacral vertebrae). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009039 biolink:NamedThing Baller-Gerold syndrome Baller-Gerold syndrome is characterized by the association of coronal craniosynostosis with radial ray anomalies (oligodactyly, aplasia or hypoplasia of the thumb, aplasia or hypoplasia of the radius). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009344 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease-nail hypoplasia-dysmorphism syndrome Hirschsprung disease - nail hypoplasia - dysmorphism is a fatal malformative disorder that is characterized by Hirschsprung disease, hypoplastic nails, distal limb hypoplasia and minor craniofacial dysmorphic features (flat facies, upward slanting palpebral fissures, narrow philtrum, narrow, high arched palate, micrognathia, low set ears with abnormal helices). Hydronephrosis has also been reported. There have been no further descriptions of Hirschsprung disease - nail hypoplasia - dysmorphism syndrome in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010668 biolink:NamedThing skeletal dysplasia-intellectual disability syndrome Skeletal dysplasia-intellectual disability syndrome combines skeletal anomalies (short stature, ridging of the metopic suture, fusion of cervical vertebrae, thoracic hemivertebrae, scoliosis, sacral hypoplasia and short middle phalanges) and mild intellectual deficit. It has been described in four male cousins in three sibships. Glucose intolerance was present in three cases, and imperforated anus in one case. Carrier females had minor manifestations (fusion of cervical vertebrae and glucose intolerance). Transmission seems to be X-linked. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010989 biolink:NamedThing Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome type 2 Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome type 2, a form of MRKH syndrome, is characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and upper 2/3 of the vagina that is associated with at least one other malformation such as renal, vertebral, or, less commonly, auditory and cardiac defects. The acronym MURCS (MCllerian duct aplasia, Renal dysplasia, Cervical Somite anomalies) is also used. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011248 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 13q Distal monosomy 13q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13, with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by varying degrees of intellectual disability and developmental delay, as well as CNS malformations (e.g. holoprosencephaly, anencephaly, ventriculomegaly, Dandy-Walker malformation), ocular abnormalities (e.g. hypertelorism, microphthalmia, strabismus, aniridia, retinal dysplasia) and craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, trigonocephaly, large and malformed ears, broad prominent nasal bridge, micrognathia). Cardiac, genitourinary, gastrointestinal and skeletal manifestations have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011928 biolink:NamedThing caudal duplication Caudal duplication (CD) is a rare developmental anomaly in which structures derived from the embryonic cloaca and notochord are duplicated to varying extents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013082 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease-ganglioneuroblastoma syndrome A rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by total or partial colonic aganglionosis associated with peripheral, usually multifocal, neuroblastic tumors (ganglioneuroblastoma, neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma). Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, with variable severity of respiratory compromise, cardiovascular and ophthalmologic symptoms, consistent with autonomic nervous system dysfunction, is occasionally associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013127 biolink:NamedThing asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 3 An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the DYNC2H1 gene on chromosome 11q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015944 biolink:NamedThing axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum Axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by congenital manifestations of both oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum and caudal regression sequence. Phenotype is highly variable but patients typically present facial dysmorphism (incl. asymmetry, hypertelorism), auricular abnormalities (e.g. preauricular tags, microtia, absence of middle ear ossicles), skeletal malformations (hemivertebrae, hip dislocation, sacral agenesis/dysplasia, talipes equinovarus, flexion deformity of lower limbs), cardiac defects (dextrocardia, septal defects), renal and genitourinary anomalies (such as renal agensis/dysplasia, abnormal external genitalia, cryptorchidia), as well as anal anomalies such as anal atresia and rectovesical fistula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016568 biolink:NamedThing Lowe-Kohn-Cohen syndrome Lowe-Kohn-Cohen syndrome is an extremely rare anorectal malformation syndrome characterized by imperforate anus, closed ano-perineal fistula, preauricular skin tag and absent renal abnormalities and pre-axial limb deformities. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017573 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of sex development-anorectal anomalies syndrome 46,XX disorder of sex development-anorectal anomalies syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by a normal female karyotype, normal ovaries, male or ambiguous genitalia, urinary tract malformations (ranging from bilateral renal agenesis to mild unilateral hydronephrosis), müllerian duct anomalies (e.g. complete absence of the uterus and vagina, bicornuate uterus), and imperforate anus. Additional features may include tracheoesophageal fistula, radial aplasia, and malrotation of the gut. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019164 biolink:NamedThing 6q terminal deletion syndrome 6q terminal deletion syndrome is marked by a characteristic facial dysmorphism, short neck and psychomotor retardation, generally associated with a range of non-specific malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019902 biolink:NamedThing monosomy 13q34 Monosomy 13q34 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13, principally characterized by global developmental delay, mild intellectual disability, obesity and mild craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, wide rectangular forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, mild ptosis, prominent nose with long nasal bridge and broad tip, small chin). Other variable reported features include congenital heart defects, hand and foot anomalies (e.g. polydactyly) and agenesis of the corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019907 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 13 Ring chromosome 13 is a chromosomal anomaly of chromosome 13 characterized by a widely variable phenotype (ranging from mild to severe) principally characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, developmental delay, short stature, moderate to severe intellectual deficit, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism (i.e. upslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, abnormal ears, broad nasal bridge, high arched palate, micrognathia, small mouth, and thin lips), hands and feet anomalies, and genital abnormalities. Additional features reported include behavioral problems, hearing and speech disorders, congenital heart defects, cerebral malformations, and anal atresia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019916 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007145 biolink:NamedThing aplasia cutis congenita Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare skin disorder characterized by localized absence of skin that is usually located on the scalp but can occur anywhere on the body including the face, trunk and extremities. ACC may occasionally be associated with other anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010876 biolink:NamedThing recessive aplasia cutis congenita of limbs Recessive aplasia cutis congenita of limbs is an extremely rare variant of aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) characterized by the congenital absence of skin on the upper and/or lower limbs, with these lesions usually healing spontaneously resulting in a hypotrichotic scar. Recessive ACC of limbs may be associated with junctional epidermolysis bullosa. The inheritance was hypothesized to be autosomal recessive. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1980. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015500 biolink:NamedThing facial arteriovenous malformation Facial arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by abnormal communication between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary bed, located in the facial area. Lesions may be asymptomatic or may manifest with pain, ulceration, pulsation, tinnitus, minor bleeding or potentially life-threatening hemorrhage, blurred vision, impaired hearing, headache, paresthesia, enlargement of facial bones with intraosseous lesions, intraosseous hemangiomas, and speech, breathing and swallowing difficulties, as well as neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007345 biolink:NamedThing aorta coarctation Congenital narrowing of a segment of the aorta. Signs and symptoms include hypertension, muscle weakness, shortness of breath, headaches and leg cramps. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008318 biolink:NamedThing Proteus syndrome Proteus syndrome (PS) is a very rare and complex hamartomatous overgrowth disorder characterized by progressive overgrowth of the skeleton, skin, adipose, and central nervous systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009931 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary atresia-intact ventricular septum syndrome Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PA-IVS) is a rare form of cyanotic congenital heart malformation characterized by severe cyanosis and tachypnea. PA-IVS presents significant morphologic diversity: at the end of the spectrum are patients with a mildly hypoplastic and tripartite right ventricle (RV) and mild tricuspid valve (TV) hypoplasia, and at the other end are patients with severe RV and TV hypoplasia, often with RV-dependent coronary circulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009938 biolink:NamedThing pulmonic stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010081 biolink:NamedThing subaortic stenosis, membranous DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007157 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, type 1A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007458 biolink:NamedThing digitotalar dysmorphism; ulnar drift, hereditary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013698 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, type 1B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007158 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis- oculomotor limitation-electroretinal anomalies syndrome Distal arthrogryposis type 5 is an inherited developmental defect syndrome characterized by multiple congenital contractures of limbs, without primary neurologic and/or muscle disease that affects limb function, and ocular anomalies (ptosis, external ophtalmoplegia and/or strabismus). Intelligence is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007159 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis-like hand anomaly-sensorineural deafness syndrome Arthrogryposis-like hand anomaly-sensorineural deafness syndrome is characterized by an arthrogryposis-like hand anomaly and sensorineural deafness. It has been described in only one family. Male-to-male transmission was observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007364 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, type 2E DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008016 biolink:NamedThing trismus-pseudocamptodactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011128 biolink:NamedThing Sheldon-hall syndrome Sheldon-Hall syndrome (SHS) is a rare multiple congenital contracture syndrome characterized by contractures of the distal joints of the limbs, triangular face, downslanting palpebral fissures, small mouth, and high arched palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012195 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis-severe scoliosis syndrome Distal arthrogryposis type 4 is an inherited developmental defect syndrome characterized by multiple congenital contractures of limbs, without primary neurologic and/or muscle disease that affects limb function, and a mild to severe scoliosis. Intelligence is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014028 biolink:NamedThing distal arthrogryposis type 5D Distal arthrogryposis type 5D is a rare subtype of distal arthrogryposis syndrome characterized by arthrogryposis multiplex congenita affecting the hands, feet, ankle, shoulders and/or neck, with camptodactyly of the fingers and limited knee and hip extension, associated with asymmetric ptosis and, less frequently, other ocular manifestations (e.g. ophthalmoplegia, strabismus). Affected individuals frequently have a bulbous nose, furrowed tongue, micro/retrognathia, a short neck, congenital hip dislocation, club feet, scoliosis and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014941 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, with impaired proprioception and touch DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016675 biolink:NamedThing distal arthrogryposis type 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030847 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, type 1C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031045 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, IIa 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800200 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, distal, type 2B4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007160 biolink:NamedThing Stickler syndrome type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011493 biolink:NamedThing Stickler syndrome type 2 Stickler syndrome is an inherited vitreoretinopathy characterized by the association of ocular signs with more or less complete forms of Pierre-Robin sequence, bone disorders, and sensorineural deafness (10% of cases). Stickler syndrome type 2 is caused by mutations in the COL11A1 gene (1p21). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031047 biolink:NamedThing stickler syndrome, IIa 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007562 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Beighton type Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Beighton type is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by epiphyseal dysplasia (usually mild) associated with progressive myopia, retinal thinning, crenated cataracts, conductive deafness, and stubby digits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007885 biolink:NamedThing Legg-Calve-Perthes disease A hip region disease that is characterized by uni- or bilateral avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head in children. In a small percentage of cases, mutations in the COL2A1 gene were found to be responsible. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007895 biolink:NamedThing platyspondylic dysplasia, Torrance type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008471 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita A chondrodysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature, abnormal epiphyses and flattened vertebral bodies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008476 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Strudwick type A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature from birth (with a very short trunk and shortened limbs) and skeletal abnormalities (lordosis, scoliosis, flattened vertebrae, pectus carinatum, coxa vara, clubfoot, and abnormal epiphyses or metaphyses). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008478 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Schmidt type Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Schmidt type is characterized by short stature, myopia, small pelvis, progressive kypho-scoliosis, wrist deformity, severe genu valgum, short long bones, and severe metaphyseal dysplasia with moderate spinal changes and minimal changes in the hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008479 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, 'corner fracture' type A type of skeletal dysplasia associated with short stature, developmental coxa vara, progressive hip deformity, simulated 'corner fractures' of long tubular bones and vertebral body abnormalities (mostly oval vertebral bodies). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008702 biolink:NamedThing achondrogenesis type II Achondrogenesis type 2 (ACG2), a form of achondrogenesis, is a very rare and lethal skeletal dysplasia and part of the spectrum of type 2 collagen-related bone disorders, characterizedby severe micromelia, short neck with large head, small thorax, protuberant abdomen, underdeveloped lungs, distinctive facial features such as a prominent forehead, a small chin, a cleft palate (in some) and distinctive histological features of the cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010078 biolink:NamedThing spondyloperipheral dysplasia A condition caused by by truncating mutations in the C-propeptide of COL2A1. Like other type II collagen disorders it is characterised by short stature, platyspondyly and epiphyseal dysplasia. A distinguishing feature is the presence of brachydactyly with a prominent first toe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011496 biolink:NamedThing mild spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia due to COL2A1 mutation with early-onset osteoarthritis Mild spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia due to COL2A1 mutation with early-onset osteoarthritis is a type 2 collagen-related bone disorder characterized by precocious, generalized osteoarthritis (with onset as early as childhood) and mild, dysplastic spinal changes (flattening of vertebrae, irregular endplates and wedge-shaped deformities) resulting in a mildly short trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012206 biolink:NamedThing Czech dysplasia, metatarsal type Czech dysplasia, metatarsal type is a form of skeletal dysplasia characterised by severe arthropathy beginning in childhood and hypoplasia/dysplasia of the third, fourth and/or fifth toes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014701 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Stanescu type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019669 biolink:NamedThing hypochondrogenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054550 biolink:NamedThing avascular necrosis of femoral head, primary, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016227 biolink:NamedThing hereditary episodic ataxia Hereditary episodic ataxia (EA) represents a group of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent episodes of ataxia and vertigo which may be progressive. Weakness, dystonia and ataxia are sometimes present in the interictal period. Seven types of EA have been described to date (EA type 1 to EA type 7), but most of the reported cases belong to EA1 and EA2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011681 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 4 Episodic ataxia type 4 (EA4) is a very rare form of Hereditary episodic ataxia characterized by late-onset episodic ataxia, recurrent attacks of vertigo, and diplopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011682 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 3 Episodic ataxia type 3 (EA3) is a very rare form of Hereditary episodic ataxia characterized by vestibular ataxia, vertigo, tinnitus, and interictal myokymia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012755 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 7 Episodic ataxia type 7 (EA7) is an exceedingly rare form of Hereditary episodic ataxia characterized by ataxia with weakness, vertigo, and dysarthria without interictal findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012982 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 6 Episodic ataxia type 6 (EA6) is an exceedingly rare form of hereditary episodic ataxia with varying degrees of ataxia and associated findings including slurred speech, headache, confusion and hemiplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013464 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 5 Episodic ataxia type 5 (EA5) is an extremely rare form of Hereditary episodic ataxia characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo and ataxia lasting several hours. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014476 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia type 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030064 biolink:NamedThing episodic ataxia, type 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100052 biolink:NamedThing acetazolamide-responsive hereditary episodic ataxia Periodic spells of incoordination and imbalance, that is, episodes of ataxia typically lasting from 10 minutes to several hours or days, with improvement upon therapy with acetazolamide. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100254 biolink:NamedThing CACNA1A-related complex neurodevelopmental disorder A progressive complex neurodevelopmental condition caused by variants in the CACNA1A gene. Phenotypic onset (usually) occurs around age 1 and most often includes intellectual disability but can also include epileptic encephalopathy, benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy and paroxysmal tonic upgaze psychomotor delay, learning difficulties, absence epilepsy, episodic ataxia, and hemiplegic migraines. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014917 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 42 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNA1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007164 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia 1 Any autosomal dominant spastic ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VAMP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007165 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia 7 Spastic ataxia with congenital miosis is a rare hereditary ataxia characterized by an apparently non-progressive or slowly progressive symmetrical ataxia of gait, pyramidal signs in the limbs, spasticity and hyperreflexia (especially in the lower limbs) together with dysarthria and impaired pupillary reaction to light, presenting as a fixed miosis (with pupils that seldom exceed 2 mm in diameter and dilate poorly with mydriatics). Nystagmus may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007166 biolink:NamedThing ataxia with fasciculations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008043 biolink:NamedThing myoclonus-cerebellar ataxia-deafness syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of myoclonus, cerebellar ataxia and sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008928 biolink:NamedThing cataract-ataxia-deafness syndrome Cataract-ataxia-deafness syndrome is characterised by mild intellectual deficit, congenital cataract, progressive sensorineural deafness and ataxia. It has been described in two sisters. The inheritance is likely to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008980 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome Ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive, slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the triad of cerebellar ataxia (that generally manifests at adolescence or early adulthood), chorioretinal dystrophy, which may have a later onset (up to the fifth-sixth decade) leading to variable degrees of visual impairment, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (delayed puberty and lack of secondary sex characteristics). Ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome belongs to a clinical continuum of neurodegenerative disorders along with the clinically overlapping cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009493 biolink:NamedThing Richards-Rundle syndrome Richards-Rundle syndrome is an extremely rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive spinocerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism associated with additional neurological manifestations (such as peripheral muscle wasting, nystagmus, intellectual disability or dementia) and ketoaciduria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010062 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia-dysmorphism syndrome Spinocerebellar ataxia-dysmorphism is marked by characteristic facies associated with dysarthria, delayed psychomotor development, ataxia, scoliosis and foot deformities. Three cases have been described and transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010095 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-tapetoretinal degeneration syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012166 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant sensory ataxia 1 Any hereditary ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNF170 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013005 biolink:NamedThing EAST syndrome SeSAME syndrome is characterized by seizures, sensorineural deafness, ataxia, intellectual deficit, and electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypomagnesemia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014523 biolink:NamedThing juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus-central and peripheral neurodegeneration syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017845 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100310 biolink:NamedThing hereditary cerebellar ataxia Cerebellar ataxia that is transmitted from parent to child. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019690 biolink:NamedThing filamin-related bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008005 biolink:NamedThing cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome Cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome is characterized by mitral insufficiency, conductive deafness, short stature, and skeletal anomalies (bony fusion involving the cervical vertebrae, the ossicles, and the carpal and tarsal bones). It has been described in three members of one family. The mode of inheritance is likely to be autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018233 biolink:NamedThing otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorder Otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorder is a primary bone dysplasia and encompasses a group of congenital anomalies that are characterized by skeletal dysplasia of varying clinical severity and an X linked dominant pattern of inheritance. This group include otopalatodigital syndrome type 1 and 2 (OPD1, OPD2) which are characterized in affected males by cleft palate, conductive hearing loss, craniofacial abnormalities and skeletal dysplasia; Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS) which displays skeletal deformities in females and embryonic or perinatal lethality in most males; frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD); and terminal osseous dysplasia - pigmentary defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007170 biolink:NamedThing atresia of external auditory canal and conductive deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011921 biolink:NamedThing aural atresia, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007171 biolink:NamedThing atrial standstill 1 Any atrial standstill in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015281 biolink:NamedThing atrial standstill Atrial standstill is a rare cardiac rhythm disease with a few familial and sporadic cases described to date that is characterized by a transient or permanent absence of electrical and mechanical atrial activity. Electrocardiographic findings include bradycardia, ectopic supraventricular rhythms, lack of atrial excitability and absent P waves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014329 biolink:NamedThing atrial standstill 2 Any atrial standstill in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NPPA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007181 biolink:NamedThing axial osteomalacia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015465 biolink:NamedThing craniometaphyseal dysplasia Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is a very rare genetic bone disease characterized by progressive diffuse hyperostosis of cranial bones causing facial dysmorphism and functional repercussions, and metaphyseal widening of long bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015634 biolink:NamedThing isolated osteopoikilosis A osteopoikilosis (disease) that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017198 biolink:NamedThing osteopetrosis Osteopetrosis, also known as marble bone disease, is a descriptive term that refers to a group of rare, heritable disorders of the skeleton characterized by increased bone density on radiographs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007182 biolink:NamedThing Machado-Joseph disease Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado-Joseph disease, is the most common subtype of type 1 autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type 1), a neurodegenerative disorder, and is characterized by ataxia, external progressive ophthalmoplegia, and other neurological manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007435 biolink:NamedThing dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy Dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) is a rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by involuntary movements, ataxia, epilepsy, mental disorders, cognitive decline and prominent anticipation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008119 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I) characterized by dysarthria, writing difficulties, limb ataxia, and commonly nystagmus and saccadic abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011781 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 A rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by a variable clinical picture which can include dementia, psychiatric disorders, parkinsonism, dystonia, chorea, spasticity, and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007298 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 29 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 29 (SCA29) is a rare subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I (ADCA type I) characterized by very slowly progressive or non-progressive ataxia, dysarthria, oculomotor abnormalities and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010847 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 (SCA4) is a very rare progressive and untreatable subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I) characterized by ataxia with sensory neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011038 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia-areflexia-pes cavus-optic atrophy-sensorineural hearing loss syndrome Cerebellar ataxia - areflexia - pes cavus - optic atrophy - sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant neurological disorder characterized by early onset cerebellar ataxia, associated with areflexia, progressive optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness, a pes cavus deformity, and abnormal eye movements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011439 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by the presence of action tremor associated with relatively mild cerebellar ataxia. Associated pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs and dementia have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011529 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 13 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 13 (SCA13) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by onset in childhood marked by delayed motor and cognitive development followed by mild progression of cerebellar ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011540 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) is a rare mild subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by slowly progressive ataxia, dysarthria and nystagmus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011694 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 15/16 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 15/16 (SCA15/16) is a rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by cerebellar ataxia, tremor and cognitive impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011819 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 19/22 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 19 (SCA19) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by mild cerebellar ataxia, cognitive impairment, low scores on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test measuring executive function, myoclonus, and postural tremor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011833 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 21 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 21 (SCA21) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia, mild cognitive impairment, postural and/or resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011834 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 18 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 18 (SCA18) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by sensory neuropathy and cerebellar ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012098 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 20 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 20 (SCA20) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by cerebellar dysarthria as the initial typical manifestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012103 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 25 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 25 (SCA25) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by cerebellar ataxia and prominent sensory neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012116 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 (SCA8) is a subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I) characterized by cerebellar ataxia and cognitive dysfunction in almost three quarters of patients and pyramidal and sensory signs in approximately a third of patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012247 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 27 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 27 (SCA27) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by early-onset tremor, dyskinesia, and slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012449 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 23 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 23 (SCA23) is a very rare subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by gait ataxia, dysarthria, slowed saccades, ocular dysmetria, Babinski sign and hyperreflexia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013485 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 35 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 35 (SCA35) is a subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 1 (ADCA type 1) characterized by the adult-onset of progressive gait and limb ataxia, dysarthria, ocular dysmetria, intention tremor, hyperreflexia and spasmodic torticollis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013486 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 32 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 32 (SCA32) is a subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 1 (ADCA type 1) characterized by ataxia, cognitive impairment and azoospermia in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013594 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 36 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 36 (SCA36) is a subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 1 (ADCA type 1) characterized by gait and limb ataxia, lower limb spasticity, dysarthria, muscle fasiculations, tongue atrophy and hyperreflexia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013886 biolink:NamedThing nonprogressive cerebellar atxia with intellectual disability Non-progressive cerebellar ataxia with intellectual deficit is a rare subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 1 (ADCA type 1) characterized by the onset in infancy of cerebellar ataxia, neonatal hypotonia (in some), mild developmental delay and, in later life, intellectual disability. Less common features include dysarthria, dysmetria and dysmorphic facial features (long face, bulbous nose long philtrum, thick lower lip and pointed chin). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014410 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 37 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 37 (SCA37) is a subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 1 (ADCA type 1), characterized by a cerebellar syndrome along with altered vertical eye movements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014475 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 40 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 40 (SCA40) is a very rare subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 1, characterized by the adult-onset of unsteady gait and dysarthria, followed by wide-based gait, gait ataxia, ocular dysmetria, intention tremor, scanning speech, hyperreflexia and dysdiadochokinesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033481 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 46 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800201 biolink:NamedThing baldness, male pattern DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007185 biolink:NamedThing Banki syndrome Banki syndrome is a synostosis syndrome, reported in a single Hungarian family in which members of 3 generations showed lunotriquetral synostosis, clinodactyly, clinometacarpy, brachymetacarpy and leptometacarpy (thin diaphysis). It appeared to be a unique dominant mutation. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1965. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007737 biolink:NamedThing humeroradial synostosis Humero-radial synostosis is a rare, genetic, congenital joint formation defect disorder characterized by uni- or bilateral fusion of the humerus and radius bones at the elbow level, with or without associated ulnar and carpal/metacarpal deficiency, leading to loss of elbow motion and, in many cases, functional arm incapacity. Bowing of radius may be additionally present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008518 biolink:NamedThing calcaneonavicular coalition A synostosis characterized by the fusion of carpal and tarsal bones, which causes stiffness and immobility of the hands and the feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043083 biolink:NamedThing coronal synostosis, syndactyly and jejunal atresia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850084 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic pansynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008534 biolink:NamedThing generalized essential telangiectasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011208 biolink:NamedThing malignant atrophic papulosis Malignant atrophic papulosis (MAP) is a rare, chronic, thrombo-obliterative vasculopathy characterized by papular skin lesions with central porcelain-white atrophy and a surrounding teleangiectatic rim. Systemic lesions may affect the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) and are potentially lethal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017216 biolink:NamedThing calciphylaxis cutis Calciphylaxis cutis is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by progressive and painful skin ulcerations associated with media calcification of medium-size and small cutaneous arterial vessels. It affects mainly patients on dialysis or after renal transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017242 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous collagenous vasculopathy Cutaneous collagenous vasculopathy (CCV) is a primary microangiopathy confined to the skin, characterized by multiple and widespread telangiectasias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007193 biolink:NamedThing primary biliary cholangitis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013079 biolink:NamedThing primary biliary cholangitis 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013080 biolink:NamedThing primary biliary cholangitis 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013636 biolink:NamedThing primary biliary cholangitis 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013637 biolink:NamedThing primary biliary cholangitis 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009010 biolink:NamedThing aortic arch interruption Aortic arch interruption is a rare heart defect characterized by complete lack of anatomical continuity between the transverse aortic arch and the descending thoracic aorta. AAI should be distinguished anatomically from atresia of the aortic arch where continuity between these segments is achieved by an imperforate fibrous strand of various lengths. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017727 biolink:NamedThing fixed subaortic stenosis Fixed subaortic stenosis (FSS) is a rare heart malformation characterized by the obstruction by membranous or fibromuscular tissue of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) below the aortic valve, that occurs as an isolated lesion or in association with additional cardiac malformations (e.g. ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, coarctation of the aorta), that presents in childhood with signs of LVOT obstruction (e.g. dyspnea, chest pain, syncope, palpitations) and that can potentially lead to life-threatening complications (e.g. aortic regurgitation, infective endocarditis). It comprises three anatomical subforms: discrete fixed membranous subaortic stenosis (membranous tissue encircling the LVOT), discrete fibromuscular subaortic stenosis (fibromuscular tissue encircling the LVOT) and tunnel subaortic stenosis (fibromuscular diffuse tunnel-like narrowing of the LVOT), the two latter forms being generally more severe than the membranous form. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019809 biolink:NamedThing congenital aortic valve insufficiency Dysfunction of the aortic valve characterized by incomplete valve closure that is present at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007195 biolink:NamedThing bifid nose, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008537 biolink:NamedThing telecanthus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009258 biolink:NamedThing classic galactosemia Classic galactosemia is a life-threatening metabolic disease with onset in the neonatal period. Infants usually develop feeding difficulties, lethargy, and severe liver disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010350 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 2A Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DIAPH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010373 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 2B Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POF1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010706 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 1 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FMR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012169 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012689 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 5 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NOBOX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012861 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 6 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FIGLA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013065 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 7 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NR5A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014321 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 8 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STAG3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014322 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 9 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HFM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014520 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX ovarian dysgenesis-short stature syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014843 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 11 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014844 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 12 Any primary ovarian failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYCE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018575 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic primordial dwarfism-insulin resistance syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030870 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030939 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030975 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030985 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032881 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044317 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044776 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 10 Premature ovarian failure-10 (POF10) represents a syndrome characterized by primary amenorrhea, hypergonadotropic ovarian insufficiency, and genomic instability in somatic cells.nnFor a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of premature ovarian failure, see POF1 (OMIM:311360).nnFor a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of age at natural menopause, see MENOQ1 (OMIM:300488). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044777 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800317 biolink:NamedThing premature ovarian failure 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800084 biolink:NamedThing primary bone dysplasia with increased bone density DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007397 biolink:NamedThing craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007970 biolink:NamedThing melorheostosis Melorheostosis is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by a sclerosing bone dysplasia, usually limited to one side of the body (rarely bilateral), that manifests with pain, stiffness, joint contractures and deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008157 biolink:NamedThing Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome (BOS) is a benign disorder characterized by the association of osteopoikilosis lesions (``spotted bones'') in the skeleton and connective tissue nevi in the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008172 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, primary, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009274 biolink:NamedThing ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia syndrome (GHDD) is a rare disorder characterized by increased bone density (predominantly diaphyseal) and aregenerative corticosteroid-sensitive anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009394 biolink:NamedThing juvenile Paget disease Juvenile Paget disease is a very rare form of Paget disease of the bone characterized by a general increase in bone turnover with increased bone resorption and deposition, resulting in cortical and trabecular thickening, and clinically presenting as progressive skeletal deformities, growth impairment, fractures, vertebral collapse, skull enlargement and sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010014 biolink:NamedThing craniometadiaphyseal dysplasia, wormian bone type Craniometadiaphyseal dysplasia, wormian bone type is an extremely rare craniotubular bone dysplasia syndrome described in fewer than 10 patients to date. Clinical manifestations include macrocephaly, frontal bossing, malar hypoplasia, prominent mandible and dental hypoplasia. Other skeletal anomalies include abnormal bone modeling in tubular bones, multiple wormian bones and deformities of chest, pelvis and elbows. An increased risk of fractures is noted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010016 biolink:NamedThing sclerosteosis 1 Any sclerosteosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOST gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010310 biolink:NamedThing osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OS-CS) is a bone dysplasia characterized by longitudinal striations of the metaphyses of the long bones, sclerosis of the craniofacial bones, macrocephaly, cleft palate and hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011620 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal dysplasia, Braun-Tinschert type Metaphyseal dysplasia, Braun-Tinschert type is characterised by metapyhseal undermodeling with broadening of the long bones and femora with an 'Erlenmeyer flask'' appearance, expansion and bowing of the radii with severe varus deformity and flat exostoses of the long bones at the metadiaphyseal junctions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013679 biolink:NamedThing sclerosteosis 2 Any sclerosteosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRP4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013722 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 8 with or without oligodontia and-or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism Any leukodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLR3B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013756 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, primary, autosomal recessive, 2 Any primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLCO2A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021021 biolink:NamedThing craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024546 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, primary, autosomal recessive, 1 Any primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HPGD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007209 biolink:NamedThing Weismann-Netter syndrome Weismann-Netter syndrome is a rare, genetic, primary, bent bone dysplasia characterized by anterior diaphyseal bowing of the tibia and fibula, broadening of the fibula, posterior cortical thickening of both bones and short stature. Additional skeletal abnormalities include scoliosis with marked lumbar lordosis, horizontal sacrum and square iliac wings and/or, less frequently, vertebral malformations, abnormal shape of the clavicles and ribs, calvarial hyperostosis and delayed eruption of permanent teeth. Delayed ambulation is also frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019698 biolink:NamedThing bent bone dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008196 biolink:NamedThing parastremmatic dwarfism Parastremmatic dwarfism is a very rare chondrodysplasia characterized by severe dwarfism, kyphoscoliosis, stiffness of large joints and distortion of lower limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008881 biolink:NamedThing kyphomelic dysplasia Kyphomelic dysplasia is a prenatal skeletal disease that causes dwarfism characterized bythe following: a disproportionately short stature with a short narrow chest,shortening and bending (bowing)of the limbs, flared irregular metaphyses of the bones, and characteristicfacial features.Bone changes are said to improve with age.Kyphomelic dysplasia is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Recent studies indicate that Kyphomelic dysplasia is no longerconsidered it's ownentity and that individual cases should be further evaluated andre-classified as another existing chondrodysplasias, such as Schwartz-Jampel syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008882 biolink:NamedThing congenital bowing of long bones Long bone bowing is a congenital condition described by the presence of symmetric or asymmetric angular deformity and shortening of the long bones, particularly the femurs, tibiae and ulnae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017927 biolink:NamedThing severe lateral tibial bowing with short stature Severe lateral tibial bowing with short stature is a rare, genetic, primary bent bone dysplasia characterized by significant, uni-/bilateral, lateral tibial bowing localized to the distal two-thirds of the tibia, with respective cortical thickening and thinning of the inner and outer tibial curve, loss of normal trabecular bone, bilateral abnormalities of the tibial epiphyses and growth plates, as well as foot abnormalities, including abnormally high arches. Affected individuals have short stature with absence of other skeletal abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031615 biolink:NamedThing familial bent bone dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800043 biolink:NamedThing Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome 1 A rare autosomal recessive congenital primary skeletal dysplasia, characterized by small stature, bowing of the long bones, camptodactyly, hyperthermic episodes, respiratory distress/apneic episodes and feeding difficulties that usually lead to early mortality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007212 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly-long thumb syndrome Brachydactyly - long thumb syndrome is a very rare autosomal dominant heart-hand syndrome that is characterized by bisymmetric brachydactyly accompanied by long thumbs, joint anomalies (restriction of motion at the shoulder and metacarpophalangeal joints) and cardiac conduction defects. Additional features include small hands and feet, clinodactyly, narrow shoulders with short clavicles, pectus excavatum and mild shortness of the limbs, cardiomegaly and murmur of pulmonic stenosis.It has been described in four family members from three generations, with no new cases having been reported since 1981. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012137 biolink:NamedThing Carney complex - trismus - pseudocamptodactyly syndrome Carney complex-trismus-pseudocamptodactyly syndrome is a rare genetic heart-hand syndrome characterized by typical manifestations of the Carney complex (spotty pigmentation of the skin, familial cardiac and cutaneous myxomas and endocrinopathy) associated with trismus and distal arthrogryposis (presenting as involuntary contraction of distal and proximal interphalangeal joints of hands evident only on dorsiflexion of wrist and similar lower-limb contractures producing foot deformities). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007213 biolink:NamedThing Ballard syndrome Ballard syndrome is characterized by hypoplasia of the distal phalanges of the ulnar side of the hand and shortening of one or more metacarpals. In contrast to brachydactyly type E, patients with Ballard syndrome have normal stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007217 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007218 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A4 Brachydactyly type A4 (BDA4) is a congenital malformation characterized by brachymesophalangy affecting mainly the 2nd and the 5th digit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007219 biolink:NamedThing Osebold-Remondini syndrome A brachymesophalangy with mesomelic short limbs, and carpal and tarsal bone abnormalities. In general, the affected individuals are of slightly short stature and normal intelligence. The syndrome has been described in a kindred with seven affected members from three generations. Transmission appears to be autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007249 biolink:NamedThing camptobrachydactyly Camptobrachydactyly is an extremely rare brachydactyly syndrome, characterized by short broad hands and feet with brachydactyly associated with congenital flexion contractures of the proximal and/or distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers, as well as syndactyly of feet. Polydactyly, septate vagina and urinary incontinence were also occasionally reported. Camptobrachydactyly has been described in 18 members of 1 family, suggesting an autosomal dominant inheritance. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1972. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011757 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A1B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014032 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A1C Any brachydactyly type A1 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014798 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A1D Any brachydactyly type A1 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BMPR1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017424 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic brachydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019676 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type B A condition characterized by incomplete development (hypoplasia) or absence of the outermost bones of the fingers and toes (distal phalanges) and nails. Additional features may include hypoplasia of the middle phalanges, fusion of the joints (symphalangism), broad thumbs, and webbed fingers (syndactyly). The feet are often less severely affected than the hands. There are 2 types of this condition, designated as type 1 and 2. BDB type 1 is caused by mutations in the ROR2 gene. BDB type 2 is caused by mutations in the NOG gene. Inheritance of both types is autosomal dominant. Treatment may include surgery if the condition affects hand function, or for cosmetic reasons. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019677 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type E Brachydactyly type E (BDE) is a congenital malformation of the digits characterized by variable shortening of the metacarpals with more or less normal length phalanges, although the terminal phalanges are often short. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019678 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A5 Brachydactyly type A5 (BDA5) is a very rare congenital malformation of the digits characterized by absence of the middle phalanges (usually of digits 2 to 5), nail dysplasia and duplicated terminal phalanx of the thumb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019679 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A7 Brachydactyly type A7 (Smorgasbord type) is a form of brachydactyly that presents with the characteristic features of brachydactyly type A2 (shortening of the middle phalanges of the index finger and, sometimes, of the little finger) and type D (shortening of the distal phalanx of the thumb) plus various additional features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020701 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly type A1A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021994 biolink:NamedThing Berk-Tabatznik syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008703 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia 2A An autosomal recessively inherited form of acromesomelic dysplasia characterized by severe dwarfism at birth, abnormalities confined to limbs, severe shortening and deformity of long bones, fusion or absence of carpal and tarsal bones, ball shaped fingers and, occasionally, polydactyly and absent joints. As seen in acromesomelic dysplasia, Hunter-Thomson type and acromesomelic dysplasia, Maroteaux Type, facial features and intelligence are normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008717 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia 2C, Hunter-Thompson type Acromesomelic dysplasia, Hunter-Thomson type is an autosomal recessively inherited form of acromesomelic dysplasia characterized by severe dwarfism (adult height approximately 120 cm) with abnormalities limited to the limbs (affecting the lower limbs more than upper limbs, with middle and distal segments being the most affected), severe shortening, absence or fusion of tubular bones of hands and feet and large joint dislocations. As seen in acromesomelic dysplasia, Grebe type and acromesomelic dysplasia, Maroteaux type, facial features and intelligence are normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011275 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia 1, Maroteaux type A rare autosomal recessive acromesomelic dysplasia characterized by severe dwarfism (adult height >120 cm), both axial and appendicular involvement (shortening of the middle and distal segments of limbs and vertebral shortening), and with normal facial appearance and intelligence. It is a less severe form than acromesomelic dysplasia, Grebe type and acromesomelic dysplasia, Hunter-Thomson type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012274 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021805 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia, Campailla Martinelli type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030553 biolink:NamedThing acromesomelic dysplasia 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007224 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly, type E, with atrial septal defect, type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007794 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 7 with or without anosmia A hypogonadotropic hypogonadism that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the GNRHR gene on chromosome 4q13, sometimes in association with mutation in another gene. No patients with anosmia have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009419 biolink:NamedThing Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome is a multisystemic disorder characterized by hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, intellectual deficit and extrapyramidal signs with choreoathetoid movements and dystonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016384 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-frontoparietal alopecia syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and frontoparietal alopecia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016386 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (with primary amenorrhea and lack of secondary sexual development) and retinitis pigmentosa. It has been described in two sisters born to nonconsanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016393 biolink:NamedThing hyposmia-nasal and ocular hypoplasia-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of severe nasal hypoplasia, hypoplasia of the eyes, hyposmia, hypogeusia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016553 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism A congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016819 biolink:NamedThing Moebius syndrome-axonal neuropathy-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism syndrome This syndrome is characterized by the association of MC6bius syndrome (congenital facial palsy with impaired ocular abduction) with peripheral axonal neuropathy and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019505 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelination-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-hypodontia syndrome Hypomyelination-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-hypodontia syndrome is characterised by the association of demyelinating leukodystrophy with progressive cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and hypodontia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013360 biolink:NamedThing brachyolmia, Maroteaux type Autosomal recessive brachyolmia, Maroteaux type is a relatively mild form of brachyolmia, a group of rare genetic skeletal disorders, characterized by short trunk/short stature, generalized platyspondyly and rounding of vertebral bodies. It remains unknown whether the phenotype represents a single disease entity or a heterogeneous group of mild skeletal dysplasias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018240 biolink:NamedThing TRPV4-related bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007986 biolink:NamedThing metatropic dysplasia Metatropic dysplasia (MTD) is a rare spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by a long trunk and short limbs in infancy followed by severe and progressive kyphoscoliosis causing a reversal in proportions during childhood (short trunk and long limbs) and a final short stature in adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008473 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Maroteaux type A very rare type of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia described in fewer than 10 patients to date and characterized clinically by dysplastic epiphyses, short stature appearing in infancy, short neck, short and stubby hands and feet, scoliosis, genu valgum, abnormal pelvis, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008477 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Kozlowski type Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Kozlowski type is characterized by short stature (short-trunk dwarfism), scoliosis, metaphyseal abnormalities in the femur (prominent in the femoral neck and trochanteric area), coxa vara and generalized platyspondyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015376 biolink:NamedThing first branchial cleft anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015377 biolink:NamedThing third branchial cleft anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015378 biolink:NamedThing fourth branchial cleft anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015383 biolink:NamedThing cervicofacial fibrochondroma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015410 biolink:NamedThing nasal dorsum fistula/cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015477 biolink:NamedThing pinnae fistula or cyst Pinnae fistula or cyst is a rare otorhinolaryngological malformation characterized by the presence of a, usually unilateral, sinus tract or cyst located in the vicinity of the auricle (most frequently identified by a small pit near the anterior margin of the first ascending portion of the helix). Typically, patients are asymptomatic and usually only present symptoms (pain, erythema, discharge from pit) in relation to infection. Renal and inner ear anomalies may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007236 biolink:NamedThing branchiootorenal syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012575 biolink:NamedThing branchiootorenal syndrome 2 Any branchio-oto-renal syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SIX5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015854 biolink:NamedThing supernumerary breasts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007238 biolink:NamedThing amastia Absence of one or both mammary glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014450 biolink:NamedThing breasts and/or nipples, aplasia or hypoplasia of, 2 Any isolated congenital breast hypoplasia/aplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTPRF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100490 biolink:NamedThing breasts and/or nipples, aplasia or hypoplasia of, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007239 biolink:NamedThing epidermolytic ichthyosis A rare keratinopathic ichthyosis (KPI), that is characterized by a blistering phenotype at birth which progressively becomes hyperkeratotic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017266 biolink:NamedThing keratinopathic ichthyosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007808 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis hystrix of Curth-Macklin Ichthyosis hystrix of Curth-Macklin (IHCM) is a rare type of keratinopathic ichthyosis that is characterized by the presence of severe hyperkeratotic lesions and palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007809 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis hystrix gravior DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007813 biolink:NamedThing superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis Superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis (SEI) is a rare keratinopathic ichthyosis (KI) characterized by the presence of superficial blisters and erosions at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044656 biolink:NamedThing epidermolytic nevus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007701 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial heart block type II DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011474 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial heart block type IB Any progressive familial heart block in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRPM4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018813 biolink:NamedThing high grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and/ or BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008970 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia Blomstrand type Blomstrand lethal chondrodysplasia (BLC) is a neonatal osteosclerotic dysplasia characterized by advanced endochondral bone maturation, very short limbs, dwarfism and prenatal lethality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009821 biolink:NamedThing lethal osteosclerotic bone dysplasia Generalized osteosclerosis with periosteal bone formation, characteristic facial dysmorphism, brain abnormalities including intracerebral calcifications, and neonatal lethal course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011051 biolink:NamedThing lethal short-limb skeletal dysplasia, Al Gazali type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011217 biolink:NamedThing desmosterolosis Desmosterolosis is a very rare sterol biosynthesis disorder characterized by multiple congenital anomalies, failure to thrive, and intellectual disability, with elevated levels of desmosterol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016357 biolink:NamedThing dysplastic cortical hyperostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009165 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 1 Any Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TREX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012429 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 2 Any Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNASEH2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012471 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 3 Any Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNASEH2C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012472 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 4 Any Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNASEH2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013059 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 5 Any Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SAMHD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014007 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 6 Any Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADAR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014367 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 7 Any Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFIH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030361 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 8 A type I interferonopathy characterized by severe developmental delay and progressive neurologic deterioration ending in premature death. Brain imaging shows diffusely abnormal white matter, severe cerebral atrophy, and intracranial calcification. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030362 biolink:NamedThing Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 9 A type I interferonopathy characterized by severe developmental delay and progressive neurologic deterioration. Patients present in infancy with irritability and spasticity. Brain imaging shows diffusely abnormal white matter, cerebral atrophy, and intracranial calcification. Premature death has been associated with renal and/or hepatic failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007248 biolink:NamedThing hereditary painful callosities Hereditary painful callosities is a nummular palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by the development of painful keratotic lesions over pressure points in hands and feet. A few families have been described. Transmission is autosomal dominant. Successful analgesia can be obtained with tretinoin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017673 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal palmoplantar keratoderma A focal palmoplantar keratoderma that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013073 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma, nonepidermolytic, focal 1 Any nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT16 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014622 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal non-epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018252 biolink:NamedThing focal palmoplantar keratoderma with joint keratoses DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018865 biolink:NamedThing striate palmoplantar keratoderma Striate palmoplantar keratoderma is an isolated, focal, hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by linear hyperkeratosis along the flexor aspect of the fingers and on palms, as well as focal hyperkeratosis of the plantar skin. Patients present with painful thickening of the skin on palms and soles, with occasional fissuring, blistering and hyperhidrosis. Rarely, hyperkeratosis on other areas may be seen (knees, dorsal aspects of the digits). Histopatologically, widened intercellular spaces between keratinocytes are observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007250 biolink:NamedThing camptodactyly of fingers Camptodactyly of fingers is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic, congenital limb malformation characterized by a painless, non-traumatic, non-neurogenic, often bilateral, permanent flexion contracture at the proximal interphalangeal joint of a postaxial finger, resulting in permanent volar inclination of the affected digit. The fifth finger is always involved, but additional digits might also be affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017428 biolink:NamedThing congenital deformities of fingers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017461 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated clinodactyly of fingers Familial isolated clinodactyly of fingers is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic, congenital limb malformation characterized by angulation of a digit in the radio-ulnar (coronal) plane, away from the axis of joint flexion-extension, in several members of a single family with no other associated manifestations. Deviation is usually bilateral and commonly involves the fifth finger. Affected digits present trapezoidal or delta-shaped phalanges on imaging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009302 biolink:NamedThing XY type gonadal dysgenesis-associated anomalies syndrome Gonadal dysgenesis with multiple anomalies is an association syndrome described only once in two sisters aged 1 1/2 and 8 1/2 years. They had a 46,XY karyotype, cleft lip and palate, preauricular pits, and a 'squashed down' appearance because of a short columella and small nares. Other anomalies included broad hands and feet, and a hypermuscular appearance. Cardiac, renal, musculoskeletal, and ectodermal anomalies were also present. Ectodermal defects included 'punched out scalp defects' and unusual positioning of hair whorls. They also had short stature, streak gonads, and mild developmental delay. The mode of inheritance is most likely autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010268 biolink:NamedThing X-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia X-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia (XLAG) is a severe neurological disorder that only manifests in genotypic males and includes lissencephaly with posterior-to-anterior gradient and only moderate increase in thickness of the cortex, absent corpus callosum, neonatal-onset severe epilepsy, hypothalamic dysfunction including defective temperature regulation, and ambiguous genitalia with micropenis and cryptorchidism. XLAG differs considerably from classical lissencephaly, as the resulting cortical thickness is only 6-7 mm in XLAG, rather than 15-20 mm seen in classical lissencephaly due to mutations of the PAFAH1B1 or DCX genes. In 2002, mutations in the X-linked aristaless-related homeobox gene (ARX ; Xp21.3) were identified in individuals with XLAG and in some of their female relatives. Mouse Arx and human ARX are highly expressed in both dorsal and ventral telencephalon, including the neocortical ventricular zone and germinal zone of the ganglionic eminence, with less intense signals in the subventricular zone, cortical plate, hippocampus, basal ganglia and ventral thalamus. Arx-deficient mice showed deficient tangential migration and abnormal differentiation of GABAergic interneurons in the ganglionic eminence and neocortex, as well as abnormal testicular differentiation. These characteristics include some of the clinical features of XLAG in humans. The ARX mutations in XLAG patients were predominantly premature termination mutations (large deletions, frameshift, nonsense mutations, splice site mutations) while the missense mutations were less common and located essentially in the homeobox domain. Patients carrying nonconservative missense mutations within the homeobox, showed less severe XLAG, while conservative substitution in the homeodomain caused Proud syndrome (ACC with abnormal genitalia). A non conservative missense mutation near the C-terminal aristaless domain caused unusually severe XLAG with microcephaly and mild cerebellar hypoplasia. The ARX mutations are also associated with a spectrum of milder phenotypes, without macroscopic malformations of the brain, such as X-linked infantile spasms, a syndrome featuring mental retardation associated with distal dystonic movements (Partington syndrome), autistic features and nonsyndromicintellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010271 biolink:NamedThing X-linked myotubular myopathy-abnormal genitalia syndrome X-linked myotubular myopathy-abnormal genitalia syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly, partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome X, characterized by a combination of clinical manifestations of X-linked myotubular myopathy and a 46,XY disorder of sex development. Patients present with severe form of congenital myopathy and abnormal male genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010824 biolink:NamedThing disorder of sex development-intellectual disability syndrome A rare syndrome with 46,XY disorder of sex development characterized by variable degrees of intellectual disability, short stature, severe genital anomalies resulting in sexual ambiguity (such as pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias and persistence of Müllerian structures), and ocular anomalies (microphthalmia, coloboma). Craniofacial peculiarities (coarse features, deep set eyes), spina bifida, imperforate anus, and sensorineural hearing loss were also described. No new cases have been reported since 1994. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012164 biolink:NamedThing Meacham syndrome Meacham syndrome is a multiple malformation syndrome characterized by congenital diaphragmatic abnormalities, genital defects and cardiac malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015605 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 9p Distal monosomy 9p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 9, with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism (trigonocephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges), abnormal digits (long middle phalanges with short distal phalanges), as well as frequent association with genitourinary abnormalities (cryptorchidism, hypospadias, ambiguous genitalia, 46,XY testicular dysgenesis). Congenital hypothyroidism and cardiovascular defects have been reported in some cases. Patients present an increased risk for gonadoblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017966 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of gonadal development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017969 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of sex development of endocrine origin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043120 biolink:NamedThing male pseudohermaphroditism due to defective lh molecule DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007257 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis, familial, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009534 biolink:NamedThing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to inhibition of lymphoblastic transformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009536 biolink:NamedThing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to intrinsic defect in lymphoblastic transformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009540 biolink:NamedThing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to lymphokine deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009645 biolink:NamedThing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to monocyte chemotactic disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011880 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis, familial, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013140 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis, familial, 4 Any familial chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLEC7A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013500 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 51 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013503 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis, familial, 6 Any familial chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL17F gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013599 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune enteropathy and endocrinopathy - susceptibility to chronic infections syndrome Autoimmune enteropathy and endocrinopathy-susceptibility to chronic infections syndrome is an extremely rare, autosomal dominant immunological disorder characterized by variable enteropathy, endocrine disorders (e.g. type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism), immune dysregulation with pulmonary and blood-borne bacterial infections, and fungal infections (chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis) developing in infancy. Other manifestations include short stature, eczema, hepatosplenomegaly, delayed puberty, and osteoporosis/osteopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014230 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis, familial, 8 Any chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRAF3IP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014642 biolink:NamedThing candidiasis, familial, 9 Any chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL17RC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009054 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2, classic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013115 biolink:NamedThing RIN2 syndrome RIN2 syndrome, formerly known as macrocephaly, alopecia, cutis laxa and scoliosis (MACS) syndrome, is a very rare inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by macrocephaly, sparse scalp hair, soft-redundant and hyperextensible skin, joint hypermobility, and scoliosis. Patients have progressive facial coarsening with downslanted palpebral fissures, upper eyelid fullness/infraorbital folds, thick/everted vermillion, gingival overgrowth and abnormal position of the teeth. Rarer manifestations such as abnormal high-pitched voice, bronchiectasis, hypergonadotropic hypergonadism and brachydactyly have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013755 biolink:NamedThing PYCR1-related de Barsy syndrome Any de Barsy syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PYCR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030337 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type 2E DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007265 biolink:NamedThing cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 1 Any cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRAF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014112 biolink:NamedThing cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 2 Any cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRAS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014113 biolink:NamedThing cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 3 Any cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAP2K1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014114 biolink:NamedThing cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 4 Any cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAP2K2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007266 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 2 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNNT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024573 biolink:NamedThing familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in the genes encoding components of the sarcomere, in the absence of predisposing conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007267 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 3 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TPM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007268 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 4 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the MYBPC3 gene, encoding MYBPC3 protein. It is characterized by severe neonatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008647 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008918 biolink:NamedThing carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) deficiency is a life-threatening, inherited disorder of fatty acid oxidation which usually presents in the neonatal period with severe hypoketotic hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, cardiomyopathy and/or arrhythmia, hepatic dysfunction, skeletal muscle weakness, and encephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010946 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 6 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKAG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011094 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1C A dilated cardiomyopathy that has material basis in mutation in the LDB3 gene on chromosome 10q23.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011843 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 25 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCAP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012111 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 8 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012112 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 10 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012799 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 11 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012804 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 12 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CSRP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013195 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 13 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNNC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013197 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 14 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013200 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 15 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VCL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013369 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 7 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNNI3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013412 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013455 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 16 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYOZ2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013474 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 17 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the JPH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013475 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 18 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013476 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 19 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CALR3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013477 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 20 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NEXN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013852 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 21 A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated that has material basis in region 7p12.1-q21 variation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014883 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 26 Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FLNC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020531 biolink:NamedThing long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency A genetic disorder characterized by deficiency of the enzyme long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase that metabolizes long-chain fatty acids. Signs and symptoms appear in infancy or childhood and may be triggered during fasting, illness or exercise. They include hypoglycemia, muscle weakness and lethargy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030317 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 28 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054838 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic 27 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800347 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 23, with or without ventricular noncompaction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800371 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial restrictive, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015470 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy is a rare, genetically heterogeneous cardiac disease characterized by dilatation leading to systolic and diastolic dysfunction of the left and/or right ventricles, causing heart failure or arrhythmia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010542 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 3B Any dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DMD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010951 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1B A dilated cardiomyopathy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 9q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011095 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1D Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNNT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011400 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011425 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1H A dilated cardiomyopathy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2q14-q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011482 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1I Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DES gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011567 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1K A dilated cardiomyopathy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 6q12-q16. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011702 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1L Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SGCD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011840 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1M Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CSRP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012062 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1O Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCC9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012362 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1P Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012364 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1Q A dilated cardiomyopathy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 7q22.3-q31.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012667 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1W Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VCL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012704 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1X Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FKTN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012744 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1Y Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TPM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012745 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1Z Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNNC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012746 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 2A A dilated cardiomyopathy that has material basis in mutation in the TNNI3 gene on chromosome 19q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012808 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1AA Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013030 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1BB Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013147 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1CC Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NEXN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013168 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1DD Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RBM20 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013198 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1EE Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013211 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1FF A dilated cardiomyopathy that has material basis in mutation in the TNNI3 gene on chromosome 19q13.42. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013261 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1R Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013262 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1S Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013339 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1GG Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013371 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1U Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PSEN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013373 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1V Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PSEN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013479 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1HH Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BAG3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013848 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 2B Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GATAD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014073 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1II Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYAB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014095 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1JJ Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LAMA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014152 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 8 Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRDM16 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014163 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 10 Any left ventricular noncompaction in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYBPC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014396 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN Any familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007270 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial restrictive, 1 Any familial isolated restrictive cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNNI3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019150 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated restrictive cardiomyopathy Familial restrictive cardiomyopathy is a genetic form of heart disease, in which the heart muscle is stiff and cannot fully relax after each contraction. Impaired muscle relaxation causes blood to back up in the atria and lungs, which reduces the amount of blood in the ventricles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012306 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial restrictive, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012900 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial restrictive, 3 Any familial isolated restrictive cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNNT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007272 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hypercarotenemia and vitamin A deficiency Hereditary hypercarotenemia and vitamin A deficiency is an extremely rare metabolic disorder characterized clinically by skin discoloration, elevated levels of carotene and low levels of vitamin A described in fewer than 5 patients to date. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017760 biolink:NamedThing disorder of other vitamins and cofactors metabolism and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010187 biolink:NamedThing vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, combined deficiency of, type 1 Combined vitamin K-dependent clotting factors deficiency (VKCFD) is a congenital bleeding disorder resulting from variably decreased levels of coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X, as well as natural anticoagulants protein C, protein S and protein Z. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014013 biolink:NamedThing maternal riboflavin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023757 biolink:NamedThing meralgia paresthetica Meralgia paresthetica is a condition characterized by tingling, numbness and burning pain in the outer thigh. These symptoms may become worse after walking or standing. The condition generally only affects one side of the body, although both sides may be involved in up to 20% of cases. Meralgia paresthetica is caused by compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (a sensory nerve to the skin on the outer thigh). This may be associated with a variety of causes such as tight clothing, obesity, and/or pregnancy. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person and may include medications to manage pain. In most cases, conservative treatment by wearing looser clothing and/or losing weight generally resolves symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007278 biolink:NamedThing cataract 32 multiple types A cataract that has material basis in mutation in the region 14q22-q23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007280 biolink:NamedThing cataract 8 multiple types A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 1pter-p36.13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007283 biolink:NamedThing cataract 42 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYBA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007284 biolink:NamedThing cataract 20 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYGS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007288 biolink:NamedThing cataract 6 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPHA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007289 biolink:NamedThing cataract 13 with adult I phenotype A cataract that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the GCNT2 gene on chromosome 6p24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007290 biolink:NamedThing cataract 5 multiple types Any cataract (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HSF4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008925 biolink:NamedThing cataract 46 juvenile-onset Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LEMD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010544 biolink:NamedThing cataract 40 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NHS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010948 biolink:NamedThing cataract 10 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYBA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011162 biolink:NamedThing cataract 14 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJA3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011430 biolink:NamedThing pulverulent cataract A cataract that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the CRYGC gene on chromosome 2q33. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011547 biolink:NamedThing cataract 31 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHMP4B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011591 biolink:NamedThing cataract 26 multiple types A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 9q13-q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012336 biolink:NamedThing cataract 22 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYBB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012437 biolink:NamedThing cataract 21 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012489 biolink:NamedThing cataract 23 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYBA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012527 biolink:NamedThing cataract 11 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PITX3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012665 biolink:NamedThing cataract 33 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BFSP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012688 biolink:NamedThing cataract 17 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYBB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013859 biolink:NamedThing cataract 38 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AGK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014075 biolink:NamedThing cataract 39 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYGB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014110 biolink:NamedThing cataract 15 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MIP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014111 biolink:NamedThing cataract 19 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LIM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014565 biolink:NamedThing cataract 43 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UNC45B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014673 biolink:NamedThing cataract 44 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LSS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014799 biolink:NamedThing cataract 45 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SIPA1L3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020377 biolink:NamedThing early-onset partial cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021548 biolink:NamedThing total early-onset cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007279 biolink:NamedThing cataract 7 A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 17q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020374 biolink:NamedThing cerulean cataract Cerulean cataract is a type of hereditary congenital cataract distinguished by bluish and white opacifications in the superficial layers of the fetal lens nucleus and adult lens nucleus and characterized by reduced visual acuity in childhood, eventually necessitating extraction of the lens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013744 biolink:NamedThing cataract 37 A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 12q24.2-q24.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007282 biolink:NamedThing cataract 29 A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 2pter-p24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020375 biolink:NamedThing coralliform cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007286 biolink:NamedThing cataract 30 A cataract that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the VIM gene on chromosome 10p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018610 biolink:NamedThing early-onset posterior subcapsular cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020373 biolink:NamedThing early-onset anterior polar cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020379 biolink:NamedThing early-onset zonular cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007287 biolink:NamedThing cataract 41 Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WFS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020376 biolink:NamedThing early-onset nuclear cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011808 biolink:NamedThing cataract 27 A cataract that has material basis in mutation in the region 2p12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012260 biolink:NamedThing cataract 35 A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 19q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021957 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic congenital nuclear cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007293 biolink:NamedThing leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1 Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD-I) is a form of LAD characterized by life-threatening, recurrent bacterial infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009953 biolink:NamedThing leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II (LAD-II) is a form of LAD characterized by recurrent bacterial infections, severe growth delay and severe intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013016 biolink:NamedThing leukocyte adhesion deficiency 3 Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LAD-III) is a form of LAD characterized by both severe bacterial infections and a severe bleeding disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007294 biolink:NamedThing central core myopathy An autosomal dominant congenital disorder affecting the skeletal muscles. Microscopically, it is characterized by disorganized areas, which are called cores, seen usually in the center of the muscle fibers. Clinically it presents as mild to severe muscle weakness. It may be associated with skeletal abnormalities including scoliosis, joint deformities, and hip dislocation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013890 biolink:NamedThing congenital myopathy with internal nuclei and atypical cores Congenital myopathy with internal nuclei and atypical cores is a rare genetic skeletal muscle disease characterized by neonatal hypotonia, distal more than proximal muscle weakness, progressive exercise intolerance with prominent myalgias, and mild-to-moderate overall motor impairment with preserved ambulation. Face, extraocular, cardiac, and respiratory muscles are unaffected. Mild cognitive impairment is also noted in most patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013061 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 6 Selcen type muscular dystrophy is characterized by progressive limb and axial muscle weakness associated with cardiomyopathy and severe respiratory insufficiency during adolescence. The disease manifests during childhood and progresses rapidly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014922 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 7 Any myofibrillar myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KY gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014993 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 8 Any myofibrillar myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PYROXD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030927 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033620 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044647 biolink:NamedThing kyphosis-lateral tongue atrophy-myofibrillar myopathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009711 biolink:NamedThing congenital fiber-type disproportion myopathy A rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TPM3, ACTA1, RYR1 or SEPN1 genes. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive pattern and rarely in an X-linked pattern. It manifests with myopathy throughout the body, particularly in the muscles of the shoulders, upper arms, hips, and thighs. Affected individuals may have contractures, lordosis, or scoliosis. In a minority of cases mild to severe breathing problems may occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009712 biolink:NamedThing congenital multicore myopathy with external ophthalmoplegia An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the RYR1 gene, encoding ryanodine receptor 1. It may be characterized clinically by neonatal hypotonia, delayed motor development, and generalized muscle weakness, and amyotrophy. Pathologically, the absence of mitochondria and focal disorganization of the sarcomere appear as "minicores" on ATPase staining as a result of focal defects in oxidative activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018528 biolink:NamedThing congenital myopathy with myasthenic-like onset Congenital myopathy with myasthenic-like onset is a rare, genetic, non-dystrophic myopathy characterized by fatigable muscle weakness associated with congenital myopathy. Patients present with axial hypotonia, myopathic facies with fatigable ptosis, feeding difficulties, delayed gross motor development and proximal limb weakness with a RYR1-related typical pattern of muscle involvement (i.e. severe involvement of the soleus muscle and sparring of the rectus femoris, sartorius, gracilis and semitendinous muscles). Scoliosis and frequent respiratory tract infections are additional observed features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012240 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 4 Any nemaline myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TPM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007296 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 31 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 31 (SCA31) is a very rare subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III (ADCA type III) characterized by the late-onset of cerebral ataxia, dysarthria and horizontal gaze nystagmus, and that is occasionally accompanied by pyramidal signs, tremor, decreased vibration sense and hearing difficulties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010848 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5) is a rare subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III (ADCA type III) characterized by the early-onset of cerebellar signs with eye movement abnormalities and a very slow disease progression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011464 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11) is a subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III (ADCA type III) characterized by the early-onset of cerebellar signs, eye movement abnormalities and pyramidal signs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012246 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 26 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 26 (SCA26) is a very rare subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III (ADCA type III) characterized by late-onset and slowly progressive cerebellar signs (gait ataxia) and eye movement abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013241 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 30 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 30 (SCA30) is a very rare subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III (ADCA type III) characterized by a slowly progressive and relatively pure ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014417 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 38 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 38 (SCA38) is a subtype of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 3 characterized by the adult-onset (average age: 40 years) of truncal ataxia, gait disturbance and gaze-evoked nystagmus. The disease is slowly progressive with dysarthria and limb ataxia following. Additional manifestations include diplopia and axonal neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014626 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 41 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 41 is a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III disorder characterized by adult-onset progressive imbalance and loss of coordination associated with an ataxic gait. Mild atrophy of the cerebellar vermis has been reported on brain magnetic resonance imaging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014776 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 42 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033480 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 45 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007299 biolink:NamedThing Sotos syndrome 1 Any Sotos syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NSD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013885 biolink:NamedThing Malan overgrowth syndrome Malan overgrowth syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by moderate postnatal overgrowth, macrocephaly, craniofacial dysmorphism (including high forehead and anterior hairline, downslanting palpebral fissures, prominent chin), developmental delay, and intellectual disability. Additional variable manifestations include unusual behavior, with or without autistic traits, as well as ocular (e.g. strabismus, nystagmus, optic disc pallor/hypoplasia), gastrointestinal (e.g. vomiting, chronic diarrhea, constipation), musculoskeletal (e.g. scoliosis and pectus excavatum), hand/foot (e.g. long, tapered fingers) and central nervous system (e.g. slightly enlarged ventricles) anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014951 biolink:NamedThing Sotos syndrome 3 Any Sotos syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the APC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800091 biolink:NamedThing overgrowth or tall stature syndrome with skeletal involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010515 biolink:NamedThing Meester-Loeys syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012131 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal undermodeling, spondylar dysplasia, and overgrowth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012212 biolink:NamedThing Loeys-Dietz syndrome 1 A rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by mutations in the TGFBR1 gene. It is characterized by vascular abnormalities (aortic and arterial aneurysms, aortic dissection, and tortuosity of the arteries), hypertelorism, bifid uvula, and early fusion of the skull bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012427 biolink:NamedThing Loeys-Dietz syndrome 2 A rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder of connective tissue caused by mutations in either the TGFBR1 or TGFBR2 gene. Like Loeys-Dietz syndrome type I the disease is characterized by enlargement of the aorta and other arteries, and arterial tortuosity, but skeletal signs are typically less severe or absent in type 2. Skin abnormalities, such as velvety skin are often present in type 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013426 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm-osteoarthritis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013897 biolink:NamedThing Loeys-Dietz syndrome 4 Any Loeys-Dietz syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TGFB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014262 biolink:NamedThing Rienhoff syndrome Loeys-Dietz syndrome-5 (LDS5), also known as Rienhoff (pronounced REENhoff) syndrome, is characterized by syndromic presentation of aortic aneurysms involving the thoracic and/or abdominal aorta, with risk of dissection and rupture. Other systemic features include cleft palate, bifid uvula, mitral valve disease, skeletal overgrowth, cervical spine instability, and clubfoot deformity; however, not all clinical features occur in all patients. In contrast to other forms of LDS, no striking aortic or arterial tortuosity is present in these patients, and there is no strong evidence for early aortic dissection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014791 biolink:NamedThing Luscan-Lumish syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034676 biolink:NamedThing overgrowth syndrome with 2q37 translocation A rare overgrowth syndrome with skeletal involvement characterized by long and slim body habitus and multiple skeletal manifestations, such as scoliosis, macrodactyly of the big toes, arachnodactyly of fingers and toes, camptodactyly and clinodactyly, and progressive valgus deformities of the feet. Epimetaphyseal dysplasia, bowing of the tibiae, and dysmorphic facial features (hypertelorism, high palate, or micrognathia), as well as aortic root dilatation and umbilical hernia have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007300 biolink:NamedThing cerebral sarcoma A sarcoma involving a telencephalon. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007306 biolink:NamedThing Klippel-Feil syndrome 1, autosomal dominant Any isolated Klippel-Feil syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007389 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis 5 Any spondylocostal dysostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBX6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008958 biolink:NamedThing Klippel-Feil syndrome 2, autosomal recessive Any isolated Klippel-Feil syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MEOX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011946 biolink:NamedThing diaphanospondylodysostosis Diaphanospondylodysostosis is characterized by absent ossification of the vertebral bodies and sacrum associated with variable anomalies. It has been described in less than ten patients from different families. Manifestations include a short neck, a short wide thorax, a reduced number of ribs, a narrow pelvis, and inconstant anomalies such as myelomeningocele, cystic kidneys with nephrogenic rests, and cleft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012097 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis 2, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012349 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis 3, autosomal recessive Any autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LFNG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013228 biolink:NamedThing spondylo-megaepiphyseal-metaphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013366 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis 4, autosomal recessive Any autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HES7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013375 biolink:NamedThing Klippel-Feil syndrome 3, autosomal dominant Any isolated Klippel-Feil syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014694 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis 6, autosomal recessive Any autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RIPPLY2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020692 biolink:NamedThing spondylocostal dysostosis 1, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060554 biolink:NamedThing vertebral, cardiac, renal, and limb defects syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060555 biolink:NamedThing vertebral, cardiac, renal, and limb defects syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016520 biolink:NamedThing isolated Klippel-Feil syndrome Klippel-Feil Syndrome is characterised by improper segmentation of cervical segments resulting in congenitally fused cervical vertebrae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007307 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B A sensorineural peripheral polyneuropathy affecting approximately 1 in 2,500 individuals, and is the most common inherited disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked forms have been recognized. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011909 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate D Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type D is a rare hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by intermediate motor median nerve conduction velocities (usually between 25 and 45 m/s) and signs of both axonal degeneration and demyelination without onion bulbs in nerve biopsies. It presents with usual Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease clinical features of variable severity (progressive muscle weakness and atrophy of the distal extremities, distal sensory loss, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes, and feet deformities). Other findings in some of the families include debilitating neuropathic pain and mild postural/kinetic upper limb tremor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011889 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2I Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2I (CMT2I) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, characterized by a late onset with severe sensory loss (paresthesia and hypoesthesia) associated with distal weakness, mainly of the legs, and absent or reduced deep tendon reflexes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011903 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2J Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2J (CMT2J) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, characterized by a relatively late onset, pupillary abnormalities and deafness, in most patients, associated with distal weakness and muscle atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019011 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1) is a group of autosomal dominant demyelinating peripheral neuropathies characterized by distal weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, foot deformities, and slow nerve conduction velocity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007309 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) is a type ofinherited neurological disorder that affects the peripheral nerves. Affected individuals experience weakness and wasting (atrophy) of the muscles of the lower legs beginning in adolescence; later they experience hand weakness and sensory loss. CMT1A is caused byhaving an extra copy (a duplication) of the PMP22 gene. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Treatment for this condition may include physical therapy ; occupational therapy ; braces and other orthopedic devices; orthopedic surgery;and pain medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007311 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1E A rare subtype of CMT1 characterized by a variable clinical presentation. Onset within the first two years of life with a delay in walking is not uncommon; however, onset may occur later. CMT1E is caused by point mutations in the PMP22 (17p12) gene. The disease severity depends on the particular PMP22 mutation, with some cases being very mild and even resembling hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies, while others having an earlier onset with a more severe phenotype (reminiscent of Dejerine-Sottas syndrome) than that seen in CMT1A, caused by gene duplication. These severe cases may also report deafness and much slower motor nerve conduction velocities compared to CMT1A patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010995 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1C Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LITAF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011890 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1D A form of CMT1, caused by mutations in the EGR2 gene (10q21.1), with a variable severity and age of onset (from infancy to adulthood), that usually presents with gait abnormalities, progressive wasting and weakness of distal limb muscles, with possible later involvement of proximal muscles, foot deformity and severe reduction in nerve conduction velocity. Additional features may include scoliosis, cranial nerve deficits such as diplopia, and bilateral vocal cord paresis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011902 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1F A form of CMT1, with a variable clinical presentation that can range from severe impairment with onset in childhood to mild impairment appearing during adulthood. CMT1F is characterized by a progressive peripheral motor and sensory neuropathy with distal paresis in the lower limbs that varies from mild weakness to complete paralysis of the distal muscle groups, absent tendon reflexes and reduced nerve conduction. CMT1F represents the ''demyelinating'' form of CMT2E and is caused by mutations in the NEFL gene (8p21.2).. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007308 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A1 Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A1 (CMT2A1) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. CMT2A presents with a more prominent muscle weakness in lower than upper limbs and frequent postural tremor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018993 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease characterized by abnormalities in the axon of the peripheral nerve cell. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010949 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B (CMT2B) is a severe form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. CMT2B onset, in the 2nd or 3rd decade, is characterized by ulcerations and infections of feet. Symmetric and distal weakness develops mostly in the legs together with a severe symmetric distal sensory loss, tendon reflexes are only reduced at ankles and foot deformities, including pes cavus or planus and hammer toes, appear in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011091 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D (CMT2D) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, characterized by distal weakness primarily and predominantly occurring in the upper limbs and tendon reflexes absent or reduced in the arms and decreased in the legs. Progression is slow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011569 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B1 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 2B1 (CMT2B1, also referred to as CMT4C1) is an axonal CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011570 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B2 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 2B2 (CMT2B2, also referred to as CMT4C3) is an axonal CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy that has been described in a large consanguineous Costa Rican family of Spanish ancestry. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011687 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2F Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2F (CMT2F) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. CMT2F is characterized by symmetric weakness primarily occurring in the lower limbs (distal muscles in a majority of cases) and reaching the arms only after 5 to 10 years, occasional and predominantly distal sensory loss and reduced tendon reflexes. CMT2F presents with gait anomaly between the 1st and 6th decade and early onset is generally associated to a more severe phenotype which may include foot drop. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011894 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2E Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2E (CMT2E) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. CMT2E onset is in the first to 6th decade with a gait anomaly and a leg weakness that reaches the arms secondarily. Tendon reflexes are reduced or absent and, after years, all patients have a pes cavus. Other signs may be present, including hearing loss and postural tremor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011901 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2H Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 2H (CMT2H, also referred to as CMT4C2) is an axonal CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy associated with pyramidal involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011916 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2K Autosomal recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with hoarseness (ARCMT2K or CMT4C4) is a severe early-onset form of axonal CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012096 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2L Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2L (CMT2L) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. In the single family reported to date, CMT2L onset is between 15 and 33 years. Patients present with a symmetric distal weakness of legs and occasionally of the hands, absent or reduced tendon reflexes, distal legs sensory loss and frequently a pes cavus. Progression is slow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012231 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2 Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2 (CMT2A2) is a subtype of Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 characterized by the childhood onset of distal weakness and areflexia (with earlier and more severe involvement of the lower extremities), reduced sensory modalities (primarily pain and temperature sensation), foot deformities, postural tremor, scoliosis and contractures. Optic atrophy, vocal cord palsy with dysphonia, sensorineural hearing loss, spinal cord abnormalities and hydrocephalus have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012411 biolink:NamedThing giant axonal neuropathy 2 Any giant axonal neuropathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DCAF8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013212 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2N Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2N (CMT2N) is a mild form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, characterized by distal legs sensory loss and weakness that can be asymmetric. Tendon reflexes are reduced in the knees and absent in ankles. Progression is slow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013644 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2O Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DYNC1H1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013753 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2P Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRSAM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014012 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2Q Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Q is a rare subtype of autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 characterized by adolescent to adulthood-onset of symmetrical, slowly progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy (with a predominant weakness of the distal lower limbs) associated with reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes, pes cavus and mild to moderated deep sensory impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014208 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2R Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRIM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014511 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2S Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IGHMBP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014566 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2U Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2U (CMT2U) is a subtype of autosonal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 characterized by late adult-onset (50-60 years of age) of slowly progressive, axonal, peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy resulting in distal upper limb and proximal and distal lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy, in conjunction with distal, panmodal sensory impairment in upper and lower limbs. Tendon reflexes are reduced and nerve conduction velocities range from reduced to absent. Neuropathic pain has also been associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014665 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2V Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NAGLU gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014711 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2W Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HARS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014726 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2X Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPG11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014735 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Y Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VCP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014736 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2Z Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MORC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014836 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2CC Any Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NEFH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014866 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2T A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the MME gene on chromosome 3q25. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016431 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2M Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2M (CMT2M) is a form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral motor and sensory neuropathy. CMT2M is characterized by congenital pstosis and early cataract associated to a mildly progressive peripheral neuropathy of variable onset from birth to the 6th decade, pes cavus, reduced to absent ankles tendon reflexes and sometimes neutropenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016454 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B5 A rare axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by infantile onset of slowly progressive distal motor weakness and atrophy (more severe in legs and moderate in arms) with mildly delayed motor development, hypotonia, and distal sensory impairment of all sensory modalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017940 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 due to KIF5A mutation Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 due to KIF5A mutation is a rare form of axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy characterized by classical CMT2 signs and symptoms (progressive weakness and atrophy of distal limb muscles, mild sensory deficits of position, vibration and pain/temperature, pes cavus, and symmetrically absent or reduced muscle and sensory action potentials with relatively preserved nerve conduction velocities in neurophysiological studies) as well as pyramidal tract involvement (spasticity, hyperreflexia). Spasticity and pain may be the presenting symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018567 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 due to TFG mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020558 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2K Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 2K (CMT2K) is an axonal CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032728 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2EE DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044625 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant charcot-marie-tooth disease type 2 due to DGAT2 mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044640 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2T DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044657 biolink:NamedThing MME-related autosomal dominant Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016950 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016840 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 17p Trisomy 17p is a rare chromosomal abnormality resulting from the duplication of the short arm of chromosome 17 and characterized by pre- and post-natal growth retardation, developmental delay, hypotonia, digital abnormalities, congenital heart defects, and distinctive facial features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007310 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Guadalajara neuronal type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007312 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with ptosis and parkinsonism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007790 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008451 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 1 An autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by juvenile onset, distal motor weakness without sensory impairment, and anterior horn cell degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014906 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, autosomal recessive, type 2a2b; An autosomal recessive sub-type of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease caused by compound heterozygous or homozygous mutation(s) in the MFN2 gene, encoding mitofusin-2. This condition is more severe and has an earlier onset as compared to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2A. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018775 biolink:NamedThing axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018776 biolink:NamedThing demyelinating hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018778 biolink:NamedThing intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018994 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type X A subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with genetic defects on the X chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025622 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, mitochondrial form, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030433 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2FF DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030458 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, Type 2HH DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030677 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, IIA 1I DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030689 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, IIA 1H DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031068 biolink:NamedThing charcot-marie-tooth disease, axonal,IIa 2II DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007727 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant familial periodic fever Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a periodic fever syndrome, characterized by recurrent fever, arthralgia, myalgia and tender skin lesions lasting for 1 to 3 weeks, associated with skin, joint, ocular and serosal inflammation and complicated by secondary amyloidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009849 biolink:NamedThing hyperimmunoglobulinemia D with periodic fever Hyperimmunoglobinemia D with periodic fever (HIDS) is a rare autoinflammatory disease characterized by periodic attacks of fever and a systemic inflammatory reaction (cervical lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, arthralgias and skin signs). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010066 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated congenital asplenia Familial isolated congenital asplenia is a rare, non-syndromic, potentially life-threatening visceral malformation characterized by the absence of normal spleen function, resulting in a primary immunodeficiency. Typically, the condition manifests with severe, recurrent, overwhelming infections (especially pneumococcal sepsis) in otherwise apparently healthy infants. In adults with no history of severe sepsis in infancy, thrombocytosis may be the presenting sign. Howell-Jolly bodies on blood smears and an absent spleen on abdominal ultrasound examination are highly suggestive associated findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014313 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency with defective spontaneous natural killer cell cytotoxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014715 biolink:NamedThing primary immunodeficiency with post-measles-mumps-rubella vaccine viral infection Primary immunodeficiency with post-measles-mumps-rubella vaccine viral infection is a rare primary immunodeficiency due to a defect in innate immunity disorder characterized by selective susceptibility to viral infections, particularly after systemic challenge with live viral vaccines, such as the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Patients present severe, potentially fatal, manifestations to viral illness, including encephalitis, hepatitis and pneumonitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016168 biolink:NamedThing cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome Cryopyrin associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) defines a group of autoinflammatory diseases, characterized by recurrent episodes of systemic inflammatory attacks in the absence of infection or autoimmune disease. CAPS comprises 3 disorders on a continuum of severity: severe CINCA syndrome, intermediate Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) and milder familial cold urticaria (FCAS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017925 biolink:NamedThing T-cell immunodeficiency with epidermodysplasia verruciformis T-cell immunodeficiency with epidermodysplasia verruciformis is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by increased susceptibility to infection by human papillomavirus, presenting in childhood with disseminated flat wart-like cutaneous lesions. Burkitt lymphoma has also been reported. Whilst total T-cell counts are normal, there is impaired TCR signaling, profound peripheral naive T-cell lymphopenia with memory T-cells displaying an exhaustion phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013944 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammation-PLCG2-associated antibody deficiency-immune dysregulation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015137 biolink:NamedThing periodic fever syndrome Fevers of unknown etiology recurring over months or years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017954 biolink:NamedThing pyogenic autoinflammatory syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017955 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous autoinflammatory syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017958 biolink:NamedThing magic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018304 biolink:NamedThing Schnitzler syndrome A rare, underdiagnosed disorder in adults characterized by recurrent febrile rash, bone and/or joint pain, enlarged lymph nodes, fatigue, a monoclonal IgM component, leukocytosis and systemic inflammatory response. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018540 biolink:NamedThing PFAPA syndrome An auto inflammatory syndrome characterized by recurrent febrile episodes associated with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018782 biolink:NamedThing type 1 interferonopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019434 biolink:NamedThing systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis is marked by the severity of the extra-articular manifestations (fever, cutaneous eruptions) and by an equal sex ratio. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035437 biolink:NamedThing CEBPE-associated autoinflammation-immunodeficiency-neutrophil dysfunction syndrome A rare genetic autoinflammatory syndrome with immune deficiency characterized by a combination of autoinflammation, immunodeficiency, and neutrophil dysfunction, as well as mild bleeding diathesis. Patients present recurrent attacks of abdominal pain, high fever, and systemic inflammation lasting four to five days and occurring every few weeks. Attacks may be accompanied by nailbed, tongue, submandibular, and gluteal abscesses, intra-abdominal granulomas, pyoderma gangrenosum, and buccal ulcerations. Frequent episodes of purulent paronychia, superficial skin and mucosal infections, and purulent upper respiratory tract infections have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800129 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory disease, X-linked An autoinflammatory syndrome characterized by the onset of systemic autoinflammation in the first months of life. Features include lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, panniculitis, and nodular skin rash. Additional manifestations may include inflammation of the optic nerve, intracranial hemorrhage, and lipodystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800130 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory syndrome with immunodeficiency An autoinflammatory syndrome characterized by onset of various autoimmune features usually in the first decades of life, although later onset has been reported. Typical features include autoimmune cytopenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and lymphadenopathy. More variable features may include autoimmune thyroiditis, psoriasis or eczema, nephritis, hepatitis, and symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SL). Some patients may have recurrent infections or exacerbation of the disease with acute infection. Laboratory studies show variable findings, often decreased numbers of naive B cells, lymphopenia with skewed subsets, hypogammaglobulinemia, presence of autoantibodies, and a hyperinflammatory state. The disorder shows autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800137 biolink:NamedThing early-onset pulmonary and cutaneous vasculitis A monogenic autoinflammatory disorder caused by a de novo activating mutation, p.Tyr515∗, in hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK). The disease is characterized by cutaneous vasculitis and chronic pulmonary inflammation that progresses to fibrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800148 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory syndrome due to TBK1 deficiency Any autoinflammatory syndrome in which the cause of the disease is an autosomal recessive variation in the TBK1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850053 biolink:NamedThing F12-associated cold autoinflammatory syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850065 biolink:NamedThing neonatal-onset severe multisystemic autoinflammatory disease with increased IL18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850066 biolink:NamedThing SAMD9L-associated autoinflammatory syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800089 biolink:NamedThing primary bone dysplasia with disorganized development of skeletal components DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007489 biolink:NamedThing dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (DEH), or Trevor's disease, is a rare condition that most commonly affects the epiphysis (the end) of long bones in children. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent joint dysfunction and deformity and may be surgical or non-surgical depending on the location and the symptoms. Due to the progressive nature of this disorder and the chance of worsening deformity, patients should be followed until skeletal maturity. The cause of dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica is not known. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007585 biolink:NamedThing exostoses, multiple, type 1 Any exostoses, multiple in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EXT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007653 biolink:NamedThing genochondromatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007979 biolink:NamedThing metachondromatosis Metachondromatosis (MC) is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of both multiple enchondromas and osteochondroma-like lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008150 biolink:NamedThing osteoglophonic dwarfism Osteoglophonic dwarfism (OGD) is characterized by dwarfism, severe craniofacial abnormalities and multiple unerupted teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009954 biolink:NamedThing Ramon syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011806 biolink:NamedThing osteofibrous dysplasia A benign, usually self-limited fibro-osseous lesion of the bone that affects infants and children. It usually arises from the cortical bone of the anterior mid-shaft of the tibia. Patients usually present with swelling or painless bowing of the tibia. Progression to adamantinoma has been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013941 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondromatosis with D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria Metaphyseal chondromatosis with D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by the unique association of enchondromatosis with D-2 hydroxyglutaric aciduria. Clinical features include enchondromatosis (with short stature, severe metaphyseal dysplasia and mild vertebral involvement), elevated levels of urinary 2-hydroxyglutaric acid and mild developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020749 biolink:NamedThing polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007316 biolink:NamedThing Chiari malformation type I Arnold-Chiari malformation type I is a central nervous system malformation characterized by caudal displacement of the cerebellar tonsils exceeding 5mm below the foramen magnum with or without syringomyelia. Symptoms vary in onset and severity and include suboccipital headache, neck pain, vertigo, tinnitus, ocular symptoms (diplopia, blurred vision, photofobia, nystagmus), lower cranial nerve signs, cerebellar ataxia, and spasticity. Some affected individuals can be asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008816 biolink:NamedThing Chiari malformation type II Arnold-Chiari malformation type II is a rare, central nervous system malformation characterized by caudal displacement of the cerebellum, pons, medulla and fourth ventricle through the foramen magnum into the spinal canal, and is typically associated with myelomeningocele. Variable other central nervous system abnormalities might be present (partial or complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, a small fourth ventricle, obstructive hydrocephalus, falx and tentorium defects, and polygyria). Symptoms include hypotonia, apnea with cyanosis, dysphagia, opisthotonus, nystagmus, spasticity, ataxia, and occipital headache. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022715 biolink:NamedThing Chiari malformation type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022716 biolink:NamedThing Chiari malformation type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018075 biolink:NamedThing neural tube defect A congenital defect characterized by failure of the neural tube to close completely; this results in the presence of openings in the brain or spinal cord. Examples of neural tube defects include encephalocele and spina bifida. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007537 biolink:NamedThing lateral meningocele syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014314 biolink:NamedThing sacral agenesis-abnormal ossification of the vertebral bodies-persistent notochordal canal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017059 biolink:NamedThing neural tube closure defect A disease that has its basis in the disruption of neural tube closure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017086 biolink:NamedThing primary tethered cord syndrome Primary tethered cord syndrome is a genetic, non-syndromic congenital malformation of the neurenteric canal, spinal cord and column characterized by progressive neurologic deterioration (pain, sensorimotor deficits, abnormal gait, decreased tone or abnormal reflexes), musculoskeletal changes (foot deformities and asymmetry, muscle atrophy, limb weakness and numbness, gait disturbances, scoliosis) and/or genitourinary manifestations (bladder and bowel dysfunction). Midline cutaneous stigmata in the lumbosacral region, such as turfs of hair, skin appendages, dimples, subcutaneous lipomas, skin discoloration or hemangiomas, are frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017087 biolink:NamedThing neurenteric cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017088 biolink:NamedThing isolated amyelia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017607 biolink:NamedThing caudal regression sequence Caudal regression sequence is a rare congenital malformation of the lower spinal segments associated with aplasia or hypoplasia of the sacrum and lumbar spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018953 biolink:NamedThing parietal foramina Enlarged parietal foramina (EPF) is a developmental defect, characterized by variable intramembranous ossification defects of the parietal bones, which is either asymptomatic, symptomatic (headaches, nausea, vomiting, intellectual disability) or associated with other pathologies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015214 biolink:NamedThing syndromic visceral malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016577 biolink:NamedThing biliary atresia with splenic malformation syndrome Biliary atresia with splenic malformation syndrome (BASM) designates the association of biliary atresia and splenic abnormalities (mainly polysplenia and less frequently asplenia, double spleen). Cardiac defect, situs inversus and a preduodenal portal vein can also be present. It represents the embryonal or syndromic form of biliary atresia. It affects newborns or infants and is characterized by jaundice, pale stools, dark urine, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly, coagulopathy, anemia and often palpable spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017400 biolink:NamedThing hypoplastic pancreas-intestinal atresia-hypoplastic gallbalder syndrome Hypoplastic pancreas-intestinal atresia-hypoplastic gallbladder syndrome is a rare, potentially fatal, genetic, visceral malformation syndrome characterized by neonatal diabetes, hypoplastic or annular pancreas, duodenal and jejunal atresia, as well as gallbladder aplasia or hypoplasia. Patients typically present intrauterine growth restriction, failure to thrive, malnutrition, intestinal malrotation, malabsorption, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, acholia and infections. Cardiac anomalies may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007320 biolink:NamedThing chondrocalcinosis due to apatite crystal deposition DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010917 biolink:NamedThing chondrocalcinosis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800096 biolink:NamedThing abnormal mineralization disorder A skeletal dysplasia where osteoid becomes calcified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007791 biolink:NamedThing familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 1 Any familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CASR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009430 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic rickets, autosomal recessive, 1 Any autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DMP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009431 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria Hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) is a hereditary renal phosphate-wasting disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia and hypercalciuria associated with rickets and/or osteomalacia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010186 biolink:NamedThing vitamin D-dependent rickets, type 2A Rickets caused by a defect in the VDR gene, encoding the vitamin D receptor. This form of rickets is characterized by hypocalcemia, elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) concentrations and may also manifest with alopecia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010619 biolink:NamedThing X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a hereditary renal phosphate-wasting disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia, rickets and/or osteomalacia, and diminished growth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010931 biolink:NamedThing vitamin D-dependent rickets, type 2B Rickets caused by a post-receptor defect in the vitamin D signaling pathway producing vitamin D resistance due to constitutive overexpression of a nuclear ribonucleoprotein that competes with the vitamin D receptor-retinoid X receptor dimer binding with DNA vitamin D response elements. This condition has a similar phenotype to vitamin D receptor deficiency rickets including elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) concentrations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013219 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatemic rickets, autosomal recessive, 2 Any autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ENPP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020723 biolink:NamedThing vitamin D-dependent rickets, type 1A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032591 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism, transient neonatal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015775 biolink:NamedThing non-rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata Nonrhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata is a form of chondrodysplasia punctata, a group of diseases in which the common characteristic is bone calcifications near joints from birth. Nonrhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata is not an entity in itself but covers several diseases with variable clinical findings and modes of transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008973 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia punctata, Toriello type Chondrodysplasia punctata, Toriello type is a rare, non-rhizomelic, primary bone dysplasia syndrome characterized by calcific stippling of epiphyses in association with minor facial abnormalities, short stature and ocular colobomata. In addition, patients present chondrodysplasia punctata, brachycephaly, flat facial profile with small nose, flat lower eyelids and low-set ears, developmental delay, brachytelephalangy and deep palmar creases. Complex congenital cardiac disease and central nervous system anomalies (including partial absence of corpus callosum, small vermis, enlargement of the cisterna magna and/or of the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles) have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010556 biolink:NamedThing X-linked chondrodysplasia punctata X-linked form of chondrodysplasia punctata. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020603 biolink:NamedThing X-linked chondrodysplasia punctata 2 A rare genodermatosis with great phenotypic variation and characterized most commonly by ichthyosis, chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP), asymmetric shortening of the limbs, cataracts and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007322 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia punctata, tibial-metacarpal type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011238 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia punctata, brachytelephalangic, autosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007327 biolink:NamedThing chylomicronemia, familial, due to circulating inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018637 biolink:NamedThing familial chylomicronemia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007332 biolink:NamedThing split-hand/foot malformation with long bone deficiency 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012537 biolink:NamedThing split-hand/foot malformation with long bone deficiency 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007333 biolink:NamedThing van der Woude syndrome 1 Any van der Woude syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IRF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011712 biolink:NamedThing van der Woude syndrome 2 Any van der Woude syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRHL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007336 biolink:NamedThing isolated cleft palate A cleft palate that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007338 biolink:NamedThing cleft soft palate Cleft velum is a fissure type embryopathy that affects in varying degrees the soft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008637 biolink:NamedThing bifid uvula Bifid uvula is a fissure type embryopathy affecting the uvula at the back of the soft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015092 biolink:NamedThing cleft hard palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015479 biolink:NamedThing submucosal cleft palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020463 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital ectropion A congenital ectropion that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020464 biolink:NamedThing euryblepharon Euryblepharon is a rare congenital eyelid anomaly of unknown etiology characterized by the bilateral horizontal enlargement of the palpebral fissure with vertically shortened eyelids, lateral canthus malpositioning and lateral ectropion. It may be isolated or associated with other ocular anomalies (e.g. strabismus or telecanthus) or systemic anomalies (e.g. blepharo-cheilo-odontic syndrome). In severe cases, it may result in lagophthalmos and exposure keratopathy, requiring surgical treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007490 biolink:NamedThing carpotarsal osteochondromatosis Carpotarsal osteochondromatosis is a very rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by abnormal bone proliferation and osteochondromas in the upper and lower limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007971 biolink:NamedThing delayed membranous cranial ossification Delayed membranous cranial ossification is a rare, genetic primary bone dysplasia characterized by absent ossification of calvarial bones at birth and characteristic facial dysmorphisms (frontal bossing, hypertelorism, downward-slanting palpebral fissures, proptosis, flat nasal bridge, low-set ears, midface retrusion). Patients present a soft skull at birth which, over time, progressively ossifies and in adulthood typically results in a deformed skull (with brachycephaly and prominent occiput). No other skeletal abnormalities are associated and patients have normal cognitive and motor development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008198 biolink:NamedThing parietal foramina with cleidocranial dysplasia Parietal foramina with clavicular hypoplasia is a rare genetic bone development disorder characterized by parietal foramina in association with hypoplasia of the clavicles (short abnormal clavicles with tapering lateral ends, with or without loss of the acromion). Additional features may include mild craniofacial dysmorphism (macrocephaly, broad forehead and frontal bossing). No dental abnormalities were reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012055 biolink:NamedThing Larsen-like osseous dysplasia-short stature syndrome Larsen-like osseous dysplasia-short stature syndrome is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by a Larsen-like phenotype including multiple, congenital, large joint dislocations, craniofacial abnormalities (i.e. macrocephaly, flat occiput, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, low-set, malformed ears, flat nose, cleft palate), spinal abnormalities, cylindrical fingers, and talipes equinovarus, as well as growth retardation (resulting in short stature) and delayed bone age. Other reported clinical manifestations include severe developmental delay, hypotonia, clinodactyly, congenital heart defect and renal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014704 biolink:NamedThing skeletal overgrowth-craniofacial dysmorphism-hyperelastic skin-white matter lesions syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014821 biolink:NamedThing complex lethal osteochondrodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015985 biolink:NamedThing bone dysplasia, Azouz type Bone dysplasia Azouz type is a form of generalized enchondromatosis with involvement of the spine (so called spondyloenchondromatosis). Spondyloenchondromatosis is a very rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by severe platyspondyly, and mild involvement of hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016763 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Spondylometaphyseal dysplasias are a heterogeneous group of disorders associated with walking and growth disturbances that become evident during the second year of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018239 biolink:NamedThing aggrecan-related bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019412 biolink:NamedThing dysspondyloenchondromatosis Dysspondyloenchondromatosis is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by anisospondyly and multiple enchondromas in vertebrae and the metaphyseal and diaphyseal parts of long tubular bones, leading to kyphoscoliosis and lower limb asymmetry. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019689 biolink:NamedThing perlecan-related bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019691 biolink:NamedThing short rib dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019692 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia and pseudoachondroplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019693 biolink:NamedThing multiple metaphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019694 biolink:NamedThing spondylodysplastic dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019697 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic and rhizo-mesomelic dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019699 biolink:NamedThing slender bone dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019701 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia punctata A rare congenital developmental disorder characterized by the presence of stippled foci of calcification in the hyaline cartilage, joint contractions, mental retardation and ichthyosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019718 biolink:NamedThing lethal chondrodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020474 biolink:NamedThing cheirospondyloenchondromatosis Cheirospondyloenchondromatosis is an extremely rare type of enchondromatosis of very early onset (from neonatal period to infancy) characterized by symmetrical multiple enchondromas with metacarpal and phalangeal involvement resulting in short hands and feet, platyspondyly, mild to moderate short stature and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021762 biolink:NamedThing acrocoxomesomelic dysplasia A severe, dysmorphic condition is characterized by shortening of median and distal segments of the limbs without anomalies of the spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022586 biolink:NamedThing bone dysplasia Moore type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044675 biolink:NamedThing LRP5-related primary osteoporosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800085 biolink:NamedThing dysostosis with predominant craniofacial involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800086 biolink:NamedThing primary bone dysplasia with multiple joint dislocations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800087 biolink:NamedThing type 11 collagen-related bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800088 biolink:NamedThing lysosomal storage disease with skeletal involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800092 biolink:NamedThing genetic inflammatory or rheumatoid-like osteoarthropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800095 biolink:NamedThing syndrome with synostosis or other joint formation defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800204 biolink:NamedThing calvarial doughnut lesions with bone fragility and spondylometaphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800307 biolink:NamedThing de la Chapelle dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007766 biolink:NamedThing Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome is characterised by thickening of the inner table of the frontal bone, sometimes associated with obesity and hypertrichosis. It mainly affects women over 35 years of age. The prevalence and clinical significance of hyperostosis frontalis interna is unknown. Transmission is either X-linked or autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009034 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial dyssynostosis Craniofacial dyssynostosis (CFD) is a rare cranial malformation syndrome characterized by the premature closure of both lambdoid sutures and the posterior sagittal suture, resulting in abnormal skull contour (frontal bossing, anterior turricephaly with mild brachycephaly, biparietal narrowing, occipital concavity) and dysmorphic facial features (low-set ears, midfacial hypoplasia). Short stature, developmental delay, epilepsy, and oculomotor dyspraxia have also been reported. Associated anomalies include enlargement of the cerebral ventricles, agenesis of the corpus callosum, Arnold-Chiari malformation type I, venous anomalies of skull and hydrocephalus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012634 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial dysplasia - osteopenia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019795 biolink:NamedThing acalvaria Acalvaria is a rare malformation defined as missing scalp and flat bones over an area of the cranial vault. The size of the affected area is variable. In rare cases, acalvaria involves the whole of the dome-like superior portion of the cranium comprising the frontal, parietal, and occipital bones. Dura mater and associated muscles are absent in the affected area but the central nervous system is usually unaffected, although some neuropathological abnormality is often present (e.g. holoprosencephaly or gyration anomalies). Skull base and facial bones are normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007341 biolink:NamedThing cleidorhizomelic syndrome Cleidorhizomelic syndrome is a rhizo-mesomelic dysplasia characterized by rhizomelic short stature/dwarfism in combination with lateral clavicular defects. Additional manifestations include brachydactyly with bilateral clinodactyly and hypoplastic middle phalanx of the fifth digit. X-ray demonstrated an apparent Y-shaped or bifid distal clavicle. Cleidorhizomelic syndrome has been reported in one family (mother and son) and is suspected to be transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007977 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dysplasia, Kantaputra type Mesomelic dysplasia Kantaputra type (MDK) is a rare skeletal disease characterized by symmetric shortening of the middle segments of limbs and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008098 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dwarfism, Nievergelt type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008618 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dwarfism, Reinhardt-Pfeiffer type Mesomelic dwarfism, Reinhardt-Pfeiffer type is characterized by disproportionate short stature from birth with dysplasia of the ulna and fibula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008620 biolink:NamedThing upper limb mesomelic dysplasia This syndrome is an isolated upper limb mesomelic dysplasia. It has been described in four patients from two unrelated families (a man and his daughter, and a Lebanese man and his son). Patients present with ulnar hypoplasia with severe radial bowing, but normal stature. The mode of transmission is likely to be autosomal dominant with variable expressivity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009588 biolink:NamedThing Langer mesomelic dysplasia Langer mesomelic dysplasia (LMD) is characterized by severe disproportionate short stature with mesomelic and rhizomelic shortening of the upper and lower limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009996 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic syndrome, Urbach type Rhizomelic syndrome, Urbach type is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by upper limbs rhizomelia and other skeletal anomalies (e.g. short stature, dislocated hips, digitalization of the thumb with bifid distal phalanx), craniofacial features (e.g. microcephaly, large anterior fontanelle, fine and sparse scalp hair, depressed nasal bridge, high arched palate, micrognathia, short neck), congenital heart defects (e.g. pulmonary stenosis), delayed psychomotor development and mild flexion contractures of elbows. Radiologic evaluation may reveal flared epiphyses, platyspondyly and/or digital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010367 biolink:NamedThing SHOX-related short stature SHOX-related short stature is a primary bone dysplasia characterized by a height that is 2 standard deviations below the corresponding mean height for a given age, sex and population group, in the absence of obvious skeletal abnormalities and other diseases and with normal developmental milestones. Patients present normal bone age with normal limbs, shortening of the extremities (significantly lower extremities-trunk and sitting height-to-height ratios), normal hGH values, normal karyotype, and Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis-like radiological signs (e.g. triangularization of distal radial epiphyses, pyramidalization of distal carpal row, and lucency of the distal radius on the ulnar side). Mesomelic disproportions and Madelung deformity are not apparent at a young age, but may develop later in life or never. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011079 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic dysplasia, Patterson-Lowry type Rhizomelic dysplasia, Patterson-Lowry type is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by short stature, severe rhizomelic shortening of the upper limbs associated with specific malformations of humeri (including marked widening and flattening of proximal metaphyses, medial flattening of the proximal epiphyses, and lateral bowing with medial cortical thickening of the proximal diaphyses), marked coxa vara with dysplastic femoral heads and brachimetacarpalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011530 biolink:NamedThing mesomelic dysplasia, Savarirayan type Mesomelic dysplasia, Savarirayan type is characterised by severely hypoplastic and triangular-shaped tibiae, and absence of the fibulae. So far, two sporadic cases have been described. Moderate mesomelia of the upper limbs, proximal widening of the ulnas, pelvic anomalies and marked bilateral glenoid hypoplasia were also reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014380 biolink:NamedThing colobomatous microphthalmia-rhizomelic dysplasia syndrome Colobomatous microphthalmia-rhizomelic dysplasia syndrome is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by a range of developmental eye anomalies (including anophthalmia, microphthalmia, colobomas, microcornea, corectopia, cataract) and symmetric limb rhizomelia with short stature and contractures of large joints. Intellectual disability with autistic features, macrocephaly, dysmorphic features, urogenital anomalies (hypospadia, cryptorchidism), cutaneous syndactyly and precocious puberty may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017136 biolink:NamedThing omodysplasia Omodysplasia is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by severe limb shortening and facial dysmorphism. Two types of omodysplasia have been described: an autosomal recessive or generalized form (also referred to as micromelic dysplasia with dislocation of radius) marked by severe micromelic dwarfism with predominantly rhizomelic shortening of both the upper and lower limbs, and an autosomal dominant form in which stature is normal and shortening is limited to the upper limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018601 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant myopia-midfacial retrusion-sensorineural hearing loss-rhizomelic dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013329 biolink:NamedThing familial clubfoot due to 17q23.1q23.2 microduplication 17q23.1-q23.2 microduplication is a newly described cause of familial isolated clubfoot. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007343 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital digital clubbing Isolated congenital digital clubbing is a rare genodermatosis disorder characterized by enlargement of the terminal segments of fingers and toes with thickened nails without any other abnormality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008509 biolink:NamedThing distal symphalangism Distal symphalangism is a very rare bone disorder characterized by ankylosis of the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and/or feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017467 biolink:NamedThing tibio-fibular synostosis Tibio-fibular synostosis is a rare, non-syndromic limb malformation characterized by fusion of the proximal or distal tibial and fibular metaphysis and/or diaphysis, frequently associated with distal positioning of the proximal tibiofibular joint, leg length discrepancy, bowing of the fibula, and valgus deformity of the knee. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017983 biolink:NamedThing humero-radio-ulnar synostosis Humero-radio-ulnar synostosis is an extremely rare, genetic, congenital joint formation defect disorder characterized by uni- or bilateral fusion of the humerus, radius and ulnar bones, leading to loss of elbow motion and, in most, functional arm incapacity. It may appear as distal humeral bifurcation with absent elbow joint and shortened arm length on imaging. Hand abnormalities, namely oligoectrosyndactyly, may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017985 biolink:NamedThing congenital radioulnar synostosis Congenital radioulnar synostosis is a rare bone disorder that may be isolated or associated with other disorders and that is characterized by failure of segmentation of the radius and ulna during embryological development, causing limited rotational movements of the forearm, which may lead to difficulties with some activities of daily living. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018154 biolink:NamedThing Madelung deformity Madelung disease, or deformity (MD) is a predominantly bilateral wrist anomaly characterized by shortened and bowed radii and long ulnae leading to dorsal dislocation of the distal ulna and limited mobility of the wrist and elbow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019782 biolink:NamedThing humero-ulnar synostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007867 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007900 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 3 Any inherited isolated nail anomaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLCD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008060 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 1 Nail dysplasia is an idiopathic nail dystrophy, beginning in early childhood, and characterised by excessive longitudinal striations and loss of nail luster affecting all 20 nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008125 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011595 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011852 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 8 Any inherited isolated nail anomaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL7A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016557 biolink:NamedThing leukonychia totalis Leukonychia totalis is a rare nail anomaly disorder characterized by complete white discoloration of the nails. Patients typically present white, chalky nails as an isolated finding, although other cutaneous or systemic manifestations could also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007349 biolink:NamedThing familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1 Any familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NLRP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018768 biolink:NamedThing familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome Familial cold urticaria (FCAS) is the mildest form of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) and is characterized by recurrent episodes of urticaria-like skin rash triggered by exposure to cold associated with low-grade fever, general malaise, eye redness and arthralgia/myalgia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012724 biolink:NamedThing familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 2 An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the NLRP12 gene. It is characterized by periodic fevers beginning in the first year of life that are triggered by cold exposure. Episodes occur more than once per month. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013766 biolink:NamedThing familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3 A rare, hereditary, immune deficiency with skin involvement characterized by early-onset cold urticaria after generalized exposure to cold air or evaporative cooling and not after contact with cold objects. Additional immunologic abnormalities are often present - antibody deficiency, recurrent infections, autoimmune disease and symptomatic allergic disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014498 biolink:NamedThing familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 4 Any familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NLRC4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008927 biolink:NamedThing colobomatous optic disc-macular atrophy-chorioretinopathy syndrome A rare genetic eye disease characterized by optic disc anomalies (bilateral colobomatous optic discs, retinal vessels arising from the peripheral optic disc) and macular atrophy. Peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy and chorioretinal and iris coloboma have also been described. Patients present with horizontal nystagmus and poor visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012687 biolink:NamedThing familial cavitary optic disc anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012739 biolink:NamedThing microtia-eye coloboma-imperforation of the nasolacrimal duct syndrome This syndrome is characterised by the association of microtia, eye coloboma, and imperforation of the nasolacrimal duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015567 biolink:NamedThing cataract-glaucoma syndrome Cataract-glaucoma syndrome is characterised by the association of total bilateral congenital cataract with the secondary occurrence of glaucoma appearing at ages varying between 10 and 40 years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016509 biolink:NamedThing microcornea-posterior megalolenticonus-persistent fetal vasculature-coloboma syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018169 biolink:NamedThing morning glory syndrome Morning glory syndrome (MGS) is an optic neuropathy characterized by a congenital funnel shaped excavation of the posterior fundus that incorporates the optic disc malformation (resembling the morning glory flower) MGS is usually unilateral and may result in a decrease in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). MGS either occurs isolated or associated to other ocular or non-ocular anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020146 biolink:NamedThing major induction processes eye anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007360 biolink:NamedThing branchiootic syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011258 biolink:NamedThing branchiootic syndrome 1 Any branchiootic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EYA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012025 biolink:NamedThing branchiootic syndrome 3 Any branchiootic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SIX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007361 biolink:NamedThing C1 inhibitor deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009005 biolink:NamedThing complement component C1r/C1s deficiency Lack of production of either functional C1r or C1s protein, due to a genetic defect. Approximately 60% of patients with a C1r/C1s deficiency will develop a severe systemic lupus erythematosus at an early age. Patients also present with frequent sinopulmonary infections often with Streptococcus pneumoniae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009006 biolink:NamedThing complement component 2 deficiency Complement component 2 deficiency (C2D) is a genetic condition that affects the immune system. Signs and symptoms include recurrent bacterial infections and risk for a variety of autoimmune conditions. Infections can be very serious and are common in early life. They become less frequent during the teen and adult years. The most frequent autoimmune conditions associated with C2D are lupus (10-20%) and vasculitis. C2D is caused by mutations in the C2 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012295 biolink:NamedThing complement component 5 deficiency A rare genetic disorder with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. It is caused by the ineffective or decreased biosynthesis of the fifth complement component, C5. C5 deficiency may also be acquired acutely post-infection. If C5 is adequately synthesized, its rapid depletion may result in a functional deficiency. Clinical signs of the inherited deficiency present within the second decade of life and are consistent with the signs of recurrent systemic infection. Deficiency of serum C5 and its major cleavage product, C5b, a component of the membrane attack complex, increases susceptibility to Neisserial infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012412 biolink:NamedThing complement component 7 deficiency Any classic complement early component deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012908 biolink:NamedThing complement component 6 deficiency Any classic complement early component deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013417 biolink:NamedThing complement component 3 deficiency A rare genetic disorder with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. It is caused by the ineffective or decreased biosynthesis of the third complement component, C3. C3 deficiency may also be acquired acutely post-infection or chronically from co-morbid autoimmune disorders. If C3 is adequately synthesized, its rapid depletion may result in a functional deficiency. Clinical signs of the inherited deficiency present within the first decade of life and are consistent with the signs of recurrent systemic infection or immune complex disease. Deficiency of serum C3 and its major cleavage product, C3b, will decrease the effective humoral immune response to encapsulated bacteria. Deficiency of C3 also impairs clearance of circulating immune complexes and therefore predisposes to rheumatic and renal disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013419 biolink:NamedThing complement component C1s deficiency A rare defect resulting in C1 deficiency and impaired activation of the complement classical pathway. C1 deficiency generally leads to severe immune complex disease with features of systemic lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013421 biolink:NamedThing type II complement component 8 deficiency Any classic complement early component deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C8B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013422 biolink:NamedThing type I complement component 8 deficiency Any classic complement early component deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C8A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013445 biolink:NamedThing complement component 9 deficiency Any classic complement early component deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013720 biolink:NamedThing complement component 4b deficiency Any classic complement early component deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C4B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013721 biolink:NamedThing complement component 4a deficiency Any classic complement early component deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C4A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033946 biolink:NamedThing hereditary angioedema with C1Inh deficiency Forms of hereditary angioedema that occur due to mutations in the gene for complement C1 inhibitor protein. Type I hereditary angioedema is associated with reduced serum levels of complement C1 inhibitor protein. Type II hereditary angioedema is associated with the production of a non-functional complement C1 inhibitor protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010443 biolink:NamedThing macular degeneration, X-linked atrophic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010905 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010969 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 5 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PITPNM3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011143 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 6 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCY2D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011193 biolink:NamedThing cone dystrophy 3 Any cone dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCA1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011355 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 7 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RIMS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011395 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 3 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011458 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 4 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AIPL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011564 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 8 A cone-rod dystrophy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1q12-q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011839 biolink:NamedThing Newfoundland cone-rod dystrophy Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RLBP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011987 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 13 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPGRIP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012464 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 10 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEMA4A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012483 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 11 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012507 biolink:NamedThing retinal cone dystrophy 4 Any cone dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNA2D4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012983 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 12 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PROM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013002 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 9 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADAM9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014068 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 17 A cone-rod dystrophy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 10q26. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014153 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 18 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAB28 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014372 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 19 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTLL5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014427 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 20 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POC1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014669 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 21 Any cone-rod dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DRAM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021155 biolink:NamedThing X-linked cone-rod dystrophy X-linked form of cone-rod dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030440 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800326 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043123 biolink:NamedThing massa casaer ceulemans syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007365 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial neonatal, 1 Any benign neonatal seizures in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNQ2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007366 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial neonatal, 2 Any benign neonatal seizures in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNQ3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010021 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial neonatal, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011990 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial neonatal, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007367 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011231 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011443 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 4 Any febrile seizures, familial in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADGRV1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011461 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 2 Any febrile seizures, familial in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011891 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 8 A childhood absence epilepsy that is characterized by mutations in the GABRG2 gene, which cause a spectrum of seizure disorders, ranging from early-onset isolated febrile seizures (FS) to childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) to generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 3 (GEFS+3), which tends to represent a more severe phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012224 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012226 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012681 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012707 biolink:NamedThing familial febrile seizures 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012972 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800329 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 3a DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800354 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 3b DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007368 biolink:NamedThing familial benign copper deficiency Familial benign copper deficiency is a rare disorder of mineral absorption and transport characterized by hypocupremia that manifests as failure to thrive, mild anemia, repeated seizures, hypotonia, and seborrheic skin. Spurring of the femur and tibia are also noted on radiographic imaging. Symptoms are reversible or improve with supplements of oral copper. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017762 biolink:NamedThing disorder of copper metabolism An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of cellular copper ion homeostasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030048 biolink:NamedThing harderoporphyria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007372 biolink:NamedThing cornea plana 1, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018888 biolink:NamedThing congenital cornea plana DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009014 biolink:NamedThing cornea plana 2 Any cornea plana in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KERA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008777 biolink:NamedThing gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy (GDCD) is a form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by multiple prominent milky-white gelatinous nodules beneath the corneal epithelium, and marked visual impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010425 biolink:NamedThing Lisch epithelial corneal dystrophy Lisch epithelial corneal dystrophy (LECD) is a very rare form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by feather-shaped opacities and microcysts in the corneal epithelium arranged in a band-shaped and sometimes whorled pattern, occasionally with impaired vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013026 biolink:NamedThing subepithelial mucinous corneal dystrophy Subepithelial mucinous corneal dystrophy (SMCD) is a very rare form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by frequent recurrent corneal erosions in the first decade of life, with progressive loss of vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007381 biolink:NamedThing epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophy Epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophy (ERED) is a rare form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by recurrent episodes of epithelial erosions from childhood in the absence of associated diseases, with occasional impairment of vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017391 biolink:NamedThing Grayson-Wilbrandt corneal dystrophy Grayson-Wilbrandt corneal dystrophy (GWCD) is an extremely rare form of corneal dystrophy characterized by variable patterns of opacification in the Bowman layer of the cornea which extend anteriorly into the epithelium with decreased to normal visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020363 biolink:NamedThing honey-droplet corneal dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007378 biolink:NamedThing posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy 1 A posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy that has material basis in autosomal dominant inheritance of mutation in the OVOL2 gene on chromosome 20p11.23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012199 biolink:NamedThing posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy 2 Any posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL8A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012200 biolink:NamedThing posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy 3 Any posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZEB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054832 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, posterior polymorphous, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010889 biolink:NamedThing arterial dissection-lentiginosis syndrome Arterial dissection-lentiginosis is a rare association syndrome, reported in several members of two families to date, and characterized by arterial dissection, occurring at an early age and presenting with a range of manifestations depending on the vascular territory involved (ex. headache, dysphasia, hemiparesis), in association with cystic medial necrosis and multiple lentigines (brown and black in color and mainly affecting the skin of the trunk and extremities). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007399 biolink:NamedThing TWIST1-related craniosynostosis Any craniosynostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TWIST1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014705 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis 6 Any craniosynostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZIC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015704 biolink:NamedThing familial scaphocephaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012307 biolink:NamedThing familial scaphocephaly syndrome, McGillivray type Familial scaphocephaly syndrome, McGillivray type is a rare newly described craniosynostosis syndrome characterized by scaphocephaly, macrocephaly, severe maxillary retrusion, and mild intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009075 biolink:NamedThing Dandy-Walker malformation-postaxial polydactyly syndrome Dandy-Walker malformation with postaxial polydactyly syndrome is a syndromic disorder with, as a major feature, the association between Dandy-Walker malformation and postaxial polydactyly. The Dandy-Walker malformation has a variable expression and is characterized by a posterior fossa cyst communicating with the fourth ventricle, the partial or complete absence of the cerebellar vermis, and facultative hydrocephalus. Postaxial polydactyly includes tetramelic postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet with possible enlargement of the fifth metacarpal and metatarsal bones, as well as bifid fifth metacarpals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009966 biolink:NamedThing NPHP3-related Meckel-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010337 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-cerebellar hypoplasia syndrome X-linked intellectual deficit-cerebellar hypoplasia, also known as OPHN1 syndrome, is a rare syndromic form of cerebellar dysgenesis characterized by moderate to severe intellectual deficit and cerebellar abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010417 biolink:NamedThing syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Najm type Najm type X-linked intellectual deficit is a rare cerebellar dysgenesis syndrome characterized by variable clinical manifestations ranging from mild intellectual deficit with or without congenital nystagmus, to severe cognitive impairment associated with cerebellar and pontine hypoplasia/atrophy and abnormalities of cortical development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010464 biolink:NamedThing X-linked cerebral-cerebellar-coloboma syndrome syndrome A rare, genetic syndrome with a cerebellar malformation as major feature characterized by cerebellar vermis hypo- or aplasia, ventriculomegaly, agenesis of corpus callosum and abnormalities of the brainstem and cerebral cortex in association with ocular coloboma. Clinically, patients show hydrocephalus at birth, neonatal hypotonia with abnormal breathing pattern, ocular abnormalities with impaired vision, severe psychomotor delay, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011157 biolink:NamedThing Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez syndrome A syndrome, which may be classified among the neurocutaneous syndromes, associates abnormalities of the cerebellum (rhombencephalosynapsis), cranial nerves (trigeminal anesthesia), and scalp (alopecia). It has been reported in 11 individuals so far. Other features observed in patients were craniosynostosis, midfacial hypoplasia, bilateral corneal opacities, low-set ears, short stature, moderate intellectual impairment and ataxia. Hyperactivity, depression, self-injurious behaviour and bipolar disorder have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014419 biolink:NamedThing ataxia - intellectual disability - oculomotor apraxia - cerebellar cysts syndrome Ataxia-intellectual disability-oculomotor apraxia-cerebellar cysts syndrome is a rare neuro-ophthalmological disease characterized by nonprogressive cerebellar ataxia, delayed motor and language development, and intellectual disability in addition to ophthalmological abnormalities (e.g. oculomotor apraxia, strabismus, amblyopia, retinal dystrophy, and myopia). Cerebellar cysts, cerebellar dysplasia and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, seen on magnetic resonance imaging, are also characteristic of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015219 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic central nervous system malformation A central nervous system malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016161 biolink:NamedThing cerebral gigantism-jaw cysts syndrome Cerebral gigantism-jaw cysts syndrome is characterised by cerebral gigantism associated with a jaw cyst basal cell naevoid syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016299 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly-caudal dysgenesis syndrome A central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by holoprosencephaly with microcephaly, abnormal eye morphology (hypotelorism, cyclopia, exophthalmos), nasal anomalies (single nostril or absent nose), and cleft lip/palate, combined with signs of caudal regression (sacral agenesis, sirenomelia with absent external genitalia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018045 biolink:NamedThing Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS) is a very rare X-linked recessive disorder considered to be a severe variant of dyskeratosis congenita characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, microcephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, progressive combined immune deficiency and aplastic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018763 biolink:NamedThing tubulinopathy-associated dysgyria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020132 biolink:NamedThing cranial nerve and nuclear aplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020133 biolink:NamedThing posterior fossa malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100283 biolink:NamedThing overgrowth syndrome and/or cerebral malformations due to abnormalities in MTOR pathway genes A disease caused by mosaic gain-of-function (GoF) of several genes in the MTOR pathway (MTOR, PIK3CA, PIK3R2 and AKT3) are functionally the same despite significant phenotypic variability. These GoF variants result in overgrowth due to an over-activation of key genes in this pathway. The phenotypic variability is generally attributed to the mosaic fraction and affected tissue types. For example, macrocephaly is noted if the variant is identified in the brain, but non symmetric overgrowth of that limb is noted when the variant is only present in the affected limb. The pathologies of the affected tissue often reveal similar characteristics such as cellular overgrowth. However, this is not always the case especially with focal cortical dysplasia. At times the characteristics pathologies are not present in the tissue but sampling biases are an issue. FCD resections often involve a very small area and so a very small amount of tissue is available for pathology and it is not guaranteed that lesional tissue is sent. Therefore, having a single disease term which can encompass the phenotypic variability yet provide a unifying molecular diagnosis name makes sense given the common functional mechanism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007656 biolink:NamedThing Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome A very rare and fatal disorder of spongiform encephalopathy usually caused by mutations of the prion protein (PRNP) gene. It is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid in the brain. Signs and symptoms include lack of motor coordination, unsteady gait, and difficulty walking. As the disease progresses, patients develop speech difficulties and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010808 biolink:NamedThing fatal familial insomnia Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a very rare form of prion disease characterized by subacute onset of insomnia showing as a reduced overall sleep time, autonomic dysfunction, and motor disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011703 biolink:NamedThing spongiform encephalopathy with neuropsychiatric features DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017233 biolink:NamedThing familial Alzheimer-like prion disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018339 biolink:NamedThing PrP systemic amyloidosis Prion protein (PrP) systemic amyloidosis, previously known as chronic diarrhea with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy is an extremely rare autosomal dominant disorder reported in three British families, a Japanese and an Italian family (about 16 cases in total). Onset is usually in the fourth decade of life and the course lasts about 20 years. Reported clinical manifestations include diarrhea, nausea, autonomic failure (areflexia, weakness), neurogenic bladder and urinary infections. The disorder is caused by truncation mutations of the prion protein gene PRNP (20p13) leading to deposition of prion protein amyloid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016887 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009567 biolink:NamedThing Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome (MSS) belongs to the group of autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias. Cardinal features of MSS are cerebellar ataxia, congenital cataract, and delayed psychomotor development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013481 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 13q14 deletion syndrome Monosomy 13q14 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13, characterized by developmental delay, variable degrees of intellectual disability, retinoblastoma and craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. micro/dolichocephaly, high and broad forehead, prominent eyebrows, thick, anteverted ear lobes, short nose with a broad nasal bridge and bulbous tip, prominent philtrum, large mouth with thin upper lip and thick, everted lower lip). Other features reported include high birth weight, macrocephaly, pinealoma, hepatomegaly, inguinal hernia and cryptorchidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015726 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 14q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008709 biolink:NamedThing acrocephalopolydactyly Acrocephalopolydactyly, also known as Elejalde syndrome, is an extremely rare lethal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by massive birth weight, swollen globular body, generalized edema, short limbs, postaxial polydactyly, thick skin, facial dysmorphism (slanted palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthic folds, dysplastic ears), excessive connective tissue, renal dysplasia, and in some patients, organomegaly, craniosynostosis with acrocephaly, omphalocele, cleft palate, and cryptorchidism. Fewer than 10 cases have been reported to date. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009038 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-fibular aplasia syndrome Craniosynostosis-fibular aplasia is an extremely rare genetic disease, reported in only 2 brothers to date, characterized by the combination of craniosynostosis (involving both coronal sutures), congenital absence of the fibula, cryptorchidism, and bilateral simian creases. Intelligence is normal and an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance has been proposed. There have been no further reports in the literature since 1972. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009042 biolink:NamedThing craniotelencephalic dysplasia Craniotelencephalic dysplasia is an extremely rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by craniosynostosis with frontal encephalocele and various additional brain anomalies (severe hydrocephalus, agenesis of the corpus callosum, lissencephaly and polymicrogyria, parenchymal cysts, septo-optic dysplasia) resulting in marked cerebral dysfunction, seizures and very severe psychomotor delay. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010090 biolink:NamedThing Summitt syndrome Summitt syndrome is an extremely rare disorder originally described in two brothers and characterized by mild to severe craniosynostosis and syndactyly, obesity, and normal intelligence. Acrocephaly, brachydactyly, clinodactyly, mild syndactyly of the hands and feet, genu valgum and marked obesity were later described in another patient. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1979. Summitt syndrome could be a variant of Carpenter syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010929 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis 4 Any craniosynostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011059 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly-craniosynostosis syndrome Holoprosencephaly-craniosynostosis syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by the association of primary craniosynostosis (usually involving the coronal and metopic sutures) with holoprosencephaly (ranging from alobar to, most commonly, semilobar) and various skeletal anomalies (typically, hand and feet anomalies including fifth digit clinodactyly, hypoplastic phalanges and cone-shaped epiphyses, small vertebral bodies, scoliosis, coxa valga and/or flexion deformities of hips). Craniofacial asymmetry, microcephaly, brachy/plagiocephaly, short stature and psychomotor delay are additional common features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011065 biolink:NamedThing Hunter-McAlpine craniosynostosis Hunter-McAlpine craniosynostosis is characterised by craniosynostosis, intellectual deficit, short stature, facial dysmorphism (oval face with almond-shaped palpebral fissures, droopy eyelids and a small nose) and minor distal anomalies. It has been described in 10 patients. Transmission is autosomal dominant and the syndrome is associated with partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q35-5qter). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011253 biolink:NamedThing craniomicromelic syndrome Craniomicromelic syndrome is a very rare disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, underossification of the skull with large fontanels, short limbs with absent phalanges and finger and toe syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011274 biolink:NamedThing Muenke syndrome Muenke syndrome is a syndromic craniosynostosis with significant phenotypic variability, usually characterized by coronal synostosis, midfacial retrusion, strabismus, hearing loss and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011287 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-anal anomalies-porokeratosis syndrome Craniosynostosis - anal anomalies - porokeratosis, or CDAGS, is a very rare condition characterized by craniosynostosis and clavicular hypoplasia, (C), delayed closure of the fontanel (D), anal anomalies (A), genitourinary malformations (G) and skin eruption (S). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011481 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis 2 A form of syndromic craniosynostosis, characterized by a highly variable craniosynostosis with frontal bossing, turribrachycephaly and cloverleaf skull anomaly. Hypoplasia of the supraorbital ridges, cleft palate, extra teeth and limb anomalies (triphalangeal thumb, 3-4 syndactyly of the hands, a short first metatarsal, middle phalangeal agenesis in the feet) have also been described. Associated problems include headache, poor vision, and seizures. Intelligence is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011788 biolink:NamedThing cloverleaf skull-multiple congenital anomalies syndrome This newly described syndrome is characterized by cloverleaf skull, limb anomalies, facial dysmorphism and multiple congenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012035 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-intracranial calcifications syndrome Craniosynostosis-intracranial calcification is a form of syndromic craniosynostosis, characterized by pancraniosynostosis, head circumference below the mid-parental head circumference, mild facial dysmorphism (prominent supraorbital ridges, mild proptosis and maxillary hypoplasia) and calcification of the basal ganglia. The disease is associated with a favorable neurological outcome, normal intelligence and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013615 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis and dental anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013740 biolink:NamedThing lethal occipital encephalocele-skeletal dysplasia syndrome Lethal occipital encephalocele-skeletal dysplasia syndrome is a rare, genetic, bone development disorder characterized by occipital and parietal bone hypoplasia leading to occipital encephalocele, calvarial mineralization defects, craniosynostosis, radiohumeral fusions, oligodactyly and other skeletal anomalies (arachnodactyly, terminal phalangeal aplasia of the thumbs, bilateral absence of the great toes, pronounced bilateral angulation of femora, shortened limbs, advanced osseous maturation). Fetal death in utero is associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014128 biolink:NamedThing TCF12-related craniosynostosis Any syndromic craniosynostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCF12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015086 biolink:NamedThing cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015467 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis, Philadelphia type Craniosynostosis, Philadelphia type is a form of syndromic craniosynostosis, characterized by sagittal/dolichocephalic head shape with a relatively normal facial appearance and complete soft tissue syndactyly of hand and foot. Transmission is autosomal dominant with variable expression of the hand findings, and incomplete penetrance of the sagittal craniosynostosis. Craniosynostosis, Philadelphia type has been suggested to share the same etiology as syndactyly type 1A. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015468 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-cataract syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015751 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis-hydrocephalus-Arnold-Chiari malformation type I-radioulnar synostosis syndrome Capra-DeMarco syndrome is characterized by sagittal craniosynostosis, hydrocephalus, Chiari I malformation and radioulnar synostosis. Other clinical findings include blepharophimosis, small low-set ears, hypoplastic philtrum, kidney malformation, and hypogenitalism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015800 biolink:NamedThing osteosclerosis-developmental delay-craniosynostosis syndrome This newly described syndrome is characterized by osteosclerosis, developmental delay and craniosynostosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016291 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis, Herrmann-Opitz type Craniosynostosis, Herrmann-Opitz type is a rare bone development disorder characterized by intellectual disability, short stature, turribrachycephaly, facial dysmorphism (i.e. severe hypertelorism, hypoplasia of supraorbital ridges, abnormal ears, and micrognathia), bony defects of the occiput, and digital anomalies (incl. syndactyly, oligodactyly, and/or brachydactyly). Urethral atresia has also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018064 biolink:NamedThing trigonocephaly-broad thumbs syndrome Trigonocephaly-broad thumbs syndrome is characterized by neonatal trigonocephaly and multiple anomalies including craniosynostosis, shallow orbits, unusual nose, deviation of the terminal phalanges of fingers 1, 2, and 5, and broad toes with duplication of the terminal phalanx. It has been described in a mother and her son. It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022904 biolink:NamedThing cryofibrinogenemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015491 biolink:NamedThing immune complex mediated vasculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019509 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis is a small-vessel vasculitis presenting with palpable purpura and urticarial lesions which predate the purpuric lesions most frequently observed on the legs. Systemic symptoms including fever, cough, hemoptysis, sinusitis, arthralgia, arthritis, myalgia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hematochezia, paresthesia, weakness, and hematuria may be observed. Skin biopsy reveals exudates rich in neutrophils, endothelial damage, fibrin deposition, and leukocytoclasis in postcapillary venules of small vessels. Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis can be idiopathic (in up to 50% of cases) or secondary to infections, medications (such as antituberculosis medication), collagen vascular diseases, or neoplasms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019526 biolink:NamedThing erythema elevatum diutinum Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a distinctive form of chronic cutaneous vasculitis, belonging to the group of the neutrophilic dermatoses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007411 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa, autosomal dominant 1 Any autosomal dominant cutis laxa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ELN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013751 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa, autosomal dominant 2 Any autosomal dominant cutis laxa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FBLN5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019156 biolink:NamedThing angioosteohypotrophic syndrome Angioosteohypotrophic syndrome is a rare, congenital, vascular anomaly syndrome characterized by venous or, on occasion, arterial malformations which lead to soft tissue hypertrophy and bone hypoplasia. Affected limb is generally shortened, highly deformed, painful and edematous and associates bone and muscle hypotrophy. Single parts, or multiple small parts, of limbs are typically affected but more extensive involvement, including complete extremity, shoulder girdle and axilla, has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007415 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 1 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BCS1L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020811 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency, nuclear type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014063 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 2 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTC19 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014064 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 3 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UQCRB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014065 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 4 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UQCRQ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014066 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 5 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UQCRC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014194 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 6 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CYC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014356 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 7 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UQCC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014364 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 8 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LYRM7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014496 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 9 Any mitochondrial complex III deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UQCC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032909 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 3 deficiency, nuclear type 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013898 biolink:NamedThing karyomegalic interstitial nephritis Any interstitial nephritis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FAN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009079 biolink:NamedThing DOORS syndrome DOORS syndrome (also known as DOOR syndrome) is a multiple congenital anomalies-intellectual disability syndrome characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (deafness), onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mild to profound intellectual disability, and seizures. Isolated seizure disorders and isolated hearing loss have also been reported in individuals as a proposed spectrum of DOORS syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007422 biolink:NamedThing keratoderma hereditarium mutilans DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011169 biolink:NamedThing keratosis linearis-ichthyosis congenita-sclerosing keratoderma syndrome Keratosis linearis-ichthyosis congenita-sclerosing keratoderma (KLICK) syndrome is an inherited epidermal disorder characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma, linear hyperkeratotic papules on the flexural side of large joints (cord-like distribution around wrists, in antecubital and popliteal folds), hyperkeratotic plaques (on neck, axillae, elbows, wrists, and knees), mild ichthyosiform scaling, and sclerotic constrictions around fingers that present flexural deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011396 biolink:NamedThing loricrin keratoderma A diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, characterized by honeycomb palmoplantar hyperkeratosis associated with pseudoainhum of the fifth digit of the hand, ichthyosis and deafness. Keratoderma hereditarium mutilans with ichthyosis follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031421 biolink:NamedThing Olmsted syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007424 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 1 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DIAPH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010817 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 2A Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNQ4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010915 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 4A Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010963 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 6 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WFS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010973 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 5 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GSDME gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011031 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 10 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EYA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011032 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 11 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO7A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011058 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 9 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COCH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011074 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 7 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized by progressive high-tone hearing loss and has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1q21-q23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011102 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 12 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TECTA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011103 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 3A Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011159 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 13 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL11A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011226 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 15 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POU4F3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011350 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 17 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011389 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 16 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2q23-q24.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011480 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 20 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011519 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 23 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SIX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011568 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 25 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC17A8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011625 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 18 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 3q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011657 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 24 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 4q35-qter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011660 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 22 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011673 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 30 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 15q25-q26. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011708 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 36 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011761 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 21 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 6p24.1-p22.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011832 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 44 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC50 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011893 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 52 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 5q31.1-q32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011920 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 48 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYO1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011994 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 41 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the P2RX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012023 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 49 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized by moderate loss for low and mid frequencies and mild loss for high frequencies and has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 1q21-q23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012030 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 43 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2p12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012083 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 28 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRHL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012086 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 31 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 6p21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012090 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 47 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 9p22-p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012196 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy 1 Any auditory neuropathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DIAPH3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012380 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 53 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 14q11.2-q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012902 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 27 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 4q12-q13.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012974 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 59 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 11p14.2-q12.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012975 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 3B Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJB6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012976 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 2B Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013114 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 50 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized postlingual onset in the second decade of life with flat progressive hearing loss and has material basis in mutation in the MIRN96 gene on chromosome 7q32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013305 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 51 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized by postlingual onset in the fourth decade of life with high frequency progressive hearing loss and has material basis in a 269-kb duplication of chromosome 9q21.11 involving the TJP2 and FAM189A2 genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013593 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 64 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DIABLO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013632 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 33 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 13q34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013823 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 4B Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEACAM16 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014283 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 56 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014291 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 54 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 5q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014293 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 58 An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2p21-p12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014470 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 65 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBC1D24 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014594 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 67 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OSBPL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014603 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 40 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYM gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014738 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 69 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KITLG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014740 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 68 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HOMER2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014853 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 70 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MCM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014854 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 66 Any autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD164 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029137 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 74 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030058 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 77 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030549 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 81 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030719 biolink:NamedThing deafness, autosomal dominant 82 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030723 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 83 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030724 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 84 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030998 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 80 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032802 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 37 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032911 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 75 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032917 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 76 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033258 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 71 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033259 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 72 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033260 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 73 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033261 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 34, with or without inflammation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033665 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 78 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033668 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, autosomal dominant 79 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007429 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy with or without deafness, ophthalmoplegia, myopathy, ataxia, and neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014720 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant optic atrophy plus syndrome Autosomal dominant optic atrophy plus syndrome (ADOA plus) is a variant of autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA) associating the typical optic atrophy with other extra-ocular manifestations such as sensorineural deafness, myopathy, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. More rarely, other manifestations have been associated with this condition, such as spastic paraplegia, multiple-sclerosis like illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008131 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy, hearing loss, and peripheral neuropathy, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024569 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011330 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10) is a subtype of type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I). It is characterized by slowly progressive cerebellar syndrome and epilepsy, sometimes mild pyramidal signs, peripheral neuropathy and neuropsychological disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018849 biolink:NamedThing dentinogenesis imperfecta Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) is a hereditary dentin defect characterized by abnormal dentin structure resulting in abnormal tooth development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007443 biolink:NamedThing congenital unilateral hypoplasia of depressor anguli oris Congenital unilateral hypoplasia of depressor anguli oris is a congenital anomaly, characterized by the unilateral hypoplasia/agenesis of the depressor anguli oris muscle, resulting in an asymmetric crying facies in neonatal period/ infancy (drooping of one corner of the mouth during crying) while eye closure, nasolabial fold and forehead wrinkling are symmetric. While it can be isolated, this anomaly is also seen in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and can be accompanied by other major congenital anomalies of the cardiovascular system, as well as less frequently the musculoskeletal, cervicofacial, respiratory, genitourinary, and, rarely, endocrine systems. When isolated, the condition is cosmetically insignificant as the infant gets older (as the muscle does not contribute significantly to facial expression in childhood/ adulthood). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008644 biolink:NamedThing velocardiofacial syndrome A chromosomal disease that has material basis in deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location 22q11 and is characterized by variable developmental problems and schizoid features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012740 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, distal Distal 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 22 with a highly variable phenotype characterized by prematurity, pre- and post-natal growth retardation, developmental delay (particularly speech), mild intellectual disability, variable cardiac defects, and minor skeletal anomalies (such as clinodactyly). Dysmorphic features include prominent forehead, arched eyebrows, deep set eyes, narrow upslanting palpebral fissures, ear abnormalities, hypoplastic alae nasi, smooth philtrum, down-turned mouth, thin upper lip, retro/micrognatia and pointed chin. For certain very distal deletions, there is a risk of developing malignant rhabdoid tumours. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022993 biolink:NamedThing dipsogenic diabetes insipidus Diabetes insipidus caused by excessive intake of water due to psychological factors or damage to the thirst-regulating mechanism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023227 biolink:NamedThing gestational diabetes insipidus A form of diabetes insipidus that manifests during pregnancy (or in some cases, after pregnancy). It is characterized by theappearance of a polyuric-polydipsic syndrome that resultsin fluid intake ranging from 3 to 20 L/day. It is also charac-terized by excretion of abnormally high volumes of dilutedurine. This polyuria is insipid, i.e., the urine concentrationof dissolved substances is very low. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019846 biolink:NamedThing acquired central diabetes insipidus Acquired central diabetes insipidus (acquired CDI) is a subtype of central diabetes insipidus (CDI), characterized by polyuria and polydipsia, due to an idiopathic or secondary decrease in vasopressin (AVP) production. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007451 biolink:NamedThing diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, autosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010581 biolink:NamedThing diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007452 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 1 Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the gene HNF4A, encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018911 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young MODY (maturity-onset diabetes of the young) is a rare, familial, clinically and genetically heterogeneous form of diabetes characterized by young age of onset (generally 10-45 years of age) with maintenance of endogenous insulin production, lack of pancreatic beta-cell autoimmunity, absence of obesity and insulin resistance and extra-pancreatic manifestations in some subtypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007453 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the GCK gene, encoding glucokinase. Heterozygous GCK mutations may manifest as mild hyperglycemia, which is not progressive, and usually requires no treatment. Homozygous GCK mutations result in permanent neonatal diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010894 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the gene HNF1A, encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011667 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 4 Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the PDX1 gene, encoding pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1. Homozygous PDX1 mutations result in permanent neonatal diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011668 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 6 Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the gene NEUROD1, encoding neurogenic differentiation 1. In addition to diabetes, this condition may be associated with neurogenic anomalies. Homozygous NEUROD1 mutations result in permanent neonatal diabetes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012348 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 8 Any maturity-onset diabetes of the young in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012513 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 7 Any maturity-onset diabetes of the young in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KLF11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012818 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 9 Any maturity-onset diabetes of the young in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013240 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 10 Any maturity-onset diabetes of the young in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the INS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013242 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 11 Any maturity-onset diabetes of the young in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BLK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014458 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi renotubular syndrome 4 with maturity-onset diabetes of the young Any Fanconi syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HNF4A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014589 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 13 Any maturity-onset diabetes of the young in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014674 biolink:NamedThing maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 14 Any maturity-onset diabetes of the young in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the APPL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007454 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 2 Any type 1 diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the INS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009100 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 1 Any type 1 diabetes mellitus that is caused by variation in genes located in the MHC complex on chromosome 6p21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010861 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 3 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 15q26. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010862 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 4 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 11q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010863 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 5 Any type 1 diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SUMO4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010864 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 7 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 2q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010950 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 8 A type 1 diabetes mellituss that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 6q25-q27. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011016 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 11 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 14q24.3-q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011033 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 13 A type 1 diabetes mellituss that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 2q34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011068 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 12 Any type 1 diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTLA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011123 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 15 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 6q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011167 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 6 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 18q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011168 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 10 Any type 1 diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL2RA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011302 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 17 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 10q25. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011572 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 18 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 5q31.1-q33.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012422 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 19 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 2q24.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012919 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 20 Any type 1 diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HNF1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012920 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 21 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 6q25. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012921 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 22 Any type 1 diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCR5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012961 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 23 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 4q27. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013078 biolink:NamedThing type 1 diabetes mellitus 24 A type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 10q23.31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007471 biolink:NamedThing Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy (DHRD) is a condition that affects the eyes and causes vision loss. It is characterized bysmall, round, white spots known as drusen that accumulate beneath the retinal pigment epithelium(the pigmented layer of the retina). Over time, drusen may grow and come together, creating a honeycomb pattern. It usually begins in early to mid adulthood, but the age of onset varies.The degree of vision loss also varies. DHRD is usually caused by mutations in the EFEMP1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007639 biolink:NamedThing fundus albipunctatus Fundus albipunctatus is a rare, genetic retinal dystrophy characterized by the presence of numerous small, round, yellowish-white retinal lesions that are distributed throughout the retina but spare the fovea. Patients present in childhood with non-progressive night blindness with prolonged cone and rod adaptation times. The macula may or may not be involved, which may result in a decrease of central visual acuity with age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008865 biolink:NamedThing Bietti crystalline corneoretinal dystrophy Bietti's crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a rare progressive autosomal recessive tapetoretinal degeneration disease, occurring in the third decade of life, characterized by small sparkling crystalline deposits in the posterior retina and corneal limbus in addition to sclerosis of the choroidal vessels and manifesting as nightblindness, decreased vision, paracentral scotoma, and, in the end stages of the disease, legal blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009236 biolink:NamedThing Kandori fleck retina Kandori fleck retina is a rare, genetic retinal dystrophy characterized by irregular, sharply defined, yellowish-white lesions of variable size that are distributed mainly in the nasal equatorial region of the retina, with a tendency to confluence, that are not associated with any vascular or optic nerve abnormalities. They frequently manifest as mild and stationary night blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020245 biolink:NamedThing disease predisposing to age-related macular degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017627 biolink:NamedThing congenital hereditary facial paralysis-variable hearing loss syndrome Congenital hereditary facial paralysis-variable hearing loss syndrome is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bilateral facial palsy with masked facies, sensorineural hearing loss, dysmorphic features (midfacial retrusion, low-set ears), and strabismus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013894 biolink:NamedThing short stature-onychodysplasia-facial dysmorphism-hypotrichosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015462 biolink:NamedThing thin ribs-tubular bones-dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800063 biolink:NamedThing primordial dwarfism and slender bone disorder A skeletal dysplsia characterized by primordial dwarfism, an extreme growth deficiency disorder that has its onset during embryonic development and persists throughout life and slender bone disorder, a heterogeneous group of neonatal dwarfism syndromes, usually of unknown etiology, associated with gracile (thin) bones, multiple fractures, and prenatal or early postnatal death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009191 biolink:NamedThing Lowry-Wood syndrome Lowry-Wood syndrome is characterized by the association of epiphyseal dysplasia, short stature, microcephaly and, in the first reported cases, congenital nystagmus. So far, less than 10 cases have been described in the literature. Variable degrees of intellectual deficit have also been reported. Other occasional features include retinitis pigmentosa and coxa vara. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009318 biolink:NamedThing Hallermann-Streiff syndrome Hallermann-Streiff syndrome is a rare genetic syndrome characterized mainly by head and facial abnormalities such as bird-like facies (with beak-shaped nose and retrognathia), hypoplastic mandible, brachycephaly with frontal bossing, dental abnormalities (e.g. absence of teeth, natal teeth, supernumerary teeth, severe agenesis of permanent teeth, enamel hypoplasia) hypotrichosis, various ophthalmic disorders (e.g. congenital cataracts, bilateral microphthalmia, ptosis, nystagmus) and atrophy of skin (especially around the center of face and nose) as well as telangiectasia and proportionate short stature. Intellectual disability is reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010117 biolink:NamedThing 3M syndrome 1 Any 3-M syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CUL7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011215 biolink:NamedThing osteocraniostenosis Osteocraniostenosis is a lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by a cloverleaf skull anomaly, facial dysmorphism, limb shortness, splenic hypo/aplasia and radiological anomalies including thin tubular bones with flared metaphyses and deficient calvarial mineralization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011715 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 2 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RBBP8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013039 biolink:NamedThing 3M syndrome 2 Any 3-M syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OBSL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013443 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 5 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEP152 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013627 biolink:NamedThing 3M syndrome 3 Any 3-M syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014347 biolink:NamedThing short stature with microcephaly and distinctive facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014350 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 8 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014686 biolink:NamedThing short stature, microcephaly, and endocrine dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014722 biolink:NamedThing Roifman syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014767 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 9 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRAIP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014991 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 10 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NSMCE2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032684 biolink:NamedThing intrauterine growth retardation, metaphyseal dysplasia, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, genital anomalies, and immunodeficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009136 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 1 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal recessive mutation of NOLA3 on chromosome 15q14. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014600 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 6 Any dyskeratosis congenita in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PARN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027353 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive dyskeratosis congenita 4 A dyskeratosis congenita that has material basis in an autosomal recessive mutation of TERT on chromosome 5p15.33. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031057 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, digenic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100152 biolink:NamedThing DKC1-related disorder Any dyskeratosis congenita in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DKC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800366 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800370 biolink:NamedThing dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007492 biolink:NamedThing early-onset generalized limb-onset dystonia A rare movement disorder characterized by involuntary, repetitive, sustained muscle contractions or postures involving one or more sites of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100016 biolink:NamedThing early-onset generalized dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007493 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia 4 DYT4 type primary dystonia is characterized by predominantly laryngeal dystonia (manifesting as whispering dysphonia) and cervical dystonia (manifesting as torticollis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015990 biolink:NamedThing focal, segmental or multifocal dystonia A rare neurologic movement disorder characterized by sustained muscle contractions of a single body region, usually producing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures or positions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009141 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia 2 Primary dystonia DYT2 type is characterized by segmental dystonia that manifests with involuntary posturing affecting predominantly the feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011886 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia 13 DYT13 type primary dystonia is characterized by focal or segmental dystonia with cranial, cervical, or upper limb involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012895 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia 17 A dystonia characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of progressive dystonia, dysphonia, dysarthria and neck torticollis that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 20p11.2-q13.12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014019 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 24 Any dystonic disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ANO3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014627 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 27 Any dystonic disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL6A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019772 biolink:NamedThing blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia syndrome Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia, also called Meige dystonia or Meige syndrome is a focal dystonia involving symmetrical benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and oromandibular dystonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044637 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset generalized dyskinesia with orofacial involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100015 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset segmental dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007495 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 5 Autosomal dominant dopa-responsive dystonia (DYT5a) is a rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by childhood-onset dystonia that shows a dramatic and sustained response to low doses of levodopa (L-dopa) and that may be associated with parkinsonism at an older age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012994 biolink:NamedThing dopa-responsive dystonia due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency Dopa responsive dystonia (DRD) due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency (SRD) is a very rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by dystonia with diurnal fluctuations, axial hypotonia, oculogyric crises, and delays in motor and cognitive development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100098 biolink:NamedThing dystonia, dopa-responsive, with or without hyperphenylalaninemia, autosomal recessive A dopa-responsive dystonia characterized by marked motor delay, but no intellectual disablity, and only minimal, if any, hyperphenylalaninemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017756 biolink:NamedThing disorder of pterin metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100184 biolink:NamedThing GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency A disease characterized by a deficiency in GTP cyclohydrolase I, which leads to a consequent reduction in BH4 and reduces the activity of three BH4-cofactor dependent enzymes - phenylalanine hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, and tryptophan hydroxylase. GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency encompasses a spectrum of disease that includes autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms, with severity correlating with the residual enzyme activity. Individuals who are heterozygous for pathogenic variants in GCH1 have symptoms ranging from none (due to reduced penetrance) to dopa-responsive dystonia, which is the most common presentation in symptomatic cases, to rarer neurological presentations such as adult-onset "benign" parkinsonism, various types of focal dystonia, and symptoms simulating cerebral palsy or spastic paraplegia. Hyperphenylalaninemia is absent, and patients respond well to treatment with levodopa. Individuals who are homozygous or compound heterozygous for pathogenic variants in GCH1 typically present with hyperphenylalaninemia, often identified by newborn screening, and severe neurological features and due to very low or undetectable enzyme activity. Treatment with levodopa, BH4, and 5-hydroxytryptophan can improve the symptoms but does not prevent development of severe encephalopathy. Rare cases of GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency with a phenotype that is intermediate in severity between dopa-responsive dystonia and the severe autosomal recessive form have also been described, supporting the existence a phenotypic spectrum of disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100186 biolink:NamedThing GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency with hyperphenylalaninemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007503 biolink:NamedThing ear without helix DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016043 biolink:NamedThing isolated cleft lip Isolated cleft lip is a fissure type embryopathy extending from the upper lip to the nasal base. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007509 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 10A, hypohidrotic/hair/nail type, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013982 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 11A, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth type, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007514 biolink:NamedThing ectopia lentis 1, isolated, autosomal dominant Any isolated ectopia lentis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FBN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009152 biolink:NamedThing ectopia lentis 2, isolated, autosomal recessive An isolated ectopia lentis that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the ADAMTSL4 gene on chromosome 1q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009153 biolink:NamedThing ectopia lentis et pupillae DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007519 biolink:NamedThing Edinburgh malformation syndrome Edinburgh malformation syndrome is a rare, genetic, lethal, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by consistently abnormal facial appearance, true or apparent hydrocephalus, motor and cognitive developmental delay, failure to thrive (feeding difficulties, vomiting, chest infections) and death within a few months of birth. Carp mouth, hairiness of the forehead, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and advanced bone age may also be associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018731 biolink:NamedThing lethal multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009202 biolink:NamedThing Thakker-Donnai syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013050 biolink:NamedThing lethal polymalformative syndrome, Boissel type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015672 biolink:NamedThing diprosopus Diprosopus is a rare, life-threatening developmental defect during embryogenesis, and a subtype of conjoined twins, characterized by partial or complete duplication of the facial structures on a single head, neck, trunk and body. It may be associated with congenital anomalies involving the central nervous, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. Cleft lip and palate have been reported in rare cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018810 biolink:NamedThing lethal hydranencephaly-diaphragmatic hernia syndrome Lethal hydranencephaly-diaphragmatic hernia syndrome is a rare, genetic, lethal, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by hydranencephaly and diaphragmatic hernia, as well as macrocephaly, a widely open anterior fontanel, scaphoid abdomen and hypotonia. Additionally, congenital heart defects, polyhydramnios and pulmonary hypertension have also been associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007520 biolink:NamedThing ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip-palate syndrome 1 An EEC syndrome characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 7q11.2-q21.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011670 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome due to tenascin-X deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016528 biolink:NamedThing limb body wall complex Limb body wall complex (LBWC) is characterized by severe multiple congenital anomalies in the fetus with exencephaly/encephalocele, thoraco- and/or abdominoschisis (anterior body wall defects) and limb defects, with or without facial clefts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017235 biolink:NamedThing familial omphalocele syndrome with facial dysmorphism Familial omphalocele syndrome with facial dysmorphism is a rare genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by omphalocele associated with facial dysmorphism including flat face, short, upturned nose, long and wide philtrum and flattened maxillary arch and abnormalities of hands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017301 biolink:NamedThing pericardial and diaphragmatic defect Pericardial and diaphragmatic defect is a rare combination of absent pericardium with congenital diaphragmatic defect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017798 biolink:NamedThing Spigelian hernia-cryptorchidism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007523 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hypermobility type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hypermobility type (HT-EDS) is the most frequent form of EDS, a group of hereditary connective tissue diseases, and is characterized by joint hyperlaxity, mild skin hyperextensibility, tissue fragility and extra-musculoskeletal manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007525 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, arthrochalasis type Arthrochalasia Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (aEDS) is an inherited connective tissue disorder that is caused by defects in a protein called collagen. Common symptoms include severe joint hypermobility ; congenital hip dislocation; fragile, hyperextensible skin; hypotonia ; and kyphoscoliosis (kyphosis and scoliosis). EDS, arthrochalasia type is caused by changes (mutations) in the COL1A1 gene or the COL1A2 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Treatment and management is focused on preventing serious complications and relieving associated signs and symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007527 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, periodontitis type Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) form a heterogeneous group of hereditary connective tissue diseases characterized by joint hyperlaxity, cutaneous hyperelasticity and tissue fragility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007528 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, autosomal dominant, type unspecified DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007842 biolink:NamedThing joint laxity, familial A type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterised by generalized joint hypermobility often complicated by dislocation of major joints, particularly the shoulder but in some cases the kneecap. Congenital hip dislocation has also been frequently reported. The syndrome has been described in several families. It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait, with high penetrance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009161 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, dermatosparaxis type A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) characterized by extreme skin fragility and laxity, a prominent facial gestalt, excessive bruising and, sometimes, major complications due to visceral and vascular fragility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010586 biolink:NamedThing X-linked Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) form a heterogeneous group of hereditary connective tissue diseases characterized by joint hyperlaxity, cutaneous hyperelasticity and tissue fragility. EDS type V is characterised by hyperextensible skin but tissue fragility and joint hyperlaxity are mild. This form of EDS is very rare and has been described in only two families so far. Other reported features include congenital heart disease, hernias and short stature. Transmission is X-linked recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012114 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Beasley-Cohen type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016470 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos/osteogenesis imperfecta syndrome Ehlers-Danlos/osteogenesis imperfecta syndrome is an association of the features of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta, characterized by generalized joint hypermobility and dislocations, skin hyperextensibility and/or translucency, and easy bruising as the predominant clinical features, while being invariably associated with mild signs of osteogenesis imperfecta, including short stature, blue sclera, and osteopenia or fractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034021 biolink:NamedThing spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034022 biolink:NamedThing Bethlem myopathy 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034024 biolink:NamedThing kyphoscoliotic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome A rare systemic disease for which two subtypes exist, either related to the gene PLOD1 or FKBP14 (formerly FKBP22), and for which the clinically overlapping characteristics include congenital muscle hypotonia, congenital or early-onset kyphoscoliosis (progressive or non-progressive), and generalized joint hypermobility with dislocations/subluxations (in particular of the shoulders, hips, and knees). Additional features which may occur in both subtypes are skin hyperextensibility, easy bruising of the skin, rupture/aneurysm of a medium-sized artery, osteopenia/osteoporosis, blue sclerae, umbilical or inguinal hernia, chest deformity, marfanoid habitus, talipes equinovarus, and refractive errors. Gene-specific features, with variable presentation, are additionally observed in each subtype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040501 biolink:NamedThing ehlers-danlos syndrome, arthrochalasia type, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007533 biolink:NamedThing elliptocytosis 2 Any hereditary elliptocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPTA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008165 biolink:NamedThing southeast Asian ovalocytosis Southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO) is a rare hereditary red cell membrane defect characterized by the presence of oval-shaped erythrocytes and with most patients being asymptomatic or occasionally manifesting with mild symptoms such as pallor, jaundice, anemia and gallstones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009334 biolink:NamedThing hemolytic anemia with thermal sensitivity of red cells DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012731 biolink:NamedThing elliptocytosis 1 Any hereditary elliptocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPB41 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054780 biolink:NamedThing elliptocytosis 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019716 biolink:NamedThing overgrowth syndrome A group of syndromes caused by genetic birth defects that may lead to the development of malignancies. It is characterized by a large body size or large body parts at birth, or excessive body growth early in childhood. Representative examples include neurofibromatosis, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, and Sturge-Weber syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007590 biolink:NamedThing hemifacial hypertrophy Hemifacial hyperplasia is a rare morphological anomaly of the maxillofacial region characterized by unilateral overgrowth of all facial structures (bone, soft tissues, teeth), called true hemifacial hypertrophy, or overgrowth of one or more but not all facial structures, called partial hemifacial hypertrophy. It may be isolated or related to some syndromes (e.g. Beckwith-Wiedemann, Proteus, Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber, McCune-Albright syndrome, Neurofibromatosis type 1). It may be associated with airway obstruction, sensorineural hearing loss or swallowing difficulties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009331 biolink:NamedThing isolated hemihyperplasia Isolated hemihyperplasia is a rare overgrowth syndrome characterized by an asymmetric regional body overgrowth, involving at least one limb, and associated with an increased risk of developing embryonal tumors, principally nephroblastoma and hepoblastoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011723 biolink:NamedThing hemifacial myohyperplasia Hemifacial myohyperplasia (HMH) is a developmental disorder that frequently affects the right side of the face and is commonly seen in males. On the affected side of the face, there are usually enlarged tissues that lead to an abnormal jaw shape. Other features associated with HMH include enlargement of the brain, epilepsy, strabismus, genitourinary system disorders, intellectual disability, and dilation of the pupil on the affected side. Asymmetry of the face is more noticeable with age and remains until the end of adolescence when the asymmetry stabilizes. The cause of HMH is unknown; but theories suggest an imbalance in the endocrine system, neuronal abnormalities, chromosomal abnormalities, random events in twinning and fetal development, and vascular or lymphatic abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013125 biolink:NamedThing CLAPO syndrome CLAPO syndrome is a newly described syndrome consisting of capillary malformation of the lower lip (C), lymphatic malformation of the face and neck (L), asymmetry of face and limbs (A) and partial or generalized overgrowth (O). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015768 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 5p Trisomy 5p is a chromosomal abnormality resulting from the duplication of a segment of variable size of the short arm of chromosome 5, which usually involves the distal band 5p15. The clinical presentation is variable but is always associated with severe intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019873 biolink:NamedThing 4p16.3 microduplication syndrome 4p16.3 microduplication syndrome is a rare genetic syndrome that results from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 4. It has a highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by psychomotor and language delay, seizures and dysmorphic features such as high forehead with frontal bossing, hypertelorism, prominent glabella, long narrow palpebral fissures, low set ears and short neck. Eye abnormalities (glaucoma, irregular iris pigmentation, hyperopia) have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035162 biolink:NamedThing PIK3CA-related overgrowth syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015930 biolink:NamedThing respiratory malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008888 biolink:NamedThing Williams-Campbell syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009362 biolink:NamedThing growth delay-hydrocephaly-lung hypoplasia syndrome Growth delay - hydrocephaly - lung hypoplasia, also named Game-Friedman-Paradice syndrome, is a rare developmental disorder described in 4 sibs so far and characterized by delayed fetal growth, hydrocephaly with patent aqueduct of Sylvius, underdeveloped lungs and various other anomalies such as small jaw, intestinal malrotation, omphalocele, shortness of lower limbs, bowed tibias and foot deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009513 biolink:NamedThing laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome LOC syndrome is a subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) characterized by an altered cry in the neonatal period and by aberrant production of granulation tissue in particular affecting the upper airway tract, conjunctiva and periungual/subungual sites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009933 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia (PL) is a rare developmental disorder involving the lung and characterized by pulmonary subpleural, interlobar, perivascular, and peribronchial lymphatic dilatation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009936 biolink:NamedThing familial primary pulmonary hypoplasia Primary pulmonary hypoplasia is a rare, isolated, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by congential malformation of pulmonary parenchyma with absence of other anomalies. Neonatally patients present with decreased breath sounds, small lung volume and severe respiratory distress that is not responsive to aggressive treatment (including surfactant instillation/ mechanical respiratory support). It is usually not compatible with life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011116 biolink:NamedThing lung agenesis-heart defect-thumb anomalies syndrome Lung agenesis - heart defect - thumb anomalies is a very rare syndrome characterized by unilateral complete or partial lung agenesis, congenital cardiac defects and ipsilateral thumb anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015236 biolink:NamedThing aortic arch defects Congenital abnormalities of the aortic arch result from aberrant development of one or more components of the embyronic pharangeal arch system. Any component of tihs system can regress or persist abnormally, resulting in an extensive array of aortic arch anomalies. Clinically, they are classified by those that cause (or are likely to cause) physiolgogical abnormalities and those that do not. Physiologic abnormalities include tracheobronchial compression, esophageeal compression, and abnormal blood flow patteren. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016060 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheoesophageal cleft A laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft (LC) is a congenital malformation characterized by an abnormal, posterior, sagittal communication between the larynx and the pharynx, possibly extending downward between the trachea and the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016080 biolink:NamedThing congenital bronchobiliary fistula Congenital respiratory-biliary fistula (RBF) is a rare developmental defect characterized by an anomalous connection of trachea or bronchus with left hepatic duct presenting with respiratory distress, recurrent respiratory infections and biliary expectoration or vomitus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016523 biolink:NamedThing bronchogenic cyst Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) are congenital malformations resulting from abnormal budding of the foregut and are most commonly found in the mediastinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016580 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary airway malformation An abnormality in lung development that is characterized by a multicystic mass resulting from an adenomatous overgrowth of the terminal bronchioles with a consequent reduction of pulmonary alveoli. This anomaly is classified into three types by the cyst size. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017843 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary sequestration A rare congenital abnormality of the lungs. It consists of a mass of lung parenchyma that does not communicate with the bronchial tree and receives its blood supply from the systemic circulation instead of the pulmonary circulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018058 biolink:NamedThing tracheal agenesis Tracheal agenesis (TA) is a rare congenital malformation in which the trachea may be completely absent (agenesis), or partially in place but underdeveloped (atresia). In both cases, proximal-distal communication between the larynx and the alveoli of the lungs is lacking. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018694 biolink:NamedThing isolated tracheo-esophageal fistula A congenital or acquired abnormal communication between the trachea and the esophagus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019091 biolink:NamedThing bronchopulmonary dysplasia Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic respiratory disease that results from complications related to lung injury during the treatment of infant acute respiratory distress syndrome in low-birth-weight premature infants or from abnormal lung development in older infants. Clinical signs are tachypnea, tachycardia and signs of respiratory distress such as intercostal recession, grunting and nasal flaring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020110 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary agenesis An uncommon congenital abnormality characterized by either lethal complete absence of the lungs or varying degrees of underdevelopment of the lung parenchyma. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600016 biolink:NamedThing acinar dysplasia A lethal, developmental lung malformation resulting in neonatal respiratory insufficiency. It is characterized by pulmonary hypoplasia and arrest in the pseudoglandular stage of development, resulting in the absence of functional gas exchange. It can be caused by mutations in FGF10, FGFR2 or TBX4. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800133 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypoplasia A respiratory malformation characterized by the presence of both bronchi (albeit rudimentary) and alveoli in an under-developed lobe. Both the size and the weight of the lung are reduced. The true prevalence is not well known (1.4% of all births according to Knox et al. 13), but in cases of premature rupture of membranes at 15-28 weeks gestation, the reported prevalence of pulmonary hypoplasia ranges from 9 to 28%. Factors that contribute to pulmonary hypoplasia include adequate volume of the thoracic cavity, pulmonary fluid dynamics, and abnormal fetal breathing movements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015221 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic respiratory or mediastinal malformation A respiratory or mediastinal malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009164 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, axonal, with necrotizing myopathy, cardiomyopathy, and cataracts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011229 biolink:NamedThing ethylmalonic encephalopathy Ethylmalonic acid encephalopathy (EE) is defined by elevated excretion of ethylmalonic acid (EMA) with recurrent petechiae, orthostatic acrocyanosis and chronic diarrhoea associated with neurodevelopmental delay, psychomotor regression and hypotonia with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011412 biolink:NamedThing familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011953 biolink:NamedThing familial acute necrotizing encephalopathy Familial acute necrotizing encephalopathy or ADANE is a potentially fatal neurological disease characterised by neuropathological lesions principally involving the brainstem, thalamus and putamen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013726 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, lethal, due to defective mitochondrial peroxisomal fission 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014905 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014968 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, progressive, with amyotrophy and optic atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020853 biolink:NamedThing encephalitis/encephalopathy, mild, with reversible myelin vacuolization DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032681 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, progressive, early-onset, with episodic rhabdomyolysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016365 biolink:NamedThing familial primary hyperparathyroidism An instance of primary hyperparathyroidism (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020524 biolink:NamedThing primary parathyroid hyperplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015185 biolink:NamedThing intestinal polyposis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007546 biolink:NamedThing myeloproliferative disorder, chronic, with eosinophilia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007548 biolink:NamedThing transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn Transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn is a rare subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) characterized by generalized blistering at birth that usually regresses within the first 6 to 24 months of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007549 biolink:NamedThing generalized dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Generalized dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DDEB-gen) is a subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB), formerly known as DDEB, Pasini and Cockayne-Touraine types, characterized by generalized blistering, milia formation, atrophic scarring, and dystrophic nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007552 biolink:NamedThing pretibial dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Pretibial dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a rare subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) characterized by the development of blisters, erosions, and lichenoid lesions predominantly in the pretibial region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009178 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica Neurotrophica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009179 biolink:NamedThing recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Severe generalized recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB-sev gen) is the most severe subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB), formerly known as the Hallopeau-Siemens type, and is characterized by generalized cutaneous and mucosal blistering and scarring associated with severe deformities and major extracutaneous involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011398 biolink:NamedThing dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa is a rare subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) characterized by generalized or localized skin lesions associated with severe, if not intractable, pruritus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015552 biolink:NamedThing acral dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Acral dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a very rare subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) characterized by blistering confined primarily to the hands and feet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015553 biolink:NamedThing dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, nails only Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, nails only is a rare subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) that shows no blistering and that is characterized by dystrophic or absent nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019521 biolink:NamedThing centripetalis recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Centripetalis recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB-Ce) is an extremely rare subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB), characterized by blistering which begins acrally and then progressively spreads toward the trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019522 biolink:NamedThing recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa-generalized other Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB)-generalized other, also known as RDEB non-Hallopeau-Siemens type, is a subtype of DEB characterized by generalized cutaneous and mucosal blistering that is not associated with severe deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035349 biolink:NamedThing localized dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa A localized form of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa characterized by blisters confined primarily to the hands and feet (acral form) or to the pretibial region (pretibial form). Nail dystrophy or loss is common and may be an isolated finding (nail only form). This disease can be inherited via autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800206 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica with subcorneal cleavage DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007550 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 1A, generalized severe A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by the presence of generalized vesicles and small blisters in grouped or arcuate configuration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007551 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 1C, localized A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS). The disease is characterized by blisters occurring mainly on the palms and soles, exacerbated by warm weather. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007554 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 1B, generalized intermediate Non-Dowling-Meara generalized epidermolysis bullosa simplex, formerly known as epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Kobner type (EBS-K) is a generalized basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by non-herpetiform blisters and erosions arising in particular at sites of friction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007555 biolink:NamedThing pidermolysis bullosa simplex 5A, Ogna type A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by sometimes widespread, primarily acral blistering. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007556 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 2F, with mottled pigmentation A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by generalized blistering with mottled or reticulate brown pigmentation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010976 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 1D, generalized, intermediate or severe, autosomal recessive A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex EBS characterized by generalized or, less frequently, localized acral blistering. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012258 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 2E, with migratory circinate erythema A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by belt-like areas of erythema with multiple vesicles and small blisters at the advancing edge of erythema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012807 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5C, with pyloric atresia A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by generalized severe blistering with widespread congenital absence of skin and pyloric atresia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014014 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 4, localized or generalized intermediate, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014180 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 3, localized or generalized intermediate, with BP230 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014661 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex with nail dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015550 biolink:NamedThing suprabasal epidermolysis bullosa simplex A form of epidermolysis bullosa simplex in which blistering occurs above the basal keratinocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016514 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex with anodontia/hypodontia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030489 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 2A, generalized severe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030525 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 2B, generalized intermediate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030527 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 2C, localized DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030535 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex 2d, generalized, intermediate or severe, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035684 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex without extracutaneous involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035685 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex with extracutaneous involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007558 biolink:NamedThing benign occipital epilepsy Benign occipital epilepsy is a rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by visual seizures and occipital epileptiform paroxysms reactive to ocular opening which present in infancy to mid-adolescence. Vomiting, tonic eye deviation and impairment of consciousness are typically associated with the Panayiotopoulos type, while visual hallucinations, ictal blindness and post-ictal headache are commonly observed in the Gastaut type. Electroencephalographic findings in both types are similar and include bilateral, synchronous, high voltage spike-wave complexes in a normal background activity located predominantly in the occipital lobes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020072 biolink:NamedThing childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome A epilepsy syndrome that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011970 biolink:NamedThing rolandic epilepsy-paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia-writer's cramp syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015345 biolink:NamedThing perioral myoclonia with absences Perioral myoclonia with absences is a rare epilepsy syndrome characterized by absence seizures with perioral myoclonia as the main seizure type, accompanied by generalized tonic-clonic seizures, appearing before or together with absences. Consciousness is usually impaired, although to variable degree. Commonly observed absence status epilepticus, poor response to antiepileptic drugs and persistence of seizures into adulthood, in the presence of normal neurological status and intelligence, are additional clinical features of this syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015346 biolink:NamedThing Jeavons syndrome Jeavons syndrome is an idiopathic generalized form of reflex epilepsy characterized by childhood onset, unique seizure manifestations, striking light sensitivity, and possible occurrence of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015584 biolink:NamedThing febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) describes an explosive-onset, potentially fatal acute epileptic encephalopathy that develops in previously healthy children and adolescents following the onset of a non-specific febrile illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015585 biolink:NamedThing cryptogenic late-onset epileptic spasms Cryptogenic late-onset epileptic spasms is a rare epilepsy syndrome characterized by late-onset (after 1 year old) epileptic spasms that ocurr in clusters, associated with tonic seizures, atypical absences and cognitive deterioration. Language difficulties and behavior problems are frequently present. EEG is characterized by a temporal, or temporofrontal, slow wave or spike focus combined with synchronous spike-waves and no hypsarrhythmia or background activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015587 biolink:NamedThing rolandic epilepsy-speech dyspraxia syndrome A rare, genetic epilepsy characterized by speech disorder (including a range of symptoms from dysarthria, speech dyspraxia, receptive and expressive language delay/regression and acquired aphasia to subtle impairments of conversational speech) and epilepsy (mostly focal and secondary generalized childhood-onset seizures, sometimes with aura). Mild to severe intellectual disability may also be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017325 biolink:NamedThing early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation is a rare intellectual disability and epilepsy syndrome characterized by global developmental delay and mild to profound intellectual disability, multiple types of usually intractable focal and generalized seizures with variable abnormal EEG findings, and bilateral progressive parenchymal volume loss and thin corpus callosum on brain MRI. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018199 biolink:NamedThing new-onset refractory status epilepticus New-onset refractory status epilepticus is an acute encephalopathy with inflammation-mediated status epilepticus characterized by an acute refractory status epilepticus, typically of the tonic-clonic type, following prodromal symptoms of confusion, fever, fatigue, headache, symptoms of gastrointestinal or upper respiratory tract infection, behavioral changes or hallucinations. Brain MRI abnormalities and abnormal findings in CSF, including pleocytosis and/or elevated protein levels, are frequently found during acute episode. Treatment-resistant epilepsy, cognitive and psychiatric impairments are usual consequences. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019485 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia syndrome A rare acute encephalopathy with inflammation-mediated status epilepticus characterized by infancy-onset of refractory unilateral, mainly clonic status epilepticus during or shortly after a febrile episode without evidence of central nervous system infection, followed by permanent or transient hemiplegia with a minimum duration of one week. The majority of children develop pharmaco-resistant epilepsy a few months later. Brain imaging shows edematous swelling of the affected hemisphere at the time of the initial status, followed by hemiatrophy that does not correlate with any vascular territory. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100020 biolink:NamedThing atypical childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes A childhood-onset epilepsy that is characterized by frequent seizures of multiple types, including nocturnal focal motor and fronto-parietal opercular seizures, and daytime focal motor seizures with negative myoclonus and atypical absence seizures. Centrotemporal sharp waves are seen on EEG. During the phase of the epilepsy when seizures are frequent, neuropsychological deficits and motor impairment may be present. These deficits improve when seizures remit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100021 biolink:NamedThing photosensitive occipital lobe epilepsy A childhood-onset epilepsy that is characterized by the presence of visually-induced focal occipital lobe seizures. A proportion of patients with this syndrome have developmental delays and learning difficulty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007559 biolink:NamedThing photoparoxysmal response 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012304 biolink:NamedThing photoparoxysmal response 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012305 biolink:NamedThing photoparoxysmal response 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007561 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 1 Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 1 (MED 1) is a form of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia that is characterized by normal or mild short stature, pain in the hips and/or knees, progressive deformity of extremities and early-onset osteoarthrosis. Specific features to MED 1 include a more pronounced involvement of hip joints and gait abnormality and a shorter adult height. MED1 is allelic to pseudoachondroplasia with which it shares clinical and radiological features. The disease follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009189 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 4 Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 4 is a multiple epiphyseal dysplasia with a late-childhood onset, characterized by joint pain involving hips, knees, wrists, and fingers with occasional limitation of joint movements, deformity of hands, feet, and knees (club foot, clinodactyly, brachydactyly), scoliosis and slightly reduced adult height. Radiographs display flat epiphyses with early arthritis of the hip, and double-layered patella. Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 4 follows an autosomal recessive mode of transmission. The disease is allelic to diastrophic dwarfism, atelosteogenesis type 2 and achondrogenesis type 1B with whom it forms a clinical continuum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011109 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Lowry type Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Lowry type is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by small, flat epiphyses (esp. the capital femoral epiphyses), rhizomelic shortening of limbs, cleft of secondary palate, micrognathia, mild joint contractures and facial dysmorphism (incl. mildly upward-slanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, broad nasal tip). Additionally reported features include scoliosis, genu valgum, mild pectus excavatum, platyspondyly, dislocated radial heads, brachydactyly, hypoplastic fibulae and talipes equinovarus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011765 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 5 Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 5 is a multiple epiphyseal dysplasia characterized by an early-onset of pain and stiffness (involving knee and hip), progressive deformity of the extremities and precocious osteoarthritis associated with delayed and irregular ossification of epiphyses. Features specific to multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, type 5 include normal stature and lesser incidence of gait abnormalities. Radiographs reveal epiphyseal and metaphyseal irregularities. Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 5 follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011778 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Al-Gazali type Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Al-Gazali type is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, macrocephaly and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012253 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with severe proximal femoral dysplasia Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with severe proximal femoral dysplasia is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by severe, early-onset dysplasia of the proximal femurs, with almost complete absence of the secondary ossification centers and abnormal development of the femoral necks (short and broad with irregular metaphyses). It is associated with gait abnormality, mild short stature, arthralgia, joint stiffness with limited mobility of the hips and irregular acetabula, and hip and knee pain. Coxa vara and mild spinal changes are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012254 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with miniepiphyses Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with miniepiphyses is a rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by strikingly small secondary ossification centers (mini-epiphyses) in all or only some joints, resulting in severe bone dysplasia of the proximal femoral heads. Short stature, increased lumbar lordosis, genua vara and generalized joint laxity have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015627 biolink:NamedThing multiple epiphyseal dysplasia due to collagen 9 anomaly Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia due to collagen 9 anomaly is a rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by normal or mild short stature, early-onset pain and/or stiffness of the joints (mainly affecting knees but also elbows, wrists, ankles and fingers, with relative sparing of the hips) and early degenerative joint disease. Other skeletal anomalies (incl. varus or valgus deformities, osteochondritis dissecans, abnormal carpal shape, free articular bodies) and mild myopathy have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054680 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007565 biolink:NamedThing familial cylindromatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011114 biolink:NamedThing familial multiple trichoepithelioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007568 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 4 Any familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYH11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011770 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012730 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 6 Any familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013418 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014187 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 8 Any familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014514 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 9 Any familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MFAP5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014950 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 10 Any familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LOX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024559 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030731 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007571 biolink:NamedThing primary erythermalgia Primary erythermalgia is characterized by intermittent attacks of red, warm, painful burning extremities. It spontaneously arises during early childhood and adolescence in the absence of any detectable underlying disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035149 biolink:NamedThing secondary erythromelalgia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007572 biolink:NamedThing primary familial polycythemia due to EPO receptor mutation Primary familial polycythemia is an inherited hematological disorder resulting from mutations in the erythropoietin (EPO) receptor and is characterized by an elevated absolute red blood cell mass caused by uncontrolled red blood cell production in the presence of low EPO levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009892 biolink:NamedThing Chuvash polycythemia Chuvash erythrocytosis is a rare, genetic, congenital secondary polycythemia disorder characterized by increased hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythropoietin serum levels and normal oxygen affinity, which usually manifests with headache, dizziness, dyspnea and/or plethora. Patients present an increased risk of hemorrhage, thrombosis and early death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033483 biolink:NamedThing erythrocytosis, familial, 5 Any familial polycythemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054801 biolink:NamedThing erythrocytosis, familial, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054802 biolink:NamedThing erythrocytosis, familial, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017681 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratoderma variabilis progressiva A type of erythrokeratoderma characterized by the association of hyperkeratosis and erythema in persistent, although sometimes variable, circumscribed lesions. Progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma (PSEK) and erythrokeratoderma variabilis (EKV) are probably no longer two distinctive diseases but rather the two clinical manifestations of a same disease, now known as EKVP. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017836 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratoderma en cocardes Erythrokeratoderma 'en cocardes' is a rare genodermatosis characterised by circumscribed target-like (or 'en cocardes') erythematous hyperkeratotic lesions. These lesions, which remit and recur, affect the trunk and extremities and are accompanied by scaly plaques evocative of erythrokeratoderma variabilis. Onset usually occurs at birth or during early childhood. Only few cases have been described. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018774 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia-cardiomyopathy syndrome A rare, genetic erythrokeratoderma disorder characterized by generalized cutaneous erythema with fine white scales and pruritus refractory to treatment, progressive dilated cardiomyopathy, palmoplantar keratoderma, sparse or absent eyebrows and eyelashes, sparse scalp hair, nail dystrophy, and dental enamel anomalies. Variable features include failure to thrive, developmental delay, and development of corneal opacities. Histology shows psoriasiform acanthosis, hypogranulosis, and compact orthohyperkeratosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007586 biolink:NamedThing exostoses, multiple, type 2 This gene is involved in the heparin/heparin sulfate biosynthesis, cell organization/biogenesis and development of the cytoskeleton in chondrocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010846 biolink:NamedThing exostoses, multiple, type III DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007589 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010588 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy 2, X-linked Any exudative vitreoretinopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NDP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011151 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011592 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013218 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy 5 Any exudative vitreoretinopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TSPAN12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014652 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy 6 Any exudative vitreoretinopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZNF408 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033123 biolink:NamedThing exudative vitreoretinopathy 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007594 biolink:NamedThing factor 5 excess with spontaneous thrombosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008559 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia due to thrombin defect The formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of a vein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010432 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia, X-linked, due to factor 9 defect A hemostatic disorder characterized by a tendency to thrombosis that has X-linked recessive inheritance, and can be caused by a gain-of-function mutation in the gene encoding factor IX (F9). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012872 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia, familial, due to decreased release of tissue plasminogen activator DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012876 biolink:NamedThing heparin cofactor 2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013143 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital histidine-rich (poly-L) glycoprotein deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013144 biolink:NamedThing hereditary antithrombin deficiency A rare, genetic, hematological disease characterized by decreased levels of antithrombin activity in plasma resulting in impaired inactivation of thrombin and factor Xa. Patients have an increased risk for venous thromboembolism, usually in the deep veins of the arms, legs and pulmonary system and, on occasion, in other venous territories (e.g. cerebral veins or sinus, mesenteric, portal, hepatic, renal and/or retinal veins). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019144 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital protein S deficiency Congenital protein S deficiency is an inherited coagulation disorder characterized by recurrent venous thrombosis symptoms due to reduced synthesis and/or activity levels of protein S. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019145 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital protein C deficiency Congenital protein C deficiency is an inherited coagulation disorder characterized by deep venous thrombosis symptoms due to reduced synthesis and/or activity levels of protein C. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007600 biolink:NamedThing primary Fanconi syndrome A condition in which the kidneys do not absorb certain substances into the body. These substances, such as cysteine, fructose, galactose, or glycogen, are lost in the urine. Fanconi syndrome is thought to be caused by genetic and environmental factors, and it may be diagnosed at any age. Symptoms of Fanconi syndrome include increased urine production (which may cause dehydration), weakness, and abnormalities of the bones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100238 biolink:NamedThing inherited Fanconi renotubular syndrome An instance of Fanconi renotubular syndrome that is inherited. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030056 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi renotubular syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007601 biolink:NamedThing familial Mediterranean fever, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018739 biolink:NamedThing neonatal alloimmune neutropenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007609 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis, gingival, 1 Any gingival fibromatosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011563 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis, gingival, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012378 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis, gingival, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012598 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis, gingival, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033493 biolink:NamedThing fibromatosis, gingival, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025699 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032702 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 8 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMARCC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032791 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032912 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054831 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 7 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DPF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009470 biolink:NamedThing Baraitser-Winter syndrome 1 Any Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014914 biolink:NamedThing Dias-Logan syndrome Any BAFopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BCL11A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032770 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with severe speech and ambulation defects Any BAFopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTL6B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033492 biolink:NamedThing Coffin-Siris syndrome 6 Any Coffin-Siris syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARID2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060763 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with speech delay, dysmorphic facies, and t-cell abnormalities Any BAFopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BCL11B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700121 biolink:NamedThing ACTL6A-related BAFopathy Any BAFopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTL6A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700122 biolink:NamedThing PBRM1-related BAFopathy Any BAFopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PBRM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700123 biolink:NamedThing SMARCC1-related BAFopathy Any BAFopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMARCC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007620 biolink:NamedThing fish eye disease Fish eye disease (FED) is a form of genetic LCAT (lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase) deficiency characterized clinically by corneal opacifications, and biochemically by significantly reduced HDL cholesterol and partial LCAT enzyme deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011149 biolink:NamedThing premature aging syndrome, Okamoto type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020256 biolink:NamedThing congenital trochlear nerve palsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007627 biolink:NamedThing focal facial dermal dysplasia type I Focal facial dermal dysplasia type I (FFDD1), also known as Brauer syndrome, is a focal facial dysplasia (FFDD) characterized by congenital bitemporal cutis aplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009203 biolink:NamedThing focal facial dermal dysplasia type III Focal facial dermal dysplasia type III (FFDD3) is a rare focal facial facial dysplasia (FFDD), characterized primarily by congenital bitemporal scar-like depressions and a typical, but variable facial dysmorphism, which may include distichiasis (upper lids) or lacking eyelashes, slanted eyebrows and a flattened and/or bulbous nasal tip and other features such as a low frontal hairline, sparse hair, redundant skin, epicanthal folds, low-set dysplastic ears, blepharitis and conjunctivitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013997 biolink:NamedThing focal facial dermal dysplasia type IV Focal facial dermal dysplasia type IV (FFDD4) is a rare focal facial dysplasia (FFDD), characterized by congenital isolated preauricular and/or cheek blister scar-like lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007628 biolink:NamedThing foveal hypoplasia 1 Any foveal hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012216 biolink:NamedThing foveal hypoplasia - optic nerve decussation defect - anterior segment dysgenesis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008136 biolink:NamedThing isolated optic nerve hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007630 biolink:NamedThing North Carolina macular dystrophy North Carolina macular dystrophy (NCMD) is a non-progressive autosomal dominant macular disorder of congenital or infantile onset characterized by loss of central vision, the accumulation of drusen in the macula and atrophy of photoreceptor cells with a variable phenotype at macular examination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011957 biolink:NamedThing retinal macular dystrophy type 2 Retinal macular dystrophy type 2 is a rare, genetic macular dystrophy disorder characterized by slowly progressive ''bull's eye'' maculopathy associated, in most cases, with mild decrease in visual acuity and central scotomata. Usually, only the central retina is involved, however some cases of more widespread rod and cone anomalies have been reported. Rare additional features include empty sella turcica, impaired olfaction, renal infections, hematuria and recurrent miscarriages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012139 biolink:NamedThing macular dystrophy, retinal, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016894 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007716 biolink:NamedThing alpha thalassemia-intellectual disability syndrome type 1 Alpha-thalassemia-intellectual deficit syndrome linked to chromosome 16 (ATR-16), a contiguous gene deletion syndrome, is a form of alpha-thalassemia characterized by microcytosis, hypochromia, normal hemoglobin (Hb) level or mild anemia, associated with developmental abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010856 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease type 1 with tuberous sclerosis Polycystic kidney disease with tuberous sclerosis (PKD-TSC) is characterised by early-onset and severe polycystic kidney disease with various manifestations of tuberous sclerosis (multiple angiomyolipomas, lymphangioleiomyomatosis and periventricular calcifications of the central nervous system). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012756 biolink:NamedThing proximal 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome A chromosomal anomaly characterized by developmental and language delays, mild intellectual disability, social impairments (autism spectrum disorders), mild variable dysmorphism and predisposition to obesity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013320 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16p12.2-p11.2 deletion syndrome 16p11.2-p12.2 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016836 biolink:NamedThing 16p13.11 microdeletion syndrome 16p13.11 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay, microcephaly, epilepsy, short stature, facial dysmorphism and behavioral problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022752 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16p13.3 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015418 biolink:NamedThing lateral facial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011082 biolink:NamedThing oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015464 biolink:NamedThing craniofrontonasal dysplasia-Poland anomaly syndrome Cranio-fronto-nasal dysplasia - Poland anomaly is a polymalformative syndrome characterised by craniosynostosis, Poland anomaly, cranio-fronto-nasal dysplasia, and genital and breast anomalies. Less than ten cases have been described so far. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044628 biolink:NamedThing six2-related frontonasal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007944 biolink:NamedThing Treacher Collins syndrome 1 Any Treacher-Collins syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCOF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009558 biolink:NamedThing Treacher Collins syndrome 3 Any Treacher-Collins syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLR1C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013385 biolink:NamedThing Treacher Collins syndrome 2 Any Treacher-Collins syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLR1D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007637 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 1 Any Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL8A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012425 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, fuchs endothelial, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013203 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 3 Any Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCF4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013204 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 4 Any Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC4A11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013205 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, fuchs endothelial, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013206 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 6 Any Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZEB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013207 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, fuchs endothelial, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014228 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 8 Any Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AGBL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011838 biolink:NamedThing Bothnia retinal dystrophy A rare form of retinal dystrophy, seen mostly in Northern Sweden, presenting in early childhood with night blindness and progressive maculopathy with a decrease in visual acuity, eventually leading to blindness by adulthood. Retinal degeneration, without obvious bone spicule formation, accompanied by affected visual fields and the typical presence of retinitis punctata albescens in the posterior pole are also noted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007644 biolink:NamedThing IgAD1 Decreased or absent levels of serum immunoglobulin A, with normal serum levels of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M in a patient who is older than 4 years of age and in whom all other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia have been excluded. Affected individuals may be asymptomatic or have frequent infections, allergic reactions, or autoimmune disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010019 biolink:NamedThing secretory component deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012291 biolink:NamedThing immunoglobulin A deficiency 2 Any selective IgA deficiency disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNFRSF13B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007648 biolink:NamedThing hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma An autosomal dominant inherited adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastric mucosa and is characterized by the presence of poorly cohesive malignant cells and absence of glandular formations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018184 biolink:NamedThing gastric linitis plastica Gastric linitis plastica (gastric LP) is a malignant, diffuse, infiltrative gastric adenocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015617 biolink:NamedThing genetic gastro-esophageal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007856 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma-esophageal carcinoma syndrome An inherited condition characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma and esophageal cancer. The palmoplantar keratoderma usually begins around age 10, and esophageal cancer may form after age 20. This condition is caused by a mutation in the RHBDF2 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014331 biolink:NamedThing Moyamoya disease with early-onset achalasia Moyamoya disease with early-onset achalasia is an exceedingly rare autosomal recessive neurological disorder reported only in a few families so far. It is characterized by the association of early onset achalasia (manifesting in infancy) with severe intracranial angiopathy that is consistent with moyamoya angiopathy in most cases (moyamoya disease). Other variable associated manifestations include hypertension, Raynaud phenomenon, and livedo reticularis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017790 biolink:NamedThing gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach A rare hereditary gastric cancer characterized by proximal gastric polyposis and increased risk of early-onset, intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the gastric body, with no duodenal or colorectal polyposis. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017599 biolink:NamedThing splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma Splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma is a rare, indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by abnormal proliferation of small, monomorphous, basophilic B-lymphocytes, with villous cytoplasm, in the splenic red pulp, bone marrow and peripheral blood. It typically presents in the late clinical stages with splenomegaly and moderate lymphocytosis. Cytopenias are rare and likely associated with hypersplenism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019462 biolink:NamedThing splenic marginal zone lymphoma Splenic marginal zone lymphoma is a rare, indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of mature B-lymphocytes with involvement in the spleen, bone marrow and, frequently, the blood. It usually presents with splenomegaly, lymphocytosis, anemia and/or thrombocytopenia. Hepatitis C virus and autoimmune manifestations, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia and autoimmune thrombocytopenia, could be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019465 biolink:NamedThing nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma is a rare, indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of mature B-lymphocytes with involvement of the lymph nodes, sometimes the bone marrow, and rarely the blood. Clinically it presents with disseminated peripheral, abdominal and/or thoracic lymphadenopathy. Cytopenia and bulky tumors (greater than 5 cm) are rare. Association with Hepatitis C virus and chronic inflammation has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018009 biolink:NamedThing non-hypoproteinemic hypertrophic gastropathy Non-hypoproteinemic hypertrophic gastropathy is a rare gastroesophageal disease characterized by diffusely enlarged gastric folds, excessive mucus secretion, normal serum protein and gastric TGF-alpha levels. Patients typically present anemia, abdominal pain not related to eating or bowel habits and absence of peripheral edema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044624 biolink:NamedThing pediatric collagenous gastritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007662 biolink:NamedThing anterior segment dysgenesis 4 Any iridogoniodysgenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PITX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019628 biolink:NamedThing Rieger anomaly Rieger's anomaly is a congenital ocular defect caused by anterior segment dysgenesis and is characterized by severe anterior chamber deformity with prominent strands and marked atrophy of the iris stroma, with hole or pseudo-hole formation and corectopia. The term covers the association of these iris and pupil anomalies with the features of AxenfeldBs anomaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007663 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma with elevated episcleral venous pressure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015485 biolink:NamedThing primary hereditary glaucoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016559 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma secondary to spherophakia/ectopia lentis and megalocornea Glaucoma secondary to spherophakia/ectopia lentis and megalocornea is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic developmental defect of the eye disorder characterized by congenital megalocornea associated with spherophakia and/or ectopia lentis leading to pupillary block and secondary glaucoma. Additional features may include flat irides, iridodonesis, axial myopia, very deep anterior chambers, miotic, oval pupils without well-defined borders, ocular pain and irritability manifesting as conjunctival injection, corneal edema and central scarring, as well as a high arched palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020216 biolink:NamedThing secondary dysgenetic glaucoma A hereditary disease that is associated with congenital ocular anomalies such as conditions associated with mesodermal dysgenesis of the neural crest, phakomatoses characterized by hamartomas, metabolic disorders, mitotic disorders, and other congenital disorders and associated with acquired conditions such as tumors, uveitis, and trauma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035075 biolink:NamedThing secondary early-onset glaucoma of genetic origin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007664 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, A Any juvenile glaucoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYOC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012101 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, J DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012102 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, K DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012515 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, M DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012645 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, N DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800210 biolink:NamedThing glaucoma 1, open angle, l DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007667 biolink:NamedThing subependymoma Subependymoma is a rare and slow growing type of ependymoma, often presenting in middle-aged adults, found more commonly in men than in women, usually located in the fourth and lateral ventricles and manifesting with variable symptoms including headache, nausea, and loss of balance. In some cases it can be asymptomatic. It is usually associated with a better prognosis than other forms of ependymoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007670 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis-lymphedema-telangiectasia syndrome (grouping) Hypotrichosis - lymphedema - telangiectasia is an extremely rare syndromic lymphedema disorder characterized by early-onset hypotrichosis, childhood-onset lymphedema, and variable telangiectasia, particularly of the palms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007919 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 1 Any hereditary lymphedema in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FLT4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011257 biolink:NamedThing MPI-congenital disorder of glycosylation MPI-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation, characterized by cyclic vomiting, profound hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, liver fibrosis, gastrointestinal complications (protein-losing enteropathy with hypoalbuminaemia, life-threatening intestinal bleeding of diffuse origin), and thrombotic events (protein C and S deficiency, low anti-thrombine III levels), whereas neurological development and cognitive capacity is usually normal. The clinical course is variable even within families. The disease is caused by loss of function of the gene MPI (15q24.1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012765 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013278 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 3 Any hereditary lymphedema in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014393 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 4 Any hereditary lymphedema in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VEGFC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014797 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015009 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023662 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030270 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030316 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031043 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032907 biolink:NamedThing lymphatic malformation 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007917 biolink:NamedThing lymphedema-cerebral arteriovenous anomaly syndrome Lymphedema-cerebral arteriovenous anomaly syndrome is characterised by the variable association of a cerebrovascular malformation, foot lymphoedema and primary pulmonary hypertension. It has been described in a woman and four of her children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007921 biolink:NamedThing yellow nail syndrome A very rare syndromic disorder characterized by the variable triad of characteristic yellow nails, chronic respiratory manifestations, and primary lymphedema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009272 biolink:NamedThing German syndrome German syndrome is an autosomal recessive arthrogryposis syndrome, described in 5 cases. Three of the four known families with affected children were Ashkenazi Jews. German syndrome is characterized by arthrogryposis, hypotonia-hypokinesia sequence, and lymphedema. Patients present distinct craniofacial appearance (tall forehead and ''carp''-shaped mouth, cleft palate), contractures, severe hypotonia manifesting as motor delay, and swallowing difficulties. The disease has a severe morbidity and mortality rate and survivors present a small stature, hypotonia, frequent upper respiratory infections, and psychomotor delay. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009333 biolink:NamedThing mullerian derivatives-lymphangiectasia-polydactyly syndrome Mullerian derivatives-lymphangiectasia-polydactyly syndrome is characterised by prenatal linear growth deficiency, hypertrophied alveolar ridges, redundant nuchal skin, postaxial polydactyly and cryptorchidism. Mullerian duct remnants, lymphangiectasis, and renal anomalies are also present. Three cases have been described. A small penis was observed in two of these cases. The syndrome is likely to be an autosomal recessive or X-linked trait. All the reported patients died neonatally of hepatic failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011166 biolink:NamedThing lymphedema-atrial septal defects-facial changes syndrome Lymphedema-atrial septal defects-facial changes syndrome is characterised by congenital lymphoedema of the lower limbs, atrial septal defect and a characteristic facies (a round face with a prominent forehead, a flat nasal bridge with a broad nasal tip, epicanthal folds, a thin upper lip and a cleft chin). It has been described in two brothers and a sister. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035473 biolink:NamedThing warts-immunodeficiency-lymphedema-anogenital dysplasia syndrome A rare primary lymphedema characterized by extensive, multisegmental lymphedema, associated with persistent, widespread infections with various genital high- and low-risk human papillomaviruses, resulting in multifocal anogenital dysplasia. Laboratory examination shows abnormalities in lymphocyte subsets, in particular CD4+ T-cells. Epidermal nevi and capillary malformations have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010290 biolink:NamedThing goiter, multinodular 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011635 biolink:NamedThing goiter, multinodular 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008309 biolink:NamedThing primary release disorder of platelets DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008332 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type von Willebrand disease A bleeding disorder characterized by mild to moderate mucocutaneous bleeding, which becomes more pronounced during pregnancy or following ingestion of drugs that have anti-platelet activity. PT-VWD is due to hyperresponsive platelets, resulting in thrombocytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008553 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 17 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the GFI1B gene, encoding zinc finger protein Gfi-1b. It is characterized by a tendency for increased bleeding due to abnormal platelet function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011136 biolink:NamedThing Quebec platelet disorder Quebec platelet syndrome (QPS) is a platelet granule disorder characterized by moderate to severe bleeding after trauma, surgery or obstetric interventions, frequent ecchymoses, mucocutaneous bleeding and muscle and joint bleeds. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014078 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 15 Any inherited bleeding disorder, platelet-type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014518 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 19 Any isolated hereditary giant platelet disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKACG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014830 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 20 Any inherited bleeding disorder, platelet-type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLFN14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030996 biolink:NamedThing bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 24 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032765 biolink:NamedThing bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054577 biolink:NamedThing bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020117 biolink:NamedThing alpha granule disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008557 biolink:NamedThing Paris-Trousseau thrombocytopenia Paris-Trousseau thrombocytopenia (TCPT) is a contiguous gene syndrome characterized by mild bleeding tendency, variable thrombocytopenia (THC), dysmorphic facies, abnormal giant alpha-granules in platelets and dysmegakaryopoiesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018268 biolink:NamedThing Medich giant platelet syndrome Medich giant platelet syndrome (MGPS) is a platelet granule disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia with giant platelets resulting in easy bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018269 biolink:NamedThing white platelet syndrome White platelet syndrome (WPS) is is a platelet granule disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, increased mean platelet volumes, decreased platelet responsiveness to aggregating agents, and significant defects in platelet ultrastructural morphology leading to prolonged bleeding times and bleeding. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013352 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-severe speech delay-mild dysmorphism syndrome Intellectual disability-severe speech delay-mild dysmorphism syndrome, also known as intellectual disability with language impairment and with or without autistic features, is adisorder characterized by global developmental delay with moderate to severe speech delay thataffects expressive speech. Most patients have difficulty articulating words. Common signs and symptoms include broad forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, short nose with broad tip, head appearing too large for the body, frontal hair upsweep, and bulging digit pads anddelatyed gross motor skills. Some patients have autistic features and/or behavioral problems. Congenital malformations may be associated. All reported cases have occurred de novo (without any cases in the family). It is caused by alterations (mutations) in the caused by heterozygous mutation in the FOXP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014210 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability-hypotonia-spasticity-sleep disorder syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014320 biolink:NamedThing Bosch-Boonstra-Schaaf optic atrophy syndrome Optic atrophy-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, hereditary, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, and significant visual impairment due to optic nerve atrophy, optic nerve hypoplasia or cerebral visual impairment. Other common clinical signs and symptoms are hypotonia, oromotor dysfunction, seizures, autism spectrum disorder, and repetitive behaviors. Dysmorphic facial features are variable and nonspecific. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014358 biolink:NamedThing AHDC1-related intellectual disability - obstructive sleep apnea - mild dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017241 biolink:NamedThing AP4-related intellectual disability and spastic paraplegia A disorder that presents with spastic paraplegia and intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP4B1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017928 biolink:NamedThing 9p13 microdeletion syndrome 9p13 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial interstitial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 9, characterized by mild to moderate developmental delay, hand tremors, myoclonic jerks, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and a social personality. Patients also present bruxism, short stature and minor facial dysmorphic features (e.g., bilateral epicantic folds, broad, flat nasal bridge, anteverted nares, low-set ears micro/retro-gnathia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020119 biolink:NamedThing X-linked syndromic intellectual disability A syndromic intellectual disability with an X-linked mode of inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044322 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder with neuropsychiatric features Intellectual developmental disorder with neuropsychiatric features is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by moderate intellectual disability, relatively mild seizures, and neuropsychiatric abnormalities, such as anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior, and autistic features. Mild facial dysmorphic features may also be present (summary by {2:Srour et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044324 biolink:NamedThing Al Kaissi syndrome Al Kaissi syndrome is an autosomal recessive developmental disorder characterized by growth retardation, spine malformation, particularly of the cervical spine, dysmorphic facial features, and delayed psychomotor development with moderate to severe intellectual disability (summary by {1:Windpassinger et al., 2017}). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100147 biolink:NamedThing SATB2 associated disorder A syndromic intellectual disability disorder that is characterized by significant neurodevelopmental disabilities with limited to absent speech, behavioral issues, and craniofacial anomalies. Most distinctive features are neurodevelopmental with invariably severely limited speech, cleft or high arched palate, dental anomalies (crowding, macrodontia, abnormal shape), and behavioral issues with or without bone or brain anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100195 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability with hypopituitarism An X-linked intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOX3 gene, with variable phenotypes including growth hormone deficiency due to hypopituitarism. It is undetermined if SOX3 is the only gene associated with this disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007691 biolink:NamedThing Guillain-Barre syndrome, familial A form of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) that occurs in persons or families with a genetic predisposition to the acute or chronic forms of GBS. Note that GBS is considered to be a complex multifactorial disorder with both genetic and environmental factors, and families with clear Mendelian inheritance have been rarely reported: a mutation in the PMP22 gene (601097) on chromosome 17 was identified in a single family with the acute (AIDP) and chronic (CIDP) forms of inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016493 biolink:NamedThing variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100169 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy, inflammatory demyelinating, chronic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017771 biolink:NamedThing Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome describes a spectrum of Mullerian duct anomalies characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and upper 2/3 of the vagina in otherwise phenotypically normal females. It can be classified as either MRKH syndrome type 1 (corresponding to isolated utero-vaginal aplasia) or MRKH syndrome type 2 (utero-vaginal aplasia associated with other malformations). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007702 biolink:NamedThing heart-hand syndrome type 3 Heart-hand syndrome type 3 is a very rare heart-hand syndrome, described in three members of a Spanish family to date, which is characterized by a cardiac conduction defect (sick sinus, bundle-branch block) and brachydactyly, resembling brachydactyly type C of the hands, affecting principally the middle phalanges in conjunction with an extra ossicle on the proximal phalanx of both index fingers. Feet abnormalities are more subtle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007713 biolink:NamedThing clonic hemifacial spasm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016375 biolink:NamedThing acquired peripheral movement disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008718 biolink:NamedThing Morvan syndrome Morvan syndrome is a rare, life-threatening, acquired neurologic disease characterized by neuromyotonia, dysautonomia and encephalopathy with severe insomnia. Signs involving central (e.g. hallucinations, confusion, amnesia, myoclonus), autonomic (e.g. variations in blood pressure, hyperhidrosis) and peripheral (e.g. painful cramps, myokymia) hyperactivity, as well as systemic manifestations (such as weight loss, pruritus, fever), are reported. Thymoma is present in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016373 biolink:NamedThing isolated facial myokymia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019399 biolink:NamedThing Isaac syndrome Isaac's syndrome is an immune-mediated peripheral motor neuron disorder characterized by continuous muscle fiber activity at rest resulting in muscle stiffness, cramps, myokymia, and pseudomyotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016513 biolink:NamedThing alpha-thalassemia-related diseases This term refers to a group of diseases characterized by alpha-thalassemia and an associated disorder. Three conditions are included in this group: alpha thalassemia - X-linked intellectual deficit (or ATR-X syndrome), alpha-thalassemia-intellectual deficit syndrome (or ATR-16 syndrome) and alpha-thalassemia-myelodysplastic disease (or ATMDS).* DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010328 biolink:NamedThing alpha-thalassemia-myelodysplastic syndrome Alpha-thalassemia-myelodysplastic syndrome (ATMDS) is an acquired form of alpha-thalassemia characterized by a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or more rarely a myeloproliferative disease (MPD) associated with hemoglobin H disease (HbH). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007718 biolink:NamedThing hepatic adenomas, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007719 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic hernia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009103 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic hernia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010606 biolink:NamedThing hernia, anterior diaphragmatic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012431 biolink:NamedThing diaphragmatic hernia 3 Any congenital diaphragmatic hernia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZFPM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007723 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing Hirschsprung disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RET gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010833 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 2 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing Hirschsprung disease Hirschsprung disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EDNRB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010834 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011741 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011742 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012042 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012710 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013383 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013384 biolink:NamedThing Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 4 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing Hirschsprung disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EDN3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007726 biolink:NamedThing hip dysplasia, Beukes type Beukes familial hip dysplasia (BFHD) is a primary bone dysplasia, characterized by premature degenerative arthropathy of the hip. The disease presents with hip joint discomfort/pain and gait disturbances that usually develops in childhood and that progresses to severe functional disability and limited mobility by early adulthood. Involvement of the vertebral bodies and other joints is minimal, height is not significantly reduced, and general health is unimpaired. Radiographically, the femoral heads are flattened and irregular and degenerative osteoarthritis develops in the hip joints, as evidenced by the presence of periarticular cysts, sclerosis, and joint space narrowing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008470 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with punctate corneal dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008472 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, MacDermot type Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED), MacDermot type is characterized by short stature, femoral epiphyseal dysplasia, mild vertebral changes and sensorineural deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008827 biolink:NamedThing progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy of childhood Progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy (dysplasia) of childhood (PPAC; PPD) presents as spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED) tarda with progressive arthropathy and is described as a specific autosomal recessive subtype of SED. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008975 biolink:NamedThing otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia An inborn error of cartilage collagen formation characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, enlarged epiphyses, skeletal dysplasia with disproportionately short limbs, vertebral body anomalies and a characteristic facies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009139 biolink:NamedThing dyssegmental dysplasia, Rolland-Desbuquois type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009140 biolink:NamedThing Silverman-Handmaker type dyssegmental dysplasia Dyssegmental dysplasia, Silverman-Handmaker type is a rare, genetic, primary bone dysplasia, and lethal form of neonatal short-limbed dwarfism, characterized by anisospondyly, severe short stature and limb shortening, metaphyseal flaring and distinct dysmorphic features (i.e. flat facial appearance, abnormal ears, short neck, narrow thorax). Additional features may include other skeletal findings (e.g. joint contractures, bowed limbs, talipes equinovarus) and urogenital and cardiovascular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009458 biolink:NamedThing Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia A multisystem disorder characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia and disproportionate short stature, facial dysmorphism, T-cell immunodeficiency, and glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010248 biolink:NamedThing X-linked spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia X-linked form of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010902 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Reardon type Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Reardon type is an extremely rare type of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia described in several members of a single family to date and characterized by short stature, vertebral and femoral abnormalities, cervical instability and neurologic manifestations secondary to anomalies of the odontoid process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011018 biolink:NamedThing brachyolmia-amelogenesis imperfecta syndrome An exceedingly rare form of brachyolmia, characterized by mild platyspondyly, broad ilia, elongated femoral necks with coxa valga, scoliosis, and short trunked short stature associated with amelogenesis imperfecta of both primary and permanent dentition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011773 biolink:NamedThing anauxetic dysplasia A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia that is characterized by the prenatal onset of extreme short stature, an adult height of less than 85 cm, hypodontia, and mild mental retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012019 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Kimberley type Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Kimberley type (SEDK) is characterized by short stature and premature degenerative arthropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012716 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Cantu type Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Cantu type is an extremely rare type of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia described in about 5 patients to date and characterized by clinical signs including short stature, peculiar facies with blepharophimosis, upward slanted eyes, abundant eyebrows and eyelashes, coarse voice, and short hands and feet (brachymetacarpalia, brachymetatarsalia and brachyphalangia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012873 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spondylocheirodysplastic type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spondylocheirodysplastic type is a subtype of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by skeletal dysplasia comprising platyspondyly with moderate short stature, osteopenia and widened metaphyses, in addition to hyperextensible, thin, easily bruised skin, hypermobility of small joints with tendency to contractures, prominent eyes with bluish sclerae, wrinkled palms, atrophy of the thenar muscle and tapering fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013232 biolink:NamedThing brachydactylous dwarfism, Mseleni type Mseleni joint disease (MJD) is a rare and crippling chondrodysplasia, reported mainly in the Maputaland region in northern Kwazulu Natal, South Africa, characterized by a bilateral and uniform arthropathy of the joints that primarily and most severely affects the hip but that can also affect many other joints (i.e. knees, ankles, wrists, shoulders, elbows), and that manifests with pain and stiffness that progressively limits joint movement, eventually compromising a patient's ability to walk. Severe short staure and brachydactyly have been reported in a few patients with MJD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014061 biolink:NamedThing Steel syndrome A rare genetic bone disease characterized by short stature, bilateral congenital hip dislocation, radial head dislocation, carpal coalition, scoliosis, pes cavus, and atlantoaxial subluxation. Dysmorphic facial features include broad forehead, broad nasal bridge, hypertelorism, and mild midface hypoplasia. Association with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss has also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015799 biolink:NamedThing Smith-McCort dysplasia Smith-McCort dysplasia (SMC) is a rare spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia characterized by the clinical manifestations of coarse facies, short neck, short trunk dwarfism with barrel-shaped chest and rhizomelic limb shortening, as well as specific radiological features (i.e. generalized platyspondyly with double-humped vertebral end plates and iliac crests with a lace-like appearance) and normal intelligence. The clinical and skeletal features are similar to those seen in the allelic disorder Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome (DMC), but can be distinguished from this syndrome by the absence of intellectual deficiency and microcephaly in SMC. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019667 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT) is characterized by disproportionate short stature in adolescence or adulthood, associated with a short trunk and arms and barrel-shaped chest. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032721 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, kondo-fu type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032835 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, nishimura type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044312 biolink:NamedThing immunoskeletal dysplasia with neurodevelopmental abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850099 biolink:NamedThing MIR140-related spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010803 biolink:NamedThing Eiken syndrome Eiken syndrome is a rare familial skeletal dysplasia characterized by multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with extremely retarded ossification. It has been described in 6 members of a unique consanguineous family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015678 biolink:NamedThing dysplasia of head of femur, Meyer type Meyer dysplasia of the femoral head is a mild localized form of skeletal dysplasia characterized by delayed, irregular ossification of femoral capital epiphysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014472 biolink:NamedThing periodic fever-infantile enterocolitis-autoinflammatory syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017708 biolink:NamedThing mevalonate kinase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007728 biolink:NamedThing acne inversa, familial, 1 Any familial acne inversa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NCSTN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013397 biolink:NamedThing acne inversa, familial, 2 Any familial acne inversa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PSENEN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013398 biolink:NamedThing acne inversa, familial, 3 Any familial acne inversa in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PSEN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007729 biolink:NamedThing developmental dysplasia of the hip 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014277 biolink:NamedThing developmental dysplasia of the hip 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007733 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 3 Any holoprosencephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SHH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007734 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 4 A rare disorder caused by mutations in the TGIF gene mapped to chromosome 18p11.3. It is characterized by semilobar holoprosencephaly, hypotelorism, and ptosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007999 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 2 A rare disorder characterized by the partial separation of the cerebral hemispheres. It is associated with mutations in the SIX3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009349 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 1 The most severe form of holoprosencephaly in which there is a complete absence of midline forebrain division resulting in the presence of fused hemispheres and a single ventricle (alobar holoprosencephaly). It is mapped to chromosome 21q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011616 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 6 A holoprosencephaly that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2q37.1-q37.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012267 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 8 A holoprosencephaly that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 14q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012562 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 7 Any holoprosencephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTCH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012927 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly characterized by a severe developmental delay and/or intellectual disability, typical facial dysmorphic features, brain anomalies, seizures, cleft palate, clubfeet, nail hypoplasia and congenital heart disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013642 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 11 Any holoprosencephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDON gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016355 biolink:NamedThing semilobar holoprosencephaly Semilobar holoprosencephaly is one of the classical forms of holoprosencephaly (HPE) in which the left and right frontal and parietal lobes are fused and the interhemispheric fissure is only present posteriorly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017218 biolink:NamedThing septopreoptic holoprosencephaly Septopreoptic holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a very rare subtype of lobar HPE characterized by midline fusion limited to the septal and/or preoptic regions of the telencephalon without a significant frontal neocortical fusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019756 biolink:NamedThing lobar holoprosencephaly Lobar holoprosencephaly is the mildest classical form of holoprosencephaly (HPE) characterized by separation of the right and left cerebral hemispheres and lateral ventricules with some continuity across the frontal neocortex, especially rostrally and ventrally. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019757 biolink:NamedThing alobar holoprosencephaly Alobar holoprosencephaly is the most severe classical form of holoprosencephaly (HPE) characterized by a single brain ventricle and no interhemispheric fissure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019758 biolink:NamedThing midline interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly Midline interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly (MIH) or syntelencephaly is a form of holoprosencephaly (HPE) characterized by non-separation of the posterior frontal and parietal lobes, normally-formed callosal genu and splenium, absence of the callosal body, normally-separated hypothalamus and lentiform nucleus, and frequent heterotopic gray matter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030886 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032787 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 12 with or without pancreatic agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010966 biolink:NamedThing achondrogenesis type IB Achondrogenesis type 1B (ACG1B), a form of achondrogenesis, is a rare lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by severe micromelia with very short fingers and toes, a flat face, a short neck, thickened soft tissue around the neck, hypoplasia of the thorax, protuberant abdomen, a hydropic fetal appearance and distinctive histological features of the cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013561 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia with joint dislocations, gPAPP type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014236 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, musculocontractural type 2 Any Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, musculocontractural type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019666 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, PAPSS2 type A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by short stature, short and bowed lower limbs, mild brachydactyly, kyphoscoliosis, abnormal gait, enlarged knee joints, precocious osteoarthropathy, and normal intelligence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020681 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, musculocontractural type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007740 biolink:NamedThing Wagner disease Wagner disease is a rare hereditary vitreoretinopathy characterized by an anomaleous vitreous associated with myopia, cataract, chorioretinal atrophy, and peripheral tractional or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008662 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy Autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) is a genetic vitreous-retinal disease characterized by ocular developmental anomalies such as microcornea, a shallow anterior chamber, glaucoma and cataract. Abnormal chorioretinal pigmentation is present, usually lying between the vortex veins and the ora serrata for 360 degrees. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008663 biolink:NamedThing snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration Snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration (SVD) is characterised by the presence of small granular-like deposits resembling snowflakes in the retina, fibrillary vitreous degeneration and cataract. The prevalence is unknown but the disorder has been described in several families. Transmission is autosomal dominant and the causative gene has been localised to a small region on chromosome 2q36. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100288 biolink:NamedThing enhanced S-cone syndrome An autosomal recessive retinopathy in which patients have increased sensitivity to blue light; perception of blue light is mediated by what is normally the least populous cone photoreceptor subtype, the S (short wavelength, blue) cones. Characteristics include visual loss, with night blindness occurring from early in life, varying degrees of L (long, red)- and M (middle, green)-cone vision, and retinal degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100289 biolink:NamedThing Goldmann-Favre syndrome A vitreoretinal dystrophy characterized by early onset of night blindness, reduced bilateral visual acuity, and typical fundus findings (progressive pigmentary degenerative changes, macular edema, retinoschisis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100450 biolink:NamedThing CAPN5-related vitreoretinopathy An autosomal dominant vitreoretinopathy caused by variants in the CAPN5 gene. Additional features, such as developmental delay and hypotonia, have been reported in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800166 biolink:NamedThing Knobloch syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007741 biolink:NamedThing congenital hydronephrosis Congenital hydronephrosis is a renal urinary disease characterized by distension and dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces secondary to various congenital obstructive malformations of the kidneys and urinary tract that can evolve to renal atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016407 biolink:NamedThing oligomeganephronia Oligomeganephronia is a developmental anomaly of the kidneys, and the most severe form of renal hypoplasia, characterized by a reduction of 80% in nephron number and a marked hypertrophy of the glomeruli and tubules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016529 biolink:NamedThing duplication of urethra Duplication of the urethra is a rare congenital genitourinary anomaly, encompassing a wide spectrum of anatomic variants in which the urethra is partially or totally duplicated, which may be asymptomatic or cause symptoms such as incontinence, recurrent urinary infections and difficulty urinating. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016548 biolink:NamedThing megacystis-megaureter syndrome Megacystic-megaureter syndrome is an urinary tract malformation characterized by the presence of a massive primary non-obstructive vesicoureteral reflux and a large capacity, smooth, thin walled bladder due to the continual recycling of refluxed urine. Recurrent urinary infections are commonly associated with this condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017609 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular dysgenesis Renal tubular dysgenesis is a rare disorder of the fetus characterized by absent or poorly developed proximal tubules of the kidneys, persistent oligohydramnios, leading to Potter sequence (facial dysmorphism with large and flat low-set ears, lung hypoplasia arthrogryposis and limb positioning defects), and skull ossification defects. It can be acquired during fetal development due to drugs taken by the mother or certain disorders (twin-twin transfusion syndrome, TTTS) or inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018565 biolink:NamedThing congenital urachal anomaly Congenital urachal anomaly (CUA) describes a group of urachal remnants, found more frequently in males than females, that result from incomplete closure of the urachus (an embryological remnant of the allantois) during prenatal development, and that are usually asymptomatic (and found as an incidental finding on a radiological study) but can also present with umbilical discharge (in patent urachus or urachal sinus), infraumblical mass and pain, or with complications such as obstruction and infection. CUAs include patent urachus, urachal sinus, urachal cyst and urachal diverticulum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018960 biolink:NamedThing congenital primary megaureter An idiopathic condition in which the bladder and bladder outlet are normal but the ureter is dilated to some extent. It may be obstructed, refluxing or unobstructed and not refluxing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019637 biolink:NamedThing renal hypoplasia Renal hypoplasia is a developmental anomaly in which one or both kidneys (unilateral or bilateral renal hypoplasia, respectively) have a deficit in the number of nephrons and may be small. Oligomeganephronia represents a severe variant of hypoplasia in which nephron number is reduced by 80% and nephrons are markedly hypertrophied. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019638 biolink:NamedThing renal dysplasia Renal dysplasia is a form of renal malformation in which the kidney(s) are present but their development is abnormal and incomplete. Renal dysplasia can be unilateral or bilateral, segmental, and of variable severity, with renal aplasia corresponding to extreme dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019639 biolink:NamedThing congenital megacalycosis Congenital megacalycosis is a rare renal malformation, characterized by non-obstructive dilation of the renal calyces as well as an increased calyceal number (12-20), with a normal renal pelvis, ureter, and bladder. It may be unilateral or bilateral and is usually asymptomatic unless complicated by nephrolithiasis and urinary tract infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007744 biolink:NamedThing cholesterol-ester transfer protein deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013533 biolink:NamedThing hyperlipidemia due to hepatic triglyceride lipase deficiency Hyperlipidemia due to hepatic triacylglycerol lipase deficiency is a rare, genetic hyperalphalipoproteinemia characterized by elevated plasma cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels with a marked TG enrichment of low- and high-density lipoproteins (HDL), presence of circulating beta-very low density lipoproteins and elevated HDL cholesterol levels, in the presence of a very low, or undetectable, postheparin plasma hepatic lipase activity. Premature atherosclerosis and/or coronary heart disease may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009379 biolink:NamedThing Rotor syndrome Rotor syndrome (RT) is a benign, inherited liver disorder characterized by chronic, predominantly conjugated, nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia with normal liver histology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009381 biolink:NamedThing hyperbilirubinemia, conjugated, type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009382 biolink:NamedThing hyperbilirubinemia, shunt, primary DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007748 biolink:NamedThing hypercalciuria, absorptive, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011802 biolink:NamedThing hypercalciuria, absorptive, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007750 biolink:NamedThing hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007751 biolink:NamedThing hypercholesterolemia, autosomal dominant, type B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011369 biolink:NamedThing hypercholesterolemia, autosomal dominant, 3 Any familial hypercholesterolemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PCSK9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016203 biolink:NamedThing hypercholesterolemia due to cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018328 biolink:NamedThing homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007758 biolink:NamedThing epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma A genetic skin disorder caused by mutations in the KRT9 gene. It is characterized by hyperkeratosis in the palms and soles resulting in abnormal thickening of the skin in these areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010849 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma, Bothnian type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010962 biolink:NamedThing diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma A rare, genetic, isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by diffuse, mild to thick, finely demarcated hyperkeratosis of palms and soles. Additional clinical findings include knuckle pad-like keratoses on fingers, hyperkeratosis of umbilicus and areolae, diffuse dry skin, hyperhidrosis, hangnails and frequent fungal infections. Histological examination of lesions reveals orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, hypergranulosis, and mild lymphocyte infiltrations in the upper dermis with no evidence of epidermolysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018250 biolink:NamedThing diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma with painful fissures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018853 biolink:NamedThing transgrediens et progrediens palmoplantar keratoderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007771 biolink:NamedThing hyperpigmentation with or without hypopigmentation, familial progressive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007772 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013777 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2B Any pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WNK4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013778 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2C Any pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WNK1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013781 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2D Any pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KLHL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013782 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2E Any pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CUL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010222 biolink:NamedThing X-linked Opitz G/BBB syndrome X-linked form of Opitz G/BBB syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007783 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 1 Any malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RYR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007939 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007940 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010893 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011163 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 5 Any malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNA1S gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011164 biolink:NamedThing malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034217 biolink:NamedThing resistance to thyroid hormone due to a mutation in thyroid hormone receptor beta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008569 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hormone resistance, generalized, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010131 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hormone resistance, generalized, autosomal recessive A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder usually caused by mutations in the THRB gene. It is characterized by a defective physiological resistance to thyroid hormones, resulting in the elevation of thyroxin and triiodothyronine in the serum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036045 biolink:NamedThing euthyroid dysprealbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007787 biolink:NamedThing Ambras type hypertrichosis universalis congenita Congenital generalized hypertrichosis, Ambras type is an extremely rare type of hypertrichosis lanuginosa congenita, a congenital skin disease, that is characterized by the presence of vellus-type hair on the entire body, especially on the face, ears and shoulders, with the exception of palms, soles, and mucous membranes. Facial and dental anomalies can also be observed, such as triangular, coarse face, bulbous nasal tip, long palpebral fissures, delayed tooth eruption and absence of teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010614 biolink:NamedThing X-linked congenital generalized hypertrichosis X-linked congenital generalized hypertrichosis is an extremely rare type of hypertrichosis lanuginosa congenita, a congenital skin disease, which is characterized by hair overgrowth on the entire body in males, and mild and asymmetric hair overgrowth in females. It is associated with a mild facial dysmorphism (anterverted nostrils, moderate prognathism), and, in a kindred, it was also associated with dental anomalies and deafness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007792 biolink:NamedThing familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 2 A familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the GNA11 gene on chromosome 19p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010926 biolink:NamedThing familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 3 Any familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP2S1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013926 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 14 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WDR11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014102 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 17 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPRY4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014103 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 18 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL17RD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014105 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 19 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DUSP6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014106 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 20 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGF17 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014107 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 21 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FLRT3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014461 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 22 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FEZF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007796 biolink:NamedThing hypoparathyroidism, familial isolated 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020798 biolink:NamedThing hypoparathyroidism, familial isolated, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016892 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017283 biolink:NamedThing DeSanto-Shinawi Syndrome due to 10p11.21p12.31 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016880 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007802 biolink:NamedThing hypospadias 3, autosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010384 biolink:NamedThing hypospadias 1, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010423 biolink:NamedThing hypospadias 2, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010458 biolink:NamedThing hypospadias 4, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035821 biolink:NamedThing isolated female hypospadias DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008199 biolink:NamedThing late-onset Parkinson disease A Parkinson disease that begins after around the age of 50. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009648 biolink:NamedThing peripheral motor neuropathy-dysautonomia syndrome Peripheral motor neuropathy-dysautonomia syndrome is characterised by distal, slowly progressive muscular weakness, childhood-onset amyotrophy, autonomic dysfunction characterized by profuse sweating, distal cyanosis related to cold weather, orthostatic hypotension, and esophageal achalasia. It has been described in two sisters. Inheritance appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018762 biolink:NamedThing non-acquired combined pituitary hormone deficiency Congenital hypopituitarism is characterized by multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, including somatotroph, thyrotroph, lactotroph, corticotroph or gonadotroph deficiencies, due to mutations of pituitary transcription factors involved in pituitary ontogenesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017407 biolink:NamedThing deficiency in anterior pituitary function - variable immunodeficiency syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024304 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis vulgaris The most common form of ichthyosis. It is an autosomal dominant inherited or acquired disorder characterized by scaling and desquamation of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007812 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis, lamellar, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011026 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 4A Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCA12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011485 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 5 An autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis characterized by fine white or greyish-white scales, hyperkeratosis, moderate acanthosis, and moderate parakeratosis that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the CYP4F22 gene on chromosome 19p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011680 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 3 Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALOXE3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012847 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 6 Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NIPAL4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013495 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 8 Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LIPN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017339 biolink:NamedThing exfoliative ichthyosis Exfoliative ichthyosis is an inherited, non-syndromic, congenital ichthyosis characterized by the infancy-onset of palmoplantar peeling of the skin (aggravated by exposure to water and by occlusion) associated with dry, scaly skin over most of the body. Pruritus and hypohidrosis may also be associated. Well-demarcated areas of denuded skin appear in moist and traumatized regions and skin biopsies reveal reduced cell-cell adhesion in the basal and suprabasal layers, prominent intercellular edema, numerous aggregates of keratin filaments in basal keratinocytes, attenuated cornified cell envelopes, and epidermal barrier impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011937 biolink:NamedThing peeling skin syndrome 4 Any peeling skin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CSTA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014923 biolink:NamedThing peeling skin syndrome 5 Any peeling skin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SERPINB8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007814 biolink:NamedThing immune deficiency, familial variable DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009413 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011864 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013283 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013284 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013285 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 5 Any common variable immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MS4A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013286 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 6 Any common variable immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD81 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013862 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013863 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to LRBA deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014260 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 10 Any common variable immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NFKB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014338 biolink:NamedThing IL21-related infantile inflammatory bowel disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014697 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 12 Any common variable immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NFKB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014810 biolink:NamedThing pancytopenia due to IKZF1 mutations Any syndrome with combined immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IKZF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054691 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800149 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency, common variable, due to APRIL deficiency Any commonn variable immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is an autosomal recessive variation in the TNFS13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009478 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to DOCK8 deficiency Combined immunodeficiency due to dedicator of cytokinesis 8 protein (DOCK8) deficiency is a form of T and B cell immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent cutaneous viral infections, susceptibility to cancer and elevated serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030069 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 5, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030681 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 94 with autoinflammation and dysmorphic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032654 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 3, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032796 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 4, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800131 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 4A, autosomal dominant An immunologic disorder characterized by recurrent mainly sinopulmonary infections associated with increased serum IgE. The phenotype is variable, even within families. Some patients have onset of symptoms in early childhood and develop complications, including bronchiectasis or hemoptysis, whereas others have later onset of less severe infections. Immunologic workup usually shows normal leukocyte levels, although some patients may demonstrate alterations in lymphocyte subsets, including T cells. Affected individuals also have variable skeletal abnormalities, including high-arched palate, hyperextensible joints, scoliosis, and bone fractures. The IL6ST mutations are loss-of-function, although the truncated mutant proteins are expressed and interfere with the wildtype protein in a dominant-negative manner by disrupting IL6 and IL11 signaling. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007819 biolink:NamedThing solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome A hereditary autosomal dominant condition characterized primarily by single (unpaired) deciduous and permanent maxillary central incisors and short stature. Growth hormone deficiencies may also be present. Mutations in the SHH gene have been identified. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017219 biolink:NamedThing microform holoprosencephaly Microform holoprosencephaly is a benign form of holoprosencephaly (HPE) characterized by midline defects without the typical HPE defect in brain cleavage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012322 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 5 Holoprosencephaly associated with mutations in the ZIC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012563 biolink:NamedThing holoprosencephaly 9 Any holoprosencephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GLI2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007829 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, intrahepatic, of pregnancy, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100429 biolink:NamedThing intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy A cholestatic disorder characterized by (i) pruritus with onset in the second or third trimester of pregnancy, (ii) elevated serum aminotransferases and bile acid levels, and (iii) spontaneous relief of signs and symptoms within two to three weeks after delivery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013995 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, intrahepatic, of pregnancy, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016910 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the allelic loss of all or part of the long arm of chromosome 11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020494 biolink:NamedThing oculootodental syndrome Oculootodental syndrome is a contiguous gene syndrome comprising otodental syndrome (characterized by globodontia and sensorineural high-frequency hearing deficit) associated with eye abnormalities including, typically, iris and chorioretinal coloboma, as well as, on occasion, microcornea, microphtalmos, lenticular opacity, lens coloboma and iris pigment epithelial atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018795 biolink:NamedThing syndromic constitutional thrombocytopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008495 biolink:NamedThing platelet storage pool deficiency Platelet storage pool deficiency refers to a group of conditions that are caused by problems with the platelet granules. Platelet granules are tiny storage sacs found within the platelets which release various substances to help stop bleeding. Platelet storage pool deficiencies occur when platelet granules are absent, reduced in number, or unable to empty their contents into the bloodstream. The signs and symptoms include frequent nosebleeds; abnormally heavy or prolonged menstruation ; easy bruising; recurrent anemia ; and abnormal bleeding after surgery, dental work or childbirth. Platelet storage pool deficiencies may be genetic or acquired (non-genetic). They can also be part of an inherited genetic syndrome such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome, and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Treatment is symptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008497 biolink:NamedThing Stormorken syndrome Stormorken-Sjaastad-Langslet syndrome is characterized by thrombocytopathy, asplenia, miosis, muscle fatigue, migraine, dyslexia, and ichthyosis. It has been described in six members of one family. It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016360 biolink:NamedThing marcothrombocytopenia with mitral valve insufficiency Macrothrombocytopenia with mitral valve insufficiency is a rare hemorrhagic disorder due to a platelet anomaly characterized by dysfunctional platelets of abnormally large size, moderate thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time and mild bleeding diathesis (ecchymoses and epistaxis), associated with mitral valve insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020118 biolink:NamedThing dense granule disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044635 biolink:NamedThing diaph1-related sensorineural hearing loss-thrombocytopenia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100433 biolink:NamedThing ACTB-associated syndromic thrombocytopenia A syndrome associated with developmental delay, mild intellectual disability, microcephaly, and thrombocytopenia with platelet anisotropy and enlarged platelets. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007841 biolink:NamedThing coxopodopatellar syndrome Small patella syndrome (SPS) is a very rare benign bone dysplasia affecting skeletal structures of the lower limb and the pelvis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008205 biolink:NamedThing patella aplasia/hypoplasia Isolated patella aplasia-hypoplasia is an extremely rare genetic condition characterized by congenital absence or marked reduction of the patellar bone described in only a few families to date. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008207 biolink:NamedThing chondromalacia patellae Familial chondromalacia patellae is an inherited bone disorder described in 5 families in 1963 and is characterized by localized patellar pain and male-to-male transmission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017383 biolink:NamedThing familial clubfoot due to PITX1 point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007843 biolink:NamedThing Kabuki syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010465 biolink:NamedThing Kabuki syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007844 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 2 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGFR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009482 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 3 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PROKR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010635 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 1 with or without anosmia The X-linked inherited form of Kallmann syndrome caused by mutation of the KAL1 gene mapped to chromosome Xp22.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012528 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 4 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PROK2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012880 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 5 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHD7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012988 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 6 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGF8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013910 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 8 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KISS1R gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013911 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 9 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NSMF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013913 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 11 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TACR3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013946 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 15 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HS6ST1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013961 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 16 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEMA3A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009440 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosiform erythroderma, corneal involvement, and hearing loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011245 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis, hystrix-like, with hearing loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017672 biolink:NamedThing focal palmoplantar keratoderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007860 biolink:NamedThing focal palmoplantar and gingival keratoderma Focal palmoplantar and gingival keratoderma is a very rare form of focal palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by painful circumscribed hyperkeratotic lesions on weight-bearing areas of soles, moderate focal hyperkeratosis of palmar pressure-related areas and an asymptomatic leukokeratosis confined to labial- and lingual- attached gingiva. Additional occasional features may include hyperhidrosis, follicular keratosis and extended oral mucosa involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014492 biolink:NamedThing woolly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome Woolly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome is a very rare, hereditary epidermal disorder characterized by hypotrichosis/woolly scalp hair, sparse body hair, eyelashes and eyebrows, leukonychia, and striate palmoplantar keratoderma (more severe on the soles than the palms), which progressively worsens with age. Pseudo ainhum of the fifth toes was also reported. Although woolly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome shares clinical similarities with both Naxos disease and Carvajal syndrome, cardiomyopathy is notably absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016471 biolink:NamedThing pachyonychia congenita Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare genodermatosis predominantly featuring painful palmoplantar keratoderma, thickened nails, cysts and whitish oral mucosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007858 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma, punctate type 1A Any punctate palmoplantar keratoderma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AAGAB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019332 biolink:NamedThing punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 1 Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type I (PPKP1), also known as Buschke-Fischer-Brauer syndrome, is a very rare hereditary skin disease characterized by irregularly distributed epidermal hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles with wide variation among patients.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013980 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma, punctate type ib DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007859 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma i, striate, focal, or diffuse DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014327 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma, nonepidermolytic, focal or diffuse DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017675 biolink:NamedThing punctate palmoplantar keratoderma A palmoplantar keratosis characterized by keratoses with a "raindrop" pattern on the palmoplantar surface, skin lesions which may involve the whole of the palmoplantar surface, or may be more restricted in their distribution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007861 biolink:NamedThing isolated cloverleaf skull syndrome Isolated cloverleaf skull syndrome is a form of craniosynostosis involving multiple sutures (coronal, lambdoidal, sagittal and metopic) characterized by a trilobular skull of varying severity (frontal towering and bossing, temporal bulging and a flat posterior skull), dysmorphic features (downslanting palpebral fissures, midface hypoplasia, and extreme proptosis) and that is complicated by hydrocephalus, cerebral venous hypertension, developmental delay/intellectual disability and hind brain herniation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015337 biolink:NamedThing isolated craniosynostosis A craniosynostosis that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017984 biolink:NamedThing familial lambdoid synostosis Familial lambdoid synostosis is a rare, genetic cranial malformation characterized by unilateral or bilateral synostosis of the lambdoid suture in multiple members of a single family. Unilateral cases typically present ipsilateral occipitomastoid bulge, compensatory contralateral parietal and frontal bossing, displacement of one ear, lateral deviation of jaw and compensatory deformation of cervical spine while bilateral cases usually manifest with flat and widened occiput, displacement of both ears and frequent occurrence of raised intracranial pressure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850072 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic unisutural craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007862 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 3 Waardenburg syndrome type 3 (WS3) is a very rare subtype of Waardenburg syndrome (WS) that is characterized by limb anomalies in association with congenital hearing loss, minor defects in structures arising from neural crest, resulting in pigmentation anomalies of eyes, hair, and skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008670 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 1 Waardenburg syndrome type 1 (WS1) is a subtype of Waardenburg syndrome (WS), disorder characterized by congenital deafness, minor defects in structures arising from neural crest resulting in pigmentation anomalies of eyes, hair, and skin, in combination with dystopia canthorum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019517 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 2 Waardenburg syndrome type 2 (WS2) is an autosomal dominant subtype of Waardenburg syndrome (WS), characterized by varying degrees of deafness and pigmentation anomalies of eyes, hair and skin, but without dystopia canthorum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030983 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome, IIa 2F DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007868 biolink:NamedThing hyperekplexia 1 A hyperekplexia that has material basis in heterozygous, homozygous, or compound heterozygous mutation in the GLRA1 gene on chromosome 5q32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021022 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hyperekplexia Hereditary hyperekplexia is a hereditary neurological disorder characterized by excessive startle responses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010375 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013827 biolink:NamedThing hyperekplexia 3 Any hereditary hyperekplexia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC6A5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013828 biolink:NamedThing hyperekplexia 2 Any hereditary hyperekplexia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GLRB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044330 biolink:NamedThing hyperekplexia 4 Hyperekplexia-4 is an autosomal recessive severe neurologic disorder apparent at birth. Affected infants have extreme hypertonia and appear stiff and rigid. They have little if any development, poor or absent visual contact, and no spontaneous movement, consistent with an encephalopathy. Some patients have early-onset refractory seizures, and many have inguinal or umbilical hernia. Most patients die in the first months of life due to respiratory failure or other complications (summary by {2:Piard et al., 2018}).nnFor a general description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hyperekplexia, see HKPX1 (OMIM:149400). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008138 biolink:NamedThing syndromic orbital border hypoplasia Syndromic orbital border hypoplasia is a rare disorder observed in two families to date and characterized by agenesis of the orbital margin, varying defects of the lacrimal passages, hypoplasia of the palpebral skin and tarsal plates and atresia of the nasolacrimal duct. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008397 biolink:NamedThing aplasia of lacrimal and salivary glands Aplasia of the lacrimal and salivary glands (ALSG) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by aplasia, atresia or hypoplasia of the lacrimal and salivary glands leading to varying features since infancy such as recurrent eye infections, irritable eyes, epiphora, xerostomia, dental caries, dental erosion and oral inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016907 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 8 Chromosome 8q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 8. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 8q deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010852 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 8Q12.1-q21.2 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015314 biolink:NamedThing primary laryngeal lymphangioma Primary laryngeal lymphangioma is a rare, benign, congenital malformation of the lymphatic system characterized by a polypoidal, variable-sized, soft tissue mass located in the larynx. Most lesions manifest by the 2nd year of life and, depending on the size, patients may present with changes in voice, dysphagia, stridor, airway obstruction and/or respiratory distress. Cystic hygroma of the neck is frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015396 biolink:NamedThing congenital laryngeal cyst Congenital laryngeal cyst is a rare larynx anomaly characterized by a cyst involving the larynx or supraglottis locations, such as the epiglottis and vallecula. Timing and severity of presentation depend on the size of the cyst and its proximity to the glottis and range from severe prenatal airway obstruction leading to polyhydramnios and pulmonary hypoplasia to postnatal inspiratory stridor associated with muffled cry, hoarseness and cyanotic episodes, and to feeding difficulties and failure to thrive. It can be associated with laryngomalacia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016530 biolink:NamedThing laryngocele A rare congenital malformation in the larynx. It is characterized by the presence of an air-filled sac within the laryngeal wall which may bulge on the neck. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008142 biolink:NamedThing Thiemann disease, familial form Thiemann disease is a very rare genetic necrotic bone disorder characterized clinically by painless swelling of the proximal interphalangeal joints associated with osteonecrosis of epiphyses followed by osteoarthritic changes, with onset before 25 years of age and often a benign course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008410 biolink:NamedThing Scheuermann disease A disorder characterized by osteochondrosis of the vertebral epiphyses in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010130 biolink:NamedThing dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency isaconditionin which the body cannot break down the nucleotides thymine and uracil. DPD deficiency can have a wide range of severity; some individuals may have various neurological problems, while others have no signsand symptoms. Signs and symptoms in severely affected individuals begin in infancy and may include seizures, intellectual disability, microcephaly, increased muscle tone (hypertonia), delayed motor skills, and autistic behavior. All individuals with the condition, regardless of the presence or severity of symptoms, are at risk for severe, toxic reactions to drugs called fluoropyrimidines which are used to treat cancer. Individuals with no symptoms may be diagnosed only by laboratory testing or after exposure to fluoropyrimidines. DPD deficiency is caused by mutations in the DPYD gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007887 biolink:NamedThing leiomyoma of vulva and esophagus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010641 biolink:NamedThing X-linked diffuse leiomyomatosis-Alport syndrome The association of X-linked Alport syndrome with leiomyomatosis of the esophagus, tracheobronchial tree or female genitals has been reported in more than 30 families. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010801 biolink:NamedThing spondylocamptodactyly syndrome Spondylo-camptodactyly syndrome is characterized by camptodactyly, flattened cervical vertebral bodies and variable degrees of thoracic scoliosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800080 biolink:NamedThing severe spondylodysplastic dysplasia An instance of spondylodysplastic dysplasia that has a high degree of severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016769 biolink:NamedThing linear lichen planus Linear lichen planus (LLP), also referred to as Blaschkoid LP, is a rare type of lichen planus characterized by a linear distribution of lichenoid lesions along the lines of Blaschko, which are embryonic pathways of skin development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016770 biolink:NamedThing actinic lichen planus Actinic lichen planus (LP) is a rare variant of cutaneous lichen planus characterized by the development of photo-distributed lichenoid lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016771 biolink:NamedThing annular atrophic lichen planus Annular atrophic lichen planus (LP) is a rare variant of cutaneous lichen planus characterized by both annular and atrophic LP features in the same lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016772 biolink:NamedThing annular lichen planus Annular lichen planus (LP) is a rare variant of cutaneous lichen planus characterized by the development of annular lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016773 biolink:NamedThing atrophic lichen planus Atrophic lichen planus (LP) is a rare variant of cutaneous lichen planus characterized by the development of pale papules or plaques with an atrophic center. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016774 biolink:NamedThing lichen planus pigmentosus Lichen planus (LP) pigmentosus is a rare variant of cutaneous lichen planus characterized by the presence of hyperpigmented lichenoid lesions in sun-exposed or flexural areas of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016775 biolink:NamedThing lichen planus pemphigoides Lichen planus (LP) pemphigoides is a rare cross-over syndrome between lichen planus and bullous pemphigoid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018056 biolink:NamedThing bullous lichen planus Bullous lichen planus is a variant of rare lichen planus characterized by the development of vesico-bullous lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021377 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic lichen planus A form of lichen planus that is characterized by plaques of markedly thickened skin that is often extremely pruritic and localized to the lower legs. It can result in permanent pigmentation and scarring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007903 biolink:NamedThing Li-Fraumeni syndrome 1 Any Li-Fraumeni syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TP53 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012233 biolink:NamedThing Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2 Any Li-Fraumeni syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHEK2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008311 biolink:NamedThing progeria-short stature-pigmented nevi syndrome Progeria-short stature-pigmented nevi is a progeroid disorder characterised by low birthweight, short stature, multiple pigmented nevi and lack of facial subcutaneous fat. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010457 biolink:NamedThing Ogden syndrome Ogden syndrome is a rare, genetic progeroid syndrome characterized by a variable phenotype including postnatal growth delay, severe global developmental delay, hypotonia, non-specific dysmorphic facies with aged appearance and cryptorchidism, as well as cardiac arrthymias and skeletal anomalies. Patients typically present with widely opened fontanels, mainly truncal hypotonia, a waddling gait with hypertonia of the extremities, small hands and feet, broad great toes, scoliosis and redundant skin with lack of subcutaneous fat. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011150 biolink:NamedThing acroosteolysis-keloid-like lesions-premature aging syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014157 biolink:NamedThing mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019321 biolink:NamedThing atypical Werner syndrome A heterogeneous group of cases that are clinically diagnosed as Werner syndrome (WS) but do not carry WRN gene mutations. Similar to classical WS caused by WRN mutations, patients generally exhibit an aged appearance and common age-related disorders at earlier ages compared to the general population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011448 biolink:NamedThing PPARG-related familial partial lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012072 biolink:NamedThing familial partial lipodystrophy, Kobberling type Familial partial lipodystrophy, Kobberling type, is a very rare form of familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) of unknown etiology characterized by lipoatrophy that is confined to the limbs and a normal or increased fat distribution of the face, neck, and trunk. Arterial hypertension and diabetes have also been associated. Inheritance is thought to be autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013478 biolink:NamedThing PLIN1-related familial partial lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014098 biolink:NamedThing CIDEC-related familial partial lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014431 biolink:NamedThing LIPE-related familial partial lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017230 biolink:NamedThing autosomal semi-dominant severe lipodystrophic laminopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019192 biolink:NamedThing AKT2-related familial partial lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007916 biolink:NamedThing primary intestinal lymphangiectasia Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a rare intestinal disease characterized by dilated intestinal lacteals which cause lymph leakage into the small bowel lumen. Clinical manifestations include edema related to hypoalbuminemia (protein-losing enteropathy), asthenia, diarrhea, lymphedema and failure to thrive in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019574 biolink:NamedThing secondary intestinal lymphangiectasia Secondary intestinal lymphangiectasia is an acquired from of intestinal lymphangiectasia manifesting as a protein-losing enteropathy due to another disorder such as CrohnBs disease, congestive heart failure, sarcoidosis, Turner syndrome and often in patients who have undergone a Fontan operation. It is characterized by malabsorption, diarrhea, edema due hypoproteinemia, steatorrhea and serosal effusions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010334 biolink:NamedThing severe motor and intellectual disabilities-sensorineural deafness-dystonia syndrome Severe motor and intellectual disabilities-sensorineural deafness-dystonia syndrome is a rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, failure to thrive, infantile onset of sensorineural deafness, severe global developmental delay or absent psychomotor development, paraplegia or quadriplegia with dystonia and pyramidal signs, microcephaly, ocular abnormalities (strabismus, optic atrophy), mildly dysmorphic features (deep-set eyes, prominent nasal bridge, micrognathia), seizures and abnormalities of brain morphology (hypomyelinating white matter changes, cerebral atrophy). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020065 biolink:NamedThing combined dystonia A dystonia that is combined with another movement disorder (e.g., myoclonus, parkinsonism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025691 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 30 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030455 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 31 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030486 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 32 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030513 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 33 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030538 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 34, myoclonic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030958 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 35, childhood-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044816 biolink:NamedThing familial idiopathic torsion dystonia An instance of idiopathic torsion dystonia that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008829 biolink:NamedThing chylous ascites Chylous ascites is a rare form of ascites caused by accumulation of lymph in the peritoneal cavity, usually due to intra-abdominal malignancy, liver cirrhosis or abdominal surgery complications, and present with painless but progressive abdominal distension, dyspnea and weight gain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035472 biolink:NamedThing GJC2-related late-onset primary lymphedema A rare genetic primary lymphedema characterized by lymphedema of all four limbs with age of onset ranging from birth to adulthood. Manifestations are of variable severity, and upper limb involvement may develop only later in the disease course. Recurrent episodes of cellulitis and skin infections are observed in severe cases. Varicose veins and venous incompetence have been reported in association. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035474 biolink:NamedThing PIEZO1-related generalized lymphatic dysplasia with non-immune hydrops fetalis A rare genetic primary lymphedema characterized by uniform, widespread lymphedema, often with systemic involvement such as intestinal and pulmonary lymphangiectasia, pleural and pericardial effusions, and chylothorax. There is a high incidence of non-immune hydrops fetalis, which may result in fetal demise or fully resolve after birth. Severe, recurrent facial cellulitis is observed in some patients. Presence of epicanthic folds or micrognathia has occasionally been reported, while intelligence is normal, and seizures are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035475 biolink:NamedThing EPHB4-related lymphatic-related hydrops fetalis A rare primary lymphedema characterized by a highly variable lymphatic phenotype ranging from severe lymphatic-related hydrops fetalis, which may cause perinatal demise or fully resolve to become completely asymptomatic, to a mild presentation in older patients with persistent varicose veins, peripheral edema, and impaired lymph drainage in the lower limbs. Atrial septal defect has been described in association and may be the only anomaly in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035499 biolink:NamedThing CELSR1-related late-onset primary lymphedema A rare genetic primary lymphedema characterized by unilateral or bilateral lower limb lymphedema of variable severity. The condition shows almost complete penetrance with onset in childhood or adolescence in females, whereas in males it shows incomplete penetrance with later onset of disease. Lymphoscintigraphy in more severely affected individuals reveals lymphatic abnormalities consistent with lymphangiectasia, valve dysfunction, and thoracic duct reflux. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035500 biolink:NamedThing congenital primary lymphedema of Gordon A rare primary lymphedema characterized by bilateral, painless lower limb swelling present at birth. Prominent veins around the ankles and on the dorsa of the feet, dysplastic and upslanting toenails due to edema of the nailbed, and subtle dysmorphic facial features (such as high forehead, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, mild bilateral ear dysplasia, and short neck) have also been described. The degree of lymphatic impairment is milder than in the otherwise clinically similar Milroy disease, as evidenced by slightly less severe lymphedema and significantly more uptake of tracers on lymphoscintigraphy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008278 biolink:NamedThing juvenile polyposis/hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011023 biolink:NamedThing hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome Hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome (HMPS) describes an autosomal dominantly inherited large-bowel disease characterized by the presence of a mixture of hyperplastic, atypical juvenile and adenomatous polyps that are associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer if left untreated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015524 biolink:NamedThing hyperplastic polyposis syndrome Hyperplastic polyposis syndrome is a rare, genetic intestinal disease characterized by the presence of multiple (usually large) hyperplastic/serrated colorectal polyps, usually with a pancolonic distribution. Histology reveals hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenomas (most common), traditional serrated adenomas or mixed polyps. It is associated with an increased personal and familial (first-degree relatives) risk of colorectal cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017380 biolink:NamedThing juvenile polyposis syndrome Juvenile gastrointestinal polyposis (JIP) is a rare condition characterized by the presence of juvenile hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016904 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015571 biolink:NamedThing deletion 5q35 Deletion 5q35 refers to the different congenital malformation syndromes resulting from deletions of variable extent of the terminal part of the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q), spanning the region from 5q35.1 to 5q35.3 . The most significant anomaly is a recurring deletion in 5q35.2 comprising the NSD1 gene that causes Sotos syndrome that is characterized by cardinal features including excessive growth during childhood, macrocephaly, distinctive facial gestalt and various degrees of learning difficulty. Subtelomeric deletions of the terminal 3.5 Mb region on 5q35.3 are very rare, characterized by prenatal lymphedema with increased nuchal translucency, pronounced muscular hypotonia in infancy, borderline intelligence, postnatal short stature due to growth hormone deficiency, and a variety of minor anomalies such as mildly bell-shaped chest, minor congenital heart defects and a distinct facial gestalt. Larger deletions including bands 5q35.1, 5q35.2 and 5q35.3 cause a more severe phenotype that associates severe developmental delay with microcephaly, and significant cardiac defects (e.g. atrial septal defect with/without atrioventricular conduction defects, Ebstein anomaly, tetralogy of Fallot) linked to haploinsufficiency of NKX2.5 (5q35.1). Various combinations of signs may result from deletions of variable extent depending on the genes comprised in the deleted segment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016860 biolink:NamedThing familial adenomatous polyposis due to 5q22.2 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017811 biolink:NamedThing severe neonatal hypotonia-seizures-encephalopathy syndrome due to 5q31.3 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007927 biolink:NamedThing congenital macroglossia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007930 biolink:NamedThing Bernard-Soulier syndrome, type A2, autosomal dominant A Bernard-Soulier syndrome characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of mild to moderate bleeding tendency, thrombocytopenia, and an increased mean platelet size that has material basis in heterozygous mutations in the GP1BA gene on chromosome 17p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007931 biolink:NamedThing vitelliform macular dystrophy 2 Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD) is a genetic macular dystrophy characterized by loss of central visual acuity, metamorphopsia and a decrease in the Arden ratio secondary to an egg yolk-like lesion located in the foveal or parafoveal region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011979 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy Adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AOFVD) is a genetic macular dystrophy characterized by blurred vision, metamorphopsia and mild visual impairment secondary to a slightly elevated, yellow, egg yolk-like lesion located in the foveal or parafoveal region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007933 biolink:NamedThing vitelliform macular dystrophy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014508 biolink:NamedThing vitelliform macular dystrophy 4 Any vitelliform macular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IMPG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014509 biolink:NamedThing vitelliform macular dystrophy 5 Any vitelliform macular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IMPG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024561 biolink:NamedThing vitelliform macular dystrophy 3 Any vitelliform macular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007935 biolink:NamedThing cystoid macular edema An autosomal dominantly inherited cystoid macular edema manifesting with macular atrophy, strabismus and, sometimes, pericentral retinitis pigmentosa. It is associated with a poor visual prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007937 biolink:NamedThing renal hypomagnesemia 2 Autosomal dominant primary hypomagnesemia with hypocalciuria (ADPHH) is a mild form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH), characterized by extreme weakness, tetany and convulsions. Secondary disturbances in calcium excretion are observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017625 biolink:NamedThing familial primary hypomagnesemia with hypocalcuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007938 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 4 Sex reversal in an individual associated with a 9p24.3 deletion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009301 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010226 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011766 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis-motor and sensory neuropathy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013066 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013120 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013410 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013664 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of sex development due to testicular 17,20-desmolase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014480 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014634 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020712 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000015 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY sex reversal 11 Any 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DHX37 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014239 biolink:NamedThing testicular anomalies with or without congenital heart disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030067 biolink:NamedThing Treacher Collins syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009226 biolink:NamedThing fibrochondrogenesis 1 Any fibrochondrogenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL11A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013795 biolink:NamedThing fibrochondrogenesis 2 Any fibrochondrogenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL11A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044206 biolink:NamedThing otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015756 biolink:NamedThing myeloid hemopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033954 biolink:NamedThing monoclonal mast cell activation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007961 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009544 biolink:NamedThing macrocephaly/megalencephaly syndrome, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017089 biolink:NamedThing isolated megalencephaly A megalencephaly (disease) that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011240 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly-capillary malformation-polymicrogyria syndrome A polymalfomative syndrome characterized by cutaneous capillary malformations, megalencephaly, cortical brain malformations (most distinctively polymicrogyria), abnormalities of somatic growth with body and brain asymmetry, developmental delay, and characteristic facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017177 biolink:NamedThing hemihyperplasia-multiple lipomatosis syndrome A rare, genetic overgrowth syndrome characterized by non- progressive, asymmetrical, moderate hemihyperplasia (frequently affecting the limbs) associated with slow growing, painless, multiple, recurrent, subcutaneous lipomatous masses distributed throughout entire body (in particular back, torso, extremities, fingers, axillae). Superficial vascular malformations may also be associated. Increased risk of intra-abdominal embryonal malignancies may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017812 biolink:NamedThing segmental progressive overgrowth syndrome with fibroadipose hyperplasia A rare PIK3CA-related overgrowth syndrome disease characterized by segmental and progressive overgrowth, predominantly involving the adipose tissue, or a mixture of adipose and fibrous tissue, with variable involvement of subcutaneous and muscular tissue, as well as skeletal overgrowth. Overgrowth severity and range is highly variable, although frequently it is asymmetric and disproportionate, it affects lower extremities more than the upper ones, and progresses in a distal to proximal patten. Congenital overgrowth is typically associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007963 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011713 biolink:NamedThing melanoma-pancreatic cancer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014056 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008155 biolink:NamedThing osteomesopyknosis Osteomesopyknosis is a very rare benign bone disorder characterized by bone dysplasia manifested by patchy sclerosis of the axial skeleton and increased bone mineral content. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009138 biolink:NamedThing dysosteosclerosis Dysosteosclerosis is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by progressive osteosclerosis and platyspondyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010866 biolink:NamedThing infantile osteopetrosis with neuroaxonal dysplasia This syndrome is characterized by osteopetrosis, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebral atrophy and a small hippocampus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014080 biolink:NamedThing osteosclerotic metaphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034143 biolink:NamedThing early-onset calcifying leukoencephalopathy-skeletal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007974 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 1 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the MBD5 gene, encoding methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 5. It is characterized by severe developmental and cognitive delay, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012946 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 3 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDH15 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012947 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 4 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIRREL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012960 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 5 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYNGAP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013509 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 6 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRIN2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013581 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 2 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DOCK8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013655 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 8 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRIN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013656 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 9 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the KIF1A gene, encoding kinesin-like protein KIF1A. It is characterized by microcephaly, intellectual disability, and delayed psychomotor development. The condition is progressive, occurs in early infancy, and is of variable severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013657 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 10 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013658 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 11 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPB41L1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013805 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 13 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DYNC1H1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014357 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 24 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DEAF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014512 biolink:NamedThing PURA-related severe neonatal hypotonia-seizures-encephalopathy syndrome due to a point mutation PURA-related severe neonatal hypotonia-seizures-encephalopathy syndrome due to a point mutation is a rare, genetic neurological disease, with a highly variable phenotype, typically characterized by neonatal hypotonia, respiratory and feeding difficulties, global development delay (often with nonverbal and frequently non-ambulatory progression) and myopathic facies. Other frequently present features include seizures (or seizure-like episodes), visual impairment and encephalopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014617 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 38 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EEF1A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014678 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 39 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYT1L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014699 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 40 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHAMP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015802 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability Autosomal dominant form of non-syndromic intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023657 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 65 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029465 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 69 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030891 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 66 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030934 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 64 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030964 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 67 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030969 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 68 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007981 biolink:NamedThing metachromatic leukodystrophy, adult-onset, with normal arylsulfatase A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009590 biolink:NamedThing metachromatic leukodystrophy due to saposin B deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009591 biolink:NamedThing metachromatic leukodystrophy, juvenile form Metachromatic leukodystrophy is an inherited condition characterized by the accumulation of fats called sulfatides in cells, especially cells of the nervous system. This accumulation results in progressive destruction of white matter of the brain, which consists of nerve fibers covered by myelin.Affected individuals experience progressive deterioration of intellectual functions and motor skills, such as the ability to walk. They also develop loss of sensation in the extremities, incontinence, seizures, paralysis, inability to speak, blindness, and hearing loss. Eventually they lose awareness of their surroundings and become unresponsive. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and is caused by mutations in the ARSA and PSAP genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007982 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Jansen type Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) is a very rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia characterized by short-limbed short stature (due to severe metaphyseal changes that are often discovered in childhood by imaging), waddling gait, bowed legs, contracture deformities of the joints, short hands with clubbed fingers, clinodactyly, prominent upper face and small mandible, as well as chronic parathyroid hormone-independent hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and mild hypophosphatemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007983 biolink:NamedThing Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia is a rare disorder characterized by moderately short stature with short limbs, coxa vara, bowlegs and an abnormal gait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007984 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal dysplasia-maxillary hypoplasia-brachydacty syndrome Metaphyseal dysplasia-maxillary hypoplasia-brachydacty syndrome is characterized by metaphyseal dysplasia associated with short stature and facial dysmorphism (a beaked nose, short philtrum, thin lips, maxillary hypoplasia, dystrophic yellowish teeth) and acral anomalies (short fifth metacarpals and/or short middle phalanges of fingers two and five). It has been described in several members spanning four generations of a French-Canadian family. The syndrome is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008619 biolink:NamedThing ulna metaphyseal dysplasia syndrome Ulna metaphyseal dysplasia syndrome is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by dysplasia of the distal ulnar metaphyses, as well as metacarpal/metatarsal dysplasia and metaphyseal changes resembling enchondromata. Patients usually present bony swelling of the wrists with or without pain (knees and ankles may also be affected). Other variably associated features include platyspondyly, skeletal development delay, short stature and coxa valga. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009592 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal acroscyphodysplasia Metaphyseal acroscyphodysplasia is an extremely rare form of metaphyseal dysplasia characterized by the distinctive radiological sign of cone-shaped upper tibial and lower femoral epiphyses embedded in large cup-shaped metaphyses, associated with short stature and micromelia. Upper limb involvement includes brachydactyly and phalangeal and metacarpal cone-shaped epiphyses. The association of metaphyseal acroscyphodysplasia with psychomotor delay and alopecia has also been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009594 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Kaitila type Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Kaitila type is a rare multiple metaphyseal dysplasia disease characterized by disproportionate short stature, short limbs and digits, tracheobronchial malacia and progressive thoracolumbar scoliosis. Radiographic imaging shows progression from marked metaphyseal dysplasia of tubular bones in childhood to short and broad bones with mild dysplasia of the joints in adulthood. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009597 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Spahr type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009598 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal chondrodysplasia-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009599 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal dysostosis-intellectual disability-conductive deafness syndrome Metaphyseal dysostosis-intellectual disability-conductive deafness syndrome is characterised by metaphyseal dysplasia, short-limb dwarfism, mild intellectual deficit and conductive hearing loss, associated with repeated episodes of otitis media in childhood. It has been described in three brothers born to consanguineous Sicilian parents. Variable manifestations included hyperopia and strabismus. The mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011198 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Missouri type A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by moderate-to-severe metaphyseal changes, mild epiphyseal involvement, rhizomelic shortening of the lower limbs with bowing of the femora and/or tibiae, coxa vara, genu varum and pear-shaped vertebrae in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015177 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal anadysplasia Metaphyseal anadysplasia is a very rare form of metaphyseal dysplasia characterized by short stature, rhizomelic micromelia and a mild varus deformity of the legs evident from the first months of life, that is associated with radiological features of severe metaphyseal changes (irregularities, widening and marginal blurring) in long bones, most prominent in proximal femurs, and generalized osteopenia, and that usually spontaneously resolves by the age of three years. Severe autosomal dominant and milder recessive variants have been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015907 biolink:NamedThing epimetaphyseal skeletal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044204 biolink:NamedThing Shwachman-Diamond syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044205 biolink:NamedThing Shwachman-Diamond syndrome 2 Shwachman-Diamond syndrome-2 (SDS2) is characterized by exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, hematopoietic abnormalities, short stature, and metaphyseal dysplasia ({1:Stepensky et al., 2017}).nnFor a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, see SDS1 (OMIM:260400). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054561 biolink:NamedThing anauxetic dysplasia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009593 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Sedaghatian type Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD), Sedaghatian type is a neonatal lethal form of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia characterized by severe metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, mild rhizomelic shortness of the upper limbs, and mild platyspondyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010738 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Golden type Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Golden type is a rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by severe short stature, coarse facies, thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis and enlarged joints with contractures. Psychomotor delay and intellectual disability may also be associated. Radiographic features include flat vertebral bodies, lacy ossification of the metaphyses of long bones and iliac crests, and marked sclerosis of the skull base. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011211 biolink:NamedThing axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia is a genetic disorder of bone growth. The term axial means towards the center of the body. Sphondylos is a Greek term meaning vertebra. Metaphyseal dysplasia refers to abnormalities at the ends of long bones.Axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia primarily affects the bones of the chest, pelvis, spine,upper arms and upper legs, and results in shortened stature.For reasons not well understood,this rare skeletal dysplasia is also associated withearly and progressivevision loss. The underlying genetic cause of axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia is currently unknown.It is thought to be inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011856 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia-bowed forearms-facial dysmorphism syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012160 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia-cone-rod dystrophy syndrome Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia-cone-rod dystrophy syndrome is characterised by the association of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (marked by platyspondyly, shortening of the tubular bones and progressive metaphyseal irregularity and cupping), with postnatal growth retardation and progressive visual impairment due to cone-rod dystrophy. So far, it has been described in eight individuals. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012185 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, A4 type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012713 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, East African type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013223 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Megarbane type Any spondylodysplastic dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAM16 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018255 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Czarny-Ratajczak type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018663 biolink:NamedThing regressive spondylometaphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030487 biolink:NamedThing spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, pagnamenta type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031169 biolink:NamedThing odontochondrodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850096 biolink:NamedThing SBDS-related severe neonatal spondylometaphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007989 biolink:NamedThing congenital microcoria Congenital microcoria is a rare autosomal dominant ophthalmological disease caused by maldevelopment of the dilator muscle of the pupil that is characterized by small pupils (<2 mm in diameter) from birth, peripheral iris hypopigmentation and transillumination defects leading to errors of refraction (myopia, astigmatism) and sometimes juvenile open angle glaucoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019630 biolink:NamedThing congenital ectropion uveae Congenital ectropion uveae is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic developmental defect of the eye characterized by the presence of iris pigment epithelium on the anterior surface of the iris, anterior insertion of the iris, angle dysgenesis and progressive open-angle glaucoma (the latter may present in infancy or may develop later in life). Patients may manifest with headaches, ocular pain, photophobia, and redness, watering and/or swelling of the eye. It can often be associated with neurofibromatosis and less commonly with other ocular abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100235 biolink:NamedThing FOXC1-related anterior segment dysgenesis Any anterior segment dysgenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FOXC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0007994 biolink:NamedThing micromelic bone dysplasia with cloverleaf skull DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008547 biolink:NamedThing thanatophoric dysplasia type 2 Thanatophoric dysplasia characterized by a cloverleaf-like skull and straight femurs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008000 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010253 biolink:NamedThing migraine, familial typical, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011845 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011847 biolink:NamedThing migraine without aura, susceptibility to, 4 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing migraines without aura. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011850 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011851 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012210 biolink:NamedThing migraine with aura, susceptibility to, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012303 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012331 biolink:NamedThing migraine with aura, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012440 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012441 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012715 biolink:NamedThing migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013344 biolink:NamedThing migraine, with or without aura, susceptibility to, 13 Any migraine disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNK18 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008002 biolink:NamedThing mirror movements 1 Any familial congenital mirror movements in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DCC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100515 biolink:NamedThing mirror movements 1 and/or agenesis of the corpus callosum A familial congenital mirror movement disorder where individuals with heterozygous variants in DCC have congenital mirror movements and/or agenesis of the corpus callosum (not with or without- some individuals do not demonstrate mirror movements and only have corpus callosum defects, even within the same family). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009783 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal recessive 1 Any autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014062 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome with progressive myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014656 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal recessive 2 Any progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNASEH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014898 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal recessive 3 Any autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TK2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014899 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset multiple mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome due to DGUOK deficiency Adult-onset multiple mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome due to DGUOK deficiency is an extremely rare multiple mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome with markedly decreased deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) activity in skeletal muscle characterized by a highly variable phenotype. Clinical manifestations include progressive external ophthalmoplegia, mitochondrial myopathy, recurrent rhabdomyolysis, lower motor neuron disease, mild cognitive impairment, sensory axonal neuropathy, optic atrophy, ataxia, hypogonadism and/or parkinsonism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020845 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal recessive 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016798 biolink:NamedThing ataxia neuropathy spectrum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019817 biolink:NamedThing congenital mitral valve insufficiency and/or stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020398 biolink:NamedThing congenital mitral stenosis Congenital mitral stenosis is a congenital heart malformation comprising a spectrum of morphologically heterogeneous developmental anomalies that result in functional and anatomic obstruction of inflow into the left ventricle. The structure of the mitral valve is affected at the level of the supravalvular ring, annulus, leaflets or subvalvar copmponents and include supra-valvular ring, leaflet fusion (intra-leaflet ring), mitral parachute deformity and papillary muscle abnormalities. It may be isolated or associated with other heart malformations. The clinical presentation depends on the degree of obstruction, the presence of regurgitation, the presence and severity of associated pulmonary hypertension, and the presence of associated heart malformations. It may present with symptoms and signs of low cardiac output and right ventricular failure such as pulmonary infections, failure to thrive, exertional dyspnoea, cough, cyanosis and congestive heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020399 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypoplasia of the mitral valve annulus Hypoplasia of the mitral valve annulus is a rare, congenital, mitral valve malformation characterized by hypoplastic annulus which usually appears within a complete mitral valve hypoplasia, causing mitral valve stenosis. Association with other cardiac malformation is common, including coarctation of the aorta, aortic valve stenosis, Shone complex and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020400 biolink:NamedThing congenital supravalvular mitral ring Congenital supravalvular mitral ring is a rare, congenital, mitral valve malformation characterized by an abnormal ridge of the connective tissue on the atrial side of the mitral valve, which can present clinically with signs and symptoms of left ventricle inflow obstruction (dyspnea, tachypnea, pulmonary hypertension, right ventricle hypertrophy, pulmonary edema). Association with other mitral valve anomalies, aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, double-outlet right ventricle, pulmonary hypertension, and Shone complex has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020401 biolink:NamedThing congenital unguarded mitral orifice Congenital unguarded mitral orifice is a rare, congenital, mitral valve malformation characterized by complete absence of mitral valve leaflets and tensor apparatus at the mitral annulus, which can present clinically with cyanosis, heart murmur, electrocardiogram abnormalities, mild cardiomegaly, or congestive heart failure. Association with heterotaxy, discordant atrioventricular connections, double-outlet right ventricle, pulmonary atresia or stenosis, thin left ventricular wall, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020402 biolink:NamedThing congenital accessory mitral valve tissue Accessory mitral valve tissue is a congenital non-syndromic heart malformation defined as an accessory mitral valve leaflet or various accessory mitral valve structures. It may be asymptomatic or present at various ages with symptoms of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, low cardiac output due to subaortic obstruction or congestive heart failure. In some cases, it may be a source of cardioembolism. The malformation may be isolated or associated with other congenital heart malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020403 biolink:NamedThing congenital mitral valve agenesis Mitral valve agenesis is a rare congenital heart malformation defined as an agenesis or severe hypoplasia of both mitral valve leaflets (complete agenesis) or one of the leaflets (partial agenesis). Complete mitral valve agenesis presents in the neonatal period with symptoms of severe mitral regurgitation and is rapidly fatal unless surgically treated. It is frequently associated with other heart malformations. Partial mitral valve agenesis may present at various ages, usually with symptoms of mitral regurgitation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008388 biolink:NamedThing ringed hair disease Pili annulati is an isolated, benign hair shaft abnormality, usually presenting after the age of 2 and affecting the hair of the scalp or very rarely beard, axillary, or pubic hair, that is characterized by a banded or speckled appearance due to alternating light bands (corresponding to air-filled cavities within the cortex of the affected hair shafts) and dark bands. The bands have a lifelong duration, may only be detectable under light microscopy, are more apparent in fair-colored hair or with age-related graying, and have no effect on hair growth or fragility in the vast majority of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008621 biolink:NamedThing uncombable hair syndrome Uncombable hair syndrome (UHS), or pili trianguli et canaliculi, is a rare scalp hair shaft dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008686 biolink:NamedThing isolated familial woolly hair disorder Woolly hair is a rare congenital abnormality of the structure of the scalp hair marked by extreme kinkiness of the hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009870 biolink:NamedThing pili torti Pili torti is a hair shaft abnormality characterized by flat hair that is twisted at irregular intervals. Hair is normal at birth but progressively stops growing long and becomes fragile. Pili torti can be isolated or occur in association with syndromes such as Menkes disease or Bazex syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019120 biolink:NamedThing pili bifurcati Pili bifurcati is an uncommon transitory hair shaft dysplasia characterized by segmental duplication of the hair shaft: a ramification generates two parallel branches which fuse to form a single shaft again. Each branch is covered by its own cuticle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019330 biolink:NamedThing pili gemini Pili gemini defines a situation where the papilla's tip of a hair follicle splits during the anagen phase and consequently grows two hair shafts emerging through a single pilary canal. A papilla tip that divides in several tips will produce several hair shafts, a situation named pili multigemini. Pili gemini or multigemini can occur in each type of hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008013 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 9p deletion syndrome Monosomy 9p is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by psychomotor developmental delay, facial dysmorphism (trigonocephaly, midface hypoplasia, upslanting palpebral fissures, dysplastic small ears, flat nasal bridge with anteverted nostrils and long philtrum, micrognathia, choanal atresia, short neck), single umbilical artery, omphalocele, inguinal or umbilical hernia, genital abnormalities (hypospadia, cryptorchidism), muscular hypotonia and scoliosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016874 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016908 biolink:NamedThing partial monosomy of the long arm of chromosome 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035173 biolink:NamedThing 9q21.13 microdeletion syndrome A rare, genetic, intellectual disability malformation syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, delayed speech and language development, epilepsy, autistic behavior, and moderate facial dysmorphism (including elongated face, narrow forehead, arched eyebrows, horizontal palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthus, midface flattening, short nose, long and featureless philtrum, thin upper lip, macrostomia, and prominent chin). Additional variable manifestations include microcephaly, hypotonia, hypertrichosis, and strabismus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008019 biolink:NamedThing mullerian aplasia and hyperandrogenism Deficiency of the glycoprotein WNT4, associated with loss of function mutation(s) in the WNT4 gene. The condition in 46,XX individuals is characterized by mild hyperandrogenism, absence of underdevelopment of the uterus, and sometimes absence of underdevelopment of the vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015830 biolink:NamedThing partial bilateral aplasia of the mullerian ducts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008021 biolink:NamedThing Cowden syndrome 1 Any Cowden disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTEN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012878 biolink:NamedThing Cowden syndrome 2 Any Cowden disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014045 biolink:NamedThing Cowden syndrome 3 Any Cowden disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDHD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014046 biolink:NamedThing Cowden syndrome 4 Any Cowden disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KLLN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014047 biolink:NamedThing Cowden syndrome 5 Any Cowden disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIK3CA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014048 biolink:NamedThing Cowden syndrome 6 Any Cowden disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AKT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014802 biolink:NamedThing Cowden syndrome 7 Any Cowden disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEC23B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042961 biolink:NamedThing sacral hemangiomas multiple congenital abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009983 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa-intellectual disability-deafness-hypogenitalism syndrome Retinitis pigmentosa - intellectual disability - deafness - hypogenitalism is an extremely rare syndromic retinitis pigmentosa characterized by pigmentary retinopathy, diabetes mellitus with hyperinsulinism, acanthosis nigricans, secondary cataracts, neurogenic deafness, short stature mild hypogonadism in males and polycystic ovaries with oligomenorrhea in females. Inheritance is thought to be autosomal recessive. It can be distinguished from Alstrom syndrome by the presence of intellectual disability and the absence of renal insufficiency. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010051 biolink:NamedThing spastic tetraplegia-retinitis pigmentosa-intellectual disability syndrome Spastic tetraplegia-retinitis pigmentosa-intellectual disability syndrome is characterized by nonprogressive spastic paraplegia, retinitis pigmentosa, and intellectual deficit. It has been described in two brothers born to consanguineous parents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011202 biolink:NamedThing RHYNS syndrome RHYNS syndrome is characterised by the association of retinitis pigmentosa, hypopituitarism, nephronophthisis, and skeletal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014495 biolink:NamedThing retinitis pigmentosa-juvenile cataract-short stature-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017041 biolink:NamedThing osteochondrodysplatic nanism-deafness-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome Osteochondrodysplatic nanism-deafness-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome is characterized by severe dwarfism, progressive scoliosis and bilateral dislocation of the hip, associated with sensorineural deafness and retinitis pigmentosa. Radiographs show diffuse osteoporosis, severe bone-age delay and dysplasia of the femoral head. It has been described in two patients. Transmission is autosomal dominant variable penetrance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017804 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive leukoencephalopathy-ischemic stroke-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome Autosomal recessive leukoencephalopathy-ischemic stroke-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome is a rare neurologic disease characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, multiple ischemic lesions in brain MRI, behavioral abnormalities, dystonia, choreic movements and pyramidal syndrome, facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, arched palate, macroglossia), retinitis pigmentosa, scoliosis, seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008024 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 7A Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC5A7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008025 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 2A Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HSPB8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011879 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 7B Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DCTN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012080 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 2B Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HSPB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013243 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 2C Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HSPB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014259 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 2D Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FBXO38 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100350 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015355 biolink:NamedThing distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 7 Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 7 is a rare, slowly progressive genetic peripheral neuropathy characterized by distal atrophy and weakness affecting the upper limbs (with a predilection for the thenar eminence) and subsequently the lower limbs, associated with uni- or bilateral vocal cord paresis leading to hoarse voice and breathing difficulties, and facial weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015352 biolink:NamedThing distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008026 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant childhood-onset proximal spinal muscular atrophy without contractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018190 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant childhood-onset proximal spinal muscular atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014121 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant childhood-onset proximal spinal muscular atrophy with contractures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032660 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy, lower extremity-predominant, 2b, prenatal onset, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008028 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, Barnes type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010675 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, cardiac type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010676 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, Hemizygous lethal type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010677 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, Mabry type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010678 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, progressive Pectorodorsal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100228 biolink:NamedThing LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy Any muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LAMA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008030 biolink:NamedThing facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 1 Any facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FRG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008031 biolink:NamedThing facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 2 Any facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMCHD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010884 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, scapulohumeral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030354 biolink:NamedThing facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 3, digenic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030355 biolink:NamedThing facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 4, digenic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008034 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, pseudohypertrophic, with Internalized capillaries DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010311 biolink:NamedThing Becker muscular dystrophy Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness due to degeneration of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008038 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-pancytopenia syndrome A rare genetic disease characterized by cerebellar ataxia, cytopenias and predisposition to bone marrow failure and myeloid leukaemia. Neurologic features variably include slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia or balance impairment with cerebellar atrophy and periventricular white matter T2 hyperintensities in brain MRI, horizontal and vertical nystagmus, dysmetria, dysarthria, pyramidal tract signs and reduced nerve conduction velocity. Hematological abnormalities are variable and may be intermittent and include cytopenias of all cell lineages, immunodeficiency, myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016612 biolink:NamedThing X-linked cerebellar ataxia X-linked form of cerebellar ataxia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008044 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic dystonia 11 Any myoclonus-dystonia syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SGCE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011844 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic dystonia 15 A myoclonic dystonia characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 18p11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014620 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic dystonia 26 Any myoclonus-dystonia syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCTD17 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008452 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy, facioscapulohumeral type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008455 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy, segmental DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010057 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy, Ryukyuan type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010338 biolink:NamedThing X-linked distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 X-linked distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 is a rare distal hereditary motor neuropathy characterized by slowly progressive atrophy and weakness of distal muscles of hands and feet with normal deep tendon reflexes or absent ankle reflexes and minimal or no sensory loss, sometimes mild proximal weakness in the legs and feet and hand deformities in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011436 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive distal spinal muscular atrophy 1 Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 is a rare genetic motor neuron disease characterized by severe respiratory distress/respiratory failure in association with diaphragmatic eventration and palsy, as well as progressive, symmetrical, distal-to-proximal muscle weakness and atrophy (in lower limbs especially). Patients typically have a history of intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, feeble cry, weak suck and failure to thrive and present with inspiratory stridor, recurrent episodes of dyspnea or apnea, cyanosis and absent deep tendon reflexes. Kyphosis/scoliosis, foot deformities and joint contractures are frequently associated features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011585 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive distal spinal muscular atrophy 2 Distal hereditary motor neuropathy, Jerash type is a rare, genetic neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive, symmetrical, moderate to severe, distal muscle weakness and atrophy, without sensory involvement, first affecting the lower limbs (towards the end of the first decade) and then involving (within two years) the upper extremities. Patients typically develop foot drop, pes varus, hammer toes and claw hands. Pyramidal tract signs (e.g. brisk knee reflexes, positive Babinski sign, absent ankle reflexes) are initially associated but regress as disease stabilizes (~10 years after onset). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011771 biolink:NamedThing distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 Distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 is a rare neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscular weakness and atrophy predominantly affecting distal parts of limbs, later involvement of proximal and trunk muscles with marked hyperlordosis and late diaphragmatic dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013947 biolink:NamedThing young adult-onset distal hereditary motor neuropathy Young adult-onset distal hereditary motor neuropathy is a rare autosomal recessive distal hereditary motor neuropathy characterized by slowly progressive muscular weakness, hypotonia and atrophy of the lower limbs, more pronounced distally, leading to paralysis, and loss of tendon reflexes. Additional features may include pes cavus and mild dysphonia. The upper limbs are relatively spared. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010791 biolink:NamedThing myoglobinuria, recurrent An inborn error of metabolism characterized by abnormal urinary excretion of myoglobin due to acute destruction of skeletal muscle fibers. The exact prevalence remains unknown. In the majority of cases, the disease manifests in childhood and is often triggered by exertion or infection (febrile illness). Hypertonia, muscle stiffness and muscle pain, impaired kidney function and elevated levels of serum creatine kinase are common clinical features. Mutations in the mitochondrial DNA-encoded cytochrome C oxidase genes (MT-CO1 and MT-CO2) should be considered in patients with recurrent myoglobinuria. Recently, mutations in the LPIN1 gene (chromosome 2p21) have been reported to have a causative role in three patients with recurrent episodes of myoglobinuria, originating from consanguineous families. The disorder may occur sporadically, or be inherited in either a recessive or dominant manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008722 biolink:NamedThing short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) deficiency is a very rare inborn error of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation characterized by variable manifestations ranging from asymptomatic individuals (in most cases) to those with failure to thrive, hypotonia, seizures, developmental delay and progressive myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008919 biolink:NamedThing systemic primary carnitine deficiency disease Systemic primary carnitine deficiency (SPCD) is a potentially lethal disorder of fatty acid oxidation characterized classically by early childhood onset cardiomyopathy often with weakness and hypotonia, failure to thrive and recurrent hypoglycemic hypoketotic seizures and/or coma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009703 biolink:NamedThing myopathy with abnormal lipid metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015515 biolink:NamedThing carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II) deficiency is an inherited metabolic disorder that affects mitochondrial oxidation of long chain fatty acids (LCFA). Three forms of CPT II deficiency have been described: a myopathic form, a severe infantile form and a neonatal form. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010683 biolink:NamedThing X-linked centronuclear myopathy An inherited neuromuscular disorder defined by numerous centrally placed nuclei on muscle biopsy and clinical features of a congenital myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015705 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy (AR-CNM) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder defined by numerous centrally placed nuclei on muscle biopsy and clinical features of a congenital myopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054695 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, centronuclear, 6, with fiber-type disproportion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008049 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, distal, infantile-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014877 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, distal, 5 Any distal myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADSSL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014945 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, distal, with rimmed vacuoles DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024771 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, distal, 7, adult-onset, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016195 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008409 biolink:NamedThing MYH7-related late-onset scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018010 biolink:NamedThing juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018011 biolink:NamedThing juvenile overlap myositis Juvenile overlap myositis is a rare juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterized by the association of inflammatory myositis (manifesting with acral erythema, progressive weakness of the limbs, pain, general fatigue, moodiness or crankiness) with clinical and/or laboratory features of other autoimmune diseases (e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus, localized scleroderma, diabetes). Cardiac involvement has been reported in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019734 biolink:NamedThing juvenile polymyositis An idiopathic inflammatory myopathy of childhood resulting in muscle weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008055 biolink:NamedThing myotonia congenita, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008057 biolink:NamedThing Carney complex, type 1 Any Carney complex in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKAR1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011525 biolink:NamedThing Carney complex type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008062 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy 1 A rare disorder characterized by sudden and transient episodes of loss of muscle tone. It often follows an experience of intense emotions. It is seen in patients with narcolepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012179 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013652 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy 7 Any narcolepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MOG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016814 biolink:NamedThing maternally-inherited Leigh syndrome Maternally inherited Leigh syndrome is a rare subtype of Leigh syndrome characterized clinically by encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, seizures, cardiomyopathy, respiratory disorders and developmental delay, with onset in infancy or early childhood, and resulting from maternally-inherited mutations in mitochondrial DNA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016816 biolink:NamedThing Leigh syndrome with nephrotic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019083 biolink:NamedThing Leigh syndrome with cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008070 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 3 An inherited myopathy caused by mutations in the ACTA1 gene, encoding actin, alpha skeletal muscle. The phenotype is highly variable, and as such attempts at classification by clinical features is not optimal. Generally, affected individuals have generalized muscle weakness, typically involving proximal muscles, the face, bulbar and respiratory muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009725 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 2 An autosomal recessive inherited myopathy caused by mutations in the NEB gene. It is characterized by generalized hypotonia and skeletal muscle weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014138 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 8 An autosomal recessive myopathy caused by mutations in the KLHL40 gene, encoding Kelch-like protein 40. The phenotype is highly variable, and as such attempts at classification by clinical features is not optimal. Generally, affected individuals have generalized muscle weakness, and typically involves proximal muscles, the face, bulbar and respiratory muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014326 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 9 Any nemaline myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KLHL41 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014513 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 10 Any nemaline myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LMOD3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012239 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 1 Any nemaline myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TPM3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012538 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 7 Any nemaline myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CFL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012237 biolink:NamedThing nemaline myopathy 6 Any nemaline myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KBTBD13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015753 biolink:NamedThing cap myopathy Cap myopathy is a very rare congenital myopathy presenting a weakness of facial and respiratory muscles associated with craniofacial and thoracic deformities, as well as weakness of limb proximal and distal muscles. Onset is at birth or in childhood, weakness progression is slow but may lead to a severe and even fatal prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019949 biolink:NamedThing zebra body myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020342 biolink:NamedThing congenital myopathy with excess of thin filaments DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013128 biolink:NamedThing familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2 Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2 is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited disease of childhood characterized by hypoproliferative anemia, hyperuricemia and slowly progressing kidney failure due to dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013643 biolink:NamedThing hyperuricemic nephropathy, familial juvenile type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014891 biolink:NamedThing hyperuricemic nephropathy, familial juvenile type 4 Any familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEC61A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020726 biolink:NamedThing tubulointerstitial kidney disease, autosomal dominant, 2 An inherited disorder that causes a gradual loss of kidney function, caused by a mutation in the MUC1 gene that leads to production of an abnormal mucin 1 protein, which deposits in the kidney and leads to slow loss of kidney function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008078 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis, familial spinal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013357 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17q11.2 deletion syndrome, 1.4Mb A rare severe form of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) characterized by mild facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, intellectual disability, increased risk of malignancies, and a large number of neurofibromas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018208 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis type 1 due to NF1 mutation or intragenic deletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008080 biolink:NamedThing neurofibromatosis, type III, mixed central and peripheral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014299 biolink:NamedThing schwannomatosis 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024517 biolink:NamedThing schwannomatosis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008083 biolink:NamedThing ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal, 4 (Kufs type) A condition associated with mutation(s) in the DNAJC5 gene, encoding dnaJ homolog subfamily C member 5. The condition is one of a group of genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by accumulation of intracellular lipopigments. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019260 biolink:NamedThing adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis A genetically heterogeneous group of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) with onset during the third decade of life, characterized by dementia, seizures and loss of motor capacities, and sometimes associated with visual loss caused by retinal degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008768 biolink:NamedThing ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal, 6B (Kufs type) Any neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLN6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012414 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 10 A rare condition that affects the nervous system. Signs and symptoms of the condition can develop any time from birth to adulthood and may include progressive dementia, seizures, lack of muscle coordination, and vision loss. CLN10-NCL is caused by changes (mutations) in the CTSD gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment options are limited to therapies that can help relieve some of the symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013866 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 11 Any neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014147 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 13 Any neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTSF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008086 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type 1A An axonal form of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy distinguished by prominent early sensory loss and later positive sensory phenomena, caused by mutations in SPTLC1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018213 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 Hereditary sensory neuropathy type I (HSN I) is a slowly progressive neurological disorder characterised by prominent predominantly distal sensory loss, autonomic disturbances, autosomal dominant inheritance, and juvenile or adulthood disease onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011961 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1B Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type 1B (HSAN1B) is characterized by the association of type 1 HSAN with paroxysmal cough and gastroesophageal reflux (GOR). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013337 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type 1C A hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the SPTLC2 gene on chromosome 14q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013381 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type 1D A hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 characterized by adult onset of a distal axonal sensory neuropathy that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the ATL1 gene on chromosome 14q. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014286 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type 1F Any hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008087 biolink:NamedThing hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) is an inherited peripheral nerve disorder characterized by recurrent mononeuropathy usually triggered by minor physical activities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008392 biolink:NamedThing Roussy-Levy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011197 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thermosensitive neuropathy Hereditary thermosensitive neuropathy is a rare, demyelinating, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by reversible episodes of ascending muscle weakness, paresthesias and areflexia triggered by a febrile episode, with or without pressure palsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011998 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant slowed nerve conduction velocity Autosomal dominant slowed nerve conduction velocity is a hereditary demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by slowed nerve conduction velocities, in the absence of clinically apparent neurological deficits, gait abnormalities or muscular atrophy, associated with a germline mutation in the ARGHEF10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014723 biolink:NamedThing PMP22-RAI1 contiguous gene duplication syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015351 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy with hearing impairment This syndrome is characterized by the association of sensorineural hearing impairment and peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017237 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy with hyperelastic skin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033135 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, type 1G A rare autosomal dominant hereditary demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy, distal sensory impairment, and decreased or absent reflexes in the affected limbs, with an onset in the first or second decade of life. Median motor nerve conduction velocities are typically less than 38 m/s. Patients often have foot deformities. Sural nerve biopsy shows decrease in myelinated fibers, myelin abnormalities, and onion bulb formation. Fatty replacement of muscle tissue predominantly affects the anterior and lateral compartment of the lower legs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022754 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17p deletion A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the allelic loss of all or part of the short arm of chromosome 17. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013415 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17p13.1 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016839 biolink:NamedThing distal 17p13.3 microdeletion syndrome Distal 17p13.3 microdeletion syndrome is a rare partial monosomy of the short arm of chromosome 17 with a variable phenotype characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, developmental delay, mild intellectual disability, macrocephaly, mild facial dysmorphisms including prominent forehead, hypertelorism, thick upper and/or lower lip vermillion, and structural abnormalities of the brain variably including white matter abnormalities, prominent Virchow-Robin spaces, Chiari I malformation, corpus callosum hypoplasia, but no lissencephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008090 biolink:NamedThing cyclic hematopoiesis A hematologic disorder caused by a mutation in the ELANE (ELA2) gene; clinical manifestations include recurrent neutropenia with resultant susceptibility to infection leading to fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009288 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease Ib A type of glycogenosis due to G6P deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009523 biolink:NamedThing Lichtenstein syndrome Lichstenstein syndrome is characterised by frequent infections associated with osteoporosis, a tendency for fractures and osseous anomalies. It has been described in two monozygotic twin brothers. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011872 biolink:NamedThing Griscelli syndrome type 2 Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) is a rare, inherited condition that affects the skin, hair, and immune system. People with GS2 have unusually light skin and silver-colored hair. They are also prone to recurrent infections and develop an immune condition called hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). HLH can damage organs and tissues throughout the body, causing life-threatening complications. GS2 is caused by changes (mutations) in the RAB27A gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. The only current treatment that can extend survival is stem cell transplantation (a bone marrow transplant). Untreated, most children with GS2 do not survive past early childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011997 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 2 A type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a multi-system disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis and neutropenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012559 biolink:NamedThing primary immunodeficiency syndrome due to p14 deficiency Primary immunodeficiency syndrome due to p14 deficiency is characterised by short stature, hypopigmentation, coarse facies and frequent bronchopulmonary Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017100 biolink:NamedThing neutropenia-monocytopenia-deafness syndrome Neutropenia-monocytopenia-deafness syndrome is characterised by neutropenia with myeloid marrow hypoplasia, monocytopenia, and congenital deafness. It has been described in three siblings who suffered recurrent bacterial infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018542 biolink:NamedThing severe congenital neutropenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000006 biolink:NamedThing WHIM syndrome 1 A congenital autosomal dominant immune deficiency characterized by abnormal retention of mature neutrophils in the bone marrow (myelokathexis) and occasional hypogammaglobulinemia, associated with an increased risk for bacterial infections and a susceptibility to human papillomavirus (HPV) induced lesions (cutaneous warts, genital dysplasia and invasive mucosal carcinoma). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016293 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013183 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness 1C Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRPM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013807 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness 1E Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GPR179 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014026 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness 1F Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRIT3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014872 biolink:NamedThing congenital stationary night blindness 1H Any congenital stationary night blindness in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GNB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008102 biolink:NamedThing sick sinus syndrome 2, autosomal dominant Any sick sinus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HCN4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008423 biolink:NamedThing sinus node disease and myopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024562 biolink:NamedThing sick sinus syndrome 1 Any sick sinus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN5A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008104 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 1 Noonan syndrome caused by mutations in the PTPN11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011531 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012371 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 3 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRAS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012547 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 4 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012690 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 5 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013186 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 6 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NRAS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013379 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 7 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRAF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014143 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 8 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RIT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014691 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 9 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014693 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 10 Any Noonan syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LZTR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030679 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032786 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032839 biolink:NamedThing noonan syndrome 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033669 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008106 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus 2, congenital, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008107 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus, hereditary vertical DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008654 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus 4, congenital, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009762 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus, congenital, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010369 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus 5, congenital, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010435 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus 6, congenital, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010693 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus 1, congenital, X-linked Any congenital nystagmus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FRMD7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010694 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus, myoclonic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012015 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus 3, congenital, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013903 biolink:NamedThing nystagmus 7, congenital, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008109 biolink:NamedThing ocular cicatricial pemphigoid Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) is a form of mucous membrane pemphigoid (a group of rare, chronic autoimmune disorders) that affects the eyes. In the early stages, people with OCPgenerally experience chronic or relapsing conjunctivitis that is often characterized by tearing, irritation, burning, and/or mucus drainage. If left untreated, OCP can progress to severe conjunctiva scarring and vision loss. Involvement of other mucosal sites and the skin may also occur in OCP. The exact underlying cause is currently unknown. The treatment of OCP aims to slow disease progression and prevent complications. This usually involves long-term use of medications called immunomodulators which help regulate or normalize the immune system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013691 biolink:NamedThing Feingold syndrome type 2 Feingold syndrome type 2 (FS2) is a rare inherited malformation syndrome characterized by skeletal abnormalities and mild intellectual disabilities similar to those seen in Feingold syndrome type 1 (FS1) but that lacks the manifestations of gastrointestinal atresia and short palpebral fissures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008120 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7), currently the only known form of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type 2 (ADCA2), is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive ataxia, motor system abnormalities, dysarthria, dysphagia and retinal degeneration leading to progressive blindness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008132 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy with demyelinating disease of CNS DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010772 biolink:NamedThing Leber optic atrophy and dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012543 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008135 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy 13 with retinal and foveal abnormalities DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010698 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy 2 A rare form of hereditary optic atrophy, seen in only 4 families to date, with an onset in early childhood, characterized by progressive loss of visual acuity, significant optic nerve pallor and occasionally additional neurological manifestations, with females being unaffected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011536 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033549 biolink:NamedThing optic atrophy 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013999 biolink:NamedThing optic nerve edema-splenomegaly syndrome Optic nerve edema-splenomegaly syndrome is a rare presumably genetic disorder characterized by idiopathic massive splenomegaly with pancytopenia and childhood-onset chronic optic nerve edema with slowly progressive vision loss. Additional reported features include anhidrosis, urticaria and headaches. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015310 biolink:NamedThing syndromic optic nerve hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008137 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome X Oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 10 is characterized by facial (telecanthus, flat nasal bridge, retrognathia), oral (cleft palate, vestibular frenula) and digital (oligodactyly, preaxial polydactyly) features, associated with remarkable radial shortening, fibular agenesis and coalescence of tarsal bones. The syndrome has been described in one 10-month-old girl. No new cases have been described since 1993. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008267 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome V Oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 5 is characterized by median cleft of the upper lip, postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet, and oral manifestations (duplicated frenulum). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009642 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome type II Oral-facial-digital (OFD) type 2 is characterized by hand and feet deformities, facial deformities, midline cleft of the upper lip and tongue hamartomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009793 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome III Oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 3 is characterized by anomalies of the mouth, eyes and digits, associated with severe intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009795 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome IX Oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 9 is characterized by highly arched palate with bifid tongue and bilateral supernumerary lower canines, hamartomatous tongue, multiple frenula, hypertelorism, telecanthus, strabismus, broad and/or bifid nasal tip, short stature, bifid halluces, forked metatarsal, poly- and syndactyly, mild intellectual deficit and specific retinal abnormalities (bilateral optic disc coloboma and retinal dysplasia with partial detachment). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010176 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome type 6 Joubert syndrome with orofaciodigital defect (or oral-facial-digital syndrome type 6, OFD6) is a very rare subtype of Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) characterized by the neurological features of JS associated with orofacial anomalies and often polydactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010336 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome VIII Oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 8 is characterized by tongue lobulation, hypoplasia of the epiglottis, median cleft upper lip, broad or bifid nasal tip, hypertelorism or telecanthus, bilateral preaxial and postaxial polydactyly, abnormal tibiae and/or radii, duplication of the halluces, short stature, and mild intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012049 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome VII DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013035 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome XI Orofaciodigital syndrome type 11 is an extremely rare, sporadic form of Orofaciodigital syndrome (OFDS) with only a few reported cases, and characterized by facial (blepharophimosis, bulbous nasal tip, broad nasal bridge, downslanting palpebral fissures and low set ears) and skeletal (post-axial polydactyly and fusion of vertebrae) malformations along with severe intellectual disability, deafness and congenital heart defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014932 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome XV DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015421 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome type 12 Orofaciodigital syndrome type 12 is a rare subtype of orofaciodigital syndrome, with sporadic occurrence, characterized by cardiac (septum hypertrophy) and central nervous system abnormalities (myelomeningocele, Sylvius aqueduct stenosis, corpus callosum agenesis, vermis hypoplasia), in addition to oral, facial and digital malformations (gingival frenulae, bifid tongue, supernumerary teeth, macrocephaly, hypertelorism, pre- and post-axial polydactyly in hands, preaxial polydactyly in feet and club feet). Skeletal anomalies, such as short tibiae and central, Y-shaped metacarpals, are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015422 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome type 13 Orofaciodigital syndrome type 13 is a rare subtype of orofaciodigital syndrome, with sporadic occurrence, characterized by cardiac (mitral and tricuspid valve dysplasia) and neuropsychiatric manifestations (epilepsy, depression), in addition to oral, facial and digital malformations (lingual hamartomas, cleft lip, and brachydactyly, clinodactyly, syndactyly of hands and feet). Leukoaraiosis, on brain MRI examination, is also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033045 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033375 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054770 biolink:NamedThing orofaciodigital syndrome 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008149 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta with opalescent teeth, blue sclerae and wormian bones but without fractures An osteogenesis imperfecta found in a single South African family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008154 biolink:NamedThing osteomas of mandible DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008156 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant osteopetrosis 2 A sclerosing disorder of the skeleton characterized by increased bone density that classically displays the radiographic sign of ''sandwich vertebrae'' (dense bands of sclerosis parallel to the vertebral endplates). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011877 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant osteopetrosis 1 Autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type I (ADO I) is a sclerosing bone disorder characterized by skeletal densification that predominantly involves the cranial vault. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020848 biolink:NamedThing osteopetrosis, autosomal dominant 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008215 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset autosomal dominant demyelinating leukodystrophy Adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD) is a rare slowly progressive neurological disorder involving centralnervous systemdemyelination, leading to autonomic dysfunction,ataxia and mild cognitive impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008974 biolink:NamedThing Greenberg dysplasia A very rare lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by fetal hydrops, short limbs and abnormal chondro-osseous calcification. The disease is characterized by early in utero lethality and affected fetuses are considered as nonviable. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009557 biolink:NamedThing mandibuloacral dysplasia with type A lipodystrophy A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the LMNA gene. It is characterized by growth retardation, craniofacial abnormalities with mandibular hypoplasia, skeletal abnormalities with progressive osteolysis of the distal phalanges and clavicles, and mottled or patchy skin pigmentation. The affected individuals have a marked acral loss of adipose tissue with normal or increased adipose tissue in the neck and trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012074 biolink:NamedThing mandibuloacral dysplasia with type B lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014676 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 3, autosomal recessive Any autosomal recessive Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LMNA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008164 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011586 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011999 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012046 biolink:NamedThing congenital corneal opacities, cornea guttata, and corectopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012121 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012696 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012697 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012797 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014264 biolink:NamedThing otosclerosis 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008493 biolink:NamedThing overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis Overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (OHSt) is a disorder of red cell membrane permeability to monovalent cations and is characterized clinically by hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008494 biolink:NamedThing cryohydrocytosis A rare, hereditary, hemolytic anemia due to a red cell membrane anomaly characterized by fatigue, mild anemia and pseudohyperkalemia due to a potassium leak from the red blood cells. A hallmark of this condition is that red blood cells lyse on storage at 4 degrees centigrade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012204 biolink:NamedThing familial pseudohyperkalemia An inherited, mild, non-hemolytic subtype of hereditary stomatocytosis that is associated with a temperature-dependent anomaly in red cell membrane permeability to potassium that leads to high in vitro potassium levels in samples stored below 37°C. FP is not associated with additional hematological abnormalities, although affected individuals may show some mild abnormalities like macrocytosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017910 biolink:NamedThing dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS) is a rare hemolytic anemia characterized by a decreased red cell osmotic fragility due to a defect in cation permeability, resulting in red cell dehydration and mild to moderate compensated hemolysis. Pseudohyperkalemia (loss of potassium ions from red cells on storage at room temperature) is sometimes observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019107 biolink:NamedThing Rh deficiency syndrome The Rh deficiency syndrome, also known as Rh-null syndrome, is a blood disorder where people have red blood cells (RBCs) lacking all Rh antigens. The Rh antigens maintain the integrity of the RBC membrane and therefore, RBCs which lack Rh antigens have an abnormal shape. There are two types of Rh deficiency syndrome: The regulator type is associated with many different changes (mutations) in the RHAG gene. The amorph type is caused by inactive copies of a gene (silent alleles) at the RH locus. As a result, the RBCs do not express any of the Rh antigens. The absence of the Rh complex alters the RBC shape, increases its tendency to break down (osmotic fragility), and shortens its lifespan, resulting in a hemolytic anemia that is usually mild. These patients are at risk of having adverse transfusion reactions because they may produce antibodies against several of the Rh antigens and can only receive blood from people who have the same condition. Rh deficiency syndrome is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Management is individualized according to the severity of hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015466 biolink:NamedThing cranio-osteoarthropathy Cranio-osteoarthropathy (COA) is a form of primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy characterized by delayed closure of the cranial sutures and fontanels, digital clubbing, arthropathy, and periostosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008173 biolink:NamedThing pachyonychia congenita 1 Any pachyonychia congenita in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT16 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008174 biolink:NamedThing pachyonychia congenita 2 Any pachyonychia congenita in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT17 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014324 biolink:NamedThing pachyonychia congenita 3 Any pachyonychia congenita in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT6A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014325 biolink:NamedThing pachyonychia congenita 4 Any pachyonychia congenita in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT6B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008176 biolink:NamedThing Paget disease of bone 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011656 biolink:NamedThing paget disease of bone 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014792 biolink:NamedThing Paget disease of bone 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008178 biolink:NamedThing inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia type 1 A rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the VCP gene. It can affect the muscles, bones, and brain. Patients may develop myopathy that initially involves the muscles of the hips and shoulders and as the disorder progresses it may affect the cardiac and respiratory muscles, leading to life-threatening cardiac and pulmonary failure. Approximately half of the adults develop Paget disease of bone, and approximately one-third develop frontotemporal dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014178 biolink:NamedThing inclusion body myopathy with early-onset Paget disease with or without frontotemporal dementia 2 Any inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HNRNPA2B1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014179 biolink:NamedThing inclusion body myopathy with early-onset Paget disease with or without frontotemporal dementia 3 Any inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HNRNPA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008183 biolink:NamedThing annular pancreas Annular pancreas is a distinct form of duodenal atresia in which the head of the pancreas forms a ring around the second portion of the duodenum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015213 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic visceral malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018703 biolink:NamedThing isolated splenogonadal fusion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019034 biolink:NamedThing accessory pancreas Accessory pancreas is an asymptomatic embryopathy characterized by the presence of pancreatic tissue in other sites of the body such as the splenic pedicle, gonadic pedicles, intestinal mesentery, duodenum wall, upper jejunum, or, more rarely, the gastric wall, ileum, gallbladder or spleen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008184 biolink:NamedThing pancreas, dorsal, agenesis of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014406 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic agenesis 2 Any pancreatic agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTF1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024547 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic agenesis 1 Any pancreatic agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017227 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune pancreatitis type 1 Type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis is a form of autoimmune pancreatitis seen in elderly males (>60 years) and presenting with abdominal pain, steatorrhea, obstructive jaundice and other organ (bile duct, kidneys and retroperitoneum) involvement. It is thought to be due to an immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-associated systemic disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008187 biolink:NamedThing panic disorder 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011924 biolink:NamedThing panic disorder 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012384 biolink:NamedThing panic disorder 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008193 biolink:NamedThing paralysis agitans, juvenile, of Hunt DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009830 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonian-pyramidal syndrome A Parkinson's disease that has material basis in mutation in the FBXO7 gene on chromosome 22q12.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008195 biolink:NamedThing paramyotonia congenita of Von Eulenburg Paramyotonia congenita of Von Eulenburg is characterised by exercise- or cold-induced myotonia and muscle weakness. Prevalence is unknown. The syndrome is nonprogressive and is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the alpha subunit of the type IV voltage-gated sodium channel (SCN4A; 17q23.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016121 biolink:NamedThing congenital myotonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018959 biolink:NamedThing potassium-aggravated myotonia Potassium-aggravated myotonia (PAM) is a muscular channelopathy presenting with a pure myotonia dramatically aggravated by potassium ingestion, with variable cold sensitivity and no episodic weakness. This group includes three forms: myotonia fluctuans, myotonia permanens, and acetazolamide-responsive myotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054869 biolink:NamedThing nondystrophic myotonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800339 biolink:NamedThing laryngospasm, severe neonatal episodic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0038268 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune neurological channelopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100446 biolink:NamedThing CNGB3-related retinopathy A retinopathy caused by biallelic variants in the CNGB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008197 biolink:NamedThing parietal foramina 1 Any parietal foramina in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012302 biolink:NamedThing parietal foramina 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012309 biolink:NamedThing parietal foramina 2 Any parietal foramina in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALX4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010796 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease, mitochondrial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013167 biolink:NamedThing parkinson disease 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008200 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Parkinson disease 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011562 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Parkinson disease 4 A late onset Parkinson disease that has material basis in heterozygous triplication of the alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA) on chromosome 4q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011764 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Parkinson disease 8 Any Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRRK2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013060 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Parkinson disease 14 A rare neurodegenerative disease usually presenting before the age of 30 and which is characterized by dystonia, L-dopa-responsive parkinsonism, pyramidal signs and rapid cognitive decline. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013625 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease 17 Any Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VPS35 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014604 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease 21 Any hereditary late onset Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAJC13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014742 biolink:NamedThing Parkinson disease 22, autosomal dominant Any Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHCHD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017427 biolink:NamedThing congenital deformities of limbs DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017430 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic congenital joint dislocations DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017431 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic limb overgrowth DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014878 biolink:NamedThing patent ductus arteriosus 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024266 biolink:NamedThing patent ductus arteriosus 3 Any patent ductus arteriosus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRDM6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024560 biolink:NamedThing PDA1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008210 biolink:NamedThing patterned macular dystrophy 1 Any patterned macular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRPH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012162 biolink:NamedThing patterned macular dystrophy 2 Any patterned macular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTNNA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014920 biolink:NamedThing patterned macular dystrophy 3 Any patterned macular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAPKAPK3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016956 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 5 Chromosome 5q duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 5. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 5q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Chromosome 5q duplication can be de novo or inherited from a parent with a chromosomal rearrangement such as a balanced translocation. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016461 biolink:NamedThing 5q35 microduplication syndrome The newly described 5q35 microduplication syndrome is associated with microcephaly, short stature, developmental delay and delayed bone maturation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019880 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 5q Distal trisomy 5q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 5, characterized by short stature, moderate intellectual disability, and craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, flat facies, large, low-set dysplastic ears, down-slanted, almond-shaped palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, small nose, long philtrum, small mouth with thin upper lip, and micrognathia). Patients also frequently present speech and cognitive delay, cardiac (ventriculomegaly, ventricular septum defect) and skeletal abnormalities (craniosynostosis, radial agenesis, ulnar hypoplasia, brachydactyly) and genital malformations (hypospadias, cryptorchidism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008752 biolink:NamedThing Alexander disease Alexander disease (AxD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder of the astrocytes comprised of two clinical forms: AxD Type I and Type II manifesting with various degrees of macrocephaly, spasticity, ataxia and seizures and leading to psychomotor regression and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010079 biolink:NamedThing Canavan disease A neurodegenerative disorder; its spectrum varies between severe forms with leukodystrophy, macrocephaly and severe developmental delay, and a very rare mild/juvenile form characterized by mild developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010714 biolink:NamedThing Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease An X-linked leukodystrophy characterized by developmental delay, nystagmus, hypotonia, spasticity, and variable intellectual deficit. It is classified into three sub-forms based on the age of onset and severity: connatal, transitional, and classic PMD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010733 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 2 Spastic paraplegia type 2 (SPG2) is an X-linked leukodystrophy characterized primarily by spastic gait and autonomic dysfunction. When additional central nervous system (CNS) signs, such as intellectual deficit, ataxia, or extrapyramidal signs, are present, the syndrome is referred to as complicated SPG. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011380 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter A new leukoencephalopathy, the CACH syndrome (Childhood Ataxia with Central nervous system Hypomyelination) or VWM (Vanishing White Matter) was identified on clinical and MRI criteria. Classically, this disease is characterized by (1) an onset between 2 and 5 years of age, with a cerebello-spastic syndrome exacerbated by episodes of fever or head trauma leading to death after 5 to 10 years of disease evolution, (2) a diffuse involvement of the white matter on cerebral MRI with a CSF-like signal intensity (cavitation), (3) a recessive autosomal mode of inheritance, (4) neuropathologic findings consistent with a cavitating orthochromatic leukodystrophy with increased number of oligodendrocytes with sometimes ``foamy'' aspect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011391 biolink:NamedThing megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a form of leukodystrophy that is characterized by infantile-onset macrocephaly, often with mild neurologic signs at presentation (such as mild motor delay), which worsen with time, leading to poor ambulation, falls, ataxia, spasticity, increasing seizures and cognitive decline. Brain magnetic resonance imaging reveals diffusely abnormal and mildly swollen white matter as well as subcortical cysts in the anterior temporal and frontoparietal regions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011897 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy-ataxia-hypodontia-hypomyelination syndrome A syndrome is characterised by ataxia, delayed dentition, hypomyelination and cerebral atrophy. So far, eight cases have been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012073 biolink:NamedThing ribose-5-P isomerase deficiency Ribose-5-P isomerase deficiency is an extremely rare, hereditary, disorder of pentose phosphate metabolism characterized by progressive leukoencephalopathy and a highly increased ribitol and D-arabitol levels in the brain and body fluids. Clinical presentation includes psychomotor delay, epilepsy, and childhood-onset slow neurological regression with ataxia, spasticity, optic atrophy and sensorimotor neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012514 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 5 Hypomyelination-congenital cataract is characterized by the onset of cataract either at birth or in the first two months of life, delayed psychomotor development by the end of the first year of life and moderate intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012905 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 6 Hypomyelination with atrophy of basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC) is characterized by slowly progressive spasticity, extrapyramidal movement disorders (dystonia, choreoathetosis and rigidity), cerebellar ataxia, moderate to severe cognitive deficit, and anarthria/dysarthria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013058 biolink:NamedThing cystic leukoencephalopathy without megalencephaly Cystic leukoencephalopathy without megalencephaly is characterised by non-progressive leukoencephalopathy, bilateral cysts in the anterior part of the temporal lobe, cerebral white matter anomalies and severe psychomotor impairment. Less than 50 patients have been described in the literature so far. Inheritance is most likely autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013391 biolink:NamedThing sterol carrier protein 2 deficiency A peroxisomal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by spasmodic torticollis, dystonic head tremor, intention tremor, nystagmus, hyposmia, and hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism with azoospermia. Slight cerebellar signs (left-sided intention tremor, balance and gait impairment) are also noted. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows bilateral hyperintense signals in the thalamus, butterfly-like lesions in the pons, and lesions in the occipital region, whereas nerve conduction studies of the lower extremities shows a predominantly motor and slight sensory neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013971 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy-thalamus and brainstem anomalies-high lactate syndrome Leukoencephalopathy-thalamus and brainstem anomalies-high lactate (LTBL) syndrome is a rare, genetic neurological disorder defined by early-onset of neurologic symptoms, biphasic clinical course, unique MRI features (incl. extensive, symmetrical, deep white matter abnormalities), and increased lactate in body fluids. The severe form is characterized by delayed psychomotor development, seizures, early-onset hypotonia, and persistently increased lactate levels. The mild form usually presents with irritability, psychomotor regression after six months of age, and temporary high lactate levels, with overall clinical improvement from the second year onward. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014115 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelination with brain stem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014292 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy with mild cerebellar ataxia and white matter edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014464 biolink:NamedThing progressive encephalopathy with leukodystrophy due to DECR deficiency Progressive encephalopathy with leukodystrophy due to DECR deficiency is a rare mitochondrial disease, which presents with neonatal hypotonia, central nervous system abnormalities (ventriculomegaly, corpus callosum hypoplasia, cerebellar atrophy), acquired microcephaly, failure to thrive, developmental delay and intermittent lactic acidosis provoked by catabolic stress (e.g. infection). Hyperlysinemia and elevated C10:2 carnitine can be detected in plasma. Later on, epilepsy, cerebellar ataxia, renal tubular acidosis, severe encephalopathy, dystonia, spastic quadriplegia and other complications may develop. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014506 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 9 Any leukodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RARS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014632 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 10 Any leukodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PYCR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014666 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 11 Any leukodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLR1C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014732 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 12 Any leukodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VPS11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014813 biolink:NamedThing hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 13 Any leukodystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HIKESHI gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015348 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy with bilateral anterior temporal lobe cysts Leukoencephalopathy with bilateral anterior temporal lobe cysts is a nonprogressive neurological disorder marked by intellectual deficit, spasticity and motor retardation associated with characteristic MRI findings of anterior bilateral temporal lobe cysts and multilobar leukoencephalopathy. So far, around 30 cases have been reported in the literature. Onset occurs in the first few months of life. Sensorineural deafness and microcephaly have also been reported. The etiology is unknown but an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015349 biolink:NamedThing progressive cavitating leukoencephalopathy Progressive cavitating leukoencephalopathy is characterized by acute episodes of neurological deficit (ataxia, dysarthria, seizures) with irritability and opisthotonus followed by either steady deterioration or alternating periods of rapid progression and prolonged periods of stability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017226 biolink:NamedThing Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease Pelizaeus-Merzbacher like disease (PMLD) is an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy sharing identical clinical and radiological features as X-linked Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019177 biolink:NamedThing odontoleukodystrophy Leukodystrophy with oligodontia is characterised by progressive ataxia beginning during infancy, a pyramidal syndrome and dental agenesis. The syndrome has been described in four children born to consanguineous parents. The mode of transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019397 biolink:NamedThing unknown leukodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020505 biolink:NamedThing ravine syndrome Ravine syndrome is an extremely rare genetic neurological disorder, reported in a small number of patients in a specific community on Reunion Island (Ravine region), characterized by infantile anorexia with irrepressible and repeated vomiting, acute brainstem dysfunction, severe failure to thrive, and progressive encephalopathy with MRI showing vanishing of medulla oblongata and cerebellar white matter and severe atrophy of pons, along with supra-tentorial periventricular white-matter hyperintensities and basal ganglia anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025701 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030263 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030514 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 23, with ataxia, deafness, liver dysfunction, and dilated cardiomyopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032730 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032871 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 19, transient infantile DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033043 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia 8, autosomal recessive, with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033486 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033657 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044642 biolink:NamedThing c11orf73-related autosomal recessive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044718 biolink:NamedThing alkaline ceramidase 3 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054782 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054791 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054817 biolink:NamedThing leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800027 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, diffuse hereditary, with spheroids 1 A rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by a complex phenotype including progressive dementia, apraxia, apathy, impaired balance, parkinsonism, spasticity and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008221 biolink:NamedThing prolidase deficiency An inherited disorder of peptide metabolism characterized by severe skin lesions, recurrent infections (involving mainly the skin and respiratory system), dysmorphic facial features, variable cognitive impairment, and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019232 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of peptide metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009351 biolink:NamedThing homocarnosinosis Homocarnosinosis is a metabolic defect characterised by progressive spastic diplegia, intellectual deficit and retinitis pigmentosa. This extremely rare disorder has been reported in only one family, namely a woman and three of her children. The latter showed progressive spastic diplegia, mental retardation and retinitis pigmentosa but their mother was symptom free. It is therefore uncertain whether there is a relationship between the biochemical defect and the clinical symptoms. Inheritance in the reported family seems to be autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019742 biolink:NamedThing late-onset nephronophthisis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008223 biolink:NamedThing hypokalemic periodic paralysis Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP) is characterised by episodes of muscle paralysis lasting from a few to 24-48 hours and associated with a fall in blood potassium levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008224 biolink:NamedThing hyperkalemic periodic paralysis Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyperPP) is a muscle disorder characterized by episodic attacks of muscle weakness associated with an increase in serum potassium concentration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008225 biolink:NamedThing normokalemic periodic paralysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019201 biolink:NamedThing thyrotoxic periodic paralysis Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare neurological disease characterized by recurrent episodes of paralysis and hypokalemia during a thyrotoxic state. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042980 biolink:NamedThing Westphal disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009238 biolink:NamedThing hereditary folate malabsorption Hereditary folate malabsorption (HFM) is an inherited disorder of folate transport characterized by a systemic and central nervous system (CNS) folate deficiency manifesting as megaloblastic anemia, failure to thrive, diarrhea and/or oral mucositis, immunologic dysfunction and neurological disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009240 biolink:NamedThing formiminoglutamic aciduria Formiminoglutamic aciduria, in its moderate form and in the absence of histidine administration, is characterized by mild developmental delay and elevated concentrations of formiminoglutamate (FIGLU) in the urine. A more severe phenotype has been described in five members of a Japanese family and included severe intellectual deficit, psychomotor retardation and megaloblastic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013456 biolink:NamedThing constitutional megaloblastic anemia with severe neurologic disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020112 biolink:NamedThing vitamin B12- and folate-independent constitutional megaloblastic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008250 biolink:NamedThing isolated growth hormone deficiency type II DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009876 biolink:NamedThing isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA An isolated growth hormone deficiency characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of severe dwarfism with onset by 6 months of age and variable development of antibodies to growth hormone following exogenous supplementation that has material basis in null mutations in the GH1 gene on chromosome 17q23.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009879 biolink:NamedThing short stature due to growth hormone qualitative anomaly Short stature due to growth hormone qualitative anomaly is characterised by growth retardation and short stature (despite the presence of normal or slightly elevated levels of immunoreactive growth hormone, GH), low concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and a significant increase in growth rate following recombinant GH therapy. Prevalence is unknown but only a few cases have been reported in the literature. The syndrome is caused by various mutations in the GH1 gene (17q22-q24) that result in structural GH anomalies and a biologically inactive molecule. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010615 biolink:NamedThing isolated growth hormone deficiency type III DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013006 biolink:NamedThing isolated growth hormone deficiency type IB An isolated growth hormone deficiency characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of low but detectable levels of GH, short stature, significantly retarded bone age, and a positive response and immunologic tolerance to growth hormone therapy that has material basis in mutation in the GH1 or GHRHR genes on chromosomes 17q23.3 and 7p14.3, respectively. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032567 biolink:NamedThing isolated growth hormone deficiency, type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032569 biolink:NamedThing isolated growth hormone deficiency, type 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008251 biolink:NamedThing familial pityriasis rubra pilaris A rare chronic papulosquamous disorder of unknown etiology characterized by small follicular papules, scaly red-orange patches, and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, which may progress to plaques or erythroderma. Although most of the cases are sporadic and acquired, a familial form of the disease exists. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100018 biolink:NamedThing adult onset pityriasis rubra pilaris A pityriasis rubra pilaris that occurs around the fifth or sixth decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100037 biolink:NamedThing juvenile onset pityriasis rubra pilaris A pityriasis rubra pilaris that has a juvenile onset. The peak incidence has a bimodal distribution, with the first peak at age six to seven yearss. The classical childhood-onset subtype of PRP usually develops in the late teenage years but may also be seen in the first few years of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008261 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sclerosing poikiloderma, Weary type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015856 biolink:NamedThing syndromic breast hypoplasia/aplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019840 biolink:NamedThing acropectororenal dysplasia Acro-pectoro-renal field defect is a very rare association of a Poland anomaly, that is characterized by unilateral absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis major muscle (most frequently involving the sternocostal head) and a variable degree of ipsilateral hand anomalies (including symbrachydactyly, brachydactyly, absent thumb and hypoplastic fingers), combined with a genito-urinary anomaly. Associated genito-urinary anomalies reported include renal hypoplasia or agenesis, duplex collecting system, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, hypospadias and undescended testicles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008263 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease 1 Any autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PKD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010916 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease 3 with or without polycystic liver disease Any autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GANAB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013131 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease 2 Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease caused by a mutation in PKD2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054842 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease 6 with or without polycystic liver disease Any polycystic kidney disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAJB11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700000 biolink:NamedThing ALG9-associated autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Any autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALG9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017044 biolink:NamedThing adult familial nephronophthisis-spastic quadriparesia syndrome This syndrome, associating familial adult medullary cystic disease with spastic quadriparesis has been described in two cases so far. Renal transplantation was successful in those two patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014860 biolink:NamedThing polycystic liver disease 2 Any polycystic kidney disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEC63 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044327 biolink:NamedThing polycystic liver disease 4 with or without kidney cysts An autosomal dominant disease characterized by adult-onset of liver cysts arising from the bile duct epithelium, caused by heterozygous mutation in the LRP5 gene. Some patients may develop a few kidney cysts, but these are often incidental and do not result in renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054743 biolink:NamedThing polycystic liver disease 3 with or without kidney cysts Any polycystic kidney disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALG8 gene, that presents with or without kidney cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0550003 biolink:NamedThing SEC61B-related polycystic liver disease Any autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SEC61B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008266 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019673 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly type A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009893 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011187 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011813 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012059 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014090 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017531 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly type A, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017532 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly type A, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029130 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060550 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type a7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012447 biolink:NamedThing synpolydactyly type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008270 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of a triphalangeal thumb A form of preaxial polydactyly of fingers, a limb malformation syndrome, that is characterized by the presence of a usually opposable triphalangeal thumb with or without additional duplication of one or more skeletal components of the thumb. The thumb appearance can differ widely in shape (wedge to rectangular) or it can be deviated in the radio-ulnar plane (clinodactyly). PPD2 is also associated with systemic syndromes, including Holt-Oram syndrome and Fanconi anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008274 biolink:NamedThing polyostotic fibrous dysplasia Fibrous dysplasia affecting more than one bone. When it is associated with café-au-lait skin pigmentation and endocrine disorders, it is known as McCune-Albright syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019665 biolink:NamedThing monostotic fibrous dysplasia Fibrous dysplasia of bone involving only one bone. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019190 biolink:NamedThing juvenile polyposis of infancy Juvenile polyposis of infancy (JPI) is the most severe form of juvenile gastrointestinal polyposis and is characterized by pancolonic hamartomatous polyposis from stomach to rectum, diagnosed in the first two years of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008289 biolink:NamedThing brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies Any porencephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL4A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013773 biolink:NamedThing porencephaly 2 Any porencephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL4A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100105 biolink:NamedThing brain small vessel disease 3 An autosomal recessive disorder resulting from fragility of cerebral vessels causing an increased risk of intracranial bleeding. The resultant phenotype is highly variable depending on timing and location of the intracranial bleed. Some patients may have onset in utero or early infancy, with subsequent global developmental delay, spasticity, and porencephaly on brain imaging. Other patients may have normal or mildly delayed development with sudden onset of intracranial hemorrhage causing acute neurologic deterioration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008290 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 1, Mibelli type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019141 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis of Mibelli Porokeratosis of Mibelli (PM) is a form of porokeratosis that is characterized by the presence of brown single or multiple annular plaques of varying size, that are sometimes confluent, with a distinctive sharply-defined keratotic border. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008293 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 3, disseminated superficial actinic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008291 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis plantaris palmaris et disseminata Porokeratosis plantaris palmaris et disseminata (PPPD) is a rare form of porokeratosis occurring mainly in adolescence and characterized by small pruritic or painful keratotic papules that first appear on the palms and soles, and may gradually become generalized. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019212 biolink:NamedThing disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is the most common form of porokeratosis characterized by the presence of several small annular plaques with a distinctive keratotic rim found most commonly on sun-exposed areas of the skin, particularly the extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023246 biolink:NamedThing linear porokeratosis Linear porokeratosis is a rare skin condition characterized by streaks of reddish-brown patches surrounded by a ridge-like border.The patches usually develop in infants or young children, but they sometimes develop in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016518 biolink:NamedThing isolated punctate palmoplantar keratoderma A punctate palmoplantar keratoderma that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008292 biolink:NamedThing punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 2 Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 2 is a type of isolated, punctate, hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by multiple, asymptomatic, 1 to 2 mm-long, firm, hyperkeratotic projections ("spiny keratosis") on the palms, soles and digits (typically confined to their volar and/or lateral aspects). Histopathologically, compact columnar parakeratosis over hypo- or agranular epidermis is observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014574 biolink:NamedThing peeling skin-leukonuchia-acral punctate keratoses-cheilitis-knuckle pads syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011900 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 4, disseminated superficial actinic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012857 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 5, disseminated superficial actinic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012874 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 6, disseminated superficial actinic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013868 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 7, multiple types DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014479 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 8, disseminated superficial actinic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014713 biolink:NamedThing porokeratosis 9, multiple types Any porokeratosis (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FDPS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008296 biolink:NamedThing familial porphyria cutanea tarda An instance of porphyria cutanea tarda that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019799 biolink:NamedThing hepatoerythropoietic porphyria A very rare form of chronic hepatic porphyria characterized by bullous photodermatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008302 biolink:NamedThing centra precocious puberty 1 Any central precocious puberty in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KISS1R gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014137 biolink:NamedThing precocious puberty, central, 2 Any central precocious puberty in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MKRN3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015714 biolink:NamedThing secondary central precocious puberty DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008303 biolink:NamedThing familial male-limited precocious puberty Familial male limited precocious puberty (FMPP) is a gonadotropin-independent familial form of male-limited precocious puberty, generally presenting between 2-5 years of age as accelerated growth, early development of secondary sexual characteristics and reduced adult height. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015791 biolink:NamedThing peripheral precocious puberty Precocious puberty caused by sex hormones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008316 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia due to protein C deficiency, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012860 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia due to protein C deficiency, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008319 biolink:NamedThing protoporphyria, erythropoietic, 1 Erythropoietic protoporphyria caused by a compound heterozygous or homozygous mutation in the gene encoding ferrochelatase (FECH) on chromosome 18q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019263 biolink:NamedThing autosomal erythropoietic protoporphyria Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is an inherited disorder of the heme metabolic pathway characterized by accumulation of protoporphyrin in blood, erythrocytes and tissues, and cutaneous manifestations of photosensitivity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060729 biolink:NamedThing protoporphyria, erythropoietic, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008329 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 Renal pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (renal PHA1) is a mild form of primary mineralocorticoid resistance restricted to the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019161 biolink:NamedThing pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA1) is a primary form of mineralocorticoid resistance presenting in the newborn with renal salt wasting, failure to thrive and dehydration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009917 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 Generalized pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (generalized PHA1) is a severe form of primary mineralocorticoid resistance with systemic involvement and salt loss in multiple organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008668 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease 1 Type 1 von Willebrand disease (type 1 VWD) is a form of VWD characterized by a bleeding disorder associated with a partial quantitative plasmatic deficiency of an otherwise structurally and functionally normal Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010191 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease 3 Type 3 von Willebrand disease (type 3 VWD) is the most severe form of VWD characterized by a bleeding disorder associated with a total or near-total absence of Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF) in the plasma and cellular compartments, also leading to a profound deficiency of plasmatic factor VIII (FVIII). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010756 biolink:NamedThing Von Willebrand disease, X-linked form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013304 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease 2 Type 2 von Willebrand disease (type 2 VWD) is a form of VWD characterized by a bleeding disorder associated with a qualitative deficiency and functional anomalies of the Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008333 biolink:NamedThing pseudoxanthoma elasticum, forme fruste An autosomal dominant form of PXE. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100091 biolink:NamedThing inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum An inheritable form of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), that causes calcium and other minerals to accumulate in the elastic fibers of the skin, eyes, and blood vessels, and less frequently in other areas such as the digestive tract. PXE may cause the following symptoms: growth of yellowish bumps on the skin of the neck, under the arms, or in the groin area; reduced vision; periodic weakness in the legs (claudication); or bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the stomach. A clinical diagnosis of PXE can be made when an individual is found to have both the characteristic eye findings and yellow bumps on the skin. ABCC6 is the only gene known to be associated with this condition. Currently, there is no treatment for this condition, but affected individuals may benefit from routine visits to an eye doctor who specializes in retinal disorders, and by having regular physical examinationswith their primary physician. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008334 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 1, susceptibility to Any psoriasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HLA-C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011084 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 3, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011387 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 4, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011434 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 5, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011542 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 6, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011573 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 7, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011926 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 9, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012542 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 8, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012896 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 10, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012959 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 11, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013057 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 12, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013554 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 13, susceptibility to Any psoriasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRAF3IP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014494 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis 15, pustular, susceptibility to Any generalized pustular psoriasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP1S3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020746 biolink:NamedThing contractures, pterygia, and variable skeletal fusions syndrome 1B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010280 biolink:NamedThing ptosis, hereditary congenital 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043125 biolink:NamedThing mcpherson robertson cammarano syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015239 biolink:NamedThing abnormal origin of the pulmonary artery DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016077 biolink:NamedThing congenital aortopulmonary window DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018090 biolink:NamedThing double outlet left ventricle Double-outlet left ventricle (DOLV) is an extremely rare congenital cardiac malformation in which both the aorta and the pulmonary artery arise, either exclusively or predominantly, from the morphologic left ventricle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020064 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary valve agenesis Pulmonary valve agenesis is a rare congenital heart malformation characterized by a total or partial absence of the pulmonary valve leaflets associated with stenosis of the pulmonary artery orifice and aneurysmal dilatation of the pulmonary arteries. It usually occurs in association with additional cardiovascular malformations such as teralogy of fallot or ventricular septal defect, or can occur as part of a syndrome (e.g. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome). Clinical features depend on the presence of associated cardiac malformations and include pulmonary insufficiency, bronchial obstruction (secondary to compression by aneurysmally dilated pulmonary arteries), pulmonary stenosis, cyanosis, and cardiac failure.3424 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017031 biolink:NamedThing primary interstitial lung disease in childhood and adulthood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016323 biolink:NamedThing chronic respiratory distress with surfactant metabolism deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018603 biolink:NamedThing interstitial lung disease due to SP-C deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015924 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary arterial hypertension Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a group of diseases characterized by mean pulmonary artery pressure >20 mmHg and elevated pulmonary arterial resistance leading to right heart failure. PAH is progressive and potentially fatal. PAH may be idiopathic and/ or familial, have overt features of venous/capillary involvement (pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, PVOD/pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis, PCH), induced by drug or toxin (drug-or toxin-induced PAH), or associated with other diseases like congenital heart disease, connective tissue disease, HIV, schistosomiasis, portal hypertension (PAH associated with other disease). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017149 biolink:NamedThing drug- or toxin-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension Drug- or toxin-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) secondary to the exposition to drugs. Drug- or toxin-induced PAH is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial resistance leading to right heart failure. Drug or toxin induced PAH is progressive and potentially fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008355 biolink:NamedThing pyloric stenosis, infantile hypertrophic, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010411 biolink:NamedThing pyloric stenosis, infantile hypertrophic, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012457 biolink:NamedThing pyloric stenosis, infantile hypertrophic, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012785 biolink:NamedThing pyloric stenosis, infantile hypertrophic, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012922 biolink:NamedThing pyloric stenosis, infantile hypertrophic, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015827 biolink:NamedThing distal renal tubular acidosis Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is a disorder of impaired net acid secretion by the distal tubule characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The classic form is often associated with hypokalemia whereas other forms of acquired dRTA may be associated with hypokalemia, hyperkalemia or normokalemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009967 biolink:NamedThing renal tubular acidosis 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043075 biolink:NamedThing neuroaxonal dystrophy renal tubular acidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100161 biolink:NamedThing hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) that is caused by a generalized transport abnormality of the distal tubule. The transport of electrolytes such as sodium, chloride, and potassium that normally occurs in the distal tubule is impaired. This form is distinguished from classical distal RTA and proximal RTA because it results in high levels of potassium in the blood instead of low levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017828 biolink:NamedThing primary renal tubular acidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009818 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive osteopetrosis 3 Osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis is a rare disorder characterized by osteopetrosis, renal tubular acidosis (RTA), and neurological disorders related to cerebral calcifications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017924 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system calcification-deafness-tubular acidosis-anemia syndrome This syndrome is characterised by progressive calcification of the brain and spinal cord, growth retardation, psychomotor anomalies, deafness and anaemia. Renal tubular acidosis was found in one patient. To date, this syndrome has been described in only two patients from one family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017747 biolink:NamedThing disorder of fucoglycosan synthesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008372 biolink:NamedThing retinal aplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008764 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 1 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCY2D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008765 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 2 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPE65 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011415 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 3 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPATA7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011473 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 5 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LCA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012056 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 9 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NMNAT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012525 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 12 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RD3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012723 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 10 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEP290 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012990 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 13 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RDH12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013231 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 14 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRAT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013446 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 6 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPGRIP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013449 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 7 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013453 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 8 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013454 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 11 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IMPDH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013457 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 15 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TULP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013613 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 16 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014145 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis 17 Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032794 biolink:NamedThing leber congenital amaurosis 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060650 biolink:NamedThing Leber congenital amaurosis with early-onset deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008374 biolink:NamedThing retinal cone dystrophy type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010567 biolink:NamedThing cone dystrophy, X-linked, with tapetal-like sheen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012475 biolink:NamedThing cone dystrophy with supernormal rod response Cone dystrophy with supernormal rod response (CDSRR) is an inherited retinopathy, with an onset in the first or second decade of life, characterized by poor visual acuity (due to central scotoma), photophobia, severe dyschromatopsia, and occasionally, nystagmus. Night blindness usually develops later in the course of the disease, but it can also be apparent from childhood. A hallmark of CDSRR is the decreased and delayed dark-adapted response to dim flashes in electroretinographic recordings, which contrasts with the supernormal b-wave response at the highest levels of stimulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013129 biolink:NamedThing cone dystrophy 4 Any cone dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE6C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800196 biolink:NamedThing achromatopsia 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008384 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid nodulosis A particular variant of polyarthritis associated with early manifestations of palindromic rheumatism, radiologic subchondral bone cysts, and subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024281 biolink:NamedThing juvenile chronic polyarthritis A group of conditions used to describe polyarthritis occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008386 biolink:NamedThing Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 1 A rare autosomal dominant syndrome linked to mutations in the PITX2 gene. It is characterized by abnormalities in the anterior chamber of the eye and underdevelopment of the teeth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011097 biolink:NamedThing Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 2 An Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome that has material basis in deletions in the region 13q14. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011233 biolink:NamedThing Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 3 Any Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FOXC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032800 biolink:NamedThing robinow syndrome, autosomal recessive 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016187 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of desmin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018098 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1E (DES) Autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1E (LGMD1E) is a subtype of autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by an adult onset of progressive cardiac conduction defects that begin with cardiac dysrhythmia. Congestive heart failure and symptoms of progressive muscle weakness (present in a proximal distribution) tend to occur later. Affected patients may present only the cardiac features of the disease. Additional features include exertional dyspnea, calf hypertrophy, elevated creatine kinase serum levels and muscle cytoplasmic inclusions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010400 biolink:NamedThing X-linked scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy X-linked scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy (X-linked SPMD) is a skeletal muscle disease characterized by late onset, co-occurrence of scapular and peroneal muscle weakness, and scapular winging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008417 biolink:NamedThing sclerocornea, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019629 biolink:NamedThing sclerocornea A corneal disease in which the cornea blends with sclera, resulting in clouding of the cornea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014306 biolink:NamedThing vasculitis due to ADA2 deficiency Vasculitis due to ADA2 deficiency is a rare, genetic, systemic and rheumatologic disease due to adenosine deaminase-2 inactivating mutations, combining variable features of autoinflammation, vasculitis, and a mild immunodeficiency. Variable clinical presentation includes chronic or recurrent systemic inflammation with fever, livedo reticularis or racemosa, early-onset ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes, peripheral neuropathy, abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly, portal hypertension, cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, variable cytopenia and immunoglobulin deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014405 biolink:NamedThing STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) is a rare, genetic autoinflammatory disorder, type I interferonopathy due to constitutive STING (STimulator of INterferon Genes) activation, characterized by neonatal or infantile onset systemic inflammation and small vessel vasculopathy resulting in severe skin, pulmonary and joint lesions. Patients present with intermittent low-grade fever, recurrent cough and failure to thrive, in association with progressive interstitial lung disease, polyarthritis and violaceous scaling lesions on fingers, toes, nose, cheeks, and ears (which are exacerbated by cold exposure) that often progress to chronic acral ulceration, necrosis and autoamputation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016866 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016867 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016868 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016869 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016870 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016871 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016872 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016873 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016875 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016876 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016878 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016879 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016881 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016882 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016911 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the allelic loss of all or part of the long arm of chromosome 13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016912 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 14 Chromosome 14q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing (deleted) copy of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 14. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016913 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016919 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017277 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of chromosome 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022760 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 22q deletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008437 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 3A Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017914 biolink:NamedThing pure or complex autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008438 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 4 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4) is a form of hereditary spastic paraplegia with high intrafamilial clinical variability, characterized in most cases as a pure phenotype with an adult onset (mainly the 3rd to 5th decade of life, but that can present at any age) of progressive gait impairment due to bilateral lower-limb spasticity and weakness as well as very mild proximal weakness and urinary urgency. In some cases, a complex phenotype is also reported with additional manifestations including cognitive impairment, cerebellar ataxia, epilepsy and neuropathy. A faster disease progression is noted in patients with a later age of onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010878 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 6 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 6 (SPG6) is a form of hereditary spastic paraplegia which usually presents in late adolescence or early adulthood as a pure phenotype of lower limb spasticity with hyperreflexia and extensor plantar responses, as well as mild bladder disturbances and pes cavus. Rarely, it can present as a complex phenotype with additional manifestations including epilepsy, variable peripheral neuropathy and/or memory impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011408 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 10 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 10 (SPG10) is a rare type of hereditary spastic paraplegia that can present as either a pure form of spastic paraplegia with lower limb spasticity, hyperreflexia and extensor plantar responses, presenting in childhood or adolescence, or as a complex phenotype associated with additional manifestations including peripheral neuropathy with upper limb amyotrophy, moderate intellectual disability and parkinsonism. Deafness and retinitis pigmentosa were reported in one case. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011532 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 13 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HSPD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012453 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 31 A rare type of hereditary spastic paraplegia usually characterized by a pure phenotype of proximal weakness of the lower extremities with spastic gait and brisk reflexes, with a bimodal age of onset of either childhood or adulthood (>30 years). In some cases, it can present as a complex phenotype with additional associated manifestations including peripheral neuropathy, bulbar palsy (with dysarthria and dysphagia), distal amyotrophy, and impaired distal vibration sense. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012476 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 30 Autosomal spastic paraplegia type 30 (SPG30) is a form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by either a pure spastic paraplegia phenotype, usually presenting in the first or second decade of life, with spastic lower extremities, usteady spastic gait, hyperreflexia and extensor plantar responses, or as a complicated phenotype with the additional manifestations of distal wasting, saccadic ocular movements, mild cerebellar ataxia and mild, distal, axonal neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008439 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-epilepsy-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008440 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-nephritis-deafness syndrome This syndrome is characterised by variable spastic paraplegia, bilateral sensorineural deafness, intellectual deficit and progressive nephropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008442 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-neuropathy-poikiloderma syndrome Spastic paraplegia-neuropathy-poikiloderma syndrome is a complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by spastic paraplegia, demyelinating peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, poikiloderma (manifesting with loss of eyebrows and eyelashes in childhood in addition to delicate, smooth, and wasted skin) and distal amyotrophy (presenting after puberty). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008443 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-precocious puberty syndrome Spastic paraplegia-precocious puberty syndrome is characterized by precocious puberty (due to Leydig cell hyperplasia), progressive spastic paraplegia and intellectual deficit. It has been described in two brothers. The fact that other family members displayed brisk reflexes and dysarthria suggested autosomal dominant inheritance with variable expression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010043 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 17 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BSCL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012334 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 29 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 29 (SPG29) is a complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a spastic paraplegia presenting in adolescence, associated with the additional manifestations of sensorial hearing impairment due to auditory neuropathy and persistent vomiting due to a hiatal or paraesophageal hernia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012867 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 38 A hereditary spastic paraplegia that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 4p16-p15. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013132 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 36 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 36 (SPG36) is a complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia, characterized by an onset in childhood or adulthood of progressive spastic paraplegia (with spastic gait, spasticity, lower limb weakness, pes cavus and urinary urgency) associated with the additional manifestation of peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015091 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 9 Any autosomal dominant complex spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALDH18A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017275 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-facial-cutaneous lesions syndrome Spastic paraplegia-facial-cutaneous lesions syndrome is a complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by delays in motor development followed by a slowly progressive spastic paraplegia (affecting mainly lower extremities) associated with a desquamating facial rash with butterfly distribution (presenting at around two months of age) and dysarthria. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018005 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-Paget disease of bone syndrome Spastic paraplegia-Paget disease of bone syndrome is an extremely rare, complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a slowly progressive spastic paraplegia (with increased muscle tone, decreased strength in the anterior tibial muscles and hyperreflexia in the lower extremities with Babinski sign) presenting in adulthood, associated with Paget disease of the bone. Cognitive decline, dementia and myopathic changes at muscle biopsy have not been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008448 biolink:NamedThing spheroid body myopathy Spheroid body myopathy is a rare form of myofibrillar myopathy characterized by predominantly proximal muscle weakness (that could be either non- or slowly progressive), associated with spheroid body inclusions (composed of myofilamentous material within individual muscle fibers) in skeletal muscle biopsy. Presentation is varied and may range from asymptomatic to severe muscle weakness that manifests with absent Achilles reflexes, gait abnormality and/or other motor incapacitations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012296 biolink:NamedThing lipomyelomeningocele Lipomyelomeningocele is a rare neural tube closure defect characterized by a subcutaneous lipoma that extends through a defect in the lumbodorsal fascia, vertebral neural arch, and dura. This painless lesion can occur anywhere along the spinal canal but usually is found in the sacral or lumbar region. If left untreated it can cause tethered cord syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017084 biolink:NamedThing leptomyelolipoma Leptomyelolipoma is a rare neural tube closure defect characterized by an abnormally low lying conus which is tethered by a lumbosacral lipomatous mass (containing fatty tissue, nerve fibers, meningeal strands and fibrous bands) which engulfs the filum terminale and varying numbers of dorsal and ventral nerve root components, typically producing sensory, motor, bowel and/or bladder dysfunction. Cutaneous stigmata, absent or reduced reflexes and foot defomities (e.g. talipes cavovalgus) are frequently present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018968 biolink:NamedThing iniencephaly Iniencephaly is a rare form of neural tube defect in which a malformation of the cervico-occipital junction is associated with a malformation of the central nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008450 biolink:NamedThing spinal arachnoiditis A chronic adhesive arachnoiditis in the spinal arachnoid, with root and spinal cord symptoms similar to those caused by pressure from a tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010839 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant congenital benign spinal muscular atrophy Autosomal dominant congenital benign spinal muscular atrophy is a rare distal hereditary motor neuropathy, with a variable clinical phenotype, typically characterized by congenital, non-progressive, predominantly distal, lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy and congenital (or early-onset) flexion contractures of the hip, knee and ankle joints. Reduced or absent lower limb deep tendon reflexes, skeletal anomalies (bilateral talipes equinovarus, scoliosis, kyphoscoliosis, lumbar hyperlordisis), late ambulation, waddling gait, joint hyperlaxity and/or bladder and bowel dysfuntion are usually also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013711 biolink:NamedThing peripheral neuropathy-myopathy-hoarseness-hearing loss syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015353 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 5A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008453 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset proximal spinal muscular atrophy, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014025 biolink:NamedThing lower motor neuron syndrome with late-adult onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008454 biolink:NamedThing spinal intradural arachnoid cysts Spinal intradural arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid -filled sacs that are located between the spinal cord and the arachnoid membrane (one of the three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord). The signs and symptoms of the condition vary based on the size and location of the cysts. Some affected people may have no suspicious symptoms while others experience progressive back and leg pain; tingling or numbness in the hands or feet; weakness of the legs; and involuntary muscle spasms (spasticity) that result in slow, stiff movements of the legs. When present, symptoms usually occur when the cysts compress the spinal cord or other nearby nerves. Spinal intradural arachnoid cysts are often present at birth and arecaused by developmental abnormalities in the spinal cord that occur during the pregnancy. They can also result from a previous infection or injury and develop later in life. Although there is disagreement in the medical community regarding when to treat spinal intradural arachnoid cysts, the need for treatment generally depends on the size and location of the cyst and whether or not it is causing symptoms. When indicated, the cysts are typically treated with surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008813 biolink:NamedThing arachnoid cyst Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to arachnoidal cistern and may present with hydrocephalus; headache; seizures; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100129 biolink:NamedThing intracranial arachoid cyst A cystic malformation that is characterized by extraparenchymal, nonneoplastic accumulations of fluid with density similar to that of cerebrospinal fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010736 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation 2 A split-hand/foot malformation that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region Xq26. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011709 biolink:NamedThing split hand-foot malformation 5 Split-hand/foot malformation mapped to chromosome 2q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008469 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia-hypotrichosis syndrome A rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by congenital hypotrichosis associated with rhizomelic short stature (more pronounced in upper limbs than lower limbs), limited hip abduction and mild genu varum. Flared and irregular metaphyses, delayed and irregular epiphiseal ossification and pear-shaped vertebral bodies are characteristic radiologic findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010068 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, sponastrime type A rare genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, spinal abnormalities, saddle nose, and metaphysical striation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010076 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Irapa type A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia is characterized by disproportionate short-trunked short stature, pectus carinatum, short arms, short and broad hands, short metatarsals, flat and broad feet, coxa vara, genu valgum, osteoarthritis, arthrosis and moderate-to-serious gait impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010077 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia-short limb-abnormal calcification syndrome A rare, genetic primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by disproportionate short stature with shortening of upper and lower limbs, short and broad fingers with short hands, narrowed chest with rib abnormalities and pectus excavatum, abnormal chondral calcifications (incl. larynx, trachea and costal cartilages) and facial dysmorphism (frontal bossing, hypertelorism, prominent eyes, short flat nose, wide nostrils, high-arched palate, long philtrum). Platyspondyly (esp. of cervical spine) and abnormal epiphyses and metaphyses are observed on radiography. Atlantoaxial instability causing spinal compression and recurrent respiratory disease are potential complications that may result lethal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010275 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Bieganski type A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by the association of hypomyelinating leukodystrophy with spondylometaphyseal dysplasia. Patients present in infancy with absent or delayed ability to walk independently, slowly progressive motor deterioration, spasticity, ataxia, proximal weakness, and joint contractures. Additional manifestations include mild cognitive impairment, short stature, scoliosis, enlarged and deformed joints, dysarthria, nystagmus, visual defects, and mildly dysmorphic features, among others. Mode of inheritance is X-linked recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011124 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia-abnormal dentition syndrome A rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by the association of dental anomalies (oligodontia with pointed incisors) and generalized platyspondyly with epiphyseal and metaphyseal involvement. Thin tapering fingers and accentuated palmar creases are additional features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011252 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Shohat type A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by severely disproportionate short stature, short limbs, small chest, short neck, thin lips, severe lumbar lordosis, marked genu varum, joint laxity, distended abdomen, mild hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012108 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, matrilin-3 type A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by disproportionate early-onset dwarfism, bowing of the lower limbs, short, wide and stocky long bones with severe epiphyseal and metaphyseal changes, lumbar lordosis, hypoplastic iliac bones, flat ovoid vertebral bodies and normal hands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012495 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Genevieve type A rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by severe developmental delay and skeletal dysplasia (including short stature, premature carpal ossification, platyspondyly, longitudinal metaphyseal striations, and small epiphyses), as well as moderate to severe intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism, including prominent forehead, mild synophrys, depressed nasal bridge, prominent bulbous nasal tip and full lips. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013014 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, aggrecan type A spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by severe short stature, facial dysmorphism and characteristic radiographic findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013233 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Handigodu type A rare, genetic, primary bone dysplasia characterized by three distinct phenotypes, namely: 1) patients of average height with painful, osteoarthritic changes of the hip joints and no spinal abnormalities, 2) short-statured patients with predominantly truncal shortening, arm span exceeding height, dyspalstic changes of hips and varying degrees of platyspondyly, and 3) patients with dwarfism, various associated skeletal abnormalities (particularly of the knees and hands) and severe epiphyseal dysplasia (of hips, knees, hands, wrists) associated with significant platyspondyly. Most patients cannot walk long distances, and many have decreased joint spaces and sclerotic and cystic changes on imaging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018254 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Isidor type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019675 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity A form of skeletal dysplasia characterized by severe dwarfism, generalized articular hypermobility, and progressive spinal malalignment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032571 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Krakow type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060702 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, di rocco type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010073 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, Kohn type Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, Kohn type is characterized by short trunk dwarfism, progressive involvement of the spine and epiphyses and mild-to-moderate intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010737 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, X-linked X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda is an inherited skeletal disorder that affects males only. Physical characteristics include moderate short-stature (dwarfism); moderate to severe spinal deformities; barrel-chest; disproportionately short trunk and neck;disproportionatelylong arms,and premature osteoarthritis, especially in the hip joints. Final male adult height ranges from 4 feet 10 inches to 5 feet 6 inches. Other skeletal features of this condition include decreased mobility of the elbow and hip joints, arthritis, and abnormalities of the hip joint which causes the upper leg bones to turn inward. This condition is caused by mutations in the TRAPPC2 gene and is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010815 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda with characteristic facies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012219 biolink:NamedThing spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, autosomal recessive, Leroy-Spranger type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008483 biolink:NamedThing stuttering, familial persistent, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012232 biolink:NamedThing stuttering, familial persistent, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013841 biolink:NamedThing stuttering, familial persistent, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013844 biolink:NamedThing stuttering, familial persistent, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016953 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 2 Chromosome 2q duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 2. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 2q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013363 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 2q31.1 duplication syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017786 biolink:NamedThing 2q23.1 microduplication syndrome 2q23.1 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 2, primarily characterized by global developmental delay, hypotonia, autistic-like features and behavioural problems. Craniofacial dysmorphism (arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, bilateral ptosis, prominent nose, wide mouth, micro/retrognathia) and an affable personality are also commonly associated. Minor digital anomalies (fifth finger clinodactyly and large, broad first toe) have occasionally been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019877 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 2q Distal trisomy 2q is a rare chromosomal anomaly, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 2, characterized by moderate psychomotor delay, mild intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism (high hairline, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, large, low-set and/or posteriorly rotated ears, depressed/broad nasal bridge, prominent nasal tip, thin upper lip vermillion), clino-/camptodactyly and normal or increased body measurements. On occasion genital anomalies (hypospadias, cryptorchidism, shawl scrotum) and short stature may be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008519 biolink:NamedThing multiple synostoses syndrome 1 Any multiple synostoses syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NOG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012394 biolink:NamedThing multiple synostoses syndrome 2 Any multiple synostoses syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013064 biolink:NamedThing multiple synostoses syndrome 3 Any multiple synostoses syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGF9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054752 biolink:NamedThing multiple synostoses syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014758 biolink:NamedThing radioulnar synostosis with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia 2 Any radio-ulnar synostosis-amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MECOM gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024558 biolink:NamedThing radioulnar synostosis with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia 1 Any radio-ulnar synostosis-amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HOXA11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008525 biolink:NamedThing syringomyelia, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020508 biolink:NamedThing primary syringomyelia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008535 biolink:NamedThing telangiectasia, hereditary hemorrhagic, type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010880 biolink:NamedThing telangiectasia, hereditary hemorrhagic, type 2 Any hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACVRL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010996 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012532 biolink:NamedThing hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014217 biolink:NamedThing telangiectasia, hereditary hemorrhagic, type 5 Any hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020164 biolink:NamedThing epicanthal fold DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016425 biolink:NamedThing Hughes-Stovin syndrome Hughes-Stovin syndrome (HSS) is a life-threatening disorder, believed to be a cardiovascular clinical variant manifestation of BehC'et's disease (BD). It is characterized by the association of multiple pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs) and peripheral venous thrombosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016848 biolink:NamedThing juvenile temporal arteritis Juvenile temporal arteritis is a rare form of vasculitis, a group of conditions that cause inflammation of the blood vessels. Unlike the classic form of temporal arteritis, this condition is generally diagnosed in late childhood or early adulthood and only affects the temporal arteries (located at the lower sides of the skull, directly underneath the temple). Affected people often have no signs or symptoms aside from a painless nodule or lump in the temporal region. The exact underlying cause of the condition is unknown. It generally occurs sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. Juvenile temporal arteritis is often treated with surgical excision and rarely recurs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008545 biolink:NamedThing thalassemia, beta+, silent allele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019402 biolink:NamedThing beta thalassemia Beta-thalassemia (BT) is characterized by deficiency (Beta+) or absence (Beta0) of synthesis of the beta globin chains of hemoglobin (Hb). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011381 biolink:NamedThing dominant beta-thalassemia Dominant beta-thalassemia is a form of beta-thalassemia resulting in moderate to severe anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013517 biolink:NamedThing beta-thalassemia HBB/LCRB Abnormal clinical manifestations of beta thalassemia that are as a result of the underlying genotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010114 biolink:NamedThing thanatophoric dysplasia, Glasgow variant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800356 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 7/20 with polydactyly, digenic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011173 biolink:NamedThing thrombocythemia 2 Familial thrombocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MPL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013794 biolink:NamedThing thrombocythemia 3 Familial thrombocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the JAK2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008555 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia 2 An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation(s) in the ANKRD26 gene, encoding ANKRD26 protein. Additionally, in one family, a mutation(s) has been identified in the MASTL gene, encoding serine/threonine-protein kinase greatwall. The condition is characterized by mild to moderate bruisability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015679 biolink:NamedThing autosomal thrombocytopenia with normal platelets DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010120 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012775 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia 4 Any thrombocytopenia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CYCS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008556 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia, cyclic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010308 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia, X-linked, with or without dyserythropoietic anemia An X-linked condition caused by mutation(s) in the GATA1 gene, encoding erythroid transcription factor. It is characterized by thrombocytopenia, as well as abnormal platelet function and morphology. Dyserythropoietic anemia of variable severity may also be present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014536 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia 5 Any thrombocytopenia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ETV6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018796 biolink:NamedThing isolated constitutional thrombocytopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030867 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031447 biolink:NamedThing macrothrombocytopenia, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008558 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura An autoimmune disorder in which the number of circulating platelets is reduced due to their antibody-mediated destruction. ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion and is heterogeneous in origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009451 biolink:NamedThing Nezelof syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011312 biolink:NamedThing thyroid carcinoma, nonmedullary, with or without cell oxyphilia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011368 biolink:NamedThing papillary thyroid Microcarcinoma A papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland measuring 10mm or less in diameter. The survival rates of patients with this type of carcinoma are the same with those of the normal population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011653 biolink:NamedThing thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019854 biolink:NamedThing thyroid ectopia Thyroid ectopia is a form of thyroid dysgenesis characterized by an ectopic location of the thyroid gland that results in primary congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid deficiency that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019855 biolink:NamedThing athyreosis Athyreosis is a form of thyroid dysgenesis characterized by complete absence of thyroid tissue that results in primary congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid deficiency that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019860 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hemiagenesis Thyroid hemiagenesis is a form of thyroid dysgenesis characterized by an absence of half of the thyroid gland that is usually asymptomatic but may result in primary congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid deficiency that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019861 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hypoplasia Thyroid hypoplasia is a form of thyroid dysgenesis characterized by incomplete development of the thyroid gland that results in primary congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid deficiency that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008571 biolink:NamedThing Blount disease, infantile DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009800 biolink:NamedThing Blount disease, adolescent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008586 biolink:NamedThing esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula Oesophageal atresia (OA) encompasses a group of congenital anomalies with an interruption in the continuity of the oesophagus, with or without persistent communication with the trachea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015207 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic esophageal malformation A esophageal malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019619 biolink:NamedThing duplication of the esophagus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019620 biolink:NamedThing congenital esophageal diverticulum Congenital esophageal diverticulum is a rare, non-syndromic malformation of the esophagus, present at birth, and characterized by a false diverticulum, most often located in the upper, posterior esophagus. Many patients are asymptomatic, but respiratory distress, food regurgitation, dysphagia, chest pain, aspiration pneumonia and discomfort are typical presenting manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008590 biolink:NamedThing tremor, hereditary essential, 1 Any essential tremor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DRD3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011201 biolink:NamedThing tremor, hereditary essential, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012671 biolink:NamedThing tremor, hereditary essential, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013888 biolink:NamedThing tremor, hereditary essential, 4 Any essential tremor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FUS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014756 biolink:NamedThing tremor, hereditary essential, 5 Any essential tremor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TENM4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030027 biolink:NamedThing tremor, hereditary essential, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008596 biolink:NamedThing trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I An autosomal dominant malformation syndrome caused by mutations in TRPS1 characterized by distinctive craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. TRPS I patients have sparse scalp hair, bulbous tip of the nose, long flat philtrum, thin upper vermilion border, and protruding ears. Skeletal abnormalities include cone-shaped epiphyses at the phalanges, hip malformations, and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008597 biolink:NamedThing trichorhinophalangeal syndrome, type III A trichorhinophalangeal syndrome caused by mutations in TRPS1 characterized by the presence of severe brachydactyly, due to short metacarpals, and severe short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008601 biolink:NamedThing triglyceride storage disease, type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008602 biolink:NamedThing triglyceride storage disease, type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008603 biolink:NamedThing trigonocephaly 1 Any isolated trigonocephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGFR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013774 biolink:NamedThing trigonocephaly 2 Any isolated trigonocephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FREM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008608 biolink:NamedThing Down syndrome Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality caused by the presence of a third (partial or total) copy of the chromosome 21 genetic material and that is characterized by variable intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia, and joint laxity, often associated with a characteristic facial dysmorphism and various anomalies such as cardiac, gastrointestinal, or endocrine defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700124 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 21 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 21 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015437 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 21 Ring chromosome 21 syndrome is an autosomal anomaly characterized by variable clinical features, most commonly including growth retardation, developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, microcephaly, short stature, dysmorphic features, hypogammaglobulinemia, thrombocytopenia and unspecific skeletal anomalies (hemivertebrae, clinodactyly, syndactyly). In rare cases, it has been described in phenotypically normal individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018930 biolink:NamedThing monosomy 21 Monosomy 21 is a chromosomal anomaly characterized by the loss of variable portions of a segment of the long arm of chromosome 21 that leads to an increased risk of birth defects, developmental delay and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019864 biolink:NamedThing tetrasomy 21 Tetrasomy 21 is an extremely rare autosomal anomaly resulting from the presence of 4 copies of chromosome 21, characterized by features of trisomy 21 including developmental delay/intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia, short neck with redundant skin, brachycephaly, microcephaly, flat face, epicanthus, upslanted palpebral fissures, small ears, protruding tongue, single transverse palmar crease, brachydactyly, hypoplastic iliac wings, together with additional features such as prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, high and broad forehead, hypertelorism. Haematological malignancies are also associated and may occur earlier than in trisomy 21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019918 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019925 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 21 Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 21 is an uniparental disomy of paternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only father is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008612 biolink:NamedThing tuberous sclerosis 1 Tuberous sclerosis mapped to chromosome 9q34 (TSC1 gene). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013199 biolink:NamedThing tuberous sclerosis 2 Tuberous sclerosis mapped to chromosome 16p13.3 (TSC2 gene). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011776 biolink:NamedThing CINCA syndrome Chronic Infantile Neurological, Cutaneous, and Articular (CINCA) syndrome is characterised by skin rash, joint involvement, chronic meningitis with granulocytes and, in some cases, sensorineural hearing loss and ocular signs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012726 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant familial hematuria-retinal arteriolar tortuosity-contractures syndrome Autosomal dominant familial hematuria-retinal arteriolar tortuosity-contractures syndrome is characterised by the association of hematuria (without proteinuria) with extrarenal manifestations: retinal arterial tortuosities responsible for retinal haemorrhages, cardiac arrhythmia, Raynaud phenomena and congenital muscular contractures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008652 biolink:NamedThing congenital vertical talus Isolated congenital vertical talus (CVT) is a rare pedal deformity recognizable at birth by a dislocation of the talonavicular joint, resulting in a characteristic radiographic near-vertical orientation of the talus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008653 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010755 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012573 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 2 Any vesicoureteral reflux in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ROBO2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013356 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 3 Any vesicoureteral reflux in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOX17 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013682 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013683 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013684 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014161 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014422 biolink:NamedThing vesicoureteral reflux 8 Any vesicoureteral reflux in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNXB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008659 biolink:NamedThing transcobalamin I deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019220 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of cobalamin metabolism and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009852 biolink:NamedThing hereditary intrinsic factor deficiency Congenital intrinsic factor deficiency (IFD) is a rare disorder of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) absorption that is characterized by megaloblastic anemia and neurological abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010149 biolink:NamedThing transcobalamin II deficiency Transcobalamin deficiency (TC) is a disorder of cobalamin transport that usually presents during the first few months of life and is characterized by megaloblastic anemia, failure to thrive, vomiting, weakness and pancytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013341 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonic acidemia due to transcobalamin receptor defect Methylmalonic aciduria due to transcobalamin receptor defect is a rare metabolite absorption and transport disorder characterized by a moderate increase of methylmalonic acid (MMA) in the blood and urine due to decreased cellular uptake of cobalamin resulting from decreased transcobalamin receptor function. Patients are usually asymptomatic however, screening reveals increased C3-acylcarnitine and MMA in plasma. Serum homocysteine levels may vary from normal to moderately elevated and retinal vascular occlusive disease, resulting in severe visual loss, has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100463 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonic aciduria and/or homocystinuria, cblD type An autosomal recessive inborn disorder of cobalamin metabolism caused by biallelic variants in MMADHC. Depending on the type and location of variants in MMADHC, patients may present with methylmalonic aciduria, homocystinuria, or both. MMADHC has been reported to result in the cblD complementation group of cobalamin disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020720 biolink:NamedThing X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008671 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 2A Waardenburg syndrome Type 2 caused by mutations in the MITF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010841 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 2B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011697 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 2C A Waardenburg's syndrome characterized by pigmentary abnormalities of the hair, skin, and eyes, congenital sensorineural hearing loss, and absence of lateral displacement of the inner canthus of each eye that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 8p23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012144 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 2D Any Waardenburg syndrome type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SNAI2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012698 biolink:NamedThing Waardenburg syndrome type 2E Any Waardenburg syndrome type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOX10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008672 biolink:NamedThing Watson syndrome Watson syndrome is believed to be a variant of neurofibromatosis type 1. The symptoms of this condition are pulmonary valvular stenosis, cafe-au-lait spots and short stature. IQTest scores for individuals with Watson syndromecan rangebetween 60-100.Many people with this condition also have a larger than average head size (macrocephaly) and Lisch nodules. While mutations in the NF1 gene have been found in families with Watson syndrome, the exactcause of this condition is unknown. The conditionis inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Treatment aims at managing the specific symptoms of an individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008676 biolink:NamedThing white sponge nevus 1 Any hereditary mucosal leukokeratosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014346 biolink:NamedThing white sponge nevus 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016906 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7 Chromosome 7q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 7. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 7q deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013393 biolink:NamedThing distal 7q11.23 microdeletion syndrome Distal 7q11.23 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by epilepsy, neurodevelopmental disorder variably including developmental delays and intellectual disabilities of variable severity, learning disability and neurobehavioral abnormalities (autism spectrum disorder, hyperactivity, impulsivity, aggression, self-abusive behaviors, depression). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015580 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 7q36 Distal monosomy 7q36 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7, with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by holoprosencephaly, growth restriction, developmental delay, facial dysmorphism (facial clefts, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, low-set ears, flat and broad nasal bridge, large mouth), abnormal fingers and palm or sole creases, ocular abnormalities, and other congenital malformations (incl. genital anomalies and caudal deficiency sequence). Cardiopathies have been occasionally reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016656 biolink:NamedThing 7q31 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010396 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 2 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDKL5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008679 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008680 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008683 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011056 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011112 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor 5 Any Wilms tumor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POU6F2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014779 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor 6 Any Wilms tumor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the REST gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016893 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011678 biolink:NamedThing homozygous 11P15-p14 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014825 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 11p13 deletion syndrome, distal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016477 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to 11p15 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022762 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 4 short arm deletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008688 biolink:NamedThing WT limb-blood syndrome WT limb-blood syndrome is characterised by haematological anomalies (Fanconi anaemia, leukaemia and lymphoma) often appearing during childhood. Anomalies of the limbs and hands are also present: bifid or hypoplastic thumbs, cutaneous syndactyly, and ulnar and radial defects. The syndrome has been described in several families. Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013851 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant aplasia and myelodysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014317 biolink:NamedThing pancytopenia-developmental delay syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018340 biolink:NamedThing hereditary isolated aplastic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008689 biolink:NamedThing dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis with or without pseudohyperkalemia and/or perinatal edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014737 biolink:NamedThing dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis 2 Any dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNN4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008690 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum, autosomal dominant, mild DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010210 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum group A Any xeroderma pigmentosum in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the XPA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010211 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum group C An autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the XPC gene. This disease is characterized by increased sensitivity to sunlight with the development of carcinomas at an early age and is caused by a defect in nucleotide excision repair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010212 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum group D Any xeroderma pigmentosum in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010213 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum group E An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the DDB2 gene. This disease exhibits the mildest degree of sun sensitivity of all xeroderma pigmentosum complementation groups, although individuals are at high risk for skin cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010214 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum variant type Xeroderma pigmentosum variant is a milder subtype of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a rare genetic photodermatosis characterized by severe sun sensitivity and an increased risk of skin cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010215 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum group F Any xeroderma pigmentosum in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010216 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum group G Any xeroderma pigmentosum in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012531 biolink:NamedThing xeroderma pigmentosum group B Any xeroderma pigmentosum in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009528 biolink:NamedThing chylomicron retention disease Chylomicron retention disease (CRD) is a type of familial hypocholesterolemia characterized by malnutrition, failure to thrive, growth failure, vitamin E deficiency and hepatic, neurologic and ophthalmologic complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017774 biolink:NamedThing hypobetalipoproteinemia A group of lipoprotein metabolism disorders that are characterized by permanently low levels (below the 5th percentile) of apolipoprotein B and LDL cholesterol. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011505 biolink:NamedThing familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 2 Any hypobetalipoproteinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ANGPTL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014252 biolink:NamedThing familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 1 Any hypobetalipoproteinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the APOB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020044 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive metabolic cerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016614 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive ataxia due to PEX10 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018189 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia - pyramidal signs - nystagmus - oculomotor apraxia syndrome Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-pyramidal signs-nystagmus-oculomotor apraxia syndrome is a rare, genetic, slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by delayed psychomotor development beginning in infancy, mild to profound intellectual disability, gait and stance ataxia, pyramidal signs (hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses), dysarthria, and ocular abnormalities (e.g. nystagmus, oculomotor apraxia, abduction deficits, esotropia, ptosis). Brain imaging reveals progressive, generalized cerebellar atrophy, mild ventriculomegaly and, in some, retrocerebellar cysts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019791 biolink:NamedThing recessive mitochondrial ataxia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011671 biolink:NamedThing Huntington disease-like 2 Huntington disease-like 2 (HDL2) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder considered part of the neuroacanthocytosis syndromes characterized by a triad of movement, psychiatric, and cognitive abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018945 biolink:NamedThing McLeod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome A form of neuroacanthocytosis and is characterized clinically by a Huntington's disease-like phenotype with an involuntary hyperkinetic movement disorder, psychiatric manifestations and cognitive alterations, and biochemically by absence of the Kx antigen and by weak expression of the Kell antigens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015167 biolink:NamedThing amniotic band syndrome A group of sporadic congenital anomalies, that occur in association with amniotic bands, involving the limbs, craniofacial regions, spine and trunk with a highly variable clinical spectrum ranging from simple digital band constriction (or amputation) to complex craniofacial, central nervous system and visceral anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017422 biolink:NamedThing adactyly of hand DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017443 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of both forearm and hand Congenital absence of both forearm and hand is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by unilateral or bilateral arrest of proximal to distal development of the upper limb, leading to a transverse deficiency with absence of the forearm, wrist and hand. A short below-the-elbow amputation is most commonly observed and the residual limb is usually well cushioned, with rudimentary nubbins or dumpling possibly found on the end. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017444 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of both lower leg and foot DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017445 biolink:NamedThing acheiria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017446 biolink:NamedThing apodia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018563 biolink:NamedThing adactyly of foot DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008701 biolink:NamedThing achondrogenesis type IA Achondrogenesis type 1A (ACG1A), a form of achondrogenesis, is a very rare, lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by dwarfism with extremely short limbs, narrow chest, short ribs that are easily fractured, soft skull bones and distinctive histological features of the cartilage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009785 biolink:NamedThing opsismodysplasia Opsismodysplasia is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by congenital dwarfism and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008705 biolink:NamedThing lysosomal acid phosphatase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009296 biolink:NamedThing glycoprotein storage disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013342 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 48 Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 48 (SPG48) is a form of hereditary spastic paraplegia usually characterized by a pure phenotype of a slowly progressive spastic paraplegia associated with urinary incontinence with an onset in mid- to late-adulthood. A complex phenotype, with the additional findings of cognitive impairment, sensorimotor polyneuropathy, ataxia and parkinsonism, as well as thin corpus callosum and white matter lesions (seen on magnetic resonance imaging), has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017731 biolink:NamedThing glycoproteinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017736 biolink:NamedThing disorder of sialic acid metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017738 biolink:NamedThing lysosomal glycogen storage disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019246 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of lysosomal amino acid transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008710 biolink:NamedThing RAB23-related Carpenter syndrome Any Carpenter syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAB23 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013998 biolink:NamedThing MEGF8-related Carpenter syndrome Any Carpenter syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MEGF8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017764 biolink:NamedThing disorder of zinc metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016676 biolink:NamedThing recurrent infections-inflammatory syndrome due to zinc metabolism disorder syndrome Hyperzincemia and hypercalprotectinemia is a rare inborn error of zinc metabolism characterized by recurrent infections, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia (unresponsive to iron supplementation) and chronic systemic inflammation in the presence of high plasma concentrations of zinc and calprotectin. Patients typically present dermal ulcers or other cutaneous manifestations (e.g. inflammation) and arthralgia. Severe epistaxis and spontaneous hematomas have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008720 biolink:NamedThing congenital isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency A hypopituitarrium that is characterized by a decreased or absent production of adrenocorticotropic hormone by the pituitary gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019824 biolink:NamedThing non-acquired pituitary hormone deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010139 biolink:NamedThing isolated thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiency Isolated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiency is a type of central congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid deficiency that is present from birth, characterized by low levels of thyroid hormones due to a deficiency in TSH synthesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014403 biolink:NamedThing short stature due to GHSR deficiency Short stature due to GHSR deficiency is a rare, genetic, endocrine growth disease, resulting from growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) deficiency, characterized by postnatal growth delay that results in short stature (less than -2 SD). The pituitary gland is typically without morphological changes, although anterior pituitary gland hypoplasia has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008721 biolink:NamedThing medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency (MCADD) is an inborn error of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation characterized by a rapidly progressive metabolic crisis, often presenting as hypoketotic hypoglycemia, lethargy, vomiting, seizures and coma, which can be fatal in the absence of emergency medical intervention. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017714 biolink:NamedThing acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018014 biolink:NamedThing transient neonatal multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Transient neonatal multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency describes a very rare condition where a maternal riboflavin deficiency causes an infant to present with manifestations similar to those seen in multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MAD) deficiency such as poor suck, metabolic acidosis and hypoglycemia, but that resolves completely with oral riboflavin. In the one patient described haploinsufficiency of the human riboflavin transporter (hRFT1) was described in the mother. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008723 biolink:NamedThing very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency An inherited disorder of mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid oxidation with a variable presentation including: cardiomyopathy, hypoketotic hypoglycemia, liver disease, exercise intolerance and rhabdomyolysis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017974 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of sex development induced by maternal-exposure to endocrine disruptors DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023601 biolink:NamedThing non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia A milder form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia characterized by decreased activity of an enzyme in the steroidogenic pathway, typically presenting later in life, that does not require life-long cortisol replacement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060783 biolink:NamedThing classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia A severe form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia characterized by very low or absent activity of an enzyme in the steroidogenic pathway typically presenting early in life, and requiring life-long cortisol replacement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014342 biolink:NamedThing female infertility due to zona pellucida defect Female infertility due to zona pellucida defect is a rare, genetic, female infertility disorder characterized by the presence of abnormal oocytes that lack a zona pellucida. Affected individuals are unable to conceive despite having normal menstrual cycles and sex hormone levels, as well as no obstructions in the fallopian tubes or defects of the uterus or adnexa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015839 biolink:NamedThing septate uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015844 biolink:NamedThing agenesis and aplasia of uterine body DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015845 biolink:NamedThing uterine cervical aplasia and agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016012 biolink:NamedThing diethylstilbestrol syndrome Diethylstilbestrol (DES) syndrome is a malformation syndrome reported in offspring (children and grandchildren) of women exposed to DES during pregnancy and is characterized by reproductive tract malformations, decreased fertility and increased risk of developing clear cell carcinoma of the vagina and cervix in young women. Reproductive malformations reported in DES syndrome include small, T-shaped uteri and other uterotubal anomalies that increase the risk of miscarriages in women and epididymal cysts, microphallus, cryptorchidism, or testicular hypoplasia in men. DES, a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen was widely prescribed from 1940-1970 to prevent miscarriage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016281 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX ovotesticular disorder of sex development 46,XX ovotesticular disorder of sex development (46,XX ovotesticular DSD) is characterized by histologically confirmed testicular and ovarian tissue in an individual with a 46,XX karyotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019007 biolink:NamedThing vaginal atresia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019932 biolink:NamedThing isolated partial vaginal agenesis Isolated partial vaginal agenesis is a rare, non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation characterized by the absence of a vagina or the presence of a vaginal dimple shorter than 5 cm. It is often associated with uterine agenesis, hematocolpos or primary amenorrhea and dyspareunia. Ovaries and fallopian tubes are normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044626 biolink:NamedThing female infertility due to oocyte meiotic arrest DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008726 biolink:NamedThing Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020667 biolink:NamedThing Antley-Bixler syndrome without genital anomalies or disordered steroidogenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008732 biolink:NamedThing adrenal hypoplasia, cytomegalic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008735 biolink:NamedThing adrenocortical unresponsiveness to ACTH with postreceptor defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011826 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid deficiency 2 Any familial glucocorticoid deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MRAP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012214 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid deficiency 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013874 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid deficiency 4 Any familial glucocorticoid deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NNT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024536 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid deficiency 1 Any familial glucocorticoid deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MC2R gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040502 biolink:NamedThing glucocorticoid deficiency 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008736 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 2B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100262 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX5 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008954 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 2A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008737 biolink:NamedThing congenital afibrinogenemia Familial afibrinogenemia is a coagulation disorder characterized by bleeding symptoms due to a complete absence of circulating fibrinogen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014452 biolink:NamedThing familial dysfibrinogenemia Familial dysfibrinogenemia is a coagulation disorder characterized by a bleeding tendency due to a functional anomaly of circulating fibrinogen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010294 biolink:NamedThing X-linked severe congenital neutropenia This syndrome is an immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent major bacterial infections, severe congenital neutropenia, and monocytopenia. It has been described in five males spanning three generations of one family. It is transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait and is caused by mutations in the WAS gene, encoding the WASP protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030726 biolink:NamedThing neutropenia, severe congenital, 9, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032899 biolink:NamedThing neutropenia, severe congenital, 8, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008745 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 1A Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A (OCA1A) is the most severe form of OCA, where no melanin is produced, and is characterized by white hair and skin, blue, fully translucent irises, nystagmus and misrouting of the optic nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018136 biolink:NamedThing minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1 Type 1 minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1-MP) is an extremely rare form of OCA1 with minimal pigment present, characterized by blond hair, variable iris transillumination, visual acuity ranging from 20/80-20/200 and white skin, with or without skin nevi. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018137 biolink:NamedThing temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1 Type 1 temperature sensitive oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1-TS) is an extremely rare form of OCA1 characterized by the production of temperature sensitive tyrosinase proteins leading to dark hair on the legs, arms and chest (cooler body areas) and white hair on the scalp, axilla and pubic area (warmer body areas). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008746 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 2 Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 (OCA2) is a type of OCA and the most common form of OCA seen in the African population, characterized by variable hypopigmentation of the skin and hair, numerous characteristic ocular changes and misrouting of the optic nerves at the chiasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008747 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 3 Type 3 oculocutaneous albinism (OCA3) is a form of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) characterized by rufous or brown albinism and occurring mainly in the African population. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011683 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 4 Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 (OCA4) is a type of OCA characterized by varying degrees of skin and hair hypopigmentation, numerous ocular changes and misrouting of the optic nerves at the chiasm. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014070 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 7 Oculocutaneous albinism type 7 (OCA7), formerly called OCA5, is a form of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) characterized by skin and hair hypopigmentation, nystagmus and iris transillumination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014127 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 5 Oculocutaneous albinism type 5 (OCA5) is a type of oculocutaneous albinism found in one Pakistani family to date, characterized by white skin, golden hair, photophobia, nystagmus, foveal hypoplasia and impaired visual acuity, that affects males and females equally, and that has been mapped to a locus on chromosome 4q24 but whose gene has not yet been discovered. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018264 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 6 A form of oculocutaneous albinism characterized by light hair at birth that darkens with age, white skin, transparent irides, photophobia, nystagmus, foveal hypoplasia and reduced visual acuity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030899 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008748 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 1 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HPS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016501 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome with pulmonary fibrosis Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome with pulmonary fibrosis as a complication includes two types (HPS-1 and HPS-4) of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a multi-system disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis and, in some cases, pulmonary fibrosis or granulomatous colitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013556 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 4 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HPS4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008751 biolink:NamedThing corticosterone methyloxidase type 1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020489 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012524 biolink:NamedThing corticosterone methyloxidase type 2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008843 biolink:NamedThing atherosclerosis-deafness-diabetes-epilepsy-nephropathy syndrome Atherosclerosis-deafness-diabetes-epilepsy-nephropathy syndrome is characterised by sensorineural deafness, diabetes mellitus, progressive neurological deterioration with photomyoclonic epilepsy, and progressive nephropathy. It has been described in two brothers. Premature atherosclerosis of renal, coronary, and cerebral arteries and the aorta was also observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020070 biolink:NamedThing neonatal epilepsy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020071 biolink:NamedThing infantile epilepsy syndrome An epilepsy syndrome that occurs between 28 days to one year of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020073 biolink:NamedThing adolescent-onset epilepsy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100022 biolink:NamedThing neonatal/infantile epilepsy syndrome An epilepsy sydrome that has an onset during the neonatal or infantile stage of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016808 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, hepatocerebral form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009747 biolink:NamedThing Navajo neurohepatopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010060 biolink:NamedThing infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia Infantile-onset spinocerebellar ataxia (IOSCA) is a hereditary neurological disorder with early and severe involvement of both the peripheral and central nervous systems. It has only been described in Finnish families. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018197 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, hepatocerebrorenal form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010151 biolink:NamedThing tricarboxylic acid cycle, defect of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009371 biolink:NamedThing 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria 3 hydroxyisobutyric aciduria is characterised by ketoacidotic episodes, cerebral anomalies and facial dysmorphism. It is an organic aciduria that involves valine metabolism. Thirteen cases have been described in the literature so far. Transmission is thought to be autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009475 biolink:NamedThing isovaleric acidemia Isovaleric acidemia (IVA) is an autosomal recessively inherited organic aciduria characterized by a deficiency in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, that has wide clinical variability and that can present in infancy with acute manifestations of vomiting, failure to thrive, seizures, lethargy, a characteristic ''sweaty feet'' odor, acute pancreatitis and mild to severe developmental delay or in childhood with metabolic acidosis (brought on by prolonged fasting, an increased intake of protein-rich food or infections) and that can be fatal if not treated immediately. Chronic intermittent presentations and asymptomatic patients have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009520 biolink:NamedThing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria (3HMG) is an organic aciduria, due to deficiency of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA-lyase (a key enzyme in ketogenesis and leucine metabolism) usually presenting in infancy with episodes of metabolic decompensation triggered by periods of fasting or infections, which when left untreated are life-threatening and may lead to neurological sequelae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009603 biolink:NamedThing 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase deficiency Neurodegeneration due to 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase deficiency is characterised by delayed motor development, hypotonia and progressive neurodegeneration. To date, it has been described in four boys. The syndrome is caused by mutations affecting the two alleles of the HIBCH gene, encoding 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase. The mode of transmission has not yet been established. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009612 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonic aciduria due to methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency Vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia is an inborn error of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism characterized by recurrent ketoacidotic crises or transient vomiting, dehydration, hypotonia and intellectual deficit, which does not respond to administration of vitamin B12. There are two types of vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia: mut0 and mut-. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011628 biolink:NamedThing propionic acidemia Propionic acidemia (PA) is an organic aciduria caused by the deficient activity of the propionyl Coenzyme A carboxylase and is characterized by life threatening episodes of metabolic decompensation, neurological dysfunction and that may be complicated by cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012392 biolink:NamedThing 2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency A rare organic aciduria characterized by impaired isoleucine degradation with increased plasma or whole blood C5 acylcarnitine levels (typically observed in newborn screening) and increased urinary excretion of N-methylbutyrylglycine. The condition is usually clinically asymptomatic, although patients with muscular hypotonia, developmental delay, and seizures (among others) have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012648 biolink:NamedThing isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency An inborn error of valine metabolism. The prevalence is unknown. Only one symptomatic patient (with anaemia, failure to thrive, dilated cardiomyopathy and plasma carnitine deficiency) has been described so far, but several series of patients have been identified through newborn screening programs relying on detection of increased C(4)-carnitine levels by tandem mass spectrometry. The disorder is caused by mutations in the ACAD8 gene (11q25). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013661 biolink:NamedThing combined malonic and methylmalonic acidemia Combined malonic and methylmalonic acidemia is a rare inborn error of metabolism characterized by elevation of malonic acid (MA) and methylmalonic acid (MMA) in body fluids, with higher levels of MMA than MA. CMAMMA presents in childhood with metabolic acidosis, developmental delay, dystonia and failure to thrive or in adulthood with seizures, memory loss and cognitive decline. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017359 biolink:NamedThing 3-methylglutaconic aciduria A group of five inherited disorders caused by mutations in the AUH, DNAJC19, OPA3, and TAZ genes. The disorders are characterized by impairment in the function of mitochondria, resulting in the accumulation and excretion of 3-methylglutaconic acid, and the presence of 3-methylglutaric acid in the urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018950 biolink:NamedThing 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency (3-MCCD) is an inherited disorder of leucine metabolism characterized by a highly variable clinical picture ranging from metabolic crisis in infancy to asymptomatic adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019229 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of ketolysis An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of ketone body catabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009492 biolink:NamedThing succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid CoA transferase deficiency Succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid CoA transferase deficiency (SCOTD) is a defect in ketone body utilization characterized by severe, potentially fatal intermittent episodes of ketoacidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100451 biolink:NamedThing CEP290-related ciliopathy A ciliopathy caused by biallelic variants in the CEP290 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100509 biolink:NamedThing IFT140-related recessive ciliopathy Any ciliopathy in which the cause of the disease is biallelic variants in the IFT140 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008767 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 3 A condition associated with mutation(s) in the CLN3 gene, encoding battenin. The condition is one of a group of genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by accumulation of intracellular lipopigments. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019262 biolink:NamedThing juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis A genetically heterogeneous group of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) typically characterized by onset at early school age with vision loss due to retinopathy, seizures and the decline of mental and motor capacities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008769 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 2 A condition associated with mutation(s) in the TPP1 gene, encoding tripeptidyl-peptidase- 1. The condition is one of a group of genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by accumulation of intracellular lipopigments. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010830 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 8 Any neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLN8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012188 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 9 Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 9 (CLN9-NCL) is a rare condition that affects the nervous system. Signs and symptoms of the condition generally develop in early childhood (average age 4 years) and may include loss of muscle coordination (ataxia), seizures that do not respond to medications, muscle twitches (myoclonus), visual impairment, and developmental regression (the loss of previously acquired skills). The underlying genetic cause of CLN9-NCLis unknown but it appears to be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment options are limited to therapies that can help relieve some of the symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017809 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonism due to ATP13A2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015674 biolink:NamedThing late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis A genetically heterogeneous group of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) typically characterized by onset during infancy or early childhood with decline of mental and motor capacities, epilepsy, and vision loss through retinal degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009745 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 5 Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 5 (CLN5-NCL) is a rare condition that affects the nervous system. Signs and symptoms of the condition generally develop between ages 4.5 and 7 years, although later onset cases have been reported. Affected people may experience loss of muscle coordination (ataxia), seizures that do not respond to medications, muscle twitches (myoclonus), visual impairment, and cognitive/motor decline. It occurs predominantly in the Finnish population. CLN5-NCL is caused by changes (mutations) in the CLN5 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment options are limited to therapies that can help relieve some of the symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011144 biolink:NamedThing ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal, 6A A rare condition that affects the nervous system. Signs and symptoms of the condition generally develop between ages 18 months and 8 years, although later onset cases have been reported. Affected people may experience loss of muscle coordination (ataxia), seizures that do not respond to medications, muscle twitches (myoclonus), visual impairment, and developmental regression (loss of previously acquired skills). It occurs predominantly in people of Portuguese, Indian, Pakistani, or Czech ancestry. CLN6-NCL is caused by changes (mutations) in the CLN6 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment options are limited to therapies that can help relieve some of the symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012588 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 7 Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 7 (CLN7-NCL) is a rare condition that affects the nervous system. Signs and symptoms of the condition generally develop in early childhood (average age 5 years) and may include loss of muscle coordination (ataxia), seizures that do not respond to medications, muscle twitches (myoclonus), visual impairment, and developmental regression (the loss of previously acquired skills). CLN7-NCL is caused by changes (mutations) in the MFSD8 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment options are limited to therapies that can help relieve some of the symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008772 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 2A1 Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KLK4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010521 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta type 1E Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AMELX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012926 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta hypomaturation type 2A2 Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MMP20 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013181 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta hypomaturation type 2A3 Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WDR72 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013906 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta hypomaturation type 2A4 Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ODAPH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014385 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta hypomaturation type 2A5 Any amelogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC24A4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014971 biolink:NamedThing amelogenesis imperfecta, hypomaturation type, IIa6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008774 biolink:NamedThing 2-aminoadipic 2-oxoadipic aciduria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009373 biolink:NamedThing seizures-intellectual disability due to hydroxylysinuria syndrome Seizures-intellectual disability due to hydroxylysinuria syndrome is characterised by hydroxylysinuria, myoclonic and motor seizures and intellectual deficit. It has been described in a brother and sister born to consanguineous parents and in one unrelated patient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010005 biolink:NamedThing saccharopinuria Saccharopinuria is a disorder of lysine metabolism associated with hyperlysinaemia and lysinuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008780 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 2, juvenile Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008781 biolink:NamedThing juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia A juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that is slowly progressive with concomitantly progressive dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011196 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 5 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPG11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013715 biolink:NamedThing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 16 Any amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SIGMAR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011663 biolink:NamedThing juvenile primary lateral sclerosis Juvenile primary lateral sclerosis (JPLS) is a very rare motor neuron disease characterized by progressive upper motor neuron dysfunction leading to loss of the ability to walk with wheelchair dependence, and subsequently, loss of motor speech production. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011797 biolink:NamedThing infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis (IAHSP) is a very rare motor neuron disease characterized by severe spasticity of the lower limbs in early life, progression of spasticity to the upper limbs in late childhood, and dysarthria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100188 biolink:NamedThing combined ApoA-I and ApoC-III deficiency A hypoalphalipoproteinemia that is has its basis in the disruption of ApoA-I and ApoC-III. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100189 biolink:NamedThing apolipoprotein A-I deficiency A rare lipoprotein metabolism disorder characterized biochemically by complete absence of apolipoprotein AI and extremely low plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and clinically by corneal opacities and xanthomas complicated with premature coronary heart disease (CHD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008785 biolink:NamedThing sideroblastic anemia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014804 biolink:NamedThing sideroblastic anemia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008786 biolink:NamedThing pyridoxine-responsive sideroblastic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008789 biolink:NamedThing anemia, nonspherocytic hemolytic, associated with abnormality of red cell membrane DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008790 biolink:NamedThing anemia, nonspherocytic hemolytic, possibly due to defect in porphyrin metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010480 biolink:NamedThing anemia, nonspherocytic hemolytic, due to G6PD deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016344 biolink:NamedThing hydranencephaly A rare congenital brain disorder in which the cerebral hemispheres are absent and replaced by sacs that contain cerebrospinal fluid. Signs and symptoms include irritability, increased muscle tone, seizures, and hydrocephalus. The prognosis is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030338 biolink:NamedThing anencephaly 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035401 biolink:NamedThing isolated anencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010261 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, syndromic 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010671 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, syndromic 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011936 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia with brain and digit anomalies Microphthalmia with brain and digit anomalies is characterised by anophthalmia or microphthalmia, retinal dystrophy, and/or myopia, associated in some cases with cerebral anomalies. It has been described in two families. Polydactyly may also be present. Linkage analysis allowed identification of mutations in the BMP4 gene, which has already been shown to play a role in eye development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012413 biolink:NamedThing syndromic microphthalmia type 5 Syndromic microphthalmia, type 5 is characterized by the association of a range of ocular anomalies (anophthalmia, microphthalmia and retinal abnormalities) with variable developmental delay and central nervous system malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012802 biolink:NamedThing oculoauricular syndrome Oculoauricular syndrome, Schorderet type is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by various ophthalmic anomalies (including congenital microphthalmia, microcornea, cataract, anterior segment dysgenesis, ocular coloboma and early onset rod-cone dystrophy), and abnormal external ears (low-set pinna with crumpled helix, narrow intertragic incisure, abnormal bridge connecting the crus of the helix and the anthelix, narrow external acoustic meatus, and lobule aplasia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013734 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, syndromic 11 Any syndromic microphthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VAX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014229 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, syndromic 12 Syndromic microphthalmia-12 is a rare disease characterized by bilateral small eyeballs (microphthalmia), lungs that are too small (pulmonary hypoplasia), and a defect or hole in the diaphragm that allows the abdominal contents to move into the chest cavity (diaphragmatic hernia). Other symptoms may include: Severe global developmental delay with progressive motor impairment due to spasticity and/or uncontrolled repetitive muscular contractions (dystonia), with or without abnormal quick movements that resemble dancing (chorea), Defects of the cerebellum (Chiari type I malformation) Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid inside the brain (hydrocephaly), Severe feeding difficulties, Mild facial dysmorphism with broad nasal root and tip, and a very small chin (micrognathia), Severe language delay, Wheelchair-bound. Syndromic microphthalmia-12 is caused by mutations in the RARB gene. There is no specific treatment for this syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018924 biolink:NamedThing microphthalmia, Lenz type A very rare X-linked inherited form of syndromic microphthalmia characterized by unilateral or bilateral microphthalmia (and/or clinical anophthalmia) with or without coloboma in addition to a range of extraocular manifestations such as microcephaly, malformed ears, dental abnormalities (i.e. irregular shape of incisors), skeletal anomalies (duplicated thumbs, syndactyly, clinodactyly, camptodactyly), urogenital anomalies (hypospadias, cryptorchidism, renal dysgenesis, hydroureter) and mild to severe intellectual disability. It is allelic to two disorders: oculofaciocardiodental syndrome and premature aging appearance-developmental delay-cardiac arrhythmia syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008807 biolink:NamedThing apnea, central sleep DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024356 biolink:NamedThing primary central sleep apnea syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024357 biolink:NamedThing drug induced central sleep apnea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024358 biolink:NamedThing complex sleep apnea A distinct form of sleep-disordered breathing characterized as central sleep apnea (CSA), and presents in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients during initial treatment with a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024359 biolink:NamedThing central sleep apnea due to periodic breathing DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024360 biolink:NamedThing central sleep apnea caused by high altitude DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008809 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy-hand defect syndrome Digital extensor muscle aplasia-polyneuropathy is a rare, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by flexion deformities of the thumb and fingers, sensory deficit in the hand and polyneuropathic electrophysiologic findings in the limbs. Operation on the hands reveals extensor muscles and their tendons to be absent or hypoplastic. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018550 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia-optic atrophy-neuropathy and spastic paraplegia-optic atrophy-neuropathy-related disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009751 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory, atypical A hereditary sensory neuropathy characterized by late onset of sensory ataxia without ulcerating acropathy or autonomic abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010378 biolink:NamedThing X-linked hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with hearing loss This syndrome is characterized by the association of an axonal sensory and autonomic neuropathy with hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010688 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory neuropathy X-linked A hereditary sensory neuropathy characterized by X-linked inheritance of slowly progressing neuropathy with onset in the first or second decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018431 biolink:NamedThing cold-induced sweating syndrome - hyperthermia spectrum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019941 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2 Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type 2 (HSAN2) is an inherited disorder characterized by profound and universal sensory loss involving large and small fiber nerves, and marked hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017104 biolink:NamedThing central nervous system cystic malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017105 biolink:NamedThing glioependymal/ependymal cyst Glioependymal/ependymal cyst is a rare central nervous system malformation defined as a subarachnoid, supratentorial, interventricular or intraspinal, sometimes intracerebral or intramedullar cyst with an internal ependymal lining, possibly surrounded by glial tissue. It may be an incidental finding or may present at different ages with clinical features depending on its size and location. It may distort adjacent brain structures and cause macrocephaly, ventriculomegaly, hydrocephalus, focal neurological signs and other signs and symptoms. In some cases, it is associated with other cerebral malformations (e.g. corpus callosum agenesis, polymicrogyria, heterotopias). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020134 biolink:NamedThing cystic malformation of the posterior fossa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008814 biolink:NamedThing hyperargininemia Arginase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive amino acid metabolism disorder characterized clinically by variable degrees of hyperammonemia, developing from about 3 years of age, and leading to progressive loss of developmental milestones and spasticity in the absence of treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800153 biolink:NamedThing urea cycle disorder or inherited hyperammonemia A disorder of amino acid metabolism that has its basis in the disruption of the urea cycle or an inherited hyperammonemia (any specific disease which causes an inherited increased concentration of ammonia in the blood). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008988 biolink:NamedThing citrullinemia type I Citrullinemia type I is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle defect characterized biologically by hyperammonemia and clinically by progressive lethargy, poor feeding and vomiting in the neonatal form (Acute neonatal citrullinemia type I) and by variable hyperammonemia in the later-onset form (adult-onset citrullinemia type I). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009376 biolink:NamedThing carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency disease Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare and severe disorder of urea cycle metabolism most commonly characterized by either a neonatal-onset of severe hyperammonemia that occurs few days after birth and manifests with lethargy, vomiting, hypothermia, seizures, coma and death or a presentation outside the newborn period at any age with (sometimes) milder symptoms of hyperammonemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009377 biolink:NamedThing hyperammonemia due to N-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) deficiency is a urea cycle disorder leading to hyperammonaemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010703 biolink:NamedThing ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is a disorder of urea cycle metabolism and ammonia detoxification characterized by either a severe, neonatal-onset disease found almost exclusively in males, or later-onset (partial) forms of the disease. Both present with episodes of hyperammonemia that can be fatal and which can lead to neurological complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011717 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome Hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome (HIHA) is a frequent form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism, characterized by an excessive/ uncontrolled insulin secretion (inappropriate for the level of glycemia), asymptomatic hyperammonemia and recurrent episodes of profound hypoglycemia induced by fasting and protein rich meals, requiring rapid and intensive treatment to prevent neurological sequelae. Epilepsy and cognitive deficit that are unrelated to hypoglycemia may also occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014332 biolink:NamedThing hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016602 biolink:NamedThing citrin deficiency Citrin deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle defect characterized clinically by recurring episodes of hyperammonemia and associated neuropsychiatric symptoms in the adult-onset form (citrullinemia type II), and by transient cholestasis and variable hepatic dysfunction in the neonatal form (neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis due to citrin deficiency). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017069 biolink:NamedThing spina bifida cystica A congenital abnormality in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above the skin surface. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017076 biolink:NamedThing posterior meningocele Posterior meningocele is a rare neural tube closure defect characterized by the herniation of a cerebrospinal fluid-filled sac, that is lined by dura and arachnoid mater, through a posterior spina bifida and covered by a layer of skin of variable thickness, which may be dysplastic or ulcerated. The spinal cord and nerves are generally not included and function normally, although sometimes a tethered cord may be associated. They are most commonly located in the lumbar or sacral region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017077 biolink:NamedThing myelocystocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019773 biolink:NamedThing myelomeningocele Myelomeningocele is the most severe form of spina bifida. It happens when parts of the spinal cord and nerves come through the open part of the spine. It causes nerve damage and other disabilities. Seventy to ninety percent of children with this condition also have too much fluid on their brains (hydrocephalus). This happens because fluid that protects the brain and spinal cord is unable to drain like it should. The fluid builds up, causing pressure and swelling. Without treatment, a persons head grows too big, and theymay have brain damage. Other disorders of the spinal cord may be seen, including syringomyelia and hip dislocation. The cause of myelomeningocele is unknown. However, low levels of folic acid in a woman's body before and during early pregnancy is thought to play a part in this type of birth defect. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008817 biolink:NamedThing arterial calcification, generalized, of infancy, 1 An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the ENPP1 gene, encoding ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1. The condition is characterized by calcification and narrowing of medium- and large-sized arteries, resulting in cardiovascular complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013768 biolink:NamedThing arterial calcification, generalized, of infancy, 2 Any arterial calcification of infancy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008822 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, and cholestasis 1 Any arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VPS33B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013255 biolink:NamedThing arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, and cholestasis 2 Any arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VIPAS39 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008830 biolink:NamedThing aspartylglucosaminuria Aspartylglycosaminuria (AGU) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease belonging to the oligosaccharidosis group (also called glycoproteinosis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009254 biolink:NamedThing fucosidosis Fucosidosis is an extremely rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by a highly variable phenotype with common manifestations including neurologic deterioration, coarse facial features, growth retardation, and recurrent sinopulmonary infections, as well as seizures, visceromegaly, angiokeratoma and dysostosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017734 biolink:NamedThing sialidosis Sialidosis is a lysosomal storage disease, belonging to the group of oligosaccharidoses or glycoproteinoses, with a wide clinical spectrum that is divided into two main clinical subtypes: sialidosis type I, the milder, non dysmorphic form of the disease characterized by gait abnormalities, progressive visual loss, bilateral macular cherry red spots and myoclonus, that presents in adolescence or adulthood (second or third decade of life); and sialidosis type II the more severe, early onset form, characterized by a progressive and severe mucopolysaccharidosis-like phenotype with coarse facies, visceromegaly, dysostosis multiplex, and developmental delay. Bilateral macular cherry red spots are also present. Sialidosis type II has been further divided into congenital (with hydrops fetalis), infantile and juvenile presentations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017779 biolink:NamedThing alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) deficiency is a very rare lysosomal storage disease that is clinically and pathologically heterogeneous and is characterized by deficient NAGA activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009260 biolink:NamedThing GM1 gangliosidosis type 1 GM1 gangliosidosis type 1 is the severe infantile form of GM1 gangliosidosis with variable neurological and systemic manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009650 biolink:NamedThing mucolipidosis type II Mucolipidosis II (MLII) is a slowly progressive lysosomal disorder characterized by growth retardation, skeletal abnormalities, facial dysmorphism, stiff skin, developmental delay and cardiomegaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009652 biolink:NamedThing mucolipidosis type III gamma Mucolipidosis III gamma (ML 3 gamma) is a very rare lysosomal disease, that has most often been observed in the Middle East, characterized by a progressive slowing of the growth rate in early childhood; stiffness and pain in shoulders, hips, and finger joints; a gradual, mild coarsening of facial features; and by a slower progression, milder clinical course and longer life expectancy than that seen in mucolipidosis II and mucolipidosis III alpha/beta. Cognitive function is normal or only slightly impaired and retinitis pigmentosa has been reported in a few patients. Many survive into early adulthood, but ultimately succumb to cardiorespiratory insufficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009655 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 3A A rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme heparan sulfate sulfatase. It is characterized by behavioral changes, sleep disturbances, mental developmental delays and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009656 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 3B A rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminidase. It is characterized by behavioral changes, sleep disturbances, and mental developmental delays. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009657 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 3C A rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme acetyl-CoA:alpha-glucosaminide acetyltransferase. It is characterized by behavioral changes, sleep disturbances, and mental developmental delays. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009658 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 3D A rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase. It is characterized by behavioral changes, sleep disturbances and mental developmental delays. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009659 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 4A A rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme galactosamine-6-sulfatase. It is characterized by skeletal and central nervous system deficits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009660 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 4B A rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme beta galactosidase. It is characterized by skeletal dysplasia and short stature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009738 biolink:NamedThing sialidosis type 2 A rare lysosomal storage disease, and the severe, early onset form of sialidosis characterized by a progressively severe mucopolysaccharidosis-like phenotype (coarse facies, dysostosis multiplex, hepatosplenomegaly), macular cherry-red spots as well as psychomotor and developmental delay. ST-2 displays a broad spectrum of clinical severity with antenatal/congenital, infantile and juvenile presentations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010027 biolink:NamedThing free sialic acid storage disease, infantile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018931 biolink:NamedThing mucolipidosis type III, alpha/beta Mucolipidosis III alpha/beta (MLIII alpha/beta) is a lysosomal disorder characterized by progressive slowing of the growth rate from early childhood, stiffness and pain in joints, gradual coarsening of facial features, moderate developmental delay and mild intellectual disability in most patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008831 biolink:NamedThing asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 1 An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy associated with variation in the region 15q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018770 biolink:NamedThing Jeune syndrome Jeune syndrome, also called asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, is a short-rib dysplasia characterized by a narrow thorax, short limbs and radiological skeletal abnormalities including "trident" aspect of the acetabula and metaphyseal changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009894 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 6 with or without polydactyly A group of rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorders characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. Polydactyly may or may not be present. Other abnormalities include cleft lip and palate and abnormalities of the brain, eye, heart, liver, pancreas, intestine, kidney, and genitalia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010024 biolink:NamedThing Beemer-Langer syndrome Short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), Beemer-Langer type is an extremely rare type of SRPS developing prenatally or immediately after birth and characterized by short and narrow thorax with horizontally oriented ribs. Other bone features include small iliac bones, short tubular bones, bowing of long bones and rarely pre- and post-axial polydactyly. Brain defects are common and some cases of cleft lip, absent internal genitalia and renal, biliary and pancreatic cysts have been reported. The course is rapidly fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012644 biolink:NamedThing asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 2 Any Jeune syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFT80 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013441 biolink:NamedThing asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 4 An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy has material basis in compound heterozygous mutation in the TTC21B gene on chromosome 2q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013569 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 7 with or without polydactyly An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the WDR35 gene on chromosome 2p21.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013717 biolink:NamedThing asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 5 Any Jeune syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WDR19 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014214 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 8 with or without polydactyly An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in compound heterozygous mutation in the WDR60 gene on chromosome 7q36. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014284 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 10 with or without polydactyly An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the IFT172 gene on chromosome 2p23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014287 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 11 with or without polydactyly An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the WDR34 gene on chromosome 9q34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014577 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 13 with or without polydactyly An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the CEP120 gene on chromosome 5q23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014688 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 14 with polydactyly An asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the KIAA0586 gene on chromosome 14q23. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014907 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 15 with polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014915 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 16 with or without polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030356 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 21 without polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033485 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 19 with or without polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036483 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 18 with polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044328 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 20 with polydactyly Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by {1:Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012} and {2:Schmidts et al., 2013}).nnThere is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (Sensenbrenner syndrome; see CED1, OMIM:218330). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054565 biolink:NamedThing short-rib thoracic dysplasia 17 with or without polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008832 biolink:NamedThing right atrial isomerism A visceral heterotaxy characterized by complete atrioventricular septal defect with a common atrium and univentricular AV connection, total anomalous pulmonary drainage, and transposition or malposition of the great arteries and may be associated with bilateral trilobed lungs, midline liver, asplenia and situs inversus affecting other organs that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the GDF1 gene on chromosome 19p12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010029 biolink:NamedThing situs inversus A congenital condition in which there is complete right-to-left reversal of the position of the major thoracic and abdominal organs (that is, they are arranged in a mirror image of the normal positioning). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010607 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 1, X-linked X-linked visceral heterotaxy type 1 is a very rare form of heterotaxy that has only been reported in a few families. Heterotaxy is the right/left transposition of thoracic and/or abdominal organs. This condition is caused by mutations in the ZIC3 gene, is inherited in an X-linked recessive fashion, and is usually seen in males. Physical features include heart abnormalities such as dextrocardia, transposition of great vessels, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonic stenosis ; situs inversus, and missing (asplenia) and/or extra spleens (polysplenia).Affected individualscan also experience abnormalities in the development of the midline of the body, which can cause holoprosencephaly, myelomeningocele, urological anomalies, widely spaced eyes (hypertelorism), cleft palate, and abnormalities of the sacral spine and anus. Heterotaxia with recurrent respiratory infections are called primary ciliary dyskinesia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010991 biolink:NamedThing laterality defects, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011546 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 2, autosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011659 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 3, autosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013403 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 4, autosomal Any visceral heterotaxy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACVR2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013887 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 6, autosomal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014762 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 7, autosomal Any visceral heterotaxy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MMP21 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014967 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 8, autosomal Any visceral heterotaxy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PKD1L1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019862 biolink:NamedThing levocardia A condition where the heart is in the correct anatomic position but some or all of the other thoracoabdominal viscera are in the opposite lateral orientation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030070 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 9, autosomal, with male infertility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030474 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 10, autosomal, with male infertility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030475 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 11, autosomal, with male infertility DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700112 biolink:NamedThing heterotaxy, visceral, 5, autosomal Any visceral hetetotaxy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NODAL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008833 biolink:NamedThing renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia 1 Any renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NPHP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014174 biolink:NamedThing renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia 2 Any renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NEK8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008838 biolink:NamedThing ataxia - deafness - intellectual disability syndrome This syndrome is characterised by progressive ataxia beginning during childhood, deafness and intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010404 biolink:NamedThing X-linked non progressive cerebellar ataxia X-linked non progressive cerebellar ataxia is a rare hereditary ataxia characterized by delayed early motor development, severe neonatal hypotonia, non-progressive ataxia and slow eye movements, presenting normal cognitive abilities and absence of pyramidal signs. Frequently patients also manifest intention tremor, mild dysphagia, and dysarthria. Brain MRI reveals global cerebellar atrophy with absence of other malformations or degenerations of the central and peripheral nervous systems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010529 biolink:NamedThing X-linked spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 A form of spinocerebellar degeneration characterized by onset in infancy of hypotonia, ataxia, sensorineural deafness, developmental delay, esotropia, and optic atrophy, and by a progressive course leading to death in childhood. It has been described one family with at least six affected males from five different sibships (connected through carrier females). It is transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010534 biolink:NamedThing X-linked spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 Spinocerebellar ataxia, X-linked, type 4 is characterised by ataxia, pyramidal tract signs and adult-onset dementia. It has been described in three generations of one large family. The disease manifests during early childhood with delayed walking and tremor. The pyramidal signs appear progressively and by adulthood memory problems and dementia gradually become apparent. Transmission is X-linked but the causative gene has not yet been identified. The disease is usually fatal during the sixth decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010547 biolink:NamedThing X-linked progressive cerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010548 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia, X-linked 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019430 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability-ataxia-apraxia syndrome X-linked intellectual disability-ataxia-apraxia syndrome is characterised by ataxia, apraxia, intellectual deficit and/or seizures. It has been described in nine males in two unrelated Danish families. It is transmitted as an X-linked recessive syndrome with partial clinical expression in obligate female carriers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018814 biolink:NamedThing non-SCID combined immunodeficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035694 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to RELA haploinsufficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800128 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to POLE2 deficiency Any combined immunodeficiency due to a deficiency in the POLE2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008841 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-telangiectasia with generalized skin pigmentation and early death DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024557 biolink:NamedThing ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder 1 Any ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MRE11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020160 biolink:NamedThing secondary entropion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020462 biolink:NamedThing tarsal kink syndrome Tarsal kink syndrome is a rare congenital malformation of the tarsus that causes entropion characterized by blepharospasm and absence of an upper eyelid fold that may lead to corneal ulceration caused by the folded edge of the upper tarsus or the inturned eyelashes if not corrected by surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034971 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital entropion A rare eyelid malposition disorder characterized by congenital abnormal inversion of the eyelid towards the globe, potentially causing mechanical irritation of the ocular surface by the eyelashes, which may lead to corneal abrasion and scarring with visual impairment. Typical initial symptoms are foreign body sensation, redness, tearing, and ocular discharge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008854 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 A Bardet-Biedl syndrome that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the BBS1 gene on chromosome 11q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010832 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011523 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014432 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 2 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014433 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014434 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBS5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014435 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 7 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBS7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014436 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 8 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTC8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014437 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBS9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014438 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 10 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBS10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014440 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 12 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBS12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014441 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 13 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MKS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014442 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 14 A Bardet-Biedl syndrome that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the CEP290 gene on chromosome 12q21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014443 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 15 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WDPCP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014444 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 16 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SDCCAG8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014445 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 17 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LZTFL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014446 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 18 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BBIP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014447 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 19 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFT27 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014926 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 22 Any Bardet-Biedl syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFT74 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023670 biolink:NamedThing Bardet-Biedl syndrome 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044308 biolink:NamedThing bardet-biedl syndrome 21 BBS21 is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by obesity, postaxial polydactyly, retinal degeneration, and mild cognitive impairment ({1:Heon et al., 2016}; {2:Khan et al., 2016}).nnFor a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, see BBS1 (OMIM:209900). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008856 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 27A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013954 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete IL12B deficiency Any autosomal recessive mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to a complete deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL12B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013955 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete IL12RB1 deficiency Any autosomal recessive mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to a complete deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL12RB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013956 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial STAT1 deficiency A genetic variant of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases characterized by a partial defect in the interferon (IFN)-gamma pathway, leading to mild mycobacterial infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013957 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IRF8 deficiency A rare genetic variant of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases characterized by a selective susceptibility to relatively mild infections with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014429 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IFNgammaR1 deficiency A genetic variant of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease characterized by a partial deficiency leading to impaired IFN-gamma immunity and, consequently, recurrent, moderately severe infections with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014502 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete ISG15 deficiency Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete ISG15 deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by Bacille Calmette-GuC)rin (BCG) infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014710 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete RORgamma receptor deficiency Any autosomal recessive mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to a complete deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RORC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017900 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete IFNgammaR2 deficiency Mendelian susceptibily to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interferon gamma receptor 2 (IFN-gammaR2) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a complete deficiency in IFN-gammaR2, leading to an undetectable response to IFN-gamma, and consequently, to severe and often fatal infections with bacillus Calmette-GuC)rin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017903 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IFNgammaR2 deficiency A genetic variant of mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases characterized by a partial deficiency in IFN-gammaR2, leading to impaired response to IFN-gamma and, consequently, to recurrent, moderately severe infections with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017905 biolink:NamedThing X-linked Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases A rare group of immunodeficiencies due to specific mutations in the inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase gamma (IKBKG) or the cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (CYBB) genes. They are characterized by mycobacterial infections, occuring in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020530 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete IFNgammaR1 deficiency Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFN-gammaR1) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a complete deficiency in IFN-gammaR1, leading to impaired IFN-gamma immunity and, consequently, to severe and often fatal infections with bacillus Calmette-GuC)rin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020636 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to a complete deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020637 biolink:NamedThing Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to a partial deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008861 biolink:NamedThing 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 1 deficiency Any 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MCCC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015991 biolink:NamedThing citrullinemia Citrullinemia is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder of urea cycle metabolism and ammonia detoxification characterized by elevated concentrations of serum citrulline and ammonia. The disease presents with a large range of manifestations including neonatal hyperammonemic encephalopathy with lethargy, seizures and coma; hepatic dysfunction in all age groups; episodes of hyperammonemia and neuropsychiatric symptoms in children or adults, or, can be asymptomatic in some cases (detected in newborn screening programs). Citrullinemia is divided into two main groups that are encoded by different genes: citrullinemia type I (comprised of acute neonatal citrullinemia type I and adult-onset citrullinemia type I) and citrin deficiency (comprised of adult-onset citrullinemia type II and neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis due to citrin deficiency). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008862 biolink:NamedThing 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 2 deficiency Any 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MCCC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008863 biolink:NamedThing sitosterolemia A rare autosomal recessive sterol storage disease characterized by the accumulation of phytosterols in the blood and tissues. Clinical manifestations include xanthomas, arthralgia and premature atherosclerosis. Hematological manifestations include hemolytic anemia with stomatocytosis and macrothrombocytopenia. The disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in ABCG5 (2p21) and ABCG8 (2p21) genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010246 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 9 Female restricted epilepsy with intellectual disability is a rare X-linked epilepsy syndrome characterized by febrile or afebrile seizures (mainly tonic-clonic, but also absence, myoclonic, and atonic) starting in the first years of life and, in most cases, developmental delay and intellectual disability of variable severity. Behavioral disturbances (e.g. autistic features, hyperactivity, and aggressiveness) are also frequently associated. This disease affects exclusively females, with male carriers being unaffected, despite an X-linked inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010632 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 1 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012391 biolink:NamedThing neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 8 northern epilepsy variant Progressive epilepsy-intellectual deficit, Finnish type (also known as Northern epilepsy) is a subtype of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) characterized by seizures, progressive decline of intellectual capacities and variable loss of vision. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012725 biolink:NamedThing lipoprotein glomerulopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012787 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 39 This syndrome is characterised by progressive spastic paraplegia and distal muscle wasting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013277 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 5 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPTAN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013389 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 12 An extremely rare nervous system disorder. Infants with EIEE12 develop very frequent epileptic seizures. Seizures present within the first days to months of life. Seizures may trigger eye rolling, eyelid fluttering, lip smacking, drooling, bluish coloring around the mouth, limpness, or muscle stiffening (particularly those in his or her back, legs, and arms). The seizures associated with this disease are difficult to treat and the syndrome is severely progressive. EIEE12 occurs when a child inherits two mutations in the PLCB1 gene (one from each parent). EIEE12 is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014003 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014505 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 27 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRIN2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014895 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 40 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017999 biolink:NamedThing fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration Fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration (FAHN) is a very rare, autosomal recessive form of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) characterized by childhood-onset focal dystonia, progressive spastic paraplegia that progresses to tetra paresis, ataxia, dysarthria, intellectual decline, and oculomotor disturbances (optic atrophy), accompanied by iron deposition in the globus pallidus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033203 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044737 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia due to kennedy pathway dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008869 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 1 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010900 biolink:NamedThing intrauterine growth retardation with increased mitomycin c sensitivity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013871 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 6 Any Seckel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEP63 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013922 biolink:NamedThing Seckel syndrome 7 Microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Dauber type is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by severe pre- and postnatal growth retardation, severe microcephaly, severe developmental delay and intelletual disability, severe adult short stature and facial dysmorphism (incl. hypotelorism, small ears, prominent nose). Other reported features include skeletal anomalies (Madelung deformity, clinodactyly, mild lumbar scoliosis, bilateral hip dysplasia) and seizures. Absence of thelarche and menarche is also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008870 biolink:NamedThing bird headed-dwarfism, Montreal type Microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Montreal type is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by severe short stature and craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, narrow face with flat cheeks, ptosis, prominent nose with a convex ridge, low-set ears with small or absent lobes, high-arched/cleft palate, micrognathia), associated with premature graying and loss of scalp hair, redundant, dry and wrinkled skin of the palms, premature senility and varying degrees of intellectual disability. Cryptorchidism and skeletal anomalies may also be observed. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1970. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009616 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Toriello type Microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Toriello type is characterised by growth retardation with prenatal onset, cataracts, microcephaly, intellectual deficit, immune deficiency, delayed ossification and enamel hypoplasia. It has been described in two siblings. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014031 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Alazami type Microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Alazami type is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome characterized by severe intellectual disability, distinct dysmorphic facial features (i.e. triangular face with prominent forehead, narrow palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes, low-set ears, broad nose, malar hypoplasia, short philtrum, macrostomia, widely spaced teeth) and pre and postnatal proportionate short stature, ranging from primordial dwarfism (height below -3.5 SD) to a milder phenotype with less severe growth restriction (height below -2.5 SD). Other reported features include skeletal findings (e.g. scoliosis), microcephaly, involuntary hand movements, hypersensitivity to stimuli and behavioral problems, such as anxiety. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016994 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism types I and III Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism (MOPD) types 1 and 3 are characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, skeletal dysplasia, low-birth weight and brain anomalies. Although MOPD types 1 and 3 were originally described as two separate entities on the basis of radiological criteria (notably small differences in pelvic and long bone structure), later reports confirmed that the two forms represent different modes of expression of the same syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018764 biolink:NamedThing microcephalic primordial dwarfism due to RTTN deficiency Microcephalic primordial dwarfism due to RTTN deficiency is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by primary microcephaly, profound short stature, moderate to severe intellectual disability, global developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphism (e.g. sloping forehead, high and broad nasal bridge) and variable brain malformations, including simplified gyration, pachygyria, polymicrogyria, reduced sulcation, dysgenesis of corpus callosum and deformed ventricles. Renal anomalies, bilateral hearing loss, multiple joint contractures, severe failure to thrive and a sacral lesion cephalad to the gluteal crease have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008874 biolink:NamedThing Bangstad syndrome Bangstad syndrome is a rare endocrine disease characterized by the association of primordial birdheaded nanism, progressive ataxia, goiter, primary gonadal insufficiency and insulin resistant diabetes mellitus. Plasma concentrations of TSH, PTH, LH, FSH, ACTH, glucagon, and insulin are usually elevated. A generalized cell membrane defect was suggested to be the pathophysiological abnormality in these patients. The mode of inheritance was thought to be autosomal recessive. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009985 biolink:NamedThing retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome is characterized by total colorblindness caused by progressive cone dystrophy, degenerative liver disease, and endocrine dysfunction (hypothyroidism, diabetes, repeated abortions or infertility). It has been described in six females from two sibships with a high degree of consanguinity, and in a male from another family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015079 biolink:NamedThing multiple polyglandular tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020629 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, growth restriction and increased sister chromatid exchange DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008877 biolink:NamedThing blue diaper syndrome Blue Diaper syndrome is a hereditary metabolic disorder characterised by hypercalcaemia with nephrocalcinosis and indicanuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009108 biolink:NamedThing hyperdibasic aminoaciduria type 1 Hyperdibasic aminoaciduria, type 1 is characterised by increased renal clearance of lysine, ornithine and arginine, in the presence of normal concentrations of cystine. Heterozygous individuals are asymptomatic but homozygotes display intellectual deficit. To date, 25 heterozygotes and one homozygote have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009109 biolink:NamedThing lysinuric protein intolerance Lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) is a very rare inherited multisystem condition caused by distrubance in amino acid metabolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009110 biolink:NamedThing dicarboxylic aminoaciduria Dicarboxylicaminoaciduria is characterised by infantile-onset hypoglycaemia and hyperprolinaemia associated, in certain cases, with intellectual deficit. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009324 biolink:NamedThing Hartnup disease Hartnup disease is a rare metabolic disorder belonging to the neutral aminoacidurias and characterized by abnormal renal and gastrointestinal transport of neutral amino acids (tryptophan, alanine, asparagine, glutamine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, tyrosine and valine). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009346 biolink:NamedThing histidinuria due to a renal tubular defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009448 biolink:NamedThing iminoglycinuria A metabolic disorder resulting from defective renal tube reabsorption of proline, hydroxyproline and glycine. The prevalence is estimated at around 1 in 15 000. The disorder is usually asymptomatic and is identified fortuitously by detection of increased levels of the imino acids and glycine in the urine. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017687 biolink:NamedThing disorder of neutral amino acid transport An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of neutral amino acid transport. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008878 biolink:NamedThing bone dysplasia, lethal Holmgren type Bone dysplasia lethal Holmgren type (BDLH) is a lethal bone dysplasia characterized at birth by low birth weight, a rhizomelic dwarfism, bent femora and short chest producing asphyxia. It was described in three siblings from healthy, non-consanguineous parents of Finnish and in four siblings from non-consanguineous parents of French origin with no family history of dwarfism. The initial cases could have been diagnosed as Desbuquois syndrome, or a recessive Larsen syndrome. There has been no further description of BDLH in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009498 biolink:NamedThing lethal Kniest-like dysplasia Lethal Kniest-like dysplasia is a severe lethal skeletal dysplasia. It has been described in two sibs (one male and one female) born to nonconsanguineous parents. It is characterized by dumbbell-shaped long bones with markedly shortened diaphyses and metaphyseal irregularities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009942 biolink:NamedThing pyknoachondrogenesis Pyknoachondrogenesis is a lethal skeletal osteochondrodysplasia characterized by severe generalized osteosclerosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011064 biolink:NamedThing lethal chondrodysplasia, Seller type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015424 biolink:NamedThing lethal chondrodysplasia, Moerman type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015425 biolink:NamedThing lethal recessive chondrodysplasia Lethal recessive chondrodysplasia is an extremely rare lethal form of chondrodysplasia characterized by severe micromelic dwarfism, short and incurved limbs with normal hands and feet, facial dysmorphism (disproportionately large skull, frontal prominence, slightly flattened nasal bridge and short neck), muscular hypotonia, hyperlaxity of the extremities, and a narrow thorax. Most patients die of respiratory distress during the first hours or weeks of life. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008887 biolink:NamedThing bronchiectasis with or without elevated sweat chloride 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013087 biolink:NamedThing bronchiectasis with or without elevated sweat chloride 2 Any bronchiectasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCNN1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013112 biolink:NamedThing bronchiectasis with or without elevated sweat chloride 3 Any bronchiectasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCNN1G gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015374 biolink:NamedThing primary central nervous system vasculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013867 biolink:NamedThing brown-Vialetto-van Laere syndrome 2 Any Brown-Vialetto-van Laere syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC52A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024537 biolink:NamedThing Brown-Vialetto-van Laere syndrome 1 Any Brown-Vialetto-van Laere syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC52A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008892 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1 PFIC1, a type of progressive familial intrahepathic cholestasis (PFIC), is an infantile hereditary disorder in bile formation that is hepatocellular in origin and associated with extrahepatic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009469 biolink:NamedThing benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 1 Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis 1 (BRIC1) is characterized by episodes of liver dysfunction called cholestasis, during which the liver cells have a reduced ability to release a digestive fluid called bile. These episodes can last from weeks to months, and the time between them, during which there are usually no symptoms, can vary from weeks to years.Most people with BRIC1have their first episode of cholestasisintheir teens or twenties. Symptoms oftenpresent with severe itchiness, followed by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice) a few weeks later. BRIC1 is caused by mutations in the ATP8B1 gene. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.BRIC1generally does not cause lasting damage to the liver. However, in rare cases, episodes of liver dysfunction may develop into a more severe, permanent form of liver disease known as progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). BRIC and PFIC are sometimes considered to be part of a spectrum of intrahepatic cholestasis disorders of varying severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011156 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2), a type of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), is a severe, neonatal, hereditary disorder in bile formation that is hepatocellular in origin and not associated with extrahepatic features. Initially, PFIC2 was reported under the name Byler syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011214 biolink:NamedThing progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3), a type of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), is a late-onset hereditary disorder in bile formation that is hepatocellular in origin. Onset may occur from infancy to young adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011497 biolink:NamedThing hereditary North American Indian childhood cirrhosis Hereditary North American Indian childhood cirrhosis is a severe autosomal recessive intrahepatic cholestasis that has only been described in aboriginal children from northwestern Quebec. Manifesting first as transient neonatal jaundice, the disease evolves into periportal fibrosis and cirrhosis during a period ranging from childhood to adolescence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014381 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 4 Any progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TJP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014884 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 5 Any progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NR1H4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018804 biolink:NamedThing MYO5B-related progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030360 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030503 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 7, with or without hearing loss DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030505 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030800 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030810 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030815 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031040 biolink:NamedThing cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008907 biolink:NamedThing PMM2-congenital disorder of glycosylation The most frequent form of congenital disorder of N-glycosylation and is characterized by cerebellar dysfunction, abnormal fat distribution, inverted nipples, strabismus and hypotonia. 3 forms of PMM2-CDG can be distinguished: the infantile multisystem type, late-infantile and childhood ataxia-intellectual disability type (3-10 yrs old), and the adult stable disability type. Infants usually develop ataxia, psychomotor delay and extraneurological manifestations including failure to thrive, enteropathy, hepatic dysfunction, coagulation abnormalities and cardiac and renal involvement. The phenotype is however highly variable and ranges from infants who die in the first year of life to mildly involved adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010472 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 36 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010998 biolink:NamedThing ALG3-congenital disorder of glycosylation A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by severe neurological involvement, including hypotonia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, postnatal microcephaly, and progressive brain and cerebellar atrophy. Epilepsy with hypsarrythmia is frequently reported. Additional features that may be observed include failure to thrive, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC), vision impairment (optic atrophy, iris coloboma) and facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism with a broad nasal bridge, large and thick ears, thin lips, micrognathia). The disease is caused by loss of function mutations of the gene ALG3 (3q27.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011291 biolink:NamedThing ALG6-congenital disorder of glycosylation 1C A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by feeding problems, mild-to-moderate neurologic involvement with hypotonia, poor head control, developmental delay, ataxia, strabismus, and seizures, ranging from febrile convulsions to epilepsy. Retinal degeneration has also been reported. A minority of patients show other manifestations, particularly intestinal (such as protein-losing enteropathy) and liver involvement. The disease is caused by loss of function mutations of the gene ALG6 (1p31.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011783 biolink:NamedThing ALG12-congenital disorder of glycosylation A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by facial dysmorphism (prominent forehead, large ears, thin upper lip), generalized hypotonia, feeding difficulties, moderate to severe developmental delay, progressive microcephaly, frequent upper respiratory tract infections due to impaired immunity with decreased immunoglobulin levels, and decreased coagulation factors. Additional features include hypogonadism with or without hypospadias in males, skeletal anomalies, seizures and cardiac anomalies in some cases. The disease is caused by loss of function mutations of the gene ALG12 (22q13.33). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011933 biolink:NamedThing ALG2-congenital disorder of glycosylation A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by iris coloboma, cataract, infantile spasms, developmental delay and abnormal coagulation factors. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene ALG2 (9q31.1). Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011964 biolink:NamedThing DPAGT1-congenital disorder of glycosylation DPAGT1-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by hypotonia, intractable seizures, developmental delay, microcephaly and severe fetal hypokinesia. Additional features that may be observed include apnea and respiratory deficiency, cataracts, joint contractures, vermian hypoplasia, dysmorphic features (esotropia, arched palate, micrognathia, finger clinodactyly, single flexion creases) and feeding difficulties. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene DPAGT1 (11q23.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012052 biolink:NamedThing ALG1-congenital disorder of glycosylation A severe form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by severe developmental and psychomotor delay, muscular hypotonia, intractable early-onset seizures, and microcephaly. Additional features include altered blood coagulation with a high probability of hemorrhages or thromboses, nephrotic syndrome, ascites, hepatomegaly, cardiomyopathy, ocular manifestations (strabismus, nystagmus), and immunodeficiency. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene ALG1 (16p13.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012117 biolink:NamedThing ALG9-congenital disorder of glycosylation A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by progressive microcephaly, hypotonia, developmental delay, drug-resistant infantile epilepsy, and hepatomegaly. Additional features that may be observed include failure to thrive, pericardial effusion, renal cysts, skeletal dysplasia, facial dysmorphism (frontal bossing, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, low-seated ears, large mouth) and hydrops fetalis. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene ALG9 (11q23). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012123 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1E The CDG (Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation) syndromes are a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting glycoprotein synthesis. CDG syndrome type Ie is characterised by psychomotor delay, seizures, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism and microcephaly. Ocular anomalies are also very common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012211 biolink:NamedThing MPDU1-congenital disorder of glycosylation The CDG (Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation) syndromes are a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting glycoprotein synthesis. CDG syndrome type If is characterised by psychomotor delay, seizures, failure to thrive, and cutaneous and ocular anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012885 biolink:NamedThing SRD5A3-congenital disorder of glycosylation A rare, non X-linked congenital disorder of gyclosylation due to steroid 5 alpha reductase type 3 deficiency characterized by a highly variable phenotype typically presenting with severe visual impairment, variable ocular anomalies (such as optic nerve hypoplasia/atrophy, iris and optic nerve coloboma, congenital cataract, glaucoma), intellectual disability, cerebellar abnormalities, nystagmus, hypotonia, ataxia, and/or ichthyosiform skin lesions. Other reported manifestations include retinitis pigmentosa, kyphosis, congenital heart defects, hypertrichosis and abnormal coagulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013349 biolink:NamedThing ALG11-congenital disorder of glycosylation A form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by facial dysmorphism (microcephaly, high forehead, low posterior hairline, strabismus), hypotonia, failure to thrive, intractable seizures, developmental delay, persistent vomiting and gastric bleeding. Additional features that may be observed include fat pads anomalies, inverted nipples, and body temperature oscillation. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene ALG11 (13q14.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013789 biolink:NamedThing DDOST-congenital disorder of glycosylation DDOST-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by failure to thrive, developmental delay, hypotonia, strabismus and hepatic dysfunction. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene DDOST (1p36.1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013968 biolink:NamedThing PGM1-congenital disorder of glycosylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014270 biolink:NamedThing STT3A-congenital disorder of glycosylation STT3A-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, failure to thrive, hypotonia and seizures. STT3A-CDG is caused by mutations in the gene STT3A (11q23.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014271 biolink:NamedThing STT3B-congenital disorder of glycosylation STT3B-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, microcephaly, failure to thrive, developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, seizures, optic nerve atrophy and respiratory difficulties. Genital abnormalities (micropenis, hypoplastic scrotum, undescended testes) have also been reported. STT3B-CDG is caused by mutations in the gene STT3B (3p24.1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014647 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 50 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014904 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type IAA DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026729 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type ICC DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0300000 biolink:NamedThing SSR3-CDG A congenital disorder of glycosylation with a SSR3 deficiency that affects the brain, lungs and gastrointestinal system, and presents with clinical phenotypes such as seizures, intellectual disability, developmental delay, microcephaly and abnormal brain structure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011629 biolink:NamedThing MOGS-congenital disorder of glycosylation MOGS-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by generalized hypotonia, craniofacial dysmorphism (prominent occiput, short palpebral fissures, long eyelashes, broad nose, high arched palate , retrognathia), hypoplastic genitalia, seizures, feeding difficulties, hypoventilation, severe hypogammaglobulinemia with generalized edema, and increased resistance to particular viral infections (particularly to enveloped viruses). The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene MOGS (2p13.1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018349 biolink:NamedThing MAN1B1-congenital disorder of glycosylation MAN1B1-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by intellectual disability, delayed motor development, hypotonia and truncal obesity. Additional features include slight facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, large, low-set ears, hypoplastic nasolabial fold, thin upper lip), hypermobility of the joints and skin laxity. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene MAN1B1 (9q34.3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012635 biolink:NamedThing COG8-congenital disorder of glycosylation The CDG (Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation) syndromes are a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting glycoprotein synthesis. CDG syndrome type IIh is characterised by severe psychomotor retardation, failure to thrive and intolerance to wheat and dairy products. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013281 biolink:NamedThing COG4-congenital disorder of glycosylation COG4-CDG is an extremely rare form of CDG syndrome characterized clinically in the single reported case to date by seizures, some dysmorphic features, axial hyponia, slight peripheral hypertonia and hyperreflexia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013810 biolink:NamedThing COG6-ongenital disorder of glycosylation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014789 biolink:NamedThing CCDC115-CDG DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014790 biolink:NamedThing TMEM199-CDG DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026765 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type IIr DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030043 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type iit DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030423 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type 2v DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030437 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type IIw DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054559 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation, type IIq DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008911 biolink:NamedThing cardiac lipidosis, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008913 biolink:NamedThing cardiac valvular defect, developmental DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011614 biolink:NamedThing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency (HMG-CoA synthase deficiency) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited disorder of ketone body metabolism, reported in less than 20 patients to date, characterized clinically by episodes of decompensation (often associated with gastroenteritis or fasting) that present with vomiting, lethargy, hepatomegaly, non ketotic hypoglycemia and, in rare cases, coma. Patients are mostly asymptomatic between acute epidodes. HMG-CoA synthase deficiency requires an early diagnosis in order to avoid hypoglycemic crises that can lead to permanent brain damage or death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012624 biolink:NamedThing acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 9 deficiency A rare disorder leading to a deficiency of complex I of the respiratory chain and is characterized by neurological dysfunction, hepatic failure and cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017715 biolink:NamedThing 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017716 biolink:NamedThing disorder of carnitine cycle and carnitine transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009705 biolink:NamedThing carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A deficiency Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT-1A) deficiency is an inborn error of metabolism that affects mitochondrial oxidation of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) in the liver and kidneys, and is characterized by recurrent attacks of fasting-induced hypoketotic hypoglycemia and risk of liver failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008921 biolink:NamedThing carnosinemia Carnosinemia is a very rare inherited disorder that presents with serum carnosinase deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016801 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial substrate carrier disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013056 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 39 A rare mitochondrial substrate carrier disorder characterized by severe muscular hypotonia, seizures (with or without episodic apnea) beginning in the first year of life, and arrested psychomotor development (affecting mainly motor skills). Severe spasticity with hyperreflexia has also been reported. Global cerebral hypomyelination is a characteristic imaging feature of this disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014775 biolink:NamedThing combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 28 Any combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC25A26 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014545 biolink:NamedThing progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 8 Any progressive myoclonic epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CERS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011283 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012301 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, myopathic form Myopathic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndrome is one of the main forms of mtDNA depletion syndrome that displays a broad phenotypic spectrum but that is most often characterized by hypotonia, proximal muscle weakness, facial and bulbar weakness and failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013350 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4b DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013776 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia 5 Early-onset spastic ataxia-myoclonic epilepsy-neuropathy syndrome is a rare hereditary spastic ataxia disorder characterized by childhood onset of slowly progressive lower limb spastic paraparesis and cerebellar ataxia (with dysarthria, swallowing difficulties, motor degeneration), associated with sensorimotor neuropathy (including muscle weakness and distal amyotrophy in lower extremities) and progressive myoclonic epilepsy. Ocular signs (ptosis, oculomotor apraxia), dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia, dystonic movements and myoclonus may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014039 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 11 Progressive external ophthalmoplegia-myopathy-emaciation syndrome is a rare mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder due to nuclear DNA anomalies characterized by progressive external ophthalmoplegia without diplopia, cerebellar atrophy, proximal skeletal muscle weakness with generalized muscle wasting, profound emaciation, respiratory failure, spinal deformity and facial muscle weakness (manifesting with ptosis, dysphonia, dysphagia and nasal speech). Intellectual disability, gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea, abdominal fullness, and loss of appetite), dilated cardiomyopathy and renal colic have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014175 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 12B (cardiomyopathic type), autosomal recessive An inherited condition caused by mutation(s) in the SLC25A4 gene, encoding ADP/ATP translocase 1. It is characterized by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014820 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 14 (cardioencephalomyopathic type) Any mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OPA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014943 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 15 (hepatocerebral type); Any mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TFAM gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014959 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 12A (cardiomyopathic type), autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016796 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form is a group of mitochondrial DNA maintenance syndrome diseases characterized by predominantly neuromuscular manifestations with typically infantile onset of hypotonia, lactic acidosis, psychomotor delay, progressive hyperkinetic-dystonic movement disorders, external ophtalmoplegia, sensosineural hearing loss, generalized seizures and variable renal tubular dysfunction. It may be associated with a broad range of other clinical features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030326 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial dna depletion syndrome 16B (neuroophthalmic type) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030696 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 20 (mngie type) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032799 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 16 (hepatic type) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032815 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032932 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033545 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008938 biolink:NamedThing early-onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes Early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained reflexes (EOCARR) or Harding ataxia is a cerebellar ataxia characterized by the progressive association of a cerebellar and pyramidal syndrome with progressive cerebellar ataxia, brisk tendon reflexes, and sometimes profound sensory loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020046 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive degenerative and progressive cerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017114 biolink:NamedThing global cerebellar malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008943 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 2 The disorders involving primarily the cerebellar parenchyma have been classified into six forms. In cerebelloparenchymal disorder III, cerebellar ataxia is congenital (non-progressive) and characterized by cerebellar symptoms such as incoordination of gait often associated with poor coordination of hands, speech and eye movements. The other features are congenital mental retardation and hypotonia, in addition to other neurological and non-neurological features. MRI or CT scan show marked atrophy of the vermis and hemispheres. A severe loss of granule cells with heterotopic Purkinje cells is observed. The mode of inheritance in the few reported families is autosomal recessive. In one family, cerebellar ataxia was associated to albinism.: In a large inbred Lebanese family the disease locus was assigned to a 12.1-cM interval on chromosome 9q34-qter between markers D9S67 and D9S312. The primary biochemical defect remains unknown. Up to now, the only treatment has consisted in early interventional therapies including intensive speech therapy and adequate stimulation and/or training. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020043 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital cerebellar ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011025 biolink:NamedThing Cayman type cerebellar ataxia Cerebellar ataxia, Cayman type is characterised by psychomotor retardation, hypotonia and cerebellar dysfunction (nystagmus, ataxic gait, truncal ataxia, dysarthric speech and intention tremor), associated with cerebellar hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014503 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 17 Any autosomal recessive congenital cerebellar ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CWF19L1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015369 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome and related disorders Joubert syndrome (JS) and related disorders (JSRD) are a group of developmental delay/multiple congenital anomaly syndromes in which the mandatory feature is the "molar tooth sign'' (MTS), a complex midbrain-hindbrain malformation recognizable on brain imaging. The MTS is characterized by cerebellar vermis hypodysplasia, thickening and malorientation of the superior cerebellar peduncles and abnormally deep interpeduncular fossa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019374 biolink:NamedThing CAMOS syndrome CAMOS syndrome is characterised by the association of a non-progressive congenital ataxia, severe intellectual deficit, optic atrophy and structural anomalies of the skin vessels. It has been described in five children from a large consanguineous Lebanese family. Short stature and microcephaly were also reported. Transmission is autosomal recessive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033717 biolink:NamedThing congenital cerebellar ataxia due to RNU12 mutation A rare hereditary ataxia characterized by delayed motor milestones in early infancy, hypotonia, ataxic gait, intention tremor, nystagmus, dysarthric speech, and variable learning difficulties. Neuroimaging shows a mixed picture of cerebellar hypoplasia and degeneration, with an almost absent inferior lobule and thinning of the folia of the vermis. In addition, cisterna magna and fourth ventricle are enlarged with relative sparing of the brain stem volume. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008944 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 1 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the INPP5E gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010431 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 10 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OFD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011963 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 2 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM216 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012078 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 3 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AHI1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012308 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome with renal defect A rare subtype of Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) characterized by the neurological features of JS associated with renal disease, in the absence of retinopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012432 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 5 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEP290 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012539 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 6 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM67 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012694 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 7 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RPGRIP1L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012849 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 9 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CC2D2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012855 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 8 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARL13B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013608 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 13 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCTN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013745 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 14 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM237 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013763 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 15 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEP41 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013764 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 16 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM138 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013824 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 17 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CPLANE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013896 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 18 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCTN3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013994 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 20 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM231 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014288 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 21 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CSPP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014297 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 22 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE6D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014664 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 23 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIAA0586 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014724 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 24 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCTN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014770 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 25 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEP104 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014771 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 26 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIAA0556 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014927 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 27 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the B9D1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014928 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 28 Any Joubert syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MKS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030353 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 38 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030454 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 39 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030462 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 40 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030933 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 37 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032570 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 35 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032902 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 36 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033308 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 30 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033309 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 32 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033310 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 31 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033311 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 33 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800363 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800372 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 29 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800382 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800383 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome 34 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017165 biolink:NamedThing bile acid CoA ligase deficiency and defective amidation Bile acid CoA ligase deficiency and defective amidation is an anomaly of bile acid synthesis characterized by fat malabsorption, neonatal cholestasis and growth failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100327 biolink:NamedThing hypercholanemia, familial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009265 biolink:NamedThing Gaucher disease type I Gaucher disease type 1 is the chronic non-neurological form of Gaucher disease (GD) characterized by organomegaly, bone involvement and cytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009266 biolink:NamedThing Gaucher disease type II Gaucher disease type 2 is the acute neurological form of Gaucher disease (GD). It is characterized by early-onset and severe neurological involvement of the brainstem, associated with an organomegaly and generally leading to death before the age of 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009267 biolink:NamedThing Gaucher disease type III Gaucher disease type 3 is the subacute neurological form of Gaucher disease (GD) characterized by progressive encephalopathy and associated with the systemic manifestations (organomegaly, bone involvement, cytopenia) of GD type 1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016091 biolink:NamedThing adult Krabbe disease A Krabbe disease that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019261 biolink:NamedThing infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis A form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) characterized by onset during the second half of the first year of life and rapid mental and motor deterioration leading to loss of all psychomotor abilities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045016 biolink:NamedThing cholesterol catabolic process disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of cholesterol catabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008950 biolink:NamedThing cerebral sclerosis similar to Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017221 biolink:NamedThing Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, connatal form The connatal form of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is the most severe form of PMD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017222 biolink:NamedThing Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, classic form The classic form of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is the infantile form of PMD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017223 biolink:NamedThing Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, transitional form The transitional form of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is the intermediate form of PMD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017224 biolink:NamedThing Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease in female carriers Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) in female carriers is the presentation of PMD in some women carrying mutations in the PLP1 gene (Xq22). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017225 biolink:NamedThing null syndrome The null syndrome is part of the Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) spectrum and is characterized by mild PMD features associated with demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008953 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 1A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100259 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX1 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011101 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 1B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008955 biolink:NamedThing cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome 1 Any COFS syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012553 biolink:NamedThing cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome 2 Any COFS syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012554 biolink:NamedThing cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome 4 Any COFS syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014696 biolink:NamedThing cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008960 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-hearing loss-intellectual disability syndrome A rare demyelinating hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by early-onset, slowly progressive, distal muscular weakness and atrophy with no sensory impairment, congenital sensorineural deafness and mild intellectual disability (with absence of normal speech development). The absence of large myelinated fibers on sural nerve biopsy is equally characteristic of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018995 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 (CMT4) belongs to the genetically heterogeneous group of CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008961 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4A (CMT4A) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 characterized by early-onset (infancy to early childhood) of severe, rapidly progressing demyelinating, axonal, or intermediate sensorimotor neuropathy usually affecting first, and more severely, the distal lower extremities and later the proximal muscles and upper extremities. Nerve conduction velocities range from very slow to normal. Apart from the typical CMT phenotype (distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, frequent pes cavus foot deformity), patients commonly present delayed motor development, vocal cord paresis, mild sensory loss, abolished deep tendon reflexes, and skeletal deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012014 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease recessive intermediate A Autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type A is a subtype of autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease characterized by severe, early childhood-onset CMT neuropathy with prominent pes equinovarus deformity and impairment of hand muscles. Nerve conduction velocities usually range between 25-35 m/s and both axonal and demyelinating changes are observed on peripheral nerve pathology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011898 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, with vocal cord paresis, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011066 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B1 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B1 (CMT4B1) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 characterized by an early childhood-onset of severe, demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, various degrees of complex myelin outfoldings seen on peripheral nerve biopsy, very slow, and often undetectable, nerve conduction velocities, and the typical CMT phenotype (i.e. distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, and frequent pes cavus). Other reported features include facial weakness, vocal cord paresis, respiratory difficulties, and skeletal deformities (e.g. chest deformities, claw hands, pes equinovarus). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011085 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D (CMT4D) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 characterized by a childhood-onset of severe, progressive, demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy manifesting with distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensorineural hearing impairment leading to deafness (usually in third decade), severely reduced nerve conduction velocities, and skeletal, especially foot, deformities. Tongue atrophy has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011113 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4C Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4C (CMT4C) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4 characterized by childhood or adolescent-onset of a relatively mild, demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy that contrasts with a severe, rapidly progressing, early-onset scoliosis, and the typical CMT phenotype (i.e. distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, and often foot deformity). A wide spectrum of nerve conduction velocities are observed and cranial nerve involvement and kyphoscoliosis have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011475 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B2 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B2 (CMT4B2) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4 characterized by a severe, early childhood-onset of demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, early-onset glaucoma, focally folded myelin sheaths in the peripheral nerves, severely reduced nerve conduction velocities, and the typical CMT phenotype (i.e. distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, and frequent pes cavus). Severe visual impairment leading to visual loss has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011527 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4E Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4E (CMT4E) is a congenital, hypomyelinating subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 characterized by a Dejerine-Sottas syndrome-like phenotype (incl. hypotonia and/or delayed motor development in infancy), extremely slow nerve conduction velocities, potential respiratory dysfunction, cranial nerve involvement, and the typical CMT phenotype, i.e. distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, and foot deformity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012250 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4H Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4H (CMT4H) is a demyelinating CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012640 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4J Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4J (CMT4J) belongs to the genetically heterogeneous group of CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013959 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4F Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4F (CMT4F) is a severe, demyelinating subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 characterized by the childhood onset of a slowly-progressing typical CMT phenotype (i.e. distal muscle weakness and atrophy, as well as pes cavus) that presents severe sensory loss (frequently with sensory ataxia), moderately to severely reduced motor nerve conduction velocities and almost invariable absence of sensory nerve action potentials, and delayed motor milestones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014117 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B3 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B3 (CMT4B3) is a subtype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4 characterized by a childhood onset of slowly progressing, demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, focally folded myelin sheaths in nerve biopsy, reduced nerve conduction velocities (less than 38 m/s), and the typical CMT phenotype (i.e. distal muscle weakness and atrophy, and sensory loss). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018306 biolink:NamedThing Griscelli syndrome Griscelli syndrome (GS) is characterised by silvery gray sheen of the hair and hypopigmentation of the skin which can be associated to neurological impairment (type 1), immunodeficiency (type 2) or be isolated (type 3). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012220 biolink:NamedThing Griscelli syndrome type 3 A Griscelli syndrome characterized by isolated silvery gray sheen of the hair and hypopigmentation of the skin that has material basis in mutation in the MLPH or MYO5A genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011336 biolink:NamedThing familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 4 Any genetic hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STX11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011337 biolink:NamedThing familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 2 Any genetic hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012146 biolink:NamedThing familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 3 Any genetic hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UNC13D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013135 biolink:NamedThing familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 5 Any genetic hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STXBP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013606 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 9 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BLOC1S6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033557 biolink:NamedThing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800147 biolink:NamedThing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to RhoG deficiency Any genetic hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in which the cause of the disease is an autosomal recessive variation in the RHOG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008964 biolink:NamedThing congenital secretory chloride diarrhea 1 Any secretory diarrhea in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC26A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015170 biolink:NamedThing congenital sodium diarrhea Congenital sodium diarrhea is characterized by severe watery diarrhea containing high concentrations of sodium, hyponatremia and metabolic acidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045032 biolink:NamedThing congenital secretory diarrhea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009635 biolink:NamedThing microvillus inclusion disease Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a very rare, severe, malabsorbative syndrome characterized clinically by protracted or intractable neonatal secretory diarrhea and histologically by inclusion bodies on the intestinal epithelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010036 biolink:NamedThing congenital secretory sodium diarrhea 3 Any secretory diarrhea in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPINT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013184 biolink:NamedThing congenital diarrhea 5 with tufting enteropathy Congenital Tufting Enteropathy is a rare congenital enteropathy presenting with early-onset severe and intractable diarrhea that leads to irreversible intestinal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014808 biolink:NamedThing congenital secretory sodium diarrhea 8 Any secretory diarrhea in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC9A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009338 biolink:NamedThing hepatic veno-occlusive disease-immunodeficiency syndrome Hepatic veno-occlusive disease-immunodeficiency syndrome is characterized by the association of severe hypogammaglobulinemia, combined T and B cell immunodeficiency, absent lymph node germinal centers, absent tissue plasma cells and hepatic veno-occlusive disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010123 biolink:NamedThing absent thumb-short stature-immunodeficiency syndrome An exceedingly rare, autosomal recessive immune disease characterized by thumb aplasia, short stature with skeletal abnormalities, and combined immunodeficiency described in three sibships from two possibly related families. The skeletal abnormalities included unfused olecranon and the immunodeficiency manifested with severe chickenpox and chronic candidiasis. No new cases have been reported since 1978. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010293 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia and immune deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015132 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency predominantly affecting antibody production DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015695 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to CRAC channel dysfunction A form of combined immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent infections, autoimmunity, congenital myopathy and ectodermal dysplasia. It comprises two sub-types that are due to mutations in the ORAI1 and STIM1 genes: CID due to ORAI1 deficiency and CID due to STIM1 deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015708 biolink:NamedThing immuno-osseous dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013681 biolink:NamedThing alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency A rare disorder caused by mutation in the AMACR gene. Racemization is the prerequisite to beta-oxidation for branched chain fatty acids and bile acids. It is characterized by neurological abnormalities that appear in adulthood and include cognitive decline, seizures, and sensorimotor neuropathy. AMACR deficiency rarely presents as liver disease in infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018841 biolink:NamedThing congenital bile acid synthesis defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009339 biolink:NamedThing congenital bile acid synthesis defect 2 Congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 2 (BAS defect type 2) is an anomaly of bile acid synthesis characterized by severe and rapidly progressive cholestatic liver disease, and malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011906 biolink:NamedThing congenital bile acid synthesis defect 1 Congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 1 (BAS defect type 1) is the most common anomaly of bile acid synthesis characterized by variable manifestations of progressive cholestatic liver disease, and fat malabsorption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013439 biolink:NamedThing congenital bile acid synthesis defect 3 Congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 3 (BAS defect type 3) is a severe anomaly of bile acid synthesis characterized by severe neonatal cholestatic liver disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014564 biolink:NamedThing congenital bile acid synthesis defect 5 Any congenital bile acid synthesis defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCD3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015015 biolink:NamedThing congenital bile acid synthesis defect 6 Any congenital bile acid synthesis defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACOX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009112 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 2 Any rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GNPAT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010823 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 3 Any rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AGPS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100272 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX7 defect Any peroxisome biogenesis disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100307 biolink:NamedThing adult Refsum disease due to PEX7 defect An adult Refsum disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010498 biolink:NamedThing MEND syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014793 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-congenital cataract-psoriasiform dermatitis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045017 biolink:NamedThing cholesterol biosynthetic process disease A disease that has its basis in the disruption of cholesterol biosynthetic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019408 biolink:NamedThing Astley-Kendall dysplasia Astley-Kendall dysplasia is a lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by short limbed dwarfism, osteogenesis imperfecta, and punctate calcification within cartilage. It has been described in less than ten cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020473 biolink:NamedThing dappled diaphyseal dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008984 biolink:NamedThing ciliary discoordination due to random ciliary orientation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008985 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia with transposition of ciliary microtubules DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009449 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia with defective radial spokes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009450 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia with excessively long cilia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009484 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 1 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAI1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010517 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 36, X-linked Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIH1D3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011718 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 2 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAAF3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012085 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 3 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAH5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012087 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 4 A primary ciliary dyskinesia that is characterized by partial absence of the inner dynein arms with variable occurrence of situs inversus and has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 15q13.1-q15.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012088 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 5 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HYDIN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012571 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 6 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NME8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012748 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 7 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAH11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012844 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 8 A primary ciliary dyskinesia that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 15q24-q25. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012906 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 9 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAI2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012918 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 10 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAAF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012978 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 11 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RSPH4A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012979 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 12 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RSPH9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013174 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 13 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAAF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013434 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 14 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC39 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013435 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 15 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC40 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013525 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 16 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013854 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 17 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC103 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013940 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 18 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAAF5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013979 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 19 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRRC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014030 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 20 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC114 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014123 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 21 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DRC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014192 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 22 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZMYND10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014193 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 23 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARMC4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014202 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 24 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RSPH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014203 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 25 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAAF4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014211 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 26 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CFAP298 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014215 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 27 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC65 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014216 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 28 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPAG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014378 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 29 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCNO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014465 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 30 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC151 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014657 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 32 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RSPH3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014750 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 33 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GAS8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014909 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 34 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAJB13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014910 biolink:NamedThing primary ciliary dyskinesia 35 Any primary ciliary dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTC25 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030332 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 46 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030346 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 47, and lissencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031054 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 48, without situs inversus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032637 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 39 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032664 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 40 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032757 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 41 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032872 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 42 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032874 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 43 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032914 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 44 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032924 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 45 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033204 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 37 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054843 biolink:NamedThing ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 38 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008990 biolink:NamedThing cleft larynx, posterior DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017220 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheoesophageal cleft type 0 Laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft (LC) type 0 is a congenital respiratory tract anomaly characterized by a submucosal laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft with minor symptoms or an asymptomatic course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019761 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheoesophageal cleft type 1 Laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft (LC) type 1 is a congenital respiratory tract anomaly characterized by a supraglottic, interarytenoid cleft above the vocal folds with moderate respiratory symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019762 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheoesophageal cleft type 2 Laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft (LC) type 2 is a congenital respiratory tract anomaly characterized by a cleft extending below the vocal folds into the cricoid cartilage, with swallowing disorders and lung infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019763 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheoesophageal cleft type 3 Laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft (LC) type 3 is a congenital respiratory tract anomaly characterized by a cleft extending through the cricoid cartilage, sometimes into the cervical trachea, with severe swallowing disorders, lung infections and pulmonary damage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019764 biolink:NamedThing laryngotracheoesophageal cleft type 4 Laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft (LC) type 4 is a serious congenital respiratory tract anomaly characterized by a cleft extending into the thoracic trachea and possibly down to the carina, with respiratory distress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008994 biolink:NamedThing cleidocranial dysplasia, recessive form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0008998 biolink:NamedThing Cockayne syndrome type 3 Cockayne syndrome type III, also known as the mild form of Cockayne syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder that causes early (premature) aging. Unlike the more severe forms of this condition, individuals with Cockayne syndrome type III can have normal growth and development. Symptoms may include sunlight sensitivity (photosensitivity), hearing loss, eye and bone abnormalities, and changes to the brain that can be seen on imaging (brain MRIs). In general, symptoms of Cockayne syndrome type III are usually not noticeable until later in childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019569 biolink:NamedThing Cockayne syndrome type 1 Cockayne syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the ERCC8 gene, encoding DNA excision repair protein ERCC-8. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019570 biolink:NamedThing Cockayne syndrome type 2 Cockayne syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the ERCC6 gene, encoding DNA excision repair protein ERCC-6. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100506 biolink:NamedThing Cockayne spectrum with or without cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome An autosomal recessive, multisystem condition caused by pathogenic variants of the ERCC6 gene, encoding the DNA excision repair protein, ERCC-6. Cockayne spectrum with or without cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome is characterized by growth failure at birth, with little or no postnatal neurologic development in addition to congenital cataracts or other structural anomalies of the eye, early postnatal contractures of the spine (kyphosis, scoliosis) and joints, and death usually occurring by age five years. This term lumps Cockayne syndrome type 2/B (CSB), cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome 1 (COFS syndrome), and De Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome into a spectrum of disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009003 biolink:NamedThing achromatopsia 2 Achromatopsia 2 is a condition that affects the color vision. Most people have complete achromatopsia which is characterized by a total absence of color vision (only able to see black, white and shades of gray). Rarely, affected people may have incomplete achromatopsia which is associated with some color discrimination. Other common signs and symptoms include reduced visual acuity, involuntary back-and-forth eye movements, increased sensitivity to light (photophobia), and hyperopia (farsightedness). Achromatopsia 2 is caused by changes (mutations) in the CNGA3 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Although color discrimination cannot be improved, treatments are available to address some of the other associated symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009875 biolink:NamedThing achromatopsia 3 Any achromatopsia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CNGB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012398 biolink:NamedThing retinal cone dystrophy 3A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013465 biolink:NamedThing achromatopsia 4 Any achromatopsia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GNAT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014677 biolink:NamedThing achromatopsia 7 Any achromatopsia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013343 biolink:NamedThing C1Q deficiency C1q deficiency is a rare disorder associated with recurrent skin lesions, chronic infections, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or SLE-like diseases. It has also been associated with a kidney disease known as mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. C1q is a complex and together with other proteins, C1r and C1s, it forms the C1 complex. This complex is important for the activation of the complement system (a group of proteins that work with the immune system). It also disposes cells that are dead. C1q deficiency presents in 2 different forms, absent C1q protein or abnormal C1q protein. Symptoms include infections (ear infections (otitis media), meningitis, urinary tract infections, oral infections); skin lesions (small blisters (vesicles), dark patches, and atrophic areas) that get worse upon light exposure; cataracts; loss of eyelashes, eyebrows, and scalp hair; blood in urine; and glomerulonephritis. About 93% of cases are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. It can be caused by mutations in the C1QA, C1QB or C1QC genes and is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Treatment depends on the symptoms. Recently, it was shown that C1q production can be restored by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, a procedure in which a person receives blood-forming stem cells (cells from which all blood cells develop) from a genetically similar, but not identical donor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018342 biolink:NamedThing Joubert syndrome with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy Joubert syndrome with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (JATD) is an extremely rare genetic bone disorder characterized by the classic features of Joubert syndrome (i.e. malformation of the brainstem causing ataxia, hypotonia,cognitive impairment, and abnormal eyemovements), associated with the skeletal anomalies found in JATD including short-rib dysplasia and narrow thorax causing respiratory failure, short limbs, and metaphyseal changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019662 biolink:NamedThing short rib-polydactyly syndrome, Majewski type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009071 biolink:NamedThing hereditary renal hypouricemia Hereditary renal hypouricemia (HRH) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited renal membrane transport disorder affecting urate reabsorption in the proximal tubules leading to usually asymptomatic hypouricemia and predisposing to urolithiasis and exercise induced acute renal failure (EIARF). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010356 biolink:NamedThing nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis Nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (NSIAD) is a rare genetic disorder of water balance, closely resembling the far more frequent syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic secretion (SIAD), and characterized by euvolemic hypotonic hyponatremia due to impaired free water excretion and undetectable or low plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016579 biolink:NamedThing dominant hypophosphatemia with nephrolithiasis or osteoporosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019394 biolink:NamedThing Senior-Boichis syndrome Boichis syndrome consists of the association of congenital nephronophthisis leading to renal failure, and hepatic fibrosis. It has been described in five members of one family, two of whom died from renal failure. The association of Boichis syndrome with tapetoretinal degeneration and intellectual deficit has also been reported in one family: the so-called Senior-Boichis syndrome could be in fact the same entity, and was later reported in a 12 year-old child. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014596 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly 7 with cerebellar hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014992 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly 8 Any lissencephaly (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMTC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015146 biolink:NamedThing classic lissencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015204 biolink:NamedThing microlissencephaly Microlissencephaly describes a heterogenous group of a rare cortical malformations characterized by lissencephaly in combination with severe congenital microcephaly, presenting with spasticity, severe developmental delay, and seizures and with survival varying from days to years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019450 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia (LCH) is a variant form of lissencephaly and involves a heterogeneous group of cortical malformations without severe congenital microcephaly (>-3 SD). LCH is characterized by cerebellar underdevelopment ranging from vermian hypoplasia to total aplasia with classical or cobblestone lissencephaly. The phenotypic features of LCH include small head circumference (between -2 and -3 standard deviations (SD) forage) at birth and postnatally, moderate to severe intellectual disability, hypotonia and spasticity. Seizures are often observed and infantile spasms have been reported in some rare cases. LCH has been classified into six subgroups according to neuroradiographic properties and are classified LCH type A to F. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030031 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032677 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020711 biolink:NamedThing selective peripheral resistance to thyroid hormone A thyroid hormone resistance syndrome characterized by resistance in peripheral tissues but not in the pituitary. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034216 biolink:NamedThing resistance to thyroid hormone due to a mutation in thyroid hormone receptor alpha DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020529 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) independent Cushing syndrome is a form of endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS) that may result from excess secretion of cortisol by either a unilateral and benign (adrenocortical adenoma: 55-60%) or malignant (adrenocortical carcinoma: 35-40 %) adrenocortical tumor or by bilateral adrenal secretion by macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH), as an isolated disease or as part of McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS), or by primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD), as an isolated disease or as part of Carney complex (CNC). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800377 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-independent adrenal Cushing syndrome, somatic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020527 biolink:NamedThing ectopic Cushing syndrome Cushing syndrome due to ectopic (adrenocorticotropic hormone) ACTH secretion (EAS) is a form of ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome caused by excess secretion of ACTH by a benign or, more often, malignant non-pituitary tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009052 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type 1A An autosomal recessive cutis laxa type I that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the FBLN5 gene on chromosome 14q32. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013754 biolink:NamedThing cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type 1B An autosomal recessive cutis laxa type I characterized by disturbed elastic fiber formation resulting in severe systemic connective tissue abnormalities that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the EFEMP2 gene on chromosome 11q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100126 biolink:NamedThing P5CS deficiency An inborn error of proline/orinthine metabolism that covers a wide spectrum of phenotypes and is caused by pathogenic variants in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 18 family member A1 (ALDH18A1) gene. These variants lead to a variety of neurocutaneous and motor syndromes characterized by cutis laxa, connective tissue weakness, facial dysmorphism, growth restriction, developmental delay, cataracts, hypotonia, hypertonia, and amyotrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014702 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia type 9B Any autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALDH18A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016239 biolink:NamedThing cystinosis Cystinosis is a metabolic disease characterized by an accumulation of cystine inside the lysosomes, causing damage in different organs and tissues, particularly in the kidneys and eyes. Three clinical forms have been described: nephropathic infantile, nephropathic juvenile and ocular. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009068 biolink:NamedThing cytochrome-c oxidase deficiency disease A very rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by deficiency of the enzyme cytochrome-C oxidase. It may be manifested as an isolated myopathy or a systemic disorder. Signs and symptoms include myotonia, dysfunction of the heart, kidney, and brain, and lactic acidosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011421 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex V (ATP synthase) deficiency, nuclear type 1 Any mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATPAF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013546 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex V (ATP synthase) deficiency nuclear type 2 A mitochondrial complex deficiency characterized by early neonatal onset of hypotonia, hypetrophic cardiomyopathy and apneic spells within hours after birth accompanied by lactic acidosis, hyperammonemia and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013547 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex V (ATP synthase) deficiency nuclear type 3 Any mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP5F1E gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014091 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex V (ATP synthase) deficiency nuclear type 4 Any mitochondrial complex deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP5F1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015448 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex III deficiency Isolated complex III deficiency is a rare, genetic, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from isolated myopathy or transient hepatopathy to severe multisystem disorder (that may include hypotonia, failure to thrive, psychomotor delay, cardiomyopathy, encephalopathy, renal tubulopathy, hearing impairment, lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia and other signs and symptoms). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020858 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 5 (ATP synthase) deficiency nuclear type 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033885 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear-type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100133 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex I deficiency A type of mitochondrial disease charcterized by macrocephaly (large head) with progressive leukodystrophy, encephalopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myopathy, liver disease, Leigh syndrome, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, and some forms of Parkinson disease. The disease is caused by mutations in any of many genes and the inheritance pattern depends on the responsible gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100294 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex II deficiency, nuclear type 1 Complex II deficiency is a mitochondrial disease. Mitochondria are specialized compartments in cells that create more than 90% of the energy needed by the body. In mitochondrial diseases, the mitochondria don't work correctly resulting in less energy in the cell, cell injury and cell death. The signs and symptoms of mitochondrial complex II deficiency can vary greatly from severe life-threatening symptoms in infancy to muscle disease beginning in adulthood. Complex II deficiency can be caused by mutations in the SDHA, SDHB, SDHD, or SDHAF1 genes. In many cases the underlying gene mutations cannot be identified. Complex II deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. Complex II deficiency gene mutation carriers may be at an increased risk for certain cancers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009070 biolink:NamedThing D-glyceric aciduria A metabolic disorder characterized by D-glyceric acid excretion. It has been described in several patients. Clinical findings include progressive neurological impairment, hypotonia, seizures, failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis. Some patients had hyperglycinemia secondary to the organic acidemia. However, some of the reported patients were asymptomatic. D-glyceric aciduria is caused by D-glycerate kinase deficiency. The GLYCTK gene has been mapped to 3p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009252 biolink:NamedThing essential fructosuria Essential fructosuria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of fructose metabolism caused by a deficiency of fructokinaseenzyme activity. It is characterized by elevated fructosemia and presence of fructosuria following ingestion of fructose and related sugars (sucrose, sorbitol). Essential fructosuria is clinically asymptomatic and harmless. Dietary restriction is not indicated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009255 biolink:NamedThing galactokinase deficiency Galactokinase deficiency is a rare mild form of galactosemia characterized by early onset of cataract and an absence of the usual signs of classic galactosemia, i.e. feeding difficulties, poor weight gain and growth, lethargy, and jaundice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017691 biolink:NamedThing erythrocyte galactose epimerase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017692 biolink:NamedThing generalized galactose epimerase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030105 biolink:NamedThing galactosemia 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020130 biolink:NamedThing malformation of the cerebellar vermis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016053 biolink:NamedThing isolated cerebellar vermis hypoplasia Isolated cerebellar vermis hypoplasia is a rare, non-syndromic cerebellar malformation characterized by an underdeveloped cerebellar vermis. Patients may present a variable phenotype ranging from normal neurodevelopment to motor and/or language delay, variable degrees of cognitive impairment, hypotonia, equilibrium disturbances, static/dynamic ataxia, oculomotor abnormalities, epilepsy and/or clumsiness. Behavioral disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and generalized anxiety have also been reported. Brain MRI may reveal diffuse or selective (mostly posterior) vermian cerebellar hypoplasia and EEG may show focal paroxysms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017107 biolink:NamedThing isolated cerebellar vermis agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017106 biolink:NamedThing retrocerebellar cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019953 biolink:NamedThing mega-cisterna magna DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020351 biolink:NamedThing Blake pouch cyst Blake pouch cyst is a non-syndromic, usually benign, cystic malformation of the posterior fossa characterized by a midline outpouching of the superior medullary velum into the cisterna magna that results from failure of the rudimental fourth ventricular tela choroidea to regress during embryogenesis. Patients can be asymptomatic or present in childhood or adulthood with clinical manifestations of hydrocephalus, such as headache, hypotonia, vertigo, syncope, vomiting, blurred or double vision, nystagmus, papilledema, and delayed gait development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009073 biolink:NamedThing Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome 1 Any Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WASHC5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010499 biolink:NamedThing Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome 2 Any Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCDC22 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030331 biolink:NamedThing Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030864 biolink:NamedThing Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009090 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, sensorineural, autosomal-mitochondrial type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012653 biolink:NamedThing persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009101 biolink:NamedThing Wolfram syndrome 1 Any Wolfram syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WFS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010800 biolink:NamedThing Wolfram syndrome, mitochondrial form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011502 biolink:NamedThing Wolfram syndrome 2 Any Wolfram syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CISD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014375 biolink:NamedThing congenital diarrhea 7 with exudative enteropathy Congenital chronic diarrhea with protein-losing enteropathy is a rare, genetic, intestinal disease characterized by early-onset, chronic, non-infectious, non-bloody, watery diarrhea associated with protein-losing enteropathy which results in hypoalbuminemia, hypogammaglobulinemia and elevated stool alpha-1-antitrypsin. Patients typically present severe, intractable diarrhea, failure to thrive, recurrent infections and edema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015174 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune enteropathy type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033862 biolink:NamedThing primary autoimmune enteropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009111 biolink:NamedThing dihydropyrimidinuria Dihydropyrimidinase (DPD) deficiency is a very rare pyrimidine metabolism disorder with a variable clinical presentation including gastrointestinal manifestations (feeding problems, cyclic vomiting, gastroesophageal reflux, malabsorption with villous atrophy), hypotonia, intellectual deficit, seizures, and less frequently growth retardation, failure to thrive, microcephaly and autism. Asymptomatic cases are also reported. DPD deficiency increases the risk of 5-FU toxicity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019238 biolink:NamedThing inborn disorder of pyrimidine metabolism ANPM DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009378 biolink:NamedThing hyper-beta-alaninemia Hyperbetaalaninemia is a very rare metabolic condition.Hyperbetaalaninemia refers to thebuild-upof protein building blocks, called beta amino acids, in the body. The excess beta amino acidsare neurotoxic to the body. Signs and symptoms of hyperbetaalaninemia includeconvulsions (rapid and uncontrollable shaking), lethargy, and encephalopathy.Hyperbetaalaninemia is thought to be due to a loss ofa functional form of the enzyme,beta-alanine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase.Treatment with oral pyridoxine wasdemonstrated to be helpful in one case. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009797 biolink:NamedThing orotic aciduria An extremely rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the UMPS gene. It is characterized by deficiency of the activity of the pyrimidine pathway enzyme uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP) synthase. Clinical manifestations include growth retardation, anemia, and increased excretion of orotic acid in the urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013164 biolink:NamedThing beta-ureidopropionase deficiency Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency is a very rare pyrimidine metabolism disorder described in fewer than 10 patients to date with an extremely wide clinical picture ranging from asymptomatic cases to neurological (epilepsy, autism) and developmental disorders (urogenital, colorectal). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100273 biolink:NamedThing glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase deficiency Any disorder of plasmalogen biosynthesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GNPAT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020585 biolink:NamedThing anemia due to erythrocyte enzyme disorder Any form of anemia that results from the absence of, or the defective action of, any enzyme involved in erythropoiesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009114 biolink:NamedThing congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency A disorder of carbohydrate absorption and transport caused by autosomal recessive mutation of the SI gene, characterised by malabsorption of sucrose and maltose. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009115 biolink:NamedThing congenital lactase deficiency Congenital lactase deficiency is a rare severe gastrointestinal disorder in newborns primarily reported in Finland and characterized clinically by watery diarrhea on feeding with breast-milk or lactose-containing formula. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010983 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 9 A dystonia characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of paroxysmal choreoathetosis and progressive spastic paraplegia, episodes are often precipitated by alcohol, fatigue, or emotional stress that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the SLC2A1 gene on chromosome 1p34. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011449 biolink:NamedThing Salla disease Salla disease is the mildest form of the free sialic acid storage disorders, which primarily affect the nervous system. Infants with Salla disease typically begin to experience poor muscle tone (hypotonia) during the first year of life,followed by slowly progressive neurological problems. Signs and symptoms include intellectual disability and developmental delay; seizures ; ataxia ; muscle spasticity; and involuntary slow movements of the limbs (athetosis). About one-third of affected children learn to walk. It is caused by mutations in the SLC17A5 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is generally symptomatic and supportive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012396 biolink:NamedThing exercise-induced hyperinsulinism Exercise-induced hyperinsulinism (EIHI) is a form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism (DHI) characterized by episodes of hypoglycemia induced by exercise due to an inappropriate lactate and pyruvate sensitivity in pancreatic beta-cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012803 biolink:NamedThing diarrhea-vomiting due to trehalase deficiency This syndrome is characterised by diarrhoea and vomiting after ingestion of trehalose, a disaccharide found mainly in mushrooms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015169 biolink:NamedThing chronic diarrhea due to glucoamylase deficiency This syndrome is characterised by chronic diarrhoea in infancy or childhood in association with intestinal glucoamylase deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017737 biolink:NamedThing intermediate severe Salla disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009120 biolink:NamedThing diverticulosis of bowel, hernia, and retinal detachment A syndromic intestinal malformation characterized by the association of marfanoid habitus with visceral diverticula. It has been reported in four adults and two siblings from a consanguineous marriage in two different publications. Pediatric cases also presented with diaphragmatic hernia. Other connective tissue disorders with visceral diverticula have been reported previously, suggesting a relationship between these two conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015774 biolink:NamedThing thoraco-abdominal enteric duplication Thoraco-abdominal enteric duplication is a rare, syndromic intestinal malformation characterized by single or multiple smooth-walled, often tubular, cystic lesions, which on occasion contain ectopic gastric mucosa, located in the thorax (usually in the posterior mediastinum and to the right of the midline) and in the abdomen. Infants usually present with respiratory distress and older patients with heartburn, abdominal pain, vomiting and/or malena. Vertebral anomalies in the lower cervical spine, with CNS involvement, are frequently present and complications, such as bowel obstruction, perforation and intussusception, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016583 biolink:NamedThing familial intestinal malrotation-facial anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018085 biolink:NamedThing umbilical cord ulceration-intestinal atresia syndrome Umbilical cord ulceration-intestinal atresia syndrome is characterised by congenital intestinal atresia, umbilical cord ulceration and severe intrauterine haemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800030 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal defects and immunodeficiency syndrome 1 A rare genetic disease characterized by multiple intestinal atresia in association with combined immunodeficiency and inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical features include widespread atresia extending from the stomach to the rectum, homogenous calcifications in the abdominal cavity, hepatic cholestasis, cirrhosis, and chronic liver failure, hypoplastic thymus, and increased susceptibility to mainly bacteria and viruses. The immunological phenotype consists of profound generalized T-cell lymphopenia and milder natural killer cell and B-cell lymphopenia, as well as low serum levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM, with elevated serum IgE. The disease is mostly fatal in infancy or childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017759 biolink:NamedThing disorder of catecholamine synthesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012084 biolink:NamedThing aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency is a very rare, severe, genetic neurometabolic disorder associated with clinical manifestations related to underproduction of serotonin and dopamine, mainly hypotonia, hypokinesia, ptosis oculogyric crises, and signs of autonomic dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020751 biolink:NamedThing orthostatic hypotension 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009126 biolink:NamedThing duodenal atresia Duodenal atresia is an embryopathy of the cranial intestine that leads to a complete absence of the duodenal lumen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015209 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic gastroduodenal malformation A gastroduodenal malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016041 biolink:NamedThing congenital microgastria Congenital microgastria is a rare malformation where the embryological development of the stomach is interrupted, leading to an abnormally small foregut in newborns and characterized by extreme feeding intolerance and malnutrition along with growth retardation and death if untreated. It is usually associated with multiple congenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015211 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic intestinal malformation A intestinal malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009476 biolink:NamedThing atresia of small intestine Atresia of small intestine is a special form of intestinal atresia with absence of mesentery, which is most likely due to an intrauterine intestinal vascular accident. Newborns are usually preterm infants with low birth-weights, that encounter feeding difficulties (including vomiting with initial feeds, which may later worsened and the abdomen becomes progressively distended) as well as failure to thrive. Affected children present disrupted bowel loops assuming a spiral configuration resembling an 'apple peel' and may have less than half of the normal length of the small bowel and a physiologically short bowel. Atresia of small intestine is characterized by jejunal atresia near the ligament of Treitz, foreshortened bowel, and a large mesenteric gap. The bowel distal to the atresia is precariously supplied. Atresia of small intestine may be a manifestation of cystic fibrosis. The most important cause of mortality is short bowel syndrome, encountered in 65% of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010562 biolink:NamedThing colonic atresia Colonic atresia is a congenital intestinal malformation resulting in a non-latent segment of the colon and characterized by lower intestinal obstruction manifesting with abdominal distention and failure to pass meconium in newborns. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014097 biolink:NamedThing congenital short bowel syndrome Congenital short bowel syndrome is a rare intestinal disorder of neonates of unknown etiology. Patients are born with a short small bowel (less than 75 cm in length) that compromises proper intestinal absorption and leads chronic diarrhea, vomiting and failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016531 biolink:NamedThing digestive duplication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018962 biolink:NamedThing common mesentery DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009746 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 4 Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type 4 (HSAN4) is an inherited disorder characterized by anhidrosis, insensitivity to pain, self-mutilating behavior and episodes of fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009748 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with spastic paraplegia This syndrome is characterized by the association of an axonal sensory and autonomic neuropathy with spastic paraplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012092 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 5 Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type 5 (HSAN5) is characterized by loss of pain perception and impaired temperature sensitivity, in the absence of any other major neurological anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013839 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 6 Any hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DST gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015354 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with deafness and global delay This syndrome is characterized by a sensory and autonomic axonal neuropathy, sensorineural hearing loss and persistent global developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017750 biolink:NamedThing defect in conserved oligomeric Golgi complex DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017752 biolink:NamedThing defect in V-ATPase DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009135 biolink:NamedThing anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type 1a DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014285 biolink:NamedThing congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type type 1B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016151 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of perlecan DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009143 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 1 Any Meier-Gorlin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ORC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013428 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 2 Any Meier-Gorlin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ORC4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013430 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 3 Any Meier-Gorlin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ORC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013431 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 4 Any Meier-Gorlin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013432 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 5 Any Meier-Gorlin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014794 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 6 Any Meier-Gorlin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GMNN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014894 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 7 Any Meier-Gorlin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDC45 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033046 biolink:NamedThing Meier-Gorlin syndrome 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009147 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 10B, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth type, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013983 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 11B, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth type, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009148 biolink:NamedThing Rosselli-Gulienetti syndrome A rare congenital ectodermal dysplasia syndrome with a range of signs and symptoms including cleft lip or palate, mental retardation and various forms of ectodermal dysplasia. Additional symptoms may include fused eyelids, absent nails, delayed bone growth and dry skin. It is believed that this syndrome follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with incomplete penetrance, and caused by a mutation affecting the TP63 gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010475 biolink:NamedThing X-linked central congenital hypothyroidism with late-onset testicular enlargement An X-linked recessive syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutation(s) in IGSF1, encoding immunoglobulin superfamily member 1. This condition can result in central hypothyroidism, macroorchidism, delayed puberty, and variable prolactin deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011365 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis - intellectual disability syndrome, SBBYS type Blepharophimosis-intellectual disability syndrome, SBBYS type is characterised by the association of congenital hypothyroidism, facial dysmorphism (microcephaly, blepharophimosis, a bulbous nose, thin lip, low-set ears and micrognathia), postaxial polydactyly and severe intellectual deficit. Less than 20 cases have been reported so far. Cryptorchidism is present in affected males. Some patients also have cardiac anomalies (interventricular communication), hypotonia and growth delay. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016422 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune polyendocrinopathy type 3 A rare, endocrine disease characterized by autoimmune thyroid disease associated with at least one other autoimmune disease, such as type I diabetes mellitus, chronic atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, vitiligo, alopecia, or myasthenia gravis, but excluding Addison disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016521 biolink:NamedThing muscular pseudohypertrophy-hypothyroidism syndrome Muscular pseudohypertropy - hypothyroidism, also known as Kocher-Debre-Semelaigne syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by pseudohypertrophy of muscles due to longstanding hypothyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019506 biolink:NamedThing obesity-colitis-hypothyroidism-cardiac hypertrophy-developmental delay syndrome Obesity-colitis-hypothyroidism-cardiac hypertrophy-developmental delay syndrome is characterised by precocious obesity, congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal colitis, cardiac hypertrophy, craniosynostosis and developmental delay. It has been described in two brothers, one of whom died within the first month of life. The parents of the two children were nonconsanguineous and in good health, however, the pregnancies were complicated by a maternal HELLP syndrome (Haemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelets). The mode of inheritance has not yet been clearly established. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022900 biolink:NamedThing athyreotic congenital hypothyroidism Congenital hypothyroidism in which fetal deficiency was severe because of complete absence (athyreosis) of the gland. Physical features may include a larger anterior fontanel, persistence of a posterior fontanel, an umbilical hernia, and a large tongue (macroglossia) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009154 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 5 Any hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NKX2-5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012360 biolink:NamedThing congenital nongoitrous hypothryoidism 3 A congenital hypothyroidism characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of resistance to thyrotropin that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 15q25.3-q26.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013757 biolink:NamedThing congenital nongoitrous hypothryoidism 6 Any hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the THRA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024264 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 2 A congenital hypothyroidism that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the PAX8 gene on chromosome 2q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026731 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026732 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032819 biolink:NamedThing hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009166 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 4 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 4 (PCH4) is a very rare form of PCH, characterized by prenatal onset of polyhydramnios and contractures followed by hypertonia, severe clonus, primary hypoventilation leading to an early postnatal death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011948 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 3 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 3 (PCH3), also known as cerebellar atrophy with progressive microcephaly (CLAM) is a rare form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia with autosomal recessive transmission characterized neonatally by hypotonia and impaired swallowing and from infancy onward by seizures, optic atrophy and short stature, but none of the clinical findings are specific for PCH3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012438 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 5 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 5 (PCH5) is a very rare severe form of PCH with prenatal onset and characterized by fetal onset of clonus or seizures-like activity persisting in infancy and microencephaly leading to early postnatal death. There is significant overlap both in phenotype and in genotype between pontocerebellar hypoplasia types 4 and 5. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013990 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 8 A novel very rare form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia (see this term) characterized clinically by progressive microencephaly, feeding difficulties, severe developmental delay, although walking may be achieved, hypotonia often associated with increased muscle tone of lower extremities and deep tendon reflexes, joint deformities in the lower extremities, and occasionally complex seizures. PCH8 is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the CHMP1A gene. MRI demonstrates a pontocerebellar hypoplasia with vermis and hemispheres equally affected and mild to severely reduced cerebral white matter volume with a fully formed very thin corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013993 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7 (PCH7) is a novel very rare form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia with unknown etiology and poor prognosis reported in four patients and is characterized clinically during the neonatal period by hypotonia, no palpable gonads, micropenis and from infancy by progressive microcephaly, apneic episodes, poor feeding, seizures and regression of penis. MRI demonstrates a pontocerebellar hypoplasia. PCH7 is expressed as PCH with 46,XY disorder of sex development in individuals with XY karyotype, and may be expressed as PCH only in individuals with XX karyotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014349 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 10 Any non-syndromic pontocerebellar hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014351 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 9 Any non-syndromic pontocerebellar hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AMPD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014370 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2E Any non-syndromic pontocerebellar hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VPS53 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030258 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030259 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030260 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 1E DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030261 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 1F DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030438 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030890 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, IIA 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032643 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032831 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054669 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054844 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 1D DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016098 biolink:NamedThing immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM) is a rare form of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterized clinically by acute or subacute proximal muscle weakness, and histopathologically by myocyte necrosis and regeneration without significant inflammation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016099 biolink:NamedThing overlap myositis Overlap myositis (OM) is a form of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) characterized by myositis with at least one clinical and/or autoantibody overlap feature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016609 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory myopathy with abundant macrophages Inflammatory myopathy with abundant macrophages is a rare inflammatory myopathy characterized by diffuse destructive infiltration of CD68+ macrophages into the fascia rather than muscle fibers in muscle biopsies, proximal muscle weakness and myalgia with or without scaly dermatomyositis-like or atypical non-dermatomyositis-like skin lesions, elevation of creatine kinase levels and thickening of muscle fascia in muscle MRI. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016610 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic eosinophilic myositis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018845 biolink:NamedThing focal myositis Focal myositis is a rare inflammatory myopathy characterized by a localized swelling of skeletal muscle that is usually located in the lower extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019344 biolink:NamedThing antisynthetase syndrome Antisynthetase (AS) syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous form of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterized by myositis, arthralgia, Raynaud phenomenon, mechanic hands, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and serum autoantibodies to aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetases (anti-ARS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009177 biolink:NamedThing late-onset localized junctional epidermolysis bullosa-intellectual disability syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009180 biolink:NamedThing junctional epidermolysis bullosa, non-Herlitz type Junctional epidermolysis bullosa, non-Herlitz (JEB-nH) is a subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) characterized by the presence of skin and mucosal blistering, nail dystrophy or nail absence and enamel hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009182 biolink:NamedThing junctional epidermolysis bullosa Herlitz type Junctional epidermolysis bullosa, Herlitz-type is a severe subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) characterized by blisters and extensive erosions, localized to the skin and mucous membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009183 biolink:NamedThing junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia Junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia is a severe subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) characterized by generalized blistering at birth and congenital atresia of the pylorus and rarely of other portions of the gastrointestinal tract. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019308 biolink:NamedThing junctional epidermolysis bullosa inversa Junctional epidermolysis bullosa inversa is a rare severe subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) characterized by blistering and erosions confined to intertriginous skin sites, the esophagus, and vagina. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019309 biolink:NamedThing late-onset junctional epidermolysis bullosa Late-onset junctional epidermolysis bullosa is a subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) occurring in childhood or young adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030746 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa, junctional 2A, intermediate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030747 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa, junctional 2B, severe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030748 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa, junctional 3A, intermediate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030749 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa, junctional 3B, severe DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030750 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa, junctional 4, intermediate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030768 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa, junctional 5A, intermediate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009675 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (LGMD2A) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a variable age of onset of progressive, typically symmetrical and selective weakness and atrophy of proximal shoulder- and pelvic-girdle muscles (gluteus maximus, thigh adductors, and muscles of the posterior compartment of the limbs are most commonly affected) without cardiac or facial involvement. Clinical manifestations include exercise intolerance, a waddling gait, scapular winging and calf pseudo-hypertrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009676 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD2B) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by an onset in late adolescence or early adulthood of slowly progressive, proximal weakness and atrophy of shoulder and pelvic girdle muscles. Cardiac and respiratory muscles are not involved. Hypertrophy of the calf muscles and highly elevated serum creatine kinase levels are frequently observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009677 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2C Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2C (LGMD2C) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a childhood onset of progressive shoulder and pelvic girdle muscle weakness and atrophy frequently associated with calf hypertrophy, diaphragmatic weakness, and/or variable cardiac abnormalities. Mild to moderate elevated serum creatine kinase levels and positive Gowers sign are reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009683 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2H Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2H (LGMD2H) is a mild subtype of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by slowly progressive proximal muscle weakness and wasting of the pelvic and shoulder girdles with onset that usually occurs during the second or third decade of life. Clinical presentation is variable and can include calf psuedohypertrophy, joint contractures, scapular winging, muscle cramping and/or facial and respiratory muscle involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011028 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2F Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2F (LGMD2F) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a variable age of onset of progressive weakness and wasting of the proximal skeletal muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, frequently associated with progressive respiratory muscle impairment and cardiomyopathy. Calf hypertrophy, muscle cramps and elevated serum creatine kinase levels are also observed. Neuropsychomotor development is usually normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011170 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2G Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2G (LGMD2G) is a mild subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a variable onset (ranging from infancy to adolescence) of progressive proximal upper and lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy. Mild scapular winging, calf hypertrophy, and lack of respiratory and cardiac involvement are also observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011423 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2E Autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2E (LGMD2E) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a childhood to adolescent onset of progressive pelvic- and shoulder-girdle muscle weakness, particularly affecting the pelvic girdle (adductors and flexors of hip). Usually the knees are the earliest and most affected muscles. In advanced stages, involvement of the shoulder girdle (resulting in scapular winging) and the distal muscle groups are observed. Calf hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, respiratory impairment, tendon contractures, scoliosis, and exercise-induced myoglobinuria may be observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011968 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2D Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2D (LGMD2D) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by childhood onset of progressive proximal weakness of the shoulder and pelvic girdle muscles, resulting in difficulty walking, scapular winging, calf hypertrophy and contractures of the Achilles tendon, which lead to a tiptoe gait pattern. Cardiac and respiratory involvement is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012127 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J (LGMD2J) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy that usually has a childhood onset (but can range from the first to third decade of life) of severe progressive proximal weakness, eventually involving the distal muscles. Some patients may remain ambulatory but most are wheelchair dependant 20 years after onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012652 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2L A form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy most often characterized by an adult onset (but ranging from 11 to 51 years) of mainly proximal lower limb weakness, with difficulties standing on tiptoes being one of the initial signs. Proximal upper limb and distal lower limb weakness is also common as well as atrophy of the quadriceps (most commonly), biceps brachii, and lower leg muscles. However, calf hypertrophy has also been reported in some cases. LGMD2L progresses slowly, with most patients remaining ambulatory until late adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013390 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Q Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Q (LGMD2Q) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by proximal muscle weakness presenting in early childhood (with occasional falls and difficulties in climbing stairs) and a progressive course resulting in loss of ambulation in early adulthood. Muscle atrophy and multiple contractures have also been reported in rare cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014144 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type R18 A form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by childhood-onset of progressive proximal muscle weakness (leading to reduced ambulation) with myalgia and fatigue, in addition to infantile hyperkinetic movements, truncal ataxia, and intellectual disability. Additional manifestations include scoliosis, hip dysplasia, and less commonly, ocular features (e.g. myopia, cataract) and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014782 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2X Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2X is a rare subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by atrioventricular block resulting in repeated syncope episodes, elevated creatine kinase serum levels and adult-onset of slowly progressive proximal limb skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. Muscular dystrophic changes observed in muscle biopsy include diameter variability, increased central nuclei, and presence of necrotic and regenerating fibers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014788 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2W Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2W is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by childhood onset of severe, progressive, proximal skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy of the upper and lower limbs with later involvement of distal muscles and development of severe quadraparesis, calf hypertrophy, triangular tongue, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Skeletal muscles undergo diffuse, bilateral, symmetric and severe atrophy with fat infiltration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014900 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Y Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Y (LGMD2Y) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, presenting in the first or second decades of life, characterized by slowly progressive proximal and distal muscle weakness and atrophy. Additional manifestations include contractures of the proximal and distal interphalangeal hand joints, rigid spine, restricted pulmonary function, and mild cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029135 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029136 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 23 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030014 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 26 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030456 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 27 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016198 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of plectin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009187 biolink:NamedThing celiac disease-epilepsy-cerebral calcification syndrome Celiac disease, epilepsy and cerebral calcification syndrome (CEC) is a rare disorder characterized by the combination of auto-immune intestinal disease, epileptic seizures and cerebral calcifications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100029 biolink:NamedThing antibody mediated epilepsy An immune epilepsy where the underlying cause is antibody mediated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019385 biolink:NamedThing steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009197 biolink:NamedThing transient erythroblastopenia of childhood An acquired pure red cell aplasia that is self-limited. It is the most common cause of decreased red blood cell production in the pediatric population, and typically presents as a normocytic anemia with reticulocytopenia in an otherwise asymptomatic and normal child with no evidence of other causes for anemia, including blood loss, hemolysis, nutritional deficiency, or malignancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020113 biolink:NamedThing primary acquired red cell aplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020338 biolink:NamedThing adult pure red cell aplasia Adult pure red cell aplasia is a rare acquired aplastic anemia characterized by a severe normocytic anemia with normal peripheral leukocyte and platelet counts, reticulocytopenia, high serum ferritin and transferrin saturation levels and isolated, almost complete absence of erythroblasts in the bone marrow with normal granulopoesis and megakaryopoesis. It presents with signs of severe anemia (fatigue, lethargy, pallor, intolerance of physical exercise and exertional dyspnea) in the absence of hemorrhagic symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009206 biolink:NamedThing factor V and factor VIII, combined deficiency of, type 1 Any combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LMAN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009207 biolink:NamedThing factor V and factor VIII, combined deficiency of, with normal protein C and protein C inhibitor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013331 biolink:NamedThing factor 5 and Factor VIII, combined deficiency of, 2 Any combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MCFD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035737 biolink:NamedThing acquired factor V deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009211 biolink:NamedThing congenital factor VII deficiency Factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare hereditary hemorrhagic disease caused by the diminution or absence of this coagulation factor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035738 biolink:NamedThing acquired factor VII deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009212 biolink:NamedThing congenital factor X deficiency Congenital factor X deficiency is an inherited bleeding disorder with a decreased antigen and/or activity of factor X (FX) and characterized by mild to severe bleeding symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011837 biolink:NamedThing vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, combined deficiency of, type 2 Any congenital vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors combined deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VKORC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021134 biolink:NamedThing acquired factor X deficiency An bleeding disorder with a decreased antigen and/or activity of factor X (FX) that is acquired. Acquired factor X deficiency is a rare disorder, commonly associated with a preceding viral illness and a circulating FX inhibitor. Although multiple treatment modalities have been described with variable success, in many cases, it is a self-limited condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009213 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group C Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCC gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that delays the onset of apoptosis and promotes homologous recombination repair of damaged DNA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009214 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group D2 Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCD2 gene. This gene is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, both by homologous recombination and single-strand annealing. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010351 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group B Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCB gene. This gene encodes the protein for complementation group B. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010953 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group E Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCE gene. This is a protein coding gene. It is required for the nuclear accumulation of FANCC and provides a critical bridge between the FA complex and FANCD2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011325 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group F Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCF gene. This gene encodes a polypeptide with homology to the prokaryotic RNA-binding protein ROM. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012186 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group I Fanconi anemia caused by mutations in the FANCI gene, encoding Fanconi anemia group I protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012187 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group J Fanconi anemia caused by mutations in the BRIP1 gene, encoding Fanconi anemia group J protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012565 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group N Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PALB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013248 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group O Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAD51C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013499 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group P Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLX4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013565 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group G Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013566 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group L Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FANCL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014108 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group Q Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014638 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group T Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UBE2T gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014985 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group V Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAD2L2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014986 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group R Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAD51 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014987 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia complementation group U Any Fanconi anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the XRCC2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044325 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia, complementation group W DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054748 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi anemia, complementation group S DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009219 biolink:NamedThing fascial dystrophy, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009220 biolink:NamedThing visceral steatosis, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009223 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 23 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LHB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009239 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 24 without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FSHB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013912 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 10 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TAC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013914 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 12 with or without anosmia A hypogonadotropic hypogonadism that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the GNRH1 gene on chromosome 8p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013915 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 13 with or without anosmia Any hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KISS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030010 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 25 with anosmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030534 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 26 with or without anosmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030684 biolink:NamedThing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 27 without anosmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009384 biolink:NamedThing Leydig cell hypoplasia, type 1 Any Leydig cell hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LHCGR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009224 biolink:NamedThing fetal iodine syndrome Fetal iodine syndrome refers to symptoms and signs that may be observed in a fetus or newborn when the mother was exposed during pregnancy to inappropriate (insufficient or excessive) amounts of iodine. Iodine deficiency is associated with goiter and hypothyroidism. When severe iodine deficiency occurs during pregnancy, it is associated with congenital hypothyroidism that is manifested by increased neonatal morbi-mortality and severe mental dysfunction, hyperactivity, attention disorders and a substantial decrease of IQ of an irreversible nature. Excessive iodine ingestion during the third trimester of pregnancy can result in hypothyroidism and fetal goiter due to a prolonged inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis, an increase in thyrotropin (TSH). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016004 biolink:NamedThing aminopterin/methotrexate embryofetopathy Aminopterin/Methotrexate embryofetopathy is a syndrome of developmental anomalies characterized by growth deficiency, facial dysmorphism and skull, limb and neural defects secondary to maternal exposure to aminopterin or methotrexate (MTX) during pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016005 biolink:NamedThing indomethacin embryofetopathy Indomethacin embryofetopathy refers to the manifestations that may be observed in a fetus or newborn when the mother has taken indomethacin, a potent prostaglandin inhibitor and tocolytic agent that can cross placenta, during pregnancy. Reported adverse fetal/neonatal effects include decreased renal function resulting in oligohydramnios, closure of the ductus arteriosus, and delayed cardiovascular adaptation at birth. These effects are usually transient and reversible. Indomethacin may also be a risk factor for cerebral injury (periventricular leukomalacia) and necrotizing enterocolitisin preterm infants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016007 biolink:NamedThing cocaine embryofetopathy A group of clinical signs observed in newborns exposed in utero to cocaine, a short-acting central nervous system stimulant used as a recreational drug through inhalation of the powder or intravenous injection. Cocaine use during pregnancy is associated with intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, seizures, respiratory distress (decreased apnea density and periodic breathing), feeding difficulties, irritability and lability of state, decreased behavioral and autonomic regulation, poor alertness and orientation and cognitive impairment (impaired auditory information processing , visual-spatial delay and subtle language delay) in the offspring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016009 biolink:NamedThing fetal trimethadione syndrome Fetal trimethadione syndrome is a drug-related embryofetopathy that can occur when an embryo/fetus is exposed to trimethadione and that is characterized by pre- and post-natal growth retardation, intellectual deficit, developmental and speech delay, craniofacial anomalies (with some similarities to those seen in fetal valproate syndrome), and less commonly, cleft palate, malformations of the heart, urogenital system and limbs. Trimethadione is an antiepileptic drug that has been removed from the market in Europe and is no longer used much in other countries due to teratogenicity and potential side effects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016013 biolink:NamedThing fetal methylmercury syndrome Foetal methylmercury syndrome is characterised by a group of symptoms that may be observed in a foetus or newborn when the mother was exposed during pregnancy to excessive amounts of methylmercury. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016014 biolink:NamedThing fetal minoxidil syndrome Fetal minoxidil syndrome is characterized by a group of symptoms that may be observed in a fetus or newborn when the mother has taken minoxidil during pregnancy. Minoxidil is used in the treatment of malignant renal hypertension and as a topical solution to induce scalp hair growth. Hypertrichosis that gradually diminishes during the first six postnatal months has been reported. Additional reported features include cardiac (congenital great vessel transposition and pulmonary valve stenosis), neurodevelopmental (caudal regression sequence), gastrointestinal, renal, and limb malformations. Conclusive studies are however not available. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016015 biolink:NamedThing phenobarbital embryopathy A teratologic disorder associated with intrauterine exposure of phenorbarbital during the first trimester of pregnancy. Infants are usually asymptomatic but an increased risk of intellectual disability, tetralogy of Fallot, unilateral cleft lip, hypoplasia of the mitral valve and some other mild abnormalities such as hypertelorism, epicanthus, hypoplasia and low insertion of the nose, low insertion of the ears, prognathism, finger hypoplasia, brachydactyly and hypospadias have been reported in rare cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016378 biolink:NamedThing maternal hyperthermia induced birth defects Maternal hyperthermia induced birth defects is a rare maternal disease-related embryofetopathy characterized by variable developmental anomalies of the fetus due to teratogenic effect of elevated maternal body temperature (resulting from febrile illness or hot environment exposure). Reported developmental anomalies include neural tube defects (spina bifida, ecephalocele, anencephaly), cardiac defects (transposition of great vessels), urogenital defects (hypospadias), abdominal wall defects, cleft lip/palate, eye defects (cataract, coloboma) or various minor anomalies (e.g., bifid uvula, preauricular pit or tag). Consensus regarding cause-effect relationship has not been reached. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044619 biolink:NamedThing propylthiouracil embryofetopathy Propylthiouracil embryofetopathy is a rare teratologic disease characterized by variable congenital anomalies resulting from maternal treatment and prenatal exposure to propylthiouracil. Anomalies frequently encountered include ear malformations (e.g. accessory auricle, preauricular sinus/fistula/cyst), urinary system malformations (e.g. isolated unilateral kidney, congenital hydronephrosis), gastrointestinal anomalies (e.g. congenital bands with intestinal malrotation) and cardiac defects (e.g. situs inversus dextrocardia, cardiac outflow tract defects). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016555 biolink:NamedThing transient congenital hypothyroidism due to maternal factor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016413 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypothyroidism due to maternal intake of antithyroid drugs DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019857 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypothyroidism due to transplacental passage of maternal TSH-binding inhibitory antibodies Congenital hypothyroidism due to transplacental passage of maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-binding inhibitory antibodies is a type of transient congenital hypothyroidism, a thyroid hormone deficiency that is not permanent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017055 biolink:NamedThing mycophenolate mofetil embryopathy Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) embryopathy is a malformative syndrome due to the teratogenic effect of MMF, an effective immunosuppressive agent widely used for the prevention of organ rejection after organ transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018262 biolink:NamedThing fetal anticonvulsant syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018442 biolink:NamedThing acitretin/etretinate embryopathy Acitretin/Etretinate embryopathy is a teratogenic disorder due to acitretin or etretinate exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy, carrying a risk of fetal malformations of approximately 20%, including central nervous system, craniofacial, ear, thymic, cardiac and limb anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009227 biolink:NamedThing myofibromatosis, infantile, 1 Any myofibromatosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDGFRB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014122 biolink:NamedThing myofibromatosis, infantile, 2 Any myofibromatosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NOTCH3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018848 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is characterized by the development of a fibrotic mass surrounding retroperitoneal structures, such as aorta, vena cava, ureters and psoas muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017313 biolink:NamedThing disorder of folate metabolism and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021759 biolink:NamedThing acquired fructose intolerance Acquired fructose intolerance is a condition in which the body can not properly absorb the sugar, fructose. As a result, affected people may experience gastrointestinal symptoms, such as gas, abdominal pain, bloating and/or diarrhea, depending on the quantity of fructose consumed and the presence of other sugars ingested with it. Gastrointestinal symptoms related to acquired fructose intolerance appear to be more common in people who have an underlying functional bowel disorder such as irritable bowel syndrome. The underlying cause of the condition is poorly understood. It is distinct from the rare, genetic form of fructose intolerance (called hereditary fructose intolerance), which usually develops earlier in life and often affects more than one family member. Acquired fructose intolerance is generally managed with dietary modifications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009251 biolink:NamedThing fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (FBP) deficiency is a disorder of fructose metabolism characterized by recurrent episodes of fasting hypoglycemia with lactic acidosis, that may be life-threatening in neonates and infants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009949 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate carboxylase deficiency disease Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) deficiency is a rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by metabolic acidosis, failure to thrive, developmental delay, and recurrent seizures at an early age in severely affected patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017294 biolink:NamedThing glycerol kinase deficiency, infantile form Infantile glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is a severe form of GKD characterized clinically by poor feeding, failure to thrive, salt-wasting dehydration, vomiting, Addisonian pigmentation, hypotonia, and disorders of consciousness. Some patients have complex GKD associated with adrenal hypoplasia congenita and/or Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with manifestations including intellectual deficit, dysmorphic facial features, abnormal external genitalia, strabismus, seizures, and progressive lethargy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017295 biolink:NamedThing glycerol kinase deficiency, juvenile form Juvenile glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is an uncommon form of GKD characterized by Reye-like clinical manifestations including episodic vomiting, acidemia, and disorders of consciousness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017296 biolink:NamedThing glycerol kinase deficiency, adult form Adult glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is an uncommon form of GKD diagnosed fortuitously and characterized by pseudohypertriglyceridemia in otherwise healthy adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017320 biolink:NamedThing phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) deficiency is a gluconeogenesis disorder that results from impairment in the enzyme PEPCK, and comprising cytosolic (PEPCK1) and mitochondrial (PEPCK2) forms of enzyme deficiency. Onset of symptoms is neonatal or a few months after birth and includes hypoglycemia associated with acute episodes of severe lactic acidosis, progressive neurological deterioration, severe liver failure, renal tubular acidosis and Fanconi syndrome. Patients also present progressive multisystem damage with failure to thrive, muscular weakness and hypotonia, developmental delay with seizures, spasticity, lethargy, microcephaly and cardiomyopathy. To date, there is no conclusive evidence of the existence of an isolated form of this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009257 biolink:NamedThing galactose epimerase deficiency Galactose epimerase deficiency is a very rare, moderate to severe form of galactosemia characterized by moderate to severe signs of impaired galactose metabolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009259 biolink:NamedThing gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase deficiency Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase deficiency is principally characterized by hemolytic anemia, (usually rather mild), however, the presence of neurological symptoms has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040566 biolink:NamedThing inherited glutathione metabolism disease An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of glutathione metabolic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009285 biolink:NamedThing gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency is characterized by increased glutathione concentration in the plasma and urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009825 biolink:NamedThing 5-oxoprolinase deficiency 5-Oxoprolinase deficiency is clinically a very heterogeneous condition characterized by 5-oxoprolinuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017909 biolink:NamedThing inherited glutathione synthetase deficiency Glutathione synthetase deficiency is characterised by hemolytic anemia, associated with metabolic acidosis and 5-oxoprolinuria in moderate forms, and with progressive neurological symptoms and recurrent bacterial infections in the most severe forms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009261 biolink:NamedThing GM1 gangliosidosis type 2 GM1 gangliosidosis type 2 is a clinically variable, infancy or childhood-onset form of GM1 gangliosidosis characterized by normal early development and psychomotor regression between seven months and three years of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009262 biolink:NamedThing GM1 gangliosidosis type 3 GM1 gangliosidosis type 3 is a mild, chronic, adult form of GM1 gangliosidosis characterized by onset generally during childhood or adolescence and by cerebellar dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018241 biolink:NamedThing primary short bowel syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019441 biolink:NamedThing ATTRV122I amyloidosis Transthyretin (TTR)-related familial amyloidotic cardiomyopathy is a hereditary TTR-related systemic amyloidosis (ATTR) with predominant cardiac involvement resulting from myocardial infiltration of abnormal amyloid protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030330 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, familial restrictive, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009268 biolink:NamedThing Gaucher disease-ophthalmoplegia-cardiovascular calcification syndrome Gaucher disease - ophthalmoplegia - cardiovascular calcification is a variant of Gaucher disease, also known as a Gaucher-like disease that is characterized by cardiac involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012517 biolink:NamedThing atypical Gaucher disease due to saposin C deficiency Any Gaucher disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PSAP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018375 biolink:NamedThing traumatic avascular necrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018376 biolink:NamedThing secondary non-traumatic avascular necrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018378 biolink:NamedThing osteonecrosis of the jaw An area of necrotic bone in the mandible or maxilla. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012126 biolink:NamedThing familial avascular necrosis of femoral head Avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH) is a severely disabling disease characterised by progressive groin pain, a limping gait, leg length discrepancy, collapse of the subchondral bone, limitation of hip function and eventual degeneration of the hip joint requiring total hip arthroplasty. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017015 biolink:NamedThing primary interstitial lung disease specific to childhood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800135 biolink:NamedThing congenital emphysematous lung disease due to Filamin A loss-of-function variant Any interstitial lung disease specific to childhood caused by a loss-of-function variation in the FLNA gene. Female children are reported more often. Rare male patients with loss-of-function FLNA mutation-associated lung disease with residual protein function can survive into infancy with a severe form of the phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009269 biolink:NamedThing geleophysic dysplasia 1 Any geleophysic dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADAMTSL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013612 biolink:NamedThing geleophysic dysplasia 2 Any geleophysic dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FBN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054722 biolink:NamedThing geleophysic dysplasia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009273 biolink:NamedThing hydatidiform mole, recurrent, 1 Any complete hydatidiform mole in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NLRP7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016785 biolink:NamedThing complete hydatidiform mole Complete hydatidiform mole is a type of hydatiform mole characterized by abnormal hyperplastic trophoblasts and hydropic villi due to fertilization of an enucleated ovocyte by one or two haploid spermatozoa that can manifest with vaginal bleeding accompanied by nausea and frequent vomiting, hyperemesis gravidarum, risk of spontaneous miscarriage, hyperthyroidism, and has the potential of developing into choriocarcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013671 biolink:NamedThing hydatidiform mole, recurrent, 2 Any complete hydatidiform mole in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KHDC3L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016787 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid trophoblastic tumor An epithelioid trophoblastic tumor is an extremely rare gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) which generally occurs several years after pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020549 biolink:NamedThing invasive hydatidiform mole A complete hydatidiform mole or very rarely a partial mole that invades the myometrium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009275 biolink:NamedThing neonatal hemochromatosis Neonatal hemochromatosis is a disease in which too much iron builds up inthe body. In this form of hemochromatosis the iron overload begins before birth. This disease tends to progress rapidly and is characterized by liver damage that is apparent at birth or in the first day of life. There are a number of other forms of hemochromatosis. To learn more about these other forms click on the disease names listed below: Hemochromatosis type 1 Hemochromatosis type 2 Hemochromatosis type 3 Hemochromatosis type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011012 biolink:NamedThing African iron overload African iron overload is a rare disorder described in sub-Saharan African populations and is characterized by iron overload due to excess dietary iron intake and possibly genetic factors, leading to hepatic portal fibrosis and micronodular cirrhosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011417 biolink:NamedThing hemochromatosis type 3 Type 3 hemochromatosis is a form of rare hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), a group of diseases characterized by excessive tissue iron deposition of genetic origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011631 biolink:NamedThing hemochromatosis type 4 Hemochromatosis type 4 (also called ferroportin disease) is a form of rare hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), a group of diseases characterized by excessive tissue iron deposition of genetic origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014225 biolink:NamedThing hemochromatosis type 5 Any hereditary hemochromatosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FTH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019257 biolink:NamedThing hemochromatosis type 2 Hemochromatosis type 2 (juvenile) is the early-onset and most severe form of rare hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), a group of diseases characterized by excessive tissue iron deposition of genetic origin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021001 biolink:NamedThing hemochromatosis type 1 Hemochromatosis type 1 (classic) is the most common form of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), a group of diseases characterized by excessive tissue iron deposition. Due to its incidence (1/200-1/1000), it is not considered as a rare disease, unlike the other subforms of the disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016361 biolink:NamedThing isolated hereditary giant platelet disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015372 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant macrothrombocytopenia This syndrome is characterized by congenital thrombocytopenia associated with the presence of large platelets. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020194 biolink:NamedThing congenital alacrima DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009281 biolink:NamedThing glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) deficiency (GDD) is an autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder clinically characterized by encephalopathic crises resulting in striatal injury and a severe dystonic dyskinetic movement disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009529 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate dehydrogenase E3 deficiency Pyruvate dehydrogenase E3 deficiency is a very rare subtype of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDHD) characterized by either early-onset lactic acidosis and delayed development, later-onset neurological dysfunction or liver disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010327 biolink:NamedThing HSD10 mitochondrial disease A rare, life-threatening neurometabolic disease characterized by a progressive neurodegenerative course, epilepsy, retinopathy and progressive cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010657 biolink:NamedThing methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria, type cblX DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013762 biolink:NamedThing lipoic acid synthetase deficiency Lipoic acid synthetase deficiency is a rare condition that affects the mitochondria. Mitochondria are tiny structures found in almost every cell of the body. They are responsible for creating most of the energy necessary to sustain life and support growth. People affected by this condition generally experience early-onset lactic acidosis, severe encephalopathy, seizures, poor growth, hypotonia, and developmental delay. It is caused by changes (mutations) in the LIAS gene and it is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016001 biolink:NamedThing 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria 2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a group of neurometabolic disorders with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from severe neonatal presentations to progressive forms, and asymptomatic cases, characterized biochemically by increased levels of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid in the plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and urine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017686 biolink:NamedThing inborn aminoacylase deficiency An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of aminoacylase activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009284 biolink:NamedThing glutathione synthetase deficiency without 5-oxoprolinuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009947 biolink:NamedThing glutathione synthetase deficiency with 5-oxoprolinuria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009287 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA Glycogenosis due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (G6P) type a, or glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 1a, is a type of glycogenosis due to G6P deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023258 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease type 1 due to SLC37A4 mutation Any glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC37A4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800302 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease Id DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013047 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to lactate dehydrogenase M-subunit deficiency A condition that affects how the body breaks down sugar to use as energy in muscle cells. People withthis conditionexperience fatigue, muscle pain, and cramps during exercise (exercise intolerance). In some people,high-intensity exercise or other strenuous activity leads to the breakdown of muscle tissue (rhabdomyolysis), which can lead to myoglobinuria (rust-colored urine indicating breakdown of muscle tissue) and kidney damage. A skin rash may also develop. The severity of the signs and symptoms varies greatly among affected individuals. Lactate dehydrogenase A deficiency is caused by mutations in the LDHA gene. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011541 biolink:NamedThing dilated cardiomyopathy 1J An extremely rare autosomal dominant syndrome described in two families to date and characterized by moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss manifesting during childhood, and associated with late-onset dilated cardiomyopathy that generally progresses to heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030300 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, 2D DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030366 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, 2E DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030680 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, 2F DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030887 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, 2G DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800367 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, 1LL DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800368 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, 1MM DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009505 biolink:NamedThing lactic aciduria due to D-lactic acid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011236 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinism due to glucokinase deficiency Hyperinsulism due to glucokinase deficiency (HIGCK) is a form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism, caused by a lowered threshold for insulin release, characterized by an excessive/ uncontrolled insulin secretion (inappropriate for the level of glycemia) and recurrent episodes of profound hypoglycemia induced by fasting and protein rich meals, requiring rapid and intensive treatment to prevent neurological sequelae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013587 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to lactate dehydrogenase H-subunit deficiency A condition that affects how the body breaks down sugar to use as energy in muscle cells. Unlike people with lactate dehydrogenase A deficiency, people with this condition typically do not have any signs or symptoms. It is unclear why this condition does not cause any health problems. Affected people are usually diagnosed when routine blood tests reveal reduced activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. LDHBD is caused by mutations in the LDHB gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100164 biolink:NamedThing permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is a monogenic form of neonatal diabetes (NDM) characterized by persistent hyperglycemia within the first 12 months of life in general, requiring continuous insulin treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017961 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of gonadal development DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009300 biolink:NamedThing Perrault syndrome 1 Any Perrault syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HSD17B4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013588 biolink:NamedThing Perrault syndrome 3 Any Perrault syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CLPP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013972 biolink:NamedThing Perrault syndrome 2 Any Perrault syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HARS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014126 biolink:NamedThing Perrault syndrome 4 Any Perrault syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LARS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014504 biolink:NamedThing Perrault syndrome 5 Any Perrault syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TWNK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033047 biolink:NamedThing Perrault syndrome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009307 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous disease with defect in neutrophil chemotaxis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009308 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous disease, chronic, autosomal recessive, cytochrome b-negative DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009309 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous disease, chronic, autosomal recessive, cytochrome b-positive, type 1 Any chronic granulomatous disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NCF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009310 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous disease, chronic, autosomal recessive, cytochrome b-positive, type 2 Any chronic granulomatous disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NCF2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010600 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous disease, chronic, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013507 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous disease, chronic, autosomal recessive, cytochrome b-positive, type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030066 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous disease, chronic, autosomal recessive, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010476 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 5 Beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), also known as static encephalopathy of childhood with neurodegeneration in adulthood, is a rare form of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) characterized by early-onset developmental delay and further neurological deterioration in early adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011706 biolink:NamedThing Kufor-Rakeb syndrome Kufor-Rakeb syndrome (KRS) is a rare genetic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by juvenile Parkinsonism, pyramidal degeneration (dystonia), supranuclear palsy, and cognitive impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013674 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 4 Mitochondrial membrane protein-sssociated neurodegeneration (MPAN), also known as neurogeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) due to C19orf12 mutations, is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by iron accumulation in specific regions of the brain, usually the basal ganglia, and associated with slowly progressive pyramidal (spasticity) and extrapyramidal (dystonia) signs, motor axonal neuropathy, optic atrophy, cognitive decline, and neuropsychiatric abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014290 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 6 COASY protein-associated neurodegeneration (CoPAN) is a very rare, slowly progressive form of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) characterized by classic NBIA features. The clinical manifestations include early-onset spastic-dystonic paraparesis, oromandibular dystonia, dysarthria, parkinsonism, axonal neuropathy, progressive cognitive impairment, complex motor tics, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017998 biolink:NamedThing PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration Any neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLA2G6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054763 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054764 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009329 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary venoocclusive disease 2 A rare form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) characterized by a capillary infiltration of the pulmonary interstitium, bronchioles and pleura leading to elevated pulmonary arterial resistance and right heart failure. PCH is potentially fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020713 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary venoocclusive disease 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009336 biolink:NamedThing hemosiderosis, pulmonary, with deficiency of gamma-a globulin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009337 biolink:NamedThing Hennekam lymphangiectasia-lymphedema syndrome 1 Any Hennekam syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCBE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014454 biolink:NamedThing Hennekam lymphangiectasia-lymphedema syndrome 2 Any Hennekam syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FAT4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032564 biolink:NamedThing hennekam lymphangiectasia-lymphedema syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013825 biolink:NamedThing congenital diarrhea 6 Any congenital diarrhea in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUCY2C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016829 biolink:NamedThing familial visceral myopathy A rare hereditary myopathic degeneration of both gastrointestinal and urinary tracts that causes chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. It usually presents after the first decade of life with megaduodenum, megacystis and symptoms such as abdominal distension and/or pain, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, dysphagia, and/or urinary tract infections.n. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020493 biolink:NamedThing Haddad syndrome Haddad syndrome is a rare congenital disorder in which congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS), or Ondine syndrome, occurs concurrently with Hirschsprung disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009345 biolink:NamedThing histidinemia Histidinemia is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by elevated histidine levels in blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid, generally with no clinical repercussions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010167 biolink:NamedThing urocanic aciduria Encephalopathy due to urocanase deficiency is an extremely rare histidine metabolism disorder characterized by urocanic aciduria and other variable manifestations including intellectual deficit and intermittent ataxia in the 4 cases reported to date. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010083 biolink:NamedThing succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency is a rare neurometabolic disorder of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism with a nonspecific clinical presentation (ranging from mild to severe) with the most frequent symptoms being cognitive impairment with prominent deficit in expressive language, hypotonia, ataxia, epilepsy, and behavioral dysregulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013166 biolink:NamedThing GABA aminotransaminase deficiency Gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T) deficiency is an extremely rare disorder of GABA metabolism characterized by a severe neonatal-infantile epileptic encephalopathy (manifesting with symptoms such as seizures, hypotonia, hyperreflexia and developmental delay) and growth acceleration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009354 biolink:NamedThing methylcobalamin deficiency type cblE An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the MTRR gene, encoding methionine synthase reductase. It is characterized by homocystinuria and megaloblastic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017683 biolink:NamedThing methylcobalamin deficiency type cblDv1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009357 biolink:NamedThing humeroradial synostosis with craniofacial anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017550 biolink:NamedThing humero-radial synostosis, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017551 biolink:NamedThing humero-radial synostosis, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010611 biolink:NamedThing X-linked hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius A form of L1 syndrome caused by changes in the L1CAM gene characterized by severe hydrocephalus mostly with prenatal onset, signs of intracranial hypertension, adducted thumbs, spasticity, and severe intellectual deficit. HSAS represents the severe end of the spectrum and is associated with poor prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014085 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus, nonsyndromic, autosomal recessive 2 Any congenital hydrocephalus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MPDZ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017116 biolink:NamedThing congenital communicating hydrocephalus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017117 biolink:NamedThing congenital non-communicating hydrocephalus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054794 biolink:NamedThing hydrocephalus, congenital, 3, with brain anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009364 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A1 An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMT1 gene, encoding protein O-mannosyl-transferase 1. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, and early death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009667 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A3 An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMGNT1 gene. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, and death usually in the first years of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009678 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A, 4 Fukuyama type muscular dystrophy (FCMD) is a congenital progressive muscular dystrophy characterized by brain malformation (cobblestone lissencephaly), dystrophic changes in skeletal muscle, severe intellectual deficit, epilepsy and motor impairment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013154 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A2 An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMT2 gene. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations and profound mental retardation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013157 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013158 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A6 An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the LARGE gene. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, and death usually in the first years of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013835 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type a, 7 Any muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type A in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ISPD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013904 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type a, 8 Any muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type A in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POMGNT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014022 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type a, 10 Any muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type A in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RXYLT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014071 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type a, 11 Any muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type A in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the B3GALNT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014101 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type a, 12 Any muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type A in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POMK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014120 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014140 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014683 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013159 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with intellectual disability), type B1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009365 biolink:NamedThing hydrolethalus syndrome 1 Any hydrolethalus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HYLS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013585 biolink:NamedThing hydrolethalus syndrome 2 Any hydrolethalus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIF7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009366 biolink:NamedThing normal pressure hydrocephalus A form of compensated hydrocephalus characterized clinically by a slowly progressive gait disorder (see gait disorders, neurologic), progressive intellectual decline, and urinary incontinence. Spinal fluid pressure tends to be in the high normal range. This condition may result from processes which interfere with the absorption of csf including subarachnoid hemorrhage, chronic meningitis, and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp631-3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009368 biolink:NamedThing urofacial syndrome type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014049 biolink:NamedThing urofacial syndrome 2 Any Ochoa syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRIG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009369 biolink:NamedThing non-immune hydrops fetalis Non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), a form of HF, is a severe fetal condition defined as the excessive accumulation of fetal fluid within the fetal extravascular compartments and body cavities, and is the end-stage of a wide variety of disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018221 biolink:NamedThing immune hydrops fetalis Immune hydrops fetalis (IHF), a form of HF, describes the excessive accumulation of fetal fluid within the fetal extravascular compartments and body cavities due to maternal rhesus (Rh) incompatibility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009370 biolink:NamedThing L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a primarily neurological form of 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria characterized by psychomotor retardation, cerebellar ataxia and variable macrocephaly or epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010924 biolink:NamedThing D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (D-2-HGA) is a rare clinically variable neurological form of 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria characterized biochemically by elevated D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid (D-2-HG) in the urine, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014072 biolink:NamedThing D,L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria D,L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a rare inborn error of metabolism characterized by severe neonatal epileptic encephalopathy, episodes of apnea and respiratory distress, severe global developmental delay or absent psychomotor development, severe muscular hypotonia or absent voluntary movements, feeding difficulties and failure to thrive, absence of visual contact, abnormal brain morphology (including cerebral atrophy, ventriculomegaly and hypoplasia or dysplasia of the corpus callosum), mild dysmorphic features (frontal bossing, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, flat nasal bridge), elevated CSF and plasma lactate and urinary Krebs cycle metabolites. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100058 biolink:NamedThing hypervalinemia and hyperleucine-isoleucinemia Elevated levels of plasma valine and leucine/isoleucine levels, associated with symptoms of headache and mild memory loss and attributed to biallelic variants in the BCAT2 gene. BCAT2 encodes branched-chain aminotransferase 2 which catalyzes the transamination of the branched chain amino acids to their respective α-keto acids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009372 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy due to hydroxykynureninuria Encephalopathy due to hydroxykynureninuria is characterised by psychomotor retardation and nonprogressive encephalopathy associated with urinary excretion of large amounts of kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and xanthurenic acid. It has been described in less than 30 patients. Other manifestations may include muscular hypertonia, headaches and stereotyped gestures. This disorder is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. It is caused by a defect in kynureninase, an enzyme of the tryptophane catabolic pathway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010907 biolink:NamedThing familial hypertryptophanemia Familial hypertryptophanemia is characterized by intellectual deficit associated with behavioral problems: periodic mood swings, exaggerated affective responses and abnormal sexual behavior. Twelve cases have been reported so far. Congenital abnormalities in tryptophan metabolism appear to be responsible for the tryptophanemia and tryptophanuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009389 biolink:NamedThing hyperlysinemia due to defect in lysine transport into mitochondria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013628 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 3 Any hyperphosphatasia-intellectual disability syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PGAP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013882 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 2 Any hyperphosphatasia-intellectual disability syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIGO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014318 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 4 Any hyperphosphatasia-intellectual disability syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PGAP3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014457 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 5 Any hyperphosphatasia-intellectual disability syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIGW gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014780 biolink:NamedThing hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 6 Any hyperphosphatasia-intellectual disability syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIGY gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009400 biolink:NamedThing hyperprolinemia type 1 Hyperprolinaemia type I is an inborn error of proline metabolism characterised by elevated levels of proline in the plasma and urine. The prevalence is unknown. The disorder is generally considered to be benign but associations with renal abnormalities, epileptic seizures, and other neurological manifestations, as well as certain forms of schizophrenia have been reported. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and is caused by mutations in the proline dehydrogenase or proline oxidase gene (PRODH or POX, 22q11.2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023419 biolink:NamedThing hyperprolinemia Hyperprolinemia is when there isan excess of a particular protein building block (amino acid), called proline, in the blood. This condition generally occurs when proline is not broken down properly by the body. There are two inherited forms:hyperprolinemia type1 and hyperprolinemia type 2. People with hyperprolinemia type I often do not show any symptoms, although they have proline levels in their blood between 3 and 10 times the normal level. Less commonly, affected individuals can experience seizures, intellectual disability, or other neurological or psychiatric problems. Hyperprolinemia is caused by mutations in the PRODH gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009401 biolink:NamedThing hyperprolinemia type 2 Hyperprolinemia type 2 is an autosomal recessive proline metabolism disorder due to pyroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase deficiency. The condition is often benign but clinical signs may include seizures, intellectual deficit and mild developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100044 biolink:NamedThing acrofrontofacionasal dysostosis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010012 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune polyendocrinopathy type 2 Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome of likely polygenic etiology characterized by the presence of primary adrenal insufficiency in association with autoimmune thyroiditis and/or type 1 diabetes mellitus; this condition is not associated with mucocutaneous candidiasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016423 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune polyendocrinopathy type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009424 biolink:NamedThing Bartter disease type 2 Any Bartter syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100343 biolink:NamedThing antenatal Bartter syndrome A phenotypic variant of Bartter syndrome presenting antenatally with maternal polyhydramnios, pre-term delivery and postnatally with polyuria, and nephrocalcinosis. Hypokalemic alkalosis, increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone, low blood pressure and vascular resistance to angiotensin II are characteristically associated. Genotypically they comprise Type 1 and Type 2 Bartter syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010503 biolink:NamedThing Bartter disease type 5 Any Bartter syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAGED2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100344 biolink:NamedThing Bartter disease type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009433 biolink:NamedThing hypoplastic left heart syndrome 1 Any hypoplastic left heart syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013752 biolink:NamedThing hypoplastic left heart syndrome 2 Any hypoplastic left heart syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NKX2-5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009434 biolink:NamedThing hypoproteinemia, hypercatabolic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011476 biolink:NamedThing MHC class I deficiency Immunodeficiency by defective expression of HLA class 1 is a very rare, primary, genetic, immunodeficiency disorder characterized by partial or complete absence of human leukocyte antigen class I expression resulting in a non-specific clinical picture of impaired immune response and susceptibility to infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009436 biolink:NamedThing congenital hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome Hypothalamic hamartomas (HH) are rare, tumor-like malformations that occur during fetal development and are present at birth. The lesions usually do not change in size or spread to other locations. Both the type and severity of symptoms vary greatly among patients with hypothalamic hamartomas. Common symptoms include frequent gelastic seizures (spontaneous laughing, giggling and/or smirking) or dacrystic seizures (crying or grunting); developmental delays; and/or precocious puberty. Additional symptoms may include cognitive impairment; emotional and behavioral difficulties; and endocrine disturbances. These symptoms often start early in life but are frequently misdiagnosed. For some patients, endocrine (hormonal) disturbances such as central precocious puberty may be the only symptom. These patients can often be treated successfully with medications. For some, however, HH can be disabling. For those with HH and epilepsy, it is common for the disorder to progress and for different types of seizures to develop. The seizures associated with HH often cannot be well-controlled with the standard seizure medications. For some, additional treatment such as surgical removal, radiosurgery, or thermoablation may be indicated. Though hypothalamic hamartomas can occur in patients with certain genetic disorders (such as Pallister-Hall syndrome), the majority of cases are sporadic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009438 biolink:NamedThing hypouricemia, hypercalcinuria, and decreased bone density DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010620 biolink:NamedThing hypouricemia, familial renal, due to tubular hypersecretion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012793 biolink:NamedThing hypouricemia, renal, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020728 biolink:NamedThing hypouricemia, renal 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009439 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 2 An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the ALOX12B gene, encoding arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R-type. It is characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017267 biolink:NamedThing self-healing collodion baby Self-healing collodion baby (SHCB) is a minor variant of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) characterized by the presence of a collodion membrane at birth that heals within the first weeks of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019306 biolink:NamedThing congenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma A variant of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI), a rare epidermal disease, characterized by fine, whitish scales on a background of erythematous skin over the whole body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014009 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 7 An autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis characterized by fine whitish scales, moderate to severe erythroderma, compact hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, acanthosis, and papillomatosis that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 12p11.2-q13.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014010 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 9 Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CERS3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014011 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 10 Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PNPLA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009441 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 1 Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TGM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015018 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 12 Any autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CASP14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015085 biolink:NamedThing bathing suit ichthyosis Bathing suit ichthyosis (BSI) is a rare variant of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) characterized by the presence of large dark scales in specific areas of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017268 biolink:NamedThing acral self-healing collodion baby Acral self-healing collodion baby (SHCB) is a variant of SHCB characterized by the presence at birth of a collodion membrane only at the extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033091 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033092 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044742 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive epidermolytic ichthyosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009443 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 4B Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is the most severe variant of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI). It is characterized at birth by the presence of large, thick, plate-like scales over the whole body associated with severe ectropion, eclabium, and flattened ears, that later develops into a severe scaling erythroderma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009454 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 1 Any immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNMT3B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013553 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 2 Any immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZBTB24 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014828 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 3 Any immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDCA7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014829 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 4 Any immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HELLS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009456 biolink:NamedThing Immunoerythromyeloid hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011559 biolink:NamedThing benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013812 biolink:NamedThing Baraitser-winter syndrome 2 Any Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACTG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0009471 biolink:NamedThing intrinsic factor and r binder, combined congenital deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010023 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to ZAP70 deficiency Combined immunodeficiency due to ZAP70 deficiency is a very rare, severe, genetic, combined immunodeficiency disorder characterized by lymphocytosis, decreased peripheral CD8+ T-cells, and presence of normal circulating CD4+ T-cells, leading to immune dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010455 biolink:NamedThing X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection and neoplasia X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection and neoplasia is a rare combined T and B cell immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent sinopulmonary and viral infections, persistent elevated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viremia and increased susceptibility to EBV-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Immunological analyses show normal lymphocyte count or mild to moderate lymphopenia, inverted CD4:CD8 T-cell ratio and hypogammaglobulinemias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010514 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to moesin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012161 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to respiratory infections associated with CD8alpha chain mutation Susceptibility to respiratory infections associated with CD8 alpha chain mutation is a rare primary immunodeficiency due to a defect in adaptive immunity characterized by the absence of CD8+ T cells with normal immunoglobulin and specific antibody titres in blood and susceptibility to recurrent respiratory bacterial and viral infections. Symptom severity range from fatal respiratory insufficiency to mild or asymptomatic phenotypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013934 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to STK4 deficiency Combined immunodeficiency due to STK4 deficiency is a rare, genetic combined T and B cell immunodeficiency characterized by T- and B-cell lymphopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia and intermittent neutropenia. It presents with recurrent opportunistic viral, bacterial and fungal infections involving skin (cutaneous papillomatosis, molluscum contagiosum, skin abscesses, mucocutaneous candidiasis), upper and lower respiratory tract or septicemia. Other clinical features include autoimmune manifestations (autoimmune hemolytic anemia) and congenital heart defects (atrial septal defects, patent foramen ovale, mitral, triscupid and pulmonary valve insufficiency). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014082 biolink:NamedThing cryptosporidiosis-chronic cholangitis-liver disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014160 biolink:NamedThing TCR-alpha-beta-positive T-cell deficiency A non-severe combined immunodeficiency disorder manifesting with recurrent respiratory infections, candidiasis, diarrhea, and failure to thrive. Patients show a clear predisposition to herpes viral infections, and features of immune dysregulation, including hypereosinophilia, vitiligo, and alopecia areata. Other features include lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. CD3+ T-cells express TCR- gamma|delta, but little or no TCR-alpha|beta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014197 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to MALT1 deficiency Combined immunodeficiency due to MALT1 deficiency is a rare, genetic form of primary immunodeficiency characterized by growth retardation, early recurrent pulmonary infections leading to bronchiectasis, inflammatory gastrointestinal disease, and other symptoms, such as rash, dermatitis, skin infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014276 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to CD3gamma deficiency Combined immunodeficiency due to CD3gamma deficiency is an extremely rare genetic combined primary immunodeficiency characterized by a selective partial lymphopenia (T+/-B+NK+) phenotype and decreased CD3 complex resulting in a variable but usually mild clinical presentation ranging from asymptomatic until adulthood to high susceptibility to infections from early infancy with predominant automimmune manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014637 biolink:NamedThing DOCK2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014645 biolink:NamedThing BENTA disease BENTA disease (B cell Expansion with N F-N:B and T cell Anergy) is a very rare congenital immune deficiency disorder. The main symptoms include spleen enlargement (splenomegalia) and frequent ear, sinus, and lung infections early in life. Some patients can present with molluscum contagiosum or chronic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Blood exams show alterations of several immune cells with very high numbers of polyclonal B cell lymphocytos (above 2200/N12.5 mm) and a deep anterior eye chamber, without an elevation in intraocular pressure. It can manifest with mild to moderate myopia as well as photophobia and iridodonesis (due to iris hypoplasia). Associated complications include lens dislocation, retinal detachment, presenile cataract development, and secondary glaucoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015942 biolink:NamedThing frontometaphyseal dysplasia Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD) belongs to the otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorder and is characterized by anomalous ossification and skeletal patterning of the axial and appendicular skeleton, facial dysmorphism and conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016196 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of emerin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021023 biolink:NamedThing complete androgen insensitivity syndrome Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is a form of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS), a disorder of sex development (DSD), characterized by the presence of female external genitalia in a 46,XY individual with normal testis development but undescended testes and unresponsiveness to age-appropriate levels of androgens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010727 biolink:NamedThing Russell-silver syndrome, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014663 biolink:NamedThing Silver-Russell syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016479 biolink:NamedThing silver-Russell syndrome due to 7p11.2p13 microduplication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016480 biolink:NamedThing silver-Russell syndrome due to an imprinting defect of 11p15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016481 biolink:NamedThing silver-Russell syndrome due to 11p15 microduplication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016482 biolink:NamedThing silver-Russell syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019913 biolink:NamedThing silver-Russell syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 Silver-Russell syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 is a genetic malformation syndrome with short stature characterized by severe prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, feeding difficulties, body asymmetry, dysmorphic craniofacial features (triangular-shaped face, relative macrocephaly, frontal bossing, micrognathia, down-turned corners of the mouth) and other anomalies (fifth finger clinodactyly, café au lait macules, male genital anomalies, mild developmental delay and/or speech delay with movement disorders). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020795 biolink:NamedThing Silver-Russell syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020796 biolink:NamedThing Silver-Russell syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030116 biolink:NamedThing silver-russell syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030118 biolink:NamedThing silver-russell syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010743 biolink:NamedThing thrombocytopenia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017057 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thrombocytopenia with normal platelets DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016489 biolink:NamedThing delta-beta-thalassemia Delta-beta-thalassemia is a form of beta-thalassemia characterized by decreased or absent synthesis of the delta- and beta-globin chains with a compensatory increase in expression of fetal gamma-chain synthesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016490 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin C-beta-thalassemia syndrome Hemoglobin C - beta-thalassemia (HbC - BT) is a form of beta-thalassemia resulting in moderate hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016491 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin E-beta-thalassemia syndrome Hemoglobin E - beta-thalassemia (HbE - BT) is a form of beta-thalassemia that results in a mild to severe clinical presentation ranging from a condition indistinguishable from beta-thalassemia major to a mild form of beta-thalassemia intermedia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018022 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin Lepore-beta-thalassemia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018749 biolink:NamedThing hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-beta-thalassemia syndrome Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) associated with beta-thalassemia is characterized by high hemoglobin (Hb) F levels and an increased number of fetal-Hb-containing-cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010752 biolink:NamedThing VACTERL association, X-linked, with or without hydrocephalus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026762 biolink:NamedThing Wieacker-Wolff syndrome, female-restricted DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033304 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic deafness, Y-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010763 biolink:NamedThing spermatogenic failure, Y-linked, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0056795 biolink:NamedThing X-linked spermatogenic failure 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010764 biolink:NamedThing hearing loss, Y-linked 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027048 biolink:NamedThing deafness, Y-linked 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017968 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY ovotesticular disorder of sex development 46,XY ovotesticular disorder of sex development is a rare, genetic disorder of sex development characterized by either the coexistence of both male and female reproductive gonads or, more frequently, by the presence of one or both gonads containing a mixture of both testicular and ovarian tissue (ovotestes) in an individual with a normal male 46, XY karyotype. External genitalia are usually ambiguous, but can range from normal male to normal female and if a uterus and/or fallopian tubes are present, they are generally hypoplastic. Cryptorchidism, hypospadias, infertility and increased risk of gonadal tumours are frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016391 biolink:NamedThing neonatal diabetes mellitus Neonatal diabetes mellitus presents as hyperglycemia, failure to thrive and, in some cases, dehydration and ketoacidosis which may be severe with coma, in a child within the first months of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016807 biolink:NamedThing pure mitochondrial myopathy Pure mitochondrial myopathy is a rare mitochondrial disease characterized by exclusive skeletal muscle involvement, without clinical evidence of other organ involvement, manifesting with progressive limb weakness, proximal limb muscle atrophy, and eye muscle anomalies (e.g. ocular motility restriction, ptosis). Patients may present with lactic acidosis, diffuse myalgia and overall fatigability (particularly during/after physical activities), dysphagia, and diminished deep tendon reflexes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010774 biolink:NamedThing striatonigral degeneration, infantile, mitochondrial DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016297 biolink:NamedThing prelingual non-syndromic genetic hearing loss A rare, genetically highly heterogeneous otorhinolaryngologic disease, resulting from inner and/or middle ear or hearing nerve anomalies, typically characterized by bilateral, severe to profound hearing loss (mean sensorineural hearing impairment of 60 dB or more for 500-, 1,000-, and 2,000-Hz frequency tones in the better ear) which occurs before the onset of speech development and is not associated with visible external ear abnormalities or any other medical problems. It is usually nonprogressive and impedes oral language acquisition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016298 biolink:NamedThing postlingual non-syndromic genetic hearing loss Postlingual non-syndromic genetic deafness is a rare, genetically highly heterogeneous otorhinolaryngologic disease, resulting from inner and/or middle ear or hearing nerve anomalies, typically characterized by progressive, bilateral, moderate to profound hearing loss (mean sensorineural hearing impairment equal to 40 dB or more for 500-, 1,000-, and 2,000-Hz frequency tones in the better ear) which occurs after the onset of speech development and is not associated with visible external ear abnormalities or any other medical problems. Language development is not initially significantly delayed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010782 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013307 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia 2 Any mitochondrial myopathy and sideroblastic anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the YARS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024553 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia 1 Any myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PUS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016226 biolink:NamedThing specific language disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011184 biolink:NamedThing childhood apraxia of speech DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010822 biolink:NamedThing Warburg micro syndrome 1 Any Warburg micro syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAB3GAP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013638 biolink:NamedThing Warburg micro syndrome 3 Any Warburg micro syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAB18 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013641 biolink:NamedThing Warburg micro syndrome 2 Any Warburg micro syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAB3GAP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014296 biolink:NamedThing Warburg micro syndrome 4 Any Warburg micro syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBC1D20 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100274 biolink:NamedThing alkylglycerone-phosphate synthase deficiency Any disorder of plasmalogen biosynthesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AGPS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010829 biolink:NamedThing CARASIL syndrome CARASIL is a hereditary cerebral small vessel disease characterized by early-onset gait disturbances, premature scalp alopecia, ischemic stroke, acute mid to lower back pain and progressive cognitive disturbances leading to severe dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018832 biolink:NamedThing HTRA1-related autosomal dominant cerebral small vessel disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010831 biolink:NamedThing familial caudal dysgenesis Familial caudal dysgenesis is a rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by varying degrees of caudal dysgenesis, ranging from a single umbilical artery or imperforate anus to full sirenomelia, in several members of the same family. Phenotype includes lumbosacral agenesis, anal atresia or ectopia, genitourinary abnormalities, components of VATER or VACTERL association, and facial dysmorphism (flat facies, abnormal ears, bilateral epicanthic folds, depressed nasal bridge, micrognathia). Additional features reported include cardiovascular (e.g. endocardial cushion defect, hypoplasia of pulmonary artery) and skeletal (kyphosis, hemipelvis) anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010836 biolink:NamedThing nanophthalmos 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012299 biolink:NamedThing nanophthalmos 2 Any nanophthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MFRP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012754 biolink:NamedThing nanophthalmos 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014426 biolink:NamedThing nanophthalmos 4 Any nanophthalmia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM98 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010844 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 2 Any multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL9A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010964 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 3 Any multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL9A3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013591 biolink:NamedThing epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 6 Any multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL9A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010850 biolink:NamedThing Tessier number 4 facial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015415 biolink:NamedThing oblique facial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015416 biolink:NamedThing Tessier number 5 facial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015417 biolink:NamedThing Tessier number 6 facial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015480 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of superior eyelid Coloboma of superior eyelid is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by a typically unilateral, partial or full-thickness, variably sized defect of the superior eyelid, ranging from a small notch to complete absence of the entire lid, which is commonly triangular in shape (with base at eyelid margin) and located on the medial third of the lid. It can occur isolated, associated with other anomalies (e.g. ocular/orbital and facial), or as part of a syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015481 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of inferior eyelid Coloboma of inferior eyelid is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by a unilateral or bilateral, partial or full-thickness, variably sized defect of the inferior eyelid (ranging from a small notch to complete absence of the entire lid) which is usually triangular in shape (with base at eyelid margin) and located on the lateral third of the lid. It can occur isolated, associated with facial clefting or as part of a syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010857 biolink:NamedThing semantic dementia Semantic dementia (SD) is a form of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), characterized by the progressive, amodal and profound loss of semantic knowledge (combination of visual associative agnosia, anomia, surface dyslexia or dysgraphia and disrupted comprehension of word meaning) and behavioral abnormalities, attributable to the degeneration of the anterior temporal lobes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010859 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular septal defect 3 Any atrioventricular septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013747 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular septal defect 4 Any atrioventricular septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GATA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013769 biolink:NamedThing atrioventricular septal defect 5 Any atrioventricular septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GATA6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014344 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types, 4 Any congenital heart defects, multiple types in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NR2F2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015275 biolink:NamedThing partial atrioventricular canal Partial atrioventricular canal (PAVC) is a congenital heart malformation characterized by an atrial septal defect (ASD; ostium primum), clefts of mitral and occasionally tricuspid valves, two separate atrioventricular (AV) valve annuli and an intact ventricular septum. The typical symptoms of PAVC are impaired exercise capacity and exertional dyspnea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010868 biolink:NamedThing rippling muscle disease 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019947 biolink:NamedThing rippling muscle disease 2 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the CAV3 gene, encoding caveolin-3. It is characterized by mechanically triggered contractions of skeletal muscles. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1C is an allelic disorder with an overlapping phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010870 biolink:NamedThing tibial muscular dystrophy A distal myopathy characterized by weakness of the muscles of the anterior compartment of lower limbs, appearing in the fourth to seventh decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011466 biolink:NamedThing distal myopathy, Welander type Welander distal myopathy (WDM) is a distal myopathy, characterized by weakness in the distal upper extremities, usually finger and wrist extensors which later progresses to all hand muscles and distal lower extremity, primarily in toe and ankle extensors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012130 biolink:NamedThing myofibrillar myopathy 2 Any autosomal dominant distal myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYAB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012410 biolink:NamedThing Finnish upper limb-onset distal myopathy Finnish upper limb-onset distal myopathy is a rare, genetic distal myopathy characterized by slowly progressive distal to proximal limb muscle weakness and atrophy, with characteristic early involvement of thenar and hypothenar muscles. Patients present with clumsiness of the hands and stumbling in the fourth to fifth decade of life, and later develop steppage gait and contractures of the hands. Progressive fatty degeneration affects intrinsic muscles of the hands, gluteus medium and both anterior and posterior compartment muscles of the distal lower extremities, with later involvement of forearm muscles, triceps, infraspinatus and the proximal lower limb muscles. Asymmetry of muscle involvement is common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013550 biolink:NamedThing distal myopathy with posterior leg and anterior hand involvement Distal myopathy with posterior leg and anterior hand involvement, also named distal ABD-filaminopathy, is a neuromuscular disease characterized by a progressive symmetric muscle weakness of anterior upper and posterior lower limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013686 biolink:NamedThing distal myopathy, Tateyama type Distal myopathy, Tateyama type is a rare, genetic, slowly progressive, distal myopathy disorder characterized by muscle atrophy and weakness limited to the small muscles of the hands and feet (in particular, thenar and hypothenar muscle atrophy), increased serum creatine kinase, and severely reduced caveolin-3 expression on muscle biopsy. Some patients may also show calf hypertrophy, pes cavus, and signs of muscle hyperexcitability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018006 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset distal myopathy due to VCP mutation Adult-onset distal myopathy due to VCP mutation is a rare, genetic distal myopathy disorder characterized by middle age-onset of distal leg muscle weakness, atrophy in the anterior compartment resulting in foot drop, without proximal or scapular skeletal muscle weakness. Rapidly progressive dementia, Paget disease of bone and hand weakness have been reported. Muscle biopsy shows pronounced myopathic changes with rimmed vacuoles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018370 biolink:NamedThing KLHL9-related early-onset distal myopathy KLHL9-related early-onset distal myopathy is a rare, genetic distal myopathy characterized by slowly progressive distal limb muscle weakness and atrophy (beginning with anterior tibial muscle involvement followed by the intrinsic hand muscles) in association with reduced sensation in a stocking-glove distribution. Patients present with high stepping gait, ankle areflexia and contractures in the first to second decade of life, associated with marked ankle extensor muscle atrophy; later proximal muscle involvement is moderate and ambulation is preserved throughout the life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018951 biolink:NamedThing distal myopathy with vocal cord weakness Distal myopathy with vocal cord and pharyngeal weakness is an adult-onset, autosomal dominant muscular disease which is characterized by muscle weakness in the feet and hands, combined with vocal or swallowing dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012448 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 33 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZFYVE27 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014209 biolink:NamedThing early-onset progressive neurodegeneration-blindness-ataxia-spasticity syndrome Early-onset progressive neurodegeneration-blindness-ataxia-spasticity syndrome is a genetic neurodegenerative disease characterized by normal early development followed by childhood onset optic atrophy with progressive vision loss and eventually blindness, followed by progressive neurological decline that typically includes cerebellar ataxia, nystagmus, dorsal column dysfunction (decreased vibration and position sense), spastic paraplegia and finally tetraparesis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015149 biolink:NamedThing pure hereditary spastic paraplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017913 biolink:NamedThing pure or complex hereditary spastic paraplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030482 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 84, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030512 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 85, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030673 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 86, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031019 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 87, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032737 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 80, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032905 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 81, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032906 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 82, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033614 biolink:NamedThing spastic paraplegia 83, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016901 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2 Chromosome 2q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 2. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 2q deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012864 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 2q32-q33 deletion syndrome 2q32q33 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by a variable phenotype involving moderate to severe intellectual deficit, significant speech delay, persistent feeding difficulties, growth retardation and dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012870 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 2q31.2 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015566 biolink:NamedThing 2q24 microdeletion syndrome 2q24 microdeletion syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly consisting of a partial long arm deletion of chromosome 2 and characterized clinically by a wide range of manifestations (depending on the specific region deleted) which can include seizures, microcephaly, dysmorphic features, cleft palate, eye abnormalities (coloboma, cataract and microphthalmia), growth retardation, failure to thrive, heart defects, limb anomalies, developmental delay and autism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015583 biolink:NamedThing 2p21 microdeletion syndrome The 2p21 microdeletion syndrome consists of cystinuria, neonatal seizures, hypotonia, severe growth and developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, and lactic acidemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016459 biolink:NamedThing 2q23.1 microdeletion syndrome The newly described 2q23.1 microdeletion syndrome includes severe intellectual deficit with pronounced speech delay, behavioral abnormalities including hyperactivity and inappropriate laughter, short stature and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016652 biolink:NamedThing 2q31.1 microdeletion syndrome 2q31.1 microdeletion syndrome is a well-defined and clinically recognisable syndrome characterized by moderate to severe developmental delay, short stature, facial dysmorphism and variable limb defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016653 biolink:NamedThing 2q33.1 microdeletion syndrome 2q33.1 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2, with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by severe intellectual disability, moderate to severe developmental delay (particularly speech), feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, hypotonia, thin, sparse hair, various dental abnormalities and cleft/high-arched palate. Typical dysmorphic features inlcude high, prominent forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures and prominent nasal bridge with beaked nose. Various behavioral problems (e.g. hyperactivity, chaotic/repetitive behavior, touch avoidance) are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016855 biolink:NamedThing Mowat-Wilson syndrome due to monosomy 2q22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010898 biolink:NamedThing Autosomal dominant epilepsy with auditory features A rare, genetic, familial partial epilepsy disease characterized by focal seizures associated with prominent ictal auditory symptoms, and/or receptive aphasia, presenting in two or more family members and having a relatively benign evolution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011965 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy 2 A temporal lobe epilepsy characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of complex or partial seizures and childhood febrile seizures that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 12q22-q23.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012705 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012706 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy 4 A temporal lobe epilepsy characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of occipitotemporal lobe epilepsy and migraine with visual aura and that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 9q21-q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013741 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy 5 A temporal lobe epilepsy that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the CPA6 gene on chromosome 8q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014308 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy 6 A temporal lobe epilepsy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 3q25-q26. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014639 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy 7 A temporal lobe epilepsy characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of focal seizures with prominent auditory symptoms and that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the RELN gene on chromosome 7q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014650 biolink:NamedThing familial temporal lobe epilepsy 8 A temporal lobe epilepsy characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of complex partial seizures with occasional secondary generalization and that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the GAL gene on chromosome 11q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010899 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 1 Any autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHRNA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011297 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 2 An autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 15q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011545 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 3 Any autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHRNB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012474 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 4 Any autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHRNA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014002 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 5 Any autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010903 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis, Adelaide type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011347 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis with ectopia lentis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012006 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis with ocular abnormalities and hallucal defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022890 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis Fontaine type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022891 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis Maroteaux Fonfria type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022892 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis alopecia brain defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022893 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis arthrogryposis cleft palate DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022894 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022895 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis cleft lip palate arthrogryposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022896 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis contractures cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022897 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis exostoses nevus epibulbar dermoid DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022898 biolink:NamedThing craniosynostosis intellectual disability heart defects DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850073 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic unicoronal craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850074 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic unilambdoid craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850075 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic unifrontosphenoidal craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850076 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic unisquamosal craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850077 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic multisutural craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850078 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic non-specific multisutural craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850079 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic bilambdoid craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850080 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic unicoronal and sagittal craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850081 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850082 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic bicoronal and metopic craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850083 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic bicoronal and sagittal craniosynostosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016044 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip/palate Cleft lip and palate is a fissure type embryopathy extending across the upper lip, nasal base, alveolar ridge and the hard and soft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012142 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 5 Any orofacial cleft in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014772 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 15 Any cleft lip/palate in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DLX4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010909 biolink:NamedThing UV-sensitive syndrome 1 Any UV-sensitive syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013829 biolink:NamedThing UV-sensitive syndrome 2 Any UV-sensitive syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013834 biolink:NamedThing UV-sensitive syndrome 3 Any UV-sensitive syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UVSSA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010912 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 3A, with or without extraocular involvement Any congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012270 biolink:NamedThing Tukel syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012310 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, with synergistic divergence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800209 biolink:NamedThing fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 3b DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100154 biolink:NamedThing TUBB3-related tubulinopathy A tubulinopathy syndrome associated with malformations of cortical development, axon guidance defects, white matter abnormalities, and/or congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM), due to de novo or dominantly inherited variants with high penetrance. Individuals may present with variable combinations of malformations of cortical development, dysplasia of the basal ganglia, brainstem, and/or cerebellum, CFEOM, additional cranial nerve involvement, Kallmann syndrome, cyclic vomiting, peripheral neuropathy, and/or contractures. Developmental delays, intellectual disability, ocular motor apraxia, and mirror movements are also frequent features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010927 biolink:NamedThing orofacial cleft 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010943 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 4 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of PRODH on chromosome 22q11.21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011280 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 6 A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD6 on chromosome 8p21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011498 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 9 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation of DISC1 on chromosome 1q42.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012879 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 14 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 2q32.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013089 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 13 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 15q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014092 biolink:NamedThing schizophrenia 18 A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation of SLC1A1 on chromosome 9p24.2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010961 biolink:NamedThing obesity due to prohormone convertase I deficiency Prohormone convertase-I deficiency is the rarest form of monogenic obesity. The disorder is characterised by severe childhood obesity, hypoadrenalism, reactive hypoglycaemia, and elevated circulating levels of certain prohormones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013991 biolink:NamedThing obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency Congenital leptin deficiency is a form of monogenic obesity characterised by severe early-onset obesity and marked hyperphagia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013992 biolink:NamedThing obesity due to leptin receptor gene deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020075 biolink:NamedThing genetic non-syndromic obesity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012335 biolink:NamedThing obesity due to pro-opiomelanocortin deficiency Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) deficiency is a form of monogenic obesity resulting in severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency, red hair and pale skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014309 biolink:NamedThing obesity due to CEP19 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017994 biolink:NamedThing severe early-onset obesity-insulin resistance syndrome due to SH2B1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018244 biolink:NamedThing obesity due to SIM1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019115 biolink:NamedThing obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency is the commonest form of monogenic obesity identified so far. MC4R deficiency is characterised by severe obesity, an increase in lean body mass and bone mineral density, increased linear growth in early childhood, hyperphagia beginning in the first year of life and severe hyperinsulinaemia, in the presence of preserved reproductive function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010974 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 2 Any nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NPHS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012546 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 3 Any nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLCE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013619 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 6 Any nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTPRO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013836 biolink:NamedThing familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014099 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 8 Any nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARHGDIA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014257 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 9 Any nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COQ8B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014373 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 10 Any nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EMP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014752 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 11 Any familial nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NUP107 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014817 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 12 Any familial nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NUP93 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014818 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome, type 13 Any familial nephrotic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NUP205 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019652 biolink:NamedThing familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial proliferation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019653 biolink:NamedThing familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with minimal changes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019654 biolink:NamedThing familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016199 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of protein SERCA1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016058 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015427 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal dyskinesia Paroxysmal dyskinesia (PD) is a rare heterogenous group of movement disorders manifesting as abnormal involuntary movements that recur episodically and last only a brief time. PD includes paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD), paroxysmal exertion-induced dyskinesia (PED) and a variant form of PKD, infantile convulsion and choreoathetosis (ICCA syndrome). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019113 biolink:NamedThing benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy (BPTI) is a rare functional disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of torticollic posturing of the head (inclination or tilting of the head to one side) in healthy children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010985 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011930 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 2 Any epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADRA2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013322 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014055 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014167 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 5 Any epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CNTN2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054846 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054847 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010988 biolink:NamedThing aplasia cutis-myopia syndrome Aplasia cutis-myopia syndrome is characterised by the association of aplasia cutis congenita with high myopia, congenital nystagmus and cone-rod dysfunction. It has been described in two siblings (brother and sister). Transmission is autosomal dominant. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021907 biolink:NamedThing aplasia cutis autosomal recessive Aplasia cutis with autosomal recessive inheritance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021908 biolink:NamedThing aplasia cutis congenita dominant Aplasia cutis congenita with with autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced penetrance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0010997 biolink:NamedThing supranuclear palsy, progressive, 1 Classical progressive supranuclear palsy, also known as Richardson's syndrome, is the most common clinical variant of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), a rare late-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by postural instability, progressive rigidity, supranuclear gaze palsy and mild dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012278 biolink:NamedThing supranuclear palsy, progressive, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012576 biolink:NamedThing supranuclear palsy, progressive, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011001 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 1 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN5A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012728 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 2 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GPD1L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012742 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 3 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNA1C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012743 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 4 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CACNB2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013015 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 5 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013145 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 6 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNE3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013146 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 7 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN3B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013148 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 8 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HCN4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014621 biolink:NamedThing Brugada syndrome 9 Any Brugada syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCND3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019551 biolink:NamedThing hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032792 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, type VIc, with optic atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011006 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 9A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018644 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant complex spastic paraplegia type 9B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011013 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hypocalcemia 1 Any autosomal dominant hypocalcemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CASR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014146 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hypocalcemia 2 An autosomal dominant hypocalcemia disease that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the GNA11 gene on chromosome 19p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011015 biolink:NamedThing cataract 24 A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 17p13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016144 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of delta-sarcoglycan DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013308 biolink:NamedThing CBL-related disorder CBL-related disorder is a genetic condition caused by pathogenic variants in the Cbl ubiquitin ligase gene, (CBL; HGNC:1541). Due to the proposed mechanism indicating the CBL gene's relationship to the RAS-MAPK pathway and the phenotypic presentation similar to that of the RASopathies, CBL-related disorder should be considered a RASopathy disorder. Though there is a wide spectrum of phenotypic variability, broadly, patients with CBL-related disorder have presented with developmental delay, intellectual disability, neurodevelopmental alterations, prenatal lymphatic anomalies, cardiac malformations as well as vascular anomalies particularly affecting the brain (e.g. Moya-moya arteriopathies), craniofacial features indicative of a RASopathy, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, edema of the legs, musculoskeletal and respiratory thorax abnormalities, ectodermal features including cafe-au-lait spots, immunological and hematological disorders and susceptibility to tumors diagnosed as juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) that is usually self-remitting. Note tumor risk beyond JMML has not yet been thoroughly assessed. Due to the clinical presentation of a broad spectrum of these and other phenotypes in patients with variants in CBL, these conditions are currently defined by experts in reference to the causal gene, CBL. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011062 biolink:NamedThing aprosencephaly cerebellar dysgenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011070 biolink:NamedThing van Maldergem syndrome 1 Any van Maldergem syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DCHS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014242 biolink:NamedThing van Maldergem syndrome 2 Any van Maldergem syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FAT4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016630 biolink:NamedThing isolated delta-storage pool disease Isolated delta-storage pool disease is a rare, isolated, constitutional thrombocytopenia disorder characterized by defective formation and/or malfunction of platelet dense granules, as well as melanosomes in skin cells, resulting in variable manifestations ranging from mild bleeding and easy bruising to moderate mucous/cutaneous hemorrhagic diathesis and bleeding complications after surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035441 biolink:NamedThing congenital autosomal recessive small-platelet thrombocytopenia A rare isolated constitutional thrombocytopenia characterized by neonatal onset of small-platelet thrombocytopenia with significantly increased bleeding tendency. Bleeding symptoms include petechial rash, mucosal bleeding, and heavy menstrual bleeding. Growth and development are normal, and there is no increased susceptibility to infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011073 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, transient neonatal, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020525 biolink:NamedThing transient neonatal diabetes mellitus Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a genetically heterogeneous form of neonatal diabetes (NDM) characterized by hyperglycemia presenting in the neonatal period that remits during infancy but recurs in later life in most patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012480 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, transient neonatal, 2 Any transient neonatal diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCC8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012522 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, transient neonatal, 3 Any transient neonatal diabetes mellitus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011403 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 1 Any left ventricular noncompaction in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DTNA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012285 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014042 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 7 Any left ventricular noncompaction in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MIB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800346 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800350 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800351 biolink:NamedThing left ventricular noncompaction 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011118 biolink:NamedThing bilineal acute myeloid leukemia An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage in which there is a dual population of blasts with each population expressing markers of a distinct lineage (myeloid and lymphoid or B-and T-lymphocyte). (WHO, 2001) -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020321 biolink:NamedThing acute undifferentiated leukemia A rare acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage in which the blasts do not express markers specific to myeloid or lymphoid lineage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020743 biolink:NamedThing mixed phenotype acute leukemia An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage. It is characterized by the presence of either separate populations of blasts of more than one lineage, or one population of blasts co-expressing markers of more than one lineage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011125 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 1, photosensitive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014615 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 2, photosensitive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014619 biolink:NamedThing trichothiodystrophy 3, photosensitive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011139 biolink:NamedThing preaxial hallucal polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016018 biolink:NamedThing diabetic embryopathy Diabetic embryopathy is characterized by congenital anomalies or foetal/neonatal complications in an infant that are linked to diabetes in the mother. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016933 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy/tetrasomy of the short arm of chromosome 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011153 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 2 Any hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ11 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015624 biolink:NamedThing diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017186 biolink:NamedThing diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulinism Diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulism (DRH) is form of congenital isolated hyperinsulism caused by an abnormal insulin production by B-cells in the pancreas that can be diffuse or focal and is characterized by an excessive/ uncontrolled insulin secretion (inappropriate for the level of glycemia), recurrent episodes of profound hypoglycemia and resistance to medical management with diazoxide. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011158 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011383 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2A A rare, primary immunodeficiency with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance but incomplete penetrance. It is caused by a mutation in the CASP10 (caspase-10) gene that leads to defective Fas-induced apoptosis. Disruption of Fas-induced apoptosis impairs lymphocyte homeostasis and immune tolerance. Characteristic laboratory findings include an increase in circulating, double-negative (CD4-/CD8-) T cells in the setting of immune-mediated anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Clinical signs present in childhood include fatigue, pallor, bruising, hepatosplenomegaly and chronic, non-malignant, non-infectious lymphadenopathy. The clinical course is influenced by a strong association with other autoimmune disorders and an increased risk for developing Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011804 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2B Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) with recurrent viral infections is a rare genetic disorder characterized by lymphadenopathy and/or splenomegaly and recurrent infections due to herpes viruses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013767 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 4 RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disease (RALD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by monocytosis, autoimmune cytopenias, lymphoproliferation, hepatosplenomegaly, and hypergammaglobulinemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014493 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome due to CTLA4 haploinsuffiency A somatic mutation in the CTLA4 gene resulting in only a single functional gene. Haploinsufficiency for CTLA4 is associated with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, type V. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000023 biolink:NamedThing type 3 autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome A rare, primary immunodeficiency. It is caused by a currently undetermined defect in the Fas-induced apoptosis pathway. No mutations in Fas, FASLG or CASP10 are detectable. Disruption of Fas-induced apoptosis impairs lymphocyte homeostasis and immune tolerance. Characteristic laboratory findings include an increase in circulating, double-negative (CD4-/CD8-) T cells in the setting of immune-mediated anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Clinical signs present in childhood include fatigue, pallor, bruising, hepatosplenomegaly and chronic, non-malignant, non-infectious lymphadenopathy. The clinical course is influenced by a strong association with other autoimmune disorders and an increased risk for developing Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000024 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, type III caused by mutation in PRKCD Any autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKCD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011165 biolink:NamedThing glomerulopathy with fibronectin deposits 2 Any fibronectin glomerulopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024527 biolink:NamedThing glomerulopathy with fibronectin deposits 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012208 biolink:NamedThing congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythroderma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017851 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis A rare genetic chronic skin disorder characterized by hyperkeratosis and transient erythema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016192 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of telethonin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011175 biolink:NamedThing Friedreich ataxia 2 Any Friedreich ataxia with the locus FRDA2, which has linkage to chromosome 9p23-p11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100340 biolink:NamedThing Friedreich ataxia 1 Any Friedreich ataxia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FXN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800301 biolink:NamedThing Friedreich ataxia with retained reflexes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011176 biolink:NamedThing intestinal hypomagnesemia 1 Primary hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia (PHSH) is a form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH), characterized by severe hypomagnesemia and secondary hypocalcemia associated with neurological symptoms, including generalized seizures, tetany and muscle spasms. PHSH may be fatal or may result in chronic irreversible neurological complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017626 biolink:NamedThing familial primary hypomagnesemia with normocalcuria Familial primary hypomagnesemia with normocalcuria (FPHN) is a form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH) which is characterized by low magnesium values but normal calcium values in the serum. The disorder consists of three distinct forms which are: autosomal recessive primary hypomagnesemia with normocalcuria and hypocalcemia (ARPHN), familial primary hypomagnesemia with normocalcuria and normocalcemia (FPHNN) and isolated autosomal dominant hypomagnesemia, Glaudemans type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016048 biolink:NamedThing isolated autosomal dominant hypomagnesemia, Glaudemans type Isolated autosomal dominant hypomagnesemia, Glaudemans type (IADHG) is a form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH), characterized by low serum magnesium (Mg) values but normal urinary Mg values. The typical clinical features are recurrent muscle cramps, episodes of tetany, tremor, and muscle weakness, especially in distal limbs. The disease is potentially fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018101 biolink:NamedThing familial primary hypomagnesemia with normocalciuria and normocalcemia Familial primary hypomagnesemia with normocalciuria and normocalcemia (FPHNN) is a form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH), characterized by low serum magnesium (Mg) values but inappropriate normal urinary Mg values (i.e. renal hypomagnesemia). The typical symptoms are weakness of the limbs, vertigo, headaches, seizures, brisk tendon reflexes and mild to moderate psychomotor delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011177 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 4, hair/nail type Any pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT85 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013974 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 6, hair/nail type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013975 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 7, hair/nail type Any pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT74 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013976 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia 9, hair/nail type Any pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HOXC13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012805 biolink:NamedThing childhood onset GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 2 A form of paroxysmal dyskinesia, characterized by painless attacks of dystonia of the extremities triggered by prolonged physical activities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044202 biolink:NamedThing episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a form of paroxysmal dyskinesia, characterized by recurrent brief involuntary hyperkinesias, such as choreoathetosis, ballism, athetosis or dystonia, triggered by sudden movements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100019 biolink:NamedThing ECHS1-related paroxysmal dyskinesia A paroxysmal dyskinesia which manifest as dystonic movements brought on by sustained exercise, that is correlated with a deficiency in the gene ECHS1 (caused by a missence mutation). Onset is typically between age two and four years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700088 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD) is a form of paroxysmal dyskinesia, characterized by attacks of dystonic or choreathetotic movements precipitated by stress, fatigue, coffee or alcohol intake or menstruation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015642 biolink:NamedThing benign partial infantile seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015637 biolink:NamedThing benign non-familial infantile seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015640 biolink:NamedThing benign infantile seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis Benign infantile seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis is a rare infantile epilepsy syndrome characterized by benign afebrile seizures in previously healthy infants and children (age range 1 month to 6 years) with mild acute gastroenteritis without any central nervous system infection, severe dehydration, or electrolyte imbalances. In most cases the seizures are tonic-clonic with focal origin on EEG, occur between day 1 and 6 following onset of acute gastroenteritis, cease within 24 hours and do not persist after the illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015641 biolink:NamedThing benign infantile focal epilepsy with midline spikes and wave during sleep Benign infantile focal epilepsy with midline spikes and waves during sleep is a rare infantile epilepsy syndrome characterized by age of onset between 4 and 30 months, partial sporadic seizures presenting with motion arrest, staring, cyanosis and, less common, automatisms and lateralizing signs, and characteristic interictal sleep EEG changes consisting of a spike followed by a bell-shaped slow wave in the midline region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011182 biolink:NamedThing trimethylaminuria A rare inborn error of metabolism characterized by the presence of large amounts of trimethylamine in urine, sweat, and breath, resulting in a fishy body odor in affected individuals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011199 biolink:NamedThing nephropathy, progressive tubulointerstitial, with cholestatic liver disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013433 biolink:NamedThing primary sclerosing cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare, slowly progressive liver disease characterized by inflammation and destruction of the intra- and/or extra-hepatic bile ducts that lead to cholestasis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and ultimately liver failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011216 biolink:NamedThing hemochromatosis type 2A Any hemochromatosis type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HJV gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013220 biolink:NamedThing hemochromatosis type 2B Any hemochromatosis type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HAMP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011224 biolink:NamedThing monomelic amyotrophy Monomelic amyotrophy (MA) is a rare benign lower motor neuron disorder characterized by muscular weakness and wasting in the distal upper extremities during adolescence followed by a spontaneous halt in progression and a stabilization of symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035892 biolink:NamedThing Mills syndrome A rare, acquired motor neuron disease characterized by a slowly progressive, unilateral, ascending or descending hemplegia, associated to unilateral or asymmetrical pyramidal signs and no sensory loss. It is a diagnosis of exclusion and contorversy exists regarding whether the presence of bulbar symptoms, sphincter disturbances, fasciculations or cognitive manifestations characterize the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011232 biolink:NamedThing migraine, familial hemiplegic, 2 Any familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP1A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012320 biolink:NamedThing migraine, familial hemiplegic, 3 Any familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800335 biolink:NamedThing migraine, familial hemiplegic, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011234 biolink:NamedThing auriculocondylar syndrome 1 Any auriculocondylar syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GNAI3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013013 biolink:NamedThing question mark ears, isolated DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013845 biolink:NamedThing auriculocondylar syndrome 2 Any auriculocondylar syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLCB4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014312 biolink:NamedThing auriculocondylar syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012382 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4 Any hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HADH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016988 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinism due to HNF4A deficiency Hyperinsulinism due to HNF4A deficiency is a form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism (DHI), characterized by macrosomia, transient or persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH), responsiveness to diazoxide and a propensity to develop maturity-onset diabetes of the young subtype 1 (MODY-1). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017183 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinism due to UCP2 deficiency HyHyperinsulism due to UCP2 deficiency (HIUCP2) is a form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism (DHI) characterized by hypoglycemic episodes from the neonatal period, a good clinical response to diazoxide and a probable transient nature of the disease with spontaneous resolution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017184 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hyperinsulinism due to SUR1 deficiency Autosomal dominant hyperinsulinism due to SUR1 deficiency is a form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism (DHI), characterized by hypoglycemic epiosodes that are usually mild, escaping detection during infancy and usually a good clinical response to diazoxide. Autosomal dominant hyperinsulinism due to SUR1 deficiency usually has a milder phenotype when compared to that resulting from recessive K-ATP mutations (recessive forms of Diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulinism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017185 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant hyperinsulinism due to Kir6.2 deficiency Autosomal dominant hyperinsulinism due to Kir6.2 deficiency is a form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism (DHI) characterized by hypoglycemic epiosodes that are usually mild, escaping detection during infancy, and usually a good clinical response to diazoxide, (but some are diazoxide resistant). Autosomal dominant hyperinsulinism due to Kir6.2 deficiency usually has a milder phenotype when compared to that resulting from recessive K+ (K-ATP) channel mutations (Recessive forms of diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulinism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017935 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinism due to HNF1A deficiency Hyperinsulinism due to HNF1A deficiency is a form of diazoxide-sensitive diffuse hyperinsulinism (DHI), characterized by transient or persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) in infancy that is responsive to diazoxide, evolving in to maturity-onset diabetes of the young subtype 1 (MODY-1) later in life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011239 biolink:NamedThing colobomatous macrophthalmia-microcornea syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020147 biolink:NamedThing anophthalmia-microphthalmia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019009 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia Isolated focal cortical dysplasia is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic cerebral malformation due to abnormal neuronal migration disorder characterized by variable-sized, focalized malformations located in any part(s) of the cerebral cortex, which manifests with drug-resistant epilepsy (usually leading to intellectual disability) and behavioral disturbances. Abnormal MRI findings (e.g. abnormal white and/or grey matter signal, blurred gray-white matter junction, localized volume loss, cortical thickening, abnormal gyral pattern, abnormal hippocampus) and variable histopathologic patterns are associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030896 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 13q33-q34 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011249 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia with onset in infancy A dystonia characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of generalized dystonia with severe involvement of the legs, mild involvement of the face and arms, and onset in infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011264 biolink:NamedThing torsion dystonia 6 Primary dystonia DYT6 type is characterized by focal, predominantly cranio-cervical dystonia with dysarthria and dysphagia, or limb dystonia in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018303 biolink:NamedThing generalized isolated dystonia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013813 biolink:NamedThing dystonia 21 Primary dystonia, DYT21 type is a subtype of mixed dystonia with a late-onset form of pure torsion dystonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011281 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome 5 Congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the COLQ gene, encoding acetylcholinesterase collagenic tail peptide. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011304 biolink:NamedThing cerebral cavernous malformation 2 Any familial cerebral cavernous malformation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCM2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011305 biolink:NamedThing cerebral cavernous malformation 3 Any familial cerebral cavernous malformation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDCD10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020724 biolink:NamedThing cerebral cavernous malformation 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011313 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome 1 Any megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-postaxial polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIK3R2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014407 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome 2 Any megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-postaxial polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AKT3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014408 biolink:NamedThing megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome 3 Any megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-postaxial polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CCND2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011326 biolink:NamedThing citrullinemia, type II, adult-onset Adult-onset citrullinemia type II is an inherited disorder that causes ammonia and other toxic substances to accumulate in the blood. The condition chiefly affects the nervous system, causing confusion, restlessness, memory loss, abnormal behaviors (such as aggression, irritability, and hyperactivity), seizures, and coma. These signs and symptoms can be life-threatening. The signs and symptoms appear during adulthood and are triggered by certain medications, infections, surgery, and alcohol intake.The features of adult-onset type II citrullinemia may also develop in people who as infants had a liver disorder called neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD). In many cases, the signs and symptoms of NICCD resolve within a year. Years or even decades later, however, some of these people develop the characteristic features of adult-onset type II citrullinemia.adult-onset citrullinemia type II is caused by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016603 biolink:NamedThing citrullinemia type II Citrullinemia type II is a severe subtype of citrin deficiency characterized clinically by adult onset (20 and 50 years of age), recurrent episodes of hyperammonemia and associated neuropsychiatric symptoms such as nocturnal delirium, confusion, restlessness, disorientation, drowsiness, memory loss, abnormal behavior (aggression, irritability, and hyperactivity), seizures, and coma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011339 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 8 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WASHC5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011489 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 12 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 12 is a pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a childhood- to adulthood-onset of slowly progressive lower limb spasticity and hyperreflexia of lower extremities, extensor plantar reflexes, distal sensory impairment, variable urinary dysfunction and pes cavus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011785 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 19 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 19 is a pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a slowly progressive and relatively benign spastic paraplegia presenting in adulthood with spastic gait, lower limb hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses, bladder dysfunction (urinary urgency and/or incontinence), and mild sensory and motor peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012766 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 37 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 37 is a pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a childhood- to adulthood-onset of slowly progressive spastic gait, extensor plantar responses, brisk tendon reflexes in arms and legs, decreased vibration sense at ankles and urinary dysfunction. Ankle clonus is also reported in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012928 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 42 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 42 is a pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by slowly progressive spastic paraplegia of lower extremities with an age of onset ranging from childhood to adulthood and patients presenting with spastic gait, increased tendon reflexes in lower limbs, extensor plantar response, weakness and atrophy of lower limb muscles and, in rare cases, pes cavus. No abnormalities are noted on magnetic resonance imaging. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013239 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 41 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 41 is a pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by onset in adolescence or early adulthood of slowly progressive spastic paraplegia, proximal muscle weakness of the lower extremities and small hand muscles, hyperreflexia, spastic gait and mild urinary compromise. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014568 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 73 Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 73 (SPG73) is a pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by adult onset of crural spastic paraparesis, hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses, proximal muscle weakness, mild muscle atrophy, decreased vibration sensation at ankles, and mild urinary dysfunction. foot deformities have been reported to eventually occur in some patients. No abnormalities are noted on brain magnetic resonance imaging and peripheral nerve conduction velocity studies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017455 biolink:NamedThing hyperphalangy Hyperphalangy is a congenital, non-syndromic limb malformation characterized by the presence of an accessory phalanx between metacarpal/metatarsal and proximal phalanx, or between any two other phalanges of a digit, excluding the thumb. Hypherphalangy is almost always bilateral and patients present no more than five digits and no other skeletal anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011354 biolink:NamedThing situs inversus totalis with cystic dysplasia of kidneys and pancreas DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011375 biolink:NamedThing brittle bone disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013924 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta type 13 Any osteogenesis imperfecta in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BMP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017791 biolink:NamedThing high bone mass osteogenesis imperfecta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030714 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta, IIA 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030861 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta, type 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032846 biolink:NamedThing osteogenesis imperfecta, type 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011376 biolink:NamedThing ventricular fibrillation, paroxysmal familial, type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100234 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal familial ventricular fibrillation A rare, genetic, cardiac rhythm disease characterized by ventricular fibrillation in the absence of any structural or functional heart disease, or known repolarization abnormalities. The presence of J waves is associated with a higher risk of nocturnal ventricular fibrillation events and a higher risk of recurrence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013063 biolink:NamedThing ventricular fibrillation, paroxysmal familial, 2 Any ventricular fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DPP6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016667 biolink:NamedThing sickle cell disease associated with an other hemoglobin anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011386 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility to, 1 Any microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VEGFA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012962 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility to, 2 Any microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPO gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012963 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility to, 3 Any microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ACE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012966 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility to, 4 Any microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL1RN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012969 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility to, 5 Any microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PON1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012970 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility to, 6 Any microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SOD2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012971 biolink:NamedThing microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility to, 7 Any microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HFE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011393 biolink:NamedThing hypoalphalipoproteinemia, primary, 1 Any ypoalphalipoproteinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016191 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of titin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016949 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 16 Chromosome 16p duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the short arm (p) of chromosome 16. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 16p duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013273 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16p13.3 duplication syndrome 16p13.3 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from a partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 16 and manifesting with a variable phenotype which is mostly characterized by: mild to moderate intellectual deficit and developmental delay (particularly speech), normal growth, short, proximally implanted thumbs and other hand and feet malformations (such as camptodactyly, syndactyly, club feet), mild arthrogryposis and characteristic facies (upslanting, narrow palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, mid face hypoplasia, bulbous nasal tip and low set ears). Other reported manifestations include cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia and behavioural problems. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013847 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16p11.2 duplication syndrome Proximal 16p11.2 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from a partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 16 characterized by developmental delay and intellectual disability of a highly variable degree, autism spectrum, obsessive-compulsive, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, speech articulation abnormalities, muscular hypotonia, tremor, hyper- or hyporeflexia, seizures, microcephaly, neuroimaging abnormalities, decreased body mass index and schizophrenia or bipolar disorder later on in life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016834 biolink:NamedThing 16p11.2p12.2 microduplication syndrome 16p11.2p12.2 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 16 with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by developmental/psychomotor delay (particularly of speech), intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder and/or obsessive and repetitive behaviour, behavioural problems (such as aggression and outbursts), dysmorphic facial features (triangular face, deep set eyes, broad and prominent nasal bridge, upslanting or narrow palpebral features, hypertelorism). Additionally, finger/hand anomalies, short stature, microcephaly and slender build are frequently described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016837 biolink:NamedThing 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome is a recently described syndrome associated with variable clinical features including behavioral abnormalities, developmental delay, congenital heart defects and skeletal anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011409 biolink:NamedThing hepatic fibrosis, severe, susceptibility to, due to Schistosoma mansoni infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011416 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012346 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012846 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013448 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013470 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 7 Any generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN9A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014517 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 9 Any generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STX1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032777 biolink:NamedThing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020727 biolink:NamedThing combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027069 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 5 (ATP synthase) deficiency, mitochondrial type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032869 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 5 (ATP synthase) deficiency, nuclear type 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016142 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of beta-sarcoglycan DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011442 biolink:NamedThing advanced sleep phase syndrome 1 Any advanced sleep phase syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PER2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014088 biolink:NamedThing advanced sleep phase syndrome 2 Any advanced sleep phase syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CSNK1D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014814 biolink:NamedThing advanced sleep phase syndrome 3 Any advanced sleep phase syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PER3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031044 biolink:NamedThing advance sleep phase syndrome, familial, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011444 biolink:NamedThing Duane retraction syndrome 2 Any Duane retraction syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014880 biolink:NamedThing Duane retraction syndrome 3 with or without deafness Duane syndrome type 3 is a disorder of eye movement.The affected eye, or eyes, has limited ability to move both inward toward the nose and outward toward the ears. The eye opening narrows and the eyeball pulls in when looking inward toward the nose. About 15 percent of all cases of Duane syndrome are type 3. Most cases occur without other signs and symptoms.In most people with Duane syndrome type 3, the cause is unknown; but it can sometimes be caused by mutations in the CHN1 gene and inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024265 biolink:NamedThing Duane syndrome type 1 Duane syndrome type 1 is the most common type of Duane syndrome, an eye movement disorder that is present at birth. People with Duane syndrome have restricted ability to move the affected eye(s) outward toward the ear (abduction) and/or inward toward the nose (adduction). The different types are distinguished by the eye movements that are most restricted. Duane syndrome type 1 is characterized by absent to very restricted abduction and normal to mildly restricted adduction. The eye opening (palpebral fissure) narrows and the eyeball retracts into the orbit with adduction. With abduction, the reverse occurs. One or both eyes may be affected. The majority of cases are sporadic (not inherited), while about 10% are familial. 70% of affected people do not have any other abnormalities at birth (isolated Duane syndrome). Treatment is mainly supportive and may include glasses or contact lenses for vision correction, eye patches, or surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035337 biolink:NamedThing Duane retraction syndrome with congenital deafness A rare neurologic disease characterized by the presence of Duane retraction syndrome (i. e. a congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder with unilateral or bilateral limitation of abduction and/or adduction of the eye, as well as globe retraction and palpebral fissure narrowing on attempted adduction) in combination with congenital unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. The sidedness of hearing loss corresponds to the sidedness of the retraction syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017917 biolink:NamedThing maternally-inherited spastic paraplegia A rare, genetic, complex hereditary spastic paraplegia disorder characterized by adulthood-onset of slowly progressive, bilateral, mainly lower limb spasticity and distal weakness associated with lower limb pain, hyperreflexia, and reduced vibration sense. Axonal neuropathy is frequently observed on electromyography and nerve conduction examination. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011450 biolink:NamedThing breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1 Any hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRCA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012933 biolink:NamedThing breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 2 Any hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRCA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013253 biolink:NamedThing breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 3 Any hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAD51C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013669 biolink:NamedThing breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 4 Any hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAD51D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011451 biolink:NamedThing cardioencephalomyopathy, fatal infantile, due to cytochrome c oxidase deficiency 1 Any fatal infantile encephalocardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCO2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014051 biolink:NamedThing cardioencephalomyopathy, fatal infantile, due to cytochrome c oxidase deficiency 2 Any fatal infantile encephalocardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COX15 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014667 biolink:NamedThing cardioencephalomyopathy, fatal infantile, due to cytochrome c oxidase deficiency 3 Any fatal infantile encephalocardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014668 biolink:NamedThing cardioencephalomyopathy, fatal infantile, due to cytochrome c oxidase deficiency 4 Any fatal infantile encephalocardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COA6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011869 biolink:NamedThing epidermolysis bullosa simplex superficialis Epidermolysis bullosa simplex superficialis (EBSS) is a suprabasal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by generalized or acral superficial erosions in the absence of blisters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012323 biolink:NamedThing lethal acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa Lethal acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa is a suprabasal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) characterized by generalized oozing erosions, usually in the absence of blisters. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011484 biolink:NamedThing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 1 Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia induced by adrenergic stress. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and is caused by mutations in the ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012762 biolink:NamedThing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 2 Any catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CASQ2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013529 biolink:NamedThing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 3 Any catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TECRL gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013966 biolink:NamedThing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 4 Any catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CALM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014191 biolink:NamedThing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 5 Any catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRDN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800374 biolink:NamedThing ventricular tachycardia, catecholaminergic polymorphic 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011503 biolink:NamedThing cortisone reductase deficiency 1 Decreased activity of hexose-6-phosphatase due to autosomal recessive mutation(s) in the H6PD gene. This enzyme is necessary to generate NADPH, a cofactor in the 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase pathway required for conversion of cortisone to cortisol. The condition is characterized by hyperandrogenism as a result of increased adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation of the adrenal gland due to failure of cortisol-mediated down-regulation, and is clinically indistinguishable from 11-beta HSD type 1 deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013842 biolink:NamedThing cortisone reductase deficiency 2 Decreased activity of the enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 due to inactivating mutation(s) in the HSD11B1 gene. The condition is characterized by hyperandrogenism as a result of increased adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation of the adrenal gland due to failure of cortisol-mediated down-regulation, and is clinically indistinguishable from H6PD deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011504 biolink:NamedThing NDE1-related microhydranencephaly NDE1-related microhydranencephaly is a rare, hereditary syndrome with a central nervous system malformation as major feature characterized by extreme microcephaly and growth restriction, severe motor delay and mental retardation, and typical radiological findings of gross dilation of the ventricles resulting from the absence (or severe delay in the development) of cerebral hemispheres, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Associated features are thin bones and scalp rugae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019486 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy of infancy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020180 biolink:NamedThing palpebral piliary tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020765 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, congenital hypomyelinating, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020766 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, congenital hypomyelinating, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015976 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgM syndrome without susceptibility to opportunistic infections DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011971 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgM syndrome type 5 Any hyper-IgM syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UNG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011985 biolink:NamedThing hyper-IgM syndrome type 4 A form of Hyper IgM syndrome which is a defect in class switch recombination downstream of the AICDA gene that does not impair somatic hypermutation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017302 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of troponin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015023 biolink:NamedThing MYPN-related myopathy Congenital myopathy caused by pathogenic mutations in MYPN that lead to a wide spectrum of phenotypes. Patients with mutations in this gene often experience muscle weakness, facial weakness, and sometimes cardiac and respiratory issues. Histological findings on skeletal muscle biopsy are variable with nemaline bodies and cap-like lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016301 biolink:NamedThing congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries Congenitally corrected transposition (CCT) of the great vessels is a rare cardiac malformation characterized by the combination of discordant atrioventricular and ventriculo-arterial connections, usually accompanied by other cardiovascular malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011548 biolink:NamedThing cerebral palsy, ataxic, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100065 biolink:NamedThing TH-deficient infantile parkinsonism and motor delay A tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency with onset typically between age three and 12 months. Motor milestones are overtly delayed in this severe form. Affected infants demonstrate truncal hypotonia and parkinsonian symptoms and signs (hypokinesia, rigidity of extremities, and/or tremor). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100066 biolink:NamedThing TH-deficient progressive infantile encephalopathy A tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency in which individuals are extremely sensitive to levodopa therapy. In this very severe form, treatment with levodopa is often limited by intolerable dyskinesias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011556 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013101 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013102 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013104 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013105 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013106 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013876 biolink:NamedThing basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 7 Any skin basal cell carcinoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TP53 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011565 biolink:NamedThing metabolic syndrome X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011566 biolink:NamedThing abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome quantitative trait locus 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014352 biolink:NamedThing abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome 3 Any metabolic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DYRK1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032837 biolink:NamedThing abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011571 biolink:NamedThing deafness, autosomal dominant 39, with dentinogenesis imperfecta 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011577 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, proximal, and ophthalmoplegia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011580 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011582 biolink:NamedThing multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 1 Any fatal multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NFU1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013675 biolink:NamedThing multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 2 Any fatal multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BOLA3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014132 biolink:NamedThing multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 3 Any fatal multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IBA57 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033282 biolink:NamedThing multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054785 biolink:NamedThing multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011587 biolink:NamedThing cataract 25 A cataract that has material basis in variation in the region 15q21-q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020372 biolink:NamedThing early-onset sutural cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011593 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial infantile, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011904 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial infantile, 3 Any benign familial infantile epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012965 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial infantile, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014903 biolink:NamedThing seizures, benign familial infantile, 5 Any benign familial infantile epilepsy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN8A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042499 biolink:NamedThing benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011596 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 2 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FLG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011597 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 3 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 20p. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011598 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 4 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 17q25.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011608 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 5 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 13q12-q14. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011609 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 6 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 5q31-q33. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013107 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 7 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 11q13.5. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013294 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 8 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 4q22.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013295 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 9 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 3p24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100181 biolink:NamedThing dermatitis, atopic, 1 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis. A genomewide linkage study revealed highly significant evidence for linkage on 3q21 (ATOD1) at marker D3S3606. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011599 biolink:NamedThing birdshot chorioretinopathy Birdshot chorioretinopathy is a posterior uveitis characterized by multiple cream-colored, hypopigmented choroidal lesions in the fundus and a strong association with HLA-A29 and clinically presenting with blurred vision, floaters, photopsia, scotoma and nyctalopia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019541 biolink:NamedThing non-infectious posterior uveitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018152 biolink:NamedThing serpiginous choroiditis Serpiginous choroiditis is a rare inflammatory eye condition that typicallydevelops betweenage 30 and 70 years. Affected individuals have lesions in the eye thatlast from weeks to months and involve scarringof the eye tissue.Recurrence of these lesionsis common in serpiginous choroiditis. Vision loss may occurin one or both eyeswhen the macula is involved. Treatment options involve anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressing medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011601 biolink:NamedThing neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis due to citrin deficiency Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis due to citrin deficiency is a mild subtype of citrin deficiency characterized clinically by low birth weight, failure to thrive, transient intrahepatic cholestasis, multiple aminoacidemia, galactosemia, hypoproteinemia, hepatomegaly, decreased coagulation factors, hemolytic anemia, variable but mostly mild liver dysfunction, and hypoglycemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016200 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of glucosamine (UDP-N-acetyl)-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011606 biolink:NamedThing baby rattle pelvis dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042975 biolink:NamedThing pseudoachondroplastic dysplasia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011607 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy 2, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012898 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy 4, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013020 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy 5, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013639 biolink:NamedThing narcolepsy 6, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011652 biolink:NamedThing Phelan-McDermid syndrome Monosomy 22q13 syndrome (deletion 22q13.3 syndrome or Phelan-McDermid syndrome) is a chromosome microdeletion syndrome characterized by neonatal hypotonia, global developmental delay, normal to accelerated growth, absent to severely delayed speech, and minor dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012708 biolink:NamedThing primary lateral sclerosis, adult, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018246 biolink:NamedThing homozygous 2p21 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018245 biolink:NamedThing 2p21 microdeletion syndrome without cystinuria 2p21 microdeletion syndrome without cystinuria is a rare partial autosomal monosomy characterized by weak fetal movements, severe infantile hypotonia and feeding difficulties that spontaneously improve with time, urogenital abnormalities (hypospadias or hypoplastic labia majora), global development delay, mild intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism (dolichocephaly, frontal bossing, bilateral ptosis, midface retrusion, open mouth with tented upper lip vermilion). Affected individuals have borderline elevated serum lactate but no cystinuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011674 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate B Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type B is a rare hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by intermediate motor median nerve conduction velocities (usually between 25 and 45 m/s) and signs of both demyelination and axonal degeneration in nerve biopsies. It presents with mild to moderately severe, slowly progressive usual clinical features of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (muscle weakness and atrophy of the distal extremities, distal sensory loss, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes, and feet deformities). Other findings include asymptomatic neutropenia and early-onset cataracts. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011675 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, axonal, type 2GG Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type A is a rare hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by intermediate motor median nerve conduction velocities (usually between 25 and 45 m/s) and signs of both demyelination and axonal degeneration in nerve biopsies. It presents with usual clinical features of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (progressive muscle weakness and atrophy of the distal extremities, distal sensory loss, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes, and feet deformities) in the first to second decade of life with steady progression until the fourth decade, severe progression and stabilization afterwards. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012012 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate C Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type C is a rare hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by intermediate motor median nerve conduction velocities (usually between 25 and 60 m/s). It presents with moderately severe, slowly progressive usual clinical features of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (muscle weakness and atrophy of the distal extremities, distal sensory loss, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes, feet deformities, extensor digitorum brevis atrophy). Findings in nerve biopsies include age-dependent axonal degeneration, reduced number of large myelinated fibres, segmental remyelination, and no onion bulbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013758 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate E Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type E is characterised by the association of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (hereditary peripheral neuropathy) with nephropathy. So far, around 15 cases have been described. All patients had proteinuria (with or without microhematuria) at onset and some patients presented with nephrotic syndrome. In the majority of cases, pathological studies revealed glomerulosclerosis. The mode of transmission is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014074 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate F Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type F is a rare hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy disorder characterized by the typical CMT phenotype (slowly progressive distal muscle atrophy and weakness in upper and lower limbs, distal sensory loss in extremities, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes and foot deformities) with nerve biopsy demonstrating demyelinating and axonal changes and nerve conduction velocities varying from the demyelinating to axonal range. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017937 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with neuropathic pain DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012138 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type B6 A congenital muscular dystrophy characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of muscular dystrophy with mental retardation and structural brain abnormalities that has material basis in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the LARGE gene on chromosome 22q12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013160 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with intellectual disability), type B2 An autosomal recessive inherited congenital muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMT2 gene. It is characterized by mental retardation and mild structural brain abnormalities resulting from defective glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014141 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with intellectual disability), type B14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033556 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with impaired intellectual development), type b, 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011695 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, uveal, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011696 biolink:NamedThing melanoma, uveal, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011698 biolink:NamedThing glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency Glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency (GNMT deficiency) is a very rare condition characterized by persistent and isolated excess levels of methionine in the blood (hypermethioninemia). The only clinical abnormalities are mild increase of the liver size (hepatomegaly) and chronic elevation of the transaminase levels in the blood without liver disease. Methionine may also be increased in urine. However, because elevated levels of methionine in the blood itself is a risk factor for development of neurological signs and symptoms, people with GNMT deficiency can have neurological problems when methionine levelsare greater than 800μmol/L. GNMT deficiency is caused by mutations in the GNMT gene. Inheritance is autosomal recessive. Treatment is not needed in most cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013404 biolink:NamedThing hypermethioninemia with deficiency of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase Psychomotor retardation due to S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency is characterised by psychomotor delay and severe myopathy (hypotonia, absent tendon reflexes and delayed myelination) from birth, associated with hypermethioninaemia and elevated serum creatine kinase levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014231 biolink:NamedThing juvenile onset Parkinson disease 19A Any Parkinson disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAJC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800369 biolink:NamedThing parkinson disease 19B, early-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011710 biolink:NamedThing specific language impairment 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011711 biolink:NamedThing specific language impairment 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011780 biolink:NamedThing specific language impairment 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012917 biolink:NamedThing specific language impairment 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014184 biolink:NamedThing specific language impairment 5 A communication disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011716 biolink:NamedThing acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis(AHL) is a veryrareform of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis that usuallyresults indeath. It is characterized by a brief but intense attack of inflammation in the brain and spinal cord that damages the myelin -- the protective covering of the nerve fibers. It may also cause bleeding in the brain, leading to damage of the white matter. Symptoms usually come on quickly, beginning with symptoms such as fever, neck stiffness, fatigue, headache, nausea vomiting,seizures, and coma.AHL has a very poor prognosis, with rapid deterioration and death usually occurring within days to one week after onset of symptoms because of severe inflammation in the brain. Although the exact cause is unclear,AHL usually followsaviral infection, or less often, vaccination for measles, mumps, or rubella. Some researchers think that an infection or vaccination can initiate an autoimmune process in the body thus leading to AHL. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035669 biolink:NamedThing acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with anti-MOG antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035670 biolink:NamedThing acute disseminated encephalomyelitis without anti-MOG antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011724 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy due to GLUT1 deficiency Glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) deficiency syndrome is characterized by an encephalopathy marked by childhood epilepsy that is refractory to treatment, deceleration of cranial growth leading to microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, spasticity, ataxia, dysarthria and other paroxysmal neurological phenomena often occurring before meals. Symptoms appear between the age of 1 and 4 months, following a normal birth and gestation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011725 biolink:NamedThing Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 2 Type 2 Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CNS2) is a hereditary disorder of bilirubin metabolism characterized by unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to reduced and inducible activity of hepatic bilirubin glucuronosyltransferase (GT). CNS2 is a milder form of CNS than CNS1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021020 biolink:NamedThing Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 1 Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 1 (CNS1) is the most severe form of CNS, a hereditary disorder of hepatic bilirubin conjugation, characterized by severe neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to a complete absence of hepatic bilirubin glucuronosyltransferase (BGT). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011738 biolink:NamedThing bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP) is a sub-type of polymicrogyria (PMG), a cerebral cortical malformation characterized by excessive cortical folding and abnormal cortical layering, that involves the frontoparietal region of the brain and that presents with hypotonia, developmental delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, pyramidal signs, epileptic seizures, non progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysconjugate gaze and/or strabismus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017091 biolink:NamedThing bilateral polymicrogyria Bilateral polymicrogyria is a rare cerebral malformation due to abnormal neuronal migration defined as a cerebral cortex with many excessively small convolutions. It presents with developmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures and various neurological impairments and may be isolated or comprise a clinical feature of many genetic syndromes. It may also be associated with perinatal cytomegalovirus infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012986 biolink:NamedThing bilateral parasagittal parieto-occipital polymicrogyria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013907 biolink:NamedThing bilateral generalized polymicrogyria Bilateral generalized polymicrogyria is a rare neurological disorder that affects the cerebral cortex (the outer surface of the brain). This is the most widespread form of polymicrogyria and typically affects the entire surface of the brain. Signs and symptoms include severe intellectual disability, problems with movement, and seizures that are difficult or impossible to treat. While the exact cause of bilateral generalized polymicrogyria is not fully understood, it is thought to be due to improper brain development during embryonic growth. Most cases appear to follow an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016162 biolink:NamedThing bilateral frontal polymicrogyria Bilateral frontal polymicrogyria is one of the rarest subtypes of polymicrogyria. It is a symmetric and bilateral form (in both brain hemispheres) that only involves the frontal lobes without including the area located behind the Sylvius fissure or the area located behind the Rolando sulcus. Some researchers classify the condition into two different forms: bilateral frontal polymicrogyriaand the bilateral frontoparietal. Signs and symptoms included delayed motor and language milestones; spastic (stiffness) hemiparesis (weakness in one side of the body) or quadriparesis (weakness in all four limbs of the body); and mild to moderate intellectual disability. Seizures mayalsobe present. The frontoparietal form is caused by changes (mutations) in the GPR56 gene but the cause for the frontal form of polymicrogyira is still not known. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011749 biolink:NamedThing oculocutaneous albinism type 1B Oculocutaneous albinism type 1B (OCA1B) is a type of OCA1 characterized by skin and hair hypopigmentation, nystagmus, reduced iris and retinal pigment and misrouting of the optic nerves. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011754 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018541 biolink:NamedThing familial hypoaldosteronism Aldosterone synthase deficiency is a rare inherited defect of the final step of aldosterone biosynthesis (conversion of deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035320 biolink:NamedThing early-onset familial hypoaldosteronism A rare type of familial hypoaldosteronism characterized by early infantile onset of vomiting, diarrhea, severe dehydration, and failure to thrive. Analysis of plasma electrolytes shows hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and acidosis. Plasma renin activity is elevated, and aldosterone levels are low. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035321 biolink:NamedThing late-onset familial hypoaldosteronism A rare form of familial hypoaldosteronism characterized by adult onset of subnormal plasma aldosterone with elevated plasma renin activity, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and hypotension. Signs and symptoms are typically mild, and affected individuals may be clinically asymptomatic and diagnosed only after biochemical screening. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011800 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013092 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 2 Any malignant glioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTEN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013093 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 3 Any malignant glioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRCA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013094 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013095 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013096 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013097 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014695 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 9 Any malignant glioma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024498 biolink:NamedThing glioma susceptibility 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020770 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, with axonal neuropathy 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011805 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 1 Any inherited susceptibility to asthma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PTGDR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012067 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 2 Any inherited susceptibility to asthma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NPSR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012379 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012577 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012607 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 5 Any inherited susceptibility to asthma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IRAK3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012666 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012771 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 7 Any inherited susceptibility to asthma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CHI3L1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013180 biolink:NamedThing asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800415 biolink:NamedThing asthma, aspirin-induced, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011814 biolink:NamedThing Smith-McCort dysplasia 1 Any Smith-McCort dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DYM gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014087 biolink:NamedThing Smith-McCort dysplasia 2 Any Smith-McCort dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAB33B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011818 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia type II DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017095 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia type I DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011822 biolink:NamedThing Bartter disease type 3 Classic Bartter syndrome is a type of Bartter syndrome, characterized by a milder clinical picture than the antenatal/infantile subtype, and presenting with failure to thrive, hypokalemic alkalosis, increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone, low blood pressure and vascular resistance to angiotensin II. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016983 biolink:NamedThing Bartter syndrome with hypocalcemia Bartter syndrome with hypocalcemia is a type of Bartter syndrome characterized by hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia and hypoparathyroidism along with features of Henle's loop dysfunction (polyuria, hypokalemic alkalosis, increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone, low blood pressure and vascular resistance to angiotensin II). Bartter syndrome with hypocalcemia is a very rare manifestation of autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011829 biolink:NamedThing coenzyme Q10 deficiency, primary, 1 Any coenzyme Q10 deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COQ2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013838 biolink:NamedThing coenzyme Q10 deficiency, primary, 3 Any coenzyme Q10 deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDSS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016644 biolink:NamedThing logopenic progressive aphasia Logopenic progressive aphasia (lv-PPA) is a form of primary progressive aphasia (PPA), characterized by impaired single-word retrieval and naming and impaired repetition with spared single-word comprehension and object knowledge. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011857 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 3 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNQ1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012066 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012167 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012677 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 4 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNE2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012678 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012816 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 6 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NPPA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012828 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 7 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013100 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013513 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 9 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013530 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 10 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN5A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013544 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 11 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GJA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013545 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 12 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCC9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014155 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 13 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014156 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 14 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014340 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 15 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NUP155 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015001 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 18 Any familial atrial fibrillation in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYL4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800345 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800349 biolink:NamedThing atrial fibrillation, familial, 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011866 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1A Any non-syndromic pontocerebellar hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VRK1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013853 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1B Any non-syndromic pontocerebellar hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EXOSC3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014485 biolink:NamedThing pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 1C Any pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EXOSC8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011870 biolink:NamedThing annular epidermolytic ichthyosis Annular epidermolytic ichthyosis (AEI) is a rare clinical variant of epidermolytic ichthyosis (EI) characterized by the presence of a blistering phenotype at birth and the development from early infancy of annular polycyclic erythematous scales on the trunk and extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018647 biolink:NamedThing secondary sclerosing cholangitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011881 biolink:NamedThing keratosis palmoplantaris striata 3 Any striate palmoplantar keratoderma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013034 biolink:NamedThing keratosis palmoplantaris striata 2 Any striate palmoplantar keratoderma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018008 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic giant cell myocarditis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011908 biolink:NamedThing juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm of childhood that is characterized by proliferation principally of the granulocytic and monocytic lineages. Myelomonocytic proliferation is seen in the bone marrow and the blood. The leukemic cells may infiltrate any tissue, however liver, spleen, lymph nodes, skin, and respiratory tract are the most common sites of involvement. (WHO, 2001) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011914 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis-lymphedema-telangiectasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019073 biolink:NamedThing hypotrichosis-lymphedema-telangiectasia-renal defect syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011915 biolink:NamedThing mitral valve prolapse, myxomatous 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012569 biolink:NamedThing mitral valve prolapse, myxomatous 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024529 biolink:NamedThing MVP1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011929 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome A chromosomal anomaly characterized by distinctive facial dysmorphic features, hypotonia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures, heart defects, hearing impairment and prenatal onset growth deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016883 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1 Chromosome 1p deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the short arm (p) of chromosome 1. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 1p deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017405 biolink:NamedThing 1p21.3 microdeletion syndrome 1p21.3 microdeletion syndrome is an extremely rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by severe speech and language delay, intellectual deficiency, autism spectrum disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013746 biolink:NamedThing ventricular septal defect 1 Any ventricular septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GATA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022397 biolink:NamedThing retinal ciliopathy due to mutation in the retinitis pigmentosa-1 gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022400 biolink:NamedThing retinal ciliopathy due to mutation in the RPGRIP gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022404 biolink:NamedThing retinal ciliopathy due to mutation in Usher gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022405 biolink:NamedThing retinal ciliopathy due to mutation in nephronophthisis gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022407 biolink:NamedThing retinal ciliopathy due to mutation in Bardet-Biedl gene DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016141 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of alpha-sarcoglycan DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011975 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016781 biolink:NamedThing maternal 14q32.2 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016783 biolink:NamedThing maternal 14q32.2 hypermethylation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700021 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 14 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 14 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019915 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, hypotonia, motor delay, early puberty, obesity, short adult stature, small hands and feet, mild intellectual disability, and mild dysmorphic facial features (frontal bossing, short nose with wide nasal tip, micrognathia, high palate, short philtrum). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016650 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 1 Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 1 is an uniparental disomy of paternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only father is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016651 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 1 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 1 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018007 biolink:NamedThing mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019910 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 2 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 2 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019911 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 4 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 4 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019912 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin characterized by intrauterine growth retardation. Homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only a mother is a carrier may lead to other phenotypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019914 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 9 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 9 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019917 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 20 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 20 (UPD 20) is a very rare chromosomal anomaly in which both copies of chromosome 20 are inherited from the mother. The main feature described is prenatal and postnatal growth retardation. Microcephaly, minor dysmorphic features and psychomotor developmental delay have been occasionally reported. Maternal UPD20 is most often ascertained by a mosaic trisomy 20 pregnancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019919 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019920 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 5 Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 5 is an uniparental disomy of paternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only father is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019921 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 is an uniparental disomy of paternal origin characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, and macroglossia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019922 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 is an uniparental disomy of paternal origin that most likely do not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only father is a carrier (e.g., cystic fibrosis, congenital chloride diarrhea, sensorineural hearing loss). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019923 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019924 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 20 Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 20 is a very rare chromosomal anomaly in which both copies of chromosome 20 are inherited from the father. The main features described are high birth weight and/or early-onset obesity, relative macrocephaly, and tall stature. Most patients were ascertained during sporadic pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1b testing and have UPD involving variable segments of the long arm of chromosome 20. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019994 biolink:NamedThing maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 13 Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 13 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely do not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020298 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020303 biolink:NamedThing Angelman syndrome due to paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020468 biolink:NamedThing paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 13 Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 13 is an uniparental disomy of paternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only father is a carrier. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0011986 biolink:NamedThing tropical pancreatitis Tropical pancreatitis is a rare pancreatic disease of juvenile onset occurring mainly in tropical developing countries and characterized by chronic non-alcoholic pancreatitis manifesting with abdominal pain, steatorrhea and fibrocalculous pancreatopathy. It is also commonly associated with the development of pancreatic calculi and pancreatic cancer at a much higher frequency than seen in ordinary chronic pancreatitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013559 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 7 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DTNBP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013560 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 8 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BLOC1S3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014885 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 10 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP3D1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016502 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome without pulmonary fibrosis Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome without pulmonary fibrosis as a complication includes three relatively mild types (HPS-3, HPS-5 and HPS-6) of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a multi-system disorder characterized by ocular or oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis and, in some cases, granulomatous colitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023563 biolink:NamedThing Kotzot-Richter syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030903 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013338 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease recessive intermediate B Autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type B is an extremely rare subtype of autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease characterized by a CMT neuropathy associated with developmental delay, self-abusive behavior, dysmorphic features and vestibular Schwannoma. Motor nerve conduction velocities demonstrate features of both demyelinating and axonal pathology. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014154 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease recessive intermediate C Autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type C is a rare subtype of autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease characterized by childhood to adulthood-onset of progressive, moderate to severe, predominantly distal, mostly lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy, foot deformities (including pes cavus and hammer toes), absent deep tendon reflexes and distal sensory loss associated with decreased motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities and features of both demyelinating and axonal neuropathy on sural nerve biopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017178 biolink:NamedThing osteochondritis dissecans A rare bone disease characterized by an acquired idiopathic necrotic lesion of subchondral bone with the formation of a sequestrum, which may detach to form loose bodies in joints. OCD mainly affects the knee, ankle and elbow joints and can lead to pain, functional limitations and secondary osteoarthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018566 biolink:NamedThing short stature-advanced bone age-early-onset osteoarthritis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100462 biolink:NamedThing short stature and advanced bone age, with or without early-onset osteoarthritis and/or osteochondritis dissecans A rare genetic skeletal disorder characterized clinically by abnormal chondro-skeletal development, disproportionate short stature and skeletal deformation mainly affecting the knees, hips, ankles and elbows with onset generally in late childhood or adolescence. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012020 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 22q11.2 microduplication syndrome The newly described 22q11.2 microduplication syndrome (dup22q11 syndrome) is the association of a broad clinical spectrum and a duplication of the region that is deleted in patients with DiGeorge or velocardiofacial syndrome (DG/VCFS), establishing a complementary duplication syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016972 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014235 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 22q13 duplication syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019889 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 22q Distal trisomy 22q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 22, with variable phenotype principally characterized by varying degrees of intellectual disabilty and developmental delay, pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, hypotonia, and craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, hypertelorism, narrow and upslanted palpebral fissures, epicanthic folds, low-set dysplastic ears, broad and depressed nasal bridge, cleft lip an/or palate, long philtrum, retro/micrognathia). Congenital heart defects, as well as cerebral, skeletal, renal and genital anomalies, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012029 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly 6, primary, autosomal recessive Any autosomal recessive primary microcephaly in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CENPJ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013024 biolink:NamedThing chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized by the persistence of thromboemboli in the form of organized tissue obstructing the pulmonary arteries. The consequence is an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) resulting in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and progressive right heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017157 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension owing to lung disease and/or hypoxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100159 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension, neonatal Abnormally high blood pressure in a newborn child. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012033 biolink:NamedThing bradyopsia Bradyopsia is characterised by prolonged electroretinal response suppression leading to difficulties adjusting to changes in luminance, normal to subnormal acuity and photophobia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015807 biolink:NamedThing myopic macular degeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012034 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1F Autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1F (LGMD1F) is a subtype of autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy,with a variable age of onset, characterized by progressive, proximal weakness and wasting of the shoulder and pelvic musculature (with the pelvic girdle, and especially the ileopsoas muscle, being more affected) and frequent association of calf hypertrophy, dysphagia, arachnodactyly with or without finger contractures and/or distal and axial muscle involvement. Additional features include an abnormal gait, exercise intolerance, myalgia, fatigue and respiratory insufficiency. Cardiac conduction defects are typically not observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012193 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1G Autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD1G) is a mild subtype of autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a typically adult onset of mild, progressive, proximal weakness of pelvic and shoulder girdle muscles and progressive, permanent finger and toes flexion limitation without flexion contractures. Normal to highly elevated creatine kinase serum levels are observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013297 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1H Autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1H (LGMD1H) is a subtype of autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by slowly progressive proximal muscular weakness initially affecting the lower limbs (and later involving the upper limbs), hypotrophy of upper and lower limb-girdle muscles, hyporeflexia, calf hypertrophy, and increased serum creatine kinase. There is no involvement of oculo-facial-bulbar muscles and cardiac muscle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021018 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1D (DNAJB6) Autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1D (LGMD1D) is a subtype of autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by an adult-onset of slowly progressive, proximal pelvic girdle weakness, with none, or only minimal, shoulder girdle involvement, and absence of cardiac and respiratory symptoms. Mild to moderate elevated creatine kinase serum levels and gait abnormalities are frequently observed. LGMD1D is caused by heterozygous missense mutations in the DNAJB6 gene at chr. 7q36.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021569 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 2, autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and caused by mutations in the LMNA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029133 biolink:NamedThing muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal dominant 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016362 biolink:NamedThing attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis Attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (AFAP) is a mild form of familial adenomatous polyposis characterized by the presence of fewer than 100 adenomatous colonic polyps, a more proximal colonic location, a delayed age of colorectal cancer (CRC) onset and a more limited expression of the extracolonic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014630 biolink:NamedThing familial adenomatous polyposis 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018426 biolink:NamedThing AXIN2-related attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018653 biolink:NamedThing Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018812 biolink:NamedThing MSH3-related attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021056 biolink:NamedThing familial adenomatous polyposis 1 Any attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the APC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044300 biolink:NamedThing familial adenomatous polyposis 4 Familial adenomatous polyposis-4 is an autosomal recessive tumor predisposition syndrome characterized by the development of multiple colonic adenomas in adulthood, often with progression to colorectal cancer. Proliferative lesions in other tissues may also occur (summary by {1:Adam et al., 2016}).nnFor a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of familial adenomatous polyposis, see FAP1 (OMIM:175100). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021055 biolink:NamedThing classic familial adenomatous polyposis Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is characterized by the development of hundreds to thousands of adenomas in the rectum and colon during the second decade of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016965 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 15 Chromosome 15q duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when an extra (duplicate) copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 15 is present in each cell. The severity of the condition and the associated signs and symptoms vary based on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Common features shared by many people with this duplication include developmental delay; intellectual disability; hypotonia (low muscle tone); seizures ; high and/or cleft palate (roof of the mouth); scoliosis ; slow growth; communication difficulties; behavioral problems; and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, although affected people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027767 biolink:NamedThing partial lipodystrophy Loss and redistribution of subcutaneous and/or visceral adipose tissue from specific regions of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015492 biolink:NamedThing Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis Group of systemic vasculitis with a strong association with anca. The disorders are characterized by necrotizing inflammation of small and medium size vessels, with little or no immune-complex deposits in vessel walls. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100495 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive distal titinopathy A rare myopathy characterized by weakness of the muscles of the anterior compartment of lower limbs. Described as a more severe tibial muscular dystrophy phenotype, distal titinopathy is associated with earlier onset and progression to include soleus muscle and proximal muscles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100496 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Dreifuss-like muscular dystrophy A rare inherited muscular dystrophy characterized by the coexistence of limb-girdle weakness and early-onset diffuse joint contractures without cardiomyopathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100497 biolink:NamedThing titinopathy with congenital contractures A prenatal/infant-onset muscle disorder characterized by limb contractures, muscle weakness (often with significant axial involvement), long bone fractures, and/or cardiac abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012128 biolink:NamedThing transposition of the great arteries, dextro-looped Any dextro-looped transposition of the great arteries in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MED13L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013463 biolink:NamedThing congenital heart defects, multiple types, 6 Any dextro-looped transposition of the great arteries in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016302 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenitally uncorrected transposition of the great arteries DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016303 biolink:NamedThing congenitally uncorrected transposition of the great arteries with cardiac malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020385 biolink:NamedThing congenitally uncorrected transposition of the great arteries with coarctation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018779 biolink:NamedThing hypercontractile muscle stiffness syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015420 biolink:NamedThing cleft lip and alveolus Cleft lip and alveolus is a fissure type embryopathy that involves the upper lip, nasal base and alveolar ridge in variable degrees. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012156 biolink:NamedThing myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 1B, fast-channel A congenital myasthenic syndrome characterized by defects in postsynaptic neuromuscular junctions with early-onset progressive muscle weakness that has material basis in mutation in the CHRNA1 gene on chromosome 2q. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100312 biolink:NamedThing vestibular ataxia Any ataxia in which the causes of the disease is a perturbation of the vestibular system, leading to its dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012177 biolink:NamedThing posterior column ataxia-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome Posterior column ataxia - retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by the association of progressive sensory ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012436 biolink:NamedThing neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism A rare genetic disease characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus, and congenital hypothyroidism. Additional manifestations include congenital glaucoma, hepatic disease (hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis), polycystic kidneys, exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, sensorineural hearing impairment, developmental delay, and mild facial dysmorphism (such as flat nasal bridge, epicanthal folds, long philtrum, and low-set ears), among others DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012202 biolink:NamedThing malaria, mild, susceptibility to DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014835 biolink:NamedThing striatal degeneration, autosomal dominant 2 Any striatal degeneration, autosomal dominant in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE10A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030500 biolink:NamedThing Loeys-Dietz syndrome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016201 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of myotilin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012221 biolink:NamedThing alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency type 1 Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) deficiency type 1 is a very rare and severe type of NAGA deficiency characterized by infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012222 biolink:NamedThing alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency type 2 Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) deficiency type 2 is a very rare mild adult type of NAGA deficiency with the features of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum and mild sensory neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019264 biolink:NamedThing alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency type 3 Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) deficiency type 3 is a rare clinically heterogeneous type of NAGA deficiency with developmental, neurologic and psychiatric manifestations presenting at an intermediate age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012238 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 2 Any progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC25A4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012241 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 3 Any progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TWNK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012415 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 4 Any progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013117 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 5 Any progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RRM2B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024528 biolink:NamedThing progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 1 Any autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POLG gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012252 biolink:NamedThing rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome 1 Any familial rhabdoid tumor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMARCB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013224 biolink:NamedThing rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome 2 Any familial rhabdoid tumor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMARCA4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700125 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 18 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 18 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015434 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 18 Ring chromosome 18 syndrome is an autosomal anomaly characterized by variable clinical features, most commonly including hypotonia, neonatal feeding and respiratory difficulties, microcephaly, global developmental delay and intellectual disability, growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, hearing loss, aural atresia, dysmorphic facial features and behavioral characteristics. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016936 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy/tetrasomy of chromosome 18 A chromosomal disorder characterized by the presence of extra copy/copies of part of chromosome 18. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022755 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 18 mosaic monosomy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012256 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 28 Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 28 is a pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a childhood or adolescent onset of slowly progressive, pure crural muscle spastic paraparesis which manifests with mild lower limb weakness, gait difficulties, extensor plantar responses, and hyperreflexia of lower extremities. Less common manifestations reported include cerebellar oculomotor disturbance with saccadic eye pursuit, pes cavus and scoliosis. Some patients also present pin and vibration sensory loss in distal legs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014302 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 62 Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 62 is a pure or complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by an onset in the first decade of life of spastic paraperesis (more prominent in lower than upper extremities) and unsteady gait, as well as increased deep tendon reflexes, amyotrophy, cerebellar ataxia, and flexion contractures of the knees, in some. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018423 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 71 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012269 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 3q29 microdeletion syndrome 3q29 microdeletion syndrome is a recurrent subtelomeric deletion syndrome with variable clinical manifestations including intellectual deficit and dysmorphic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016902 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014185 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 3q13.31 deletion syndrome 3q13 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 3. Phenotype can be highly variable, but it is primarily characterized by significant developmental delay, postnatal growth above the mean, muscular hypotonia and distinctive facial features (such as broad and prominent forehead, hypertelorism, epicantic folds, anti-mongloid slanted eyes, ptosis, short philtrum, protruding lips with a full lower lip, high arched palate). Abnormal hypoplastic male genitalia and skeletal abnormalities are frequently present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016857 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-epicanthus inversus-ptosis due to 3q23 rearrangement syndrome Blepharophimosis - epicanthus inversus - ptosis (BPES) due to 3q23 microdeletion is a form of BPES, which in addition to the classical eyelids features of BPES, present genitourinary anomalies, spastic diplegia and speech delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018156 biolink:NamedThing 3q26q27 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018263 biolink:NamedThing fetal carbamazepine syndrome A drug-related embryofetopathy that can occur when an embryo/fetus is exposed to carbamazepine and that is characterized by facial dysmorphism, with some similarities to that seen in fetal valproate syndrome (see this term), such as epicanthal folds, upward slanting palpebral fissures, short nose, micrognathia and malar hypoplasia, as well as nail dysplasia and major anomalies including cleft lip/palate, neural tube defects and cardiac anomalies. In utero exposure to carbamazepine, in combination with valproate, has been associated with significant developmental delay (particularly affecting verbal intelligence) and a high rate of congenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016190 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of protein ZASP DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012286 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, autophagic vacuolar, infantile-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012287 biolink:NamedThing Stickler syndrome, type I, nonsyndromic ocular DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016189 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of filamin C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012297 biolink:NamedThing SPOAN syndrome A rare, complex type of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by early-onset progressive spastic paraplegia presenting in infancy, associated with optic atrophy, fixation nystagmus, polyneuropathy occurring in late childhood/early adolescence leading to severe motor disability and progressive joint contractures and scoliosis. SPOAN syndrome is caused by mutations in the KLC2 gene (11q13.1), encoding kinesin light chain 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014295 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 57 An extremely rare, complex type of hereditary spastic paraplegia, characterized by onset in infancy of pronounced leg spasticity (leading to the inability to walk independently), reduced visual acuity due to optic atrophy, and distal wasting of the hands and feet due to an axonal demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy. SPG57 is caused by mutations in the TFG gene (3q12.2) encoding protein TFG, which is thought to play a role in ER microtubular architecture and function. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014644 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 74 Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 74 is a rare, genetic, spastic paraplegia-optic atrophy-neuropathy-related (SPOAN-like) disorder characterized by childhood onset of mild to moderate spastic paraparesis which manifests with gait impairment that very slowly progresses into late adulthood, hyperactive patellar reflex and bilateral extensor plantar response, in association with optic atrophy and typical symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, including reduced or absent ankle reflexes, lower limb atrophy and distal sensory impairment. Reduced visual acuity and pes cavus are frequently reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012312 biolink:NamedThing short QT syndrome type 1 Any short QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012313 biolink:NamedThing short QT syndrome type 2 Any short QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNQ1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012314 biolink:NamedThing short QT syndrome type 3 Any short QT syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNJ2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012315 biolink:NamedThing distal 10q deletion syndrome Distal monosomy 10q is a chromosomal anomaly involving terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 10 and is characterized by facial dysmorphism, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, cardiac and genital anomalies, and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016909 biolink:NamedThing partial monosomy of the long arm of chromosome 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012830 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 10q23 deletion syndrome 10q22.3q23.3 microdeletion syndrome is a rare partial autosomal monosomy characterized by a mild facial dysmorphism variably including macrocephaly, broad forehead, hypertelorism or hypotelorism, deep-set eyes, upslanting or downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set ears, flat nasal bridge, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip), cleft palate, cerebellar and cardiac malformations, psychomotor development delay, and behavioral abnormalities (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism). Other rare features may include congenital breast aplasia, arachnodactyly, joint hyperlaxity, club feet, feeding difficulties, failure to thrive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015546 biolink:NamedThing non-distal monosomy 10q Non-distal monosomy 10q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 10, with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by developmental delays (usually of language and speech), variable cognitive impairment and neurobehavioral abnormalities such as autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit disorder. Macrocephaly and mild dysmorphic features may by associated. Overlap with other syndromes, such as Cowden syndrome, Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome and juvenile polyposis syndrome has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013272 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 14q11-q22 deletion syndrome 14q11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay, hypotonia and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016780 biolink:NamedThing paternal 14q32.2 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016833 biolink:NamedThing 14q12 microdeletion syndrome 14q12 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by severe intellectual deficit, with a normal neonatal period, followed by a phase of regression at the age of 3-6 months. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019898 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 14q Distal monosomy 14q is a rare chromosomal anomaly associated with various phenotypic features depending on the size of the deletion. The clinical features may include global developmental delay, hypotonia, congenital heart defects, dysmorphic features (high forehead, small palpebral fissures, epicanthi, blepharophimosis, broad and flat nasal bridge, broad philtrum, thin upper lip, high arched palate, pointed chin, malformed ears). High-pitched, weak cry, seizures and various dental and oftalmological anomalies were also reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016958 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 7 Chromosome 7q duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 7. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 7q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012343 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012751 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013716 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024521 biolink:NamedThing aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018159 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with DGKE deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019738 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with H factor anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019739 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with anti-factor H antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035290 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with complement gene abnormality DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013892 biolink:NamedThing C3 glomerulonephritis Glomerulonephritis characterized by C3 accumulation with little or absent deposition of immunoglobulin, in the absence of ultrastructural electron-dense transformation seen in dense deposit disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019736 biolink:NamedThing dense deposit disease Dense deposit disease, a histological subtype of MPGN is an idiopathic chronic progressive kidney disorder distinguished by the presence of intra-membranous dense deposits in addition to immune complex subendothelial deposits in the glomerular capillary walls. This form often has a higher recurrence rate after a kidney transplant and is associated with extra-renal manifestations such as familial drusen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012351 biolink:NamedThing zygodactyly type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017543 biolink:NamedThing zygodactyly type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017544 biolink:NamedThing zygodactyly type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017545 biolink:NamedThing zygodactyly type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012353 biolink:NamedThing erythrocytosis, familial, 3 Any familial polycythemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EGLN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012729 biolink:NamedThing erythrocytosis, familial, 4 Any familial polycythemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EPAS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019995 biolink:NamedThing peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones Peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones may be a cause of permanent congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid hormone deficiency that is present from birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012381 biolink:NamedThing hyperinsulinism due to INSR deficiency Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia due to INSR deficiency is a very rare autosomal dominant form of familial hyperinsulinism characterized clinically in the single reported family by postprandial hypoglycemia, fasting hyperinsulinemia, and an elevated serum insulin-to-C peptide ratio, and a variable age of onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017189 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset non-insulinoma persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia Diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulism (DRH) is form of congenital isolated hyperinsulinism caused by an abnormal insulin production by b-cells in the pancreas that can be diffuse or focal and is characterized by an excessive/ uncontrolled insulin secretion (inappropriate for the level of glycemia), recurrent episodes of profound hypoglycemia and resistance to medical management with diazoxide DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012393 biolink:NamedThing congenital brain dysgenesis due to glutamine synthetase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600001 biolink:NamedThing glutaminase deficiency Glutaminase deficiency is characterized by refractory seizures, respiratory failure, brain abnormalities and death in the neonatal period, though milder cases with spastic ataxia-dysarthria have also been reported. This condition is caused by mutations in the glutaminase (GLS) gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013172 biolink:NamedThing polymicrogyria with optic nerve hypoplasia A rare genetic syndrome with central nervous system malformations characterized by severe developmental delay, neonatal hypotonia, seizures, optic nerve hypoplasia and distinct central nervous system malformations including extensive bilateral polymicrogyria, dysplastic or absent corpus callosum and malformed brainstem with loss of demarcation of the pontomedullary junction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013541 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 1 Any complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014116 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 2 Any complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIF5C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014170 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 3 Any complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIF2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014171 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 4 Any complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014337 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 5 Any complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBB2A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014341 biolink:NamedThing complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 6 Any complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032578 biolink:NamedThing cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032866 biolink:NamedThing cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013690 biolink:NamedThing Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome 2 Any Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NRXN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012405 biolink:NamedThing polyposis syndrome, hereditary mixed, 2 Any hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BMPR1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042486 biolink:NamedThing polyposis syndrome, hereditary mixed, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012426 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 25 Any severe combined immunodeficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD247 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012430 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium syndrome 2 Any dysequilibrium syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WDR81 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013188 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium syndrome 3 Any dysequilibrium syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CA8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014104 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium syndrome 4 Any dysequilibrium syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP8A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024542 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium syndrome 1 Any dysequilibrium syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VLDLR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012439 biolink:NamedThing Alagille syndrome due to a NOTCH2 point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016861 biolink:NamedThing Alagille syndrome due to 20p12 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016862 biolink:NamedThing Alagille syndrome due to a JAG1 point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012444 biolink:NamedThing neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013634 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type 2C Any hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KIF1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030335 biolink:NamedThing diarrhea 12, with microvillus atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032575 biolink:NamedThing diarrhea 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032586 biolink:NamedThing diarrhea 10, protein-losing enteropathy type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032857 biolink:NamedThing diarrhea 11, malabsorptive, congenital DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012487 biolink:NamedThing alopecia-intellectual disability syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013492 biolink:NamedThing alopecia-intellectual disability syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021035 biolink:NamedThing alopecia-intellectual disability syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030009 biolink:NamedThing alopecia-intellectual disability syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012491 biolink:NamedThing macroglobulinemia, Waldenstrom, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100281 biolink:NamedThing macroglobulinemia, Waldenstrom, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012500 biolink:NamedThing chilblain lupus 1 Any chilblain lupus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TREX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013739 biolink:NamedThing chilblain lupus 2 Any chilblain lupus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SAMHD1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012502 biolink:NamedThing normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100251 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis/hyperphosphatemic hyperostosis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012503 biolink:NamedThing thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficiency An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012505 biolink:NamedThing pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, primary, 2 Any primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE11A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012509 biolink:NamedThing pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, primary, 1 Any primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKAR1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013616 biolink:NamedThing pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, primary, 3 Any primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PDE8B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014359 biolink:NamedThing pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, primary, 4 Any primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRKACA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018967 biolink:NamedThing short stature due to isolated growth hormone deficiency with X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012518 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome 12 Any congenital myasthenic syndromes with glycosylation defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GFPT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013883 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome 13 Any congenital myasthenic syndromes with glycosylation defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DPAGT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014543 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome 14 Any congenital myasthenic syndromes with glycosylation defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALG2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014542 biolink:NamedThing congenital myasthenic syndrome 15 Any congenital myasthenic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ALG14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012519 biolink:NamedThing Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome due to 16p13.3 microdeletion Chromosome 16p13.3deletion syndrome is a chromosome abnormality that can affect many parts of the body. People with this condition are missing a small piece (deletion) of chromosome 16 at a location designated p13.3. Although once thought to be a severe form of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, it is now emerging as a unique syndrome. Signs and symptoms may include failure to thrive, hypotonia (reduced muscle tone), short stature, microcephaly (unusually small head), characteristic facial features, mild to moderate intellectual disability, organ anomalies (i.e. heart and/or kidney problems), and vulnerability to infections. Chromosome testing of both parents can provide information about whether the deletion was inherited. In most cases, parents do not have any chromosome abnormalities. However, sometimes one parent has a balanced translocation where a piece of a chromosome has broken off and attached to another one with no gain or loss of genetic material. The balanced translocation normally does not cause signs or symptoms, but it increases the risk for having a child with a chromosome abnormality like a deletion. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person.To learn more about chromosome abnormalities in general, view our GARD fact sheet on Chromosome Disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012526 biolink:NamedThing hereditary angioedema type 3 Hereditary angioedema type 3 (HAE 3) is a form of hereditary angioedema characterized by acute edema in subcutaneous tissues, viscera and/or the upper airway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033947 biolink:NamedThing hereditary angioedema with normal C1Inh DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035220 biolink:NamedThing PLG-related hereditary angioedema with normal C1inh DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012930 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia due to G6PC3 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014118 biolink:NamedThing congenital neutropenia-myelofibrosis-nephromegaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014456 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia due to JAGN1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014865 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia due to CSF3R deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018487 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia due to CXCR2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012561 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract 1 Any congenital anomaly of kidney and urinary tract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DSTYK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027676 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract 2 Any congenital anomaly of kidney and urinary tract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBX18 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032646 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014206 biolink:NamedThing severe early-onset pulmonary alveolar proteinosis due to MARS deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018483 biolink:NamedThing secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis A form of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis that arises in association with hematological disorders, medications, certain infections, acute silicosis, and immunodeficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013607 biolink:NamedThing monocytopenia with susceptibility to infections DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012596 biolink:NamedThing PSAT deficiency Phosphoserine aminotransferase deficiency is an extremely rare form of serine deficiency syndrome characterized clinically in the two reported cases to date by acquired microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, intractable seizures and hypertonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018162 biolink:NamedThing neurometabolic disorder due to serine deficiency Serine-deficiency syndrome is a very rare infantile-onset potentially treatable neurometabolic disorder characterized clinically by microcephaly, neurodevelopmental disorders and seizures. Three serine-deficiency syndromes have been described: 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-PGDH) deficiency, 3-phosphoserine phosphatase (3-PSP) deficiency, and phosphoserine aminotransferase deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013531 biolink:NamedThing PSPH deficiency 3-Phosphoserine phosphatase deficiency is an extremely rare form of serine deficiency syndrome characterized clinically by congenital microcephaly and severe psychomotor retardation in the single reported case to date, which was associated with Williams syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014725 biolink:NamedThing spastic tetraplegia-thin corpus callosum-progressive postnatal microcephaly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035004 biolink:NamedThing serine biosynthesis pathway deficiency, infantile/juvenile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012603 biolink:NamedThing episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia 2 A dystonia characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of recurrent brief involuntary hyperkinesias triggered by sudden movements that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 16q13-q22.1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100352 biolink:NamedThing episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012608 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive lower motor neuron disease with childhood onset A rare, genetic, neuromuscular disease characterized by proximal muscle weakness with an early involvement of foot and hand muscles following normal motor development in early childhood, a rapidly progressive disease course leading to generalized areflexic tetraplegia with contractures, severe scoliosis, hyperlordosis, and progressive respiratory insufficiency leading to assisted ventilation. Cranial nerve functions are normal and tongue wasting and fasciculations are absent. Milder phenotype with a moderate generalized weakness and slower disease progress was reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015250 biolink:NamedThing spinal atrophy-ophthalmoplegia-pyramidal syndrome Spinal atrophy-ophthalmoplegia-pyramidal syndrome is a rare, bulbospinal muscular atrophy characterized by generalized neonatal hypotonia, progressive pontobulbar and spinal palsy, pyramidal signs, and deafness. External ophthalmoplegia and bilateral mydriasis are typical signs. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012964 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 15q26-qter deletion syndrome Distal monosomy 15q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome characterized by pre- and postnatal growth restriction, developmental delay, variable degrees of intellectual disability, hand and foot anomalies (e.g. brachy-/clinodactyly, talipes equinovarus, nail hypoplasia, proximally placed digits) and mild craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, triangular face, broad nasal bridge, micrognathia). Neonatal lymphedema, heart malformations, aplasia cutis congenita, aortic root dilatation, and autistic spectrum disorder have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013672 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 15q25 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014294 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 15q11.2 deletion syndrome 15q11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a rare partial autosomal monosomy with a variable phenotypic expression and reduced penetrance associated with an increased susceptibility to neuropsychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders including delayed psychomotor development, speech delay, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, epilepsy or seizures. It may also include mild non-specific dysmorphic features (such as dysplastic ears, broad forehead, hypertelorism), cleft palate, neurological and neuroimaging abnormalities (such as ataxia and muscular hypotonia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014822 biolink:NamedThing 15q14 microdeletion syndrome 15q14 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay, short stature and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020301 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi syndrome due to paternal 15q11q13 deletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020302 biolink:NamedThing Angelman syndrome due to maternal 15q11q13 deletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012629 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia 2 A dystonia characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of attacks of dystonic or choreathetotic movements precipitated by stress, fatigue, coffee or alcohol intake or menstruation that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 2q31. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700089 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia 1 Paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PNKD gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012660 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012661 biolink:NamedThing susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012691 biolink:NamedThing LEOPARD syndrome 2 Any Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAF1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013380 biolink:NamedThing LEOPARD syndrome 3 Any Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BRAF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100082 biolink:NamedThing LEOPARD syndrome 1 Any Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines in which the cause of the disease is a heterozygous mutation in the PTPN11 gene on chromosome 12q24. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012717 biolink:NamedThing renal hypomagnesemia 4 Any primary hypomagnesemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EGF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013480 biolink:NamedThing renal hypomagnesemia 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014631 biolink:NamedThing hypomagnesemia, seizures, and intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012761 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 3q29 microduplication syndrome 3q29 microduplication is a chromosomal abnormality associated with variable clinical findings including mild or moderate intellectual deficit and microcephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016954 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 3 Chromosome 3q duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on thelong arm (q) of chromosome 3. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 3q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Chromosome 3q duplication can be de novo or inherited from a parent with a chromosomal rearrangement such as a balanced translocation. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019878 biolink:NamedThing 3q26 microduplication syndrome 3q26 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, developmental delay, intellectual impairment, dysmorphic signs and variable combination of congenital anomalies, including cardiovascular, genitourinary and skeletal anomalies and spectrum of caudal malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013837 biolink:NamedThing deafness-encephaloneuropathy-obesity-valvulopathy syndrome Deafness-encephaloneuropathy-obesity-valvulopathy syndrome is a rare mitochondrial disease with marked clinical variability typically characterized by encephalomyopathy, kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome), optic atrophy, early-onset deafness, pancytopenia, obesity, and cardiac disease (valvulopathy). Additionally, macrocephaly, intellectual disability, hyperlactatemia, elevated lactate/pyruvate ratio, insulin-dependent diabetes, livedo reticularis, liver dysfunction and seizures have also been associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013840 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-renal tubular disease syndrome Encephalopathy-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-renal tubular disease syndrome is a rare mitochondrial disease due to a defect in coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis that manifests with a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms which may include: neonatal lactic acidosis, global developmental delay, tonus disorder, seizures, reduced spontaneous movements, ventricular hypertrophy, bradycardia, renal tubular dysfunction with massive lactic acid excretion in urine, severe biochemical defect of respiratory chain complexes II/III when assayed together and deficiency of coenzyme Q10 in skeletal muscle. Cerebral and cerebellar atrophy can be seen on magnetic resonance imaging and multiple choroid plexus cysts and symmetrical hyperechoic signal alterations in basal ganglia have been observed on ultrasound. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014562 biolink:NamedThing neonatal encephalomyopathy-cardiomyopathy-respiratory distress syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014754 biolink:NamedThing primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency 8 Any coenzyme Q10 deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COQ7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033615 biolink:NamedThing coenzyme q10 deficiency, primary, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012800 biolink:NamedThing trichoepithelioma, multiple familial, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042977 biolink:NamedThing trichoepithelioma, multiple familial, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012806 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013791 biolink:NamedThing thrombophilia due to protein S deficiency, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012869 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 22 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZBTB18 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013266 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 20 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MEF2C gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014580 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 33 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DPP6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014599 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 34 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL4A3BP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014842 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 41 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBL1XR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014855 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 42 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GNB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014858 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 43 Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HIVEP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020847 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 58 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030910 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 45 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030911 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 46 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030914 biolink:NamedThing Clark-Baraitser syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030916 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 50 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030917 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 51 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030918 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 52 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030919 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 53 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030920 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 54 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030921 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 55, with seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030922 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 56 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032485 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder 61 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032795 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder 59 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032823 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder 60 with seizures DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032919 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder 62 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032939 biolink:NamedThing intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 63, with macrocephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054837 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 57 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012871 biolink:NamedThing Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome 2 Any Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024540 biolink:NamedThing Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome 1 Any Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNQ1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014139 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spondylodysplastic type, 2 Any Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spondylodysplastic type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the B3GALT6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035740 biolink:NamedThing acquired factor XI deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012913 biolink:NamedThing Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, intellectual disability, and obesity syndrome A sub-phenotype of WAGR that includes obesity, and is associated with mutation(s) in the BDNF gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012914 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1q21.1 deletion syndrome 1q21.1 microdeletion syndrome is a newly described recurrent deletion syndrome with variable clinical manifestations but without the clinical picture of thrombocytopenia - absent radius (TAR) syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022756 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1q deletion Chromosome 1q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on thelong arm (q) of chromosome 1. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 1q deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016561 biolink:NamedThing 1q44 microdeletion syndrome 1q44 microdeletion syndrome is a newly described syndrome associated with facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, in particular of expressive speech, seizures and hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018205 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 1q 1qter deletion syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly characterized by an intellectual deficiency, progressive microcephaly, seizures, growth delay, distinct facial dysmorphic features and various midline defects including cardiac, corpus callosum, gastro-oesophalgeal and urogenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012915 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1q21.1 duplication syndrome Chromosome 1q21.1 duplication syndrome is a rare condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of a small piece of chromosome 1 in the cells of the body. Signs and symptoms can vary widely among affected individuals. Some individuals have no symptoms, while others may have features such as a large head size (macrocephaly); mild to moderate developmental delay and learning difficulties; autism or autistic-like behavior; heart problems; seizures; and/or and distinctive facial features. This condition can occur sporadically as a de novo mutation (by chance) or can be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner from a parent. Treatment depends on the signs and symptoms present in each individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016952 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016847 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 1q Trisomy 1q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 1, with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by intellectual disability, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. macro/microcephaly, prominent forehead, posteriorly rotated, low-set ears, abnormal palpebral fissures, microphthalmia, broad, flat nasal bridge, high-arched palate, micro/retrognathia), cardiac defects and urogenital anomalies. Patients may also present cerebral (e.g. ventriculomegaly) and gastrointestinal malformations, as well as dystonic tremor and recurrent respiratory tract infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012916 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 2p16.1-p15 deletion syndrome 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016884 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013309 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 2p12-p11.2 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012941 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 25 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL10RB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013153 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory bowel disease 28 Any inflammatory bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL10RA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016888 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016655 biolink:NamedThing 6p22 microdeletion syndrome 6p22 microdeletion syndrome is a newly described syndrome associated with a variable clinical phenotype including developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, short neck and diverse malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012956 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012957 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012958 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013893 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to, 5 Any multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TNFRSF1A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021571 biolink:NamedThing multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012987 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 6, autosomal recessive Any autosomal agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD79B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013287 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 2, autosomal recessive Any autosomal agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IGLL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013288 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 3, autosomal recessive Any autosomal agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD79A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013289 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 4, autosomal recessive Any autosomal agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BLNK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013290 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 5, autosomal dominant Any autosomal agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LRRC8A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014083 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 7, autosomal recessive Any autosomal agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PIK3R1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014840 biolink:NamedThing agammaglobulinemia 8, autosomal dominant Any autosomal agammaglobulinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCF3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020729 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0012993 biolink:NamedThing dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014169 biolink:NamedThing dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria 3 Any dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ABCB6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024524 biolink:NamedThing dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013003 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital hypoglossia/aglossia Isolated aglossia and hypoglossia are terms covering the spectrum from partial to total absence of the tongue. These congenital malformations have been classified as part of the group of oromandibular-limb hypogenesis syndromes (OLHS). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015498 biolink:NamedThing oromandibular-limb anomalies syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013007 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to ORAI1 deficiency A form of combined immunodeficiency due to Calcium release activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel dysfunction characterized by recurrent infections, congenital myopathy, ectodermal dysplasia and anhydrosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013008 biolink:NamedThing combined immunodeficiency due to STIM1 deficiency Aform of combined immunodeficiency due to Calcium release activated Ca2+(CRAC) channel dysfunction characterized by recurrent infections, autoimmunity, congenital myopathy and ectodermal dysplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013025 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 6q24-q25 deletion syndrome 6q25 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay, facial dysmorphism and hearing loss. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016905 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 6 Chromosome 6q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 6. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 6q deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013299 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 6q11-q14 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015749 biolink:NamedThing 6q16 deletion syndrome Deletion 6q16 syndrome is a Prader-Willi like syndrome characterized by obesity, hyperphagia, hypotonia, small hands and feet, eye/vision anomalies, and global developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013040 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with MCP/CD46 anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013041 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with I factor anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013042 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with B factor anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013043 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with C3 anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013044 biolink:NamedThing atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with thrombomodulin anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013048 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 50 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP4M1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013401 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 51 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP4E1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013551 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 47 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP4B1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013552 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 52 Any hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AP4S1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027451 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2D An autosomal recessive cutis laxa type II classic type characterized by cardiovascular and neurologic involvement and that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the ATP6V1A gene on chromosome 3q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027462 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2C An autosomal recessive cutis laxa type II classic type characterized by cardiovascular involvement that has material basis in homozygous mutation in the ATP6V1E1 gene on chromosome 22q11. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013801 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 13 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN8A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014133 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014360 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 21 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NECAP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014377 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 24 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HCN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014392 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 25 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC13A5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014477 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 26 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014533 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 28 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WWOX gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014593 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 29 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the AARS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014598 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 31 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014607 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 32 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014625 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 33 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EEF1A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014718 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 34 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC12A5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014933 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 44 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UBA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014942 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 45 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GABRB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014947 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 46 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GRIN2D gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014949 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 47 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGF12 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013071 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 4, autosomal dominant Any autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYNE1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013072 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 5, autosomal dominant Any autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SYNE2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013677 biolink:NamedThing Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 7, autosomal dominant Any autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TMEM43 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013081 biolink:NamedThing lymphoproliferative syndrome 1 A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of IL2-inducible t-cell kinase. Deficiency of this protein is associated with lymphoproliferative syndrome 1, an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency characterized by onset in early childhood of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated immune dysregulation, manifest as lymphoma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Hodgkin disease, and/or hypogammaglobulinemia.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014054 biolink:NamedThing lymphoproliferative syndrome 2 Any lymphoproliferative syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CD27 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016917 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014659 biolink:NamedThing infantile liver failure syndrome 2 Any infantile liver failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NBAS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024568 biolink:NamedThing infantile liver failure syndrome 1 Any infantile liver failure in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LARS gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032844 biolink:NamedThing infantile liver failure syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013113 biolink:NamedThing metaphyseal anadysplasia 2 Any metaphyseal anadysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MMP9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013142 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type 2B Any hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2 in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RETREG1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024309 biolink:NamedThing neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type 2A A hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2 characterized by progressive sensory neuropathy with onset in childhood that has material basis in mutation in the HSN2 isoform of the WNK1 gene on chromosome 12p13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016942 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy/tetrasomy of the short arm of chromosome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018028 biolink:NamedThing tetrasomy 5p Tetrasomy 5p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with variable phenotype principally characterized by developmental delay, growth retardation/short stature, hypotonia, seizures, venriculomegaly, hand and foot anomalies (e.g. clinodactyly, overlapping toes) and mosaic pigmentary skin changes. Patients may also present minor dysmorphic craniofacial features (incl. macrocephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, abnormal auricles, anteverted nasal tip, midface hypoplasia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016150 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of integrin alpha-7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013187 biolink:NamedThing factor XIII, A subunit, deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013190 biolink:NamedThing factor XIII, b subunit, deficiency of DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017766 biolink:NamedThing disorder of manganese transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013221 biolink:NamedThing Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013222 biolink:NamedThing Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013229 biolink:NamedThing hot water reflex epilepsy Hot water reflex epilepsy is a rare neurologic disease characterized by the onset of generalized or focal seizures following immersion of the head in hot water, or with hot water being poured over the head. Primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures have been reported in rare cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013230 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, hot water, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024508 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, hot water, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013234 biolink:NamedThing hypokalemic periodic paralysis, type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042979 biolink:NamedThing hypokalemic periodic paralysis, type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013238 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17q23.1-q23.2 deletion syndrome 17q23.1q23.2 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay, microcephaly, short stature, heart defects and limb abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016915 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013797 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17q12 deletion syndrome 17q12 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 17 characterized by renal cystic disease, maturity onset diabetes of the young type 5, and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as cognitive impairment, developmental delay (particularly of speech), autistic traits and autism spectrum disorder. Mullerian aplasia in females, macrocephaly, mild facial dysmorphism (high forehead, deep set eyes and chubby cheeks) and transcient hypercalcaemia have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015562 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 17q Distal monosomy 17q is a very rare chromosomal disorder of unknown prevalence characterized by multiple craniofacial (microcephaly and eye, ear, and nose deformities), limb and other multiple organ abnormalities, growth and motor retardation and intellectual deficit. The syndrome is frequently lethal. The deletions include 17(q21.3q23), 17(q21.3q24.2), 17(q23.q24.3) and 17(q23.1q24.2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018216 biolink:NamedThing Koolen-de Vries syndrome due to 17q21.31 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035151 biolink:NamedThing 17q24.2 microdeletion syndrome A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic features-intellectual disability syndrome characterized by developmental and speech delay, intellectual disability, feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, growth retardation, and associated malformations such as abnormality of fingers and toes (i.e. clinodactyly of the 5th finger, 2-3 toe syndactyly), microcephaly, heart defects, and upper airways anomalies. Observed facial dysmorphism includes hypertelorism, small, narrow or downslanting palpebral fissures, ptosis, epicanthus, ear malformations, broad nasal bridge, bulbous/prominent nose, short philtrum, thin lips, retrognathia/micrognathia, arched/cleft palate, and dental anomalies. Additional variable manifestations include hearing and visual impairment, seizures, joint anomalies, obesity, and behavioral/psychiatric disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013247 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi renotubular syndrome 2 Any Fanconi syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC34A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014275 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi renotubular syndrome 3 Any Fanconi syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EHHADH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024525 biolink:NamedThing Fanconi renotubular syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013292 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 4q21 deletion syndrome The 4q21 microdeletion syndrome is a newly described syndrome associated with facial dysmorphism, progressive growth restriction, severe intellectual deficit and absent or severely delayed speech. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016903 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 4 Chromosome 4q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that affects many different parts of the body. People with this condition are missing genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 4 in each cell. The severity of the condition and the associated signs and symptoms vary based on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Common features shared by many people with this deletion includedistinctive craniofacial features, skeletal abnormalities, heart defects, intellectual disability, developmental delay, and short stature. Most cases are not inherited, although affectedpeople can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019895 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 4q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016967 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013796 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17q12 duplication syndrome 17q12 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly with variable phenotypic expression and reduced penetrance associated with developmental delay, mild to severe intellectual disability, speech delay, seizures, microcephaly, behavioral abnormalities, autism spectrum disorder, eye or vision defects (such as strabismus, astigmatism, amblyopia, cataract, coloboma, and microphthalmia), non-specific dysmorphic features, hypotonia, cardiac and renal anomalies, schizophrenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018069 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 17q Distal trisomy 17q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with variable phenotype principally characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, low posterior hairline, frontal bossing, bitemporal narrowing, low-set and malformed ears, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, wide mouth with downturned corners, thin upper lip) and a short, webbed neck, as well as skeletal anomalies (e.g. brachyrhizomelia, poly-/syndactyly) and joint hyperlaxity. Cardiac, cerebral, and urogenital anomalies are also frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013300 biolink:NamedThing commissural facial cleft Greatly exaggerated width of the mouth, resulting from failure of union of the maxillary and mandibular processes, with extension of the oral orifice toward the ear. The defect may be unilateral or bilateral. (Dorland, 27th ed) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013313 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia-cutaneous syndactyly syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024565 biolink:NamedThing ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome 1 Any ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NECTIN4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016955 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 4 Chromosome 4q duplication is a chromosome abnormality characterized by an extra copy (duplication) of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 4. The severity and specific symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication, and which genes are involved. Features that have been described in some people with chromosome 4q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, birth defects, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are inherited from an unaffected parent with a chromosomal rearrangement called a balanced translocation. Some cases are not inherited and occur sporadically. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019879 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 4q Distal trisomy 4q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 4, with highly variable phenotype typically characterized by psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, low-set, prominent ears, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthic folds, broad, prominent nasal bridge, high arched and cleft palate, micro-/retrognathia), seizures, as well as tooth and digital anomalies (clinodactyly, polydactyly). Cardiac malformations, renal anomalies, cryptorchidism, hypotonia and hearing impairment have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013323 biolink:NamedThing cranioectodermal dysplasia 2 Any cranioectodermal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WDR35 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013573 biolink:NamedThing cranioectodermal dysplasia 3 Any cranioectodermal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFT43 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013719 biolink:NamedThing cranioectodermal dysplasia 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021093 biolink:NamedThing cranioectodermal dysplasia 1 Any cranioectodermal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IFT122 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016897 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016765 biolink:NamedThing 19p13.12 microdeletion syndrome 19p13.12 microdeletion syndrome is a newly described syndrome characterized by moderate to severe developmental delay, language delay, bilateral sensorineural and/or conductive hearing loss and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019893 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 19p13.3 Distal monosomy 19p13.3 is a rare chromosomal anomaly associated with a wide range of phenotypic features depending on the size of the deletion. It may present with intrauterine growth retardation, failure to thrive, global developmental delay, dysmorphic features (such as broad forehead, midface retrusion, broad nasal bridge, micrognathia, smooth philtrum, low-set, dysplastic ears), congenital anomalies (such as atrial septal defect, gastrointestinal anomalies, renal and urogenital malformations, agenesis of the corpus callosum) and other clinical features (such as hearing loss, visual impairment and immune dysregulation). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013345 biolink:NamedThing d-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria 2 Any D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IDH2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024554 biolink:NamedThing D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria 1 Any D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the D2HGDH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016990 biolink:NamedThing acquired prothrombin deficiency An instance of prothrombin deficiency that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013409 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 5 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing age related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ERCC6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014189 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 13 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing age related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CFI gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014266 biolink:NamedThing age related macular degeneration 15 An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing age related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013411 biolink:NamedThing cataract 16 multiple types Any early-onset non-syndromic cataract in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CRYAB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013423 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency due to MASP-2 deficiency Immunodeficiency due to MASP-2 deficiency is a rare, genetic immunodeficiency due to a complement cascade protein anomaly characterized by low serum levels of MASP-2 and a variable susceptibility to bacterial infections (e.g. pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumococcal pneumonia, skin abscesses and sepsis), and autoimmune diseases (e.g. inflammatory lung disease, cystic fibrosis, systemic lupus erythematosus). In many cases it remains asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013467 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency due to ficolin3 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013714 biolink:NamedThing mannose-binding lectin deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016885 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018564 biolink:NamedThing 3p25.3 microdeletion syndrome A rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by intellectual disability, epilepsy or EEG abnormalities, poor speech, ataxia, and stereotypic hand movements. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013472 biolink:NamedThing fatal infantile hypertonic myofibrillar myopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013490 biolink:NamedThing megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 2A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013491 biolink:NamedThing megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 2B, remitting, with or without intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024555 biolink:NamedThing megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013502 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis, primary localized cutaneous, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024522 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis, primary localized cutaneous, 1 Any primary cutaneous amyloidosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the OSMR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054765 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis, primary localized cutaneous, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013512 biolink:NamedThing hemoglobin H disease Hemoglobin H (HbH) disease is a moderate to severe form of alpha-thalassemia characterized by pronounced microcytic hypochromic hemolytic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015579 biolink:NamedThing Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis is the most severe form of alpha-thalassemia and is almost always lethal. It is characterized by fetal onset of generalized edema, pleural and pericardial effusions, and severe hypochromic anemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013536 biolink:NamedThing heme oxygenase 1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013555 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 3 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HPS3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013557 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HPS5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013558 biolink:NamedThing Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 6 Any Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HPS6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013590 biolink:NamedThing Stickler syndrome, type 4 Any autosomal recessive Stickler syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL9A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013666 biolink:NamedThing Stickler syndrome, type 5 Any autosomal recessive Stickler syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL9A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013592 biolink:NamedThing nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013605 biolink:NamedThing brittle cornea syndrome 2 Any brittle cornea syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PRDM5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024543 biolink:NamedThing brittle cornea syndrome 1 Any brittle cornea syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZNF469 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013622 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 9 Any inherited bleeding disorder, platelet-type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ITGA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013623 biolink:NamedThing platelet-type bleeding disorder 11 Any inherited bleeding disorder, platelet-type in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GP6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013633 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced, susceptibility to, 4 Any encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CPT2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030313 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced (herpes-specific), susceptibility to, 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030334 biolink:NamedThing encephalitis, acute, infection (viral)-induced, susceptibility to, 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032742 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced, susceptibility to, 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054754 biolink:NamedThing encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced (herpes-specific), susceptibility to, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800187 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 83, susceptibility to viral infections An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing viral infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019597 biolink:NamedThing 46,XY disorder of sex development due to isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency 46,XY disorder of sex development due to isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency is a rare disorder of sex development due to reduced 17,20-lyase activity that affects individuals with 46,XY karyotype and is characterized by ambiguous external genitalia, including micropenis, perineal hypospadias, bifid scrotum, cryptorchidism, and a blind vaginal pouch. Blood pressure and electrolytes are normal whilst hormonal investigations show normal basal and stimulated levels of cortisol, and low basal and stimulated androgen levels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016951 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy/tetrasomy of the short arm of chromosome 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015740 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 18p Trisomy 18p is an extremely rare chromosomal anomaly with a poorly defined clinical phenotype. Reported manifestations include short stature, mild, moderate or severe developmental delay and intellectual disability, variable but mild facial dysmorphism, and epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013678 biolink:NamedThing EDICT syndrome EDICT (endothelial dystrophy-iris hypoplasia-congenital cataract-stromal thinning) syndrome is a very rare eye disorder representing a constellation of autosomal dominantly inherited ocular findings, including early-onset or congenital cataracts, corneal stromal thinning, early-onset keratoconus, corneal endothelial dystrophy, and iris hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019085 biolink:NamedThing vernal keratoconjunctivitis Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, severe allergy that affectsthe surfaces of the eyes. It most commonly occurs in boys living in warm, dry climates. Attacks associated with VKC are common in the spring (hence the name 'vernal') and summer but often reoccur in the winter. Signs and symptoms usually begin before 10 years of age and may include hard, cobblestone-like bumps (papillae) on the upper eyelid; sensitivity to light; redness; sticky mucus discharge; andinvoluntary blinking or spasms of the eyelid (blepharospasm).The condition usually subsides at the onset of puberty. It is caused by ahypersensitivity (allergic reaction)to airborne-allergens. Management focuses on preventing 'flare ups' and relieving the symptoms of the condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013687 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 12 Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-epilepsy-intellectual disability syndrome due to WWOX deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-epilepsy-intellectual disability syndrome characterized by early-childhood onset of cerebellar ataxia associated with generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy and psychomotor development delay, dysarthria, gaze-evoked nystagmus and learning disability. Other features in some patients include upper motor neuron signs with leg spasticity and extensor plantar responses, and mild cerebellar atrophy on brain MRI. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014311 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 15 Any autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-epilepsy-intellectual disability syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RUBCN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014846 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia - epilepsy - intellectual disability syndrome due to TUD deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013693 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory skin and bowel disease, neonatal, 1 Any neonatal inflammatory skin and bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADAM17 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014481 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory skin and bowel disease, neonatal, 2 Any neonatal inflammatory skin and bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EGFR gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013700 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase deficiency An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation(s) in the PNLIP gene, encoding pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase. The condition is characterized by absent or reduced pancreatic lipase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013723 biolink:NamedThing bacteremia, susceptibility to, 1 Any bacteremia, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TIRAP gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013724 biolink:NamedThing bacteremia, susceptibility to, 2 Any bacteremia, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CISH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013727 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility to, 1 Any pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the F5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013728 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility to, 2 Any pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the F2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013729 biolink:NamedThing pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility to, 3 Any pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ANXA5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013736 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, centronuclear, 3 Any autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYF6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024566 biolink:NamedThing febrile seizures, familial, 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018360 biolink:NamedThing neonatal lupus erythematosus A self-limited skin rash that appears in the neonatal period and usually resolves in four to six months after birth. It is caused by placental transfer of maternal autoantibodies, usually anti-Ro antibody. In a minority of cases, it is associated with congenital heart block, hepatitis, or thrombocytopenia. The mothers of the affected babies may be asymptomatic or suffer from systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, or rheumatoid arthritis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019725 biolink:NamedThing pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044113 biolink:NamedThing bullous systemic lupus erythematosus A manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus with a widespread vesiculobullous eruption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013748 biolink:NamedThing ventricular septal defect 2 Any ventricular septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CITED2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013749 biolink:NamedThing ventricular septal defect 3 Any ventricular septal defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NKX2-5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800107 biolink:NamedThing anterior deviation infundibular septum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013790 biolink:NamedThing mirror movements 2 Any familial congenital mirror movements in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RAD51 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014478 biolink:NamedThing mirror movements 3 Any familial congenital mirror movements in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAL4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032641 biolink:NamedThing mirror movements 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013798 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16q22 deletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016914 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016838 biolink:NamedThing 16q24.3 microdeletion syndrome 16q24.3 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome associated with variable developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, seizures and autistic spectrum disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013815 biolink:NamedThing FGFR2-related bent bone dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013818 biolink:NamedThing trichohepatoenteric syndrome 2 Any tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SKIV2L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024541 biolink:NamedThing trichohepatoenteric syndrome 1 Any tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TTC37 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014887 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow failure syndrome 3 Any bone marrow failure syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAJC21 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020856 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow failure syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030015 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow failure syndrome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030894 biolink:NamedThing AMED syndrome, digenic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032573 biolink:NamedThing bone marrow failure syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013858 biolink:NamedThing pontine tegmental cap dysplasia Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia (PTCD) is a non-progressive neurological disorder characterized by significant developmental delay, cranial nerve dysfunction, and malformation of the hindbrain.Individuals with PTCD may have a collection of medical and developmental problems including: hearing impairment, ataxia,language and speech disorders, feeding and swallowingdifficulties, heartmalformations and facial paralysis.The severity of themedical problems varies among patients. Some patients have a good long-term prognosiswith normal intelligence and partial speech. The cause of PTCD has not been identified. Treatment is focused on managing the underlying symptoms and may include interventions such as cochlear implantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015915 biolink:NamedThing cerebellar malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013878 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related, 1 Any pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TERT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013879 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014612 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related, 4 Any pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PARN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014613 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related, 3 Any pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RTEL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030690 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, telomere-related, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032865 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, telomere-related, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013884 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 5B Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the REEP1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030860 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 5C Any neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BSCL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013902 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve disease 2 Any aortic valve disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMAD6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024523 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve disease 1 Any aortic valve disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NOTCH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032783 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve disease 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013905 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 13 Autosomal recessive congenital cerebellar ataxia due to MGLUR1 deficiency is a rare, genetic, slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease resulting from MGLUR1 deficiency characterized by global developmental delay (beginning in infancy), mild to severe intellectual deficit with poor or absent speech, moderate to severe stance and gait ataxia, pyramidal signs (e.g. hyperreflexia) and mild dysdiadochokinesia, dysmetria, tremors, and/or dysarthria. Oculomotor signs, such as nystagmus, strabismus, ptosis and hypometric saccades, may also be associated. Brain imaging reveals progressive, generalized, moderate to severe cerebellar atrophy, inferior vermian hypoplasia, and/or constitutionally small brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014530 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 18 Autosomal recessive congenital cerebellar ataxia due to GRID2 deficiency is a rare, genetic, slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease resulting from GRID2 deficiency characterized by motor, speech and cognitive delay, hypotonia, truncal and appendicular ataxia, and eye movement abnormalities (tonic upgaze, nystagmus, oculomotor apraxia). Intention tremor may also be associated. Brain imaging reveals progressive cerebellar atrophy with cerebellar flocculus particularly affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013918 biolink:NamedThing distal tetrasomy 15q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015728 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 15q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013930 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 4A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100263 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX6 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013931 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 4B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013932 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 5A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100260 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX2 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013933 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 5B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013936 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 6A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100264 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX10 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013937 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 6B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013938 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 7A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100271 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX26 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX26 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013939 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 7B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013942 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 8A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100269 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX16 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX16 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013943 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 8B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013945 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 9B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100261 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX3 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100267 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX13 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX13 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100268 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX14 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX14 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100270 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX19 defect Any Zellweger spectrum disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX19 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100279 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to PEX11B defect Any peroxisome biogenesis disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX11B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800298 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder, complementation group 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013948 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 10A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054549 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 10B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013949 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 11A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013950 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 11B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013951 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 12A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013952 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 13A (Zellweger) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800365 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder, complementation group K DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013967 biolink:NamedThing peroxisome biogenesis disorder 14B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0013996 biolink:NamedThing focal facial dermal dysplasia type II Focal facial dermal dysplasia type II (FFDD2) is a focal facial dermal dysplasia (FFDD), characterized by congenital bitemporal scar-like depressions and other facial and organ abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014021 biolink:NamedThing familial episodic pain syndrome with predominantly upper body involvement DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014246 biolink:NamedThing episodic pain syndrome, familial, 2 Any familial episodic pain syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCN10A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014057 biolink:NamedThing maple syrup urine disease, mild variant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030827 biolink:NamedThing macrothrombocytopenia, isolated, 2, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800047 biolink:NamedThing macrothrombocytopenia, isolated, 1, autosomal dominant Any autosomal dominant macrothrombocytopenia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBB1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014081 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to CARD11 deficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency due to CARD11 deficiency is a rare combined T and B cell immunodeficiency characterized by normal numbers of T and B lymphocytes, increased numbers of transitional B cells and hypo- to agammaglobulinemia, decreased numbers of regulatory T cells and defects in T-cell functions. It presents with severe susceptibility to infections, including opportunistic infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014267 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to IKK2 deficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency due to IKK2 deficiency is a rare, genetic form of primary immunodeficiency characterized by life-threatening bacterial, fungal and viral infections with the onset in infancy, and failure to thrive. Typically, hypogammaglobulinemia or agammaglobulinemia and normal levels of T and B cells are present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014391 biolink:NamedThing severe combined immunodeficiency due to CTPS1 deficiency Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to CTPS1 deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder due to impaired capacity of activated T- and B-cells to proliferate in response to antigen receptor-mediated activation characterized by early-onset, severe, persistent and/or recurrent viral infections due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Varicella Zoster virus (VZV), (including generalized varicella), as well as recurrent sino-pulmonary bacterial infections due to encapsulated pathogens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016330 biolink:NamedThing non-familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy An instance of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016424 biolink:NamedThing progressive sensorineural hearing loss-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy syndrome Progressive sensorineural hearing loss - hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an extremely rare disorder described in one family to date that is characterized by progressive, late onset, autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss, QT interval prolongation, and mild cardiac hypertrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017336 biolink:NamedThing fatal infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to mitochondrial complex I deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014125 biolink:NamedThing symphalangism, proximal, 1B Any proximal symphalangism in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GDF5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020733 biolink:NamedThing proximal symphalangism 1A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014130 biolink:NamedThing Dowling-Degos disease 2 Any Dowling-Degos disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POFUT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014301 biolink:NamedThing dowling-degos disease 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014307 biolink:NamedThing Dowling-Degos disease 4 Any Dowling-Degos disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the POGLUT1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024534 biolink:NamedThing Dowling-Degos disease 1 Any Dowling-Degos disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KRT5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014134 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension, primary, 2 Any primary pulmonary hypertension in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMAD9 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014135 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension, primary, 3 Any primary pulmonary hypertension in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CAV1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014136 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension, primary, 4 Any primary pulmonary hypertension in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the KCNK3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024533 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary hypertension, primary, 1 Any primary pulmonary hypertension in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BMPR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014150 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 94 An idiopathic generalized epilepsy characterized by onset of multiple seizure types in the first few years of life and associated with poor prognosis. Affected individuals have cognitive regression and intellectual disability. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014633 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic-atonic epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014921 biolink:NamedThing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 43 Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GABRB3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016026 biolink:NamedThing infant epilepsy with migrant focal crisis An infantile epilepsy syndrome characterized by early-onset progressive encephalopathy with migrant, continuous myoclonus. Three cases have been reported. The focal continuous myoclonus appeared during the first months of life. Prolonged bilateral myoclonic seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures occurred later. Subsequently, a progressive encephalopathy with hypotonia and ataxia appeared. Cortical atrophy was revealed by computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aetiology is unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017852 biolink:NamedThing infantile spasms-broad thumbs syndrome A rare neurologic disorder characterized by profound developmental delay, facial dysmorphism (i.e. microcephaly, large anterior fontanel, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, beaked nose, micrognathia), broad thumbs and flexion and/or extension spasms. Bilateral cataracts, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hydrocele have also been reported. EEG shows hypsarrhythmic features and MRI may reveal partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, mild brain atrophy and/or ventriculomegaly. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1990. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018126 biolink:NamedThing progressive myoclonic epilepsy with dystonia A rare, genetic epilepsy syndrome characterized by neonatal or early infantile onset of severe, progressive, typically frequent and prolonged myoclonic seizures that are refractory to treatment, associated with localized and/or generalized paroxysmal dystonia (which later becomes persistent). Other features include severe hypotonia, hemiplegia, psychomotor regression (or lack of psychomotor development) and progressive cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, with affected individuals becoming progressively non-reactive to environmental stimuli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019488 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy in non-progressive encephalopathies A rare epilepsy syndrome characterized by recurrent, long-lasting myoclonic status in infants and young children with a non-progressive encephalopathy, associated with transient and recurring motor, cognitive and/or behavioral disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034099 biolink:NamedThing SYNGAP1-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy A rare genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) characterized by developmental delay, generalized epilepsy consisting of eyelid myoclonia with absences and myoclonic-atonic seizures, intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014222 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014453 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency 36 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014243 biolink:NamedThing Schaaf-Yang syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015785 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi syndrome due to translocation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015786 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi syndrome due to imprinting mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014244 biolink:NamedThing hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 7 Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 7 (HSAN7) is a genetic condition that causes the inability to feel pain, excessive sweating, and gastrointestinal issues. Gastrointestinal issues can cause failure to thrive, painful constipation, and diarrhea. The constipation is due to intestinal dysmotility, where the the muscles and nerves of the digestive system do not move food through the digestive tract like it should. Signs and symptoms of HSAN7 usually appear at birth or during infancy. The inability to feel pain often leads to repeated, severe injuries, including bone fractures and joint dislocations. People with HSAN7 may also heal slowly putting them at risk for further complications, such as infection. Excessive sweating may cause itching. Other features may include partial insensitivity to cold and hot temperatures, mild muscle weakness, and motor skill delays. HSAN7 is not known to affect learning or intelligence. Treatment of HSAN7 aims to prevent injury and treat gastrointestinal and orthopedic problems. HSAN7 is caused by a mutation in the SCN11A gene. People with HSAN7 have a 1 in 2 or 50% chance of passing the condition on to each of their children. This pattern of inheritance is called ' autosomal dominant.' DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014254 biolink:NamedThing otofaciocervical syndrome 2 Any otofaciocervical syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024532 biolink:NamedThing otofaciocervical syndrome 1 Any otofaciocervical syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EYA1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014258 biolink:NamedThing congenital microcephaly - severe encephalopathy - progressive cerebral atrophy syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014282 biolink:NamedThing hereditary spastic paraplegia 72 Any pure hereditary spastic paraplegia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the REEP2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014319 biolink:NamedThing renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 2 Any renal agenesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGF20 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015986 biolink:NamedThing bilateral renal agenesis Bilateral renal agenesis is the most profound form of renal agenesis, characterized by complete absence of kidney development, absent ureters and subsequent absence of fetal renal function resulting in Potter sequence with pulmonary hypoplasia related to oligohydramnios, which is fatal shortly after birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019636 biolink:NamedThing renal agenesis, unilateral Unilateral renal agenesis (URA) is a form of renal agenesis characterized by the complete absence of development of one kidney accompanied by an absent ureter. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024519 biolink:NamedThing renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024520 biolink:NamedThing renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030822 biolink:NamedThing renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020837 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021573 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 2 Any inherited oocyte maturation defect in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TUBB8 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021574 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021575 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030490 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030523 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030925 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032696 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032810 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033564 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033565 biolink:NamedThing oocyte maturation defect 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014355 biolink:NamedThing cardiomyopathy, dilated, with woolly hair, keratoderma, and tooth agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700023 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 16 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 16 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016934 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019909 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 16 Ring chromosome 16 is characterized bypostnatal growthdeficiency, intellectual disability, microcephaly, broad flat nasal bridge, down-turned mouth, low-set and dysmorphic (abnormally-shaped) ears and speech delay.To date, less than 10 cases have been reported in the medical literature. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014383 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, tubular aggregate, 2 Any tubular aggregate myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ORAI1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024531 biolink:NamedThing myopathy, tubular aggregate, 1 Any tubular aggregate myopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STIM1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014387 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, progressive, with ovarian failure DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020506 biolink:NamedThing ovarioleukodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014861 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune disease, multisystem, infantile-onset, 2 Any autoimmune disease, multisystem, infantile-onset in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ZAP70 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014416 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia 2 Any Cushing syndrome due to macronodular adrenal hyperplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ARMC5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020735 biolink:NamedThing ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043141 biolink:NamedThing microdontia hypodontia short stature DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016157 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of fukutin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016182 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of protein O-mannose beta1, 2N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016183 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of protein glycosyltransferase-like DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014490 biolink:NamedThing ketoacidosis due to monocarboxylate transporter-1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018579 biolink:NamedThing disorder of ketone body transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100275 biolink:NamedThing fatty acyl-CoA reductase defects Any disorder of plasmalogen biosynthesis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FAR1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014555 biolink:NamedThing peeling skin syndrome type A Peeling skin syndrome (PSS) type A is a non inflammatory form of generalized PSS, a type of ichthyosis, characterized by generalized white scaling and superficial painless peeling of the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016993 biolink:NamedThing generalized peeling skin syndrome type C DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024548 biolink:NamedThing peeling skin syndrome 1 Any peeling skin syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDSN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014563 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial short-chain Enoyl-Coa hydratase 1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100372 biolink:NamedThing disorder of peroxisomal transporter Any peroxisomal single enzyme/protein defect that disrupts peroxisomal transport. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014591 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 2 Any autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DVL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014819 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 3 Any Robinow syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DVL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024455 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 1 Any autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the WNT5A gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014646 biolink:NamedThing Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 2 Any Zimmermann-Laband syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ATP6V1B2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032854 biolink:NamedThing zimmermann-laband syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022055 biolink:NamedThing Calabro syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014700 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder-craniofacial dysmorphism-cardiac defect-hip dysplasia syndrome due to a point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018131 biolink:NamedThing neurodevelopmental disorder-craniofacial dysmorphism-cardiac defect-hip dysplasia syndrome due to 9q21 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016964 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016835 biolink:NamedThing 14q11.2 microduplication syndrome 14q11.2 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by developmental delay, mild to severe intellectual disability with speech impairment and epilepsy. Additionally, it may include dysmorphic features (such as hypo- or hypertelorism, dysplastic ears, short palpebral fissures), microcephaly or macrocephaly, behavioral abnormalities, stereotyped hand movements, ataxia, hypotonia, cleft palate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015430 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 1 Ring chromosome 1 syndrome is an autosomal anomaly characterized by variable clinical features, most commonly including significant intrauterine and postnatal growth failure, developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, and dysmorphic facial features. Some less frequent clinical features are dysgenesis of corpus callosum, atrial septal defect, rocker bottom feet and clinodactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015432 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 12 Ring chromosome 12 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by postnatal growth retardation, variable degrees of developmental delay and intellectual disability, microcephaly and facial dysmorphism (incl. epicanthal folds, low-set, cupped ears, prominent nose with flat nasal bridge, high arched palate, micrognathia). Skeletal abnormalities (e.g. pectus excavatum, clinodactyly), congenital heart malformations, cryptorchidism, café-au-lait spots and epilepsy have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015433 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 17 Ring chromosome 17 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from partial deletion of chromosome 17, characterized by highly variable manifestations, ranging from a severe phenotype which presents with lissencephaly and severe intellectual disability to a milder phenotype that includes short stature, microcephaly, intellectual disability, seizures (that may be pharmacoresistant), café-au-lait spots, retinal flecks and minor facial dysmorphism, depending on the presence or absence of the Miller-Dieker critical region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015435 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 19 Ring chromosome 19 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with a highly variable phenotype that may range from normal to patients with profound intellectual disability, developmental delay, learning disability (esp. speech) and mild dysmorphism (incl. micro/macrocephaly, prominent forehead, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, hypertelorism, high nasal bridge, prominent philtrum, retro/micrognathia). Mild hypotonia and autistic-like mannerisms (e.g. hand opening and closing, head banging) may also be associated. Other anomalies, such as cutis laxa, hearing loss, syndactyly, digital hypoplasia, and talipes equinovarus, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015438 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 22 Ring chromosome 22 is a rare condition caused by having an abnormal chromosome 22 that forms a ring. In this chromosome abnormality,a segment on the short (p) arm and a segment on the long (q) arm of 22 are missing. The amount of material lost varies from person to person. The remaining ends of chromosome 22 have joined together to make a ring shape. Chromosome 22 is an acrocentric chromosome, meaning that the centromere is near one end, creating a very small short (p) arm that does not contain genes that are relevant to development. Thus, only the lost genes on the long (q) arm matter. Knowing the breakpoint in the long arm is likely more helpful. Most cases are sporadic (happen by chance) and occur in people with no history of the condition in their family. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015439 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 4 Ring chromosome 4 syndrome is an autosomal anomaly characterized by variable clinical features, most commonly including significant intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, and dysmorphic facial features. Some less frequent features are cleft lip and/or cleft palate, congenital cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and genitourinary system anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015440 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 6 Ring chromosome 6 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with highly variable phenotype principally characterized by prenatal/postnatal growth failure, intellectual disability, developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, microphthalmia, epicanthus, low-set and malformed ears, broad and flat nasal bridge, full lips, micrognathia), central nervous system anomalies (e.g. hydrocephalus, cortical atrophy, ventriculomegaly), short neck, and delayed bone age. Cardiac defects, limb anomalies, hip joint malformations, and seizures have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015441 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 7 Ring chromosome 7 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by growth failure, short stature, intellectual disability, dermatological abnormalities (nevus flammeus, dark pigmented nevi, café-au-lait spots), microcephaly and facial dysmorphism (incl. facial asymmetry, small ears, abnormal palpebral fissures, ptosis, epicanthic folds, hyper/hypotelorism). Additional reported features include convulsions, cleft lip and palate, clinodactyly, kyphoscoliosis and genital anomalies (i.e. cryptorchidism, hypospadias, micropenis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015443 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 8-derived supernumerary ring/marker Chromosome 8-derived supernumerary ring/marker is a rare chromosomal anomaly comprising variable parts of chromosome 8. The phenotype of mosaic or non-mosaic supernumerary r(8)/mar(8) ranges from almost normal to variable degrees of minor abnormalities, and growth and mental retardation overlapping with the well-known mosaic trisomy 8 syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016654 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 5 Ring chromosome 5 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with high phenotypic variability, principally characterized by a neonatal mewing cry, severe developmental delay and intellectual disability, short stature, hypotonia, dysmorphic features (incl. microcephaly, facial asymmetry, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, abnormal ears, micro/retrognathia), congenital cardiac anomalies (such as atrial and ventricular septal defect, tricuspid insufficiency, hypoplastic aorta) and skeletal abnormalities (e.g. hypoplastic thumbs, anomalous ulna/radius, dysplastic metacarpals and phalanges). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016853 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome Y Ring chromosome Y is a rare chromosome Y structural anomaly, with a highly variable phenotype, mostly characterized by short stature, partial to total gonadal failure, sexual infantilism, genital anomalies (e.g. ambiguous genitalia, hypospadias, cryptorchidism), and azoospermia or oligozoospermia. Additional reported features include speech delay, obesity, and acanthosis nigricans. Gender dysphoria and comorbid bipolar disorder have also been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019903 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 2 Ring chromosome 2 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with highly variable phenotype principally characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, failure to thrive, developmental delay, hypotonia, mild dysmorphic features (incl. microcephaly, short forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, wide nasal bridge, broad nasal tip, long philtrum, thin upper lip, micrognathia, short neck), skeletal anomalies (e.g. kyphosis, brachydactyly, clinodactyly, talipes equinovarus) and dermatological features (i.e. café-au-lait spots). Patients may also present ventriculoseptal defects and genital abnormalities (e.g. genital hypoplasia, phimosis, cryptorchidism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019904 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 3 Ring chromosome 3 syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by pre- and postnatal growth retardation, short stature, developmental delay, mild to severe intellectual disability, microcephaly and mild dysmorphic features (incl. triangular face, dysplastic ears, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthic folds, broad nasal bridge, full nasal tip, long philtrum, downturned corners of the mouth, and micro/retrognathia). Additional manifestations reported include hypotonia, mild articular limitation, hearing loss, digital anomalies (i.e. clinodacytyly, brachydactyly), café-au-lait patches and hypospadias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019905 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 9 Ring chromosome 9 syndrome is an autosomal anomaly characterized by variable clinical features, most commonly including developmental delay, some degree of intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, microcephaly, congenital heart anomalies, and variable genital, limb and skeletal anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019906 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 11 Ring chromosome 11 syndrome is an autosomal anomaly characterized by variable clinical features, including early growth retardation and short stature, microcephaly, developmental delay, some degree of intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism and café-au-lait spots. In some cases, congenital heart disease and endocrine abnormalities have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019908 biolink:NamedThing ring chromosome 15 Ring chromosome 15 is a chromosome abnormality that affects growth, learning, and speech. People with ring chromosome 15 often have growth delays before and after birth, resulting in short stature; varying degrees of intellectual disability ; low muscle tone (hypotonia); craniofacial malformations; and limb abnormalities. Other symptoms might include congenital heart defects, kidney problems, congenital dislocation of the hips, and cafe-au-lait spots. Ring chromosome 15 is caused by an abnormal chromosome known as a ring chromosome 15 or r(15). A ring chromosome is a circular structure that occurs when a chromosome breaks in two places and the broken ends fuse together. The features of ring chromosome 15 appear to result from the loss (deletion) of genetic material from the long (q) arm of chromosome 15. Ring chromosome 15 is usually caused by spontaneous (de novo) errors very early in embryonic development. In rare cases, it is passed through families, either from a parent who also has a ring chromosome 15, or from a parent who has a balanced translocation. Treatment for ring chromosome 15 is focused on addressing the symptoms present in each individual and may require a team of medical specialists. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014741 biolink:NamedThing DeSanto-Shinawi syndrome due to WAC point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014743 biolink:NamedThing rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 5 Any rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PEX5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014755 biolink:NamedThing skin creases, congenital symmetric circumferential, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020738 biolink:NamedThing multiple benign circumferential skin creases on limbs 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014777 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 2 Any hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the UNC80 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014823 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3 A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by usually profound intellectual disability with absent speech, severe infantile hypotonia with decreased or absent reflexes, markedly slow motor development (with no progress beyond the ability to sit independently), early-onset epilepsy, strabismus and post-natal onset of progressive brain atrophy (incl. loss of brain volume, ex vacuo ventriculomegaly, dysgenesis of corpus callosum, white matter abnormalities ranging from non-specific changes to leukodystrophy). Swallowing difficulties, respiratory insufficiency, osteoporosis and variable craniofacial dysmorphisms (incl. plagio/brachicephaly, bitemporal narrowing, high-arched eyebrows, high nasal bridge, anteverted nares, high palate, tented upper lip) may constitute additional clinical features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024567 biolink:NamedThing hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 1 Any hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NALCN gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032753 biolink:NamedThing spastic ataxia 9, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014806 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy with congenital bone fractures 1 Any prenatal-onset spinal muscular atrophy with congenital bone fractures in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRIP4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014807 biolink:NamedThing spinal muscular atrophy with congenital bone fractures 2 Any prenatal-onset spinal muscular atrophy with congenital bone fractures in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ASCC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700044 biolink:NamedThing TUBB2A-related tubulinopathy A tubulinopathy syndrome often associated with microtubule dysfunction, malformations of the corpus callosum, enlarged ventricles, dysgyria, abnormal basal ganglia, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia/dysplasia, and decreased white matter, due to heterozygous variants in TUBB2A. Individuals may present with variable combinations of malformations of the corpus callosum, enlarged ventricles, dysgyria, abnormal basal ganglia, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia/dysplasia, and decreased white matter. Epilepsy, speech impairment, and motor impairment are also frequent features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019179 biolink:NamedThing monosomy 9q22.3 Interstitial 9q22.3 microdeletion is associated with a phenotype including macrocephaly, overgrowth and trigonocephaly. Psychomotor delay, hyperactivity and distinctive facial features were also observed. It has been described in two unrelated children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014851 biolink:NamedThing hypercalcemia, infantile, 2 Any hypercalcemia, infantile in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SLC34A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020739 biolink:NamedThing hypercalcemia, infantile, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018529 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of Torsin-1A-interacting protein 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014919 biolink:NamedThing sessile serrated polyposis cancer syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014924 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci 2 Any epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NPRL2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014925 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci 3 Any epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NPRL3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024556 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci 1 Any epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DEPDC5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054776 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial focal, with variable foci 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014935 biolink:NamedThing frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2 Any frontometaphyseal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MAP3K7 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024550 biolink:NamedThing frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1 Any frontometaphyseal dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FLNA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014937 biolink:NamedThing aniridia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014938 biolink:NamedThing aniridia 3 Any isolated aniridia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRIM44 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024507 biolink:NamedThing aniridia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014954 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, periodontal type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020684 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, periodontal type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014955 biolink:NamedThing RCBTB1-related retinopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014972 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 19q13.11 deletion syndrome, proximal Chromosome 19q13.11 deletion syndrome in which the proximal region was deleted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700107 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 19q13.11 deletion syndrome, distal Chromosome 19q13.11 deletion syndrome in which the distal region was deleted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014989 biolink:NamedThing uncombable hair syndrome 2 Any uncombable hair syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TGM3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0014990 biolink:NamedThing uncombable hair syndrome 3 Any uncombable hair syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCHH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020736 biolink:NamedThing uncombable hair syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800182 biolink:NamedThing TEK-related primary glaucoma Any primary hereditary glaucoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TEK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015005 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, early-onset, vitamin B6-dependent DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020741 biolink:NamedThing pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy caused by ALDH7A1 mutant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700080 biolink:NamedThing EPHB4-associated vascular malformation spectrum Any vascular malformation in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the EPHB4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020785 biolink:NamedThing capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015010 biolink:NamedThing atypical glycine encephalopathy Atypical glycine encephalopathy is a rare form of glycine encephalopathy (GE) presenting disease onset or clinical manifestations that differ from neonatal or infantile GE. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017353 biolink:NamedThing neonatal glycine encephalopathy Neonatal glycine encephalopathy is a frequent, usually severe form of glycine encephalopathy (GE) characterized by coma, apnea, hypotonia, seizure and myoclonic jerks in the neonatal period, and subsequent developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017354 biolink:NamedThing infantile glycine encephalopathy Infantile glycine encephalopathy is a mild to severe form of glycine encephalopathy (GE), characterized by early hypotonia, developmental delay and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015026 biolink:NamedThing cerebroretinal microangiopathy with calcifications and cysts 2 Any Coats plus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the STN1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024564 biolink:NamedThing cerebroretinal microangiopathy with calcifications and cysts 1 Any Coats plus syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTC1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015029 biolink:NamedThing reticular perineurioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015031 biolink:NamedThing extraneural perineurioma Extraneural perineurioma is a rare tumor of cranial and spinal nerves arising from peripheral nerve sheet and composed exclusively or predominantly of cells showing perineurial differentiation. It presents as a well-circumscribed, rarely encapsulated mass, not associated with a recognizable nerve, most commonly arising in the dermis and subcutis of the extremities or trunk, or, rarely, in deep soft tissue or skin (e.g., in the stomach, kidney, pancreas, maxillary sinus, mandible, bronchial tree and the face). The clinical presentation depends on the localization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015030 biolink:NamedThing sclerosing perineurioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015032 biolink:NamedThing intraneural perineurioma A WHO grade I perineurioma that arises within the endoneurium. It is characterized by the formation of pseudo-onion bulbs by the proliferating perineural cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015033 biolink:NamedThing ABeta amyloidosis, dutch type Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis, Dutch type (HCHWA-D) is a form of HCHWA, a group of familial central nervous system disorders, characterized by severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic strokes and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017945 biolink:NamedThing ABetaL34V amyloidosis Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA), Piedmont type is a form of HCHWA characterized by an age of onset between 50-70 years of age, recurrent lobar intracerebral hemorrhages and cognitive decline. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017946 biolink:NamedThing ABeta amyloidosis, Iowa type Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA), Iowa type is a form of HCHWA characterized by age of onset between 50-66 years of age, memory impairment, myoclonic jerks, expressive dysphagia, short-stepped gait, personality changes and lobar intracerebral hemorrhages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017947 biolink:NamedThing ABeta amyloidosis, Italian type Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA), Italian type is a form of HCHWA characterized by an age of onset of 50 years of age, dementia and lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017948 biolink:NamedThing ABetaA21G amyloidosis Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA), Flemish type is a form of HCHWA characterized by an age of onset of 45 years of age, progressive Alzheimer's disease-like dementia and lobar intracerebral hemorrhage in some patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017949 biolink:NamedThing ABeta amyloidosis, Arctic type Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA), Arctic type is a form of HCHWA characterized by an age of onset of 54-61 years and progressive Alzheimer's disease-like dementia, without intracerebral hemorrhages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015034 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type A Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type A (LCHa) is a form of lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia that encompasses classical lissencephaly with thickened cortical gray matter with either no discernable gradient, a gradient with posterior predominance, or a gradient with anterior predominance, and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015035 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type B Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type B (LCHb) is a form of lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia characterized by subtle microcephaly, hypotonia and neurological and cognitive development delay. Hippocampal malformation is a characteristic imaging feature of LCHb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015036 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type C Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type C (LCHc) is a severe form of lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia characterized by severe microcephaly, cleft palate, and severe cerebellar and brainstem hypoplasia leading to neonatal death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015037 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type D Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type D (LCHd) is a form of lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia characterized by pronounced microcephaly (at least B1 3 SD), intellectual disability, spastic diplegia and moderate to severe cerebellar hypoplasia involving both vermis and hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015038 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type E Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type E (LCHe) is a form of lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia, characterized by an abrupt transition from agyria to gyral simplification, near the boundary between frontal and parietal cortex, microcephaly (B1 3 SD) and brainstem hypoplasia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015039 biolink:NamedThing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type F Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type F (LCHf) is a severe form of lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia, characterized by a microcephaly of at least - 3 SD and a thick cortex associated with complete absence of the corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015040 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-1 A myelodysplastic syndrome defined by 5-9% blasts in the bone marrow, and <5% blasts in the blood. Approximately 25% of cases progress to an acute leukemia. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015041 biolink:NamedThing myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-2 A myelodysplastic syndrome defined by 10-19% blasts in the bone marrow or 5-19% blasts in the blood and <10% blasts in the bone marrow. Approximately 33% of cases progress to acute leukemia. The prognosis is usually poor. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015050 biolink:NamedThing esophageal duplication cyst Esophageal duplication cyst is a rare, congenital, non-syndromic esophageal malformation, most frequently located in the distal esophagus and usually diagnosed in childhood, characterized by tubular or spherical cystic masses that have a double layer of surrounding smooth muscle lined with squamous or enteric epithelium, are continuous or contiguous to the esophagus and may, or may not, communicate with the esophageal lumen. Patients are frequently asymptomatic, or could present with a wide range of symptoms including respiratory distress, failure to thrive, dysphagia, epigastric discomfort, vomiting, stridor, non-productive cough, and chest pain. Other more rare symptoms, such as cardiac arrhythmia, thoracic back pain, cystic hemorrgage and ulceration, and mediastinitis, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015051 biolink:NamedThing tubular duplication of the esophagus Tubular duplication of the esophagous is a rare congenital malformation where a second structure with individual lumen and stratified squamous mucosa and muscularis mucosa lies within or adjacent to the true esophagus causing dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, retrosternal pain and respiratory problems (stridor and recurrent pneumonia) and usually presenting in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015053 biolink:NamedThing hereditary angioedema type 1 Hereditary angioedema type 1 (HAE 1) is a form of hereditary angioedema characterized by acute edema in subcutaneous tissues, viscera and/or the upper airway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015054 biolink:NamedThing hereditary angioedema type 2 Hereditary angioedema type 2 (HAE 2) is a form of hereditary angioedema characterized by acute edema in subcutaneous tissues, viscera and/or the upper airway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015055 biolink:NamedThing acquired angioedema type 2 Acquired angioedema type 2 (AAE2) is a type of acquired angioedema (AAE) characterized by acute edema in subcutaneous tissues, viscera and/or the upper airway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019624 biolink:NamedThing acquired angioedema Acquired angioedema (AAE) is characterized by the occurrence of transitory and recurrent subcutaneous and/or submucosal edemas resulting in swelling and/or abdominal pain due to an acquired C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015056 biolink:NamedThing acquired angioedema type 1 Acquired angioedema type 1 (AAE 1) is a type of acquired angioedema (AAE) characterized by acute edema in subcutaneous tissues, viscera and/or the upper airway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015057 biolink:NamedThing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-blocker-induced angioedema Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)-blocker induced angioedema (RAE) is a type of acquired angioedema (AAE) characterized by acute edema in subcutaneous tissues, viscera and/or the upper airway. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033948 biolink:NamedThing acquired angioedema with C1Inh deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034556 biolink:NamedThing vibratory angioedema Vibratory angioedema is a rare, inherited or sporadic, urticaria characterized by localized, typically long-lasting (hours to days), initially pruritic, painful, normocutaneous or erythematous, mucosal and/or cutaneous edema which is triggered by vibration. Laryngeal snoring-induced swelling may be life-threatening. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700010 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 3 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 3 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016923 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015061 biolink:NamedThing neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (NTOS) is a form of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) that presents with pain, paresthesias and weakness in an upper extremity and is divided into true NTOS and disputed NTOS. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018164 biolink:NamedThing arterial thoracic outlet syndrome Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome (ATOS) is a form of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) that presents as unilateral upper extremity ischemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018165 biolink:NamedThing venous thoracic outlet syndrome Venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS) is a form of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) that manifests as unilateral (rarely bilateral) arm pain and cyanosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015069 biolink:NamedThing neuroendocrine tumor of the anal canal A well differentiated, low or intermediate grade tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the anal canal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015093 biolink:NamedThing sub-cortical nodular heterotopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015094 biolink:NamedThing subependymal nodular heterotopia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015095 biolink:NamedThing Peters anomaly-cataract syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020353 biolink:NamedThing von Hippel anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015096 biolink:NamedThing familial hypofibrinogenemia Familial hypofibrinogenemia is a coagulation disorder characterized by mild bleeding symptoms following trauma or surgery due to a reduced plasma fibrinogen concentration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016638 biolink:NamedThing familial hypodysfibrinogenemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015097 biolink:NamedThing aortic valve dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015099 biolink:NamedThing unilateral hemispheric polymicrogyria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017092 biolink:NamedThing unilateral polymicrogyria Unilateral polymicrogyria is a cerebral cortical malformation characterized by unilateral excessive cortical folding and abnormal cortical layering. It comprises two sub-types depending on the areas affected: unilateral hemispheric and focal polymicrogyria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017093 biolink:NamedThing unilateral focal polymicrogyria Unilateral focal polymicrogyria (BFPP) is the mildest sub-type of polymicrogyria (PMG), a cerebral cortical malformation characterized by excessive cortical folding and abnormal cortical layering, that affects only one small region of the brain and that may show no neurologic involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015100 biolink:NamedThing aregenerative anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015101 biolink:NamedThing Marin-Amat syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020362 biolink:NamedThing inverse Marcus-Gunn phenomenon Inverse Marcus-Gunn phenomenon is a rare congenital synkinesis where jaw opening by the pterygoid muscle (during eating or yawning) causes eyelid drooping from inhibition of the oculomotor nerve to the levator palpebrae superioris. Familial occurrence has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015103 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary valve agenesis-tetralogy of fallot-absence of ductus arteriosus syndrome Pulmonary valve agenesis-tetralogy of Fallot-absence of ductus arteriosus syndrome is a rare congenital heart malformation characterized by a tetralogy of Fallot (pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect and right ventricular hypertrophy), complete absence or rudimentary pulmonary valve that is both stenotic and regurgitant and an absence of the ductus arteriosus. It presents prenatally with cardiomegaly, polyhydramnios, fetal heart failure, hydrops fetalis and fetal demise or postnatally with cyanosis and respiratory failure due to bronchomalacia secondary to bronchial compression from dilated pulmonary arteries. It is frequently associated with 22q11 deletion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020389 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary valve agenesis-ventricular septal defect-persistent ductus arteriosus syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043370 biolink:NamedThing secondary adrenal insufficiency A hormonal disorder that occurs when lack of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion from the hypothalamus or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from the pituitary is responsible for hypofunction of the adrenal cortex. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035432 biolink:NamedThing POMGNT2-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R24 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035433 biolink:NamedThing calpain-3-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy D4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015158 biolink:NamedThing unexplained periodic fever syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015164 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to alkylating agent Acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to alkylating agent is a subgroup of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), associated with a treatment of an unrelated neoplastic or autoimmune disease with cytotoxic agents, like cyclophosphamid, platins, melphalan and others. The neoplastic cells typically harbor unbalanced aberrations of chromosomes 5 and 7 (monosomy 5/del(5q) and monosomy 7/del(7q)) or a complex karyotype. It usually presents with multilineage dysplasia and cytopenias 5-10 years after exposure, with symptoms related to the degree of bone marrow failure and the corresponding cytopenia (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015165 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to topoisomerase type 2 inhibitor Acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to topoisomerase type 2 inhibitor represent a subgroup of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), associated with treatment of an unrelated neoplastic disease with cytotoxic agents, like etoposid, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and others. The neoplastic cells often show rearrangements involving the mixed lineage leukemia gene at 11q23. This subgroup of t-MN is typically associated with overt leukemia, without preceding myelodysplastic syndrome, developing 2-3 years after exposure, presenting with non-specific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoesis (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain) and/or extramedullary site involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015608 biolink:NamedThing acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to radiation Acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to radiation represent a subgroup of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), associated with treatment of an unrelated neoplastic disease with radiation. The neoplastic cells typically harbor unbalanced aberrations of chromosomes 5 and 7 (monosomy 5/del(5q) and monosomy 7/del(7q)) or a complex karyotype. Patients frequently present with multilineage dysplasia and cytopenias 5-10 years after exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044629 biolink:NamedThing congenital amyoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016544 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related mesenteritis Sclerosing mesenteritis (SM) is a rare pathological disease causing inflammation of the adipose tissue of the small bowel mesentery and is commonly associated with abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, bloating and loss of appetite. The two subforms include mesenteric panniculitis (where inflammation and fatty necrosis are dominant features) and retractile mesenteritis (where fibrosis and retraction dominate). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018672 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related aortitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018674 biolink:NamedThing IgG4-related submandibular gland disease A chronic fibrotic inflammatory process affecting the salivary gland. Signs and symptoms include firm and painful swelling of the salivary gland, often associated with the presence of salivary gland stones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018676 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020293 biolink:NamedThing ascending aorta anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018082 biolink:NamedThing aorto-ventricular tunnel Aorto-ventricular tunnel is a congenital, extracardiac channel which connects the ascending aorta above the sinotubular junction to the cavity of the left, or (less commonly) right ventricle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019821 biolink:NamedThing aneurysm or dilatation of ascending aorta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019998 biolink:NamedThing gastroduodenal malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019999 biolink:NamedThing intestinal malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100501 biolink:NamedThing body-stalk anomaly A very rare anomaly (1 in 14,000 to 42,000 pregnancies; 1 in 7500 fetuses from 10 to 14 weeks of gestation) characterized by a complex anomaly of the anterior abdominal wall, severe kyphoscoliosis, rudimentary umbilical cord, and anatomical defects of the pelvis and lower limbs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700085 biolink:NamedThing pentasomy A chromosomal disorder consisting of the presence of three chromosomes of the same type in addition to the normal diploid number. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017864 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary veins atresia or stenosis Congenital pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis or atresia is a rare progressive life-threatening great vessels anomaly characterized by narrowing and obstruction of one or more normally positioned PV at their junction with the left atrium, that usually presents during early infancy with dyspnea, tachypnea, and repeated pulmonary infections, and eventually, when all PV of one lung are affected, results in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and consecutive pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It may manifest as an isolated lesion or associated with other cardiac defects such as congenital pulmonary venous return anomaly and septal defects. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019822 biolink:NamedThing arterial duct anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019938 biolink:NamedThing anorectal malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015734 biolink:NamedThing rectal duplication Rectal duplication is a rare congenital anorectal malformation characterized by an egg-like, cystic, mucus-filled mass, composed of intestinal mucosal lining and smooth muscle tissue. Commonly they present in childhood with symptoms of recurrent urinary tract infections, gastroenteritis, obstruction, perianal sepsis and rectal bleeding. Drainage of mucus or pus from the anus is also a typical presenting sign. The majority are found in the retro-rectal space where they communicate with, or are contiguous to, the rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035782 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic anorectal malformation with rectourethral fistula, bulbar type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035783 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic anorectal malformation with rectourethral fistula, prostatic type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100123 biolink:NamedThing toxic bronchiolitis Bronchiolitis as a response to a toxic exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100286 biolink:NamedThing respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis Bronciolitis caused by infection with respiratory syncytial virus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800119 biolink:NamedThing postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans An irreversible obstructive lung disease characterized by subepithelial inflammation and fibrotic narrowing of the bronchioles after lower respiratory tract infection during childhood, especially early childhood. Although diagnosis of PIBO should be confirmed by histopathology, it is generally based on history and clinical findings. Irreversible airway obstruction is demonstrated by decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second with an absent bronchodilator response, and by mosaic perfusion, air trapping, and/or bronchiectasis on computed tomography images. However, lung function tests using spirometry are not feasible in young children, and most cases of PIBO develop during early childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800120 biolink:NamedThing Mac-Leod-Swyer-James-Syndrome A rare lung condidtion characterized by often predominantly unilateral lung hyperlucency and air trapping. The condition is a post-infectious form of bronchiolitis obliterans and typically follows a viral respiratory infection in infancy and childhood. Adenovirus infection is considered the most usual epidemiology. In SJS, the involved lung or portion of the lung does not grow normally and is slightly smaller than the opposite lung: in particular, peripheral branches of the pulmonary vessels do not develop, and vasculature is arreseted at the stage at which the infection occurred. Patients respond well to management with bronchodilators, even though this is not primarily a bronchial abnormality. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015270 biolink:NamedThing butyrylcholinesterase deficiency Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) deficiency is a metabolic disorder characterised by prolonged apnoea after the use of certain anaesthetic drugs, including the muscle relaxants succinylcholine or mivacurium and other ester local anaesthetics. The duration of the prolonged apnoea varies significantly depending on the extent of the enzyme deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019253 biolink:NamedThing metabolic disease involving other neurotransmitter deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018942 biolink:NamedThing macrophagic myofasciitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024321 biolink:NamedThing disorder of GPI anchor biosynthesis A disease that has its basis in the disruption of GPI anchor biosynthetic process. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015291 biolink:NamedThing stromal keratitis Herpes simplex (HSV) stromal keratitis is an infectious ocular disease of either necrotizing or non-necrotizing form, due to an HSV infection, and characterized by corneal stromal necrosis, inflammation, ulceration and infiltration by leukocytes. Corneal perforation and blindness can also occur in severe cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015292 biolink:NamedThing endotheliitis An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the endothelium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018588 biolink:NamedThing ALECT2 amyloidosis A rare, systemic amyloidosis characterized by slowly progressive renal disease presenting with proteinuria, hypertension and decreased glomerular filtration rate leading to progressive renal failure. Histology reveals amyloid deposits of leukocyte chemotactic factor-2 protein in the renal cortical interstitium, tubular basement membranes, glomeruli and the vessel walls. Extra-renal deposits can be seen in the liver, lungs, spleen and adrenal glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018590 biolink:NamedThing ABeta2M amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022444 biolink:NamedThing amyloidosis bronchopulmonary Amyloidosis with tracheobronchial deposits in diffuse plaques that can cause stenosis or parenchymal nodules or masses. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015312 biolink:NamedThing choanal atresia, unilateral Unilateral choanal atresia is a, usually sporadic, congenital anomaly that is more commonly seen in females than in males (2:1), where the nose is blocked by bony or soft tissue formed during embryologic development on only one side (more commonly on the right side) and which is characterized by nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea, usually presenting at birth but that may go undetected until a respiratory infection aggravates the condition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015313 biolink:NamedThing choanal atresia, bilateral Bilateral choanal atresia is a congenital anomaly that is usually sporadic (but some familial cases have been reported), is more commonly seen in females than in males (2:1), and where the nose is blocked on both sides by bony or soft tissue formed during embryological development. It is characterized by respiratory distress relieved by crying and rhinorrhea that presents at birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017395 biolink:NamedThing fixed pigmented erythema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019810 biolink:NamedThing toxic epidermal necrolysis Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is an acute and severe skin disease with clinical and histological features characterized by the destruction and detachment of the skin epithelium and mucous membranes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044719 biolink:NamedThing erythema multiforme major A severe, sometimes life-threatening, form of erythema multiforme. It is considered to be a hypersensitivity skin reaction triggered by a variety of stimuli, including infections and medication. It is characterized by raised, edematous papules in the extremities; involvement of one or more mucous membranes; and epidermal detachment involving less than ten percent of the total body surface area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021553 biolink:NamedThing transverse myelitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015343 biolink:NamedThing secondary acute transverse myelitis Secondary acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is characterized by focal inflammation within the spinal cord due to a known cause, usually an inflammatory disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035666 biolink:NamedThing acute transverse myelitis with anti-MOG antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015357 biolink:NamedThing secondary hypoparathyroidism due to impaired parathormon secretion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018507 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly-complex motor and sensory axonal neuropathy syndrome Microcephaly-complex motor and sensory axonal neuropathy syndrome is an extremely rare subtype of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by severe, rapidly-progressing, distal, symmetric polyneuropathy and microcephaly (which can be evident in utero) with intact cognition. Clinically it presents with delayed motor development, hypotonia, absent or reduced deep tendon reflexes, progressive muscle wasting and weakness and scoliosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019549 biolink:NamedThing severe early-onset axonal neuropathy due to MFN2 deficiency A rare axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by early onset (<10 years) progressive distal muscle weakness and wasting of the lower limbs and later, to a lesser extent the upper limbs resulting in foot and wrist drop, areflexia, skeletal deformities (kyphoscoliosis, pes cavus with flattening, joint contractures), mild sensory impairment with vibration sense reduced to a greater extent than pain, optic atrophy and hearing loss. Wheelchair dependence by adolescence is usual and respiratory impairment with diaphragmatic paralysis may develop. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019550 biolink:NamedThing hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with acrodystrophy A rare axonal hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by progressive axonal neuropathy with limb weakness and severe distal sensory loss in all limbs and acrodystrophic changes leading to painless non-healing ulcers, osteomyelitis, contractures and mutilating lesions with loss of terminal phalanges. One family with three affected siblings is described and there have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1999. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060585 biolink:NamedThing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016734 biolink:NamedThing anaplastic ganglioglioma A WHO grade III neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells and anaplastic glial cells. The anaplastic changes in the glial component and high MIB-1 and TP53 labeling indices may indicate aggressive behavior. However, the correlation of histological anaplasia with clinical outcome is inconsistent. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016057 biolink:NamedThing isolated encephalocele Brain tissue herniation through a congenital or acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions. Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor deficits frequently occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016020 biolink:NamedThing frontal encephalocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017080 biolink:NamedThing occipital encephalocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017081 biolink:NamedThing parietal encephalocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017082 biolink:NamedThing basal encephalocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015400 biolink:NamedThing frontonasal arteriovenous malformation Frontonasal arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by abnormal communication between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary bed, located in the frontonasal area. It may present with intermittent nasal bleeding, blurred vision, pustule formation and/or disfigurement. Overlying skin may be of normal appearance or may manifest a red, pulsatile mass with local rise of temperature. Other features may include pain, ulceration, excessive growth and/or congestive heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015401 biolink:NamedThing maxillary arteriovenous malformation Maxillary arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by an abnormal connection of the arterial and venous vasculature, without capillary connections, in the maxillofacial area, usually presenting with chronic, intermittent, and potentially life-threatening, hemorrhage. Association with infection, pain, pressure, pulsation, swelling, facial asymmetry, headache, ocular pain, tinnitus, otalgia, epistaxis, toothache and/or teeth mobility and compressibility into their sockets is possible, although it may also be asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015402 biolink:NamedThing mandibular arteriovenous malformation Mandibular arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by an abnormal connection of the arterial and venous vasculature, without capillary connections, in the mandibular area, commonly presenting with minor gingival bleeding, dental loosening, lower lip numbness, facial deformity and malocclusion. This usually high-flow vascular malformation may also present with potentially life-threatening, spontaneous, or tooth extraction-induced, hemorrhagic shock. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015403 biolink:NamedThing non-involuting congenital hemangioma Non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH) is a rare type of infantile hemangioma, which is a tumor that forms from the abnormal growth of blood vessels in the skin. NICH looks like an oval,purplish mark or bump that can occur on any part of the body. NICH is present from birth (congenital) and increases in size as the child grows. Unlike other hemangiomas, NICH do not disappear spontaneously (involute). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015404 biolink:NamedThing rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma Rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICH) are a distinctive type of congenital hemangioma that are fully formed in utero and differ from non-involuting congenital haemangiomas (NICH) mainly because they undergo rapid postnatal involution. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018716 biolink:NamedThing partially involuting congenital hemangioma A clinical subtype of congenital hemangioma that begins as a rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) but fails to completely involute and persists as a non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH)-like lesion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015406 biolink:NamedThing cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015407 biolink:NamedThing cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015478 biolink:NamedThing paramedian facial cleft DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015414 biolink:NamedThing paramedian nasal cleft Paramedian nasal cleft is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by a unilateral or bilateral coloboma of the nose, ranging in severity from a small notch, resulting in minor deviation of the nasal septum, to variable-sized clefts of the nasal ala which may be associated with small cysts or sinuses in the nasal midline. Defect may be isolated or may occur in association with cleft lip and/or other craniofacial anomalies (e.g. hypertelorism, broadening of nasal root, midline cleft). Dorsum and apex of nose are usually well preserved. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022729 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia punctata with steroid sulfatase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023472 biolink:NamedThing chondrodysplasia situs inversus imperforate anus polydactyly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700008 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 1 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016921 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043085 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 1, uniparental disomy 1q12 q21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700017 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 10 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 10 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016931 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700019 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 12 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 12 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042968 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020583 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 17 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 17 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016935 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700024 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 19 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 19 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016937 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700025 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 20 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 20 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016938 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy of chromosome 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700026 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 22 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 22 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019891 biolink:NamedThing monosomy 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700011 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 4 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 4 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016924 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700013 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 6 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 6 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016927 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700014 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 7 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 7 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016928 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700015 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 8 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 8 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016929 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019876 biolink:NamedThing 8p inverted duplication/deletion syndrome 8p inverted duplication/deletion [invdupdel(8p)] syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized clinically by mild to severe intellectual deficit, severe developmental delay (psychomotor and speech development), hypotonia with tendency to develop progressive hypertonia and severe orthopedic problems over time, minor facial anomalies and agenesis of the corpus callosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700035 biolink:NamedThing monosomy chromosome 8 A chromosomal disorder consisting of the absence of one chromosome 8. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015446 biolink:NamedThing atypical coarctation of aorta Middle aortic coarctation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by the segmental narrowing of the abdominal and/or distal descending thoracic aorta with varying involvement of the visceral and renal arteries that commonly presents in children and young adults with early onset and refractory hypertension, abdominal angina, lower-limb claudication and that can lead to life-threatening complications associated with severe hypertension (i.e. myocardial infarction, heart failure, aortic rupture, renal insufficiency and intracranial hemorrhage). It may be due to various congenital or acquired causes, but it is most often secondary to an acquired inflammatory disease (i.e. Takayasu arteritis or giant cell arteritis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017344 biolink:NamedThing Epstein-Barr virus-associated carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017348 biolink:NamedThing lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma Lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma is a rare, malignant epithelial tumor, composed of undifferentiated epithelial cells with dense lymphoid stroma, mimicking lymphoepithelioma. It often shows association with Epstein-Barr virus infection and can develop in various organs, such as the nasopharynx, stomach, skin, breast and lungs, among others. The presenting symptoms, as well as the radiologic features, are usually nonspecific and depend on the affected site and organ. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015471 biolink:NamedThing benign focal seizures of adolescence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800125 biolink:NamedThing disseminated visceral giant cell angiitis A necrotizing vasculitis characterized by widespread small-vessel giant cell angitis and extravascular granulomas. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015516 biolink:NamedThing symbrachydactyly of hands and feet Symbrachydactyly of hands and feet is a rare, non-syndromic limb reduction defect disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral brachydactyly, cutaneous syndactyly and global hypoplasia of the hand and/or foot, with underlying muscles, tendons, ligaments and bones being affected but without other associated limb anomalies. Patients typically present short, stiff, webbed or missing fingers and/or toes which are often replaced with small stumps (nubbins) with residual nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017451 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic brachydactyly of fingers A non-syndromic brachydactyly that involves the manus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017452 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic brachydactyly of toes A non-syndromic brachydactyly that involves the pes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015520 biolink:NamedThing late infantile CACH syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015521 biolink:NamedThing juvenile or adult CACH syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020507 biolink:NamedThing Cree leukoencephalopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018712 biolink:NamedThing composite hemangioendothelioma An intermediate, locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of spindle, plump, and epithelioid endothelial cells and cellular atypia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018713 biolink:NamedThing retiform hemangioendothelioma An intermediate, locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of hobnail endothelial cells and formation of arborizing vascular channels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018714 biolink:NamedThing primary intralymphatic angioendothelioma An intermediate, rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of lymphatic-like vascular channels and papillary endothelial proliferation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015529 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal Hemicrania Paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) is a primary headache disorder characterized by multiple attacks of unilateral pain that occur in association with cranial autonomic symptoms. The hallmarks of this syndrome are the relative shortness of the attacks and the complete response to indomethacin therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018615 biolink:NamedThing hemicrania continua Hemicrania continua (HC) is a type of primary headache disorder, which means the headache is not caused by another medical condition. Symptoms of HC include constant mild to moderate pain on one side of the head (unilateral) with periods of more intense, severe, migraine -like pain (exacerbations). These severe pain periods can last from 20 minutes to days. The frequency of exacerbations also varies greatly. The headache stays on the same side of the head and usually without pain free periods. HC is more common in women and most often starts in adulthood, but may begin anywhere from 5 to 67 years of age. Diagnosis of hemicrania continua (HC) is made by ruling out other possible causes of the pain and by clinical symptoms. During the periods of severe pain, at least one of the following symptoms must be present on same side of the body as the headache: watering or red eyes (conjunctival injection), congested or runny nose, or drooping eyelid. In addition, the headache pain must respond to treatment with indomethacin. The cause of HC is unknown. Other treatments for those who cannot tolerate long term indomethacin therapy are being studied. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015542 biolink:NamedThing secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to infections, autoimmune disorders, or underlying malignancies. Signs and symptoms include fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015544 biolink:NamedThing acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with malignant disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015545 biolink:NamedThing macrophage activation syndrome A complication of rheumatic disease that is caused by excessive activation and uncontrolled proliferation of T lymphocytes and well-differentiated macrophages. It is characterized by fever, pancytopenia, liver insufficiency, coagulopathy and neurologic symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015554 biolink:NamedThing typical urticaria pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019316 biolink:NamedThing maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis Maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis (MCM) is a form of cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) characterized by the presence of multiple hyperpigmented macules, papules or nodules associated with abnormal accumulation of mast cells in the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015555 biolink:NamedThing plaque-form urticaria pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015556 biolink:NamedThing nodular urticaria pigmentosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019576 biolink:NamedThing telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015557 biolink:NamedThing Smouldering systemic mastocytosis Smouldering systemic mastocytosis is a type of systemic mastocytosis (SM). This clonal hematologic disease, with a slow progression, results in an accumulation of neoplastic mast cells in the visceral organs over time and patients present with splenomegaly, hypercellular marrow and, in some cases, urticaria pigmentosa-like skin lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020331 biolink:NamedThing indolent systemic mastocytosis Indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) is a benign form of systemic mastocytosis (SM) characterized by an abnormal proliferation of mast cells either only in bone marrow or in numerous tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015558 biolink:NamedThing isolated bone marrow mastocytosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015559 biolink:NamedThing lymphoadenopathic mastocytosis with eosinophilia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020333 biolink:NamedThing aggressive systemic mastocytosis Aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM) is a severe and rare form of systemic mastocytosis (SM) characterized by considerable infiltration of mast cells in different tissues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015570 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital auditory ossicle malformation Isolated congenital auditory ossicle malformation is a rare, congential, middle ear anomaly characterized by, usually unilateral and sporadic, variations in the number, size and/or configuration of the ossicles, with no tympanic membrane and external ear abnormalities and no history of trauma or infection. Patients frequently present late, after schooling has started, with non- progressive, conductive hearing loss often associated with speech delay and poor school performance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044709 biolink:NamedThing cochleovestibular dysplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015574 biolink:NamedThing chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE) is a form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) that includes five different forms: discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), chilblain lupus, hypertrophic or verrucous lupus erythematosus, lupus erythematosus tumidus, and lupus erythematosus panniculitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041186 biolink:NamedThing Rowell syndrome A form of lupus erythematosus (discoid or systemic) with annular lesions of the skin like erythema multiforme associated with a characteristic pattern of immunological abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015594 biolink:NamedThing non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850097 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune limbic encephalitis A rare autoimmune encephalitis involving the mesial temporal lobes and clinically characterized by subacute onset (i. e. rapid progression of less than three months) of short-term memory deficits, seizures or psychiatric symptoms, such as behavioral changes, anxiety, depression, and psychosis. Further diagnostic criteria are bilateral abnormalities restricted to the mesial temporal lobes in brain MRI, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and/or epileptic or slow-wave activity involving the temporal lobes in EEG, and reasonable exclusion of alternative causes. Paraneoplastic or non-paraneoplastic antibodies against neuronal antigens may be found in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015590 biolink:NamedThing classic paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis Classic paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis is a rare neuroimmunological disorder characterized by the sudden onset of seizures, progressive memory impairment (which may develop into dementia) and psychiatric manifestations (e.g. depression, personality changes, loss of social inhibition) associated with cancer (most commonly small-cell carcinoma of the lung) in the absence of tumor cell invasion of the nervous system. Other reported features include ataxia, dystonia, paresthesia, tremors, paranoid ideation, and hallucinations. The presence of antibodies that act on neuronal antigens (such as anti-Hu, anti-Ma2, anti-amphiphysin) are typically observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015591 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis associated with antibodies to cell membrane antigens DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016317 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis with NMDA receptor antibodies Limbic encephalitis with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibodies is a recently described type of encephalitis affecting young women with teratoma of ovary and associated with antibodies that react with neuronal cell surface auto-antigens. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015593 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis with nCMAgs antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015595 biolink:NamedThing posttransplant acute limbic encephalitis Posttransplant acute limbic encephalitis is a rare, acquired, non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis disorder, that develops in the setting of treatment-related immunosuppression, typically after allogeneic hemapoietic stem cell transplantation, characterized by onset of confusion, headache, anterograde amnesia, seizures and/or loss of consciousness 2-6 weeks following transplantation. Bilateral, non-enhancing T2 hyperintensities in limbic structures are observed on magnetic resonance imaging. Mild cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015596 biolink:NamedThing non-herpetic acute limbic encephalitis Non-herpetic acute limbic encephalitis is a rare neuroinflammatory/neuroautoimmune disease characterized by an acute (or subacute) onset of disturbance of consciousness (occasionally presenting as convulsions) and high fever, associated with cerebral lesions (on magnetic resonance imaging) that are restricted to the limbic system (particularly the hippocampi and amygdalae), in the absence of viral, bacterial, fungal, paraneoplastic and other disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017179 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis with caspr2 antibodies Limbic encephalitis with caspr2 antibodies is a rare neuroimmunological disorder characterized by the onset of cognitive deficits, psychiatric disturbances (e.g. personality changes), seizures, peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, dysautonomia, neuropathic pain, insomnia and weight loss, in association with detection of caspr2 antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid, with or without underlying malignancies. Other features reported include blepharoclonus, myoclonic status epilepticus, and dyskinesia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018003 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis with DPP6 antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044683 biolink:NamedThing limbic encephalitis with neurexin-3 antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016019 biolink:NamedThing Rasmussen subacute encephalitis A rare, progressive chronic inflammation of a single cerebral hemisphere that usually affects children. It is characterized by severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech, hemiparesis, and dementia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700028 biolink:NamedThing chromosome Y disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome Y is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019935 biolink:NamedThing isochromosome Y DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019137 biolink:NamedThing non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome Non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder (non-24 disorder), also known as hypernychthemeral syndrome, is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterized by non-synchronization to a 24-hour day leading to insomnia and daytime sleepiness with sometimes severe associated manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024363 biolink:NamedThing rapid eye movement sleep disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024377 biolink:NamedThing circadian rhythm sleep disorder, delayed sleep phase type A circadian sleep disorder in which the individual's internal body clock is delayed with respect to the external day/night cycle. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024378 biolink:NamedThing circadian rhythm sleep disorder, advanced sleep phase type A circadian sleep disorder characterized by bedtime and wake-up time much earlier than normal, although sleep quality is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024379 biolink:NamedThing circadian rhythm sleep disorder, irregular sleep wake type A circadian sleep disorder characterized by at least three sleep episodes per 24-hour period, irregularly from day to day. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024381 biolink:NamedThing circadian rhythm sleep disorder, jet lag type A circadian sleep disorder that results from travelling across time zones. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024382 biolink:NamedThing circadian rhythm sleep disorder, shift work type A circadian sleep disorder that occurs when work schedules force people to be awake when their circadian rhythms dictate that they should be sleeping. It is classified as a Circadian Rhythm Disorder (CRD) and is extrinsic, i.e. caused by external behavioral factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015619 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation A urogenital tract malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015622 biolink:NamedThing wound myiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018857 biolink:NamedThing creeping myiasis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018941 biolink:NamedThing furuncular myiasis Furuncular myiasis in humans is caused by two species: the Cayor worm (larvae of the African tumbu fly Cordylobia anthropophaga) and the larvae of the human botfly (Dermatobia hominis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015625 biolink:NamedThing diazoxide-resistant diffuse hyperinsulinism Diazoxide-resistant diffuse hyperinsulism (DRDH) is a form of Diazoxide resistant hyperinsulinism characterized by recurrent episodes of profound hypoglycemia caused by an excessive/ uncontrolled insulin secretion (inappropriate for the level of glycemia) due to diffuse involvement of pancreas that is unresponsive to medical treatment with diazoxide, often necessitating near total/total pancreatectomy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019265 biolink:NamedThing diazoxide-resistant focal hyperinsulinism Diazoxide-resistant focal hyperinsulism (DRFH) is a form of diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulinism characterized by recurrent episodes of profound hypoglycemia caused by an excessive/ uncontrolled insulin secretion (inappropriate for the level of glycemia) due to a focal adenomatous hyperplasia of pancreas, that is unresponsive to medical treatment with diazoxide, necessitating complete excision of the focal lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015628 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease type 2A Type 2A von Willebrand disease (type 2A VWD) is a subtype of type 2 VWD characterized by a bleeding disorder associated with a decrease in the affinity of the Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF) for platelets and the subendothelium caused by a deficiency of high molecular weight VWF multimers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015629 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease type 2B A subtype of type 2 VWD characterized by a bleeding disorder associated with an increase in the affinity of the Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF) for platelets. This anomaly results in spontaneous binding of high molecular weight VWF multimers to platelets leading to rapid clearance of both the platelets (increasing the risk of thrombocytopenia) and the high molecular weight VWF multimers from the plasma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015630 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease type 2M A subtype of type 2 VWD characterized by a bleeding disorder associated with a decrease in the affinity of the Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF) for platelets and the subendothelium in the absence of any deficiency of high molecular weight VWF multimers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015631 biolink:NamedThing von Willebrand disease type 2N Type 2N von Willebrand disease (type 2N VWD) is a subtype of type 2 VWD characterized by a bleeding disorder associated with a marked decrease in the affinity of the Willebrand factor (von Willebrand factor; VWF) for factor VIII (FVIII). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015995 biolink:NamedThing melorheostosis with osteopoikilosis Melorheostosis with osteopoikilosis is a rare sclerosing bone dysplasia, combining the clinical and radiological features of melorheostosis and osteopoikilosis, that has been reported in some families with osteopoikilosis and that is characterized by a variable presentation of limb pain and deformities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015638 biolink:NamedThing benign partial epilepsy of infancy with complex partial seizures Benign partial epilepsy of infancy with complex partial seizures is a rare infantile epilepsy syndrome characterized by complex partial seizures presenting with motion arrest, decreased responsiveness, staring, automatisms and mild clonic movements, with or without apneas, normal interictal EEG and focal, mostly temporal discharges in ictal EEG. Most often, seizures occur in clusters and have a good response to treatment. Psychomotor development is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015639 biolink:NamedThing benign partial epilepsy with secondarily generalized seizures in infancy Benign partial epilepsy with secondarily generalized seizures in infancy is a rare infantile epilepsy syndrome characterized by seizures presenting with motion arrest and staring. They are followed by generalized tonic-clonic convulsions with normal interictal EEG and focal paroxysmal discharges, followed by generalization in ictal EEG. Seizures usually occur in clusters and are responsive to treatment. Psychomotor development is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015665 biolink:NamedThing scleromyxedema Scleromyxedema is a rare, severe skin disorder. Signs and symptoms include abnormal accumulation of mucin in the skin (mucinosis), causing papular and sclerodermoid bumps; increased production of fibroblasts (connective tissue cells) in the absence of a thyroid disorder; and monoclonal gammopathy (abnormal proteins in the blood). It often involves internal organs and may affect various body systems. The cause of scleromyxedema is not known. There is no standard treatment. Management may involve the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), plasmapheresis, thalidomide and corticoids, or more aggressive interventions, such as autologous bone marrow transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019446 biolink:NamedThing localized lichen myxedematosus Localized lichen myxedematosus is a group of skin diseases characterized by the development of papules, nodules and/or plaques with mucin deposits and a variable degree of fibrosis in the absence of thyroid disease. The group comprises five sub-forms: nodular lichen myxedematosus, discrete papular lichen myxedematosus, papular mucinosis of infancy, acral persistent papular mucinosis and self-healing papular mucinosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019447 biolink:NamedThing atypical lichen myxedematosus Atypical lichen myxedematosus is an intermediate form of lichen myxedematosus (LM) (a form of mucin dermal deposit) which does not meet the criteria for either scleromyxedema or the localized form. Three clinical subtypes have been described and include scleromyxedema without monoclonal gammopathy; localized forms with monoclonal gammopathy and/or systemic symptoms; localized forms with mixed features of the 5 subtypes of localized LM (discrete form, acral persistent papular mucinosis, self-healing papular mucinosis, papular mucinosis of infancy, and a pure nodular form). The course of atypical LM is unpredictable because only a few cases have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017617 biolink:NamedThing acquired adult-onset immunodeficiency A acquired immunodeficiency that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015698 biolink:NamedThing transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy A rare, primary humoral immunodeficiency of childhood characterized by decreasing serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) as maternal antibodies clear the circulation while serum levels of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M remain normal or are slightly decreased. Diagnosis may be suspected after the age of six months when a child's own synthesis of IgG should accelerate but it must be confirmed retrospectively after normalization of all serum immunoglobulin levels is seen by ages 2-6. This disorder may be caused by inadequate activation of progenitor B cells, defective class-switching or may even represent a maturational variant. Typically, a normal response to protein antigens is found while there is a notably diminished response to viral and bacterial polysaccharide antigens. Clinical presentation may include recurrent infections especially those of the respiratory tract. Despite increased susceptibility to infection in childhood, this disorder is self-limited with minimal implications for a normal life span. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015715 biolink:NamedThing severe hemophilia B Severe hemophilia B is a form of hemophilia B characterized by a large deficiency of factor IX leading to frequent spontaneous hemorrhage and abnormal bleeding as a result of minor injuries, or following surgery or tooth extraction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015716 biolink:NamedThing moderately severe hemophilia B Moderately severe hemophilia B is a form of hemophilia B characterized by factor IX deficiency leading to abnormal bleeding as a result of minor injuries, or following surgery or tooth extraction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015717 biolink:NamedThing mild hemophilia B Mild hemophilia B is a form of hemophilia B characterized by a small deficiency of factor IX leading to abnormal bleeding as a result of minor injuries, or following surgery or tooth extraction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015788 biolink:NamedThing symptomatic form of hemophilia B in female carriers A form of hemophilia B (see this term) that manifests in some women with mutations in the F9 gene (Xq28), encoding coagulation factor IX. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015724 biolink:NamedThing non-distal trisomy 13q Non-distal trisomy 13q is a rare chromosomal anomaly disorder, resulting from the partial duplication of the proximal long arm of chromosome 13, with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by increased polymorphonuclear leucocyte projections and persistence of fetal hemoglobin, as well as growth and developmental delay and craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, depressed nasal bridge, stubby nose, low-set, malformed ears, cleft lip/palate, micrognathia). Strabismus, clinodactyly and undescended testes in males may also be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022177 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 13q trisomy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019886 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 13q Distal trisomy 13q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 13, with variable phenotype principally characterized by intellectual disability, psychomotor delay, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, bushy eyebrows, long curled eyelashes, hypotelorism, low-set ears, prominent nasal bridge, long philtrum, high palate, thin upper lip), short neck, polydactyly, and hemangiomas. Cardiac, urogenital and neural tube defects, as well as umbilical and inguinal hernias, seizures and hypotonia, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700022 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 15 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 15 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015729 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 16 Mosaic trisomy 16 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with a highly variable phenotype ranging from minor anomalies with normal development to intrauterine growth retardation, abnormal skin pigmentation, craniofacial and body asymmetry, cardiac (e.g. ventricular septal defect) and genital (e.g. hypospadias, cryptorchidism) anomalies, scoliosis and hearing loss to neonatal death. Additional features observed include skeletal malformations (e.g. clino/polydactyly, talipes), mild facial dysmorphism, and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016193 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of alpha-actin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016194 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of nebulin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017303 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of tropomyosin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015741 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 18q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016968 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015742 biolink:NamedThing periventricular leukomalacia Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a brain injury disorder characterized by the death of the white matter of the brain due to softening of the brain tissue. It can affect fetuses or newborns, and premature babies are at the greatest risk of the disorder. PVL is caused by a lack of oxygen or blood flow to thearea around the ventricles of the brain, which results in the death of brain tissue. Although babies with PVL generally have no apparent signs or symptoms of the disorder at delivery, they are at risk for motor disorders, cerebral palsy, delayed mental development, coordination problems, and vision and hearing impairments. There is no cure for PVL. Treatment is generally supportive. Prognosis is dependent on the extent of damage to the ventricles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015744 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 19q Distal trisomy 19q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome characterized by low birth weight, developmental delay, intellectual disability, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. microcephaly, midface hypoplasia, hypertelorism, flat nasal bridge, ear anomalies, short philtrum, downturned corners of the mouth, micrognathia) and a short neck with redundant skin folds. Additional features may include hypotonia, skeletal anomalies (e.g. clino/camptodactyly), seizures and congenital cardiac, urogenital and gastrointestinal malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016969 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018355 biolink:NamedThing SIM1-related Prader-Willi-like syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015761 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 10p Trisomy 10p is a syndrome of mental retardation/multiple congenital malformations (MR-MCA) that is caused by the total or partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 10. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016947 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700009 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 2 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 2 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016922 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015764 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 20 Mosaic trisomy 20 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome with a highly variable phenotype ranging from normal (in the majority of cases) to a mild, subtle phenotype principally characterized by spinal abnormalities (i.e. stenosis, vertebral fusion, and kyphosis), hypotonia, lifelong constipation, sloped shoulders, skin pigmentation abnormalities (i.e. linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis) and significant learning disabilities despite normal intelligence. More severe phenotypes, with patients presenting psychomotor and speech delay, mild facial dysmorphism, cardiac (i.e. ventricular septal defect, dysplastic tricuspid mitral valve) and renal anomalies (e.g. horseshoe kidneys), have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043297 biolink:NamedThing vibrio vulnificus infectious disease An disease or disorder caused by infection with Vibrio vulnificus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015767 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 4p Trisomy 4p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 4, with a highly variable phenotype, typically characterized by pre- and postnatal growth delay, psychomotor developmental delay and craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, prominent glabelle, hypertelorism, enlarged ears with abnormal helix and antihelix, bulbous nose with flat or depressed nasal bridge, long philtrum, retrognathia with pointed chin). Additional features include skeletal (rocker bottom feet, arachnodactyly, camptodactyly) and renal malformations, cardiac defects, ocular abnormalities and abnormal genitalia in males. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016941 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015769 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 6p Distal trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 6 is characterized by pre- and postnatal growth retardation, a pattern of specific facial features (mostly of the eyes), microcephaly, and developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016943 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 6 Chromosome 6p duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the short arm (p) of chromosome 6. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 6p duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. This condition can occur sporadically or be inherited from aparent who is either mildy affected (has the deletion) or carries a balanced translocation. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015772 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 8q Trisomy 8q is a very rare disorder characterized by duplication of the long arm of chromosome 8. The most commonly associated abnormalities include low birth weight, craniofacial abnormalities (prominent forehead, flat occiput, hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, ear and nose deformities, thin upper lips), congenital heart defects, skeletal defects, psychomotor retardation. Phenotypic features vary in relation to the duplication size. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016959 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016458 biolink:NamedThing 8q12 microduplication syndrome The newly described 8q12 microduplication syndrome is associated with unusual and characteristic multi-organ clinical features, which include hearing loss, congenital heart defects, intellectual disability, hypotonia in infancy, and Duane anomaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019882 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 8q Distal trisomy 8q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 8, with a highly variable phenotype, typically characterized by growth and developmental delay, intellectual disability, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, abnormal palpebral fissures, low-set, large ears, anteverted tip of nose, micro/retrognathia), congenital heart defects and skeletal and limb anomalies. Other reported features include ophthalmologic abnormalities (e.g. megalocornea), cryptorchidism, hypertrichosis, and neurologic manifestations (e.g. hypotonia, hearing loss, and seizures). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016412 biolink:NamedThing peripheral hypothyroidism Peripheral hypothyroidism is a type of permanent congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid hormone deficiency that is present from birth, that results from peripheral defects in thyroid hormone metabolism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015783 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi syndrome due to paternal deletion of 15q11q13 type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015784 biolink:NamedThing Prader-Willi syndrome due to paternal deletion of 15q11q13 type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019614 biolink:NamedThing pituitary deficiency due to Rathke's pouch cysts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019617 biolink:NamedThing pituitary deficiency due to empty sella turcica syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019844 biolink:NamedThing pituitary hormone deficiency secondary to storage disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018561 biolink:NamedThing precocious puberty in female A precocious puberty that involves the female organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015803 biolink:NamedThing wound botulism Botulism that is caused by toxin that is produced in a wound contaminated with Clostridium botulinum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016468 biolink:NamedThing toxin-mediated infectious botulism Aform of botulism (see this term), a rare acquired neuromuscular junction disease, characterized by descending flaccid paralysis caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced in vivo leading to toxin-mediated infection. Infectious botulism includes wound botulism and intestinal toxemia botulism (infant botulism and adult intestinal botulism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015805 biolink:NamedThing intestinal botulism A rare form of botulism, a rare acquired neuromuscular junction disease with descending flaccid paralysis caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), and is due to intestinal colonization by Clostridium botulinum leading to toxin-mediated infection with toxemia. The disease affects infants (infant botulism) and very rarely adults (adult intestinal botulism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015804 biolink:NamedThing infant botulism A botulism that occurs between 28 days to one year of life.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015806 biolink:NamedThing adult intestinal botulism A very rare form of botulism, a rare acquired neuromuscular junction disease with descending flaccid paralysis caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), and is due to intestinal colonization by Clostridium botulinum leading to toxin-mediated infection with toxemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015808 biolink:NamedThing folliculotropic mycosis fungoides Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides is a rare variant of mycosis fungoides (MF), a form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and is characterized by the presence of folliculotropic infiltrates in patch-plaque lesions usually involving the head and neck area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015809 biolink:NamedThing localized pagetoid reticulosis A variant of mycosis fungoides, characterized by an exclusively intraepidermal atypical (cerebriform) lymphocytic infiltrate. Patients present with a localized psoriasiform or hyperkeratotic patch or plaque, usually in the extremities. Extracutaneous dissemination of the disease has never been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018031 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous slack skin disease Granulomatous slack skin (GSS) is a variant of mycosis fungoides (MF), a form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and is characterized by the presence of circumscribed areas of pendulous lax skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015810 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium-sized pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015816 biolink:NamedThing indolent primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018897 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015811 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous aggressive epidermotropic CD8+ T-cell lymphoma Primary cutaneous aggressive epidermotropic CD8+ T-cell lymphoma is a rare form of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by rapidly progressing, localized or disseminated nodules, tumors or eczematous skin lesions. It has a particularly aggressive clinical course with a high tendency to spread, in advanced stages, to extracutaneous locations (the central nervous system, lung, testes). Lymph nodes are often spared. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015817 biolink:NamedThing aggressive primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015812 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous gamma/delta-positive T-cell lymphoma Primary cutaneous gamma/delta-positive T-cell lymphoma is a rare, usually aggressive, subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by infiltration of the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous tissue by a clonal population of mature, gamma/delta positive cytotoxic T-cells. Typically it presents with ulcerating plaques, tumors, or subcutaneous nodules on the skin of the extremities, however, frequent involvement of mucosal and extranodal sites (such as the nasal cavity, gastrointestinal tract or lungs) is also observed. Cases associated with panniculitis may present with hemophagocytic syndrome (abrupt onset of fever, rash, cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly and neurological compromise). Infiltration of lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow is uncommon and resistance to multilineage chemotherapy is reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019476 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015813 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. Many of the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. They acquire mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) type as a result of an immunologically mediated disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015814 biolink:NamedThing primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma A primary lymphoma of the skin composed of various numbers of small and large irregular neoplastic follicle center cells. Its morphologic pattern can be nodular, diffuse, or nodular and diffuse. It presents with solitary or grouped plaques and tumors, and it usually involves the scalp, forehead, or trunk. It rarely involves the legs. This type of cutaneous lymphoma tends to remain localized to the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015829 biolink:NamedThing non-syndromic uterovaginal malformation A uterovaginal malformation that is not part of a larger syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019128 biolink:NamedThing mullerian aplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015849 biolink:NamedThing longitudinal vaginal septum A rare vaginal malformation characterized by the presence of a complete or incomplete septum dividing the vagina into two parallel cavities, resulting from failure of reabsorption of the midline uterine septum between the two fused Müllerian ducts during embryogenesis. Patients are often asymptomatic, but may present with menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, infertility, or spontaneous abortion. The condition may occur as an isolated malformation or in association with other Müllerian duct anomalies (such as septate uterus or uterus didelphys) or renal abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015850 biolink:NamedThing transverse vaginal septum A rare vaginal malformation characterized by the presence of a complete or incomplete transverse septum at any level of the vagina (most frequently the upper or middle third), resulting from incomplete fusion between the Müllerian duct component and the urogenital sinus component of the vagina during embryogenesis. The condition is only rarely diagnosed in neonates or infants, unless it causes significant hydromucocolpos. Complete septa present with primary amenorrhea, cyclic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, or a pelvic mass consisting of accumulated menstrual blood, while incomplete septa may lead to dyspareunia and dysmenorrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015831 biolink:NamedThing unilateral aplasia of the mullerian ducts DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015832 biolink:NamedThing true unicornuate uterus True unicornuate uterus is a rare, non-syndromic uterovaginal malformation characterized by a crescent-shaped, small-sized uterus containing a single horn and fallopian tube with no rudimentary horn. Urinary tract anomalies are frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015833 biolink:NamedThing pseudounicornuate uterus Pseudounicornuate uterus is a rare, non-syndromic uterovaginal malformation characterized by a crescent-shaped, small-sized uterus containing a single horn and fallopian tube associated with a rudimentary second horn (which can be solid or contain a cavity with functioning endometrium and be communicating or non-communicating). Urinary tract anomalies are frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015834 biolink:NamedThing didelphys uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015842 biolink:NamedThing bicornuate uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015837 biolink:NamedThing Unicervical bicornuate uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015835 biolink:NamedThing Bicervical bicornuate uterus and blind hemivagina DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015836 biolink:NamedThing Bicervical bicornuate uterus with patent cervix and vagina DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015838 biolink:NamedThing cordiform uterus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015843 biolink:NamedThing uterine hypoplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015840 biolink:NamedThing complete septate uterus Complete septate uterus is a rare, non-syndromic uterovaginal malformation characterized by a uterus that has a longitudinal septum which elongates from the uterine fundus to the internal or external cervical os. Most often women are asymptomatic, however dysmenorrhoea, unilateral obstruction, and endometriosis could be observed. Unlike urinary tract abnormalities, which are very rarely associated, poor reproductive outcome is frequent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0015841 biolink:NamedThing partial septate uterus Partial septate uterus is a rare, non-syndromic uterovaginal malformation characterized by a uterus that has a longitudinal septum which extends from the uterine fundus and does not reach the internal cervical os (variable lengths and widths may be observed). Although frequently asymptomatic, an increased risk of poor reproductive outcome has been observed. Urinary tract abnormalities are very rarely associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018683 biolink:NamedThing acquired ichthyosis Noninherited ichthyosis associated with malignancy; autoimmune, inflammatory, nutritional, metabolic, infectious, and neurologic diseases; or medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043094 biolink:NamedThing ichthyosis, follicular DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100025 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures This syndrome is characterized by onset of refractory focal seizures in the first year of life, with associated severe encephalopathy. Focal seizures arise independently in both hemispheres and can migrate from one cortical region to another randomly but consecutively in the same seizure. Seizures are often prolonged with episodes of status epilepticus. Prognosis is poor with severe neurological disability and reduced life expectancy, although a milder evolution has been reported in a few children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100026 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic encephalopathy in non-progressive disorder This group of epilepsies are typically is characterized by onset of seizures from day 1 of life to 5 years (peak 12 months). Both sexes are affected, however the male to female ratio is 1:2. Antecedent (including birth) history, head size, neurological and developmental findings reflect the underlying cause (if known). Myoclonic status epilepticus is often the initial presenting seizure type, however other initial seizure types may also occur. Prognosis is unfavorable with severe neurological and developmental impairments typically seen. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100208 biolink:NamedThing self-limited familial neonatal-infantile epilepsy An epilepsy syndrome associated with infantile period seizures, complete or nearly-complete seizure remission afterwards, usually good developmental outcome, and dominant transmission with high penetrance in pedigrees. For most affected infants, seizures begin within the first week after term birth. In a minority, however, seizures can begin after the first week but within the first several months of life. At onset, seizures may be highly recurrent, and often feature unilateral tonic limb stiffening that may alternate sides from seizure to seizure, accompanied by cyanosis and autonomic features. Limb shaking movements occur, but not in the evolving rhythmic pattern of tonic-clonic convulsions in older individuals. Neurological examination of the infant is normal between seizures. Although these seizures remit by 4-12 months of age in the majority, 15-30% of those affected have one or more seizure recurrences later, including febrile seizures, focal-onset seizures, and convulsions. Although most affected children show typical development, individuals with mild learning difficulties have been reported in families where the majority develop typically. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016450 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hemolytic anemia, cold type Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia comprises two types of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) defined by the presence of cold autoantibodies (autoantibodies which are active at temperatures below 30B0C): cold agglutinin disease (CAD), which is the more common, and paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018358 biolink:NamedThing neonatal autoimmune hemolytic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019532 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune hemolytic anemia, warm type Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia is the most common form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia defined by the presence of warm autoantibodies against red blood cells (autoantibodies that are active at temperatures between 37-40B0C). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019534 biolink:NamedThing mixed-type autoimmune hemolytic anemia Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) defined by the presence of both warm and cold autoantibodies, which have a deleterious effect on red blood cells at either body temperature or at lower temperatures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019535 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) that occurs as a reaction to therapeutic drugs, and can be due to various mechanisms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016061 biolink:NamedThing immunodeficiency with factor H anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016331 biolink:NamedThing infantile systemic hyalinosis Infantile systemic hyalinosis (ISH) is a very rare disorder belonging to the heterogeneous group of genetic fibromatoses and is characterized by progressive joint contractures, skin abnormalities, severe chronic pain and widespread deposition of hyaline material in many tissues such as the skin, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, spleen, thyroid, and adrenal glands. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016078 biolink:NamedThing congenital systemic arteriovenous fistula DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016079 biolink:NamedThing sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a subacute fatal neurodegenerative disease belonging to the group of prion diseases, characterized by a clinical triad of dementia, myoclonus, and EEG anomalies, along with neuropathological evidence of neuronal loss, spongiform changes, and astrocytosis. There are three types of CJD: sporadicCJD (sCJD), inherited CJD, and iatrogenic and variant CJD (vCJD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016081 biolink:NamedThing coronary arterial fistulas Coronary arterial fistulas are a connection between one or more of the coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber or great vessel. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019825 biolink:NamedThing congenital coronary artery aneurysm Congenital coronary artery aneurysm is a rare congenital coronary artery malformation defined as a more than 1.5 fold the normal size dilatation of a coronary artery segment with no identified underlying inflammatory or connective tissue disease. It may be asymptomatic or may present with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, fistula formation, pericardial tamponade, compression of surrounding structures, or congestive heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019826 biolink:NamedThing abnormal origin or aberrant course of coronary artery DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016089 biolink:NamedThing infantile Krabbe disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016090 biolink:NamedThing late-infantile/juvenile Krabbe disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021142 biolink:NamedThing acquired rippling muscle disease The acquired form of RMD. Although RMD most often is reported with autosomal dominant inheritance, some sporadic cases are found, and an association with other diseases such as myasthenia gravis has also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016128 biolink:NamedThing parasitic myositis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016140 biolink:NamedThing sarcoglycanopathy Deficiencies or mutations in the genes for the sarcoglycan complex subunits. A variety of phenotypes are associated with these mutations including a subgroup of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, and respiratory deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016149 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of merosin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016154 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of myotubularin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016186 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of myofibrillar proteins DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016197 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of selenoprotein N1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018282 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of alpha-dystroglycan DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017743 biolink:NamedThing disorder of O-N-acetylgalactosaminylglycan synthesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018283 biolink:NamedThing primary qualitative or quantitative defects of alpha-dystroglycan DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016164 biolink:NamedThing herpetiform pemphigus Herpetiform pemphigus is a rare superficial pemphigus disease characterized by severe intractable pruritus with erythematous or urticarial plaques and vesicles organized in a herpetiform pattern. Mucosae are generally spared. Eosinophilia in peripheral blood and low titers of circulating autoantibodies are observed in many cases. Histologically, minimal or no apparent acantholysis is associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019323 biolink:NamedThing pemphigus erythematosus Pemphigus erythematosus is a rare superficial pemphigus disease characterized clinically by well-demarcated, localized, erythematous, scaly, hyperkeratotic, crusted plaques, with frequent butterfly distribution over the malar area of the face (but also commonly involving trunk and scalp, and less frequently the extremities, with a photoexposed distribution). Histologically, granular deposits along the dermal-epidermal junction, in addition to intercellular deposition in the upper epidermis, are observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019324 biolink:NamedThing pemphigus foliaceus Pemphigus foliaceous is a rare superficial pemphigus disease characterized by multiple, pruritic, scaly, crusted cutaneous erosions, with flaky circumscribed patches, localized mostly on the face, scalp, trunk and extremities, often presenting an erythematous base. Mucosal involvement is rarely observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016169 biolink:NamedThing chronic acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy Chronic form of acquired peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016176 biolink:NamedThing axonal polyneuropathy associated with IgG/IgM/IgA monoclonal gammopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016179 biolink:NamedThing acquired amyloid peripheral neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017362 biolink:NamedThing neuralgic amyotrophy Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) is an uncommon disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by the sudden onset of extreme pain in the upper extremity followed by rapid multifocal motor weakness and atrophy and a slow recovery in months to years. NA includes both an idiopathic (INA, also known as Parsonage-Turner syndrome) and hereditary (HNA) form. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018587 biolink:NamedThing non-recovering obstetric brachial plexus lesion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018873 biolink:NamedThing anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome of the abdominal wall caused by entrapment of anterior cutaneous branches of 7 to 12th intercostal nerves along the lateral border of the anterior rectus abdominis fascia causing severe pain and tenderness of the involved dermatome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018957 biolink:NamedThing pudendal neuralgia Pudendal neuralgia (PN) is a chronic neuropathic pain, aggravated by sitting and for which no organic cause can be found by imaging studies. It is often associated with pelvic dysfunction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019606 biolink:NamedThing simple cryoglobulinemia Simple (monoclonal) cryoglobulinemia or type I cryoglobulinemia refers to the presence in the serum of one isotype or subclass of immunoglobulin (Ig) that precipitates reversibly below 37°C. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018977 biolink:NamedThing polyneuropathy associated with IgM monoclonal gammapathy with anti-MAG Polyneuropathy associated with IgM monoclonal gammapathy (MG) with anti-MAG (myelin-associated-glycoprotein) activity is a demyelinating polyneuropathy characterized clinically by sensory ataxia, tremor, paresthesia, and impaired gait. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018979 biolink:NamedThing multifocal motor neuropathy Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a rare acquired immune-mediatedneuropathy characterized clinically by a purely motor deficit with conduction block and asymmetric multifocal weakness, fasciculations, and cramping. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019109 biolink:NamedThing CANOMAD syndrome CANOMAD syndrome (Chronic Ataxic Neuropathy, Ophthalmoplegia, Monoclonal IgM protein, cold Agglutinins and Disialosyl antibodies) is a rare chronic immune-mediated demyelinating polyneuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016171 biolink:NamedThing polyradiculoneuropathy associated with IgG/IgA/IgM monoclonal gammopathy without known antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016173 biolink:NamedThing non-paraneoplastic sensory ganglionopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016188 biolink:NamedThing qualitative or quantitative defects of alphaB-cristallin DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016206 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016207 biolink:NamedThing phacoanaphylactic uveitis Intraocular inflammation occurring after extracapsular cataract extraction; probably an immune reaction to the patient's liberated lenticular proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019198 biolink:NamedThing sympathetic ophthalmia Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis usually occurring within the three months following trauma or a surgical procedure involving one eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016209 biolink:NamedThing benign familial nocturnal alternating hemiplegia of childhood Benign nocturnal alternating hemiplegia of childhood is a rare neurologic disease characterized by recurrent attacks of nocturnal screaming or crying followed or accompanied by unilateral or sometimes bilateral hemiplegia. Disorder is not associated with neurological or developmental impairments but may be associated with mild behavioral abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016220 biolink:NamedThing congenital temporomandibular joint ankylosis Congenital temporomandibular joint ankylosis is a rare maxillofacial disorder characterized by significant reduction in mouth opening (i.e. from a few millimeters to a few centimeters) in the absence of acquired factors (e.g. trauma, infection) contributing to the ankylosis. It is associated with variable degrees of facial dysmorphism (i.e. lateral deviation of the mandible and chin, lower facial asymmetry, retrognathia, micrognathia, dental malocclusion) and patients typically present with feeding and breathing difficulties. Developmental delay, hypotonia, seizures, and additional dysmorphic features (e.g. pectus excavatum, low-set ears, hypoplastic alae nasi) have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018793 biolink:NamedThing primary condylar hyperplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019536 biolink:NamedThing typical hemolytic-uremic syndrome Typical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (typical HUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by mechanical hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal dysfunction that is usually associated with prodromal enteritis caused by Shigella dysentriae type 1 or E. Coli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016249 biolink:NamedThing hereditary site-specific ovarian cancer syndrome Ovarian cancer caused by germline mutations in various genes, usually associated with additional cancer risks. The most common are breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) due to mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) due to mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes. Mutations in STK11 gene, causing Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, are also associated with a risk of ovarian cancer (typically sex cord stromal tumors). Mutations in other genes, including RAD51C, RAD51D, PALB2, confer an elevated ovarian cancer risk in a minority of patients. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016304 biolink:NamedThing classic pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016305 biolink:NamedThing atypical pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016312 biolink:NamedThing 5-fluorouracil poisoning 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) poisoning is a rare intoxication caused by the prolonged, low-dose administration of 5-FU, which is the mainstay of both adjuvant and advanced-disease chemotherapy regimens in colon cancer. 5-FU poisoning is characterized by gastrointestinal (nausea, emesis, diarrhea, anorexia, stomatitis) and hematologic (myelosuppression) toxicities as well as mucositis, alopecia and, occasionally, palmar-plantar dysesthesia (more commonly known as hand-foot syndrome). Women have been reported to experience more 5-FU-related toxicity than men. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800390 biolink:NamedThing chemotherapy-induced toxicity Toxicities following administration of chemotherapeutic agents DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027652 biolink:NamedThing 5-fluorouracil toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027664 biolink:NamedThing cisplatin toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027675 biolink:NamedThing irinotecan toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034212 biolink:NamedThing methotrexate toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016315 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 2, severe form Mucopolysaccharidosis type 2 (MPS2), severe form (MPS2S), is associated with a massive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and a wide variety of symptoms including a rapidly progressive cognitive decline; it is most often fatal in the second or third decade. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016316 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 2, attenuated form Mucopolysaccharidosis type 2, attenuated form (MPS2att), the less severe form of MPS2, leads to a massive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and a wide variety of symptoms including distinctive facies, short stature, cardiorespiratory and skeletal findings. It is differentiated from mucopolysaccharidosis type 2, severe form by the absence of cognitive decline. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016321 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis Pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis (PIG) is a rare non-lethal pediatric form of interstitial lung disease (ILD). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800109 biolink:NamedThing persistent tachypnoe of infancy A interstial lung disease characterized by the presence of persistent or intermittent tachypnea (usually noticed in neonatal period or after an acute infection for the first time in first months of life), crackles in 86 %, retractions in 82%, failure to thrive in 66%, chest wall abnormalities in 22% and hypoxemia or desaturation in 88%. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800121 biolink:NamedThing cellular interstitial pneumonitis An interstitial lung disease specific to infancy that is characterized by tachypnea at birth and persistent disease, diffuse interstitial thickening due to pale oval and spindle-shaped histiocytes without scarring. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016332 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to intensive athletic training DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018932 biolink:NamedThing cirrhotic cardiomyopathy Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is the term used to describe a constellation of features indicative of abnormal heart structure and function in patients with cirrhosis. These include systolic and diastolic dysfunction, electrophysiological changes, and macroscopic and microscopic structural changes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016353 biolink:NamedThing palmoplantar keratoderma-spastic paralysis syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017389 biolink:NamedThing tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia/phenylketonuria Tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia/ phenylketonuria (BH4-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia/ phenylketonuria) is a form of phenylketonuria (PKU), an inborn error of amino acid metabolism, characterized by mild to moderate symptoms of PKU including impaired cognitive function, seizures, and behavioral and developmental disorders, and a marked reduction and normalization of elevated phenylalanine concentrations after oral loading with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4; sapropterin dihydrochloride), an essential cofactor of phenylalanine hydroxylase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019258 biolink:NamedThing mild phenylketonuria Mild phenylketonuria is a rare form of phenylketouria (PKU), an inborn error of amino acid metabolism, characterized by symptoms of PKU of mild to moderate severity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019259 biolink:NamedThing classic phenylketonuria Classical phenylketonuria is a severe form of phenylketonuria (PKU) an inborn error of amino acid metabolism characterized in untreated patients by severe intellectual deficit and neuropsychiatric complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019335 biolink:NamedThing mild hyperphenylalaninemia Mild hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) is a rare form of phenylketonuria, an inborn error of amino acid metabolism, characterized by mild symptoms of HPA. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016368 biolink:NamedThing Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 1 Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 1 is a subform of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) presenting with a characteristic facial rash (poikiloderma) and frequently associated with short stature, sparse scalp hair, sparse or absent eyelashes and/or eyebrows, and rapidly progressive bilateral juvenile cataracts. In contrast to RTS2, patients with RTS1 do not appear to have an increased risk of developing cancer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016369 biolink:NamedThing Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 2 Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 2 is a subform of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) presenting with a characteristic facial rash (poikiloderma) and frequently associated with short stature, sparse scalp hair, sparse or absent eyelashes and/or eyebrows, congenital bone defects and an increased risk of osteosarcoma in childhood and squamous cell carcinoma later in life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016376 biolink:NamedThing confetti-like macular atrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016437 biolink:NamedThing late-onset focal dermal elastosis Late-onset focal dermal elastosis is a rare, acquired, dermis elastic tissue disorder characterized by a pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papular eruption consisting of multiple, slowly progressive, asymptomatic, 2-5 mm, white to yellowish, non-follicular papules (that tend to form cobblestone plaques) predominantly distributed over the neck, axillae and flexural areas, with no systemic involvement. Skin biopsy reveals a focal increase of normal-appearing elastic tissue in the reticular dermis with no calcium deposits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016438 biolink:NamedThing linear focal dermal elastosis Linear focal elastosis is a rare, acquired, dermis elastic tissue disorder characterized by asymptomatic, palpable, hypertrophic or atrophic, yellowish or red, indurated, horizontal, striae-like linear plaques distributed symmetrically across the mid and lower back. No systemic involvement has been described. Skin biopsy reveals a focal increase in abnormal elastic tissue with abundant, wavy, fragmented and aggregated, basophilic elastic fibers in the reticular dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016439 biolink:NamedThing elastoderma Elastoderma is a rare condition that affects the skin. People affected by elastoderma generally have increased laxity of skin covering a specific area of the body. Decreased recoil of the skin has also been reported. Although any part of the body can be affected, the skin of the neck and extremities (arms and legs, especially at the elbows and/or knees) are most commonly involved. The exact underlying cause is currently unknown; however, it generally occurs sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. There is no standard therapy available for elastoderma. Some cases have been treated with surgical excision (removal of affected skin), but hyperlaxity of skin often returns following the surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016442 biolink:NamedThing elastoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016443 biolink:NamedThing papular elastorrhexis An acquired form of collagenoma that appears in childhood. It is characterized by discrete, firm, skin-colored, and slightly elevated cutaneous papules, nodules or plaques that may be generalized, or found on the trunk and the extremities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016444 biolink:NamedThing primary anetoderma Primary anetoderma is a rare skin disease characterized by loss of elastin tissue resulting in localized areas of flaccid skin in the absence of a secondary cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016446 biolink:NamedThing acquired cutis laxa An instance of cutis laxa that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016447 biolink:NamedThing white fibrous papulosis of the neck White fibrous papulosis of the neck (WFPN) is a rare, acquired, dermal elastic tissue disorder characterized by multiple, 2-3 mm sized, non-confluent, asymptomatic, white or pale-colored, non-follicular, firm papular lesions occurring predominantly on the lateral or posterior aspects of the neck. Other, rarely reported sites include inferior axillae, central mid-back and upper sternal region. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016449 biolink:NamedThing mid-dermal elastolysis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016421 biolink:NamedThing toxic oil syndrome Toxic oil syndrome is a rare intoxication, due to consumption of a rapeseed oil denatured with aniline 2%, characterized by generalized vascular lesions affecting all organs and vessels (including veins and arteries) and presenting with severe incapacitating myalgias, marked peripheral eosinophilia and pulmonary infiltrates. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016588 biolink:NamedThing infantile mercury poisoning Infantile mercury poisoning is a rare intoxication affecting children, most commonly characterized by erythema of the hands, feet and nose, edematous, painful, pink to red, desquamating fingers and toes, bluish, cold and wet extremities, excessive sweating, irritability, photophobia, muscle weakness, diffuse hypotonia, paresthesia, hypertension and tachycardia, due to elemental, organic or inorganic mercury exposure. Additional manifestations include alopecia, loss of appetite, excessive salivation with red and swollen gums, tooth and nail loss, and insomnia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017638 biolink:NamedThing manganese poisoning Manganese poisoning is associated with chronic inhalation of manganese particles by individuals who work with manganese ore. Clinical features include confusion; hallucinations; and an extrapyramidal syndrome (parkinson disease, secondary) that includes rigidity; dystonia; retropulsion; and tremor. (Adams, Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1213) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017859 biolink:NamedThing colchicine poisoning A potentially life-threatening poisoning, due to ingestion of the drug or consumption of the plant Colchicum autumnale, that usually begins with gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, that cause severe dehydration) and an initial leukocytosis leading to marrow failure (24 hours after ingestion), followed by potentially fatal multi-organ failure with mental status change, oliguric renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, electrolyte imbalance, acid-base disturbance, cardiac failure/arrest and shock within 1-3 days. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017860 biolink:NamedThing methanol poisoning Methanol poisoning is a rare poisoning resulting in elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis, due to the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-mediated production of formic acid (which is poisonous to the central nervous system), and characterized by dizziness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, metabolic acidosis, visual disturbances (which if left untreated can lead to blindness), coma, and death (due to respiratory failure). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017861 biolink:NamedThing ethylene glycol poisoning Ethylene glycol poisoning is a rare poisoning resulting in elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis, due to the production of glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid, and oxalic acid by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in the liver when ethylene glycol is metabolized, characterized initially by euphoria, slurred speech, encephalopathy, coma and seizures, and followed by late manifestations such as tachycardia, arrhythmias, myocardial depression, hemodynamic imbalance and, finally, acute renal failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017862 biolink:NamedThing paraquat poisoning Paraquat poisoning is a rare intoxication with paraquat (a non-selective bipyridilium herbicide that has been banned in Europe), usually occurring through ingestion of the poison, and that presents with caustic injury of the oral cavity and pharynx, as well as nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, lethargy, loss of consciousness and fever. Patients may develop potentially life-threatening complications such as hepatic dysfunction, acute tubular necrosis and renal insufficiency, and respiratory failure (due to pulmonary fibrosis) due to its inherent toxicity and lack of effective treatment. Intoxication via inhalation, injection and dermal or mucus contact have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018019 biolink:NamedThing lead poisoning 5 ug/dL) is reported to lead to irreversible effects such as loss of cognition, shortening of attention span, alteration of behavior, dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, hypertension, renal impairment, immunotoxicity and toxicity to the reproductive organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018020 biolink:NamedThing mercury poisoning Mercury poisoning is caused mainly through ingestion or inhalation of any of the 3 forms of mercury, elemental, organic, and inorganic. Exposure to elemental mercury affects the pulmonary (inhalation of mercury vapors causes coughing, chills, fever, shortness of breath), dermatological (mild swelling, vesiculation, scaling, irritation, urticaria, erythema and allergic contact dermatitis accompanied by pain), and peripheral and central nervous (CNS) systems (depression, paranoia, extreme irritability, hallucinations, inability to concentrate, memory loss, hands, head, lips, tongue, jaw and eyelids tremors, weight loss, perpetually low body temperature, drowsiness, headaches, insomnia, fatigue). Exposure to inorganic mercury generally causes development of a metallic taste, local oropharyngeal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, colic abdominal pain, renal dysfunction and, neurologic abnormalities; while that to organic mercury can lead to delayed neurotoxicity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018669 biolink:NamedThing snakebite envenomation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018741 biolink:NamedThing paracetamol poisoning DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018754 biolink:NamedThing cyanide poisoning DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018755 biolink:NamedThing scorpion envenomation Scorpion envenomation is a rare intoxication caused by a scorpion sting which typically manifests with localized pain, edema, erythema, and paresthesias at the site of the sting and, when severe, progresses to produce systemic symptoms of variable severity that include respiratory difficulties, abnormal systemic blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, and a combination of parasympathetic (i.e. excessive salivation and lacrimation, diaphoresis, miosis, frequent urination, diarrhea, vomiting, priapism) and sympathetic (e.g. hyperthermia, hyperglycemia, mydriasis) manifestations. Neurological manifestations may also be associated, such as abnormal eye movements, blurred vision, agitation and restlessness, as well as muscle fasciculations and spasms. Signs and symptoms are highly variable and in most severe cases may lead to cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018952 biolink:NamedThing argyria Argyria is a rare dermatosis, which can be either localized or systemic, that occurs after prolonged contact and absorption of silver containing compounds over a period of years and that is characterized by irreversible blue-gray to gray-black staining of skin, fingernails and/or mucous membranes, most evident on sun exposed areas of the skin. Silver exposure is usually occupational but may also occur through dental amalgams, the ingestion of colloidal silver, acupuncture needles, orthopedic implants and topical medications (such as silver sulfadiazine). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019544 biolink:NamedThing cocaine intoxication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019545 biolink:NamedThing systemic monochloroacetate poisoning Systemic monochloroacetate poisoning is a rare, life-threatening intoxication with monochloroacetic acid (mainly through the skin, but also by inhalation or ingestion). It is characterized by vomiting, diarrhea and central nervous system (CNS)-excitability (disorientation, delirium, convulsions) as early signs of systemic poisoning, followed by CNS-depression, coma and cerebral edema. Additional signs include heart involvement (severe myocardial depression, shock, arrhythmias, nonspecific myocardial damage), severe metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia and progressive renal failure leading to anuria. Myoglobinemia and leukocytosis may occur. Manifestations may be delayed for 1-4 hours. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022007 biolink:NamedThing water intoxication A condition resulting from the excessive retention of water with sodium depletion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023176 biolink:NamedThing formaldehyde poisoning DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023305 biolink:NamedThing heavy metal poisoning Heavy metal poisoning refers to when excessive exposure to a heavy metal affects the normal function of the body. Examples of heavy metals that can cause toxicity include lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, and chromium. Exposure may occur through the diet, from medications, from the environment, or in the course of work or play. Heavy metals can enter the body through the skin, or by inhalation or ingestion. Toxicity can result from sudden, severe exposure, or from chronic exposure over time. Symptoms can vary depending on the metal involved, the amount absorbed, and the age of the person exposed. For example, young children are more susceptible to the effects of lead exposure because they absorb more compared with adults and their brains are still developing. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain are common symptoms of acute metal ingestion. Chronic exposure may cause various symptoms resulting from damage to body organs, and may increase the risk of cancer. Treatment depends on the circumstances of the exposure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027653 biolink:NamedThing abacavir toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027655 biolink:NamedThing allopurinol toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027666 biolink:NamedThing codeine toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027667 biolink:NamedThing efavirenz toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027668 biolink:NamedThing flucloxacilline toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027677 biolink:NamedThing isoniazid toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027687 biolink:NamedThing raltegravir toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027696 biolink:NamedThing voriconazole toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033169 biolink:NamedThing curariform drugs toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033170 biolink:NamedThing statin toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033181 biolink:NamedThing phenytoin or carbamazepine toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035350 biolink:NamedThing letrozole toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035511 biolink:NamedThing ricin poisoning A rare disorder due to poisoning characterized by acute onset of potentially life-threatening illness following ingestion, inhalation, or injection of ricin, a lectin present in the seeds of Ricinus communis, the castor oil plant. Clinical presentation depends on the route of administration, inhalation being the most toxic route, followed by oral ingestion. Presenting signs and symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hematemesis, and melena (upon ingestion), cough, wheezing, dyspnea, sore throat, and congestion (upon inhalation), and erythema, induration, blisters, capillary leak syndrome, and localized necrosis (upon injection). The condition can progress to seizures, shock, organ failure, pulmonary edema, and respiratory failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035875 biolink:NamedThing ivermectin toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035876 biolink:NamedThing belinostat toxicity or dose selection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036025 biolink:NamedThing toxicity to dolutegravir DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043230 biolink:NamedThing ciguatera fish poisoning Poisoning caused by ingestion of seafood containing microgram levels of ciguatoxins. The poisoning is characterized by gastrointestinal, neurological and cardiovascular disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043339 biolink:NamedThing lathyrism A paralytic condition of the legs caused by ingestion of lathyrogens, especially beta-aminopropionitrile or beta-N-oxalyl amino-L-alanine, which are found in the seeds of plants of the genus lathyrus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043523 biolink:NamedThing cadmium poisoning Poisoning occurring after exposure to cadmium compounds or fumes. It may cause gastrointestinal syndromes, anemia, or pneumonitis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060690 biolink:NamedThing phenytoin toxicity DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800176 biolink:NamedThing black widow spider envenomation Local and/or systemic toxicity resulting from a bite from a black widow spider (Latrodectus species). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800386 biolink:NamedThing organophosphate poisoning A poisoning that is caused by exposure to organophosphate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800387 biolink:NamedThing sulfur mustard poisoning A poisoning that is caused by exposure to sulfur mustard. The effects of mustard poisoning may be local, systemic, or both, depending on environmental conditions, exposed organs, and the extent and duration of exposure. The toxic effects of mustard include inhibition of mitosis, NAD depletion, decreased tissue respiration and finally cell death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800388 biolink:NamedThing cardiac glycoside intoxication A poisoning that is caused by exposure to cardiac glycoside. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800389 biolink:NamedThing monochloroacetic acid poisoning A poisoning that is caused by exposure to monochloroacetic acid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016441 biolink:NamedThing acquired pseudoxanthoma elasticum A nonheritable form of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), lacking the retinal and vascular stigmata associated with the inherited form of the disorder, but having skin lesions that are clinically, histologically, and ultrastructurally similar to those seen in the inherited type. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016451 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time Idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time is a sleep disorder characterized by good quality night rest of 10 hours or more, excessive daytime drowsiness that is more or less continual with long episodes of non-restorative sleep, and difficult waking with sleep drunkenness or sleep inertia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016452 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time Idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time is a sleep disorder characterized almost entirely by constant excessive daytime drowsiness lasting more than 3 months, with involuntary more or less restorative daytime naps. Night rest is of normal length or slightly prolonged but is less than 10 hours in duration, with often normal awakening. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016453 biolink:NamedThing foodborne botulism Foodborne botulism is the most common form of botulism, a rare acquired neuromuscular junction disease with descending flaccid paralysis due to botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). It is caused by consumption of contaminated food containing BoNTs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016777 biolink:NamedThing inhalational botulism Inhalational botulism is a man-made form of botulism, a rare acquired neuromuscular junction disease with descending flaccid paralysis caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016475 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to imprinting defect of 11p15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016476 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to CDKN1C mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016478 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to 11p15 translocation/inversion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016547 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to NSD1 mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019875 biolink:NamedThing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to 11p15 microduplication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023182 biolink:NamedThing Franceschini Vardeu Guala syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016944 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 7 Chromosome 7p duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the short arm (p) of chromosome 7. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 7p duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019874 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 7p Distal trisomy 7p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 7, with highly variable phenotype typically characterized by severe to profound psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, dysmorphic features (incl. dolichocephaly, microbrachycephaly, high and/or broad forehead, large anterior fontanel, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set, dysplastic ears, low, broad and prominent nasal bridge, abnormal palate, micro-/retrognathia), and hypotonia. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, skeletal and urogenital anomalies have commonly been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016948 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700018 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 11 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 11 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016932 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016486 biolink:NamedThing beta-thalassemia major Beta-thalassemia (BT) major is a severe early-onset form of BT characterized by severe anemia requiring regular red blood cell transfusions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016487 biolink:NamedThing beta-thalassemia intermedia Beta-thalassemia (BT) intermedia is a form of BT characterized by mild to moderate anemia which does not or only occasionally requires transfusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044210 biolink:NamedThing thalassemia minor The inheritance of only one mutated beta-globin allele (beta+ or beta0). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016495 biolink:NamedThing functional variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016497 biolink:NamedThing paraparetic variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome Paraparetic variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome characterized by isolated leg weakness, areflexia and radicular leg pain that may simulate a cauda equina or spinal cord syndrome. The arms, ocular, facial, and oropharyngeal muscles are spared, and sphincteric function is normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016504 biolink:NamedThing primary unilateral adrenal hyperplasia Primary unilateral adrenal hyperplasia (PUAH) is a surgically-correctable form of primary (hyper) aldosteronism (PA) characterized by renin suppression, unilateral aldosterone hypersecretion, and moderate to severe hypertension secondary to hyperplasia of the adrenal gland. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016506 biolink:NamedThing ectopic aldosterone-producing tumor Ectopic aldosterone-producing tumor is an extremely rare aldosterone-producing neoplasm composed of aberrant adrenocortical tissue located outside the adrenal glands (e.g. in retroperitoneum, perirenal or periaortic fatty tissue, thorax, spinal canal, testes, ovaries) typically characterized by symptoms related to increased aldosterone levels (such as sustained, treatment-resistant hypertension and hypokalemia) or symptoms caused by local tumor enlargement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016526 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 9p Trisomy 9p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial or complete trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 9, with a wide phenotypic variablility, typically characterized by intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism (e.g. microcephaly, large anterior fontanel, hypertelorism, strabismus, downslanting palpebral fissures, malformed, low-set, protruding ears, bulbous nose, macrostomia, down-turned corners of mouth, micrognathia), digital anomalies (brachydactyly and clinodactyly), and short stature. Less frequently patients present with cardiopathy and renal, skeletal, and central nervous system malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700043 biolink:NamedThing syndrome caused by partial chromosomal duplication of the short arm of chromosome 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018030 biolink:NamedThing tetrasomy 9p Tetrasomy 9p is a rare autosomal anomaly characterized by pre- and postnatal growth retardation, psychomotor delay, mild to moderate intellectual disability, hypotonia, microcephaly, dysmorphic features (ocular hypertelorism, low-set, malformed ears, bulbous/beaked nose, microretrognathia, enophthalmos/micropthalmia, epicanthus, strabismus), cleft lip/palate, skeletal abnormalities (hypoplastic nails/distal phalanges, short stature, short neck, contractures), congenital heart defects, renal and urogenital malformations (renal hypoplasia, genital hypoplasia, cryptorchidism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016533 biolink:NamedThing apolipoprotein A-II amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019731 biolink:NamedThing AApoAI amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019732 biolink:NamedThing ALys amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019733 biolink:NamedThing AFib amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016534 biolink:NamedThing infundibulo-neurohypophysitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019839 biolink:NamedThing panhypophysitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016539 biolink:NamedThing atypical hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome A form of hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability in addition to classic hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome phenotype (cystinuria type 1, generalised hypotonia, poor feeding, growth retardation, and minor facial dysmorphism). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016549 biolink:NamedThing primary megaureter, adult-onset form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016550 biolink:NamedThing congenital primary megaureter, obstructed form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016551 biolink:NamedThing congenital primary megaureter, refluxing form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016552 biolink:NamedThing congenital primary megaureter, nonrefluxing and unobstructed form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035295 biolink:NamedThing congenital primary megaureter, refluxing and obstructed form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016556 biolink:NamedThing transient congenital hypothyroidism due to neonatal factor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016572 biolink:NamedThing central bilateral macrogyria Central bilateral macrogyria is a neuronal migration disorder characterised by pseudobulbar palsy, developmental delay, mild mental retardation and epilepsy. It has been described in at least four children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017449 biolink:NamedThing split hand Split hand is a rare, non-syndromic limb reduction defect, clinically and genetically heterogeneous, characterized by bilateral or unilateral underdevelopment or absence of the central rays of the autopod, with absence of all or just some of the central phalanges and at least part of the associated metacarpal bones, yielding a cleft appearance of the hand. It is frequently associated with syndactyly and aplasia/hypoplasia of remaining digits and metacarpal bones. No other dysmorphic features are observed and development is appropriate for age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017450 biolink:NamedThing split foot DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016582 biolink:NamedThing congenital mitral malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016586 biolink:NamedThing systemic mastocytosis Systemic mastocytosis (SM) comprises a heterogeneous group of rare acquired and chronic hematological malignancies that are related to an abnormal proliferation of mast cells in tissue, including bone marrow, with or without skin involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035445 biolink:NamedThing chronic mast cell leukemia A rare form of mast cell leukemia characterized by the presence of at least 20% mast cells in bone marrow aspirate smears but often mature mast cell morphology, low proliferation rate, and absence of organ damage and C findings (cytopenias, hepatomegaly, ascites, portal hypertension, splenomegaly, skeletal lesions, malabsorption). The disease course is less aggressive than in the acute form, although patients may later progress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016591 biolink:NamedThing sporadic adult-onset ataxia of unknown etiology Sporadic adult-onset ataxia of unknown etiology describes a group of non-hereditary degenerative ataxias characterized by a slowly progressive cerebellar syndrome (with ataxia of stance and gait, upper limb dysmetria and intention tremor, ataxic speech, and oculomotor abnormalities), presenting in adulthood (at around 50 years of age), that is not due to a known cause. Extracerebellar symptoms (e.g., decreased vibration sense and absent or decreased ankle reflexes), polyneuropathy and mild autonomic dysfunction may also be present. Mild cognitive impairment has also rarely been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016592 biolink:NamedThing non-hereditary degenerative ataxia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016601 biolink:NamedThing adult-onset citrullinemia type I Adult-onset citrullinemia type I is a form of citrullinemia type I characterized clinically by adult onset of symptoms including variable hyperammonemia and less striking neurological findings which may include intense headache, scotomas, migraine-like episodes, ataxia, slurred speech, lethargy and drowsiness. Serious increased intracranial pressure may occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016605 biolink:NamedThing perinatal lethal hypophosphatasia A rare, genetic form of hypophosphatasia (HPP) characterized by markedly impaired bone mineralization in utero due to reduced activity of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and causing stillbirth or respiratory failure within days of birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016607 biolink:NamedThing odontohypophosphatasia Odontohypophosphatasia (odonto-HPP) is the least severe form of hypophosphatasia characterized by premature exfoliation of primary and/or permanent teeth and/or severe dental caries, in the absence of skeletal system abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600009 biolink:NamedThing severe hypophosphatasia Severe hypophosphatasia is a rare, severe form of hypophosphatasia characterized by infantile rickets without elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and a wide range of clinical manifestations due to hypomineralization. Individuals often present with these features in infancy or in the perinatal period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600010 biolink:NamedThing moderate hypophosphatasia Moderate hypophosphatasia is a rare, moderate form of hypophosphatasia characterized by defective mineralization of bone and/or teeth, premature loss of teeth with intact roots, and reduced serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Individuals can present with this form of hypophosphatasia in infancy, childhood, or adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600011 biolink:NamedThing mild hypophosphatasia Mild hypophosphatasia is the most common form of hypophosphatasia characterized by low alkaline phosphatase, unspecific clinical signs, and typically presents in individuals in adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800303 biolink:NamedThing hypophosphatasia, perinatal lethal DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016613 biolink:NamedThing APC-related attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016615 biolink:NamedThing oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis with anti-nuclear antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019433 biolink:NamedThing oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis Oligoarticular juvenile arthritis is the most common form of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), representing nearly 50% of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016616 biolink:NamedThing oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis without anti-nuclear antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016617 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid factor-negative juvenile idiopathic arthritis with anti-nuclear antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019432 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid factor-negative juvenile idiopathic arthritis Rheumatoid factor-negative polyarthritis is a term used to describe a group of poorly defined heterogenous conditions that incorporates forms of rheumatoid factor-negative polyarthritis and forms of oligoarticular arthritis that become extensive in less than 6 months after onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016618 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid factor-negative juvenile idiopathic arthritis without anti-nuclear antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016621 biolink:NamedThing juvenile Huntington disease Juvenile Huntington disease (JHD) is a form of Huntington disease (HD), characterized by onset of signs and symptoms before 20 years of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016744 biolink:NamedThing primary melanocytic tumor of central nervous system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016995 biolink:NamedThing familial multiple meningioma Familial multiple meningioma is a rare, benign neoplasm of the central nervous system characterized by the development of multiple or, rarely, solitary meningiomas in two or more blood relatives, without other apparent syndromic manifestations. Depending on the localization, growth rate and size of the tumors, patients can present with subtle, gradually worsening or abrupt and severe neurological compromise or can be completely asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700012 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 5 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 5 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016925 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy/tetrasomy of chromosome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016657 biolink:NamedThing 8p11.2 deletion syndrome 8p11.2 deletion syndrome is a contiguous gene syndrome characterized by the association of congenital spherocytosis, dysmorphic features, growth delay and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016890 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 8 Chromosome 8p deletion is a chromosome abnormality that affects many different parts of the body. People with this condition are missing genetic material located on the short arm (p) of chromosome 8 in each cell. The severity of the condition and the associated signs and symptoms vary based on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Most cases are not inherited, although affected people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016659 biolink:NamedThing 8p23.1 duplication syndrome 8p23.1 duplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 8, with a highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by mild to moderate developmental delay, intellectual disability, mild facial dysmorphism (incl. prominent forehead, arched eyebrows, broad nasal bridge, upturned nares, cleft lip and/or palate) and congenital cardiac anomalies (e.g., atrioventricular septal defect). Other reported features include macrocephaly, behavioral abnormalities (e.g., attention deficit disorder), seizures, hypotonia and ocular and digital anomalies (poly/syndactyly). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016945 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 8 Chromosome 8p duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the short arm (p) of chromosome 8. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 8p duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017013 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 8p Trisomy 8p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 8, with highly variable phenotype ranging from no dysmorphic features and only mild intellectual disability to patients with severe developmental delay, neonatal hypotonia, short stature, profound intellectual disability, mild dysmorphic features (e.g. mild ptosis, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, short, prominent philtrum, abnormal dentition) and structural brain abnormalities. Autism, epilepsy, and spastic paraplegia have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016661 biolink:NamedThing infantile onset panniculitis with uveitis and systemic granulomatosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016664 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced vasculitis A skin hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a pharmacologic substance that is characterized by raised purpuric lesions, red macules, hemorrhagic blisters and ulcerations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016668 biolink:NamedThing sickle cell-beta-thalassemia disease syndrome Sickle beta thalassemia is an inherited condition that affects hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to different parts of the body.It is a type of sickle cell disease. Affected people havea differentchange (mutation) in each copy of their HBB gene: onethat causes red blood cells to form a 'sickle' or crescent shape and a second that is associated with beta thalassemia, a blood disorder that reduces the production of hemoglobin. Depending on the beta thalassemia mutation, people may have no normal hemoglobin (called sickle beta zero thalassemia) or a reduced amount of normal hemoglobin (called sickle beta plus thalassemia). The presence of sickle-shaped red blood cells, which often breakdown prematurely and can get stuck in blood vessels, combined with the reduction or absence of mature redblood cells leadsto the many signs and symptoms of sickle beta thalassemia. Features, which may include anemia (low levels of red blood cells), repeated infections, and frequent episodes of pain, generally develop in early childhood and vary in severity depending on the amount of normal hemoglobin made. Sickle beta thalassemia is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is supportive and depends on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016669 biolink:NamedThing sickle cell-hemoglobin c disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016670 biolink:NamedThing sickle cell-hemoglobin d disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016671 biolink:NamedThing sickle cell-hemoglobin E disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016672 biolink:NamedThing hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-sickle cell disease syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016673 biolink:NamedThing localized junctional epidermolysis bullosa, non-Herlitz type Junctional epidermolysis bullosa, localized non-Herlitz-type is a form of non-Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB-nH) characterized by localized blistering, and dystrophic or absent nails. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019307 biolink:NamedThing generalized junctional epidermolysis bullosa non-Herlitz type Generalized non-Herlitz-type junctional epidermolysis bullosa is a form of non-Herlitz-type junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB-nH) characterized by generalized skin blistering, atrophic scarring, nail dystrophy or nail absence, and enamel hypoplasia, with extracutaneous involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016681 biolink:NamedThing gliosarcoma A rare histological variant of glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) characterized by a biphasic tissue pattern with alternating areas displaying glial and mesenchymal differentiation (WHO). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016682 biolink:NamedThing giant cell glioblastoma A rare histological variant of glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) with a predominance of bizarre, multinucleated giant cells, an occasionally abundant stromal reticulin network, and a high frequency of TP53 mutations. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016702 biolink:NamedThing oligoastrocytoma A WHO grade II tumor composed of a conspicuous mixture of two distinct neoplastic cell types morphologically resembling the tumor cells in oligodendroglioma and diffuse astrocytoma. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016687 biolink:NamedThing protoplasmic astrocytoma A rare variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is predominantly composed of neoplastic astrocytes showing a small cell body with few, flaccid processes with a low content of glial filaments and scant GFAP expression. This lesion is not well defined and is considered by some authors as an occasional histopathological feature rather than a reproducibly identifiable variant. When occurring in children, this neoplasm may be difficult to separate from pilocytic juvenile astrocytoma. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016688 biolink:NamedThing fibrillary astrocytoma The most frequent histological variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is predominantly composed of fibrillary neoplastic astrocytes. Nuclear atypia is a diagnostic criterion but mitotic activity, necrosis and microvascular proliferation are absent. The occasional or regional occurrence of gemistocytic neoplastic cells is compatible with the diagnosis of fibrillary astrocytoma. (WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016689 biolink:NamedThing gemistocytic astrocytoma A rare variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is characterized by the presence of a conspicuous, though variable, fraction of gemistocytic neoplastic astrocytes. Gemistocytes are round to oval astrocytes with abundant, glassy, non-fibrillary cytoplasm which appears to displace the dark, angulated nucleus to the periphery of the cell. To make the diagnosis of gemistocytic astrocytoma, gemistocytes should amount to more than approximately 20% of all tumor cells. (Adapted from WHO) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016724 biolink:NamedThing papillary tumor of the pineal region Papillary tumor of the pineal region (PTPR) is a very rare neoplasm of the pineal region that is thought to arise from the specialized ependymocytes of the subcommissural organ and that manifests with visual disturbances, headaches, loss of coordination and balance, nausea and vomiting due to obstructive hydrocephalus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016725 biolink:NamedThing pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differenciation Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation (PPTID) describes a rare type of pineal parenchymal tumor (PPT) of intermediate-grade malignancy manifesting with visual disturbances, headaches, loss of coordination and balance, nausea and vomiting due to obstructive hydrocephalus, and that is classified as either grade II PPTID or grade III PPTID according to the degree of neuronal differentiation and mitotic activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016745 biolink:NamedThing diffuse leptomeningeal melanocytosis Diffuse leptomeningeal melanocytosis is a rare tumor of meninges arising from leptomeningeal melanocytes, characterized by diffuse infiltration of the leptomeninges (pia mater and arachnoidea) anywhere in the central nervous system. Clinical features may include stillbirth, intracranial hypertension and hydrocephalus, seizure, ataxia, syringomyelia, cranial nerve palsy, intracranial haemorrhage, sphincter dysfunction and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Transformation into malignant melanoma of the central nervous system was reported. It may be associated with congenital nevi, as a part of neurocutaneous melanosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016782 biolink:NamedThing paternal 14q32.2 hypomethylation syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016786 biolink:NamedThing partial hydatidiform mole Partial hydatiform mole is a type of hydatiform mole characterized by abnormal hyperplastic trophoblasts and hydropic villi due to fertilization of a normal ovocyte by two spermatozoa or one abnormal spermatozoon (allowing for some fetal development), and that manifests with vaginal bleeding accompanied by nausea and frequent vomiting, hyperemesis gravidarum, hyperthyroidism and risk of spontaneous miscarriage. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032746 biolink:NamedThing hydatidiform mole, recurrent, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032747 biolink:NamedThing hydatidiform mole, recurrent, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016802 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial protein import disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016809 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia with epilepsy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016811 biolink:NamedThing renal tubulopathy-encephalopathy-liver failure syndrome Renal tubulopathy - encephalopathy - liver failure describes a spectrum of phenotypes with manifestations similar but milder than those seen in Gracile syndrome and that can be associated with encephalopathy and psychiatric disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016832 biolink:NamedThing distal 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome Distal 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by a predominantly neuropsychiatric phenotype with a few dysmorphic characteristics. Speech delay, learning difficulties, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder and aggressiveness have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016841 biolink:NamedThing 20p12.3 microdeletion syndrome 20p12.3 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, variable developmental delay and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016898 biolink:NamedThing partial monosomy of the short arm of chromosome 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016842 biolink:NamedThing paternal 20q13.2q13.3 microdeletion syndrome Paternal 20q13.2q13.3 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by severe pre- and post-natal growth retardation, microcephaly, intractable feeding difficulties, mild psychomotor retardation, hypotonia and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016918 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016843 biolink:NamedThing 20q13.33 microdeletion syndrome 20q13.33 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 with a highly variable phenotype typically characterized by hypotonia, intellectual disability, cognitive and language deficits (including decreased or absent speech), pre and post-natal growth retardation, feeding difficulties, microcephaly, and malformed hands and feet. Neurodevelopmental disorders (including hyperactivity, social interactive problems and autism spectrum disorder), seizures and dysmorphic facial features (high forehead, hypertelorism, malformed ears, broad nasal bridge, bulbous nasal tip, thin upper lip, small chin) are frequently associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016863 biolink:NamedThing Okihiro syndrome due to 20q13 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019899 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 20q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019901 biolink:NamedThing non-distal monosomy 20q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016844 biolink:NamedThing trisomy 20p Trisomy 20p is a chromosomal disorder resulting from duplication of all or part of the short arm of chromosome 20. It is mostly characterized by normal growth, mild to moderate intellectual disability, speech delay, poor coordination and evocative facial features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016970 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016845 biolink:NamedThing 21q22.11q22.12 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017056 biolink:NamedThing DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome due to 21q22.13q22.2 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016846 biolink:NamedThing distal 22q11.2 microduplication syndrome Distal 22q11.2 microduplication syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 22, with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, growth retardation, velopharyngeal insufficiency, mild craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, tall/broad forehead, small downslating palpebral fissures, hooded eyelids, flat nasal bridge, low posterior hairline) and digital anomalies. Congenital heart malformations, visual and hearing impairment, urogenital abnormalities, behavourial problems and seizures have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020639 biolink:NamedThing monosomy A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of one chromosome from the normal diploid number. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030502 biolink:NamedThing tetrasomy A chromosomal disorder consisting of the presence of two chromosomes of the same type in addition to the normal diploid number. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016856 biolink:NamedThing Mowat-Wilson syndrome due to a ZEB2 point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016858 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-epicanthus inversus-ptosis due to a point mutation syndrome Blepharophimosis-epicanthus inversus-ptosis (BPES) due to a point mutation is a form of BPES, characterized by the classical eyelid malformation (blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus) which may be accompanied by growth retardation and primary ovary failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016859 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-epicanthus inversus-ptosis due to copy number variations Blepharophimosis - epicanthus inversus - ptosis (BPES) due to polyA expansion is a form of BPES, characterized by the classical eyelid malformation (blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus) which may be associated with a mild ovarian involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035524 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035525 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016864 biolink:NamedThing Okihiro syndrome due to a point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016865 biolink:NamedThing Kleefstra syndrome due to a point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027407 biolink:NamedThing Kleefstra syndrome 1 An autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of EHMT1 on chromosome 9q34.3. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054701 biolink:NamedThing Kleefstra syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700016 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 9 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 9 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016930 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy/tetrasomy of chromosome 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016877 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022174 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 12p deletion A cytogenetic abnormality that refers to the allelic loss of all or part of the short arm of chromosome 12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035521 biolink:NamedThing blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome plus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016889 biolink:NamedThing partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 7 Chromosome 7p deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the short arm (p) of chromosome 7. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 7p deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700029 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of chromosome 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700130 biolink:NamedThing partial segmental duplication A chromosomal disorder consisting of the partial duplication of chromosome 21. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042969 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 12 Chromosome 12q duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 12. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 12q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, growth delay, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016939 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 2 Chromosome 2p duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the short arm (p) of chromosome 2. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 2p duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the duplication on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016940 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 3 Chromosome 3p duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the short arm (p) of chromosome 3. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 3p duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. Chromosome 3p duplication can be de novo or inherited from a parent with a balanced translocation. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016957 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 6 Chromosome 6q duplication is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is an extra copy of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 6. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication and which genes are involved. Features that often occur in people with chromosome 6q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems and distinctive facial features. In most cases, chromosome 6q duplication occurs de novo or is inherited from a parent with a chromosomal rearrangement such as a balanced translocation. Rarely, it is inherited from a parent with the same duplication. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022173 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 11q trisomy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016966 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017012 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0016960 biolink:NamedThing partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018659 biolink:NamedThing partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017034 biolink:NamedThing secondary interstitial lung disease in childhood and adulthood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017040 biolink:NamedThing exposure-related interstitial lung disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020553 biolink:NamedThing secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis Secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis is a respiratory disease due to the deposition of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in lungs as a result of repeated alveolar hemorrhage secondary to another disease, especially dysimmunitary disorders (i.e. Heiner syndrome, autoimmune diseases), thrombotic disorders and cardiovascular disorders such as mitral stenosis. It manifests as a triad of hemoptysis, anemia and diffuse parenchymal infiltrates on chest radiography DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017039 biolink:NamedThing drug or radiation exposure-related interstitial lung disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018733 biolink:NamedThing intellectual disability syndrome due to a DYRK1A point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036484 biolink:NamedThing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, dominant intermediate G DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017060 biolink:NamedThing open iniencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017061 biolink:NamedThing closed iniencephaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017063 biolink:NamedThing total spina bifida aperta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017064 biolink:NamedThing thoracolumbosacral spina bifida aperta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017065 biolink:NamedThing lumbosacral spina bifida aperta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017066 biolink:NamedThing cervical spina bifida aperta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017067 biolink:NamedThing cervicothoracic spina bifida aperta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017068 biolink:NamedThing upper thoracic spina bifida aperta DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017070 biolink:NamedThing total spina bifida cystica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017071 biolink:NamedThing thoracolumbosacral spina bifida cystica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017072 biolink:NamedThing lumbosacral spina bifida cystica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017073 biolink:NamedThing cervical spina bifida cystica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017074 biolink:NamedThing cervicothoracic spina bifida cystica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017075 biolink:NamedThing upper thoracic spina bifida cystica DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017096 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017097 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ib DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017098 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017101 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia type IIa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017102 biolink:NamedThing isolated focal cortical dysplasia type IIb DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017108 biolink:NamedThing isolated total cerebellar vermis agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017109 biolink:NamedThing isolated partial cerebellar vermis agenesis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017110 biolink:NamedThing isolated Dandy-Walker malformation with hydrocephalus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017111 biolink:NamedThing isolated Dandy-Walker malformation without hydrocephalus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022930 biolink:NamedThing Dandy-Walker malformation with nasopharyngeal teratoma and diaphragmatic hernia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017112 biolink:NamedThing isolated unilateral hemispheric cerebellar hypoplasia Isolated unilateral hemispheric cerebellar hypoplasia is a rare, non-syndromic cerebellar malformation characterized by loss of volume in the right or left cerebellar hemisphere, with intact vermis and no other neurological anomalies (i.e. normal cerebral hemispheres, fourth ventricle, pons, medulla and midbrain). Patients may be asymptomatic or may present developmental and speech delay, hypotonia, abnormal ocular movements, persistent headaches and/or peripheral vertigo and ataxia. Neurological examination is otherwise normal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020131 biolink:NamedThing malformation of the cerebellar hemispheres DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017113 biolink:NamedThing isolated bilateral hemispheric cerebellar hypoplasia Isolated bilateral hemispheric cerebellar hypoplasia is a rare cerebellar malformation characterized by hypoplasia of both cerebellar hemispheres with no other cerebellar/cerebral anomaly or other associated clinical feature. Affected patients present with mild hypotonia with motor delay, mild cognitive impairment, language delay, visuospatial and verbal memory deficits, dysdiadochokinesis, intentional tremor, and possible presence of emotional fragility and mild depression. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018946 biolink:NamedThing rhombencephalosynapsis Rhombencephalosynapsis (RS) is a rare malformation of the cerebellum characterised by the association of agenesis (total or partial) of the vermis and fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017171 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 6, rapidly progressing DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017172 biolink:NamedThing mucopolysaccharidosis type 6, slowly progressing DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017174 biolink:NamedThing Machado-Joseph disease type 1 Machado-Joseph disease type 1 is a rare, usually severe subtype of Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) characterized by the presence of marked pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017175 biolink:NamedThing Machado-Joseph disease type 2 Machado-Joseph disease type 2 is a subtype of Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) with intermediate severity characterized by an intermediate age of onset, cerebellar ataxia and external progressive ophthalmoplegia, with variable pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017176 biolink:NamedThing Machado-Joseph disease type 3 Machado-Joseph disease type 3 is a subtype of Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) of milder severity characterized by late onset, slower progression, and peripheral amyotrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042964 biolink:NamedThing Machado-Joseph disease type 4 A subtype of Machado-Joseph disease characterized by Parkinsonian symptoms that respond particularly well to levodopa treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042965 biolink:NamedThing Machado-Joseph disease type 5 A subtype of Machado-Joseph disease characterized by resemblance to Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia; however, more research is needed to conclude the relationship between Type V MJD and hereditary spastic paraplegia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017291 biolink:NamedThing reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is an infrequent cerebrovascular disorder characterized by severe headaches with or without focal neurological deficits or seizures, and a reversible segmental and multifocal vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018624 biolink:NamedThing spontaneous intracranial hypotension DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023093 biolink:NamedThing exertional headache DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017188 biolink:NamedThing diazoxide-resistant focal hyperinsulinism due to Kir6.2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019334 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive hyperinsulinism due to Kir6.2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017187 biolink:NamedThing diazoxide-resistant focal hyperinsulinism due to SUR1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019333 biolink:NamedThing autosomal recessive hyperinsulinism due to SUR1 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017191 biolink:NamedThing sporadic pheochromocytoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017192 biolink:NamedThing sporadic secreting paraganglioma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017926 biolink:NamedThing multiple paragangliomas associated with polycythemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023833 biolink:NamedThing multifocal choroiditis Multifocal choroiditis (MFC) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by swelling of the eye (called uveitis) and multiple lesions in the choroid, a layer of blood vessels between the white of the eye and the retina. Symptoms include blurry vision, floaters, sensitivity to light, blind spots and mild eye discomfort. Though the cause is unknown, multifocal choroiditis is seen most frequently in women ages 20 to 60, and usually affects both eyes. MFC is generally treated with steroid medication that can be taken orally or injected into the eye. Multifocal choroiditis is a chronic condition, thus symptoms may return or worsen even after successful treatment. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017217 biolink:NamedThing visceral calciphylaxis Visceral calciphylaxis is a rare, life-threatening, non-inflammatory vasculopathy disorder characterized by diffuse precipitation of calcium in viscera (mainly in the heart or lungs, but also in the stomach or kidneys) leading to fibrosis and thrombosis, which eventually cause necrotic ulcerations of the tissue. Patients may present with dyspnea, cough and respiratory failure or acute heart block and subsequent sudden cardiac death, depending on the affected organ. The disease mainly affects patients on dialysis or patients having undergone renal transplantation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017228 biolink:NamedThing autoimmune pancreatitis type 2 Type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis is a form of autoimmune pancreatitis (see this term) affecting both sexes and having a younger age of onset (<60 years) and presenting with abdominal pain, steatorrhea and obstructive jaundice. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017229 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 12p Distal monosomy 12p is a rare partial autosomal monosomy characterized by language development delay with childhood apraxia of speech, mild intellectual disability, behavourial abnormalities (autistic spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety) and mildly dysmorphic nonspecific features. Additional clinical features may include muscular hypotonia and joint laxity, hernias and microcephaly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017781 biolink:NamedThing 12p12.1 microdeletion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017239 biolink:NamedThing familial progressive hyper- and hypopigmentation Familial progressive hyper- and hypopigmentation is a rare, genetic, skin pigmentation anomaly disorder characterized by progressive, diffuse, partly blotchy, hyperpigmented lesions that are intermixed with multiple café-au-lait spots, hypopigmented maculae and lentigines and are located on the face, neck, trunk and limbs, as well as, frequently, the palms, soles and oral mucosa. Dispigmentation pattern can range from well isolated café-au-lait/hypopigmented patches on a background of normal-appearing skin to confetti-like or mottled appearance. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017243 biolink:NamedThing bullous diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis Bullous diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (BDCM) is a form of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (DCM) characterized by generalized erythroderma and severe blistering associated with the accumulation of mast cells in the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019315 biolink:NamedThing diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (DCM) is a rare form of cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) characterized by generalized erythroderma, various degrees of blistering, skin with a ''peau d'orange'' appearance and the accumulation of mast cells in the skin. At least two DCM variants are recognized, one with extreme blistering (Bullous DCM) and one with infiltrations (Pseudoxanthomatous DCM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017244 biolink:NamedThing pseudoxanthomatous diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis Pseudoxanthomatous diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (PDCM) is a rare form of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (DCM) characterized by yellow-orange infiltrated and xanthogranuloma-like lesions with only limited blistering. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017245 biolink:NamedThing intralobar congenital pulmonary sequestration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017246 biolink:NamedThing extralobar congenital pulmonary sequestration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017247 biolink:NamedThing communicating congenital bronchopulmonary-foregut malformation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017248 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary airway malformation type 0 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017249 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary airway malformation type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017250 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary airway malformation type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017251 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary airway malformation type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017252 biolink:NamedThing congenital pulmonary airway malformation type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100212 biolink:NamedThing IFAP syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017289 biolink:NamedThing fetal lung interstitial tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020555 biolink:NamedThing pleuropulmonary blastoma type 1 A pleuropulmonary blastoma composed of malignant small cells. Sarcomatous features are absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020556 biolink:NamedThing pleuropulmonary blastoma type 2 A pleuropulmonary blastoma composed of malignant small cells and characterized by the presence of a sarcomatous component. It usually follows an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020557 biolink:NamedThing pleuropulmonary blastoma type 3 A pleuropulmonary blastoma characterized by a solid pattern and sarcomatous features. It usually follows an aggressive clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017758 biolink:NamedThing disorder of vitamin and non-protein cofactor absorption and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017334 biolink:NamedThing 12q15q21.1 microdeletion syndrome 12q15q21.1 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 12, with a highly variable phenotype, typically characterized by developmental delay, learning disability, intra-uterine and postnatal growth retardation, and mild facial dysmorphism that changes with age. Nasal speech and hypothyroidism are also associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019784 biolink:NamedThing 12q14 microdeletion syndrome 12q14 microdeletion syndrome is characterised by mild intellectual deficit, failure to thrive, short stature and osteopoikilosis. It has been described in four unrelated patients. The syndrome appears to be caused by a heterozygous deletion at chromosome region 12q14, which was detected in three of the four patients. The deleted region contains the LEMD3 gene: mutations in this gene have already been implicated in osteopoikilosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019897 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 12q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019900 biolink:NamedThing non-distal monosomy 12q DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019885 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 11q Distal trisomy 11q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 11, with high phenotypic variability principally characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism (brachycephaly/plagiocephaly, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears, short philtrum, micrognathia) and intellectual disability. Short stature and seizures, as well as cardiac (e.g. atrial septal defect), skeletal (incl. brachy/syndactyly) and genital (e.g. micropenis, cryptorchidism) abnormalities may also be associated. Neurodevelopmental anomalies (pain insensitivity, sensorineural hearing loss, expressive language deficiency) and neuropsychiatric disorders (autistic features, auditory hallucination, self-talking) have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017360 biolink:NamedThing vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia type mut0 Vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia type mut0 is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by recurrent ketoacidotic comas or transient vomiting, dehydration, hypotonia and intellectual deficit, which does not respond to administration of vitamin B12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019267 biolink:NamedThing vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia type mut- Vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia type mut- is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by recurrent ketoacidotic comas or transient vomiting, dehydration, hypotonia and intellectual deficit, which does not respond to administration of vitamin B12. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017365 biolink:NamedThing hereditary acrokeratotic poikiloderma, Weary type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017382 biolink:NamedThing familial clubfoot due to 5q31 microdeletion DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017399 biolink:NamedThing frontotemporal dementia, right temporal atrophy variant Right temporal lobar atrophy (RTLA) is an anatomic variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), characterized by behavioral dysfunction, personality changes, episodic memory loss, and prosopagnosia; attributable to an asymmetrical predominantly right-sided, frontotemporal atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017404 biolink:NamedThing distal Xq28 microduplication syndrome Distal Xq28 microduplication syndrome is a rare, hereditary, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by cognitive impairment, behavioral and psychiatric problems, recurrent infections, atopic diseases, and distinctive facial features in males. Females are clinically asymptomatic or mildly affected, presenting mild learning difficulties and facial dysmorphism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017437 biolink:NamedThing amelia of upper limb A non-syndromic amelia that involves the forelimb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017438 biolink:NamedThing amelia of lower limb A non-syndromic amelia that involves the hindlimb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017439 biolink:NamedThing tetra-amelia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017441 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of upper arm and forearm with hand present A congenital malformation in which the upper portion of a limb is either shortened or absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017442 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of thigh and lower leg with foot present DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017447 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence/hypoplasia of thumb Congenital absence/hypoplasia of thumb is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by underdevelopment of the thumb, ranging from a slight decrease in thumb size to complete absence of the thumb. The malformation may occur isolated, combined to other defects of the hand or upper limb, or as part of a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017462 biolink:NamedThing congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia A condition characterized by non-union of the tibia, which is present at birth. It is usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017463 biolink:NamedThing congenital pseudoarthrosis of the femur DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017464 biolink:NamedThing congenital pseudoarthrosis of the fibula DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017465 biolink:NamedThing congenital pseudoarthrosis of the radius DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017466 biolink:NamedThing congenital pseudoarthrosis of the ulna DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017468 biolink:NamedThing congenital shoulder dislocation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017469 biolink:NamedThing congenital elbow dislocation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017470 biolink:NamedThing congenital knee dislocation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017471 biolink:NamedThing congenital patella dislocation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017472 biolink:NamedThing patella aplasia/hypoplasia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017473 biolink:NamedThing patella aplasia/hypoplasia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017474 biolink:NamedThing macrodactyly of fingers DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017475 biolink:NamedThing macrodactyly of toes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017476 biolink:NamedThing upper limb hypertrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017477 biolink:NamedThing lower limb hypertrophy Lower limb hypertrophy is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by uni- or bilateral overgrowth of lower limbs involving bones and/or soft tissues and resulting in an abnormal increase in leg length and/or width. Hypertrophy presents either as a proportionate overgrowth of entire limb or involves only the proximal or distal parts of it. Phenotype ranges from mild hypertrophy without functional disability to massively hypertrophied limb with knee flexion and ankle equinus contractures and macrodystrophia lipomatosa. Patients may also present vascular abnormalities (e.g. cutaneous angiomas, varicose veins) and myalgia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017478 biolink:NamedThing amelia of upper limb, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017479 biolink:NamedThing amelia of upper limb, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017480 biolink:NamedThing amelia of lower limb, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017481 biolink:NamedThing amelia of lower limb, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017482 biolink:NamedThing humeral agenesis/hypoplasia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017483 biolink:NamedThing humeral agenesis/hypoplasia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017484 biolink:NamedThing femoral agenesis/hypoplasia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017485 biolink:NamedThing femoral agenesis/hypoplasia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017486 biolink:NamedThing radial hemimelia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017487 biolink:NamedThing radial hemimelia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017488 biolink:NamedThing ulnar hemimelia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017489 biolink:NamedThing ulnar hemimelia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017490 biolink:NamedThing tibial hemimelia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017491 biolink:NamedThing tibial hemimelia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017492 biolink:NamedThing fibular hemimelia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017493 biolink:NamedThing fibular hemimelia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017496 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of thigh and lower leg with foot present, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017497 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of thigh and lower leg with foot present, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017498 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of both forearm and hand, unilateral Congenital absence of both forearm and hand, unilateral is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by a unilateral, transverse absence of the radius and ulna (of varying terminal lengths), as well as all the elements composing the hand. Left or right side may be involved. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017499 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of both forearm and hand, bilateral Congenital absence of both forearm and hand, bilateral is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by a bilateral, transverse absence of the radius and ulna (of varying terminal lengths), as well as all the elements composing the hand. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017500 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of both lower leg and foot, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017501 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence of both lower leg and foot, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017502 biolink:NamedThing acheiria, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017503 biolink:NamedThing acheiria, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017504 biolink:NamedThing apodia, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017505 biolink:NamedThing apodia, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017506 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence/hypoplasia of thumb, unilateral Congenital absence/hypoplasia of thumb, unilateral is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by the unilateral underdevelopment of the thumb, ranging from a slight decrease in thumb size to complete absence of the thumb. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017507 biolink:NamedThing congenital absence/hypoplasia of thumb, bilateral Congenital absence/hypoplasia of thumb, bilateral is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by bilateral underdevelopment of the thumbs, ranging from a slight decrease in thumb size to complete absence of the thumbs. This anomaly counts for 20-60% of thumb hypoplasias. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017509 biolink:NamedThing adactyly of foot, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017510 biolink:NamedThing adactyly of foot, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017511 biolink:NamedThing split hand, unilateral Split hand, unilateral is a rare, non-syndromic limb reduction defect, clinically and genetically heterogeneous, characterized by unilateral underdevelopment or absence of the central rays of the autopod, with absence of all, or just some, of the central phalanges and at least part of the associated metacarpal bones, yielding a cleft appearance of the hand. It is frequently associated with syndactyly and aplasia/hypoplasia of remaining digits and metacarpal bones. No other dysmorphic features are observed and development is appropriate for age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017512 biolink:NamedThing split hand, bilateral Split hand, bilateral is a rare, non-syndromic limb reduction defect, clinically and genetically heterogeneous, characterized by bilateral underdevelopment or absence of the central rays of the autopod, with absence of all, or just some, of the central phalanges and at least part of the associated metacarpal bones, yielding a cleft appearance of the hand. It is frequently associated with syndactyly and aplasia/hypoplasia of remaining digits and metacarpal bones. No other dysmorphic features are observed and development is appropriate for age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017513 biolink:NamedThing split foot, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017514 biolink:NamedThing split foot, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017515 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly of fingers, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017516 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly of fingers, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017517 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly of toes, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017518 biolink:NamedThing brachydactyly of toes, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017519 biolink:NamedThing symbrachydactyly of hand and foot, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017520 biolink:NamedThing symbrachydactyly of hand and foot, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017521 biolink:NamedThing hyperphalangy, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017522 biolink:NamedThing hyperphalangy, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017523 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of a biphalangeal thumb, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017524 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of a biphalangeal thumb, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017525 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of a triphalangeal thumb, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017526 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of a triphalangeal thumb, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017527 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of an index finger, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017528 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly of an index finger, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017529 biolink:NamedThing polysyndactyly, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017530 biolink:NamedThing polysyndactyly, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017533 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly type B, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019674 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly type B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017534 biolink:NamedThing postaxial polydactyly type B, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017535 biolink:NamedThing central polydactyly of fingers, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017536 biolink:NamedThing central polydactyly of fingers, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017537 biolink:NamedThing Preaxial polydactyly of toes, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017538 biolink:NamedThing Preaxial polydactyly of toes, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017546 biolink:NamedThing congenital vertical talus, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017547 biolink:NamedThing congenital vertical talus, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017548 biolink:NamedThing humero-radio-ulnar synostosis, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017549 biolink:NamedThing humero-radio-ulnar synostosis, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017552 biolink:NamedThing humero-ulnar synostosis, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017553 biolink:NamedThing humero-ulnar synostosis, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017556 biolink:NamedThing Madelung deformity, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017557 biolink:NamedThing Madelung deformity, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017558 biolink:NamedThing congenital elbow dislocation, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017559 biolink:NamedThing congenital elbow dislocation, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017560 biolink:NamedThing congenital genu recurvatum An abnormal alignment of the knee backwards that is due to a deformity in the knee joint. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017561 biolink:NamedThing congenital genu flexum DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017562 biolink:NamedThing congenital patella dislocation, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017563 biolink:NamedThing congenital patella dislocation, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017564 biolink:NamedThing macrodactyly of fingers, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017565 biolink:NamedThing macrodactyly of fingers, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017566 biolink:NamedThing macrodactyly of toes, unilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017567 biolink:NamedThing macrodactyly of toes, bilateral DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020326 biolink:NamedThing lymphomatoid papulosis Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a rare cutaneous condition characterized by chronic, recurrent, and self-regressing papulonodular skin eruptions. It belongs to the spectrum of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders, along with primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (primary C-ALCL) with which it shares overlapping clinical and histopathologic features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017618 biolink:NamedThing congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency with starch intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017619 biolink:NamedThing congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency with minimal starch tolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017620 biolink:NamedThing congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency without starch intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017621 biolink:NamedThing congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency with starch and lactose intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017622 biolink:NamedThing congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency without sucrose intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023250 biolink:NamedThing global disaccharide intolerance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850088 biolink:NamedThing EGF-related primary hypomagnesemia with intellectual disability DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017659 biolink:NamedThing sporadic hyperekplexia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017694 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, infantile onset Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, infantile onset is the most severe form of glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, characterized by cardiomegaly with respiratory distress, muscle weakness and feeding difficulties. It is often fatal. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018485 biolink:NamedThing glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, late-onset Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, late onset (AMDL), a form of Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency (AMD), a degenerative metabolic myopathy particularly affecting respiratory and skeletal muscles, is characterized by an accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017703 biolink:NamedThing disorder of glyoxylate metabolism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100257 biolink:NamedThing peroxisomal single enzyme/protein defect Any peroxisomal disease in which the cause of the disease is a defect in a single enyme or protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100277 biolink:NamedThing disorder of peroxisomal alpha oxidation Any peroxisomal single enzyme/protein defect that has its basis in the disruption of peroxisomal alpha oxidatiion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100304 biolink:NamedThing disorder of bile acid aminotransferase Any peroxisomal single enzyme/protein defect that has its basis in the disruption of bile acid aminotransferase. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017710 biolink:NamedThing congenital systemic veins anomaly DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017711 biolink:NamedThing pancreatic colipase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017712 biolink:NamedThing combined pancreatic lipase-colipase deficiency A disorder of lipid absorption and transport characterized by steatorrhea with foul-smelling stools from birth, diminished serum carotene and vitamin E and a combined deficiency of the pancreatic enzymes lipase and colipase. Patients are otherwise healthy and develop normally with no apparent pancreatic disease. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1990. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017721 biolink:NamedThing Sandhoff disease, infantile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017722 biolink:NamedThing Sandhoff disease, juvenile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017723 biolink:NamedThing Sandhoff disease, adult form A Sandhoff disease that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017724 biolink:NamedThing Tay-Sachs disease, b variant, infantile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017725 biolink:NamedThing Tay-Sachs disease, b variant, juvenile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017726 biolink:NamedThing Tay-Sachs disease, b variant, adult form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017728 biolink:NamedThing Tay-Sachs disease, B1 variant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017729 biolink:NamedThing metachromatic leukodystrophy, late infantile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017730 biolink:NamedThing metachromatic leukodystrophy, adult form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017732 biolink:NamedThing alpha-mannosidosis, infantile form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017733 biolink:NamedThing alpha-mannosidosis, adult form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017761 biolink:NamedThing disorder of mineral absorption and transport DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017765 biolink:NamedThing disorder of magnesium transport An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of magnesium ion transport. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017776 biolink:NamedThing nocardiosis Nocardiosis is a local (skin, lung, brain) or disseminated (whole body) acute, subacute, or chronic bacterial infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019440 biolink:NamedThing wild type ABeta2M amyloidosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017815 biolink:NamedThing acquired porencephaly An instance of porencephaly that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017816 biolink:NamedThing primary systemic amyloidosis Primary systemic amyloidosis (PSA) is a form of AL amyloidosis caused by the aggregation and deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils derived from misfolded monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains usually produced by a plasma cell tumor and characterized by multiple organ involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017817 biolink:NamedThing primary localized amyloidosis Primary localized amyloidosis is a form of AL amyloidosis caused by the aggregation of insoluble amyloid fibrils derived from misfolded monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains usually produced by a plasma cell tumor and characterized by localized amyloid deposition with clinical manifestations restricted to the organ involved, most frequently urinary tract (bladder), eye, respiratory tract (larynx, lungs), and skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017819 biolink:NamedThing atypical dentin dysplasia due to SMOC2 deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017823 biolink:NamedThing somatomammotropinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017825 biolink:NamedThing silent pituitary adenoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017826 biolink:NamedThing null pituitary adenoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017830 biolink:NamedThing severe Canavan disease Severe Canavan disease (CD) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder characterized by leukodystrophy with macrocephaly, severe developmental delay and hypotonia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017831 biolink:NamedThing mild Canavan disease Mild Canavan disease (CD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by mild speech delay or motor development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017835 biolink:NamedThing lymphocytic hypereosinophilic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017839 biolink:NamedThing classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, salt wasting form The salt wasting form of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (classical 21 OHD CAH) is characterized by virilization of the external genitalia in females, hypocortisolism, precocious pseudopuberty and renal salt loss due to aldosterone deficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017840 biolink:NamedThing classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, simple virilizing form The simple virilizing form of classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (classical 21 OHD CAH) is characterized by genital ambiguity and virilization of the external genitalia in females, hypocortisolism and precocious pseudopuberty without salt-wasting. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017850 biolink:NamedThing sirenomelia Sirenomelia is a rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by fusion of the lower limbs and associated with some degree of lower extremity reduction and persistent vitelline artery. Patients also present severe malformations of the musculoskeletal system (e.g. sacral agenesis), as well as the urogenital and lower gastrointestinal tracts (e.g. renal agenesis, absent bladder, rectal/anal atresia, and absent internal genitalia). Most cases are stillborn, or die during, or shortly after, birth. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017863 biolink:NamedThing digitalis poisoning Digitalis (digoxin) poisoning is a potentially life-threatening poisoning that provokes conduction disturbances, characterized by increased automaticity and decreased conduction. Acute poisoning presents with the common initial manifestations of nausea and vomiting, cardiovascular manifestations (bradycardia, heart block and a variety of dysrhythmias), central nervous system manifestations (lethargy, confusion and weakness) and hyperkalemia. Chronic poisoning is more insidious, manifesting with gastrointestinal symptoms, altered mental status, and visual disturbances. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020499 biolink:NamedThing Nipah virus disease Nipah virus disease, caused by the Nipah virus, is a recently discovered zoonotic disease characterized by fever, constitutional symptoms and encephalitis, sometimes accompanied by respiratory illness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019608 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of sex development induced by maternal-derived androgen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017963 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of sex development induced by endogenous maternal-derived androgen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017964 biolink:NamedThing 46,XX disorder of sex development induced by exogenous maternal-derived androgen DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017972 biolink:NamedThing classic congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia due to STAR deficency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0017988 biolink:NamedThing multifocal atrial tachycardia Multifocal atrial tachycardia is a rare supraventricular arrhythmia in neonates and young infants that is characterized by multiple P waves with varying P wave morphology and is usually asymptomatic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018685 biolink:NamedThing incessant infant ventricular tachycardia Incessant infant ventricular tachycardia is a rare type of ventricular tachycardia (VT) characterized by the presence of tachycardia originating from the ventricles, observed for more than 10% of a 24 hour monitoring period. Patients are either asymptomatic or present congestive heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020413 biolink:NamedThing encircling double aortic arch Encircling double aortic arch is a very rare congenital anomaly of the great arteries characterized by the presence of two aortic arches (right and left) which encircle and compress the trachea and esophagus, resulting in various respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. harsh breathing, stridor, dyspnea, cyanotic and choking episodes, chronic cough, recurrent respiratory tract infections, dysphagia and reflux). Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula have also been reported. It usually occurs isolated, but, on occasion, may be associated with other congenital heart anomalies and chromosomal aberations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020414 biolink:NamedThing persistent fifth aortic arch DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020415 biolink:NamedThing Kommerell diverticulum Kommerell diverticulum (KD) is a developmental anomaly of the aortic arch characterized by a diverticulum at the proximal descending aorta of left or right arch configuration that gives rise to an aberrant subclavian artery. KD is primarily asymptomatic but may become symptomatic secondary to dilatation of KD, atheroma and fibrotic changes in paratracheal or paraesophageal tissue, presenting with signs of tracheal compression (more common in children), esophageal compression (dysphagia lusoria; more common in patients with a right sided aortic arch), chest pain, or blood pressure difference in the upper limbs. KD may also predispose toward aortic dissection or rupture. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020416 biolink:NamedThing Neuhauser anomaly Neuhauser anomaly is a rare cardiovascular morphological anomaly due to maldevelopment of embryonal aorta resulting in right aortic arch and left ligamentum arteriosum characterized by tracheoesophageal compression symptoms (stridor, dyspnea, dysphagia, apnoeic episodes, recurrent respiratory infections). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020417 biolink:NamedThing right aortic arch An anatomic abnormality that occurs during embryonic development, in which the aortic arch is right-sided. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020418 biolink:NamedThing dysphagia lusoria DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018004 biolink:NamedThing acute megakaryoblastic leukemia without down syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020526 biolink:NamedThing acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018026 biolink:NamedThing tetraploidy syndrome The presence of four sets of chromosomes. It is associated with abnormalities, multiple; and miscarrages. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022991 biolink:NamedThing diploid-triploid mosaicism Diploid-triploid mosaicism is a chromosome disorder. Individuals with diploid-triploid syndrome have some cells with three copies of each chromosome for a total of 69 chromosomes (called triploid cells) and some cells with the usual 2 copies of each chromosome for a total of 46 chromosomes (called diploid cells). Having two or more different cell types is called mosaicism. Diploid-triploid mosaicism can be associated withtruncal obesity, body/facial asymmetry, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), delays in growth,mild differences infacial features, fusion or webbing between some of the fingers and/or toes (syndactyly) and irregularities in the skin pigmentation. Intellectual disabilities may be present but are highly variable from person to person ranging from mild to more severe. The chromosome disorder is usually not present in the blood; a skin biopsy, or analyzing cells in the urine is needed to detect the triploid cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021133 biolink:NamedThing acquired factor XIII deficiency An acquired coagulation disorder due to reduced levels and activity of factor XIII. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019555 biolink:NamedThing panniculitis and localized lipodystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019561 biolink:NamedThing lupus erythematosus panniculitis A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on the head, face, or upper arms. It is generally chronic and occurs most often in women between the ages of 20 and 45. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700020 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 13 disorder Chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 13 is affected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022178 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 13q-mosaicism DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018141 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, infantile form Infantile pyruvate carboxylase (PC) deficiency (Type A) is a rare, severe form of PC deficiency characterized by infantile-onset, mild to moderate lactic acidemia, and a generally severe course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018142 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, severe neonatal type Severe neonatal pyruvate carboxylase (PC) deficiency (Type B) is a rare, extremely severe form of PC deficiency characterized by severe, early-onset metabolic acidosis, and a generally fatal outcome in early infancy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018143 biolink:NamedThing pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, benign type Benign pyruvate carboxylase (PC) deficiency (Type C) is a rare, very mild form of PC deficiency characterized by episodic metabolic acidosis and normal or mildly delayed neurological development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018167 biolink:NamedThing primary essential cutis verticis gyrata Primary essential cutis verticis gyrata is a rare, progressive dermis disorder characterized by thickening of the scalp resulting in redundancy of the skin which gives rise to folds and grooves that give the scalp a cerebriform appearance. Folds cannot be corrected by pressure or traction and typically are symmetric and extend anteroposteriorly from vertex to occiput and/or transversely in occipital region. Additional features may include mild subungual hyperkeratosis and distal onycholysis of the nail plates of the great toes. It is not associated with neurological and ophthalmological changes, nor with secondary causes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018168 biolink:NamedThing primary non-essential cutis verticis gyrata DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022912 biolink:NamedThing cutis verticis gyrata mental deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020540 biolink:NamedThing ovarian gynandroblastoma A rare neoplasm arising from the ovary. Although it may occur at any age, it is more often seen in young females. Morphologically, it is characterized by a mixture of two cellular populations: well differentiated Sertoli cells and granulosa cells, with the latter constituting at least ten percent of the neoplasm. The vast majority of cases are stage I lesions at presentation and produce either estrogenic or androgenic manifestations. Although it may present as a massive ovarian tumor, it usually follows a benign clinical course. Very rare case reports of testicular lesions morphologically resembling gynandroblastomas are in fact variants of juvenile granulose cell tumor, or Sertoli cell tumor, or a combination of both. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020807 biolink:NamedThing ovarian sertoli-stromal cell tumor A sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the ovary and is composed entirely of, or in various combinations of, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and fibroblast-like cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018180 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcal scarlet fever DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020545 biolink:NamedThing staphylococcal toxic-shock syndrome Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (staphylococcal TSS) is an acute disease mediated by the production of superantigenic toxins, characterized by high fever, skin rash followed by skin peeling, hypotension, vomiting, diarrhea and potentially leading to multisystem organ failure and caused by a Staphylococcus aureus bacterial infection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019888 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 20q Distal trisomy 20q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 20, with high phenotypic variability mostly characterized by neurodevelopmental delay, cardiac malformations (e.g. ventricular septal defect, coarctation of aorta) and facial dysmorphism (incl. large/high forehead, microphthalmia, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, large, long, low-set ears, anteverted nares, protruding upper lip, cleft lip/palate, micro/retrognathia, dimpled chin). Skeletal (brachydactyly, scoliosis, pectus excavatum) and cerebral anomalies have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018209 biolink:NamedThing Alexander disease type I Alexander disease type I (AxD type I) is an astrogliopathy and the most severe and common form of Alexander disease (AxD), presenting before the age of 4 and characterized by seizures, megalencephaly and developmental delay with progressive deterioration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018210 biolink:NamedThing Alexander disease type II Alexander disease type II (AxD type II) is an astrogliopathy and a form of Alexander disease (AxD) characterized by ataxia, bulbar symptoms, spastic paraparesis, palatal myoclonus, and autonomic symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018217 biolink:NamedThing Koolen-de Vries syndrome due to a point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018890 biolink:NamedThing Lyell syndrome Lyell syndrome is an extended form of toxic epidermal necrolysis characterized by destruction and detachment of the skin epithelium and mucous membranes involving more than 30% of the body surface area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044739 biolink:NamedThing Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis overlap syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019802 biolink:NamedThing secondary short bowel syndrome Secondary short bowel syndrome is an intestinal failure caused by any condition that results in a functional small intestine of less than 200 cm in length and is characterized by diarrhea, nutrient malabsoption, bowel dilation and dysmobility. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100276 biolink:NamedThing disorder of defective peroxisomal and mitochondrial fission A disease that has its basis in the disruption of peroxisome and mitochondrial fission. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020509 biolink:NamedThing secondary syringomyelia Secondary syringomyelia is a rare medullar disease defined as a development of a fluid-filled cavity or syrinx within the spinal cord due to blockage of CSF circulation (e.g., due to basal archnoiditis, meningeal carcinomatosis, various mass lesions), spinal cord injury (e.g., due to trauma, radiation necrosis, hemorrhage, spinal abscess), spinal dysraphism or intramedullary tumours. It presents with neuropathic pain, numbness, muscular weakness, changes in tone or spasticity or autonomic changes (hyperhidrosis, heart rate or blood pressure instability). Selective loss of pain and temperature with relative preservation of dorsal column function (touch and pressure) are classic findings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018322 biolink:NamedThing HSD10 disease, infantile type HSD10 disease, infantile type is a clinical subtype of HSD10 disease, a rare neurometabolic disorder. It is characterized by normal early development until 6-18 months of life, followed by progressive neurodegeneration manifesting with developmental regression, progressive visual and hearing troubles, seizures, epilepsy, severe cardiomyopathy, lethargy, hypotonia, poor feeding, choreoathetosis, and movement disorders. Elevated blood levels of isoleucine metabolites and their excretion in urine are reported. The disease is usually fatal around 2-4 years of age. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018323 biolink:NamedThing HSD10 disease, neonatal type HSD10 disease, neonatal type is the most severe form of HSD10 disease, a rare neurometabolic disorder. It is characterized by onset of severe metabolic/lactic acidosis, neurological and psychomotor delay, seizures and severe progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the neonatal period. Hepatic involvement and coagulopathy are rare. The disease is fatal within the first months of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0037149 biolink:NamedThing HSD10 disease, atypical type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018357 biolink:NamedThing neonatal antiphospholipid syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018332 biolink:NamedThing multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, severe neonatal type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018333 biolink:NamedThing multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, mild type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700073 biolink:NamedThing glutaric acidemia IIa Any multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ETFA gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700074 biolink:NamedThing glutaric acidemia IIb Any multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ETFB gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700076 biolink:NamedThing glutaric acidemia IIc Any multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ETFDH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018408 biolink:NamedThing cystic echinococcosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018456 biolink:NamedThing polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019436 biolink:NamedThing psoriasis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis Childhood arthritis typically associated with psoriasis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019437 biolink:NamedThing enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis Enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis that is characterized by both arthritis and inflammation of an enthesitis site (the point at which a ligament, tendon, or joint capsule attaches to the bone). Signs and symptoms generally develop in late childhood or early adolescence and include pain, tenderness, and swelling in joints and at the enthesis. The knee and the back of the ankle (at the Achilles tendon) are the most commonly affected parts of the body. The underlying cause of enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis is currently unknown (idiopathic). It is very rare for more than one member of a family to have juvenile arthritis; however, research suggests that having a family member with juvenile arthritis or any autoimmune disease may increase the risk of having juvenile arthritis, in general. Treatment usually involves different types of medications to help manage symptoms and/or physical therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019607 biolink:NamedThing unspecified juvenile idiopathic arthritis Unspecified juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a rare, pediatric, rheumatologic disease, a subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) characterized by arthritis of an unknown cause that persists for at least 6 weeks, and does not fulfill the criteria for any of the other JIA subtypes, or fulfills criteria for more than one of the other subtypes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018461 biolink:NamedThing Angelman syndrome due to a point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018462 biolink:NamedThing Angelman syndrome due to imprinting defect in 15q11-q13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018463 biolink:NamedThing mild phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity Mild phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase superactivity is the mild and late-onset form of PRPP synthetase superactivity, an X-linked disorder of purine metabolism associated with hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria, leading to urolithiasis and gout. This form is not associated with any neuropathy or central nervous system (CNS) disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018464 biolink:NamedThing severe phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity Severe phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase superactivity is the severe and early-onset form of PRPP synthetase superactivity, an X-linked disorder of purine metabolism associated with hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria, that is characterized by urolithiasis, gout and neurodevelopmental anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018471 biolink:NamedThing generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma (GEKA) is rare variant of keratoacanthoma (KA) that affects the skin and mucous membranes and which is characterized by a sudden generalized eruption of severely pruritic, hundreds to thousands of small follicular papules, often with a central keratotic plug. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018472 biolink:NamedThing familial isolated trichomegaly Familial isolated trichomegaly is a rare genetic hair anomaly characterized by a prolonged anagen phase of the eyelash hairs, leading to extreme eyelash growth that may result in corneal irritation. Increased growth of hair on other parts of the face (eyebrows, cheeks, forehead) and/or the body (chest, arms, legs) may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018498 biolink:NamedThing double outlet right ventricle with subaortic or doubly committed ventricular septal defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018499 biolink:NamedThing double outlet right ventricle with atrioventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, heterotaxy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020386 biolink:NamedThing double outlet right ventricle with subaortic or doubly committed ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020387 biolink:NamedThing double outlet right ventricle with subpulmonary ventricular septal defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020388 biolink:NamedThing double outlet right ventricle with non-committed subpulmonary ventricular septal defect DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018551 biolink:NamedThing patent urachus Patent urachus is a type of congenital urachal anomaly characterized by a persistent communication between the bladder and the umbilicus, secondary to non occlusion of the urachal lumen, manifesting as clear drainage from the umbilicus. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018552 biolink:NamedThing urachal sinus Urachal sinus is a type of congenital urachal anomaly resulting from the failure of the umbilical end of the urachus to close, without continuity to the bladder, and that is usually asymptomatic but can present with continuous cloudy umbilical discharge, tender midline infraumbilical mass and fever when infected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018553 biolink:NamedThing urachal diverticulum Urachal diverticulum is the rarest type of congenital urachal anomaly resulting from the failure of the distal urachus to close at its point of connectivity to the bladder that is usually asymptomatic but can be associated with recurrent urinary tract infections and other complications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018844 biolink:NamedThing urachal cyst Urachal cyst is a congenital urachal anomaly characterized by a failure of complete closure of the urachus, in which both ends are closed but the central lumen remains patent. It is typically asymptomatic but may become clinically significant when infected, presenting as a mass in the umbilical region accompanied by abdominal pain and fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018581 biolink:NamedThing progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018625 biolink:NamedThing classic stiff person syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018629 biolink:NamedThing focal stiff limb syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018592 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN) is a rare limited form of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), characterized by cutaneous vasculitis and mild and transient extracutaneous manifestations such as mild arthralgia, arthritis,myalgia, and rarely peripheral neuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018593 biolink:NamedThing primary polyarteritis nodosa DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018595 biolink:NamedThing single-organ polyarteritis nodosa Single-organ polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare, often mild form of PAN characterized by limited disease without generalized manifestations, most often affecting the skin (cutaneous PAN), the brain, eyes, pancreas, testicles, ureter, breasts, or ovaries. Affected patients are often younger than those with systemic PAN and relapses appear to be more common. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018596 biolink:NamedThing systemic polyarteritis nodosa Systemic polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a chronic systemic necrotizingvasculitis of adults and childrenaffecting small- and medium-sized vessels and characterized by formation of microaneurysms leading to serious generalized disease and multi-organ involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018594 biolink:NamedThing secondary polyarteritis nodosa Secondary polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare serious form of PAN characterized by vasculitis in a background of viral infection, primarily with hepatitis B virus (HBV). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018611 biolink:NamedThing early-onset lamellar cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020378 biolink:NamedThing early-onset posterior polar cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044013 biolink:NamedThing puerperal disorder Disorders or diseases associated with puerperium, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after parturition in humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018670 biolink:NamedThing symptomatic form of fragile X syndrome in female carrier DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023178 biolink:NamedThing fragile X syndrome type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023179 biolink:NamedThing fragile X syndrome type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023180 biolink:NamedThing fragile X syndrome type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019807 biolink:NamedThing mesocardia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018708 biolink:NamedThing squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018740 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced methemoglobinemia Methemoglobinemia that is caused by exposure to certain drugs (xylocaine and benzene). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019823 biolink:NamedThing premature closure of the arterial duct Premature closure of the arterial duct is a rare arterial duct anomaly, defined as a significant constriction or closure of the fetal arterial duct in the absence of structural heart defects with pathognomonic features of increased right ventricular afterload, tricuspid regurgitation and, consequently, right atrial dilation and right ventricular hypertrophy. The severity of symptoms is related to the degree and rate of ductal constriction and ranges from mild postnatal respiratory distress to development of ventricular failure with fetal hydrops and intrauterine death or severe cardiopulmonary compromise in the postnatal period. It may be associated with a prenatal exposure to cyclooxygenase inhibitors or corticosteroids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020412 biolink:NamedThing congenital patent ductus arteriosus aneurysm Congenital patent ductus arteriosus aneurysm is a rare, congenital, arterial duct anomaly characterized by a saccular dilatation of the ductus arteriosus. It is often asymptomatic or presents shortly after birth with respiratory distress, stridor, cyanosis and/or weak cry. Complications, such as rupture, thromboembolism, infection, airway erosion and/or compression of the adjacent thoracic structures, can develop. Spontaneous resolution has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018767 biolink:NamedThing severe primary trimethylaminuria Any trimethylaminuria in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FMO3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100041 biolink:NamedThing secondary trimethylaminuria A type of trimethylaminuria that occurs as the result of treatment with large doses of dietary precursors of the offending chemical. Symptoms develop when the ability of the liver enzyme (flavin-containing monooxygenase 3) is insufficient to break down (metabolize) the excess trimethylamine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018811 biolink:NamedThing congenital portosystemic shunt Congenital portosystemic shunt is a rare, congenital anomaly of the great veins characterized by an abnormal communication between one or more veins of the portal and the caval systems, resulting in complete or partial diversion of the portal blood away from the liver to the systemic circulation. Clinical manifestations include liver atrophy, hypergalactosemia without uridine diphosphate enzyme deficiency, hyperammonemia, encephalopathy (resulting in learning disabilities, extreme fatigability and seizures), pulmonary hypertension, hypoxemia from hepatopulmonary syndrome and benign or malignant tumours. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019829 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of superior vena cava DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019830 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of the inferior vena cava DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019831 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of the coronary sinus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019836 biolink:NamedThing congenital anomaly of hepatic vein DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018826 biolink:NamedThing Lewis-Sumner syndrome A rare acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy characterized by asymmetrical distal weakness of the upper or lower extremities and motor dysfunction with adult onset. It is considered to be a variant of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020789 biolink:NamedThing pseudo-TORCH syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030044 biolink:NamedThing pseudo-TORCH syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018839 biolink:NamedThing acquired schizencephaly An instance of schizencephaly that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030941 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032801 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033010 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033012 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033013 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033014 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033015 biolink:NamedThing erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018877 biolink:NamedThing retinitis punctata albescens DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0018922 biolink:NamedThing cold agglutinin disease Cold agglutinin disease is a type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia defined by the presence of cold autoantibodies (autoantibodies which are active at temperatures below 30B0C). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019533 biolink:NamedThing paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) is a very rare subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), caused by the presence of cold-reacting autoantibodies in the blood and characterized by the sudden presence of hemoglobinuria, typically after exposure to cold temperatures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043219 biolink:NamedThing migraine with brainstem aura A migraine disorder characterized by episodes that are preceded by focal neurological symptoms originating in the brainstem. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020384 biolink:NamedThing Niemann-Pick disease type E Niemann-Pick disease, type E is a poorly defined adult-onset and non-neuronopathic form of Niemann-Pick disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850058 biolink:NamedThing chronic neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019067 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) is a kidney disease defined by selective proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and, on renal biopsy, minimal changes without immunoglobulin deposits. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019401 biolink:NamedThing sporadic idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome Steroid-resistant, sporadic idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, is a heterogeneous entity. Nephrotic syndrome is characterised by marked proteinuria, with reduced plasmatic levels of albumin, and potentially with oedema. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035459 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic multidrug-resistant nephrotic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035460 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with sensitivity to second-line immunosuppressive therapy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044781 biolink:NamedThing nephrotic syndrome of childhood - steroid sensitive Nephrotic syndrome, occurring in the pediatric population, characterized by the normalization of proteinuria with the administration of corticosteroids. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019013 biolink:NamedThing non-histaminic angioedema Angioedema is characterized by the occurrence of transitory and recurrent subcutaneous and/or submucosal edemas resulting in swelling and/or abdominal pain. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023660 biolink:NamedThing angioedema, hereditary, 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025712 biolink:NamedThing angioedema, hereditary, 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025713 biolink:NamedThing angioedema, hereditary, 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030293 biolink:NamedThing angioedema, hereditary, 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030298 biolink:NamedThing angioedema, hereditary, 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035734 biolink:NamedThing hereditary angioedema with normal C1inh not related to F12 or PLG variant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019025 biolink:NamedThing extracutaneous mastocytoma A localized tumor consisting of mature mast cells. (WHO, 2001) -- 2003 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020332 biolink:NamedThing systemic mastocytosis with an associated clonal hematologic non-mast cell lineage disease Systemic mastocytosis with an associated clonal hematological non-mast cell lineage disease is a form of systemic mastocytosis (SM) associated with malignancy (other than mast cell leukemia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019084 biolink:NamedThing radiation proctitis Radiation proctitis is a rare rectal disease directly induced by pelvic radiotherapy and characterized by rectal bleeding, change in bowel habits, tenesmus and sepsis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044791 biolink:NamedThing combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma A rare tumor containing unequivocal elements of both hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma that are intimately admixed. This tumor should be distinguished from separate hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma arising in the same liver. The prognosis of this tumor is poor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020084 biolink:NamedThing lymphoproliferative disease associated with primary immune disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850069 biolink:NamedThing familial hyperinflammatory lymphoproliferative immunodeficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044687 biolink:NamedThing chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044688 biolink:NamedThing isolated optic neuritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044690 biolink:NamedThing optic perineuritis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019123 biolink:NamedThing continuous spikes and waves during sleep Continuous spikes and waves during sleep (CSWS) is a rare epileptic encephalopathy of childhood characterized by seizures, an electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern of electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) and neurocognitive regression in at least 2 domains of development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019149 biolink:NamedThing cholesteryl ester storage disease Cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) is a very rare, late-onset, genetic endocrine disease characterized by deficient or inactive lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) causing lipid build-up, which leads to atherosclerosis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, progressive liver disease, and malabsorption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019643 biolink:NamedThing transient pseudohypoaldosteronism Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism is a renal tubulopathy characterized by renal tubular resistance to aldosterone, characterized by hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia and manifesting as dehydration, secondary to urinary tract malformation and infections in infants. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019168 biolink:NamedThing pyomyositis Pyomyositis (PM) is a rare primary bacterial infection of the skeletal muscle, usually resulting from hematogenous spread or due to muscle injury, and characterized by pain and tenderness in the affected muscle, fever and abscess formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019194 biolink:NamedThing localized lipodystrophy Localised lipodystrophies are characterised by loss of subcutaneous tissue from small regions of the body. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030087 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030088 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030089 biolink:NamedThing diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019310 biolink:NamedThing recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa inversa Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa inversa (RDEB-I) is rare subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) characterized by blisters and erosions which are primarily confined to intertriginous skin sites, the base of the neck, the uppermost back, and the lumbosacral area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019314 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous mastocytoma Cutaneous mastocytoma is a form of cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) generally characterized by the presence of a solitary or multiple hyperpigmented macules, plaques or nodules associated with abnormal accumulation of mast cells in the skin. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019317 biolink:NamedThing follicular atrophoderma-basal cell carcinoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019318 biolink:NamedThing inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019319 biolink:NamedThing verrucous nevus A benign wart-like, pigmented skin lesion appearing on various parts of the body at birth or early in childhood, usually in linear groupings. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019320 biolink:NamedThing acanthokeratolytic verrucous nevus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019322 biolink:NamedThing pemphigus vegetans DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019325 biolink:NamedThing phakomatosis cesioflammea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019326 biolink:NamedThing phakomatosis cesiomarmorata DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019327 biolink:NamedThing phakomatosis spilorosea DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019411 biolink:NamedThing genochondromatosis type 1 Genochondromatosis is characterized by chondromatosis, typically involving the clavicles, upper end of the humerus, and lower end of the femur. Lesions are bilateral and symmetrical. It has been described four patients from the same family and is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Another disorder, genochondromatosis II, shows strong similarities to genochondromatosis but is characterized by the involvement of the short tubular bones and by normal clavicles. It has been described in one unrelated family. Genochondromatosis II may also be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Genochondromatosis has a benign clinical course. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019680 biolink:NamedThing genochondromatosis type 2 Genochondromatosis type 2 is a rare genetic bone development disorder characterized by normal clavicles and symmetrical generalized metaphyseal enchondromas particularly in the distal femur, proximal humerus, and bones of the wrists, hands, and feet. Lesions regress later in life with growth cartilage obliteration. Clinical examination is normal and the course of the disease is benign. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019435 biolink:NamedThing rheumatoid factor-positive polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis defined by the presence of arthritis affecting five or more separate joints during the first six months of disease, with positive serologic testing for rheumatoid factor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019445 biolink:NamedThing trichofolliculoma Trichofolliculoma is a rare benign follicular hamartoma that develops primarily on the face of adults, with a particular predilection for the back of the nose, but also on the neck or scalp. It presents as a solitary hemispheric flesh-colored nodule with a central pore or black dot that may contain a tuft of hair. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020979 biolink:NamedThing pilosebaceous hamartoma A hamartoma characterized by localized pilosebaceous apparatus malformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021183 biolink:NamedThing HTLV-2 infection DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019479 biolink:NamedThing histiocytic sarcoma An aggressive malignant neoplasm with a poor response to therapy, usually presenting as stage III/IV disease. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics similar to those seen in mature histiocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100023 biolink:NamedThing self-limited familial and non-familial neonatal seizures A neonatal/infantile epilepsy sndrome that is characterized by the onset of seizures that start in the in the neonate between day 4 and 7 of life and are often unilateral clonic events that recur and may alternate sides from seizure to seizure. Seizures can be repetitive over hours to days. Seizures remit by 4-6 months of age. A proportion of those affected may have seizures in later life. The child is expected to have normal developmental progress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100024 biolink:NamedThing self-limited familial infantile epilepsy This syndrome is characterized by the onset of seizures between 3 and 20 months of age (peak 6 months). Seizures may be frequent at onset but usually remit within 1 year from the onset. In untreated cases there can be isolated or brief clusters of seizures within the period from onset to remission. A minority of individuals may have epilepsy in later life. Some patients (with PRRT2 mutations) may develop paroxysmal kinesiogenic dyskinesia in later life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100193 biolink:NamedThing chronic liver failure Liver failure that develops slowly and gradually for some time, possibly for years, often as the result of cirrhosis, or malnutrition. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019543 biolink:NamedThing acquired aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage Acquired aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious, life threatening rare neurologic disease characterized by a sudden rupture of an intracranial aneurysm into the subarachnoid space. It usually presents with a sudden, severe, excruciating headache accompanied by nausea, vomiting and syncope. Other features may include focal neurological signs, third and sixth nerve palsies, seizures and cardiac failure. Early complications include rebleeding, hydrocephalus, and seizures. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019552 biolink:NamedThing centrifugal lipodystrophy Centrifugal lipodystrophy is a rare, acquired, localized lipodistrophy characterized by single or, occasionally, multiple, centrifugally progressive, asymptomatic to sometimes mildly tender, hypopigmented, lipoatrophic skin depressions with weakly erymatheous inflammatory borders, typically associated with regional ipsilateral lymph nodes swelling. Lesions typically occur on lower trunk (in particular groin and abdomen region), followed by upper trunk (axilla and neighboring regions) and, rarely, neck and head. It is usually not associated with systemic disease and is typically self-resolving. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019553 biolink:NamedThing drug-induced localized lipodystrophy Drug-induced localized lipodystrophy is a rare, acquired, localized lipodystrophy characterized by the appearance of asymptomatic, well-demarcated, variably sized, depressed, lipoatrophic lesions secondary to subcutaneous, intradermic or intramuscular drug injection, including corticosteroids, insulin, human growth hormone and antibiotics. Skin coloration may vary from white or hypopigmented to reddish, pinkish or violaceous. Epidermal atrophy may be also present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019556 biolink:NamedThing pressure-induced localized lipoatrophy Pressure-induced localized lipoatrophy is a rare, acquired, localized lipodystrophy characterized by band-like, horizontal, asymptomatic, lipoatrophic depressions with clinically normal overlying skin usually involving the anterolateral aspect of the thighs. An identifiable history of the repeated mechanical microtrauma due to occupational or postural habits is present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019558 biolink:NamedThing discoid lupus erythematosus A chronic, autoimmune skin condition that manifests with a red, scaling rash, most often found on the face, ears, and scalp; these lesions often lead to permanent scarring and dyspigmentation. Patients may have lesions with or without other symptoms or antibodies suggestive of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019559 biolink:NamedThing hypertrophic or verrucous lupus erythematosus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019560 biolink:NamedThing lupus erythematosus tumidus Tumid erythematosus lupus is considered a rare type of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) can be divided into acute cutaneous lupus, subacute cutaneous lupus, and chronic cutaneous lupus. Tumid erythematosus lupus is characterized by smooth, non-scarring, pink- to violet-colored pimples (papules)on the skin without any other apparent skin changes, such as scarring. Patients with tumid lupus erythematosus usually do not have other symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus or other types of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. The papules appear on sun-exposed areas of the face, upper back, V area of the neck, trunk, and arms, and more rarely on thighs and legs. They usually affect equally both sides of the body, but may affect only one side. Normally, the papules clear without leaving scars. The treatment is very effective in most cases, and may include sun protection, anti-malarials drugs, local corticosteroids, topical tacrolimus and light therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019567 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classic type, 1 Any Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL5A1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019568 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classic type, 2 Any Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the COL5A2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019578 biolink:NamedThing nodular lichen myxedematosus Nodular lichen myxedematosus is a rare form of localized lichen myxedematosus characterized by the development of skin-coloured mucinous nodules on the limbs and trunk, with mild or absent papular eruption. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019579 biolink:NamedThing discrete papular lichen myxedematosus Discrete papular lichen myxedematosus is a rare chronic, slowly progressive form of localized lichen myxedematosus characterized by the development of a few to multiple small symmetrical skin-coloured mucinous papules on the limbs and trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019580 biolink:NamedThing papular mucinosis of infancy Papular mucinosis of infancy is a rare pediatric non progressive form of localized lichen myxedematosus characterized by the development of firm opalescent mucinous papules on the upper arms and the trunk. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019581 biolink:NamedThing acral persistent papular mucinosis Acral persistent papular mucinosis is a rare chronic form of localized lichen myxedematosus characterized by the development of multiple symmetrical skin-colored mucinous papules exclusively on the extensor surface of the hands and distal forearms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019582 biolink:NamedThing self-healing papular mucinosis Self-healing papular mucinosis is a rare form of localized lichen myxedematosus occurring primarily in children and characterized by the development of mucinous papules on various parts of the body (face, neck, trunk, and limbs) that resolve spontaneously within some weeks to months. Systemic symptoms can be observed such as fever, arthralgias and weakness. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019583 biolink:NamedThing localized lichen myxedematosus with mixed features of different subtypes Localized lichen myxedematosus (LM) with mixed features of different subtypes is a form of atypical lichen myxedematosus, characterized by mixed features of the 5 subtypes of localized LM which are: discrete papular LM, acral persistent papular mucinosis, self-healing papular mucinosis, papular mucinosis of infancy, and nodular LM. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019584 biolink:NamedThing localized lichen myxedematosus with monoclonal gammopathy or systemic symptoms Localized lichen myxedematosus with monoclonal gammopathy or systemic symptoms is a form of atypical lichen myxedematosus, characterized by the appearance of several 2-4 mm erythematous waxy papules confined to a few sites that may be associated with either an immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy in patients with acral persistent papular mucinosis; discrete papular lichen myxedematosus; a scleromyxedema-like involvement, with dysphagia, hoarseness, pulmonary involvement, and carpal tunnel syndrome; myositis without skin sclerosis; or paraproteinemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019585 biolink:NamedThing scleromyxedema without monoclonal gammopathy Scleromyxedema without monoclonal gammopathy is a form of atypical lichen myxedematosus, characterized by a generalized sclerodermoid infiltration of skin studded with multiple, firm papules of 1-3 mm in diameter involving face (leonine appearance), trunk, and limbs, without monoclonal gammopathy. The involvement of the face can be missing and pruritus may be prominent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100322 biolink:NamedThing non-Zellweger spectrum disorder A peroxisome biogenesis disorder which is due to defect in PEX7 or PEX5. This includes rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata due to defect in PEX7 or PEX5, and adult Refsum Disease due to defects in PEX7. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019644 biolink:NamedThing renal dysplasia, unilateral Unilateral renal dysplasia is a form of renal dysplasia (RD), a renal tract malformation in which the development of one kidney is abnormal and incomplete. Unilateral RD can be segmental, and of variable severity, with renal aplasia corresponding to extreme RD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019645 biolink:NamedThing renal dysplasia, bilateral Bilateral renal dysplasia is a form of renal dysplasia (RD), a renal tract malformation in which the development of both kidneys is abnormal and incomplete. Bilateral RD can be segmental, and of variable severity, with renal aplasia corresponding to extreme RD. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019646 biolink:NamedThing unilateral congenital megacalycosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019647 biolink:NamedThing congenital bilateral megacalycosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019649 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome with focal segmental hyalinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019650 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome with minimal change DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019651 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial proliferation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035764 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome with secondary steroid resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019655 biolink:NamedThing sporadic idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with focal segmental hyalinosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019656 biolink:NamedThing sporadic idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019986 biolink:NamedThing sporadic idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with collapsing glomerulopathy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019659 biolink:NamedThing Pfeiffer syndrome type 1 Pfeiffer syndrome type 1 (PS1) is a mild to moderately severe type of Pfeiffer syndrome (PS), characterized by bicoronal craniosynostosis, variable finger and toe malformations, and in most cases, normal intellectual development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019660 biolink:NamedThing Pfeiffer syndrome type 2 Pfeiffer syndrome type 2 (PS2) is a frequent and severe type of Pfeiffer syndrome (PS), characterized by cloverleaf skull, severe associated functional disorders, and hand/foot and elbow/knee abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019661 biolink:NamedThing Pfeiffer syndrome type 3 Pfeiffer syndrome type 3 (PS3) is a severe type of Pfeiffer syndrome (PS), characterized by bicoronal craniosynostosis, severe associated functional disorders, and hand, foot and elbow abnormalities. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032603 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type A9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032785 biolink:NamedThing polydactyly, postaxial, type a10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019681 biolink:NamedThing juvenile sialidosis type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019682 biolink:NamedThing congenital sialidosis type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019726 biolink:NamedThing type II mixed cryoglobulinemia Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia, a relatively rare clinico-serological subtype of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), is an immune complex disorder characterized by purpura, weakness and arthralgia and defined immunochemically by cryoglobulins composed of polyclonal IgGs (autoantigens) and monoclonal IgM (autoantibody). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019727 biolink:NamedThing mixed cryoglobulinemia type III Type III mixed cryoglobulinemia, a relatively rare clinico-serological subtype of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), is an immune complex disorder characterized by purpura, weakness and arthralgia and defined immunochemically by cryoglobulins containing both polyclonal IgGs and polyclonal IgMs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019728 biolink:NamedThing heavy chain deposition disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019729 biolink:NamedThing light and heavy chain deposition disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019730 biolink:NamedThing light chain deposition disease Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is a rare condition characterized by the deposition of specific proteins (monoclonal light chains) in the kidneys and other organs. Light chains are used to make antibodies that the body needs to fight infection. People with LCDD make too many light chains, which get deposited in many body tissues. While LCDD can occur in any organ, the kidneys are always involved. Signs and symptoms of LCDD may include protein in the urine ; decreased kidney function; and/or nephrotic syndrome. Rarely, a person with LCDD may have symptoms from cardiac (heart) or liver involvement. The underlying cause of LCDD is unknown. It is often associated with multiple myeloma. LCDD may progress to multiple myeloma, or it may be present with multiple myeloma when it is first diagnosed. The goal of treating LCDD is to slow the production of light chains and their damage to organs. Treatment may include chemotherapy with a drug called Bortezomib ; autologous stem cell transplantation ; immunomodulatory drugs; and/or kidney transplant. If untreated, end-stage renal disease occurs in 70% of cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019745 biolink:NamedThing cystinuria type A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019746 biolink:NamedThing cystinuria type B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019753 biolink:NamedThing localized Castleman disease Localized Castleman disease (LCD) is the most common form of Castleman disease (CD) and it is usually asymptomatic or it may present with enlarged lymph nodes. LCD may be cured by surgical resection. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019754 biolink:NamedThing multicentric Castleman disease Multicentric castleman disease (MCD) is an aggressive form of Castleman disease that mostly results from human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) infection. It manifests by fever, diffuse lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, Involvement of the respiratory system and increased C-reactive protein. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035838 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019760 biolink:NamedThing terminal transverse defects of arm DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019766 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability, Porteous type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019767 biolink:NamedThing hamel cerebro-palato-cardiac syndrome Hamel cerebro-palato-cardiac syndrome is an X-linked intellectual disability syndrome (XLMR) characterized by intellectual deficiency, microcephaly and short stature. It belongs to the group of disorders collectively referred to as Renpenning syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019768 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability, Golabi-Ito-hall type Golabi-Ito-Hall syndrome is an X-linked intellectual disability syndrome (XLMR) characterized by intellectual deficiency, microcephaly and short stature. It belongs to the group of disorders collectively referred to as Renpenning syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019769 biolink:NamedThing X-linked intellectual disability, Sutherland-Haan type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019818 biolink:NamedThing cleft mitral valve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019819 biolink:NamedThing double-orifice mitral valve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020405 biolink:NamedThing straddling and/or overriding mitral valve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023282 biolink:NamedThing granulomatous hypophysitis Granulomatous hypophysitis is rare pathology that mimics pituitary adenoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019867 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 8 Mosaic trisomy 8 is a chromosomal disorder defined by the presence of three copies of chromosome 8 in some cells of the organism. It is characterized by facial dysmorphism, mild intellectual deficit and joint, urinary, cardiac and skeletal anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019869 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 22 Mosaic trisomy 22 isa chromosome disorder in which chromosome 22 is present three times, instead of the usual two times, in some cells of the body. The range and severity of the disorder can vary widely. Some of the features that have been associated with this conditioninclude growth delays,cognitive deficiencies, unequal developmentof the two sides of the body (hemidystrophy), webbing of the neck, abnormal deviation of the elbows when extended (cubitus valgus), multiple pigmented moles or birthmarks, distinctive malformations of the head and face, and other physical abnormalities. A number of cases of children with mosaic trisomy 22 and normal growth and development have also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019870 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 1p36 Distal trisomy 1p36 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 1, characterized by borderline to mild intellectual disability, mild developmental delay, metopic craniosynostosis and mild craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. slopping forehead, bitemporal narrowing, blepharophimosis). Other associated abnormalities may include growth retardation, microcephaly, large hands, syndactyly, supernumerary ribs, rectal stenosis and/or anterior displacement of anus. Congenital heart malformations (e.g. atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019871 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 2p Distal trisomy 2p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 2, with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by pre- and post-natal growth failure, global developmental delay, facial dysmorphism (incl. high forehead/frontal bossing, abnormal ear shape and/or position, hypertelorism/telecanthus, broad/depressed nasal bridge) and ocular anomalies (e.g. exophthalmos, retinal hypopigmentation, optic nerve and foveal hypoplasia). Other reported anomalies include generalized hypotonia, pectus excavatum, long fingers and toes, syndactyly, congenital heart (e.g. ventricular and atrial septal defects) and neural tube defects, seizures, pulmonary hypoplasia, diaphragmatic hernia and urogenital anomalies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019872 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 3p Distal trisomy 3p is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 3, with highly variable phenotype principally characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. brachy-/microcephaly, square facies, frontal bossing, bitemporal indentation, hypertelorism/telecanthus, low-set and/or dysmorphic ears, short nose with broad, flat nasal bridge, prominent cheeks and philtrum, downturned corners of mouth, micrognathia/retrognathia, short neck) associated with psychomotor delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, cardiac (e.g. patent ductus arteriosus) and urogenital (e.g. renal hypoplasia, hypogenitalism) abnormalities, as well as seizures and presence of whorls on fingers. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019881 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 6q Distal trisomy 6q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 6, with highly variable phenotype, typically characterized by growth and developmental delay, intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, flat facial profile, frontal bossing, hypertelorism, downward-slanting palpebral fissures, flat nasal bridge, anteverted nares, bow shaped mouth, micrognathia), short webbed neck and joint contractures. Cardiac, urogenital, ophthalmologic and hand and foot anomalies, as well as umbilical hernia, spasticity, and seizures, are other features that have been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019883 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 9q Distal trisomy 9q is a rare chromosomal anomaly, resulting from the partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 9, with a variable phenotype mostly characterized by psychomotor and speech delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, long narrow habitus, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. micro/dolichocephaly, facial asymmetry, narrow palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes, strabismus, microphthalmia, abnormally shaped ears, microstomia, micro/retrognathia) and hand and feet anomalies (incl. arachnodactyly, camptodactyly, abnormal implantation of digits). Congenital flexion contractures and limited joint movements have also been observed. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019890 biolink:NamedThing non-distal trisomy 9q Non-distal trisomy 9q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 9, with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by developmental delay, short stature, intellectual disability, and craniofacial dysmorphism (e.g. microcephaly, broad forehead, low set ears, epicanthus, prominent nose, and retrognathia). Cardiac, ocular, thyroid and esophagus defects, as well as central nervous system and behavioral/psychiatric abnormalities, have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019887 biolink:NamedThing distal trisomy 16q Distal trisomy 16q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 16, with variable phenotype principally characterized by developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism (incl. high, prominent forehead, epicanthic folds, dysplastic ears, broad/depressed nasal bridge, malar hypoplasia, narrow and arched palate, thin upper lip vermilion, micrognathia) and hand/feet anomalies (e.g. arachnodactyly, talipes equinovarus). Cardiac defects, genitourinary malformations and vertebral anomalies are also associated. Thrombocytopenia and recurrent infections have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019892 biolink:NamedThing distal monosomy 7p DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019930 biolink:NamedThing Leydig cell hypoplasia due to complete LH resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019931 biolink:NamedThing Leydig cell hypoplasia due to partial LH resistance DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019979 biolink:NamedThing renal hypoplasia, unilateral Unilateral renal hypoplasia is a form of renal hypoplasia, a renal developmental anomaly in which one kidney is small and has a deficit in the number of nephrons present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019980 biolink:NamedThing renal hypoplasia, bilateral Bilateral renal hypoplasia is a form of renal hypoplasia, a renal developmental anomaly in which both kidneys are small and have a deficit in the number of nephrons present. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019981 biolink:NamedThing unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney Unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney is the form of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK), a congenital anomaly of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), in which one kidney is large, distended by multiple cysts, and non-functional. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019982 biolink:NamedThing bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney Bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a lethal form of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK), a congenital anomaly of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), in which both kidneys are large, distended by non-communicating multiple cysts and non-functional. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019988 biolink:NamedThing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis with ANCA Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN) with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is a form of rapidly progressive GN comprising about 90% of pauci-immune glomerulonephritis, and associated with the presence of circulating ANCA (mostly directed against proteinase-3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)). Patients usually present with hematuria and rapidly declining renal function, often leading to dialysis within weeks without treatment. Cutaneous, pulmonary, musculoskeletal and nervous involvement may be observed in case of systemic disease, and the correlation between ANCA titer and disease activity has been demonstrated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019989 biolink:NamedThing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis without ANCA Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN) without antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is a form of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis comprising 10-43% of pauci-immune glomerulonephritis and characterized by the absence of ANCA. In comparison with pauci-immune GN with ANCA, patients lacking ANCA may be younger at onset of the disease and have a shorter interval from onset of the disease to diagnosis. They have fewer extra renal manifestations (e.g. involvement of lung, eye, ear, nose and throat), fewer constitutional symptoms (e.g. fever, weight loss, muscle pain and arthralgia) and a high prevalence of nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal lesions. Their prognosis is generally poorer. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0019990 biolink:NamedThing non-amyloid fibrillary glomerulopathy Non-amyloid fibrillary glomerulopathy (non-amyloid FGP) is a rare cause of glomerulonephritis (GN) characterized by glomerular accumulation of non-amyloid fibrils in the mesangium and the glomerular (and rarely tubular) basement membrane, that mainly presents with renal insufficiency, micro-hematuria and nephrotic range proteinuria. Non-amyloid FGP and immunotactoid glomerulopathy (ITG) are often grouped together as pathogenetically related diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800046 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hormone metabolism, abnormal 1 A rare, genetic congenital hypothyroidism disorder characterized by mild global developmental delay in childhood, short stature, delayed bone age, and abnormal thyroid and selenium levels in serum (high total and free T4 concentrations, low T3, high reverse T3, normal to high TSH, decreased selenium). Intellectual disability, primary infertility, hypotonia, muscle weakness, and impaired hearing have also been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600024 biolink:NamedThing familial idiopathic inflammatory myopathy An instance of myositis that is caused by an inherited genomic modification in an individual, and has an unknown cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020172 biolink:NamedThing palpebral epidermal tumor A neoplasm (disease) that involves the skin of eyelid. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020177 biolink:NamedThing pigmented palpebral tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020181 biolink:NamedThing mesenchymatous palpebral tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020183 biolink:NamedThing neurogenic palpebral tumor DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020304 biolink:NamedThing isochromosomy Yp Isochromosomy Yp is a rare gonosome anomaly characterized by various clinical presentations including normal healthy fertile males, male phenotype with infertility, and males with ambiguous genitalia or incomplete masculinization. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020305 biolink:NamedThing isochromosomy Yq Isochromosomy Yq is a rare gonosomy anomaly with a variable phenotype including a female phenotype with sexual development delay, streak gonads, short stature and Turner syndrome features and male phenotype with infertility due to azoospermia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020307 biolink:NamedThing benign childhood occipital epilepsy, Panayiotopoulos type Benign childhood occipital epilepsy, Panayiotopoulos type is a rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by late infancy to early-adolescence onset of prolonged, nocturnal seizures which begin with autonomic features (e.g. vomiting, pallor, sweating) and associate tonic eye deviation, impairment of consciousness and may evolve to a hemi-clonic or generalized convulsion. Autonomic status epilepticus may be the only clinical event in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020308 biolink:NamedThing benign childhood occipital epilepsy, Gastaut type Benign childhood occipital epilepsy, Gastaut type is a rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by childhood to mid-adolescence onset of frequent, brief, diurnal simple partial seizures which usually begin with visual hallucinations (e.g. phosphenes) and/or ictal blindness and may associate non visual seizures (such as deviation of the eyes, oculoclonic seizures), forced eyelid closure and blinking and sensory hallucinations. Post-ictal headache is common while impairment of consciousness is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035639 biolink:NamedThing mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035642 biolink:NamedThing mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(v;11q23.3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020354 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of choroid and retina Coloboma of choroid and retina is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by the partial absence of retinal pigment epithelium and choroid, most frequently located in the inferonasal quadrant. Patients usually present reduced vision and have an increased risk for retinal detachment. Other ocular anomalies (e.g. coloboma of iris, microcornea, nystagmus, strabismus, microphthalmos) are usually associated, however it may also be isolated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020356 biolink:NamedThing coloboma of iris A congenital or acquired defect characterized by the presence of a hole in or adjacent to the iris. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020359 biolink:NamedThing congenital symblepharon DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020360 biolink:NamedThing complete cryptophthalmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020361 biolink:NamedThing partial cryptophthalmia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020369 biolink:NamedThing Chandler syndrome Chandler syndrome, the most frequent clinical variant of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome, is characterized by very few iris abnormalities but more severe corneal edema and less severe secondary glaucoma than seen in the other two ICE syndrome variants: Cogan-Reese syndrome and essential iris atrophy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020370 biolink:NamedThing Cogan-Reese syndrome Cogan-Reese syndrome is a clinical variant of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome characterized by variable iris atrophy, pigmented and pedunculated nodules on the iris and corneal abonormalities. Secondary glaucoma is also a common complication of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020371 biolink:NamedThing essential iris atrophy Essential iris atrophy is a clinical variant of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome, characterized by progressive iris atrophy and holes present on the surface of the iris, corneal edema, corectopia, uveal ectropion and anterior synechiae. Secondary glaucoma is also a common complication of the disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020390 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary artery coming from patent ductus arteriosus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020391 biolink:NamedThing pulmonary artery coming from the aorta Pulmonary artery coming from the aorta (PACA) is a cardiac malformation characterized by anomalous origin of one branch of the pulmonary arteries from the ascending aorta and a normal origin of the other pulmonary artery from the right ventricular outflow tract, and presenting with respiratory distress, congestive heart failure and failure to thrive within the first days/months of life. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020393 biolink:NamedThing discrete fibromuscular subaortic stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020394 biolink:NamedThing tunnel subaortic stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020396 biolink:NamedThing anomaly of the tricuspid valve chordae Anomaly of the tricuspid valve chordae is a rare, congenital anomaly of the tricuspid subvalvular apparatus characterized by aberrant tendinous chords, which insert at the clear zone of the leaflet instead of its free edge and connect to the endocardium instead of the papillary muscles. Resulting tethering of one or more tricuspid leaflets leads to their impaired mobility and tricuspid regurgitation. Association with other congenital cardiac anomalies has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020397 biolink:NamedThing parachute tricuspid valve Parachute tricuspid valve is a rare congenital heart malformation defined as an insertion of the chordal apparatus into a single papillary muscle or a muscle group, making a pathognomonic 'pear' shape sign in the four-chamber echocardiographic view with the atrium forming the larger base of the pear and the leaflets the apex. Isolated parachute tricuspid valve may be asymptomatic or present with symptoms of tricuspid stenosis (diastolic inspiratory murmur, pulsation of jugular veins, hepatomegaly, edema, epigastric discomfort, right atrial enlargement, right ventricular hypertrophy, electrocardiography abnormalities). It may also be associated with other heart malformations and present with symptoms of the complex of malformations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020406 biolink:NamedThing complete atrioventricular canal-left heart obstruction syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020407 biolink:NamedThing complete atrioventricular canal-ventricle hypoplasia syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020408 biolink:NamedThing complete atrioventricular canal-tetralogy of fallot syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020409 biolink:NamedThing univentricular heart with single atrio-ventricular valve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020410 biolink:NamedThing aorto-right ventricular tunnel DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020411 biolink:NamedThing aorto-left ventricular tunnel DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020421 biolink:NamedThing coronary artery intramyocardial course DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020422 biolink:NamedThing aortopulmonary coronary arterial course Aortopulmonary coronary arterial course is a rare coronary artery congenital malformation characterized by anomalous origin of the coronary artery from the contralateral sinus of Valsalva with course between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. The anomaly is associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac death, especially during exercise. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020423 biolink:NamedThing stenosis or atrophy of the coronary ostium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020424 biolink:NamedThing intramural coronary arterial course Intramural coronary arterial course is a rare coronary artery congenital malformation disorder characterized by an atypical course of a coronary artery (usually proximal left anterior descending artery) in which, for a variable length, the artery runs intramyocardally. Depending on the artery and length of segment involved, patients may be asymptomatic or may present variable manifestations ranging from atypical angina to sudden death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020425 biolink:NamedThing abnormal number of coronary ostia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020426 biolink:NamedThing malposition of the coronary ostium Malposition of the coronary ostium is a rare coronary artery congenital malformation characterized by displacement of one of the coronary arteries, originating closer to the aortic root or to the commissural area. The anomaly is considered to be asymptomatic, however, it may impose surgical difficulties during aortic root surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020429 biolink:NamedThing cor triatriatum dexter DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020430 biolink:NamedThing cor triatriatum sinister Cor triatriatum sinister (CTS) results when the left atrium is divided into two compartments by a membrane. The membrane can vary in size and shape and may have one or more openings. Severe cases of cor triatriatum sinister usually present in infancy and are often associated with other heart defects. In less severe cases, the diagnosis may not be made until later in life. The specific symptoms depend on the degree to which the membrane obstructs the flow of blood and whether or not there are additional heart defects. Symptoms may range from mild shortness of breath during exercise to signs of heart failure and lung congestion. Some people with CTS may not have symptoms. Treatment varies according to the severity of the symptoms. For symptomatic patients, surgery is generally consideredthe definitive course of therapy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020431 biolink:NamedThing juxtaposition of the atrial appendages Juxtaposition of the atrial appendages is a rare atrial appendage anomaly when both appendages are located on the left or the right side of the great arteries. It is asymptomatic and is usually diagnosed incidentally, but is frequently associated with other congenital heart diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020432 biolink:NamedThing ectasia of the right atrial appendage Ectasia of the right atrial appendage is a rare cardiac malformation characterized by the enlargement of the right auricle without any other associated cardiac lesions. It can be asymptomatic and diagnosed fortuitously, prenatally or during routine clinical examinations or it can present with heart murmur, palpitation, atrial arrhythmia, fatigue, dyspnea or respiratory distress. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020433 biolink:NamedThing ectasia of the left appendage Ectasia of the left atrial appendage is a rare cardiac malformation characterized by the enlargement of the left auricle without any other associated cardiac lesions. It can be asymptomatic (discovered fortuitously during routine chest imaging as an unusual cardiac shadow) or present clinically with supraventricular tachyarrhythmia, paroxysmal tachycardia, embolic events, respiratory distress, chest pain, angina pectoris or heart failure. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020440 biolink:NamedThing persistent left superior vena cava connecting to the left-sided atrium Persistent left superior vena cava connecting to the left-sided atrium is a rare, congenital vascular malformation of the major vessels characterized by a persitent left superior vena cava which drains directly to the left atrium, without passing through the coronary sinus (that may be absent in some cases). Patients are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally, however hypoxia, cyanosis, murmurs, palpitations, cardiac structural anomalies (e.g. atrial septal defect, bicuspid aortic valve, cor triatrium) and risk of paradoxical embolization may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020441 biolink:NamedThing right superior vena cava connecting to left-sided atrium Right superior vena cava connecting to the left-sided atrium is a rare, congenital vascular malformation of the major vessels characterized by the right SVC passing medially and dorsally to the aortic root and draining into the left atrium. Patients usually present a right-to-left systemic venous blood shunt which may manifest with arterial hypoxemia, cyanosis, exercise dyspnea, clubbing of the fingers, palpitations, murmurs and/or potentially fatal brain abscess. Association with other cardiac anomalies has been reported. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020442 biolink:NamedThing left superior vena cava persisting to left-sided atrium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020443 biolink:NamedThing absence of innominate vein Absence of innominate vein is a rare congenital anomaly of the great veins characterized by absence of the left brachiocephalic vein (or innominate vein), resulting in an anomalous venous vasculature. Patients are usually asymptomatic and the anomaly is typically discovered intraoperatively. An association with persistence of left superior vena cava, permanent levoatrial cardinal vein or anomaly of the inferior vena cava has been reported in some cases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020444 biolink:NamedThing subaortic course of innominate vein Subaortic course of innominate vein is a rare congential anomaly of the great veins characterized by an anomalous course of the left brachiocephalic vein, passing from left to right below the aortic arch and entering the superior vena cava below the orifice of the azygos vein. Patients are frequently asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally on imaging studies. Other cardiac malformations may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020445 biolink:NamedThing agenesis of the superior vena cava Agenesis of the superior vena cava (SVC) is a rare congenital anomaly of the great veins characterized by unilateral or bilateral complete absence of the SVC. Unilateral agenesis is mainly asymptomatic (most of the time diagnosed incidentally) and patients usually have otherwise normal heart structure. Bilateral agenesis, however, is frequently associated with other congenital cardiac anomalies and/or conduction abnormalities (such as tetralogy of Fallot, atrial septal defect) and typically present symptoms of SVC syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020446 biolink:NamedThing coronary sinus stenosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020447 biolink:NamedThing coronary sinus atresia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020448 biolink:NamedThing right inferior vena cava connecting to left-sided atrium DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020449 biolink:NamedThing persistent eustachian valve DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020450 biolink:NamedThing azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020451 biolink:NamedThing congenital stenosis of the inferior vena cava DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020452 biolink:NamedThing inferior vena cava interruption DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020454 biolink:NamedThing congenital complete agenesis of pericardium Congenital complete agenesis of pericardium is a rare, mostly asymptomatic, congenital heart malformation characterized by the complete absence of the entire pericardium, or by the absence of either the right (uncommon) or left pericardium. It is occasionally associated with chest pain (common), dyspnea, dizziness, bradycardia and syncope, while exertional manifestations are rare. The disease is usually incidentally diagnosed during surgery or at autopsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020455 biolink:NamedThing congenital partial agenesis of pericardium Congenital partial agenesis of pericardium is a rare, mostly asymptomatic, congenital heart malformation mainly characterized by the partial absence of the left pericardium. It is occasionally associated with chest pain or dyspnea and is usually incidentally diagnosed during surgery or at autopsy. Herniation and strangulation of a portion of the heart through the pericardial foramen may occur, resulting in myocardial acute ischemia and possible sudden death. Right side pericardium involvement is rare. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020456 biolink:NamedThing pleuro-pericardial cyst Pleuro-pericardial cyst is a rare, mostly congenital, pericardium anomaly characterized by the presence of, usually asymptomatic, cysts which are typically located in the right costophrenic angle and are usually incidentally diagnosed. On occasion, it manifests with chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, persistent cough or cardiac arrhythmias. The condition is usually benign, but rare complications, such as cardiac tamponade, cardiogenic shock, mitral valve prolapse, hoarseness atrial fibrillation, right ventricular outflow, tract obstruction, spontaneous internal hemorrhage, pulmonary stenosis and sudden death, may occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020467 biolink:NamedThing mosaic monosomy X DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020481 biolink:NamedThing myotonia fluctuans Myotonia fluctuans (MF) is a form of potassium-aggravated myotonia (PAM) which is cold insensitive, dramatically fluctuating and profoundly worsened by potassium ingestion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020482 biolink:NamedThing myotonia permanens Myotonia permanens is a very rare, persistent and more severe form of potassium-aggravated myotonia (PAM). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020483 biolink:NamedThing acetazolamide-responsive myotonia Acetazolamide-responsive myotonia is a form of potassium-aggravated myotonia (PAM) which shows dramatic improvement with the use of acetazolamide (ACZ). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020517 biolink:NamedThing eosinophilic granuloma A clinical variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by unifocal involvement of a bone (most often), skin, or lung. Patients are usually older children or adults usually presenting with a lytic bone lesion. The etiology is unknown. Morphologically, eosinophilic granuloma is characterized by the presence of Langerhans cells in a characteristic milieu which includes histiocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and small, mature lymphocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020519 biolink:NamedThing hand-Schuller-Christian disease A multifocal, unisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple sites in one organ system, most frequently the bone. Patients are usually young children presenting with multiple destructive bone lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020520 biolink:NamedThing adult pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis Adult pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare histiocytic lung disease characterized by the accumulation of Langerhans and other inflammatory cells in the small airways, resulting in the formation of nodular inflammatory lesions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020521 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type 7A DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020522 biolink:NamedThing Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type 7B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036595 biolink:NamedThing ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor A benign or malignant sex cord-stromal tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic Leydig cells. Signs and symptoms include hirsutism, menorrhagia and metrorrhagia. It may be associated with trisomy 8. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020547 biolink:NamedThing chronic graft versus host disease Chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a complication that can occur after a stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the newly transplanted donor cells attack the transplant recipient's body. Symptoms may include skin rash, mouth sores, dry eyes, liver inflammation, development of scar tissue in the skin and joints, and damage to the lungs. The exact cause of chronic GVHD is unknown.It likely results from a complex immune-mediated interaction between the donor and recipient cells.Chronic GVHD is treated with prednisone or other similar anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive medications. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020554 biolink:NamedThing Heiner syndrome Heiner syndrome, also called cow's milk hypersensitivity, is a food induced pulmonary hypersensiting syndrome that affects primarily infants and that is characterized by pulmonary hemosiderosis, digestive bleeding, anemia and poor growing, improving with elimination of cow's milk from the diet. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020559 biolink:NamedThing O'Sullivan-McLeod syndrome O'Sullivan McLeod syndrome is a benign lower motor neuron disorder and a rare variant of monomelic amyotrophy (MA), characterized by an initial unilateral weakness in the intrinsic hand muscles that eventually spreads to the opposite limb (with an asymmetrical distribution) and that has a very slow progression of muscular atrophy over a 20 year period. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020567 biolink:NamedThing apnea of prematurity Apnea of prematurity is a developmental disorder affecting premature infants, likely secondary to an immaturity of respiratory control resulting in idiopathic pauses in breathing often associated with reduced heart rate and arterial blood oxygen levels. It may be exacerbated by concurrent neonatal diseases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020569 biolink:NamedThing intermediate DEND syndrome Intermediate DEND syndrome (iDEND) is a rare mild form of DEND syndrome, a neonatal diabetes mellitus, developmental delay and epilepsy condition. The intermediate form is characterized clinically by mild motor, speech or cognitive delay and an absence of epilepsy. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800375 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay, epilepsy, and neonatal diabetes 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800376 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay, epilepsy, and neonatal diabetes 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020607 biolink:NamedThing Liddle syndrome 1 Any Liddle syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCNN1B gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020854 biolink:NamedThing Liddle syndrome 2 Any Liddle syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SCNN1G gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0029132 biolink:NamedThing Liddle syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020630 biolink:NamedThing epileptic encephalopathy, infantile or early childhood, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020631 biolink:NamedThing epileptic encephalopathy, infantile or early childhood, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020632 biolink:NamedThing epileptic encephalopathy, infantile or early childhood, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020655 biolink:NamedThing juvenile ankylosing spondylitis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043377 biolink:NamedThing juvenile spondyloarthropathy A group of chronic, inflammatory childhood diseases characterized by arthritis and enthesitis. This disorder can affect the axial skeleton in late childhood or young adulthood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020662 biolink:NamedThing borderline ovarian serous tumor A low grade serous epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of serous-type epithelial cells without evidence of stromal invasion. It is often asymptomatic but rarely it may present with abdominal pain or abdominal enlargement due to rupture or torsion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020730 biolink:NamedThing carpal tunnel syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030883 biolink:NamedThing carpal tunnel syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020747 biolink:NamedThing sitosterolemia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020748 biolink:NamedThing sitosterolemia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020750 biolink:NamedThing polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020761 biolink:NamedThing Bowen disease of the skin A form of squamous cell carcinoma in situ. It is a distinct clinicopathological entity and arises from the skin or the mucocutaneous junction. It affects predominantly white males in their 6-8th decades of life. Exposed and non-exposed skin sites are equally affected. UV damage and ingestion of inorganic arsenic may play a role in the development of the disease. On the skin surface, it presents as a single or multiple erythematous, scaly, keratotic patches or plaques. The clinical entity of erythroplasia of Queyrat is regarded as Bowen disease of the penis and it presents as an asymptomatic, red, circumscribed plaque. Morphologically, Bowen disease is characterized by the presence of hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, dyskeratosis, and acanthosis. The keratotic squamous cells are atypical and display hyperchromatism and abnormal mitotic figures. The dermoepidermal basement membrane is intact. Complete surgical removal of the lesion may be curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020763 biolink:NamedThing Menke-Hennekam syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020769 biolink:NamedThing Menke-Hennekam syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020767 biolink:NamedThing cauda equina syndrome with neurogenic bladder A rare neurologic disorder caused by impingement of the nerve roots of the cauda equina secondary to disc herniation, spinal stenosis, vertebral fracture, neoplasm or infection. Clinical signs may include bladder or bowel dysfunction, paresthesia and weakness of the lower extremities. The development of neurogenic bladder implies that surgical decompression was either ineffective, delayed or not attempted. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020773 biolink:NamedThing cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the nose. Common etiologies include trauma, neoplasms, and prior surgery, although the condition may occur spontaneously. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997 Apr;116(4):442-9) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020775 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation with defective fucosylation 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020777 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of glycosylation with defective fucosylation 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020778 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020780 biolink:NamedThing cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020783 biolink:NamedThing capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020787 biolink:NamedThing hypomagnesemia, seizures, and intellectual disability 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020788 biolink:NamedThing hypomagnesemia, seizures, and intellectual disability 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020790 biolink:NamedThing gaze palsy, familial horizontal, with progressive scoliosis 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054602 biolink:NamedThing gaze palsy, familial horizontal, with progressive scoliosis, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020791 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, Meesmann, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032904 biolink:NamedThing corneal dystrophy, Meesmann, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020793 biolink:NamedThing oculopharyngodistal myopathy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023671 biolink:NamedThing oculopharyngodistal myopathy 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030134 biolink:NamedThing oculopharyngodistal myopathy 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030712 biolink:NamedThing oculopharyngodistal myopathy 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020797 biolink:NamedThing decompression sickness A condition occurring as a result of exposure to a rapid fall in ambient pressure. Gases, nitrogen in particular, come out of solution and form bubbles in body fluid and blood. These gas bubbles accumulate in joint spaces and the peripheral circulation impairing tissue oxygenation causing disorientation, severe pain, and potentially death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020813 biolink:NamedThing benign testicular sertoli cell tumor A non-metastasizing sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the testis. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming tubules. Leydig cells are rare or absent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020815 biolink:NamedThing dentigerous cyst Most common follicular odontogenic cyst. Occurs in relation to a partially erupted or unerupted tooth with at least the crown of the tooth to which the cyst is attached protruding into the cystic cavity. May give rise to an ameloblastoma and, in rare instances, undergo malignant transformation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020838 biolink:NamedThing anterior nasal diphtheria Infection of the anterior nasal structures by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020843 biolink:NamedThing pseudomembranous diphtheritic conjunctivitis Pseudomembranous colitis resulting from infection by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020860 biolink:NamedThing faucial diphtheria Infection of the fauces by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041259 biolink:NamedThing diphtheritic myocarditis An myocarditis caused by infection with Corynebacterium diphtheriae. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0020980 biolink:NamedThing hair nevus A usually benign congenital skin growth that is often pigmented and sometimes develop coarse surface hair. There is a lifetime risk of transformation to malignant melanoma which varies depending on the size of the lesion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044768 biolink:NamedThing vagus nerve paraganglioma A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia in the vagus nerve. Patients may present with a slow growing, painless mass in the neck, hoarseness, vocal cord paralysis, and dysphagia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021081 biolink:NamedThing anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis An autoimmune acute encephalitis caused by antibodies against the glutamate NMDA receptor. It usually affects females and in the majority of cases it is associated with the presence of a tumor, most commonly an ovarian teratoma. The presence of a tumor in patients with this form of encephalitis implies that the latter is a paraneoplastic syndrome. It is manifested with psychiatric symptoms and epileptic seizures. It is a potentially lethal disorder; however, it is usually reversible with the prompt removal of the tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021115 biolink:NamedThing luminal B breast carcinoma A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by low to moderate expression of genes characteristic of luminal epithelial cells including estrogen receptor (ER), and high expression of GGH, LAPTM4B, and CCNE1. This subtype of breast cancer is associated with a good prognosis, although not as favorable as the luminal A subtype. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021116 biolink:NamedThing luminal A breast carcinoma A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of genes characteristic of luminal epithelial cells, including estrogen receptor (ER), estrogen regulated protein LIV-1, and the transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor 3, HNF3A, XBP1, and GATA 3. This subtype of breast cancer is associated with a good prognosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021126 biolink:NamedThing syndromic or isolated An characteristic of a disease that varies depending on whether the disease appears as an isolated feature or whether the disease is a syndrome consisting of multiple features. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021135 biolink:NamedThing rare or common DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021139 biolink:NamedThing congenital or acquired DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021149 biolink:NamedThing genetic vs non-genetic etiology DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024488 biolink:NamedThing tumor grading characteristic A modifier that can be applied to a tumor class describing abnormal tumor histology or morphology. It is an indicator of how quickly a tumor is likely to grow and spread DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045034 biolink:NamedThing infectious disease characteristic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045040 biolink:NamedThing locational disease characteristic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100355 biolink:NamedThing classic or non-classic genetic disease presentation A classic (severe) or non-classic (mild or intermediate) form of a genetic disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100369 biolink:NamedThing iatrogenic or non-iatrogenic A iatrogenic or non-iatrogenic form of a disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700004 biolink:NamedThing idiopathic vs non-idiopathic A disease characteristic in which the cause of the disease is known or unknown. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700061 biolink:NamedThing mosaic vs complete A disease characteristic in which the cause of the disease is present in some of the cells of the organism, or in all the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021151 biolink:NamedThing non-genetic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021171 biolink:NamedThing Timothy syndrome, classic type Classic form of Timothy syndrome, includes all features of generic. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021172 biolink:NamedThing Timothy syndrome, atypical type Atypical form of Timothy syndrome, causes a more severe form of long QT syndrome and a greater risk of arrhythmia and sudden death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021287 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of epiglottis A in situ carcinoma that involves the epiglottis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021297 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of nasopharynx A in situ carcinoma that involves the nasopharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021298 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of oropharynx A in situ carcinoma that involves the oropharynx. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021291 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of fundus of stomach A in situ carcinoma that involves the fundus of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021292 biolink:NamedThing carcinoma in situ of gastric body A in situ carcinoma that involves the body of stomach. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021588 biolink:NamedThing eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma A sebaceous gland carcinoma affecting the eyelid. It arises from the meibomian glands, glands of Zeis, or glands associated with the caruncle. It usually affects elderly women and is characterized by high rate of local recurrence, regional, and distant metastases. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021644 biolink:NamedThing esophageal varices without bleeding DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021645 biolink:NamedThing esophageal varices with bleeding DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021726 biolink:NamedThing abdominal cystic lymphangioma Abdominal cystic lymphangioma is a benign (noncancerous) malformation of the lymphatic vessels in the abdomen. These vessels carry lymph, a fluid that contains white blood cells that fight infection, throughout the body. The severity of the condition and the associated features vary from person to person. When present, signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain, an increase in waist circumference, an abdominal mass, intestinal obstruction, and/or volvulus (a twisting of the intestines). The cause of abdominal cystic lymphangioma is poorly understood; however, scientists suspect that it is a congenital anomaly. Most cases are diagnosed in people with no family history of the condition. Treatment varies based on the severity of the condition. People with small malformations that do not cause any symptoms may simply be followed with regular imaging studies to monitor for progression. Some of these cases may resolve spontaneously without treatment. When necessary, surgical excision is often the treatment of choice since it is associated with the lowest risk of recurrence.. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021736 biolink:NamedThing proctosigmoiditis Inflammation of the sigmoid colon and rectum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100002 biolink:NamedThing food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis A benign inflammatory colitis caused by a non-IgE-mediated immune reaction to ingested food proteins. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043283 biolink:NamedThing silicosiderosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021809 biolink:NamedThing primary dysautonomia Disorders of the autonomic nervous system occurring as a primary condition. Manifestations can involve any or all body systems but commonly affect the blood pressure and heart rate. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100434 biolink:NamedThing chronic mountain sickness A pathological condition resulting from chronic exposure to hypoxia at high altitude. The syndrome is characterized by an excessive number of red blood cells associated with a high blood hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), hypoxemia, and, in some cases, pulmonary hypertension. Clinical signs include headache, fatigue, sleep disturbances, dyspnea, digestive complaints, and high risk of thrombotic events. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021824 biolink:NamedThing adult progressive spinal muscular atrophy, Aran Duchenne type A progressive muscle weakness and atrophy of the limbs that irregularly affects certain muscles, while it spares others. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021923 biolink:NamedThing Arroyo Garcia Cimadevilla syndrome A syndrome characterized by bilateral anophthalmia (absence of one or both eyes), esophageal atresia (the upper esophagus ends and does not connect with the lower esophagus and stomach), and cryptorchidism (a condition in which one or both of the testes fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum). This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021929 biolink:NamedThing traumatic myositis ossificans Myositis Ossificans resulting from trauma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0021941 biolink:NamedThing infection by Trypanosoma rhodesiense An infection with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022746 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 13p duplication DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022311 biolink:NamedThing cote katsantoni syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022552 biolink:NamedThing Bazopoulou Kyrkanidou syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043162 biolink:NamedThing pagon stephan syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022572 biolink:NamedThing bilateral renal agenesis dominant type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022573 biolink:NamedThing biliary atresia intrahepatic non syndromic form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022574 biolink:NamedThing biliary atresia intrahepatic syndromic form DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100285 biolink:NamedThing extrahepatic biliary atresia A disorder of infants in which there is progressive obliteration or discontinuity of the extrahepatic biliary system, resulting in obstruction of bile flow. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022618 biolink:NamedThing burning mouth syndrome type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022673 biolink:NamedThing autosomal dominant non-nuclear cataract DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022699 biolink:NamedThing cerebral palsy spastic hemiplegic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022700 biolink:NamedThing cerebral palsy spastic monoplegic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022735 biolink:NamedThing choroid plexus cyst DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022758 biolink:NamedThing chromosome 22, monosome mosaic DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022826 biolink:NamedThing congenital cystic eye multiple ocular and intracranial anomalies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022846 biolink:NamedThing congenital nonhemolytic jaundice DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0022948 biolink:NamedThing Deal Barratt Dillon syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060778 biolink:NamedThing adult Fanconi syndrome Probably related to a recessive gene, this is Fanconi Syndrome, characterised by adult onset. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060779 biolink:NamedThing acquired Fanconi syndrome Fanconi Syndrome caused by exposure to noxious agents. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040871 biolink:NamedThing psychogenic polydipsia A form of primary polydipsia caused by underlying psychiatric symptoms, including those caused by psychoses and rarely by affective disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040872 biolink:NamedThing non-psychogenic polydipsia A form of primary polydipsia not caused by underlying psychiatric symptoms. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023094 biolink:NamedThing exogenous ochronosis Exogenous ochronosis refers tothe bluish-black discoloration of certain tissues, such as the ear cartilage, the ocular (eye) tissue, and other body locations when it is due toexposure to various substances.It has been reported most commonly with topical application of hydroquinones to the skin. The discolorationmay becaused byan effect ontyrosinase(an enzyme located in melanocytes, which are skincells that produce pigment), or by inhibiting homogentisic acid oxidase, resulting in the accumulation and deposition of homogentisic acid (HGA) in cartilage. The discoloration is often permanent, but when exogenous ochronosis is caused by topical hydroquinones, carbon dioxide lasers and dermabrasion have been reported to be helpful. Exogenous ochronosis is different from hereditary ochronosis, which is an inherited condition that occurs with alkaptonuria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023134 biolink:NamedThing febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease Febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease (FUMHD) is a rare and severe form of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA). PLEVA is characterized by skin lesions that ulcerate, breakdown, form open sores, then form a red-brown crust. FUMHD often begins as PLEVA, but then rapidly and suddenly progresses to large, destructive ulcers. There may be fever and extensive, painful loss of skin tissue as well as secondary infection of the ulcers. Diagnosis of FUMHD is confirmed by biopsy of skin lesions. FUMHD occurs more frequently in children, peaking at age 5 to 10. Males tend to be affected more often than females. While some cases of FUMHD have resolved without therapy, others have resulted in death. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment may help to reduce morbidity and death. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042974 biolink:NamedThing parainfluenza virus type 3 infectious disease Parainfluenza virus type 3 is one of a group of common viruses known as human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) that cause a variety of respiratory illnesses. Symptoms usually develop between 2 and 7 days from the time of exposure and typically resolve in 7-10 days. Symptoms may include fever, runny nose, and cough. HPIV-3 can also cause bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Infants and young children are particularly susceptible to HPIV-3 infections, though older adults and those with a weakened immune system are also at risk for complications. HPIVs are usually spread from an infected person to others through coughing, sneezing, and/or touching. There is currently no vaccine to protect against parainfluenza virus infections. Most HPIV infections resolve on their own and do not require special treatment, though medical intervention may be necessary for severe breathing problems. Most adults have antibodies against parainfluenza but can get repeat infections. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023209 biolink:NamedThing galactorrhoea-hyperprolactinaemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023273 biolink:NamedThing pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans A morphologic variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans characterized by the presence of melanin-pigmented dendritic cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023513 biolink:NamedThing Jeune syndrome situs inversus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043294 biolink:NamedThing linear scleroderma A type of localized scleroderma characterized by a long strip of indurated skin, which is typically found unilaterally on an arm or leg, and sometimes on the forehead or trunk. This disorder often affects the tissues beneath the skin, causing damage to bones, muscle or other organs. It can limit movement, alter growth, and disfigure the affected area. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023650 biolink:NamedThing littoral cell angioma of the spleen Littoral cell angioma is a rare primary vascular neoplasm of the spleen, composed of littoral cells that line the splenic sinuses of the red pulp. It was thought to be a benign, incidental lesion. However, many recent reports have described it to be a malignant lesion with congenital and immunological associations. The definitive diagnosis can only be made after histology and immunohistochemistry studies. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023699 biolink:NamedThing Maroteaux Fonfria syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0023704 biolink:NamedThing Martinez Monasterio Pinheiro syndrome A form of blepharo-cheilo-dontic syndrome with with cleft lip and palate, complete absence of deciduous teeth, hypodontia of permanent teeth, hair alterations, hypertelorism, midface hypoplasia, abnormal EEG, syndactyly, and other findings. This is an n-of-1 use case where only one patient or family has been described with this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040503 biolink:NamedThing blepharocheilodontic syndrome 2 Any blepharo-cheilo-odontic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTNND1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054740 biolink:NamedThing blepharocheilodontic syndrome 1 Any blepharo-cheilo-odontic syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CDH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024182 biolink:NamedThing dry beriberi DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024287 biolink:NamedThing congenital vascular malformation A congenital abnormality of the arteries and veins, lymph vessels or veins and lymph vessels. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024466 biolink:NamedThing facial paresis, hereditary congenital, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024489 biolink:NamedThing general tumor grading characteristic A term that refers to the cellular differentiation of a malignant cellular infiltrate. A cancer is defined through grades I-IV (or 1-4), or as well, moderately, poorly differentiated or undifferentiated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024490 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade X, general grading system DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024496 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade 2 or 3, general grading system A morphologic qualifier indicating that a neoplastic lesion is moderately to poorly differentiated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024497 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade 3 or 4, general grading system Used to describe tumor samples that exhibit poorly differentiated or undifferentiated cells. They are generally expected to be fast growing and aggressive. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024492 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade 2, general grading system A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is moderately differentiated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024494 biolink:NamedThing tumor grade 4, general grading system A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is undifferentiated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024504 biolink:NamedThing enterochromaffin cell serotonin-producing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor A usually slow-growing, grade 1 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor that secretes serotonin. When it metastasizes to the liver, it produces the clinical symptoms of the carcinoid syndrome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024770 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory syndrome, familial, X-linked, Behcet-like 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800045 biolink:NamedThing autoinflammatory syndrome, familial, Behcet-like 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024863 biolink:NamedThing small size posterior uveal melanoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024864 biolink:NamedThing medium/large size posterior uveal melanoma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024880 biolink:NamedThing metastatic malignant neoplasm A malignant tumor that has spread from its original (primary) site of growth to another site close to or distant from the primary site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041447 biolink:NamedThing metastatic malignant neoplasm in the colon The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the colon. This may be from a primary large intestine malignant neoplasm, or from a malignant neoplasm at a distant site. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700219 biolink:NamedThing neoplastic meningitis Metastatic neoplasm in which the tumor cells spread to leptomeninges (pia and arachnoid) and subarachnoid space. The most common primary tumors metastasizing to the leptomeninges are breast and lung carcinomas, melanoma, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024893 biolink:NamedThing toxocara canis infection (canine roundworms) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0024954 biolink:NamedThing larva migrans, visceral A condition produced in humans by the prolonged migration of animal nematode larvae in extraintestinal tissues other than skin; characterized by persistent hypereosinophilia, hepatomegaly, and frequently pneumonitis, commonly caused by Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025556 biolink:NamedThing isocyanate induced asthma DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025690 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, epilepsy, and diabetes syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031481 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly, epilepsy, and diabetes syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0025708 biolink:NamedThing megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030294 biolink:NamedThing megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030296 biolink:NamedThing megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030329 biolink:NamedThing megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100354 biolink:NamedThing megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026404 biolink:NamedThing X inactivation, familial skewed, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026426 biolink:NamedThing X inactivation, familial skewed, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026720 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100223 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0026721 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 30 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030309 biolink:NamedThing Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030902 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 36 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030997 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 37 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032606 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032608 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032609 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032610 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032611 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032612 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032613 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032615 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032616 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032617 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032618 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 13 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032619 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032620 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032621 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032622 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032623 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032624 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032625 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032626 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 22 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032627 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 23 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032628 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 24 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032629 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 25 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032630 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 26 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032631 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 27 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032632 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 28 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032633 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 29 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032634 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 31 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032635 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 32 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032636 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 33 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032910 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 34 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100353 biolink:NamedThing HHV-7 infectious disease A disease caused by infection with herpesvirus-7. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0027068 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, mitochondrial type 1 Any mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, mitochondrial type 1, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTND3 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100134 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex I deficiency, mitochondrial type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030019 biolink:NamedThing anauxetic dysplasia 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054560 biolink:NamedThing anauxetic dysplasia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030077 biolink:NamedThing vertebral, cardiac, renal, and limb defects syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030374 biolink:NamedThing WHIM syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030375 biolink:NamedThing neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease, multisystem, infantile-onset 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000012 biolink:NamedThing neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease, multisystem, infantile-onset 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030376 biolink:NamedThing Martsolf syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030397 biolink:NamedThing portal hypertension, noncirrhotic, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000013 biolink:NamedThing portal hypertension, noncirrhotic, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030399 biolink:NamedThing visceral neuropathy, familial, 2, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030471 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 9 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030476 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032691 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 6 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032692 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0032693 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033005 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033006 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 2, X-linked DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033007 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033008 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033009 biolink:NamedThing Galloway-Mowat syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030537 biolink:NamedThing central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, 2, and autonomic dysfunction DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030539 biolink:NamedThing central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030604 biolink:NamedThing cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma A variant of Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the presence of cystic spaces separated by septa. The septa contain immature epithelial cells, immature stromal cells, and blastema cells. Surgical resection is usually curative. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030606 biolink:NamedThing Bryant-Li-Bhoj neurodevelopmental syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030607 biolink:NamedThing Bryant-Li-Bhoj neurodevelopmental syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030608 biolink:NamedThing interstitial lung disease 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030625 biolink:NamedThing dyskinesia with orofacial involvement, autosomal recessive DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030634 biolink:NamedThing leukoencephalopathy, hereditary diffuse, with spheroids 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030669 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal defects and immunodeficiency syndrome 2 A severe autosomal recessive developmental disorder characterized by multiple intestinal atresia apparent soon after birth. Affected infants have a distended abdomen and do not pass meconium. There is some evidence of inflammatory bowel disease. Death occurs in the first weeks of life. Some patients may also have immunodeficiency. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030674 biolink:NamedThing Teebi hypertelorism syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800025 biolink:NamedThing Teebi hypertelorism syndrome 1 A rare genetic disease characterized by hypertelorism with facial features that can closely resemble craniofrontonasal dysplasia, such as prominent forehead, widow's peak, heavy and broad eyebrows, long palpebral fissures, ptosis, high and broad nasal bridge, short nose, low-set ears, natal teeth, thin upper lip and a grooved chin, as well as limb (i.e. fifth-finger clinodactyly, pes adductus, mild interdigital webbing), urogenital (i.e. bilateral cryptorchidism and shawl scrotum in males) and umbilical (i.e. hernia/small omphalocele) anomalies and cardiac (i.e. ventricular or atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) defects. Additional findings such as polycystic kidneys and iridochorioretinal colobomas have also been reported and psychomotor development is normal. The facial features can also resemble Aarskog and Opitz G/BBB syndromes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030676 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonism-dystonia 3, childhood-onset DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054835 biolink:NamedThing classic dopamine transporter deficiency syndrome Classic Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome describes a subset of SLC6A3-related DTDS cases which present in early infancy. This disorder is usually first identified by neonatal distress and irritability, feeding difficulties, and motor developmental delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054836 biolink:NamedThing parkinsonism-dystonia, infantile, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030729 biolink:NamedThing Tessadori-van Haaften neurodevelopmental syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030730 biolink:NamedThing Tessadori-van Haaften neurodevelopmental syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030993 biolink:NamedThing Tessadori-Van Haaften neurodevelopmental syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031000 biolink:NamedThing Tessadori-Van Haaften neurodevelopmental syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030756 biolink:NamedThing Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030770 biolink:NamedThing congenital disorder of deglycosylation 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030781 biolink:NamedThing restrictive dermopathy 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030839 biolink:NamedThing thyroid hormone metabolism, abnormal, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030854 biolink:NamedThing combined osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030855 biolink:NamedThing combined osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030859 biolink:NamedThing COACH syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030862 biolink:NamedThing COACH syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800103 biolink:NamedThing COACH syndrome 1 Any COACH syndrome in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the TMEM67 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030876 biolink:NamedThing cardioacrofacial dysplasia 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030877 biolink:NamedThing cardioacrofacial dysplasia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030924 biolink:NamedThing proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome 5 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030931 biolink:NamedThing proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054698 biolink:NamedThing proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054699 biolink:NamedThing proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054700 biolink:NamedThing proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030928 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly 26, primary, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030929 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly 27, primary, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054593 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly 18, primary, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030935 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 2 deficiency, nuclear type 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030937 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 2 deficiency, nuclear type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030974 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 2 deficiency, nuclear type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030953 biolink:NamedThing short stature, facial dysmorphism, and skeletal anomalies with or without cardiac anomalies 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100297 biolink:NamedThing short stature, facial dysmorphism, and skeletal anomalies with or without cardiac anomalies 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030978 biolink:NamedThing endove syndrome, limb-only type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0030979 biolink:NamedThing endove syndrome, limb-brain type DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031003 biolink:NamedThing hypercholanemia, familial, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031446 biolink:NamedThing hypercholanemia, familial 1 A very rare genetic disorder characterized clinically by elevated serum bile acid concentrations, itching, and fat malabsorption reported in patients of Old Order Amish descent. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031009 biolink:NamedThing Glanzmann thrombasthenia 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031332 biolink:NamedThing Glanzmann thrombasthenia 1 A bleeding syndrome characterized by spontaneous mucocutaneous bleeding and an exaggerated response to trauma due to a constitutional thrombocytopenia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0031010 biolink:NamedThing odontochondrodysplasia 2 with hearing loss and diabetes DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100325 biolink:NamedThing odontochondrodysplasia 1 A very rare syndrome associating chondrodysplasia with dentinogenesis imperfecta. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044141 biolink:NamedThing panic disorder without agoraphobia A disorder in which an individual experiences recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concern about having additional panic attacks. Agoraphobia is not a component of this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044144 biolink:NamedThing panic disorder with agoraphobia A disorder in which an individual experiences recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concern about having additional panic attacks. Agoraphobia is a component of this disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0034147 biolink:NamedThing neonatal epileptic encephalopathy due to glutaminase deficiency DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033004 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease 4 A autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease that has material basis in mutation in the PKD4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033281 biolink:NamedThing polycystic kidney disease 5 Any polycystic kidney disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DZIP1L gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033635 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033636 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 4 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033637 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 7 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033638 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 8 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033639 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 10 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033645 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 11 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033646 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 12 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033649 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 14 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033650 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 15 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033651 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 16 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033652 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 17 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033653 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 18 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033654 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 19 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033655 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 20 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0033656 biolink:NamedThing mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 21 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035235 biolink:NamedThing classic pyoderma gangrenosum A rare subtype of pyoderma gangrenosum disease characterized by rapidly progressive, single or multiple, painful, aseptic ulcers which present overhanging, violaceous and undermined borders, surrounding induration and erythema, and granulation tissue (occasionally necrotic tissue and/or a purulent exudate) at the base, mainly affecting the legs (but other body surfaces may also be involved), leading to chronic ulcerations and often regressing with cribriform mutilating scars. The disease presents a chronic relapsing course and systemic features (e.g. fever, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia) may be associated. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035236 biolink:NamedThing pustular pyoderma gangrenosum A rare subtype of pyoderma gangrenosum characterized by multiple painful, sterile pustules with a surrounding erythematous halo, predominantly occurring on the trunk and extensor surfaces of the limbs, and potentially persisting for months. Histopathology shows a dermal neutrophilic infiltrate and subcorneal neutrophilic micropustules. The condition is commonly associated with inflammatory bowel disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035237 biolink:NamedThing bullous pyoderma gangrenosum A rare subtype of pyoderma gangrenosum disease characterized by grouped vesicles that rapidly spread and coalesce to form large bullae, which evolve into ulcerations that have an erythematous peripheral halo and central necrosis, mainly affecting the upper limbs and face. Lymphoproliferative diseases are frequently associated, thus prognosis is often compromised. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035238 biolink:NamedThing vegetative pyoderma gangrenosum A rare subtype of pyoderma gangrenosum disease characterized by a solitary, erythematous, ulcerated plaque, which lacks the violaceous border typically present in classic pyoderma gangrenosum, usually affecting individuals who are otherwise healthy. Histologically, the lesion presents a central layer containing neutrophilic inflamation, surrounded by a palisade of histiocytes, which are rimmed by a lymphocytic infiltrate. In comparison with the other variants of pyoderma gangrenosum, this subtype usually shows a good response to less aggressive treatments and underlying systemic disorders are less frequently associated. It is considered the most benign and uncommon clinical variant of pyoderma gangrenosum. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035293 biolink:NamedThing streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035375 biolink:NamedThing multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adults DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100233 biolink:NamedThing long COVID-19 A chronic disease triggered by acute COVID-19 infection that is characterized by persistent symptoms following the acute phase of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may include fatigue, coughing, dyspnea, clouding of mentation, sleep disturbances, exercise intolerance and autonomic symptoms including tachycardia upon mild exercise or standing, night sweats, temperature dysregulation, gastroparesis, constipation or loose stools, and peripheral vasoconstriction. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035403 biolink:NamedThing serous cystadenoma of childhood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035404 biolink:NamedThing mucinous cystadenoma of childhood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035405 biolink:NamedThing seromucinous cystadenoma of childhood DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035406 biolink:NamedThing furuncular myiasis due to Dermatobia hominis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035407 biolink:NamedThing furuncular myiasis due to Cordylobia anthropophaga DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035408 biolink:NamedThing furuncular myiasis due to Cordylobia rodhaini DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035410 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital aglossia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035411 biolink:NamedThing isolated congenital hypoglossia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035614 biolink:NamedThing sporadic fatal insomnia A rare sporadic human prion disease characterized by adult onset of progredient neurodegeneration presenting as a combination of psychiatric, sleep, and oculomotor disturbances, with development of progressive cognitive impairment (the predominantly affected cognitive domains being memory, temporal and/or spatial orientation, language, executive functions, and attention), postural instability, and sometimes additional motor abnormalities and autonomic hyperactivity, in the course of the disease. Bilateral thalamic hypometabolism on FDG-PET imaging and positive prion seeding activity in the cerebrospinal fluid are present in many cases. The disease is fatal within typically two to three years. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035646 biolink:NamedThing congenital-onset Steinert myotonic dystrophy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035663 biolink:NamedThing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with anti-AQP4 antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035664 biolink:NamedThing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with anti-MOG antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035665 biolink:NamedThing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder without anti-MOG and without anti-AQP4 antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035667 biolink:NamedThing isolated optic neuritis without anti-MOG antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035668 biolink:NamedThing isolated optic neuritis with anti-MOG antibodies DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035678 biolink:NamedThing Timothy syndrome type 1 Classical Timothy syndrome with cutaneous syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035679 biolink:NamedThing Timothy syndrome type 2 Classical Timothy syndrome without cutaneous syndactyly. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035696 biolink:NamedThing incomplete septal cirrhosis A histopathological form of portosinusoidal vascular disease characterized by the presence of incomplete, thin, perforated, or blind-ended septa, which intermittently delimit rudimentary nodules, although complete cirrhotic-type regenerative nodules are not seen. Isolated collagen bundles can also be observed within the parenchyma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035713 biolink:NamedThing FOXG1 syndrome due to intragenic alteration DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035735 biolink:NamedThing acquired hemophilia A An acquired form of hemophilia A, resulting in spontaneous bleeding in individuals with no history of bleeding disorders. It is believed to be caused by spontaneous inhibition of clotting factor VIII by autoantibodies, and is usually associated with other autoimmune conditions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035736 biolink:NamedThing acquired hemophilia B DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035940 biolink:NamedThing B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035941 biolink:NamedThing B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(v;11q23.3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035942 biolink:NamedThing B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13.2;q22.1) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035943 biolink:NamedThing B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with hyperdiploidy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035944 biolink:NamedThing B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with hypodiploidy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0035945 biolink:NamedThing B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31.1;q32.3) DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036217 biolink:NamedThing lethal pontocerebellar hypoplasia-hypotonia-respiratory insufficiency syndrome due to a point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0036218 biolink:NamedThing lethal pontocerebellar hypoplasia-hypotonia-respiratory insufficiency syndrome due to biallelic deletions in the ATAD3 gene cluster DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040728 biolink:NamedThing Campylobacter fetus infectious disease DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0040922 biolink:NamedThing latent early syphilis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041052 biolink:NamedThing postherpetic neuralgia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041093 biolink:NamedThing central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041167 biolink:NamedThing carcinoid crisis A life-threatening complication of carcinoid syndrome, and is generally found in people who already have carcinoid syndrome. The crisis may occur suddenly, or it can be associated with stress, chemotherapy, or anesthesia. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041403 biolink:NamedThing toxic amblyopia A condition where a toxic reaction in the optic nerve results in visual loss. Various poisonous substances may cause the condition as well as nutritional factors. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041535 biolink:NamedThing mesenteric lymphadenitis due to Yersinia infection An mesenteric lymphadenitis caused by infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041536 biolink:NamedThing Far-East scarlet-like fever A severe inflammatory disease that occurs sporadically and in outbreaks in Russia and Japan, caused by Yersinia pseudotubuclosis infection, an organism that typically causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in Europe. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041755 biolink:NamedThing twin reversal arterial perfusion syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800179 biolink:NamedThing periprosthetic joint infection A bacterial infection of the joint that is a complication occurring in 1% to 2% of primary arthroplasties. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:8000002 biolink:NamedThing escherichia coli discitis Discitis caused by infection with Escherichia coli. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0041996 biolink:NamedThing thallium poisoning DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800384 biolink:NamedThing cessium poisoning A heavy metal poisoning that is caused by exposure to cessium. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800385 biolink:NamedThing iron poisoning A heavy metal poisoning that is caused by exposure to iron. Iron toxicity is classified as corrosive or cellular. Ingested iron can cause direct caustic injury to the gastrointestinal mucosa, resulting in nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042458 biolink:NamedThing Trichinella spiralis infectious disease An disease or disorder caused by infection with Trichinella spiralis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0042496 biolink:NamedThing ergotism Poisoning caused by ingesting ergotized grain or by the misdirected or excessive use of ergot as a medicine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100203 biolink:NamedThing parainfluenza virus type 1 infectious disease A disease caused by infection with parainfluenza virus type 1. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100204 biolink:NamedThing parainfluenza virus type 2 infectious disease A disease caused by infection with parainfluenza virus type 2. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100205 biolink:NamedThing parainfluenza virus type 4 infectious disease A disease caused by infection with parainfluenza virus type 4. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043004 biolink:NamedThing Weil's disease A jauncice caused by severe leptospirosis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043096 biolink:NamedThing holoacardius amorphus DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043133 biolink:NamedThing microcephaly micropenis convulsions DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043191 biolink:NamedThing radial defect robin sequence DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043330 biolink:NamedThing Mirizzi syndrome Complication of cholelithiasis characterized by obstructive jaundice; abdominal pain, and fever. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043589 biolink:NamedThing femoral neck fracture Fractures of the short, constricted portion of the thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters. It excludes intertrochanteric fractures which are HIP FRACTURES. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043723 biolink:NamedThing Monteggia's fracture Fracture in the proximal half of the shaft of the ulna, with dislocation of the head of the radius. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043759 biolink:NamedThing abdominal ectopic pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy characterized by the implantation of the embryo in the peritoneal cavity or abdominal organs. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0043904 biolink:NamedThing leishmaniasis, diffuse cutaneous A form of LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS caused by Leishmania aethiopica in Ethiopia and Kenya, L. pifanoi in Venezuela, L. braziliensis in South America, and L. mexicana in Central America. This disease is characterized by massive dissemination of skin lesions without visceral involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044070 biolink:NamedThing candidemia A form of invasive candidiasis where species of candida are present in the blood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044207 biolink:NamedThing specific granule deficiency 1 Any specific granule deficiency in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CEBPE gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044208 biolink:NamedThing specific granule deficiency 2 Specific granule deficiency-2 is an autosomal recessive immunologic disorder characterized by recurrent infections due to defective neutrophil development. Bone marrow findings include hypercellularity, abnormal megakaryocytes, and features of progressive myelofibrosis with blasts. The disorder is apparent from infancy, and most patients die in early childhood unless they undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Some patients may have additional findings, including delayed development, mild dysmorphic features, and distal skeletal anomalies (summary by {2:Witzel et al., 2017}).nnFor a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of SGD, see SGD1 (OMIM:245480). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044212 biolink:NamedThing chronic idiopathic urticaria Chronic form of idiopathic urticaria. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044333 biolink:NamedThing alcohol-induced Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome A syndrome which occurs in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse. It is caused by prolonged alcohol-induced neurological damage and malnutrition including vitamin and electrolyte deficiencies. Clinical signs include altered mental status, visual impairment and decreased muscle coordination. The clinical course varies and is, in part, dependent upon the severity of symptoms at presentation. The prognosis is poor and worsens if alcohol abuse continues. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044339 biolink:NamedThing lumbar disc degenerative disorder Any degenerative disorder affecting one or more vertebral discs of the lumbar spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044342 biolink:NamedThing thoracic disc degenerative disorder Any degenerative disorder affecting one or more vertebral discs of the thoracic spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044343 biolink:NamedThing cervical disc degenerative disorder Any degenerative disorder affecting one or more vertebral discs of the cervical spine. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044350 biolink:NamedThing hyperparathyroidism, primary, caused by water clear cell hyperplasia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044700 biolink:NamedThing SIN3A-related intellectual disability syndrome due to a point mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044753 biolink:NamedThing lumbar spinal stenosis A spinal stenosis that involves the lumbar region of vertebral column. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044762 biolink:NamedThing diarrheal disease secondary to increased bowel motility A diarrhea that results from increased motility in the bowel; significant increases in bowel motility can deliver excessively large volumes of stool to the colon. Diarrhea can result when the maximum colonic absorptive capacity of 4 liters a day is exceeded. Also, an alteration in colonic motility such that bowel contents are emptied before adequate absorption can occur has been offered as a possible explanation for the diarrhea associated with irritable bowel disease. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044763 biolink:NamedThing diarrheal disease secondary to decreased bowel motility A diarrhea that results from decreased motility in the bowel; the resultant bowel stasis encourages bacterial overgrowth and subsequent bile salt deconjugation. Diarrhea is then the direct result of fat malabsorption and increased colonic secretion. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044783 biolink:NamedThing solid papillary breast carcinoma A well circumscribed, low grade neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells that are supported by fibrovascular structures. When there is an invasive component present, it is usually a mucinous carcinoma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044793 biolink:NamedThing spitz nevus A benign, acquired or congenital, usually single skin lesion. It can occur on any area of the body, but most commonly occurs on the face of children and the thighs of young females. It is characterized by a proliferation of large spindle, oval, or large epithelioid melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction. The melanocytic proliferation subsequently extends into the dermis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044797 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic nevus A benign melanocytic nevus characterized by the presence of desmoplastic stroma. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044795 biolink:NamedThing epithelioid cell nevus A nevus characterized by the presence of large epithelioid melanocytes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044800 biolink:NamedThing desmoplastic spitz nevus A Spitz nevus associated with fibrous stroma formation. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044817 biolink:NamedThing acquired idiopathic torsion dystonia An instance of idiopathic torsion dystonia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044870 biolink:NamedThing acquired torsion dystonia An instance of torsion dystonia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0044982 biolink:NamedThing drug pseudoallergy DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045039 biolink:NamedThing systemic basidiobolomycosis DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045060 biolink:NamedThing intraductal cribriform breast adenocarcinoma A ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0045068 biolink:NamedThing minor salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma An aggressive carcinoma that arises from the minor salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054551 biolink:NamedThing avascular necrosis of femoral head, primary, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054582 biolink:NamedThing Townes-Brocks syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054588 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome-like disorder with loose anagen hair 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054637 biolink:NamedThing Noonan syndrome-like disorder with loose anagen hair 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054737 biolink:NamedThing Fraser syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054738 biolink:NamedThing Fraser syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054739 biolink:NamedThing Fraser syndrome 3 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700200 biolink:NamedThing atypical dopamine transporter deficiency syndrome A subset of SLC6A3-related DTDS cases which have later onset which ranges from late childhood to adulthood. This disorder is characterized by the presentation of parkinsonism-dystonia, rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia after normal childhood development. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0054867 biolink:NamedThing paraomphalocele DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060758 biolink:NamedThing spinocerebellar ataxia 42, early-onset, severe, with neurodevelopmental deficits DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0060781 biolink:NamedThing Preeyasombat-Varavithya syndrome DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100005 biolink:NamedThing primary mast cell activation syndrome Mast cell activation syndrome where KIT-mutated and clonal mast cells are detected. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100006 biolink:NamedThing secondary mast cell activation syndrome Mast cell activation syndrome where an underlying inflammatory disease is present, often in the form of an IgE-dependent allergy, but there are no KIT-mutated mast cells. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100013 biolink:NamedThing paratenonitis with tendinosis Paratenonitis associated with intratendinous degeneration. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700090 biolink:NamedThing epilepsy, familial temporal lobe, 1 An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the LGI1 gene, encoding leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1. It is characterized by partial seizures originating in the temporal lobe and often accompanied by auditory sensory manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100056 biolink:NamedThing exercise-induced anaphylaxis A rare disorder in which anaphylaxis occurs in association with physical activity. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100055 biolink:NamedThing intraosseous spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma with TFCP2/NCOA2 rearrangements Intraosseous spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the fusion of the EWSR1 or FUS gene with the TFCP2 gene, or the MEIS1 gene with the NCOA2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100060 biolink:NamedThing congenital/infantile spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma with VGLL2/NCOA2/CITED2 rearrangements Congenital/infantile spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of gene fusions involving the VGLL2, SRF, TEAD1, NCOA2, and CITED2 genes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100067 biolink:NamedThing childhood spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma A spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in children. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100057 biolink:NamedThing food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis A subset of exercise-induced anaphylaxis in which symptoms develop if exertion takes place within a few hours of eating a specific food. In the case of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, neither the food nor the exercise alone is enough to cause anaphylaxis. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100074 biolink:NamedThing norovirus infectious disease Infections caused by viruses of the genus in the family caliciviridae, which is associated with epidemic gastroenteritis in humans. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100083 biolink:NamedThing hereditary thrombocytopenia and hematological cancer predisposition syndrome associated with RUNX1 This is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the RUNX1 gene and is characterized by mild to moderate thrombocytopenia, platelet functional and/or ultrastructural defects and a predisposition to hematologic malignancies, most often AML and MDS, and less frequently T-ALL. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100090 biolink:NamedThing congenital alveolar dysplasia due to FGF10 Any congenital alveolar dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGF10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100097 biolink:NamedThing congenital alveolar dysplasia due to TBX4 Any congenital alveolar dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBX4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100092 biolink:NamedThing myoclonus, familial, 2 Familial cortical myoclonus caused by heterozygous mutation in the SCN8A gene on chromosome 12q13. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100093 biolink:NamedThing myoclonus, familial, 1 Familial cortical myoclonus caused by heterozygous mutation in the NOL3 gene on chromosome 16q22. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100119 biolink:NamedThing Knobloch syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800167 biolink:NamedThing Knobloch syndrome 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100127 biolink:NamedThing toxic bronchiolitis obliterans Toxic bronchiolitis whereby a biospy has shown an obliteration of broncioles. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100130 biolink:NamedThing adult acute respiratory distress syndrome A very severe form of acute pulmonary failure secondary to capillary permeability impairment. The symptoms include dyspnea, hypotension and multivisceral failure. The disease is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxemia due to increased alveolar-capillary permeability. The severity depends on the degree of alveolar epithelial injury, with a mortality rate of 30-50%. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100131 biolink:NamedThing pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome Acute respiratory distress syndromet that occurs in pediatric patients and includes findings of new infiltrates (unilateral or bilateral) consistent with acute parenchymal disease, edema not fully explained by fluid overload or cardiac failure, and may present as new acute lung disease in setting of chronic lung disease and/or heart disease, and perinatal lung disease is excluded. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100149 biolink:NamedThing PNPLA6-related spastic paraplegia with or without ataxia An autosomal recessive, multisystem condition caused by pathogenic variants of the PNPLA6 gene that characterized by peripheral neuropathy, cognitive impairment, lower limb spasticity, muscle weakness, and reduced vibration sense. Additional clinical features may include cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency, and hypothyroidism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100319 biolink:NamedThing COVID-19–associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults A inflammatory syndrome in adults infected by the SARS-CoV-2 with severe illness requiring hospitalization in a person aged ≥21 years; a positive test result for current or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (nucleic acid, antigen, or antibody) during admission or in the previous 12 weeks; severe dysfunction of one or more extrapulmonary organ systems (e.g., hypotension or shock, cardiac dysfunction, arterial or venous thrombosis or thromboembolism, or acute liver injury); laboratory evidence of severe inflammation (e.g., elevated CRP, ferritin, D-dimer, or interleukin-6); and absence of severe respiratory illness (to exclude patients in which inflammation and organ dysfunction might be attributable simply to tissue hypoxia). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100168 biolink:NamedThing desmoid tumor caused by somatic mutation DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100219 biolink:NamedThing growth hormone insensitivity syndrome with immune dysregulation 2, autosomal dominant DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100221 biolink:NamedThing IFAP syndrome 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100220 biolink:NamedThing Rajab interstitial lung disease with brain calcifications 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100231 biolink:NamedThing psoriatic arthritis, susceptibility to, 1 A susceptibility or predisposition to psoriatic arthritis, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LTA gene. Psoriatic arthritis affects more than 10% of patients with psoriasis and, in most cases, there is an association between the severity of the arthritis and the skin involvement. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100248 biolink:NamedThing rapidly progressive primary central nervous system vasculitis A subset of primary central nervous system vasculitis where disease is rapidly progressive after onset that is characterized by bilateral, multiple, large cerebral vessel lesions and multiple CNS infarctions. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100305 biolink:NamedThing bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase deficiency Any disorder of bile acid aminotransferase in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the BAAT gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100361 biolink:NamedThing lip herpes simplex type 1 infectious disorder Any herpes simplex type 1 infectious disease that involves the lip. This virus usually responsible for cold sores (herpes labialis). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100362 biolink:NamedThing lip herpes simplex type 2 infectious disorder Any herpes simplex type 2 infectious disease that involves the lip. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100364 biolink:NamedThing genital herpes simplex type 1 infectious disorder Any herpes simplex type 1 infectious disease that involves the genitals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100363 biolink:NamedThing genital herpes simplex type 2 infectious disorder Any herpes simplex type 2 infectious disease that involves the genitals. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100427 biolink:NamedThing non-iatrogenic A characteristic of a diseae in which it does not result from diagnostic and therapeutic procedures undertaken on a patient. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100428 biolink:NamedThing progressive bulbar palsy of childhood A progressive bulbar palsy of childhood that occurs during childhood. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100435 biolink:NamedThing Schwartz-Jampel syndrome type 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100474 biolink:NamedThing mild ichthyosis vulgaris An instance of ichthyosis vulgaris in which the disease presentation is mild in severity. Heterozygote FLG mutation carriers often have mild manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100475 biolink:NamedThing severe ichthyosis vulgaris An instance of ichthyosis vulgaris in which the disease presentation is severe in severity. Homozygous FLG mutation carriers often have more severe manifestations. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100486 biolink:NamedThing adult acne Acne that occurs in an adult. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0100491 biolink:NamedThing generalized pustular psoriasis A rare and extreme form of psoriasis characterized by the appearance of sterile pustules which can take many patterns. All the main pathological features of the disease are accentuated. Generalized pustular psoriasis is clinically heterogeneous in its age at onset, precipitants, severity, and natural history. Many overlapping clinical entities are recognized. There is a relationship between these entities and plaque psoriasis, as some individuals may have episodes of plaque psoriasis preceding or following the generalized pustular psoriasis, but in others generalized pustular psoriasis occurs as the sole phenotype without plaque psoriasis at any time. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600017 biolink:NamedThing acinar dysplasia caused by mutation in FGF10 Any acinar dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGF10 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600018 biolink:NamedThing acinar dysplasia caused by mutation in FGFR2 Any acinar dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FGFR2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600019 biolink:NamedThing acinar dysplasia caused by mutation in TBX4 Any acinar dysplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TBX4 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0600030 biolink:NamedThing B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1) A B-cell acute leukemia characterized by the presence of lymphoblasts that carry a translocation between the E2A gene on chromosome 19 and the PBX1 gene on chromosome 1. It occurs in children and less often in adults. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700006 biolink:NamedThing non-idiopathic A disease characteristic in which the disease has a known cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700030 biolink:NamedThing complete trisomy 21 Trisomy 21 characterized by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 in all the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700127 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 21 Trisomy 21 characterized by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 in some of the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700031 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 18 Trisomy 18 in which the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 18 is present only in some of the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700032 biolink:NamedThing complete trisomy 18 Trisomy 18 in which the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 18 is present in all the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700033 biolink:NamedThing complete trisomy 13 Trisomy 13 in which the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 13 is present in all the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700034 biolink:NamedThing mosaic trisomy 13 Trisomy 13 in which the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 13 is present only in some of the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700063 biolink:NamedThing complete A disease characteristic in which the cause of the disease is present in all the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700078 biolink:NamedThing triple-positive breast carcinoma A breast carcinoma which is positive for expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700082 biolink:NamedThing Robertsonian translocation Down syndrome Chromosomal disorder in which (part or full) chromosome 21 is attached to another chromosome, resulting in the presence of a third copy of part of full chromosome 21 genetic material. A Robertsonian translocation is a structural chromosomal anomaly in which two acrocentric chromosomes break, resulting in the fusion of the nonhomologous chromosomes’ long arms to form a single, large chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700128 biolink:NamedThing translocation Down syndrome Down syndrome in which the extra (partial or total) copy of chromosome 21 genetic material is attached to another chromosome. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700083 biolink:NamedThing reciprocal translocation down syndrome Chromosomal disorder in which (part or full) chromosome 21 has been exchange with another chromosome, resulting in the presence of a third copy of (part or full) chromosome 21 genetic material. A reciprocal translocation is a chromosome abnormality caused by exchange of parts between non-homologous chromosomes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700129 biolink:NamedThing mosaic translocation Down syndrome Translocation Down syndrome in which the extra (partial or total) copy of chromosome 21 attached to another chromosome is present in some of the cells of the organism. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700093 biolink:NamedThing balanced Robertsonian translocation Down syndrome Robertsonian translocation Down syndrome in which translocation displacement of the end regions of chromosomes occured without loss of chromosomal material between the two nonhomologous chromosomes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700094 biolink:NamedThing unbalanced Robertsonian translocation Down syndrome Robertsonian translocation Down syndrome in which translocation displacement of the end regions of chromosomes occured with loss of chromosomal material between the two nonhomologous chromosomes. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700118 biolink:NamedThing proximal chromosome 18q deletion syndrome Chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing (deleted) copy of genetic material from the part of the long (q) arm near the center of chromosome 18. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0700119 biolink:NamedThing distal chromosome 18q deletion syndrome Distal chromosome 18q deletion syndrome is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing (deleted) copy of genetic material at the end of the long arm (q) of chromosome 18. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800032 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTTL1 Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTTL1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800033 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTTQ Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTTQ gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800034 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTTH Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTTH gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800035 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTTK Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTTK gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800036 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTTC Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTTC gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800037 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTTS1 Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTTS1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800038 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTND1 Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTND1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800039 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTND5 Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTND5 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800040 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTND6 Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTND6 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800041 biolink:NamedThing MELAS syndrome caused by mutation in MTTS2 Any MELAS syndromein which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MTTS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800110 biolink:NamedThing persistent tachypnoe of infancy, aberrant Persistent tachypnoe of infancy that presents with additional minor abnormalities upon scanning, including ground-glass opacities in other locations, focal consolidations, parenchymal cysts or bronchial wall thickening (N=80; 37%). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800111 biolink:NamedThing persistent tachypnoe of infancy, usual Persistent tachypnoe of infancy that presents with with no other airway or parenchymal abnormalities upon scanning (N=80; 63%). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800117 biolink:NamedThing cutaneous botryomycosis A botromycosis that involves the skin and subcutaneous tissue (it is a more common type). DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800118 biolink:NamedThing visceral botryomycosis A botryomycosis that involves internal organs such as lungs, liver, or brain. It is a rare disease and has been described mainly in patients with underlying diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cystic fibrosis, or HIV infection. It is most commonly affecting the lungs, although involvement of other organs including liver, spleen, kidney, and brain has also been described. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800143 biolink:NamedThing cytomegalovirus pneumonia due to NOS2 deficiency Cytomegalovirus pneumonia due to variant in the NOS2 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800226 biolink:NamedThing strabismus, susceptibility to, 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800308 biolink:NamedThing orotic aciduria without megaloblastic anemia DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800330 biolink:NamedThing myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile, 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800341 biolink:NamedThing cap myopathy 1 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800342 biolink:NamedThing cap myopathy 2 DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800436 biolink:NamedThing craniofacial dysmorphism, skeletal anomalies, and impaired intellectual development 1 Any craniofacial dysmorphism, skeletal anomalies, and impaired intellectual development in which the cause of the disease is a variation in the TMCO1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800437 biolink:NamedThing Carey-Fineman-Ziter syndrome 1 A rare condition characterized by the association of hypotonia, Moebius sequence (bilateral congenital facial palsy with impairment of ocular abduction), Pierre-Robin sequence (micrognathia, glossoptosis, and high-arched or cleft palate), unusual face, and growth delay. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0800438 biolink:NamedThing developmental delay with short stature, dysmorphic facial features, and sparse hair 1 Any developmental delay with short stature, dysmorphic facial features, and sparse hair in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DPH1 gene. DOVES_relaxed.owl MONDO:0850048 biolink:NamedThing classic eosinophilic pustular folliculitis DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000001 biolink:NamedThing Adverse Event Outcome Adverse Event Outcome is a Safety Event Outcome describing a pathological bodily process that occurs after a medical intervention. An adverse event is likely caused by the medical intervention; however, such a causal association is not required to be an adverse event. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/840177a9-3e6d-4978-ac7a-8580c78443d6 biolink:NamedThing safety event outcome A Safety Event Outcome is a Clinical Care Outcome that describes the mitigation (or worsening) of a safety event or side effect that a Digital Medicine Application may help mitigate, or that a Digital Medicine Application may cause. DOVES_relaxed.owl http://purl.org/doves/doves-ontology#Critical_Care_Event_Outcome biolink:NamedThing critical care event outcome A Critical Care Event Outcome is a Safety Event Outcome that describes an event in which a person's life is in imminent danger due to a medical reason. DOVES_relaxed.owl https://purl.org/doves/e677ffb2-3a5a-4e16-a017-a7268e348735 biolink:NamedThing reduced adverse event rate outcome Reduced Adverse Event Rate Outcome is a Safety Event Outcome that describes a digital medicine application's influence on reducing the rate at which adverse events occur. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000003 biolink:NamedThing causal adverse event an adverse event which is a causal adverse event, a pathological bodily process that is induced by a medical intervention. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000004 biolink:NamedThing vaccine adverse event an adverse event that occurs after a vaccination. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000005 biolink:NamedThing adverse drug event an adverse event that occurs after a drug administration DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000008 biolink:NamedThing nutritional product adverse event an adverse event that is induced by consuming a nutritional product. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000027 biolink:NamedThing musculoskeletal or connective tissue AE an adverse event that has an outcome of abnormal sign in a musculoskeletal or connective tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000040 biolink:NamedThing procedural complication AE an adverse event that shows a complication that occurs after a medical procedure such as a surgery. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000041 biolink:NamedThing injury AE an adverse event that has an outcome of injury after a medical intervention. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000052 biolink:NamedThing tumor AE an adverse event that results in the outcome of a tumor. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000063 biolink:NamedThing systematic AE an adverse event that occurs systematically throughout the systemic circulation. This is different from local adverse event that is limited or a certain location. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000069 biolink:NamedThing metabolism, endocrine or exocrine system AE an adverse event which occurs in a metabolism process (including anabolism and catabolism), endocrine system, or exocrine system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000070 biolink:NamedThing clinical trial adverse event an adverse event that occurs in clinical trial. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000100 biolink:NamedThing influenza like illness AE influenza like illness AE is an adverse event that has an outcome of a medical diagnosis of possible influenza or other illness causing a set of common symptoms DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000199 biolink:NamedThing hair, skin or nail AE an adverse event that occurs in hair, skin, or nail. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000204 biolink:NamedThing congenital AE an adverse event that displays a congential and genetic disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000208 biolink:NamedThing abdominal AE an adverse event that displays a disorder in abdomen. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000209 biolink:NamedThing genetic AE an adverse event that results in genetic disorder. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000211 biolink:NamedThing ulcer AE an adverse event that displays an outcome of ulcer. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000214 biolink:NamedThing sclerosis AE an adverse event that displays an outcome of an sclerosis, the stiffening of a structure, usually caused by a replacement of the normal organ-specific tissue with connective tissue. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000219 biolink:NamedThing prenatal, perinatal or neonatal disorder AE an adverse event that displays a disorder associated with child birth, newborn infant, or an infant. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000226 biolink:NamedThing medical intervention site AE an adverse event that occurs in the site of a medical intervention (e.g., vaccination injection site). DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000363 biolink:NamedThing infection AE an adverse event that has an outcome of a pathogen infection, i.e., an infection caused by a pathogen such as a virus, bacterium, or parasite. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000364 biolink:NamedThing syndrome AE An AE that has an outcome of syndrome. Syndrome is the association of several clinically recognizable features, signs (observed by a physician), symptoms (reported by the patient), phenomena or characteristics that often occur together, so that the presence of one feature alerts the physician to the presence of the others. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000378 biolink:NamedThing respiratory system AE an AE that occurs in respiratory system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000436 biolink:NamedThing hepatobiliary or pancreatic AE an adverse event that occurs in liver, biliary, and pancreatic areas. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000439 biolink:NamedThing digestive system AE an AE that occurs in digestive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000443 biolink:NamedThing eye AE an AE that occurs in eye. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000465 biolink:NamedThing ear AE an AE that occurs in ear. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000476 biolink:NamedThing immune system AE an AE that occurs in immune system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000493 biolink:NamedThing cardiovascular AE an AE that occurs in cardiovascular system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000555 biolink:NamedThing homeostasis AE an AE that occurs in the homeostasis system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000570 biolink:NamedThing nervous system AE an AE that occurs in nervous system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000574 biolink:NamedThing gustatory system AE an adverse event that occurs in a gustatory system DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000580 biolink:NamedThing behavioral and neurological AE an adverse event that has an outcome of an abnormal behavior and neurological phenotype. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000588 biolink:NamedThing hematopoietic system AE an adverse event which occurs in a hematopoietic system, which is any structural or developmental anomaly of the blood cells or the organs associated with the development and formation of blood cells DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000622 biolink:NamedThing urinary system AE an adverse event that has an outcome of urinary system AE is a functional anomaly of any of the organs involved in the production or excretion of urine DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000628 biolink:NamedThing investigation result abnormal AE an adverse event that is indicated by an abnormal result of an investigation that uses some laboratory equipment, device, or medical technology. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000631 biolink:NamedThing serious adverse event serious adverse event is an adverse event that requires in-patient hospitalization, or prolongation of existing hospitalization, or that causes congenital malformation, or that results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, or that is life threatening or results in death. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000638 biolink:NamedThing non-serious adverse event an adverse event that is considered not serious. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000651 biolink:NamedThing reproductive system AE reproductive system AE is an AE that occurs in the reproductive system. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0001348 biolink:NamedThing purulent discharge AE an adverse event with an outcome of the release or secretion of pus DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0001438 biolink:NamedThing suspiciousness AE Adverse event that is characterized by the patient becoming increasingly suspicious DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0001551 biolink:NamedThing brain AE an adverse event that occurs in brain. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0002475 biolink:NamedThing therapy adverse event an adverse event that occurs after a therapeutic intervention DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0002625 biolink:NamedThing local AE an adverse event that occurs locally in a certain location. This is different from the systematci adverse event that occurs throughout the systemtic circulation. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0004330 biolink:NamedThing nutritional disorder AE an adverse event that has an outcome of nutrition disorder, which can be caused by an insufficient intake of food or of certain nutrients, by an inability of the body to absorb and use nutrients, or by overconsumption of certain foods. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000007 biolink:NamedThing medical food adverse event an adverse event that is associated with eating a medical food. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000009 biolink:NamedThing dietary supplement adverse event an adverse event that is associated with consuming a dietary supplement. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000010 biolink:NamedThing infant formula adverse event an adverse event that is associated with consuming an infant formula. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000099 biolink:NamedThing nutritional product-induced adverse event DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000017 biolink:NamedThing X-ray result abnormal AE an imaging investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal X-ray DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0001701 biolink:NamedThing imaging investigation result abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal result of an imaging investigation DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000832 biolink:NamedThing computerized tomography result abnormal AE an imaging investigation result abnormal AE that has an abnormal result of an imaging method in which a cross-sectional image of the structures in a body plane is reconstructed by a computer program from the x-ray absorption of beams projected through the body in the image plane DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0001567 biolink:NamedThing nuclear magnetic resonance imaging result abnormal AE an imaging investigation result abnormal AE that is indicated by an abnormal result of a procedure in which radio waves and a powerful magnet linked to a computer are used to create detailed pictures of areas inside the body DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0002394 biolink:NamedThing brain scan abnormal AE an imaging investigation result abnormal AE shows how the brain and its tissues are working. Abnormal results may be due to: Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, brain tumors, epilepsy, and movement disorders. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000018 biolink:NamedThing chest X-ray abnormal AE an X-ray result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormality in chest X-ray test DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000019 biolink:NamedThing contusion AE a haematoma AE that has an outcome of contusion. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000650 biolink:NamedThing hematoma AE an cardiovascular adverse event that is a collection of blood outside the blood vessels, generally the result of hemorrhage, or more specifically, internal bleeding. It is commonly called a bruise. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000322 biolink:NamedThing injection-site hematoma AE a haematoma AE that has an outcome of injection-site haematoma, which results in a collection of blood outside the blood vessels at the physical area of injection DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0003031 biolink:NamedThing Grade 2 hematoma AE a hematoma AE that requires minimally invasive evacuation or aspiration DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0003032 biolink:NamedThing Grade 3 hematoma AE a hematoma AE that requires transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0003580 biolink:NamedThing Grade 1 hematoma AE a hematoma AE that is localized or in a dependent area DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0003581 biolink:NamedThing Grade 2 hematoma AE a hematoma AE that is generalized DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0004428 biolink:NamedThing subcapsular hematoma AE An adverse event of hematoma in the subcapsular space of the kidney. This event occurs after a medical intervention, and may be caused by a tumor, trauma, vasculitis, renal infarction, or other disease process. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0004429 biolink:NamedThing perinephric hematoma AE An adverse event of hematoma occurring around the kidney. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000020 biolink:NamedThing dry throat AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of dry throat, which is a sensation of dryness in the throat. DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000253 biolink:NamedThing acute graft versus host disease in intestine AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a complication during stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the newly transplanted donor cells in the intestine attack the transplant recipient's body DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000343 biolink:NamedThing pharyngitis AE pharyngitis AE is a digestive system AE that results in an inflammation of the throat or pharynx DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000349 biolink:NamedThing retching AE retching AE is a digestive system AE that results in a process in the human body where gastric (and sometimes duodenal) contents are forced into the esophagus, but do not enter the pharynx DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000455 biolink:NamedThing gastrointestinal disorder AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of a gastrointestinal disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000505 biolink:NamedThing dry mouth AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of dry mouth, which is dryness of the mouth resulting from reduced salivary secretion DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000511 biolink:NamedThing abnormal salivary gland physiology AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of abnormal salivary gland physiology, which is any functional anomaly of any of the glands in the mouth that secrete saliva DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000513 biolink:NamedThing tongue disorder a digestive system AE which has an outcome of tongue disorder DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000532 biolink:NamedThing abnormal stool AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of abnormal stool DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000535 biolink:NamedThing parotid gland enlargement AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of parotid gland enlargement DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000554 biolink:NamedThing abnormal digestion AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of abnormal digestion, which is an altered ability of the mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic processes of the body to convert ingested food into material suitable for assimilation for synthesis of tissues or liberation of energy DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000597 biolink:NamedThing dysphagia AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of dysphagia, which is a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of difficulty in swallowing food or liquid DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000603 biolink:NamedThing abnormal defecation AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of abnormal defecation, an anomaly in the production and excretion of feces DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000608 biolink:NamedThing stomatitis AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of stomatitis, which is an inflammation of the mucous lining of the mouth DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000609 biolink:NamedThing mouth mucosal ulceration AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of mouth mucosal ulceration, which is lesions through the mucous membrane of the mouth, usually associated with loss of tissue DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000688 biolink:NamedThing stomach discomfort AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of stomach discomfort DOVES_relaxed.owl OBO:OAE_0000707 biolink:NamedThing bile duct obstruction AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a blockage in the tubes that carry bile from the liber to the gallbladder and small intestine DOVES_relaxed.owl